高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 22

高考英语阅读理解冲刺训练Day 22

Passage 1

It is a common sight on Japanese public transportation: Children troop through train cars, alone or in small groups, looking for seats.

They wear knee socks, polished leather shoes, and school uniforms, with train passes pinned to their backpacks. The kids are as young as six or seven, on their way to and from school, and there is no parent in sight. They may chat happily, listening to music or just reading books quietly.

Kakaito, a 12-year-old boy in Tokyo, has been riding the train by himself between the homes of his parents, since he was nine. "At first, I was a little worried," he admits, "whether I could ride the train alone, but only a little worried." Now, he says, "It’s easy." His parents were worried at first, too. But they went ahead because they felt he was old enough, and lots of other kids were doing it safely. "Honestly, what I remember thinking at this time is, the trains are safe and on time, and he is a smart boy." Kakaito’s stepmother says. "I took the train on my own when I was younger than him in Tokyo," she recalls, "We didn’t have cellphones back in my day, but I still managed to go from point A to point B on the train. If he gets lost, he can call us."

Kakaito's stepmother says she wouldn’t let a nine-year-boy ride the subway alone in London or New York — just in Tokyo. Japan has a very low crime rate, which is surely a key reason parents feel confident about sending their kids out alone. But small-sized urban spaces and a culture of walking and public transportation use also bring people safety.

1. The writer describes the scene at the beginning in order to ________ .

A. encourage the readers

B. introduce the topic

C. make a sharp comparison

D. show us the beauty of riding the train.

2. What might be Kakaito’s reaction if he gets lost？________

A. Ask his classmates for help.

B. Get off the train and take another.

C. Connect his family members.

D. Wait for his parents to pick him up.

3. What’s the last paragraph about？________

A. The reasons why Japanese kids take trains alone.

B. The reasons why London or New York has a high crime rate.

C. Japanese people like walking and take public transportation.

D. The reason why Kakaito’s stepmother is worried about his safety.

Passage 2

China has a long tradition of respecting education. But its present education is not that respectable.

According to the Hurun Report, which conducted one-on-one interviews with 980 wealthy Chinese people with net assets of more than 60 million yuan (\9.5million) in 18 mainland cities from May to September, about 14 percent of them said they had either already moved overseas or had applied to do so, and another 46 percent said they planned to emigrate within three years. All cited the higher-quality education available for their children overseas as the reason.

Such a mindset has resulted in a growing number of Chinese students studying abroad.

To be fair, our primary and high schools are a leader in content throughout the world. The Program for International Student Assessment last year offered “a feather in the cap” for our education. Participating in the program administered by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, teenagers in Shanghai were far in advance of their peers from 64 countries, including the United States, in reading literacy, mathematics and science.

So why does education in this country leave so many wealthy parents cold?

Children in China have no say in what they learn. They normally learn by rote (死

记硬背) and are forced to study the subjects that help them in examinations for a school of a higher grade, especially the college entrance exams.

Studies conducted by the China Youth and Children Research Center show that more than half of Chinese secondary school students study overtime and they don't get enough sleep. And more than 70 percent of students in primary and middle schools take after-school tutoring classes, which is considered a heavy burden on children.

And this situation turns many parents into demons like "Wolf Father" Xiao Baiyou in Guangdong province, who supported his children's learning with verbal abuse and physical violence. Xiao doesn't pale in comparison to Tiger Mother Amy Chua in the United States. He is satisfied with his parenting skills, as he has sent three of his four children to Peking University, one of China's most prestigious higher learning institutions.

Such ways of stimulating children to learn are certainly scary enough to make those Chinese parents with deep pockets choose a foreign school for their kids.

As long as exams-oriented education continues, parents will look overseas for a better way to educate their children.

