Applying ANP for Measuring the Performance of Marine Logistics Information Platform in Taiwan

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投诉信英语作文大学

Dear Sir or Madam,I am writing to express my dissatisfaction regarding the quality of the English course I have recently enrolled in at our university.I believe it is imperative that the issues I have encountered are addressed promptly to ensure the educational experience for all students is of the highest standard.Firstly,I have noticed that the course materials provided are outdated and do not align with the current syllabus.This has led to confusion and a lack of clarity in understanding the course objectives.The outdated textbooks do not cover the latest trends and methodologies in the field of English language teaching,which is a significant drawback for students aiming to excel in their studies.Secondly,the teaching methods employed by the course instructor are not conducive to an interactive and engaging learning environment.The lectures are monotonous and lack the necessary stimulation to maintain student interest.The absence of group discussions, practical exercises,and reallife examples makes it difficult for students to apply the concepts learned in class to realworld scenarios.Moreover,the assessment criteria for the course are unclear and inconsistent.The grading system seems arbitrary,and there is a lack of transparency in how the final grades are determined.This has caused anxiety among students,as they are unsure of what is expected of them to succeed in the course.Additionally,the lack of timely feedback on assignments and exams is another area of concern.Students are left in the dark about their performance and areas of improvement, which hinders their ability to learn and grow academically.Constructive criticism and prompt feedback are essential for students to understand their strengths and weaknesses and to work on improving their skills.Lastly,the course schedule is not flexible and does not accommodate the diverse needs of students.Many students have parttime jobs or other commitments,and the rigid timetable makes it challenging for them to balance their academic and personal lives.A more flexible approach to scheduling would greatly benefit the students and enhance their overall learning experience.In light of these concerns,I kindly request that the university administration takes immediate action to address these issues.I suggest the following steps be taken:1.Update the course materials to reflect the current syllabus and incorporate the latesttrends in English language teaching.2.Encourage the course instructor to adopt more interactive and engaging teaching methods,such as group discussions,practical exercises,and reallife examples.3.Clarify the assessment criteria and ensure transparency in the grading system.4.Provide timely and constructive feedback on assignments and exams to help students understand their performance and areas for improvement.5.Review the course schedule and consider implementing a more flexible timetable to accommodate the diverse needs of students.I am confident that by addressing these concerns,the university can enhance the quality of the English course and provide a more fulfilling educational experience for all students.Thank you for your attention to this matter.I look forward to a prompt and positive response.Yours sincerely,Your Name。

高三英语大学申请流程复杂练习题30题

高三英语大学申请流程复杂单选题30题1. You need to take the SAT or ACT for most college applications. What is the main purpose of these tests?A. To show your creativity.B. To measure your academic ability.C. To test your physical fitness.D. To evaluate your social skills.答案：B。

解析：SAT 和ACT 主要是用来衡量学生的学术能力，A 选项创造力不是这些考试的主要目的，C 选项测试身体素质和D 选项评估社交技能都不对。

2. What is one of the essential materials for college applications?A. A love letter.B. A personal statement.C. A comic book.D. A shopping list.答案：B。

解析：个人陈述是大学申请的重要材料之一，A 选项情书、C 选项漫画书、D 选项购物清单都不是申请材料。

3. When preparing college applications, you should start early because...A. You can have more time to play games.B. There are many steps and it takes time.C. You can wait for the last minute.D. Colleges don't care about early applications.答案：B。

解析：准备大学申请应该尽早开始，因为申请有很多步骤且需要时间，A 选项有更多时间玩游戏不对，C 选项等到最后一分钟是错误的做法，D 选项大学不在乎早申请错误。

英语作文六级

英语作文六级英文回答：Applying for graduate studies in the United States asan international student can be a challenging and rewarding experience. There are many factors to consider, including the cost, the application process, and the cultural differences.Cost。

The cost of graduate school in the United States can be significant. Tuition and fees vary depending on the school, the program, and the student's residency status. In general, international students can expect to pay more than domestic students. In addition to tuition and fees, international students may also need to pay for housing, food, health insurance, and other expenses.Application Process。

