2019年6月雅思真题回忆及解析
2019雅思阅读考试真题(19)
2019年雅思IELTS考试备考资料模拟试题及答案14The nervous system of vertebrates is characterized by a hollow, dorsal nerve cord that ends in the head region as an enlargement, the brain. Even in its most primitive form this cord and its attached nerves are the result of evolutionary specialization, and their further evolution from lower to higher vertebrate classes is a process that is far from fully understood. Nevertheless, the basic arrangements are similar in all vertebrates, and the study of lower animals gives insight into the form and structure of the nervous system of higher animals. Moreover, for any species, the study of the embryological development of the nervous system is indispensable for an understanding of adult morphology.In any vertebrate two chief parts of the nervous system may be distinguished. These are the central nervous system (the nerve cord mentions above), consisting of the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, consisting of the cranial, spinal, and peripheral nerves, together with their motor and sensory endings. The term "autonomic nervous system" refers to the parts of the central and peripheral systems that supply and regulate the activity of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle, and many glands.The nervous system is composed of many millions of nerve and glial cells, together with blood vessels and a small amount of connective tissue. The nerve cells, or "neurons", are characterized by many processes and are specialized in that they exhibit to a great degree the phenomena ofirritability and conductivity. The glial cells of the central nervous system are supporting cells collectively termed"neuroglia". They are characterized by short processes that have special relationships to neurons, blood vessels, and connective tissue. The comparable cells in the peripheral nervous system are termed "neurilemmal" cells.1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) The parts of a neuron(B) The structure of animals' nerve(C) The nervous system of vertebrates(D) The development of the brain2. According to the passage , the nerve cord of vertebrates is(A) large(B) hollow(C) primitive(D) embryological3. The author implies that a careful investigation of a biological structure in an embryo may(A) Improved research of the same structure in other species(B) A better understanding of the fully developed structure(C) Discovering ways in which poor development can be corrected(D) A method by which scientists can document the various stages of development4. The two main parts of the central nervous system are the brain and the(A) sensory endings(B) cranial nerve(C) spinal cord(D) peripheral nerves5. All of the following are described as being controlled by the autonomic nervous system EXCEPT(A) connective tissue(B) cardiac muscle(C) glandular activity(D) smooth muscle6. In what lines does the author identify certain characteristic of nerve cells?(A) lines 1-2(B) lines 9-12(C) lines 12-14(D) lines 16-18CBBCA D。
2019年6月25日雅思写作答案解析
2019年6月25日雅思写作答案解析简单分析：这是一篇论述类的题目，烤鸭们要分别论证经过科技改良食物的优点和缺点，并且表明自己的立场。
这个题目有一点的难度，因为科技是比较小众的雅思话题，也提醒各位烤鸭要注意复习的全面性，不能有侥幸的心理。
Word count： 299Technology, the mighty force which is created by the comparativelysmaller, walnut-shaped human brain, has changed the landscape, redefined thenatural resources and even diversified the food we human beings rely on. Theopponents and the proponents both hold their own justifications and I deem thatthere is no black-or-white conclusion of this issue.It is more likely that food shortage will undermine the wellbeing ofmasses less frequently if technology andscientific breakthrough improve thequality and range of choices. In the past when we human beings relied heavilyon the rather limited sources of food, a spell of abnormal weather can pose athreat to the yield of the crops and the health condition of livestock, letalone the unpredicted climate change. However, the miserable past is no longerthe case today. People are less prone to the impact of scarcity of the foodsupply and the quality as more food sources can be utilized with theadvancement of science.On the other hand, the skeptics think technology a two-edged sword andthe potential risks of technologically-modified food can never beunderestimated. The security of somefood generated by technology has not been identified, thereby entailing someunpredictable consequences. Thegenetically modified food,a milestone inhuman history, provides more options of food and enhance the quality on the onehand, also induces the doubts on its potential harm to human body and health.Personally, I suppose a reconciliationshould be achievedbetween this two statements. What really matters on this issue is how properlythe technologically- changed food can function in the society and what thefollowing steps we shall take if some dire consequences arise. After all , itis the tiny brain that has the final say instead of the technology it creates.。
2019年6月A级真题及答案解析
art I I..J i st eni11g C．01n p r c l1e11s10[20 minut e s] Directions: This part is to test your lis砌ing ability. It consfats of 4 sections.Section 1-\Directions: T h is section is to test you1书ability to understand s加rt dialogues. The re are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each di啦gue,t加re is a recorded question. Both the dialogues·andquestions wil l be spok勿i only once. When you hear a question, you s加uld decide on thecon·ect answ研介01n t加4clwices marked AJ, BJ, CJ and DJ given in your test p a per.Then you s加uld mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.Example: You will he吓You而U read: A) New York City. CJ An air trip.BJ An evening party. DJ The man's job.肝om t加dialogue we learn that the man is to take a flight to New York. Therefore, C) An air trip is the co灯ect answer. You sho讥d mark CJ on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the cen阮．Now the test will begin.1.A) Prepare the docurnen区B)Book a room for the meeting.2.A) He is going to a party.B)He is making a plan.3.A) The job is interesting.B)The enviromnent is friendly.4.A) The labour cost has risen.B)The income tax has gone up.5.A) Lowering the product price.B)Conducting a market sUIVey.Section B[A][B]伺[D]C)沁k all the managers to attend the meeting.D)Make several copies of the meeting agendaC)He likes to go to the cinema.D)He can't attend the lecture.C)The salary is attractive.D)The colleagues are nice.C)The management cost is on the rise.D)The raw material is in short SUJ:>ply.C)Making a promotion plan.D)Improving the product design.Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions. Both theconversations and questions will be spoken two times: When you hear a question, youshould decide on加correct answer from the 4 choices marked AJ, BJ, CJ and DJ given inyour比st paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center. Now listen to the conversations.C o n ver s ation 16.A) He is away on business.B)He is having a meeting.7.A) His flight has been cancelled.B)He has to meet his lawyer.C)He is visiting a client.D)He is on sick leave.C)He was iltjtrred in an accident.D)He is suffering from a fever.8.A) HoldiJ.1g a telephone meetiI1g instead.B)Having it at the s扣ne time next Monday.C m we r sa t io n 29.A) Book a taxi.B)Reser v e a room.10.A) I廿s p邸spmt number.B)His friend's ad由ess.S e ctio C)AE,ldng their assistants to attend it.D)Putting it off until next month.C)Order breal<fast for him.D)Keep things for his friend.C)His room number and email address.D)His friend's name and phone number.Directions: In this section you will hear a recorded short passage. The passage is printed in the比st paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be re呱two times. Youare requi1攻ed to put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of thenumbered blanks according to what you hear. Now the passage will begin.We are now about to close th�marketing conference. We owe thanks to every member of staff who made the conference a 11 . We would like to thank all of the speakers who have made 12 and impressive speeches. Our thanks also go to every one of you for your contriputions and your appreciation. The energy and the enthusiasm surrounding this conference have been 13 . And now we'll go back··t o our business and put'those 14 into action. It's time to get back to start working on the ne}..1: phase. All customers are out there waiting for us to 15 .Section DD irections: This section is to test your ability to comprehend short passages. You will hear a recordedpassage. After that you will加ar five questions. Both the passage and the questions will beread two _times. When you胧ar a question, you should complete t加answer to it with aword or a short phrase (in no more than 3 words). The questions and incomplete answersare printed in your test paper. You should write your answers on the Answer Sheet correspondingly. Now listen to t如passage.16.,¥hat should you think carefully about before renting a car?The you need.17.How can you get a best deal and save money when renting a car?B y offered by different cru·rental companies.18.V.'hy are you advised to have the car rental company's phone number?In case you need to19.W血should you remember to do if you are returning the car to an airpo兀？Remember to to check in to yo田flight.20.Why should you fill the gas ta nk before rett1rning the car?To save you extra fuel andPart II S tructure 日0minut e s] Direct ions: Tliis part is to test your ability to constr uct gramm atic咄y correc t senten ces. It con s is ts of2 sectio ns.Sect i o11 ADirecti ons: In this section, tliere are 10 incom plete senten ces. You are requir ed to comple te e a c h_ 9ne by decidin g on the nwst approp忧ate word or words frorrl the 4 choices marked A), BJ, CJ andDJ. T I砌you should 1narlc the correspo nding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrou gh the cente r.21.we are able to under乱tand your career object ives, the more likely we are able to help youachieve them.A)More B)The best C)The better D) Much22.You will not be able to improve your work you are aware of your shortcomings.A)if.. B)unless C) when _ D)since23.The training course to introduce you to the security check at the Airport.A)designs B)be designed C)designed·D)is designed24.other words, if employees feel part of the community, they will care more about it s devel-opment.A)In B)For C)On D)With25.We will provide you识th a training program proposal best !fleets your needs.A)who,,. B)what .C)that D)when26.Nearly every career book advises j ob-seekers to send thank-you letters afterA)interviewed B)being interviewed C)be·interviewed D)to be interviewed27.Before each meeting we will decide on the issue and you will be invited to express寸ewsand suggestions via the website.A)discussed B)to be discussed C)to discuss D)discussing28.The person resume best fits the needs of the employer w诅get a call for an interview.A)whose B)which C)that D)who29.we are living in the big data era, we are able to·collect and analyze as much patient in-formation as possible.A)Even though B)As if C)In that D)Now that30.It has been quite some time since we you at your office in Beijing.A)visit B)visited·C) have visited D)had visited Section BDirections: There are 5 incomplele stat叩ents here. You should fill in each blank with the prop窃扣rm 。
2019年雅思大作文解析及写作范文：每个人都应该上学到18岁
2019年雅思大作文解析及写作范文：每个人都应该上学到18岁Everybody should stay at school until 18 years old. To what extent do you agree or disagree?每个人上学都应该至少到18岁。
你在何种水准上同意或者不同意这个观点?To compete in a global economy young people are expected to be highly educated. Governments in some countries therebefore have implemented or planned to enforce the laws about raising the school leaving age. This movement givesrise to much controversy in the community. In this essay, we will discuss some arguments for and against studying until the age of eighteen.The proposal would help tackle the problem of teenagers leaving education without qualifications or workplace skills. It is not strictly about increasing the 'school' leaving age, but about keeping teens in some kind of education or training until they are 18, most of them full-time, including apprenticeships and work-based training. Especially in this competitive society, obtaining certain qualifications or pursuing higher education is an inevitable trend. If you left school a decade ago with an age under 18 there were loads of jobs you could walk into without qualifications, howeverthat's not going to be the case now and in the future. This fast-changing world needs more professionals to support and develop, and normally students can only be qualified when they finished high school or technical school while reaching 18.Some people, on the other hand, argue that there is no reason to force all 16 year olds to stay in school longer than they need to be there. By the age of sixteen, some students have a strong sense of who they are and what they want to become. Forcing these confident young people to "stay in school" until they turn 18 could actually be deterring them from achieving their career and life goals.In my opinion of view, these so called confident young people under 18 are rare and it is still beneficial for them to receive training for their career preparation. The modern education system cannot afford to neglect those teenagers who currently leave school at 16 unprepared for the rigor and demands of life in the 21st Century.。
2019年六月英语a级考试真题
2019年6月英语A级考试真题深度解析与备考策略The June 2019 English A-Level exam was a comprehensive test of students' language proficiency, focusing on reading comprehension, vocabulary knowledge, grammar application, and writing skills. This article aims to provide a detailed analysis of the exam's key points and offer practical strategies for effective preparation.**Reading Comprehension**The reading section of the exam was challenging, with passages ranging from scientific research articles to cultural essays. To excel in this section, students need to have a solid foundation in vocabulary and grammar. It is also essential to develop reading comprehension skills, such as skimming and scanning, to quickly identify key information. Additionally, practicing with similar materials and timed exercises can help improve reading speed and accuracy.**Vocabulary and Grammar**The vocabulary and grammar sections tested students' knowledge of English language rules and their ability to apply them correctly in context. To prepare for these sections, students should review common grammar mistakes and expand their vocabulary by reading widely and practicing regularly. Creating flashcards, doing quizzes, and participating in language exchanges are also effective methods to improve vocabulary retention and grammar application.**Writing Skills**The writing section required students to demonstrate their ability to structure a coherent argument and express ideas clearly. To excel in this section, students need to practice writing regularly and focus on developing their critical thinking skills. They should also learn to plan and organize their ideas before writing, and pay attention to grammar, spelling, and punctuation errors. Reading sample essays and practicing writing in different styles can helpimprove writing skills.**Practical Strategies for Preparation**To prepare effectively for the exam, students should follow a structured study plan. They should allocate sufficient time to review all sections of the exam, with a focus on areas where they feel weakest. Regular practice with mock exams and timed exercises can help students familiarize themselves with the exam format and improve their speed and accuracy. Additionally, students should maintain a positive attitude and avoid getting overwhelmed by the exam's challenges. Seeking help from teachers, classmates, or online resources can be beneficial in overcoming difficulties.**Conclusion**The June 2019 English A-Level exam was a comprehensive test of students' language proficiency. By focusing on reading comprehension, vocabulary knowledge, grammar application, and writing skills, and adopting effective preparation strategies,students can achieve success in this exam. Remember to stay organized, practice regularly, and maintain a positive mindset throughout the preparation process.**2019年6月英语A级考试真题深度解析与备考策略**2019年6月的英语A级考试是对学生语言水平的一次全面检验，重点考查了阅读理解、词汇知识、语法应用和写作能力。
2019英语真题及解析
2019英语真题及解析A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic inclued settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for exanmle, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,”birds of passage.Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide nemcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigrantion system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place anda family in another.With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably. Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.26 “Birds of passage”refers to those who____[A] immigrate across the Atlantic.[B] leave their home countries for good.[C] stay in a foregin temporaily.[D] find permanent jobs overseas.27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration stystem in the US____[A] needs new immigrant categories.[B] has loosened control over immigrants.[C] should be adopted to meet challenges.[D] has been fixeed via political means.28 According to the author, today’s birds of passage want___[A] fiancial incentives.[B] a global recognition.[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.[D] the freedom to stay and leave.29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __[A] as faithful partners.[B] with economic favors.[C] with regal tolerance.[D] as mighty rivals.30 Chose title.[A] come and go: big mistake.[B] living and thriving : great risk.[C] with or without : great risk.[D] legal or illegal: big mistake.26.【答案】C (stay in a foreign temporarily)【解析】词义句意题。