1. How many of the wealthy Chinese interviewed were in favor of moving overseas? ________

A. 14% of them

B. 60% of them

C. 32% of them

D. 46% of them

2. What does “a feather in the cap” in Paragraph 4 most probably mean? ________

A. A hope

B. An honor

C. An escape

D. A challenge

3. Education in China is criticized in this passage for the following flaws EXCEPT ________ .

A. burdening children with after-school tutoring classes

B. depriving children of sleep with too much study

C. forcing children to take college entrance exams

D. making children learn by rote memorization

4. What is the author’s opinion of “Wolf Father” and “Tiger Mother” parenting style? ________

A. Supportive

B. Objective

C. Stimulating.

D. Worried

Passage 3

Paperless office was first coined in 1975. Four decades later. we’re still chasing （追逐）the paperless office dream. Take the financial industry for example, it is one of the slower industries to hug digital transformation. Many financial institutions today still send out trade confirmations by mail. I can tell you from first-hand experience that going paperless is by no means impossible. The Centric Digital office is a paperless work environment where all the office operations go digital, which has amazed our business partners. Actually, companies need to stress the benefits of a digital culture for communications. Going paperless can save time and money. You could say goodbye to costly repairs, office supply orders, wasted employee time and so on. Besides. forbidding paper in the office forces information to be 100% digital, where you can make endless amounts of backups（备份）, which easily increase transparency（透明）. Not to mention, top talents want to work for digital companies. You might think the secret to a paperless company is purely technology. Well, not really. Thanks to products like iPads, smartphones and cloud services, the ability to go paperless is highly accessible. Yet, even with all this technology, companies continue to rely on paper. It’s not because they don’t have access to the technology, but because they’re lacking the policies organizational structure and strong desire to change. In order to go paperless, companies need to change the way they think and operate. The decision needs to be made and carried out and everyone needs to work together to make it. Yes, the paperless office has been a very long time in the making, but it no longer has to be. With numerous amounts of software, services, apps, and technology available today, the only thing we

need to do is make the decision to go paperless and see it through.

1. The practice of going paperless in the financial industry is________

A. disappointing

B. encouraging

C. satisfying

D. disgusting

2. A paperless company can ________ .

A. raise staff salary

B. attract talented staff

C. promote product sales

D. increase time consumption

3. What actually prevents people from going paperless？________

A. The company policies.

B. Operational research.

C. The equipment available.

D. Technological limitations.

4. The writer believes going paperless ________ .

A. still needs a long time preparation

B. offers people a lot more chances

C. should be made to happen right now

D. brings convenience and trouble as well

Passage 4

The Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, the world's longest sea-based project, comprises four parts: a 22.9-kilometer steel bridge, two artificial islands, a submerged sea tunnel extending for 6.7 kilometers, as well as leading bridges that connect the bridge to the cities.

For a bridge project, designers prefer to build all the structure on the ground, and only choose the tunnel when there is no alternative. However, for the HZMB, the most practical design is to integrate bridge, island and tunnel to form a complete cross-sea channel.

"The Pearl River Estuary （河口）holds a world-level shipping channel. Smooth traffic should be guaranteed. And the location is near the Hong Kong International Airport. With about 2,000 flights taking off and landing at the airport, the bridge cannot be built too high for safety reasons/5 said Meng Fanchao, chief designer of the project. “But you cannot have a submerged sea tunnel without any support. That forced us to build the artificial islands.”

Chinese engineers declared a trail in installing deep-immersed tunnel tubes. 6t There is no model for us to refer to as all the cases are shallow-buried tubes,9, said Meng.

"For lack of experience, the installation of the first tube lasted for 96 hours," said Yin Haiqing, deputy manager of the Project Management Department. ''Everyone was exhausted when we made it.”

The 6.7-kilometer tunnel is the world's longest submerged sea tunnel.

Two artificial islands, covering an area of 200,000 square meters, help create a smooth transition between bridge sections and tunnels. Different from traditional island, the engineers put 120 steel cylinders （圆柱）with a 22-meter diameter （直径）into the seabed, make out the shape of an island, and fill the island with soil. It is an innovative way they adopted to build the artificial island, making it firmer, more efficient and friendly to the marine ecology.