The application process for graduate school in the United States can be competitive. International students must typically submit a strong academic record, a statement of purpose, letters of recommendation, and proof of English language proficiency. Some schools may also require an interview. The application deadline varies depending on the school and the program.Cultural Differences。

原创2：Period One Reading

You are recognized as a real inventor;
You can make money if you sell your invention to others.
Discussion
Discuss with your partner what the advantages might be of getting a patent.
Detailed Reading:
1. The purpose in writing this text is A. to show us how to trap the snakes but not to kill them B. to tell people how to apply for a patent of the writer's new idea C. to introduce the writer's new idea of trapping the snakes and her application for a patent D. to tell the readers how to get a new idea and make it a patent
3.What are the three creative steps that the writer takes to catch the snakes without hurting them?
Step 1: She bought a stainless steel ice cream maker and froze the bowl. She added ice cubes to the top of the bowl to keep it cold. She placed it over the snakes’ habitat during the day so that the snakes would become sleepy and could be easily caught.

高三英语应用文写作之申请信词汇句型讲义

（请将词汇和句式部分裁剪后贴在自己的笔记本上）练习九申请信词汇1.applicant 申请人2.in response to /应对3.employ/recruit 雇佣4.be fluent in..在....流利5.have a good command of 精通6.outgoing personality 外向人格anizational ability 组织能力8.offer help提供帮助9.volunteer to help others . 乐于助人10.live up to one’s expectation 合乎某人的期待11.take.. into consideration/account 考虑12.send me more information. 给我更多信息13.vacant position空岗14.offer sb sth /offer sth to sb 提供某人某物15.be skilled in... 在……方面熟练16..be good at..…/be expert in.. 擅长/精通于……17.in need of 需要18.have a good command/knowledge of 掌握/能驾驭19.be competent for. 胜任20.be fit/suitable for/be qualified for 适合/有……的资格21.have rich working experience 有丰富的工作经验22.apply for sth 申请23.cooperate with 与（某人）协作，合作24.be bound to... 肯定，注定，必定25.be interested in 对....感兴趣26.present address/phone number 现在的通讯地址27.be enthusiastic about 热爱....可用句式：I am writing to apply for.........兹申请I would like to apply for.......我想申请Born in …in…, I graduated from…University majoring in …I have been working in …since my graduation, and I have therefore attained rich experience in this field.……年，我出生于……，毕业于……大学……专业。

广东省部分中学2023高中英语必修二Unit5Music重点易错题

广东省部分中学2023高中英语必修二Unit5Music重点易错题单选题1、You ________ to drag yourself out of bed in the morning and can’t get going without a strong coffee. A．referB．struggleC．applyD．enable答案：B考查动词词义辨析。

句意：早上你挣扎着把自己从床上拽起来，如果不喝一杯浓咖啡就走不动了。

A. refer提及；B. struggle挣扎、艰难行进；C. apply申请；D. enable使可能。

结合“drag yourself out of bed in the morning”可知，应该是挣扎着把自己从床上拽起来，表明起不来床。

故选B项。

2、________ in the conservation of ocean life, Hannah learnt much knowledge about environmental problems. A．InvolvesB．InvolvedC．InvolvingD．Having involved答案：B考查非谓语动词。

句意：参与海洋生物保护，汉娜学习了很多关于环境问题的知识。

固定短语be involved in“涉及，专心；参与”，省略be动词，用过去分词，作状语。

故选B。

3、Will it suit your _________ that we meet at 7.00 o'clock this evening? A．satisfactionB．appointmentC．delightD．convenience答案：D考查名词词义辨析。

句意：我们今晚7点见面，你看方便吗?A.satisfaction 满意；B.appointment 约会，预约，约定；C.delight 高兴；D.convenience 方便。

高三英语大学申请流程单选题30题

高三英语大学申请流程单选题30题1. When filling out the university application form, your full name should be written _____.A. clearlyB. clearC. clarityD. clearing答案：A。