2019.10.10雅思考题整理(考生回忆版)
2019.10.19雅思考题回忆整理答案仅供参考ListeningSECTION1：旅行咨询（该题被官方改编为两套考题，场景类似）*版本一Questions1-6Complete the form below.Write ONE WORD ONLY for each answer1.moderate2.museum3.mountains4.pool5.flowers6.historyQuestions7-10Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer Things to do-after paying the fee for the trail,you will get a7.map-for a picnic,you can take the bus NO.8.279directly there-you will get off at ke stop-the last bus to return leaves at10.5.30on weekdays*版本二1.Difficulty:moderate2.park with a good view3.pool under the waterfall（两空交替出题）4.museum in the central town5.can see lots of flowers6.cafe and seafood（两空交替）7.you can take the No.279bus directly there.8.today is weekday so the last bust time is5.30pm9.you will get off the bus at the bridge stop10.you will get a map after buying the family ticketSECTION2：参观美术馆11.When was this art gallery open to the publicC.year188812.The former owner of the art gallery wanted it to beC the oil painting13.The biggest capital from donation funded byA local government14.What will be open to public?B Sculpture garden15.Visits’attentionB Tickets should use in a certain time16-20map16multimedia room---E（进门后左手边走廊的中间）17tea house---A18the web room---B19cafe---C（入口正对面）20shop---DSection3学生和老师讨论家具公司21-26单选21.what the company doesC.specialized in XXX products22.How did company W get involved in this department?B.news of article about academic business23.what is the methodology of research?A.check the account24.why did students choose the face-to-face interviewC.less disturbance25.how do they think the software?A.hard to predict26.what is the supervisor's view on the results of their questionnaire?B.it was above average27-30多选27-28.what influence does the new software bring to the company?C.extra staffE.cut labor cost29-30.how do the customers react to the new software?C.more involvement in the designD.save timeSection4城市市政交通规划31-40填空31.buildings affect pedestrian access instead of traffic most32.take into account of the storage/parking33.set up enough warning signs34.signpost in the dark area must be obvious35.some cameras were applied in the past,now boxes for security are installed36.city planning aims to improve the traffic circulation37.remove the graffiti and stickers38.bins shoule be well arranged39.all furniture in the street must be durable40.introduction of regulation and legal requirementReadingPassage1:Thomas young托马斯·杨参考原文及答案：A Thomas Young(1773-1829)contributed63articles to the Encyclopedia Britannica,including46 biographical entries(mostly on scientists and classicists)and substantial essays on “Bridge,”“Chromatics,”“Egypt,”“Languages”and“Tides”.Was someone who could write authoritatively about so many subjects a polymath,a genius or a dilettante?In an ambitious new biography,Andrew Robinson argues that Young is a good contender for the epitaph“the last man who knew everything.”Young has competition,however,the phrase,which Robinson takes for his title.also serves as the subtitle of two other recent biographies:Leonard Warren’s 1998life of paleontologist Joseph Leidy(1823-1891)and Paula Findlen's2004book on Athanasius Kircher(1602-1680),another polymath.B Young,of course,did more than write encyclopedia entries.He presented his first paper to the Royal Society of London at the age of20and was elected a Fellow a week after his21st birthday. In the paper,Young explained the process of accommodation in the human eye-on how the eye focuses properly on objects at varying distances.Young hypothesized that this was achieved by deformation of the crystalline lens.Young also theorized that light traveled in waves and he believed that,to account for the ability to see in color,there must be three receptors in the eye corresponding to the three“principal colors”to which the retina could respond:red,green,violet. All these hypothesis were subsequently proved to be correct.C Later in his life,when he was in his forties,Young was instrumental in cracking the code that unlocked the unknown script on the Rosetta Stone,a tablet that was“found”in Egypt by the Napoleonic army in1799.The stone contains text in three alphabets:Greek,something unrecognizable and Egyptian hieroglyphs.The unrecognizable script is now known as demotic and,as Young deduced,is related directly to hieroglyphic.His initial work on this appeared in his Britannica entry on Egypt.In another entry,he coined the term Indo-European to describe the family of languages spoken throughout most of Europe and northern India.These are the landmark achievements of a man who was a child prodigy and who,unlike many remarkable children,did not disappear into oblivion as an adult.D Born in1773in Somerset in England.Young lived from an early age with his maternal grandfather,eventually leaving to attend boarding school.He had devoured books from the age of two,and through his own initiative he excelled at Latin,Greek,mathematics and natural philosophy.After leaving school,he was greatly encouraged by his mother’s uncle,Richard Brocklesby,a physician and Fellow of the Royal Society.Following Brocklesby’s lead,Young decided to pursue a career in medicine.He studied in London,following the medical circuit,and then moved on to more formal education in Edinburgh,Gottingen and Cambridge.After completing his medical training at the University of Cambridge in1808,Young set up practice as aphysician in London.He soon became a Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and a few years later was appointed physician at St.George’s Hospital.E Young’s skill as a physician,however,did not equal his skill as a scholar of natural philosophy or linguistics.Earlier,in1801,he had been appointed to a professorship of natural philosophy at the Royal Institution,where he delivered as many as60lectures in a year.These were published in two volumes in1807.In1804Young had become secretary to the Royal Society,a post he would hold until his death.His opinions were sought on civic and national matters,such as the introduction of gas lighting to London and methods of ship construction.From1819he was superintendent of the Nautical Almanac and secretary to the Board of Longitude.From1824to 1829he was physician to and inspector of calculations for the Palladian Insurance Company. Between1816and1825he contributed his many and various entries to the Encyclopedia Britannica,and throughout his career he authored numerous books,essays and papers.F Young is a perfect subject for a biography-perfect,but daunting.Robinson’s aim is to introduce non-scientists to Young’s work and life.He succeeds,providing clear expositions of the technical material(especially that on optics and Egyptian hieroglyphs)and peppering bland narratives of professional disputes with,for instance,asides about visiting Erasmus Darwin or having dinner with Lord Elgin.The story Robinson tells relies on a model of science in which there were clear winners and losers.This might have been tempered by a more reflexive analysis about Young’s sense of his own ambitions and achievements.Some readers of this book will,like Robinson,find Young's accomplishments impressive,others will see him as some historians have-as a dilettante. Yet despite the rich material presented in this book,readers will not end up knowing Young personally.We catch glimpses of a playful Young,doodling Greek and Latin phrases in his notes on medical lectures and translating the verses that a young lady had written on the walls of a summerhouse into Greek elegiacs.Young was introduced into elite society,attended the theatre and learned to dance and play the flute.In addition,he was an accomplished horseman.However, his personal life looks pale next to his vibrant career and studies.G Young married Eliza Maxwell in1804,and according to Robinson,“their marriage was a happy one and she appreciated his work.”Almost all we know about her is that she sustained her husband through some rancorous disputes about optics and that she worried about money when his medical career was slow to take off.Very little evidence survives about the complexities of Young’s relationships with his mother and father.Robinson does not credit them,or anyone else, with shaping Young’s extraordinary mind.Despite the lack of details concerning Young’s relationships,however,anyone interested in what it means to be a genius should read this book.1-5：TRUE、FALSE、FALSE、NOT GIVEN、TRUE6-10：TRUE、NOT GIVEN、46、human eye、Indo-European11-13：Richard、Royal Institution、gas lightingPassage2:儿童食品广告参考原文及答案：A Children’s food promotion is dominated by television advertising,and the great majority of this promotes the so-called“Big Four”of pre-sugared breakfast cereals,soft-drinks,confectionary and savoury snacks snacks.In the last ten years advertising for fast food outlets has rapidly increased.There is some evidence that the dominance of television has recently begun to wane.The importance of strong,global branding reinforces a need for multi-faceted communications combing television with merchandising,“tie-ins”and point of sate activity.The advertised diet contrasts sharply with that recommended by public health advisors,and themes of fun and fantasy or taste,rather than health and nutrition,are used to promote it to children.Meanwhile,the recommended diet gets little promotional support.B There is plenty of evidence that children notice and enjoy food promotion. However,establishing this actually influences them is a complex problem.The review tackled it by looking at studies that had examined possible effects on what children know about food,their food preferences,their actual food behaviour(both buying and eating),an health outcomes(eg. obesity or cholesterol levels)In terms of nutritional knowledge,food advertising seems to have little influence on children’s general perceptions of what constitutes a healthy diet,but,in certain contexts,it does have an effect on more specific types of nutritional knowledge.For example,seeing soft drink and cereal adverts reduced primary aged children’s ability to determine correctly whether or not certain products contained real fruit.C The review also found evidence that food promotion influences children’s food preferences and their purchase behavior.A study of primary school children,for instance,found that exposure to advertising influenced which foods they claimed to like;and another showed that labelling and signage on a vending machine had an effect on what was bought by secondary school pupils.A number of studies have also shown that food advertising can influence what children eat.One,for example,showed that advertising influenced a primary class‘s choice of daily snack playtime.D The next step,of trying to establish whether or not a link exists between food promotion and diet or obesity,is extremely difficult as it requires research to be done in real world settings.A number of studies have attempted this by using amount of television as proxy for exposure to television advertising-they have established a clear link between television viewing and diet obesity,and cholesterol levels.It impossible to say,however,whether this effect is caused by the advertising,the sedentary nature of television viewing or snacking that might take place whilst viewing.One study resolved this problem by taking a detailed diary of children’s viewing habits.This showed that the more food adverts they saw,the more snacks and calories they consumed.E Thus the literature does suggest food promotion is influencing children’s diet a number of ways.This does not amount to proof,as noted above with this kind of research,incontrovertible proof simply isn’t attainable.Nor do all studies to this conclusion;several have not found an effect. In addition,very few studies have attempted to measure ho strong these effects are relative to other factors influencing children’s food choices.Nonetheless,many studies have found dear effects and they have used sophisticated methodologies that make it possible to determine that i) these effects are not just due to chance;ii)they are independent of other factors that mayinfluence diet,such as parents’eating habits or attitudes;and iii)they occur at a brand and category level.F furthermore,two factors suggest that these findings actually downplay the effect that food promotion has on children.First,the literature focuses principally on television advertising;the cumulative effect of this combined with other forms of promotion and marketing is likely to be significantly greater.Second,the studies have looked at direct effects on individual children,and understate indirect influences.For example,promotion for fast food outlets may not only influence the child,but also encourage parents to take them for meals and reinforce the idea that this is a normal and desirable behaviour.G This does not amount to proof of an effect,but in our view does provide sufficient evidence to conclude that an effect exists.The debate should now shift to what action is needed,and specifically to how the power of commercial marketing can be used to bring about improvements in young people’s eating.1-7：viii、ii、vi、v、i、x、iii8-13：NO、NO、YES、NOT GIVEN、YES、NOT GIVENPassage3:做决定A widely recognised legend tells us that in Gordium(in what is now Turkey)in the fourth century BC an oxcart was roped to a pole with a complex knot.It was said that the first person to untie it would become the king of Asia.Unfortunately,the knot proved impossible to untie.The story continues that when confronted with this problem,rather than deliberating on how to untie the Gordian knot.Alexander,the famous ruler of the Greeks in the ancient world,simply took out his sword and cut it in two-then went on to conquer Asia.Ever since,the notion of a‘Gordian solution’has referred to the attractiveness of a simple answer to an otherwise intractable problem.Among researchers in the psychology of decision making,however,such solutions have traditionally held little appeal.In particular,the‘conflict model’of decision making proposed by psychologists Irving Janis and Leon Mann in their1977book,Decision Making,argued that a complex decision making process is essential for guarding individuals and groups from the peril of ‘group-think’.Decisions made without thorough canvassing,surveying,weighing,examining and reexamining relevant information and options would be suboptimal and often disastrous. One foreign affairs decision made by a well-known US political leader in the1960s is typically held us as an example of the perils of inadequate thought,whereas his successful handling of a later crisis is cited as an example of the advantages of careful deliberation.However,examination of these historical events by Peter Suedfield,a psychologist at the University of British Columbia, and Roderick Kramer,a psychologist at the Stanford Graduate School of Business,found little difference in the two decision-making processes;both crises required and received complex consideration by the political administration,but later only the second one was deemed to be the effective.In general,however,organizational and political science offer little evidence that complex decisions fare better than simpler ones.In fact,a growing body of work suggests that in many situations simple‘snap’decisions will be routinely superior to more complex ones-an idea that gained widespread public appeal with Malcolm Gladwell’s best-selling book Blink(2005).An article by Ap Dijksterhuis of the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues,‘On Making the Right Choice:the Deliberation-without-attention Effect’,runs very much in the spirit of Gladwell’s influential text.Its core argument is that to be effective,conscious(deliberative)decision making requires cognitive resources.Because increasingly complex decisions place increasing strain on those resources,the quality of our decisions declines as their complexity increases.In short,complex decisions overrun our cognitive powers.On the other hand,unconscious decision making(what the author refer to as‘deliberation without attention’)requires no cognitive resources,so task complexity does not degrade effectiveness.The seemingly counterintuitive conclusion is that although conscious thought enhances simple decisions,the opposite holds true for more complex decisions.Dijksterhuis reports four simple but elegant studies supporting this argument.In one,participants assessed the quality of four hypothetical cars by considering either four attributes(a simple task) or12attributes(a complex task).Among participants who considered four attributes,those who were allowed to engage in undistracted deliberative thought did better at discriminating