写给五夜十篇学员的一封信【木仓学社】

写给五夜十篇学员的第一封信
非常感谢同学们对我的信任和对五夜十篇课程的认可。

大纲发布就标志着考研复习进入到火力全开的阶段了。

政治和专业课的压力让我们必须高效的复习英语，也才能打赢这样一场重要的攻坚战！我们现在已经在学员中心上传了三份资料：1.KK三步法的文字资料；2.KK 三步法的录屏讲解；3.97年到07年的AB句对照阅读材料；这是我们开课前最基本的学习材料，学习完这些内容，我们可以基本了解题思路。

如果有疑惑，也不要着急，我们接下来的课程就会帮助大家解决这些疑惑。

找到问题是成功的第一步，接下来逐步解决就好。

今天给大家的资料是今年阅读的热点材料之一：关于性别平等问题。

同时我们也给大家命制了题目。

大家可以试着练手！今年，我们会给英语二的同学专门一晚直播课讲解英语二的最新动态和解题思路。

从历年的反馈来看，听完五夜十篇的英语二的同学考分都很高。

我们一起努力吧。

2017年9月18日星期一
Text1
It’s almost become a clichéto note that women are still under-earning compared to men in the workforce.But maybe this reality shouldn’t keep surprising us.The recent headlines miss an important part of the work-life balance story:plenty of working mothers are earning less than men because they want the sort of jobs and working arrangements which indeed pay less.Current labor statistics bear out these fantasies:women are twice as likely as men to work part-time even though they are also more likely to be college-educated and thus more marketable.
We spill a lot of ink trying to account for this seeming failure: corporate America doesn’t do enough for families(undoubtedly true). Government doesn’t do enough for families.(Ditto.)But there’s a certain condescension in these explanations,as if we can’t quite believe a woman knows her own mind.Even in countries like the Netherlands, with a tightly woven safety net and a high degree of gender equality,the majority of mothers still opt for more time at home with their families. And why not?Maybe it’s time to stop searching for societal ills or individual pathologies to explain this fact.
The costs of being a part-time worker can be high:lower pay and a sense of diminished value or exclusion,risk of lay-offs,as well as missed opportunities for promotions and praise.But these negatives may in fact
be exaggerated or at the least offset by the equivalent downsides to full-time employment.The Pew poll found no difference at all on job satisfaction between full and part-time workers.
The benefits of part-time work are substantial.Parents can be wage earners and role models without,literally,losing sleep.They can preserve most of their professional identity and work skills but still provide support to a wider group of dependents than would be possible with a full-time schedule,and without going insane in the process.
Every family decision doesn’t have to be contested:who’s cooking, who’s“on duty”tonight,who gets to take the business trip and who is left behind to pick up the kids.These complexities don’t disappear with part-time work,of course,but they’re just a whole lot easier to navigate. And you can forego some of the expenses that full-time workers need to offset their fatigue and time crunch:take-out dinners and house cleaning, for example,or buying a second car in lieu of public transportation.
It’s true that the trend toward part-time,benefit-free employment can be financially ruinous to individual workers.One fifth of the country’s jobs are part-time,and many are low-skilled,dead end positions.But it’s easy to overlook how unrewarding full-time employment can be for many people,too–especially when the researchers and reporters and pundits who write about workforce trends tend to have fascinating,flexible jobs with decent pay.
We should stop limiting what women and men value by insisting that everyone has the same work aspirations.Some of us don’t want to spend the most productive and precious years of our lives trapped at the water cooler with our‘work spouses,’and we’re willing to pay the price.
21.It can be inferred from Paragraph1that________.
[A]the majority of women enjoy the less-paid jobs and working arrangements
[B]women generally experience higher unemployment rates than men
[C]workers in part-time jobs are usually paid less than those in full-time jobs
[D]women have the same access to college education as their male counterparts
22.What can we know about the Netherlands?
[A]It has established a sound social security system,especially for women.
[B]The degree of inequality between men and women is relatively low.
[C]Most mothers choose to be stay-at-home moms for their families.
[D]There are more housewives than working mothers.
23.It can be implied from Paragraph3that the disadvantages of part-time employment________.
[A]far outweigh its advantages
[B]may be balanced by its advantages
[C]are no more than those of full-time employment
[D]may actually be less scary than people think
24.Which of the following is the advantage of part-lime work?
[A]Taking care of the families without missing opportunities for promotions.
[B]Comping with daily chores mostly by mothers.
[C]Cutting the expenses on various products that would be required by full-time work.
[D]Enjoying holiday pay,sick pay and other extras that come with the job.
25.What is the author’s attitude toward mothers with part-time job?
[A]Indifferent.[B]Suspicious.
[C]Pessimistic.[D]Positive.
Text1
21.[答案][C]
[解析]推理判断题。