本题考查副词的用法。

clearly 是副词，修饰动词written，表示“清晰地”；clear 是形容词，不能修饰动词；clarity 是名词；clearing 不是合适的形式。

2. In the personal information section of the application, your date of birth must be provided _____.A. exactlyB. exactC. exactnessD. exacting答案：A。

exactly 是副词，修饰动词provided，意为“准确地”；exact 是形容词；exactness 是名词；exacting 不是正确形式。

3. Your contact details, including phone number and email address, should be filled in _____.A. correctlyB. correctC. correctnessD. correcting答案：A。

correctly 是副词，修饰动词filled in，指“正确地”；correct 是形容词；correctness 是名词；correcting 不符合用法。

4. For the question about your nationality, you need to answer _____.A. preciseB. preciselyC. precisenessD. precisian答案：B。

perform考研英语阅读

Perform and Excel in Postgraduate EnglishReading ComprehensionIn the journey of preparing for the postgraduate entrance examination, English reading comprehension holds a pivotal position. It not only评估s a candidate's language proficiency but also tests their critical thinking and analytical skills. Therefore, to perform well in this section, a strategic and focused approach is essential.The foundation stone of excellent performance in English reading is a solid vocabulary. A rich vocabulary enables a candidate to comprehend a wide range of texts, from scientific articles to literary passages. Regularly revising and expanding one's vocabulary through reading, word games, and vocabulary-building exercises is crucial. Another key aspect is understanding sentence structure and grammar. This understanding helps in decoding complex sentences and grasping the intended meaning of the author. Practicing grammar exercises and analyzing sentence structure in different contexts can significantly improve one's reading comprehension.Practicing regularly with mock test papers and sample questions is invaluable. This not only familiarizes candidates with the exam format but also helps themidentify their weak areas. Analyzing their mistakes and working on them can lead to significant improvements.Moreover, reading habitually is a must. Reading a variety of texts, including newspapers, magazines, novels, and academic articles, broadens one's perspective and enhances comprehension skills. Regular reading also improves reading speed and accuracy.During the exam, it is essential to manage time efficiently. Candidates should allocate sufficient time to each passage and avoid getting stuck on a single question. If a question seems difficult, it is advisable to move on and come back to it later.In conclusion, performing well in postgraduate English reading comprehension requires a combination of strategic planning, regular practice, and a habit of reading. By investing time and effort in vocabulary building, grammar practice, and reading, candidates can significantly improvetheir chances of scoring well in this section and secure a place in their desired postgraduate program.**考研英语阅读：提升表现策略**在考研的征程中，英语阅读理解占据了举足轻重的地位。