between the best and worst cars.Those who were distracted and thus unable to deliberate had to rely on their unconscious thinking and did less well.The opposite pattern emerged when people considered12criteria.In this case,conscious deliberation led to inferior discrimination and poor decisions.In other study,Dijksterhuis surveyed people shopping for clothes(‘simple’products)and furniture(‘complex’products).Compared with those who said they had deliberated long and hard,shoppers who bought with little conscious deliberation felt less happy with their simple clothing purchase but happier with the complex furniture purchases.Deliberation without attention actually produced better results as the decisions became more complex.From there,however,the researchers take a big leap.They write:There is no reason to assume that the deliberation-without-attention effect does not generalize to other types of choices-political,managerial or otherwise.In such cases,it should benefit the individual to think consciously about simple matters and to delegate thinking about more complicated matters to the unconscious.This radical inference contradicts standard political and managerial theory but doubtless comforts those in politics and management who always find the simple solution to the complex problem an attractive proposition.Indeed,one suspects many of our political leaders already embrace this wisdom.Still it is there,in the realms of society and its governance,that the more problematic implications of deliberation without attention begin to surface.Variables that can be neatlycircumscribed in decisions about shopping lose clarity in a world of group dynamics,social interaction,history and politics.Two pertinent questions arise.First,what counts as a complex decision?And second,what counts as a good outcome?As social psychologist Kurt Lewin(1890-1947)noted,a‘good’decision that nobody respects is actually bad.His classic studies of decision making showed that participating in deliberative processes makes people more likely to abide by the results.The issue here is that when political decision makers make mistakes,it is their politics,or the relation between their politics and our own,rather than psychology which is at fault.Gladwell’s book and Dijksterhuis’s paper are invaluable in pointing out the limitations of the conventional wisdom that decision quality rises with decision-making complexity.But this work still tempts us to believe that decision making is simply a matter of psychology,rather than also a question of politics,ideology and group membership.Avoiding social considerations in a search for general appeal can take us away from enlightenment rather than toward it.27-31：B、B、C、B、D32-35：A、D、G、B36-40：NO、NOT GIVEN、NOT GIVEN、YES、NOT GIVENWriting：小作文：地图题表现一个乡村的变化大作文：同意与否The best way to reduce crime committed by young adults is to teach parents parenting skills.To what extent do you agree or disagree?。
2019雅思阅读考试真题(12)
2019年雅思阅读模拟试题：段落标题(2) The Problem of Scarce ResourcesSection AThe problem of how health-care resources should be allocated or apportioned, so that they are distributed in both the most just and most efficient way, is not a new one. Every health system in an economically developed society is faced with the need to decide (either formally or informally) what proportion of the community's total resources should be spent on health-care; how resources are to be apportioned; what diseases and disabilities and which forms of treatment are to be given priority; which members of the community are to be given special consideration in respect of their health needs; and which forms of treatment are the most cost-effective.Section BWhat is new is that, from the 1950s onwards, there have been certain general changes in outlook about the finitude of resources as a whole and of health-care resources in particular, as well as more specific changes regarding the clientele of health-care resources and the cost to the community of those resources. Thus, in the 1950s and 1960s, there emerged an awareness in Western societies that resources for the provision of fossil fuel energy were finite and exhaustible and that the capacity of nature or the environment to sustain economic development and population was also finite. In other words, we became aware of the obvious fact that there were 'limits to growth'. The newconsciousness that there were also severe limits to health-care resources was part of this general revelation of the obvious. Looking back, it now seems quite incredible that in the national health systems that emerged in many countries in the years immediately after the 1939-45 World War, it was assumed without question that all the basic health needs of any community could be satisfied, at least in principle; the 'invisible hand' of economic progress would provide.Section CHowever, at exactly the same time as this newrealisation of the finite character of health-care resources was sinking in, an awareness of a contrary kind was developing in Western societies： that people have a basic right to health-care as a necessary condition of a proper human life. Like education, political and legal processes and institutions, public order, communication, transport and money supply, health-care came to be seen as one of the fundamental social facilities necessary for people to exercise their other rights as autonomous human beings. People are not in a position to exercise personal liberty and to be self-determining if they are poverty-stricken, or deprived of basic education, or do not live within a context of law and order. In the same way, basic health-care is a condition of the exercise of autonomy.Section DAlthough the language of 'rights' sometimes leads to confusion, by the late 1970s it was recognised in most societies that people have a right to health-care (though there has been considerable resistance in the United Statesto the idea that there is a formal right to health-care). Itis also accepted that this right generates an obligation or duty for the state to ensure that adequate health-care resources are provided out of the public purse. The state has no obligation to provide a health-care system itself, but to ensure that such a system is provided. Put another way, basic health-care is now recognised as a 'public good', rather than a 'private good' that one is expected to buy for oneself. As the 1976 declaration of the World Health Organisation put it：'The enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of healthis one of the fundamental rights of every human being without distinction of race, religion, political belief, economic or social condition.' As has just been remarked, in a liberal society basic health is seen as one of the indispensable conditions for the exercise of personal autonomy.Section EJust at the time when it became obvious that health-care resources could not possibly meet the demands being made upon them, people were demanding that their fundamental right to health-care be satisfied by the state. The second set of more specific changes that have led to the present concern aboutthe distribution of health-care resources stems from the dramatic rise in health costs in most OECD countries, accompanied by large-scale demographic and social changes which have meant, to take one example, that elderly peopleare now major (and relatively very expensive) consumers of health-care resources. Thus in OECD countries as a whole, health costs increased from 3.8% of GDP in 1960 to 7% of GDPin 1980, and it has been predicted that the proportion of health costs to GDP will continue to increase. (In the US thecurrent figure is about 12% of GDP, and in Australia about 7.8% of GDR.)As a consequence, during the 1980s a kind of doomsday scenario (analogous to similar doomsday extrapolations about energy needs and fossil fuels or about population increases) was projected by health administrators, economists and politicians. In this scenario, ever-rising health costs were matched against static or declining resources.。
2019年6月1日雅思写作真题分析及参考答案
Human activities have negative effects on plant and animal sp ecies. Some people think it is too late to do anything about thi s problem. Others believe effective measures can be taken to i mprove this situation. Discuss both views and give your opinio n. （2019/06/01）解析：这篇考题之前真题出现过，看来以往真题的重要性不言而喻。
这篇主要考人类活动和动植物被破坏的关系问题。
其实，雅思写作无论考什么话题，对写作的能力考查是不变的，就是语言词汇、语法、结构及论证逻辑。
至于观点对不对或者说话题内容有没有独特性，都没有太大关系，核心在于你这样说，要有理有据，要说服别人，自己先要被说服。
参考范文：With the developmentof human society, pants and animals are so negatively affected by activities of human that some of them have disappeared for ever.The situation has led us to think more about the life of pants and animals: what to do? Some argue that it is too late to do anything to change the condition; others maintain that there are many measures for us to take for improving that.Personally, we should keep positive attitudes towards the future in terms of balance between human activities and protection of other species. Firstly, when adopting some city development plans, we should take into account the possibility of their affecting plans and animals. When we plan to construct concrete buildings, we should do our best to develop more nature reserves for plants and animals.Secondly, schools, departments and research institutes should make efforts to raise awareness in common people of the ecological importance of plants and animals so as to mobilize them to engage in protection work.Lastly, the government should create and implement a plan for the ecological restoration of natural areas, and establish and improve mechanisms for the restoration and comprehensive management of mountains, forests, lakes and grasslands where plants and animals can live and reproduce.In conclusion, I am confident that the future for human and other species is bright if we take immediate and responsible actions now.（229 words）。
2019年6月A级真题及答案解析
art I I..J i st eni11g C．01n p r c l1e11s10[20 minut e s] Directions: This part is to test your lis砌ing ability. It consfats of 4 sections.Section 1-\Directions: T h is section is to test you1书ability to understand s加rt dialogues. The re are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each di啦gue,t加re is a recorded question. Both the dialogues·andquestions wil l be spok勿i only once. When you hear a question, you s加uld decide on thecon·ect answ研介01n t加4clwices marked AJ, BJ, CJ and DJ given in your test p a per.Then you s加uld mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the center.Example: You will he吓You而U read: A) New York City. CJ An air trip.BJ An evening party. DJ The man's job.肝om t加dialogue we learn that the man is to take a flight to New York. Therefore, C) An air trip is the co灯ect answer. You sho讥d mark CJ on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the cen阮．Now the test will begin.1.A) Prepare the docurnen区B)Book a room for the meeting.2.A) He is going to a party.B)He is making a plan.3.A) The job is interesting.B)The enviromnent is friendly.4.A) The labour cost has risen.B)The income tax has gone up.5.A) Lowering the product price.B)Conducting a market sUIVey.Section B[A][B]伺[D]C)沁k all the managers to attend the meeting.D)Make several copies of the meeting agendaC)He likes to go to the cinema.D)He can't attend the lecture.C)The salary is attractive.D)The colleagues are nice.C)The management cost is on the rise.D)The raw material is in short SUJ:>ply.C)Making a promotion plan.D)Improving the product design.Directions: This section is to test your ability to understand short conversations. There are 2 recorded conversations in it. After each conversation, there are some recorded questions. Both theconversations and questions will be spoken two times: When you hear a question, youshould decide on加correct answer from the 4 choices marked AJ, BJ, CJ and DJ given inyour比st paper. Then you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center. Now listen to the conversations.C o n ver s ation 16.A) He is away on business.B)He is having a meeting.7.A) His flight has been cancelled.B)He has to meet his lawyer.C)He is visiting a client.D)He is on sick leave.C)He was iltjtrred in an accident.D)He is suffering from a fever.8.A) HoldiJ.1g a telephone meetiI1g instead.B)Having it at the s扣ne time next Monday.C m we r sa t io n 29.A) Book a taxi.B)Reser v e a room.10.A) I廿s p邸spmt number.B)His friend's ad由ess.S e ctio C)AE,ldng their assistants to attend it.D)Putting it off until next month.C)Order breal<fast for him.D)Keep things for his friend.C)His room number and email address.D)His friend's name and phone number.Directions: In this section you will hear a recorded short passage. The passage is printed in the比st paper, but with some words or phrases missing. The passage will be re呱two times. Youare requi1攻ed to put the missing words or phrases on the Answer Sheet in order of thenumbered blanks according to what you hear. Now the passage will begin.We are now about to close th�marketing conference. We owe thanks to every member of staff who made the conference a 11 . We would like to thank all of the speakers who have made 12 and impressive speeches. Our thanks also go to every one of you for your contriputions and your appreciation. The energy and the enthusiasm surrounding this conference have been 13 . And now we'll go back··t o our business and put'those 14 into action. It's time to get back to start working on the ne}..1: phase. All customers are out there waiting for us to 15 .Section DD irections: This section is to test your ability to comprehend short passages. You will hear a recordedpassage. After that you will加ar five questions. Both the passage and the questions will beread two _times. When you胧ar a question, you should complete t加answer to it with aword or a short phrase (in no more than 3 words). The questions and incomplete answersare printed in your test paper. You should write your answers on the Answer Sheet correspondingly. Now listen to t如passage.16.,¥hat should you think carefully about before renting a car?The you need.17.How can you get a best deal and save money when renting a car?B y offered by different cru·rental companies.18.V.'hy are you advised to have the car rental company's phone number?In case you need to19.W血should you remember to do if you are returning the car to an airpo兀？Remember to to check in to yo田flight.20.Why should you fill the gas ta nk before rett1rning the car?To save you extra fuel andPart II S tructure 日0minut e s] Direct ions: Tliis part is to test your ability to constr uct gramm atic咄y correc t senten ces. It con s is ts of2 sectio ns.Sect i o11 ADirecti ons: In this section, tliere are 10 incom plete senten ces. You are requir ed to comple te e a c h_ 9ne by decidin g on the nwst approp忧ate word or words frorrl the 4 choices marked A), BJ, CJ andDJ. T I砌you should 1narlc the correspo nding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrou gh the cente r.21.we are able to under乱tand your career object ives, the more likely we are able to help youachieve them.A)More B)The best C)The better D) Much22.You will not be able to improve your work you are aware of your shortcomings.A)if.. B)unless C) when _ D)since23.The training course to introduce you to the security check at the Airport.A)designs B)be designed C)designed·D)is designed24.other words, if employees feel part of the community, they will care more about it s devel-opment.A)In B)For C)On D)With25.We will provide you识th a training program proposal best !fleets your needs.A)who,,. B)what .C)that D)when26.Nearly every career book advises j ob-seekers to send thank-you letters afterA)interviewed B)being interviewed C)be·interviewed D)to be interviewed27.Before each meeting we will decide on the issue and you will be invited to express寸ewsand suggestions via the website.A)discussed B)to be discussed C)to discuss D)discussing28.The person resume best fits the needs of the employer w诅get a call for an interview.A)whose B)which C)that D)who29.we are living in the big data era, we are able to·collect and analyze as much patient in-formation as possible.A)Even though B)As if C)In that D)Now that30.It has been quite some time since we you at your office in Beijing.A)visit B)visited·C) have visited D)had visited Section BDirections: There are 5 incomplele stat叩ents here. You should fill in each blank with the prop窃扣rm 。
2019年6月、12月大学英语六级真题及答案解析(完整版)