The HZMB provides a fixed link between the two Chinese economic centres Hong Kong and Macau and the mainland of China at Zhuhai.

1. Why isn't the bridge built too high?

A. The bridge hasn't any support.

B. It isn't safe to build it too high.

C. The engineers lack experience.

D. The engineers want to make it special.

2. What can we know about the HZMB from the text?

A. All the structure of the HZMB is built on the ground.

B. The 6.7-kilometre tunnel is the world's longest tunnel.

C. The HZMB is the first to install deep-immersed tunnel tubes.

D. The installation of the first tunnel tube failed for the first time.

3. What’s the function of two artificial islands?

A. To declare a trail in building a sea-based bridge.

B. To prevent the pollution from affecting the marine ecology.

C. To ensure smooth traffic between bridge sections and tunnels.

D. To guarantee the safety of the ships going through the estuary.

4. What type of writing is this text?

A. An advertisement.

B. Science fiction.

C. An announcement.

D. A news report.

Passage 5

Solar energy systems/power plants do not produce air pollution, water pollution, or greenhouse gases. Using solar energy can have a positive, indirect effect on the environment, when solar energy replaces or reduces the use of other energy sources that have larger effects on the environment.

However, some poisonous materials and chemicals are used to make the photovoltaic (光电池的) cells that convert sunlight into electricity. Some solar thermal (保热的) systems use potentially hazardous liquids to transfer heat. Leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environment. U. S. environmental laws regulate the use and settlement of these types of materials.

As with any type of power plant, large solar power plants can affect the environment near their locations. The placement of the power plant may have long-term effects on the habitats of native plants and animals. Some solar power plant-s may require water for cleaning solar collectors and concentrators or for cooling turbine generators. Using large volumes of ground water or surface water in some dry locations may affect the ecosystems that depend on these water resources. In addition, the beam of concentrated sunlight a solar power tower creates can kill birds and insects that fly into the beam.

The amount of solar energy that the earth receives each day is many times greater

than the total amount of all energy that people consume each day. However, on the sur~ace of the earth, solar energy is a variable and irregular energy source. The amount of sunlight and the intensity of sunlight varies by time of day and location. Weather and climate conditions affect the availability of sunlight daily and on a seasonal basis. The type and size of a soIar energy collection and conversion system determines how much of the available solar energy we can convert into useful energy.

1. Which of the following best explains "hazardous" underlined in paragraph 2?

A. inexpensive

B. dangerous

C. ineffective

D. abnormal

2. What influence can large solar power plants have on the locations?

A. Polluting the ground water.

B. Protecting the habitats of plants and animals.

C. Damaging the local natural balance.

D. Attracting birds and insects to the area.

3. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?

A. Different areas receive different amount of solar energy.

B. How to convert solar energy into useful energy.

C. The relationship between solar energy collection and the sunlight.

D. Some factors that influence the amount of solar energy collection.

4. What does the author think of the solar energy systems?

A. They are totally environment-friendly.

B. They have both advantages and disadvantages.

C. They should be forbidden in the future.

D. They should be encouraged in quantities.

参考答案

Passage 1

1. B推理判断题。文中第一段It is a common sight on Japanese public transportation：Children troop through train cars，alone or in small groups，looking for seats．“这在日本的公共交通中很常见：孩子们独自或成群结队地通过火车车厢寻找座位。”文章开头介绍该场景是为了引出话题。故选B。

2. C细节理解题。根据第四段she recalls，“We didn’t have cellphones back in my day，but I still managed to go from point A to point B on the train．If he gets lost，he can call us．”可知，这里说话的人she指代的是前文提到的Kakaito’s stepmother，她说如果走丢了，可以给他们打电话，所以C选项中“联系父母”和原文是同义改写。故C选项正确。