2023年12月英语四级真题2

2023年12月大学英语四级考试试题Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of Creating a Green Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below:1. 建设绿色校园很重要2. 绿色校园不仅指绿色旳环境……3. 为了建设绿色校园，我们应当……Creating a Green CampusPart Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Colleges taking another look at value of merit-based aidGood grades and high tests scores still matter—a lot—to many colleges as they award financial aid.But with low-income students projected to make up an ever-larger share of the college-bound population in coming years, some schools are re-examining whether that aid, typically known as“merit aid”, is the most effective use of precious institutional dollars.George Washington University in Washington, D.C., for example, said last week that it would cut the value of its average merit scholarships by about one-third and reduce the number of recipients(接受者), pouring the savings, about $2.5 million, into need-based aid. Allegheny College in Meadville, Pa., made a similar decision three years ago.Now, Hamilton College in Clinton, N.Y., says it will phase out merit scholarships altogether. No current merit-aid recipients will lose their scholarships, but need-based aid alone will be awarded beginning with students entering in fall 2023.Not all colleges offer merit aid; generally, the more selective a school, the less likely it is to do so. Harvard and Princeton, for example, offer generous need-based packages, but many families who don’t meet need eligibility(资格)have been willing to pay whatever they must for a big-name school.For small regional colleges that struggle just to fill seats, merit aid can be an important revenue-builder because many recipients still pay enough tuition dollars over and above the scholarship amount to keep the institution running.But for rankings-conscious schools in between, merit aid has served primarily as a tool to recruit top students and to improve their academic profits. “They’re trying to buy students,”says Skidmore College economist Sandy Baum.Studies show merit aid also tends to benefit disproportionately s tudents who could afford to enroll without it.“As we look to the future, we see a more pressing need to invest in need-based aid,” says Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, which has offered merit scholarships for 10 years. During that time, it rose in US News & World Repor t’s ranking of the best liberal arts colleges, from 25 to 17.Merit aid, which benefited about 75 students a year, or about 4% of its student body, at a cost of about $ 1 million a year, “served us well,” Inzer says, but “to be discounting the price for families that don’t need financial aid doesn’t feel right any more.”Need-based aid remains by far the largest share of all student aid, which includes state, federal and institutional grants. But merit aid, offered primarily by schools and states, is growing faster, both overall and at the institutional level.Between 1995-96 and 2023-04, institutional merit aid alone increased 212%, compared with 47% for need-based grants. At least 15 states also offer merit aid, typically in a bid to enroll top students in the state’s public institutions.But in recent years, a growing chorus(异口同声)of critics has begun pressuring schools to drop the practice. Recent decisions by Hamilton and others may be “a sign that people are starting to realize that there’s this destructive competition going on,” says Baum, co-author of a recent College Report that raises concerns about the role of institutional aid not based on need.David Laird, president of the Minnesota Private College Council, says many of his schools would like to reduce their merit aid but fear that in doing so, they would lose top students to their competitors.“No one can take one-sided action,”says Laird, who is exploring whether to seek an exemption(豁免)from federal anti-trust laws so member colleges can discuss how they could jointly reduce merit aid, “This is a merry-go-round that’s going very fast, and none of the institutions believe they can sustain the risks of trying to break away by themselves.”A complicating factor is that merit aid has become so popular with middle-income families, who don’t qualify for need-based aid, that many have come to depend on it. And, as tuitions continue to increase, the line between merit and need blurs.That’s one reason Allegheny College doesn’t plan to drop merit aid entirely.“We still believe in rewarding superior achievements and know that these top students truly value the scholarship,” says Scott Friedhoff, Allegheny’s vice president for enrollment.Emory University in Atlanta, which boasts a $4.7 billion endowment(捐赠), meanwhile, is taking another approach. This year, it announced it would eliminate loans for needy students and cap them for middle-income families. At the same time, it would expand its 28-year-old merit program.“Yeah, we’re playing the merit game,” acknowledges Tom Lancaster, associate dean for undergraduate education. But it has its strong point, too, he says. “The fact of the matter is, it’s not just about the lowest-income people. It’s the average American middle-class family who’s being priced out of the market.”*A few words about merit-based aid:Merit-based aid is aid offered to students who achieve excellence in a given area, and isgenerally known as academic, athletic and artistic merit scholarships.Academic merit scholarships are based on students’grades, GPA and overall academic performance during high school. They are typically meant for students going straight to college right after high school. However, there are scholarships for current college students with exceptional grades as well. These merit scholarships usually help students pay tuition bills, and they can be renewed each year as long as the recipients continue to qualify. In some cases, students may need to be recommended by their school or a teacher as part of the qualification process.Athletic merit scholarships are meant for students that excel(突出)in sports of any kind, from football to track and field events. Recommendation for these scholarships is required, since exceptional athletic performance has to be recognized by a coach or a referee(裁判). Applicants need to send in a tape containing their best performance.Artistic merit scholarships require that applicants excel in a given artistic area. This generally includes any creative field such as art, design, fashion, music, dance or writing. Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requires that students submit a portfolio(选辑)of some sort, whether that includes a collection of artwork, a recording of a musical performance or a video of them dancing.1. With more and more low-income students pursuing higher education, a number of colleges are ________.A) offering students more merit-based aid B) revising their financial aid policiesC) increasing the amount of financial aid D) changing their admission processes2. What did Allegheny College in Meadville do three years ago?A) It tried to implement a novel financial aid program.B) It added $ 2.5 million to its need-based aid program.C) It phased out its merit-based scholarships altogether.D) It cuts its merit-based aid to help the needy students.3. The chief purpose of rankings-conscious colleges in offering merit aid is to ______.A) improve teaching quality B) boost their enrollmentsC) attract good students D) increase their revenues4. Monica Inzer, dean of admission and financial aid at Hamilton, believes ______.A) it doesn’t pay to spend $ 1 million a year to raise its rankingB) it gives students motivation to award academic achievementsC) it’s illogical to use so much money on only 4% of its studentsD) it’s not right to give aid to those who can afford the tuition5. In recent years, merit-based aid has increased much faster than need-based aid due to ______.A) more government funding to colleges B) fierce competition among institutionsC) the increasing number of top students D) schools’ improved financial situations6. What is the attitude of many private colleges toward merit aid, according to David Laird?A) They would like to see it reduced.B) They regard it as a necessary evil.C) They think it does more harm than good.D) They consider it unfair to middle-class families.7. Why doesn’t Allegheny College plan to drop merit aid entirely?A) Raising tuitions have made college unaffordable for middle-class families.B) With rising incomes, fewer students are applying for need-based aid.C) Many students from middle-income families have come to rely on it.D) Rising incomes have disqualified many students for need-based aid.8. Annual renewal of academic merit scholarships depends on whether the recipients remain ______.9. Applicants for athletic merit scholarships need a recommendation from a coach or a referee who ______ their exceptional athletic performance.10. Applicants for artistic merit scholarships must produce evidence to show their ______ ina particular artistic fieldPart Ⅲ Listening Comprehension (35 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause.During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which the best answer is. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.11. A) Get some small change. B) Find a shopping center.C) Cash a check at a bank. D) Find a parking meter.12. A) Shopping with his son. B) Buying a gift for a child.C) Promoting a new product. D) Bargaining with a salesgirl.13. A) Taking photographs. B) Enhancing images.C) Mending cameras. D) Painting pictures.14. A) He moved to Baltimore when he was young.B) He can provide little useful information.C) He will show the woman around Baltimore.D) He will ask someone else to help the woman.15. A) He is rather disappointed. B) He is highly ambitious.C) He can’t face up to the situation D) He knows his own limitation.16. A) She must have paid a lot B) She is known to have a terrific figure.C) Her gym exercise has yielded good results.D) Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy.17. A) Female students are unfit for studying physics.B) He can serve as the woman’s tutor.C) Physics is an important course at school.D) The professor’s suggestion is constructive.18. A) Indifferent. B) Doubtful. C) Pleased. D) Surprised.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) He prefers the smaller evening classes. B) He has signed up for a day course.C) He has to work during the day. D) He finds the evening course cheaper.20. A) Learn a computer language. B) Learn data processing.C) Buy some computer software. D) Buy a few coursebooks.21. A) Thursday evening, from 7:00 to 9:45. B) From September 1 to New Year’s eve.C) Every Monday, lasting for 12 weeks. D) Three hours a week, 45 hours in total.22. A) What to bring for registration. B) Where to attend the class.C) How he can get to Frost Hall. D) Whether he can use a check.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) A training coach. B) A trading adviser.C) A professional manager. D) A financial trader.24. A) He can save on living expenses. B) He considers cooking creative.C) He can enjoy healthier food. D) He thinks take-away is tasteless.25. A) It is something inevitable. B) It is frustrating sometimes.C) It takes patience to manage. D) It can be a good thing.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) There were no planets without moons. B) There was no air or water on Jupiter.C) Life was not possible in outer space. D) The mystery of life could not be resolved.27. A) It has a number of active volcanoes. B) It has an atmosphere like the earth’s.C) It has a large ocean under its surface. D) It has deep caves several miles long.28. A) Light is not an essential element to it. B) Life can form in very hot temperatures.C) Every form of life undergoes evolution. D) Oxygen is not needed for some life forms. Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) Whether they should take the child home.B) What Dr. Mayer’s instructions exactly were.C) Who should take care of the child at home.D) When the child would completely recover.30. A) She encourages them to ask questions when in doubt.B) She makes them write down all her instructions.C) She has them act out what they are to do at home.D) She asks them to repeat what they are supposed to do.31. A) It lacks the stability of the printed word. B) It contains many grammatical errors.C) It is heavily dependent on the context. D) It facilitates interpersonal communication.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) Job security. B) Good labour relations.C) Challenging work. D) Attractive wages and benefits.33. A) Many tedious jobs continue to be done manually.B) More and more unskilled workers will lose jobs.C) Computers will change the nature of many jobs.D) Boring jobs will gradually be made enjoyable.34. A) Offer them chances of promotion.B) Improve their working conditions.C) Encourage them to compete with each other.D) Give them responsibilities as part of a team.35. A) They will not bring real benefits to the staff.B) They concern a small number of people only.C) They are arbitrarily set by the administrators.D) They are beyond the control of ordinary workers.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上。