2019年6月、12月大学英语六级真题及答案解析（完整版）Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of having a sense of community responsibility.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections:In this section, you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions l to 4 are based on the conversations you have just heard.1.A) It focuses exclusively on jazz.B) It sponsors major jazz concerts.C) It has several branches in London.D) It displays albums by new music talents.2.A) It originated with cowboys.B) Its market has now shrunk.C) Its listeners are mostly young people.D) It remains as widespread as hip hop music.3.A) Its definition is varied and complicated.B) It is still going through experimentation.C) It is frequently accompanied by singing.D) Its style has remained largely unchanged.4.A) Learn to play them.B) Take music lessons.C) Listen to them yourself.D) Consul jazz musicians.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversations you have just heard.5.A) She paid her mortgage.B) She called on the man.C) She made a business plan.D) She went to the bank.6.A) Her previous debt hadn’t been cleared yet.B) Her credit history was considered poor.C) She had apparently asked for too much.D) She didn’t pay her mortgage in time.7.A) Pay a debt long overdue.B) Buy a piece of property.C) Start her own business.D) Check her credit history.8.A) Seek advice from an expert about fund raising.B) Ask for smaller loans from different lenders.C) Build up her own finances step by step.D) Revise her business proposal carefully.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) It is profitable and environmentally friendly.B) It is well located and completely automated.C) It is small and unconventional.D) It is fertile and productive.10.A) Their urge to make farming more enjoyable.B) Their desire to improve farming equipment.C) Their hope to revitalize traditional farming.D) Their wish to set a new farming standard11.A) It saves a lot of electricity.B) It needs little maintenance.C) It causes hardly any pollution.D) It loosens soil while weeding.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A) It has turned certain insects into a new food source.B) It has started on expand business outside the UK.C) It has imported some exotic foods from overseas.D) It has joined hands with Sainsbury’s to sell pet insects.13.A) It was really unforgettable.B) It was a pleasant surprise.C) It hurt his throat slightly.D) It made him feel strange.14.A) They are more tasty than beef, chicken or pork.B) They are more nutritious than soups and salads.C) They contain more protein than conventional meats.D) They will soon gain popularity throughout the world.15.A) It is environmentally friendly.B) It is a promising industry.C It requires new technology.D) It saves huge amounts of labour.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.The recording will be played only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)To categorize different types of learners.B) To find out what students prefer to learn.C) To understand the mechanism of the human brain.D) To see if they are inherent traits affecting learning.17.A) It was defective.B)It was misguided.C) It was original in design.D) It was thought-provoking.18.A) Auditory aids are as important as visual aids.B) Visual aids are helpful to all types of learners.C) Reading plain texts is more effective than viewing pictures.D) Scientific concepts are hard to understand without visual aids.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) Not playing a role in a workplace revolution.B) Not benefiting from free-market capitalism.C) Not earning enough money to provide for the family.D) Not spending enough time on family life and leisure.20.A) People would be working only fifteen hours a week now.B) The balance of power in the workplace would change.C) Technological advances would create many new jobs.D) Most workers could afford to have a house of their own.21.A) Loss of workers’personal dignity.B) Deprivation of workers’ creativity.C) Deterioration of workers’ mental health.D) Unequal distribution of working hours.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22.A) It is the worst managed airport in German history.B) It is now the biggest and busiest airport in Europe.C) It has become something of a joke among Germans.D) It has become a typical symbol of German efficiency.23.A) The city’s airports are outdated.B) The city had just been reunified.C) The city wanted to boost its economy.D) The city wanted to attract more tourists.24.A) The municipal government kept changing hands.B) The construction firm breached the contract.C) Shortage of funding delayed its construction.D) Problems of different kinds kept popping up.25.A) Tourism industry in Berlin suffers.B)All kinds of equipment gets rusted.C) Huge maintenance costs accumulate.D) Complaints by local residents increase.Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks.You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage through carefully before making your choices.Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre.You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The number of devices you can talk to is multiplying—first it was your phone, then your car, and now you can tell your kitchen appliances what to do.But even without gadgets that understand our spoken commands, research suggests that, as bizarre as it sounds, under certain 26 , people regularly ascribe human traits to everyday objects.Sometimes we see things as human because we are 27 .In one experiment, people who reported feeling isolated were more likely than others to attribute 28 to various gadgets.In turn, feeling close to objects can 29 loneliness.When college students were reminded of a time they had been 30 in a social setting, they compensated by exaggerating their number of friends—unless they were first given tasks that caused them to interact with their phone as if it had human qualities.According to the researchers, the participants' phones 31 substituted for real friends.At other times, we personify products in an effort to understand them.One study found that three in four respondents yelled at their computer.Further, the more their computer gave them problems, the more likely the respondents were to report that it had its own “beliefs and 32 .”So how do people assign traits to an object? In part, we rely on looks.On humans, wide faces are 33 with dominance.Similarly, people rated cars, clocks, and watches with wide faces as more dominant-looking than narrow-faced ones, and preferred them—especially in 34 situations.An analysis of car sales in Germany found that cars with gills (护栅) that were upturned like smiles sold best.The purchasers saw this 35 as increasing a car's friendliness.A) alleviate I) desiresB) apparently J) excludedC) arrogant K) featureD) associated L) lonelyE) circumstances M) separateF) competitive N) spectacularlyG) conceded O) warrantH) consciousnessSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.[A] Though he didn’t come from a farming family, from a young age Tim Joseph was fascinated by the idea of living off the land.Reading magazines like The Stockman Grass Farmer and Graze, he got hooked on the idea of grass-fed agriculture.The idea that all energy and wealth comes from the sun really intrigued him He thought theshorter the distance between the sun and the end product, the higher the profit to the farmer.[B] Joseph wanted to put this theory to the test.In 2009, he and his wife Laura launched Maple Hill Creamery, an organic, all grass-fed yogurt company in northern New York.He quickly learned what the market has demonstrated: Demand forgrass-fed products currently exceeds supply.Grass-fed beef is enjoying a 25-30% annual growth rate.Sales of grass-fed yogurt and kefir (发酵乳饮品) on the other hand, have in the last year increased by over 38%.This is in comparison with a drop of just under 1% in the total yogurt and kefir market according to natural and organic market research company SPINS.Joseph’s top priority became getting his hands on enough grass-fed milk to keep customers satisfied, since his own 64-cow herd wasn’t going to suffice[C] His first partnership was with Paul and Phyllis Amburgh, owners of the Dharma Lea farm in New York.The Amburghs, too, were true believers in grass-fed.In addition to supplying milk from their own 85-head herd, they began to help other farmers in the area convent from conventional to certified organic and grass-fed in order to enter the Maple Hill supply chain.Since 2010, the couple has helped 125 small dairy farms convert to grass-fed, with more than 80% of those farms coming on board during the last two years.[D] All this conversion has helped Maple Hill grow 40-50% every year since it began with no end in sight.Joseph has learned that a farmer has to have a certain mindset to successfully convert.But convincing open-minded dairy people is actually not that hard, when you look at the economics.Grass-fed milk can fetch up to 2.5 times the price of conventional milk.Another factor is the squeeze that conventional dairy farmers have felt as the price of grain they feed their cows has gone up, tightening their profit margins.By replacing expensive grain feed with regenerative management practices, grass-fed farmers are insulated from jumps in the price of feed.These practices include grazing animals on grasses grown from the pastureland’s natural seed bunk, and fertilized by the cows’own fertilizer[E] Champions of this type of regenerative grazing also point to its animal welfare, climate and health benefits: Grass-fed animals live longer out of confinement.Grazing herds stimulate microbial (微生物的) activity in the soil, helping to capture water and separate carbon.And grass-fed dairy and meat have been shown to be higher in certain nutrients and healthy fats.[F] In the grass fed system, farmers are also not subject to the wildly fluctuating milk prices of the international commodity market.The unpredictability of global demand and the lag-time it takes to add more cows to a herd to meet demand can result in events like the recent cheese surplus.Going grass-fed is a safe refuge, a way forfamily-scale farms to stay ually a farmer will get to the point where financially, what they’re doing is not working.That’s when they call Maple Hill.If the farm is well managed and has enough land, and the desire to convert is sincere, a relationship can begin.Through regular regional educational meetings, a large annual meeting, individual farm visits and thousands of phone calls, the Amburghs pass on the principles of pasture management.Maple Hill signs a contract pledging to buy the farmer’s milk at a guaranteed base price, plus quality premiums and incentives for higher protein, butter fat and other solids.[G] While Maple Hill's conversion program is unusually hands on and comprehensive, it’s just one of a growing number of businesses committed to slowly changing the way America farms.Joseph calls sharing his knowledge network through peer-to-peer learning a core piece of the company’s st summer, Massachusettsgrass-fed beef advocate John Smith launched Big Picture Beef, a network of small grass-fed beef farms in New England and New York that is projected to bring to market 2,500 head of cattle from 125 producers this year.Early indications are that Smith will have no shortage of farm members.Since he began to informally announce the network at farming conferences and on social media, he’s received a steady stream of inquiries from interested farmers.[H] Smith says he’ll provide services ranging from formal seminars to on-farm workshops on holistic (整体的) management, to one-on-one hand-holding and an almost 24/7 phone hotline for farmers who are converting.In exchange, he guarantees an above-market price for each animal and a calf-to-customer electronic ear tag ID system like that used in the European Union.[1] Though advocates portray grass fed products as a win-win situation for all, they do have downsides.Price, for one, is an issue.Joseph says his products are priced10-20% above organic versions, but depending on the product chosen, compared to non-organic conventional yogurt, consumers could pay a premium of 30-50% or more for grass-fed.As for the meat, Smith says his grass-fed hamburger will be priced20-25% over the conventional alternative.But a look at the prices on online grocer Fresh Direct suggests a grass-fed premium of anywhere from 35-60%,[J] And not every farmer has the option of going grass-fed.For both beef and dairy production it requires, at least in the beginning, more pastureland.Grass-fed beef production tends to be more labor-intensive as well.But Smith counters that if you factor in the hidden cost of government corn subsidies, environment degradation, and decreased human heath and animal welfare, grass-fed is the more cost-effective model.“The sun provides the lowest cost of production and the cheapest meat,”he says.[K] Another grass-fed booster spurring farmers to convert is EPIC, which makes meat-based protein bars.Founders Taylor Collins and his wife, Katie Forrest, used to be endurance athletes; now they’re advocates of grass-fed meat.Soon after launching EPIC’S most successful product - the Bison Bacon Cranberry Bar - Collins and Forrest found they’d exhausted their sources for bison (北美野牛) raised exclusively on pasture.When they started researching the supply chain, they learned that only 2-3% of all bison is actually grass-fed.The rest is feed-lot confined and fed grain and corn.[L] But after General Mills bought EPIC in 2016, Collins and Forrest suddenly had the resources they needed to expand their supply chain.So the company teamed up with Wisconsin-based rancher Northstar Bison.EPIC fronted the money for the purchase of $2.5 million worth of young bison that will be raised according to its grass-fed protocols, with a guaranteed purchase price.The message to young people who might not otherwise be able to afford to break into the business is,“You can purchase this $3 million piece of land here, because I’m guaranteeing you today you'll have 1,000 bison on it.’We’re bringing new blood into the old, conventional farming ecosystem, which is really cool to see,”Collins explains.36.Farmers going grass-fed are not affected by the ever-changing milk prices of the global market.37.Over the years, Tim Joseph’s partners have helped many dairy farmers to switch to grass-fed.38.One advocate believes that many other benefits should be taken into consideration when we assess the cost-effectiveness of grass-fed farming.39.Many dairy farmers were persuaded to switch to grass-fed when they saw its advantage in terms of profits.40.Tim Joseph’s grass-fed program is only one example of how American farming practice is changing.41.Tim Joseph was fascinated by the notion that sunlight brings energy and wealth to mankind.42.One problem with grass-fed products is that they are usually more expensive than conventional ones.43.Grass fed products have proved to be healthier and more nutritious.44.When Tim Joseph started his business, he found grass-fed products fell short of demand.45.A snack bar producer discovered that the supply of purely grass-fed bison met was scarce.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）.You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Schools are not just a microcosm(缩影) of society: they mediate it too.The best seek to alleviate the external pressures on their pupils while equipping them better to understand and handle the world outside-- at once sheltering them and broadening their horizons.This is ambitious in any circumstances.and in a divided and unequal society the two ideals can clash outright(直接地).Trips that many adults would consider the adventure of a lifetime-treks in Borneo, a sports tour to Barbados-appear to have become almost routine at some state schools.Parents are being asked for thousands of pounds.Though schools cannot profit from these trips, the companies that arrange them do.Meanwhile, pupils arrive at school hungry because their families can’t afford breakfast.The Child Poverty Action Group says nine out of 30 in every classroom fall below the poverty line.The discrepancy is startlingly apparent.Introducing a fundraising requirement for students does not help, as better-off children can tap up richer aunts and neighbours.Probing the rock pools of a local beach or practising French on a language exchange can fire children’s passions, boost their skills and open their eyes to life’s cational outings help bright but disadvantaged students to get better scores in A-level tests.In this globalised age, there is a good case for international travel.and some parents say they can manage the cost of a school trip abroad more easily than a family holiday.Even in the face of immense and mounting financial pressures.some schools have shown remarkable determination and ingenuity in ensuring that all their pupils are able to take up opportunities that may be trulylife-changing.They should be applauded.Methods such as whole-schoolfundraising.with the proceeds(收益) pooled, can help to extend opportunities and fuel community spirit.But ￡3,000 trips cannot be justified when the average income for families with children is just over ￡30,000.Such initiatives close doors for many pupils.Some parents pull their children out of school because of expensive field trips.Even parents who can see that a trip is little more than a party or celebration may well feel guilt that their child is left behind.The Department for Education’s guidance says schools can charge only for board and lodging if the trip is part of the syllabus, and that students receiving government aid are exempt from these costs.However, many schools seem to ignore the advice; and it does not cover the kind of glamorous, exotic trips.which are becoming increasingly common.Schools cannot be expected to bring together communities single-handed.But the least we should expect is that they do not foster divisions and exclude those who are already disadvantaged.46.What does the author say best schools should do?A) Prepare students to both challenge and change the divided unequal society.B) Protect students from social pressures and enable them to face the world.C) Motivate students to develop their physical as well as intellectual abilities.D) Encourage students to be ambitious and help them to achieve their goals.47.What does the author think about school field trips?A) They enable students from different backgrounds to mix with each other.B)They widen the gap between privileged and disadvantaged students.C) They give the disadvantaged students a chance to see the world.D) They only benefit students with rich relatives and neighbours.48.What does the author suggest can help build community spirit?A) Events aiming to improve community services.B) Activities that help to fuel students’ ingenuity.C) Events that require mutual understanding.D) Activities involving all students on campus.49.What do we learn about low-income parents regarding school field trips?A) They want their children to participate even though they don’t see much benefit.B) They don’t want their kids to participate but find it hard to keep them from going.C) They don’t want their kids to miss any chance to broaden their horizons despite the cost.D)They want their children to experience adventures but they don’t want them to run risks,50.What is the author’s expectation of schools?A) Bringing a community together with ingenuity.B) Resolving the existing discrepancies in society.C) Avoiding creating new gaps among students.D) Giving poor students preferential treatment.