根据题干提示可定位至第一段。

该段第三句指出许多上班族妈妈赚得比男性少，是因为她们想要的这种工作和工作安排确实报酬低。

该段最后一句指出，女性做兼职工作的可能性是男性的两倍，由此可知女性想要的工作是兼职工作，因此兼职工作的薪酬要少于全职，故[C]正确。

由该段第三句可知，许多上班族妈妈想要的这种工作和工作安排确实报酬低，而非她们喜欢低薪酬的工作及工作安排，故排除[A]；该段并未提及有关男性和女性的失业率问题，故排除[B]；由该段最后一句可知，目前的劳工数据证实了这些猜想：女性兼职的可能性是男性的两倍，尽管女性也更可能受过大学教育，并因此更具有市场竞争力，从该句无法推出女性与男性拥有同等的接受大学教育的机会，[D]为过度推断，故排除。

22.[答案][B]
[解析]事实细节题。

根据题干关键词the Netherlands定位至第二段。

由该段第三句可知，荷兰安全保障体系健全，性别高度平等，由此可知其男女不平等的程度相对较低，故[B]正确。

根据第二段第三句可知，荷兰保障体系健全，而不是荷兰对女性的社会保障体系健全，故排除[A]；该段第三句指出在荷兰大部分母亲还是选择花更多的时间陪伴家庭，而非大多数母亲为了家庭选择做家庭主妇，[C]属于过度推断，故排除；根据该段第三句也并不能推出家庭主妇的人数要多于职业女性，故排除[D]。

23.[答案][C]
[解析]推理判断题。

根据题干提示定位至第三段。

该段第二句指出，事实上兼职工作的消极影响可能都被夸大了，或者至少可能被全职工作带来的同等的负面影响抵消了。

由此推出，兼职的弊端等于或少于全职的弊端，故[C]为正确答案。

该段并未比较兼职工作的弊端与优势孰轻孰重，因此[A]、[B]均与原文不符，予以排除；由该段推断不出人们对兼职弊端的恐惧，故排除[D]。

24.[答案][C]
[解析]事实细节题。

根据题干关键词advantage of part-time work定位至第四、五段。

根据第五段第三句可知，做兼职可以省下一些全职工作者用来减少疲惫和解决时间紧张所需要的开支，故[C]正确。

第四段第三句指出，兼职工作者能照顾到更多的家庭成员，同时保留自身大部分的职业特征和工作技能，而非不用失去升职的机会，故排除[A]；第五段表明夫妻共同处理家务，故排除[B]；这两段并未提及兼职工作者可以享有假期薪水、病假薪水以及其他工作福利，故排除[D]。

25.[答案][D]
[解析]观点态度题。

作者在文章最后一段指出，我们不应该认为每个人都对工作有同等的追求，并以此限定男女的价值。

由此可见，作者对于做兼职工作的母亲的态度是肯定的，故[D]正确。

[A]“漠不关心的”、[B]“怀疑的”和[C]“悲观的”都与文意不符，予以排除。

【参考译文】
职业女性相比男性而言收入仍然很低，这几乎成了陈词滥调。

但也许这一事实不应再令我们震惊。

(21)最近的新闻报道忽略了工作和生活平衡的一个重要部分：许多上班族妈妈赚得比男性少是因为她们想要的这种工作和工作安排确实报酬低。

目前的劳工数据证实了这些猜想：女性兼职的可能性是男性的两倍，尽管女性也更可能接受过大学教育，并因此更具有市场竞争力。

我们用了大量笔墨去解释这种貌似失败的现象：美国公司并没有对家庭作出足够的付出，而且政府对家庭也做得不够。

(22)但是，甚至在一些像荷兰这样安全保障体系健全和性别高度平等的国家，大部分母亲还是选择花更多的时间陪伴家庭。

为什么不呢？也许是时候停止搜寻社会弊端或是个人异常状态来解释这一现象了。

做兼职工作也许要付出很高的代价：工资低，觉得自我价值得不到实现或感到被排斥，有下岗的风险，还会错过晋升奖励的机会。

(23)但是，事实上这些消极影响可能都被夸大了，或者至少可能被全职工作带来的同等的负面影响所抵消。

皮尤民意调查显示，全职和兼职工作者对工作的满意度并没有区别。

兼职工作的好处不胜枚举。

父母都可以既养家糊口，又做孩子的榜样，而且真的不用失眠。

他们可以保留自身大部分的职业特征和工作技能，同时相比全职工作，他们能照顾到更多的家庭成员，而且在此过程中不会抓狂。

夫妻不用就家庭的每一个决定而争论不休：谁做饭、谁今晚“值班”、谁去出差、谁留下来接孩子。

这些复杂的事情当然不会因为兼职工作而消失，但是处理起来要远远轻松得多。

(24)并且，你还可以省下一些全职工作者用来减轻疲惫和解决时间紧张所需要的开支，如买外卖和打扫卫生，或是买二手车代替坐公共交通。

对于个体工作者而言，选择兼职、没有福利的工作的趋势的确对其自身财政状况造成了麻烦。

美国有五分之一的工作为兼职，许多是技术含量较低、没有晋升机会的岗位。

但是人们很容易忽略全职对许多人而言也是没有回报的这一事实——尤其是在那些撰写工作趋势的研究人员、记者和专家们做着有趣灵活的工作，还拿着高薪的情况下。

(25)我们不应该认为每个人都对工作有同等的追求，并以此限定男女的价值。

我们中有些人不想把生命中最精力充沛和最宝贵的时间花费在与同事们一起束缚在饮水机边，而且我
们愿意付出代价。