3. A主旨大意题题。原意是日本的犯罪率低，且城市范围小以及走路和乘公交车上学是一种文化，所以家长放心让孩子单独上学。第三步：A选项讲的是日本小孩搭乘火车的原因，最后一段提到了原因日本犯罪率低、城市范围小以及走路和乘公交车是一种文化，都是原因，故选A。

Passage 2

1. B细节理解题。根据“about 14 percent of them said they had either already moved overseas or had applied to do so，and another 46 percent said they planned to emigrate within three years.”可知，14%已经移民或者已经申请移民海外，46%计划三年内移民海外，故赞同移民海外的一共有60%，选B。

2. B词义猜测题。根据“Participating in the program administered by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, teenagers in Shanghai were far in advance of their peers from 64 countries, including the United States, in reading literacy, mathematics and science.” 理解可知，该项目为教育带来荣誉，选B。

3. C细节理解题。根据“Children in China have no say in what they learn．They normally learn by rote and are forced to study the subjects that help them in examinations for a school of a higher grade, especially the college entrance exams.”可知，该处作者批判的是强制学习各种科目，而不是参加高考，故选

C。

4. D情感态度题。根据“Such ways of stimulating children to learn are certainly scary enough to make those Chinese parents with deep pockets choose a foreign school for their kids.”可知，作者对于该种教育方式是表示担忧的，故选D。

Passage 3

1. A推理判断题。根据关键词定位在第一句，financial industry which is going to paperless is by no means impossible．，所以金融行业的无纸化是不可能的，也就是令人失望的。

2. B细节理解题。根据第二第三段可知，采用无纸化的公司会更省钱和省时，他们会剔除那些浪费的员工，招来更加优秀节省的人。

3. A细节理解题。根据第三段可知，公司的政策会导致他是否实施。

4. C根据全文，作者对于无纸化采取的是表扬的态度，也提到了很多优点，最后一句也能证明让我们尽快投入使用。

Passage 4

1. 细节理解题。根据第三段With about 2,000 flights taking off and landing at the airport, the bridge cannot be built too high for safety reasons/5 said Meng Fanchao, chief designer of the project.可知，由于大约有2000个航班在机场起降，出于安全考虑，这座桥不能建得太高。故选B。

2. 推理判断题。根据第4段There is no model for us to refer to …和第5段For lack of experience, the installation of the first tube lasted for 96 hours，可知，没有可供参考的模式，珠港澳大桥是第一个安装深埋隧道管的工程，故选C。

3. 细节理解题。根据第三段But you cannot have a submerged sea tunnel without any support. That forced us to build the artificial islands.可知，人工岛的建设是为了确保桥段与隧道之间的交通畅通，故选C。

4. 主旨大意题。本文讲述了珠港澳大桥的建设，属于新闻报道，故选D。

Passage 5

1. B 词义猜测题。根据Some solar thermal (保热的) systems use potentially hazardous liquids to transfer heat. Leaks of these materials could be harmful to the environment.” 可知一些太阳热能(保热的)系统使用潜在-------的液体转移热量，

这些材料的泄漏可能对环境有害。既然是对环境有害的，那么这些液体肯定是危险的（dangerous）,故选B。

2. C 推测判断题。根据第二段中“Using large volumes of ground water or surface water in some dry locations may affect the ecosystems that depend on these water resources. … fly into the beam.” 可知在一些干旱地区使用大量地下水或地表水可能会影响依赖这些水资源的生态系统。并且太阳能塔产生的聚光光束可以杀死飞进光束中的鸟类和昆虫。这些都会破坏当地的生态平衡，故选C。

3. D 段落大意题。第三段主要是关于影响太阳能的因素，阳光的数量和强度，天气和气候条件，太阳能转换系统等都会影响太阳能的使用。故选D。

4. B 推测判断题。作者在文中提到了太阳能对环境保护的好处，同时也提出太阳能的一些劣势，比如会破坏生态平衡，不稳定。由此可以看出作者认为太阳能既有好处，也有不好的地方，选B。