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Rising temperatures and overfishing in the pristine(未受污染的) waters around the Antarctic could see king penguin populations pushed to the brink of extinction by the end of the century, according to a new study.The study’s report states that as global warming transforms the environment in the world’s last great wilderness, 70 percent of king penguins could either disappear or be forced to find new breeding grounds. Co-author Céline Le Bohec, from the University of Strasbourg in France, warned:“If there’re no actions aimed at haling or controlling global warming, and the pace of the current human- induced changes such as climate change and overfishing stays thesame, the species may son disappear.”The findings come amid growing concern over the future of the Antarctic.Earlier this month a separate study found that a combination of climate change and industrial fishing is threatening the krill (磷虾) population in Antarctic waters, with a potentially disastrous impact on whales, seals and penguins.But today’s report is the starkest warning yet of the potentially devastating impact of climate change and human exploitation on the Antarctic’s delicate ecosystems.Le Bohec said: “Unless current greenhouse gas emissions drop, 70 percent of king penguins - 1.1 million breeding pairs - will be forced to relocate their breeding grounds, or face extinction by 2100.”King penguins are the second-largest type of penguin and only breed on specific isolated islands in the Southern Ocean where there is no ice cover and easy access to the sea.As the ocean warms, a body of water called the Antarctic Polar Front - an upward movement of nutrient-rich sea that supports a huge abundance of marine life - is being pushed further south, This means that king penguins, which feed on fish and krill in this body of water, have to travel further to their feeding grounds, leaving their hungry chicks for longer.And as the distance between their breeding grounds and their food grows, entire colonies could be wiped out.Le Bohec said:“The plight of the king penguin should serve as a warning about the future of the entire marine environment in the Antarctic.Penguins, like other seabirds and marine mammals, occupy higher levels in the food chain and they are what we call bio-indicators of their ecosystems." Penguins are sensitive indicators of changes in marine ecosystems.As such, they are key species for understanding and predicting impacts of global change on Antarctic and sub-Antarctic marine ecosystems.The report found that although some king penguins may be able to relocate to new breeding grounds closer to their retreating food source, suitable new habitats would be scarce.Only a handful of islands in the Southern Ocean are suitable for sustaining large breeding colonies.51.What will happen by 2100, according to a new study?A)King penguins in the Antarctic will be on the verge of dying out.B)Sea water will rise to a much higher level around the Antarctic.C) The melting ice cover will destroy the great Antarctic wilderness.D) The pristine waters around the Antarctic will disappear forever.52.What do we learn from the findings of a separate study?A)Shrinking krill population and rising temperatures could force Antarctic whales to migrate.B)Human activities have accelerated climate change in the Antarctic region in recent years.C)Industrial fishing and climate change could be fatal to certain Antarctic species.D)Krill fishing in the Antarctic has worsened the pollution of the pristine waters.53.What does the passage say about king penguins?A) They will turn out to be the second-largest species of birds to become extinct.B) Many of them will have to migrate to isolated islands in the Southern Ocean.C) They feed primarily on only a few kinds of krill in the Antarctic Polar Front.D) The majority of them may have to find new breeding grounds in the future.54.What happens when sea levels rise in the Antarctic?A) Many baby king penguins can’t have food in time.B) Many king penguins could no longer live on krill.C) Whales will invade king penguins’ breeding grounds.D) Whales will have to travel long distances to find food.55.What do we learn about the Southern Ocean?A)The king penguins there are reluctant to leave for new breeding grounds.B)Its conservation is key to the sustainable propagation of Antarctic species.C)It is most likely to become the ultimate retreat for species like the king penguin.D)Only a few of its islands can serve as huge breeding grounds for king penguins.Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English.You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.荷花是中国的名花之一, 深受人们喜爱。
2019年6月雅思真题回忆及解析
2019年6月雅思真题回忆及解析所有的成功都来自于行动，只有付诸行动，才能一步步走向成功。
无忧考网搜集整理了2019年6月雅思真题回忆及解析，希望对大家有所帮助。
2019年6月举行了3场考试，时间分别为6月1日、6月13日、6月29日。
以下内容仅供参考。
6月1日雅思口语真题回忆：Part 1考题总结考题总结必考话题Work/studyDo you work or are you a student?What is your favourite subject?Do you like studying?Where do you study? / What school do you study at?How do you go to school every day?Is your school a good place for studying?Do you like your school?What do you like most about your school?How do you think your school could be improved?How much (how many hours) study do you do every week?Do you work or are you a student?What work do you do?Do you enjoy that work?Why did you choose to do that type of work?How do you go to work every day?How much (how many hours) do you work every week?Would you say that’s a good company to work for?Would you like to change the place where you work?How do you think your workplace could be improved?What’s the most important part of your work?Do you do anything that especially helps you in your work?How do you think you could improve your efficiency at work?Your accommodationDo you live in a house or a flat?Have you lived there for a long time?What’s the difference between where you are living now and where you have lived before?What's your favourite room?What kind of places would you like to live in (in the future)?人相关话题StarsHave you ever met a celebrity in real life?Who is your favourite movie star?Are international superstars popular in your country?地点相关话题Places to playWhere did you usually play when you were a child?Did you often play at your friend's home?Did you like to play outside or inside when you were young?Do you think it’s important for children to play outside?CitiesWhat cities have you ever travelled to?What kind of cities do you like to travel to?Would you ever move to another city for work?Would you ever move to another city because of the weather?Your living areaWhere are you living at the moment? / Where do you live at the moment? Have you lived there for a long time?Do you like living there?Do you know many people living nearby?Are you planning to move to another area to live?What changes have you seen in this area?What improvements would you like to see in this area?(Different to above) What changes do you expect to see in this area?Crowded placesWhat are the most crowded places in your city?Do you like to go to crowded places?How do you feel in crowded places?Do you prefer to go to crowded places or places that have few people? When was the last time you went to a crowded place?物品相关话题PerfumeDo you like perfume? / Why?Do you wear perfume?Do you have many bottles of perfume? / Why?What kind of perfume do you like?Have you ever given perfume as a gift? / Why?Would you ever give perfume as a gift?How much would you like to spend on a bottle of perfume? / Why?PatienceWould you say you are a patient person?Would you be impatient if someone were late for an appointment with you?Do you think you are more patient now than before?Do you think you will be more patient in the future?Would you say people in your city are generally patient?Tea and coffeeDo you prefer to drink tea, or coffee?When was the last time you drank tea or coffee?Do you most often drink tea or coffee?Which is more popular in your country, drinking tea or drinking coffee?Do people in your country usually offer tea or coffee to guests who visit them at home?MathematicsWhen did you start learning maths?Do you like maths? / Why?Do you think females are good at maths?Do you think we should use a calculator when learning maths?Do you often use a calculator?Do you think maths is important (for everyone)?Some people think that maths isn’t needed in our daily life. What do you think?SmilingDo you like to smile?Do you smile when you are having your picture taken?On what occasions do people smile to others?Can you feel if someone’s smile is fake?GarbageWhat do you do when you see rubbish on the street?Can you suggest why some people throw their litter on the ground?How would you feel if you saw someone throw litter on the ground?Have you ever done anything to make your city cleaner and tidier?Do you think plastic bags are a serious environmental problem?Do you think it's important to protect the environment?Do you think schools should educate children to protect the environment?Street marketDo you like visiting street markets?Are street markets very common in your country / where you live?Would you be interested if you saw a street market in a foreign country?Do people in your country prefer to shop at a street market, or in a shopping mall? Are there many shopping malls in your living area?Social mediaHow often do you use social media like Facebook and Weibo?Why do you use social media?Do you think social media is a good place for making friends?What do you think are the disadvantages of using social media websites?In the future, do you think you will use social media more than you do now, or less?ReadingDo you like reading?What kinds of book do you usually read?Do you like E-books?Do you read professional books?Have you ever lent or borrowed a book?PetsHave you ever had a pet?Do many people in your country keep a pet?What kind of pets do people like to have?What kind of pets do people dislike?Is there any animal you would like to have as a pet?What animal(s) would you not like to have as a pet?SkyDo you often look at the sky? / Why?Do you prefer to look at the sky in the daytime, or at night?Can you see the moon and stars at night where you live?Is there a good place to look at the sky where you live?Did you learn anything about astronomy at school?FilmsDo you like to watch films? / Why?What types of films do you like to watch?Do you like going to the cinema?How often do you go to a cinema?Do you prefer to watch a film at home or in a cinema?Do you prefer to watch a film alone or with others?Do you have a favourite movie star?Is there any foreign movie star famous in your country?Have you ever seen a movie star in real life?Would you like to be a movie star?EmailsDo you use email?How often do you use email?Do you think it's important to reply to emails immediately after you receive them? What kinds of emails make you happy?Do you prefer to use email or text messaging?HandwritingDo you often write with a pen and a piece of paper?Would you say your handwriting is easy for others to read?Do you like to receive handwritten letters and cards?Do you prefer to write on a computer or to write using a pen?Do you think a person's handwriting reflects their personality?The weatherWhat's the weather like in your city?Has the weather in your country changed very much over recent years?Do you have a favourite type of weather?Would the change of weather affect your mood? / Why?Would you move to another city that has completely different weather to where you live now?SunglassesDo you wear sunglasses?Do many people in your country wear sunglasses?Where can you buy sunglasses?Have you ever lost your sunglasses?Have you ever bought expensive sunglasses?Would you ever buy sunglasses as a gift for someone?PhotographsDo you like taking photos?How often do you take a photo?Do you prefer to take pictures by yourself, or to have others take them for you? Do you prefer to take pictures with your mobile phone, or with a professional camera? In what situations do you take photos?Do you like to take pictures of your city?How do you keep your photos?TransportWhat kind of transport do you often use?How do you usually go to school / work?How long does it take to travel to school / work?How did you go to school when you were a child?Do you prefer to use public or private transportation?Do you think you'll use public transport more in the future?事件相关话题Visiting relativesDo you keep in touch with your relatives?Do you often visit your relatives? / Why?What do you do together when you visit them?When was the last time you visited them? / What did you do?Do you prefer to spend time with friends or relatives?Public holidaysWhat public holidays do you have in your country?Do you have a favourite holiday?What do you usually do during a holiday?Do you think there should be more public holidays?SharingDo you like to share things with your friends?What kinds of things would you like to share with your friends?What kinds of things would you not share with your parents?When you were young, did your parents teach you to share with others?Is there anything that you would not share with others?SleepHow many hours do you sleep every day?Did you sleep more in the past than you do now?Do you think it's good to have a nap during the day?Have your sleeping habits changed since you were younger?Do you think old people need more sleep than young people?Do you think it's important to have enough sleep every day?TravelDo you like travelling?What kind of cities do you like to travel to?What’s the most beautiful place you’ve been to (in your country)?Where would you like to travel for a vacation? / Why?Would you prefer to travel to one place or to different places on a vacation? Do you think travelling is difficult?Borrowing / lendingHave you ever borrowed a book from others?Have you ever lent a book to others?Have you ever borrowed money from someone else?Would you lend money to someone else?Do you like to lend things to others?Time managementDo you make plans every day?Would you say you manage your time well?What’s the biggest difficulty you have when managing time?What's (an example of) one thing you plan to do every day?Do you like it when you're busy?Are you an organized person?Part 2考题总结考题总结人相关话题1.A person you know who is good at foreign language.2.A person who encouraged you to achieve a goal.3.A good-looking person.4.A person who has interesting ideas.5.A foreign celebrity you want to meet.6.A singer you like.7.A person you know who helps to protect the environment.8.Someone you would like to study or work with.9.An intelligent person you know.10.A teenager you know.11.A person you wanted to be similar to when you were growing up.地点相关话题12.A place you wanted to travel to.13.A historical building.14.An ideal house.15.A newly built public facility (such as parks, cinemas, etc.) that influences your city.16.A park you like to visit.物品相关话题17. A prize you want to get.18.Something you bought but rarely use now.19.A book you recently read.20.A kind of food people eat during a special event.21.A game (not a sport) you enjoyed when you were a child.22.Something lost by others but found by you.23.An important plant in your country.24.A quiz programme or game show on TV.25.An important decision you made with the help of others.26.A piece of good news you heard.27.A good law in your country.28.A subject you used to dislike but now have interest in.29.An outdoor sport you played for the first time.30.An activity you do when you are alone in your free time.31.A job that was done by your grandparents.32.A sport you want to try that you have watched before.33.A skill that took you a long time to learn.34.A second foreign language you would like to learn.35.A healthy lifestyle you know事件相关话题36.A time when you invited your friends or family members for dinner at home or in a restaurant.37.A time when you got up early.38.An occasion when you received incorrect information.39.A time when you received a call from someone you do not know in the public place.40.An experience you solved the problem via the Internet.41.An occasion you showed something new to younger people.42.A piece of good news you heard.43.A time when you made a complaint and were satisfied with the result.44.A party you attended before.45.An occasion when a home appliance broke down or stopped working.46.An occasion you borrowed something from friends or family members.47.A time you received terrible service.48.A free day off from study or work.49.A time that someone did not tell you the whole truth.50.A time you enjoyed your free time.51.A time you taught something new to a younger person.52.A time you looked for information from the Internet.53.An unusual experience of travelling.54.A historical period you would like to know more.55.A time when you had to change your plan/you have to change your mind.本次考试考题精选范例解析 1. Why do some people throw garbage on the street? Analysis: 直接问原因的题，这类题只需要考生给出具体一个或者两个原因即可。
2019年6月六级真题(3套全含答案)
第一套Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of team spirit and communication in the workplace. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)听力音频MP3文件在压缩包里Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) A six-month-long negotiation.B) Preparations for the party.C) A project with a troublesome client.D) Gift wrapping for the colleagues.2. A) Take wedding photos.B) Advertise her company.C) Start a small business.D) Throw a celebration party.3. A) Hesitant.B) Nervous.C) Flattered.D) Surprised.4. A) Start her own bakery.B) Improve her baking skill.C) Share her cooking experience.D) Prepare for the wedding.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) They have to spend more time studying.B) They have to participate in club activities.C) They have to be more responsible for what they do.D) They have to choose a specific academic discipline.6. A) Get ready for a career.B) Make a lot of friends.C) Set a long-term goal.D) Behave like adults7. A) Those who share her academic interests.B) Those who respect her student commitments.C) Those who can help her when she is in need.D) Those who go to the same clubs as she does.8. A) Those helpful for tapping their potential.B) Those conducive to improving their social skills.C) Those helpful for cultivating individual interests.D) Those conducive to their academic studies.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) They break away from traditional ways of thinking.B) They are prepared to work harder than anyone else.C) They are good at refining old formulas.D) They bring their potential into full play.10. A) They contributed to the popularity of skiing worldwide.B) They resulted in a brand-new style of skiing technique.C) They promoted the scientific use of skiing poles.D) They made explosive news in the sports world.11. A) He was recognized as a genius in the world of sports.B) He competed in all major skiing events in the world.C) He won three gold medals in one Winter Olympics.D) He broke three world skiing records in three years.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) They appear restless.B) They lose consciousness.C) They become upset.D) They die almost instantly.13. A) It has an instant effect on your body chemistry.B) It keeps returning to you every now and then.C) It leaves you with a long lasting impression.D) It contributes to the shaping of your mind.14. A) To succeed while feeling irritated.B) To feel happy without good health.C) To be free from frustration and failure.D) To enjoy good health while in dark moods15. A) They are closely connected.B) They function in a similar way.C) They are too complex to understand.D) They reinforce each other constantly.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) They differ in their appreciation of music.B) They focus their attention on different things.C) They finger the piano keys in different ways.D) They choose different pieces of music to play.17. A) They manage to cooperate well with their teammates.B) They use effective tactics to defeat their competitors.C) They try hard to meet the spectators’ expectations.D) They attach great importance to high performance.18. A) It marks a breakthrough in behavioral science.B) It adopts a conventional approach to research.C) It supports a piece of conventional wisdom.D) It gives rise to controversy among experts.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) People’s envy of slim models.B) People’s craze for good health.C) The increasing range of fancy products.D) The great variety of slimming products.20. A) They appear vigorous.B) They appear strange.C) They look charming.D) They look unhealthy.21. A) Culture and upbringing.B) Wealth and social status.C) Peer pressure.D) Media influence.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) The relation between hair and skin.B) The growing interest in skin studies.C) The color of human skin.D) The need of skin protection.23. A) The necessity to save energy.B) Adaptation to the hot environment.C) The need to breathe with ease.D) Dramatic climate changes on earth.24. A) Leaves and grass.B) Man-made shelter.C) Their skin coloring.D) Hair on their skin.25. A) Their genetic makeup began to change.B) Their communities began to grow steadily.C) Their children began to mix with each other.D) Their pace of evolution began to quicken.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Pasta is no longer off the menu, after a new review of studies suggested that the carbohydrate can form part of a healthy diet, and even help people lose weight. For years, nutritionists have recommended that pasta be kept to a__ 26__, to cut calories, prevent fat build-up and stop blood sugar__ 27__ up.The low-carbohydrate food movement gave birth to such diets as the Atkins, Paleo and Keto, which advised swapping foods like bread, pasta and potatoes for vegetable, fish and meat. More recently the trend of swapping spaghetti for vegetables has been__ 28__ by clean-eating experts.But now a__ 29__ review and analysis of 30 studies by Canadian researchers found that not only does pasta not cause weight gain, but three meals a week can help people drop more than half a kilogram over four months. The reviewers found that pasta had been unfairly demonized (妖魔化)because it had been__ 30__ in with other, more fat-promoting carbohydrates."The study found that pasta didn't__ 31__ to weight gain or increase in body fat," said lead author Dr John Sievenpiper. "In__ 32__ the evidence, we can now say with some confidence that pasta does not have an__ 33__ effect on body weight outcomes when it is consumed as part of a healthy dietary pattern." In fact, analysis actually showed a small weight loss. So__ 34__ to concerns, perhaps pasta can be part of a healthy diet.Those involved in the__ 35__ trials on average ate 3.3 servings of pasta a week instead of other carbohydrates, one serving equaling around half a cup. They lost around half a kilogram over an average follow-up of 12 weeks.A) adverse B) championed C) clinical D) contract E) contribute F) intimate G) lumped H) magnified I) minimum J) radiating K) ration L) shooting M) subscribe N) systematic O) weighingSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The best Retailers Combine Bricks and ClicksA) Retail profits are falling sharply. Stores are closing. Malls are emptying. The depressing stories just keep coming. Reading the earnings announcements of large retail stores like Macy's, Nordstorm, and Target is about as uplifting as a tour of an intensive care unit. The internet is apparently taking down yet another industry. Brick and mortar stores (实体店) seem to be going the way of the yellow pages. Sure enough, the Census Bureau just released data showing that online retail sales surged 15.2 percent between the first quarter of 2015 and the first quarter of 2016.B) But before you dump all of your retail stocks, there are more facts you should consider. Looking only at that 15.2 percent "surge" would be misleading. It was an increase that was on a small base of 6.9 percent. Even when a tiny number grows by a large percentage terms, it is often still tiny.C) More than 20 years after the internet was opened to commerce, the Census Bureau tells us that brick and mortar sales accounted for 92.3 percent of retail sales in the first quarter of 2016. Their data show that only 0.8 percent of retail sales shifted from offline to online between the beginning of 2015 and 2016.D) So, despite all the talk about drone (无人机) deliveries to your doorstep, all the retailexecutives expressing anxiety over consumers going online, and even a Presidential candidate exclaiming that Amazon has a "huge antitrust problem," the Census data suggest that physical retail is thriving. Of course, the closed stores, depressed executives, and sinking stocks suggest otherwise. What's the real story?E) Many firms operating brick and mortar stores are in trouble. The retail industry is getting "reinvented," as we describe in our new book Matchmarkers. It's standing in the path of what Schumpeter called a gale (大风) of creative destruction. That storm has been brewing for some time, and as it has reached gale force, most large retailers are searching for a response. As the CFO of Macy's put it recently, "We're frankly scratching our heads."F) But it's not happening as experts predicted. In the peak of the dot. com bubble, brick and mortar retail was one of these industries the internet was going to kill—and quickly. The dot. com bust discredited most predictions of that sort and in the years that followed, conventional retailers' confidence in the future increased as Census continued do report weak online sales. And then the gale hit.G) It is becoming increasingly clear that retail reinvention isn't a simple battle to the death between bricks and clicks. It is about devising retail models that work for people who are making increasing use of a growing array of internet-connected tools to change how they search, shop, and buy. Creative retailers are using the new technologies to innovate just about everything stores do from managing inventory, to marketing, to getting paid.H) More than drones dropping a new supply of underwear on your doorstep, Apple's massively successful brick-and-mortar-and-glass retail stores and Amazon's small steps in the same direction are what should keep old-fashioned retailers awake at night. Not to mention the large number of creative new retailers, like Bonobos, that are blending online and offline experiences in creative ways.I) Retail reinvention is not a simple process, and it's also not happening on what used to be called "Internet Time." Some internet-driven changes have happened quickly, of course. Craigslist quickly overtook newspaper classified ads and turned newspaper economics upside down. But many widely anticipated changes weren't quick, and some haven't really started. With the benefit of hindsight (后见之明), it looks like the internet will transform the economy at something like the pace of other great inventions like electricity. B2B commerce, for example, didn't move mainly online by 2005 as many had predicted in 2000, nor even by 2016, but that doesn't mean it won't do so over the next few decades.J) But the gale is still blowing. The sudden decline in foot traffic in recent years, even though it hasn't been accompanied by a massive decline in physical sales, is a critical warning. People can shop more efficiently online and therefore don't need to go to as many stores to find what they want. There's a surplus of physical shopping space for the crowds, which is one reason why stores are downsizing and closing.K) The rise of the mobile phone has recently added a new level of complexity to the process of retail reinvention. Even five years ago most people faced a choice. Sit at your computer, probably at home or at the office, search and browse, and buy. Or head out to the mall, or Main Street, look and shop, and buy. Now, just about everyone has a smartphone, connected to the internet almost everywhere almost all the time. Even when a retailer gets a customer to walk in the store, she can easily see if there's a better deal online or at another store nearby.L) So far, the main thing many large retailers have done in response to all this is to open online stores, so people will come to them directly rather than to Amazon and its smaller online rivals. Many are having the same problem that newspapers have had. Even if they get online traffic, they struggle to make enough money online to compensate for what they are losing offline.M) A few seem to be making this work. Among large traditional retailers, Walmart recently reported the best results, leading its stock price to surge, while Macy's, Target, and Nordstorm's dropped. Yet Walmart's year-over-year online sales only grew 7 percent, leading its CEO to lament (哀叹), "Growth here is to slow." Part of the problem is that almost two decades after Amazon field the one-click patent, the online retail shopping and buying experience is filled with frictions. A recent study graded more than 600 internet retailers on how easy it was for consumers to shop, buy, and pay. Almost half of the sites didn't get a passing grade and only 18 percent got an A or B.N) The turmoil on the ground in physical retail is hard to square with the Census data. Unfortunately, part of the explanation is that the Census retail data are unreliable. Our deep look into those data and their preparation revealed serious problems. It seems likely that Census simply misclassifies a large chunk of online sales. It is certain that the Census procedures, which lump the online sales of major traditional retailers like Walmart with "non-store retailers" like food trucks, can mask major changes in individual retail categories. The bureau could easily present their data in more useful ways, but they have chosen not to.O) Despite the turmoil, brick and mortar won't disappear any time soon. The big questions are which, if any, of the large traditional retailers will still be on the scene in a decade or two because they have successfully reinvented themselves, which new players will operate busy stores on Main Streets and maybe even in shopping malls, and how the shopping and buying experience will have changed in each retail category. Investors shouldn't write off brick and mortar. Whether they should bet on the traditional players who run those stores now is another matter.36. Although online retailing has existed for some twenty years, nearly half of the internet retailers still fail to receive satisfactory feedback from consumers, according to a recent survey. 37. Innovative retailers integrate internet technologies with conventional retailing to create new retail models.38. Despite what the Census data suggest, the value of physical retail's stocks has been dropping.39. Internet-driven changes in the retail industry didn't take place as quickly as widely anticipated.40. Statistics indicate that brick and mortar sales still made up the lion's share of the retailbusiness.41. Companies that successfully combine online and offline business models may prove to be a big concern for traditional retailers.42. Brick and mortar retailers' faith in their business was strengthened when the dot. com bubble burst.43. Despite the tremendous challenges from online retailing, traditional retailing will be here to stay for quite some time.44. With the rise of online commerce, physical retail stores are like to suffer the same fate as the yellow pages.45. The wide use of smartphone has made it more complex for traditional retailers to reinvent their business.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Professor Stephen Hawking has warned that the creation of powerful artificial intelligence (AI) will be "either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity", and praised the creation of an academic institute dedicated to researching the future of intelligence as "crucial to the future of our civilisation and our species".Hawking was speaking at the opening of the Leverhulme Centre for the Future of Inteelgence (LCFI) at Cambridge University, a multi-disciplinary institute that will attempt to tackle some of the open-ended questions raised by the rapid pace of development in AI research. "We spend a great deal of time studying history," Hawking said, "which, let's face it, is mostly the history of stupidity. So it's a welcome change that people are studying instead the future of intelligence."While the world-renowned physicist has often been cautious about AI, rising concerns that humanity could be the architect of its own destruction if it creates a super-intelligence with a will of its own, he was also quick to highlight the positives that AI research can bring. "The potential benefits of creating intelligence are huge," he said. "We cannot predict what we might achieve when our own minds are amplified by AI. Perhaps with the tools of this new technological revolution, we will be able to undo some of the damage done to the natural world by the last one—industrialisation. And surely we will aim to finally eradicate disease and poverty. And every aspect of our lives will be transformed. In short, success in creating AI could be the biggest event in the history of our civilisation."Huw Price, the centre's academic director and the Bertrand Russell professor of philosophy at Cambridge University, where Hawking is also an academic, said that the centre came about partially as a result of the university's Centre for Existential Risk. That institute examined a wider range of potential problems for humanity, while the LCFI has a narrow focus.AI pioneer Margaret Boden, professor of cognitive science at the University of Sussex, praised the progress of such discussions. As recently as 2009, she said, the topic wasn't taken seriously, even among AI researchers. "AI is hugely exciting," she said, "but it has limitations, which present grave dangers given uncritical use."The academic community is not alone in warning about the potential dangers of AI as well as the potential benefits. A number of pioneers from the technology industry, most famously the entrepreneur Elon Musk, have also expressed their concerns about the damage that a super-intelligent AI could do to humanity.46. What did Stephen Hawking think of artificial intelligence?A) It would be vital to the progress of human civilisation.B) It might be a blessing or a disaster in the making.C) It might present challenges as well as opportunities.D) It would be a significant expansion of human intelligence.47. What did Hawking say about the creation of the LCFI?A) It would accelerate the progress of AI research.B) It would mark a step forward in the AI industry.C) It was extremely important to the destiny of humankind.D) It was an achievement of multi-disciplinary collaboration.48. What did Hawking say was a welcome change in AI research?A) The shift of research focus from the past to the future.B) The shift of research from theory to implementation.C) The greater emphasis on the negative impact of AI.D) The increasing awareness of mankind's past stupidity.49. What concerns did Hawking raise about AI?A) It may exceed human intelligence sooner or later.B) It may ultimately over-amplify the human mind.C) Super-intelligence may cause its own destruction.D) Super-intelligence may eventually ruin mankind.50. What do we learn about some entrepreneurs from the technology industry?A) They are much influenced by the academic community.B) They are most likely to benefit from AI development.C) They share the same concerns about AI as academics.D) They believe they can keep AI under human control.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups (初创公司) want in on the action. What they sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products. So Brookdale, the country's largest owner of retirement communities, has been inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the residents have to say.That's what brought Dayle Rodriguez, 28, all the way from England to the dining room of Brookdale South Bay in Torrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup's product, SentabTV, enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control."It's nothing new, it's nothing too complicated and it's natural because lots of people have TV remotes," says Rodriguez.But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. Instead, Rodriguez solicits residents' advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the agenda, as well as learning to play mahjong (麻将).Rodriguez says it's important that residents here don't feel like he's selling them something. "I've had more feedback in a passive approach," he says. "Playing pool, playing cards, having dinner, having lunch," all work better "than going through a survey of question. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I'm not selling them something—there'll be more honest feedback from them."Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale's 1, 100 senior living communities. Other new products in the program have included a kind of full-blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows people with disabilities to dress and undress themselves.Mary Lou Busch, 93, agree to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez that it might be good for someone, but not for her."I have the computer and FaceTime, which I talk with my family on," she explains. She also has an iPad and a smartphone. "So I do pretty much everything I need to do."To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic (害怕技术的) seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one is located in the heart of Southern California's aerospace corridor. Many residents have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.But Rodriguez says he's still learning something important by moving into this Brookdale community: "People are more tech-proficient than we thought."And besides, where else would he learn to play mahjong?51. What does the passage say about the startups?A) They never lose time in upgrading products for seniors.B) They want to have a share of the seniors' goods market.C) They invite seniors to their companies to try their products.D) They try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors.52. Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to ______.A) have an interview with potential customersB) conduct a survey of retirement communitiesC) collect residents' feedback on their productsD) show senior residents how to use IT products53. What do we know about SentabTV?A) It is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly.B) It is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.C) It is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs.D) It is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.54. What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?A) Winning trust from prospective customers.B) Knowing the likes and dislikes of customers.C) Demonstrating their superiority on the spot.D) Responding promptly to customer feedback.55. What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?A) Most of them are interested in using the Sentab.B) They are quite at ease with high-tech products.C) They have much in common with seniors elsewhere.D) Most of them enjoy a longer life than average people.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese intoEnglish. You should write your answer on AnswerSheet 2.中国幅员辽阔，人口众多，很多地方人们都说自己的方言。
2019年08月17日雅思考试真题回忆+答案
C.more convenient than incity
16.Themost interesting partoftheexhibit is they offer答案选B
A.how locomotive engineworks
A.onweekends
B.only on everyevening
C.onevery afternoon（因为这个项目特别popular）
13. For historians lovers历史爱好者,可以游玩哪个地方？答案选C
A.famousgarden
B.architecture
C.Location of an old city hallbuilding
答案回忆：
判断1-5
1.abilities
2.(The US)markets
3.Siblings
4.experienced
5.(preschoolers’)parents
判 断6-9 6.NOT GIVEN
7.TRUE
8.TRUE
9.FALSE
流程图填空10-13
10.firm
11.simplicity
B.great musicians a popularsinger
C.internationalcooks（原文中提到alocal cook）
15.Why did peoplechoosebuyingtickets in thelibrary?答案选A
A.cheaper one withdiscount
B.people can have dinner inside the old traincabinet
2019年雅思大作文解析及写作范文：学校根据能力选择学生
2019年雅思大作文解析及写作范文：学校根据能力选择学生Some people think that schools should select students according to their academic abilities while others believe that it is better to have students with different abilities study together. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.有些人认为应该根据学术水平选择学生，而有些人认为不同水平的学生应该一起学习。
请讨论双方的观点并给出你自己的观点。
The issue of whether academic abilities should be served as an only reliable standard in terms of selecting students has sparked off an intense debate. While there are some benefits to select students based on academic ability, I would argue that it is better to educate different abilities together.On the one hand, some people believe that it is more effective for schools to adopt an academy-oriented approach to select students. Since students go to school mainly for the purpose of fostering academic ability, schools are set up to fulfill the educational function of imparting a great deal amount of knowledge, such as liberal arts and science, to students.Accordingly, it is understandable that some take it for granted that academic results can serve as an effective benchmark for assessing students' capability.However, I firmly believe that the academic result is by no means an exclusive way to evaluate students' capabilities. First and foremost, schools are not a place where studentsare turned into pedants. Only focusing on academic skills inevitably leads many who are short of academic study but good at other subjects to lose opportunities to promote their talents. In addition, if students with different abilities can study together, it is out of question that all the students will benefit from such a combination. This is simply because it helps students complement each other and give them motivation as well as chances to learn more from each other.To conclude, I concede that judging students by academic ability helps schools select proper students. Nevertheless, I am convinced that allowing students with many talents to study together outweigh the former view.。
2019年08月31日雅思考试真题回忆+答案
题型 填空 10 题
History 34. flowers 35. the climate of the area 36. the large amount of sand in the soil
Future Crop Plans 37. there is a system of irrigation 38. use plastic fence to prevent the weeds 39. dry the roots of dead plants 40. 瓶装销售的标签 is organic
旧 V09375
会计和日语课程学习
多选 5 题 summary 填空 5 题
内容回忆:
Frank and Bridget are discussing about studying accounting and Japanese.
答案回忆: 多选 21-23 Choose THREE letters, A-H （8 选 3） What are the benefits of this course according to the girls from the accounting apartment? 答案选 B E G A. 待补充
B. useful teaching staff
C. personal tutor
D. interesting teaching methods
E. important to future career
F. chance of visiting off-campus
G. small tutorial class H. 待补充
答案回忆：
单选 1-2 1. What is the preferred location? 答案选 B
2019年6月雅思真题回忆及解析
2019年6月雅思真题回忆及解析6月1日雅思口语真题回忆：Part 1考题总结考题总结必考话题Work/studyDo you work or are you a student?What is your favourite subject?Do you like studying?Where do you study? / What school do you study at? How do you go to school every day?Is your school a good place for studying?Do you like your school?What do you like most about your school?How do you think your school could be improved?How much (how many hours) study do you do every week? Do you work or are you a student?What work do you do?Do you enjoy that work?Why did you choose to do that type of work?How do you go to work every day?How much (how many hours) do you work every week?Would you say that’s a good company to work for?Would you like to change the place where you work?How do you think your workplace could be improved?What’s the most important part of your work?Do you do anything that especially helps you in your work? How do you think you could improve your efficiency at work?Your accommodationDo you live in a house or a flat?Have you lived there for a long time?What’s the difference between where you are living now and where you have lived before?What's your favourite room?What kind of places would you like to live in (in the future)?人相关话题StarsHave you ever met a celebrity in real life?Who is your favourite movie star?Are international superstars popular in your country?地点相关话题Places to playWhere did you usually play when you were a child?Did you often play at your friend's home?Did you like to play outside or inside when you were young? Do you think it’s important for children to play outside?CitiesWhat cities have you ever travelled to?What kind of cities do you like to travel to?Would you ever move to another city for work?Would you ever move to another city because of the weather?Your living areaWhere are you living at the moment? / Where do you live at the moment?Have you lived there for a long time?Do you like living there?Do you know many people living nearby?Are you planning to move to another area to live?What changes have you seen in this area?What improvements would you like to see in this area? (Different to above) What changes do you expect to see in this area?Crowded placesWhat are the most crowded places in your city?Do you like to go to crowded places?How do you feel in crowded places?Do you prefer to go to crowded places or places that have few people?When was the last time you went to a crowded place?物品相关话题PerfumeDo you like perfume? / Why?Do you wear perfume?Do you have many bottles of perfume? / Why?What kind of perfume do you like?Have you ever given perfume as a gift? / Why?Would you ever give perfume as a gift?How much would you like to spend on a bottle of perfume? / Why?PatienceWould you say you are a patient person?Would you be impatient if someone were late for an appointment with you?Do you think you are more patient now than before?Do you think you will be more patient in the future?Would you say people in your city are generally patient?Tea and coffeeDo you prefer to drink tea, or coffee?When was the last time you drank tea or coffee?Do you most often drink tea or coffee?Which is more popular in your country, drinking tea or drinking coffee?Do people in your country usually offer tea or coffee to guests who visit them at home?MathematicsWhen did you start learning maths?Do you like maths? / Why?Do you think females are good at maths?Do you think we should use a calculator when learning maths?Do you often use a calculator?Do you think maths is important (for everyone)?Some people think that maths isn’t needed in our daily life. What do you think?SmilingDo you like to smile?Do you smile when you are having your picture taken?On what occasions do people smile to others?Can you feel if someone’s smile is fake?GarbageWhat do you do when you see rubbish on the street?Can you suggest why some people throw their litter on the ground?How would you feel if you saw someone throw litter on the ground?Have you ever done anything to make your city cleaner and tidier?Do you think plastic bags are a serious environmental problem? Do you think it's important to protect the environment?Do you think schools should educate children to protect theenvironment?Street marketDo you like visiting street markets?Are street markets very common in your country / where you live?Would you be interested if you saw a street market in a foreign country?Do people in your country prefer to shop at a street market, or in a shopping mall?Are there many shopping malls in your living area?Social mediaHow often do you use social media like Facebook and Weibo? Why do you use social media?Do you think social media is a good place for making friends? What do you think are the disadvantages of using social media websites?In the future, do you think you will use social media more than you do now, or less?ReadingDo you like reading?What kinds of book do you usually read?Do you like E-books?Do you read professional books?Have you ever lent or borrowed a book?PetsHave you ever had a pet?Do many people in your country keep a pet?What kind of pets do people like to have?What kind of pets do people dislike?Is there any animal you would like to have as a pet?What animal(s) would you not like to have as a pet?SkyDo you often look at the sky? / Why?Do you prefer to look at the sky in the daytime, or at night? Can you see the moon and stars at night where you live?Is there a good place to look at the sky where you live? Did you learn anything about astronomy at school?FilmsDo you like to watch films? / Why?What types of films do you like to watch?Do you like going to the cinema?How often do you go to a cinema?Do you prefer to watch a film at home or in a cinema?Do you prefer to watch a film alone or with others?Do you have a favourite movie star?Is there any foreign movie star famous in your country? Have you ever seen a movie star in real life?Would you like to be a movie star?EmailsDo you use email?How often do you use email?Do you think it's important to reply to emails immediately after you receive them?What kinds of emails make you happy?Do you prefer to use email or text messaging?HandwritingDo you often write with a pen and a piece of paper?Would you say your handwriting is easy for others to read?Do you like to receive handwritten letters and cards?Do you prefer to write on a computer or to write using a pen? Do you think a person's handwriting reflects their personality?The weatherWhat's the weather like in your city?Has the weather in your country changed very much over recent years?Do you have a favourite type of weather?Would the change of weather affect your mood? / Why?Would you move to another city that has completely different weather to where you live now?SunglassesDo you wear sunglasses?Do many people in your country wear sunglasses?Where can you buy sunglasses?Have you ever lost your sunglasses?Have you ever bought expensive sunglasses?Would you ever buy sunglasses as a gift for someone?PhotographsDo you like taking photos?How often do you take a photo?Do you prefer to take pictures by yourself, or to have others take them for you?Do you prefer to take pictures with your mobile phone, or with a professional camera?In what situations do you take photos?Do you like to take pictures of your city?How do you keep your photos?TransportWhat kind of transport do you often use?How do you usually go to school / work?How long does it take to travel to school / work?How did you go to school when you were a child?Do you prefer to use public or private transportation?Do you think you'll use public transport more in the future?事件相关话题Visiting relativesDo you keep in touch with your relatives?Do you often visit your relatives? / Why?What do you do together when you visit them?When was the last time you visited them? / What did you do? Do you prefer to spend time with friends or relatives?Public holidaysWhat public holidays do you have in your country?Do you have a favourite holiday?What do you usually do during a holiday?Do you think there should be more public holidays?SharingDo you like to share things with your friends?What kinds of things would you like to share with your friends? What kinds of things would you not share with your parents? When you were young, did your parents teach you to share with others?Is there anything that you would not share with others?SleepHow many hours do you sleep every day?Did you sleep more in the past than you do now?Do you think it's good to have a nap during the day?Have your sleeping habits changed since you were younger? Do you think old people need more sleep than young people? Do you think it's important to have enough sleep every day?TravelDo you like travelling?What kind of cities do you like to travel to?What’s the most beautiful place you’ve been to (in your country)?Where would you like to travel for a vacation? / Why? Would you prefer to travel to one place or to different places on a vacation?Do you think travelling is difficult?Borrowing / lendingHave you ever borrowed a book from others?Have you ever lent a book to others?Have you ever borrowed money from someone else?Would you lend money to someone else?Do you like to lend things to others?Time managementDo you make plans every day?Would you say you manage your time well?What’s the biggest difficulty you have when managing time? What's (an example of) one thing you plan to do every day? Do you like it when you're busy?Are you an organized person?Part 2考题总结考题总结人相关话题1.A person you know who is good at foreign language.2.A person who encouraged you to achieve a goal.3.A good-looking person.4.A person who has interesting ideas.5.A foreign celebrity you want to meet.6.A singer you like.7.A person you know who helps to protect the environment.8.Someone you would like to study or work with.9.An intelligent person you know.10.A teenager you know.11.A person you wanted to be similar to when you were growingup.地点相关话题12.A place you wanted to travel to.13.A historical building.14.An ideal house.15.A newly built public facility (such as parks, cinemas, etc.) that influences your city.16.A park you like to visit.物品相关话题17. A prize you want to get.18.Something you bought but rarely use now.19.A book you recently read.20.A kind of food people eat during a special event.21.A game (not a sport) you enjoyed when you were a child.22.Something lost by others but found by you.23.An important plant in your country.24.A quiz programme or game show on TV.25.An important decision you made with the help of others.26.A piece of good news you heard.27.A good law in your country.28.A subject you used to dislike but now have interest in.29.An outdoor sport you played for the first time.30.An activity you do when you are alone in your free time.31.A job that was done by your grandparents.32.A sport you want to try that you have watched before.33.A skill that took you a long time to learn.34.A second foreign language you would like to learn.35.A healthy lifestyle you know事件相关话题36.A time when you invited your friends or family members for dinner at home or in a restaurant.37.A time when you got up early.38.An occasion when you received incorrect information.39.A time when you received a call from someone you do not know in the public place.40.An experience you solved the problem via the Internet.41.An occasion you showed something new to younger people.42.A piece of good news you heard.43.A time when you made a complaint and were satisfied with the result.44.A party you attended before.45.An occasion when a home appliance broke down or stopped working.46.An occasion you borrowed something from friends or family members.47.A time you received terrible service.48.A free day off from study or work.49.A time that someone did not tell you the whole truth.50.A time you enjoyed your free time.51.A time you taught something new to a younger person.52.A time you looked for information from the Internet.53.An unusual experience of travelling.54.A historical period you would like to know more.55.A time when you had to change your plan/you have to change your mind.本次考试考题精选范例解析 1. Why do some people throw garbage on the street?Analysis: 直接问原因的题，这类题只需要考生给出具体一个或者两个原因即可。
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2019年 6 月雅思真题回忆及解析6月 1日雅思口语真题回忆：Part 1 考题总结考题总结必考话题Work/studyDo you work or are you a student?What is your favourite subject?Do you like studying?Where do you study? / What school do you study at? How do you go to school every day?Is your school a good place for studying?Do you like your school?What do you like most about your school?How do you think your school could be improved?How much (how many hours) study do you do every week? Do you work or are you a student?What work do you do?Do you enjoy that work?Why did you choose to do that type of work?How do you go to work every day?How much (how many hours) do you work every week?Would you say that ' s a good company to work for?Would you like to change the place where you work?How do you think your workplace could be improved?What' s the most important part of your work?Do you do anything that especially helps you in your work? How do you think you could improve your efficiency at work?Your accommodationDo you live in a house or a flat?Have you lived there for a long time?What' s the difference between where you are living now and where you have lived before?What's your favourite room?What kind of places would you like to live in (in the future)?人相关话题StarsHave you ever met a celebrity in real life?Who is your favourite movie star?Are international superstars popular in your country?地点相关话题Places to playWhere did you usually play when you were a child?Did you often play at your friend's home?Did you like to play outside or inside when you were young? Do you think it 's important for children to play outside?CitiesWhat cities have you ever travelled to?What kind of cities do you like to travel to?Would you ever move to another city for work?Would you ever move to another city because of the weather?Your living areaWhere are you living at the moment? / Where do you live at the moment?Have you lived there for a long time?Do you like living there?Do you know many people living nearby?Are you planning to move to another area to live?What changes have you seen in this area?What improvements would you like to see in this area?(Different to above) What changes do you expect to see in this area?Crowded placesWhat are the most crowded places in your city?Do you like to go to crowded places?How do you feel in crowded places?Do you prefer to go to crowded places or places that have few people?When was the last time you went to a crowded place?物品相关话题PerfumeDo you like perfume? / Why?Do you wear perfume?Do you have many bottles of perfume? / Why?What kind of perfume do you like?Have you ever given perfume as a gift? / Why?Would you ever give perfume as a gift?Howm uch would you like to spend on a bottle of perfume? / Why?PatienceWould you say you are a patient person?Would you be impatient if someonew ere late for an appointment with you?Do you think you are more patient now than before?Do you think you will be more patient in the future?Would you say people in your city are generally patient?Tea and coffeeDo you prefer to drink tea, or coffee?When was the last time you drank tea or coffee?Do you most often drink tea or coffee?Which is more popular in your country, drinking tea ordrinking coffee?Do people in your country usually offer tea or coffee to guests who visit them at home?MathematicsWhen did you start learning maths?Do you like maths? / Why?Do you think females are good at maths?Do you think we should use a calculator when learning maths?Do you often use a calculator?Do you think maths is important (for everyone)?Somep eople think that maths isn ' t needed in our daily life. What do you think?SmilingDo you like to smile?Do you smile when you are having your picture taken?On what occasions do people smile to others?Can you feel if someone ' s smile is fake?GarbageWhat do you do when you see rubbish on the street?Can you suggest why some people throw their litter on the ground?How would you feel if you saw someone throw litter on the ground?Have you ever done anything to make your city cleaner and tidier?Do you think plastic bags are a serious environmental problem? Do you think it's important to protect the environment?Do you think schools should educate children to protect theenvironment?Street marketDo you like visiting street markets?Are street markets very common in your country / where you live?Would you be interested if you saw a street market in a foreign country?Do people in your country prefer to shop at a street market, or in a shopping mall?Are there many shopping malls in your living area?Social mediaHow often do you use social media like Facebook and Weibo? Why do you use social media?Do you think social media is a good place for making friends? What do you think are the disadvantages of using social media websites?In the future, do you think you will use social media more than you do now, or less?ReadingDo you like reading?What kinds of book do you usually read?Do you like E-books?Do you read professional books?Have you ever lent or borrowed a book?PetsHave you ever had a pet?Do many people in your country keep a pet?What kind of pets do people like to have?What kind of pets do people dislike?Is there any animal you would like to have as a pet?What animal(s) would you not like to have as a pet?SkyDo you often look at the sky? / Why?Do you prefer to look at the sky in the daytime, or at night? Can you see the moon and stars at night where you live? Is there a good place to look at the sky where you live? Did you learn anything about astronomy at school?FilmsDo you like to watch films? / Why?What types of films do you like to watch?Do you like going to the cinema?How often do you go to a cinema?Do you prefer to watch a film at home or in a cinema?Do you prefer to watch a film alone or with others?Do you have a favourite movie star?Is there any foreign movie star famous in your country? Have you ever seen a movie star in real life?Would you like to be a movie star?EmailsDo you use email?How often do you use email?Do you think it's important to reply to emails immediately after you receive them?What kinds of emails make you happy?Do you prefer to use email or text messaging?HandwritingDo you often write with a pen and a piece of paper?Would you say your handwriting is easy for others to read?Do you like to receive handwritten letters and cards?Do you prefer to write on a computer or to write using a pen? Do you think a person's handwriting reflects their personality?The weatherWhat's the weather like in your city?Has the weather in your country changed very much over recent years?Do you have a favourite type of weather?Would the change of weather affect your mood? / Why?Would you move to another city that has completely different weather to where you live now?SunglassesDo you wear sunglasses?Do many people in your country wear sunglasses?Where can you buy sunglasses?Have you ever lost your sunglasses?Have you ever bought expensive sunglasses?Would you ever buy sunglasses as a gift for someone?PhotographsDo you like taking photos?How often do you take a photo?Do you prefer to take pictures by yourself, or to have others take them for you?Do you prefer to take pictures with your mobile phone, or with a professional camera?In what situations do you take photos?Do you like to take pictures of your city?How do you keep your photos?TransportWhat kind of transport do you often use?How do you usually go to school / work?How long does it take to travel to school / work?How did you go to school when you were a child?Do you prefer to use public or private transportation?Do you think you'll use public transport more in the future?事件相关话题Visiting relativesDo you keep in touch with your relatives?Do you often visit your relatives? / Why?What do you do together when you visit them?When was the last time you visited them? / What did you do?Do you prefer to spend time with friends or relatives?Public holidaysWhat public holidays do you have in your country?Do you have a favourite holiday?What do you usually do during a holiday?Do you think there should be more public holidays?SharingDo you like to share things with your friends?What kinds of things would you like to share with your friends? What kinds of things would you not share with your parents? When you were young, did your parents teach you to share with others?Is there anything that you would not share with others?SleepHow many hours do you sleep every day?Did you sleep more in the past than you do now?Do you think it's good to have a nap during the day?Have your sleeping habits changed since you were younger?Do you think old people need more sleep than young people?Do you think it's important to have enough sleep every day?TravelDo you like travelling?What kind of cities do you like to travel to?What' s the most beautiful place you 've been to (in your country)?Where would you like to travel for a vacation? / Why?Would you prefer to travel to one place or to different places on a vacation?Do you think travelling is difficult?Borrowing / lendingHave you ever borrowed a book from others?Have you ever lent a book to others?Have you ever borrowed money from someone else?Would you lend money to someone else?Do you like to lend things to others?Time managementDo you make plans every day?Would you say you manage your time well?What' s the biggest difficulty you have when managing time? What's (an example of) one thing you plan to do every day? Do you like it when you're busy?Are you an organized person?Part 2 考题总结考题总结人相关话题1. A person you know who is good at foreign language.2. A person who encouraged you to achieve a goal.3. A good-looking person.4. A person who has interesting ideas.5. A foreign celebrity you want to meet.6. A singer you like.7. A person you know who helps to protect the environment.8.Someone you would like to study or work with.9.An intelligent person you know.10.A teenager you know.11.A person you wanted to be similar to when you were growing up.地点相关话题12.A place you wanted to travel to.13.A historical building.14.An ideal house.15.A newly built public facility (such as parks, cinemas, etc.) that influences your city.16.A park you like to visit.物品相关话题17.A prize you want to get.18.Something you bought but rarely use now.19.A book you recently read.20.A kind of food people eat during a special event.21.A game (not a sport) you enjoyed when you were a child.22.Something lost by others but found by you.23.An important plant in your country.24.A quiz programme or game show on TV.25.An important decision you made with the help of others.26.A piece of good news you heard.27.A good law in your country.28.A subject you used to dislike but now have interest in.29.An outdoor sport you played for the first time.30.An activity you do when you are alone in your free time.31.A job that was done by your grandparents.32.A sport you want to try that you have watched before.33.A skill that took you a long time to learn.34.A second foreign language you would like to learn.35.A healthy lifestyle you know事件相关话题36.A time when you invited your friends or family members for dinner at home or in a restaurant.37.A time when you got up early.38.An occasion when you received incorrect information.39.A time when you received a call from someone you do not know in the public place.40.An experience you solved the problem via the Internet.41.An occasion you showed something new to younger people.42.A piece of good news you heard.43.A time when you made a complaint and were satisfied withthe result.44.A party you attended before.45.An occasion when a home appliance broke down or stopped working.46.An occasion you borrowed something from friends or family members.47.A time you received terrible service.48.A free day off from study or work.49.A time that someone did not tell you the whole truth.50.A time you enjoyed your free time.51.A time you taught something new to a younger person.52.A time you looked for information from the Internet.53.An unusual experience of travelling.54.A historical period you would like to know more.55.A time when you had to change your plan/you have to change your mind.本次考试考题精选范例解析 1. Why do some people throw garbage on the street?Analysis: 直接问原因的题，这类题只需要考生给出具体一个或者两个原因即可。