高考英语模拟作文怎么说

高考英语模拟作文怎么说When preparing for the Gaokao, the Chinese national college entrance examination, English composition is a critical component that requires a strategic approach. Here's how you can effectively tackle English composition in your Gaokao simulation:1. Understand the Prompt: Before you start writing, make sure you fully understand what the prompt is asking for. Look for keywords and phrases that will guide your response.2. Plan Your Composition: Spend a few minutes outlining your essay. Decide on the main points you want to cover and how they will support your thesis statement.3. Write a Strong Introduction: Your introduction should grab the reader's attention and clearly state the purpose of your essay. It should also include a thesis statement thatoutlines the main argument or point of your composition.4. Develop Your Body Paragraphs: Each paragraph should focus on one main idea that supports your thesis. Use clear topic sentences and provide evidence or examples to back up your points.5. Use a Variety of Sentence Structures: To demonstrate your command of English, vary your sentence length and structure. Include complex sentences where appropriate to enhance youressay.6. Vocabulary Matters: Use a range of vocabulary, but ensure that the words you choose are appropriate for the context and that you use them correctly.7. Proofread: Always leave some time to proofread your work. Check for grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, and ensure that your sentences flow logically from one to the next.8. Practice Regularly: The more you write, the better youwill become. Use past Gaokao essays as practice and seek feedback from your teachers or peers.9. Time Management: During the actual exam, keep an eye on the clock. Allocate your time wisely to ensure you have enough time to complete your composition.10. Stay Calm and Focused: The Gaokao can be a high-pressure situation, but staying calm and focused will help you think more clearly and express your ideas effectively.Remember, the goal of the Gaokao English composition is not just to test your ability to write in English but also to assess your ability to think critically and communicate complex ideas. By following these steps, you can improve your performance in English composition during your Gaokao simulation.。

Measuring the CHP performance of a PEMFC

Identifying and quantifying energy savings on ﬁred plant using low cost modelling techniquesRobert Tucker a ,⇑,John Ward ba Zerontec Energy Consultancy,Stratford-upon-Avon CV376PQ,United KingdombFaculty of Advanced Technology,University of Glamorgan,Pontypridd CF371DL,United Kingdoma r t i c l e i n f o Article history:Received 21July 2010Received in revised form 17September 2010Accepted 27January 2011Available online xxxx Keywords:Heat transfer Modelling Radiation Combustion Furnacesa b s t r a c tCombustion in ﬁred heaters,boilers and furnaces often accounts for the major energy consumption on industrial processes.Small improvements in efﬁciency can result in large reductions in energy consump-tion,CO 2emissions,and operating costs.This paper will describe some useful low cost modelling tech-niques based on the zone method to help identify energy saving opportunities on high temperature fuel-ﬁred process plant.The zone method has for many decades,been successfully applied to small batch furnaces through to large steel-reheating furnaces,glass tanks,boilers and ﬁred heaters on petrochemical plant.Zone models can simulate both steady-state furnace operation and more complex transient operation typical of a pro-duction environment.These models can be used to predict thermal efﬁciency and performance,and more importantly,to assist in identifying and predicting energy saving opportunities from such measures as: Improving air/fuel ratio and temperature controls. Improved insulation.Use of oxygen or oxygen enrichment. Air preheating via ﬂue gas heat recovery.Modiﬁcation to furnace geometry and hearth loading.There is also increasing interest in the application of refractory coatings for increasing surface radia-tion in ﬁred plant.All of the techniques can yield savings ranging from a few percent upwards and can deliver rapid ﬁnancial payback,but their evaluation often requires robust and reliable models in order to increase conﬁdence in making ﬁnancial investment decisions.This paper gives examples of how low cost modelling techniques can be applied to improve conﬁdence in implementing energy efﬁciency improvements whilst safeguarding manufacturing output and quality.Ó2011Elsevier Ltd.All rights reserved.1.IntroductionModelling is applied in many ﬁelds ranging from climate and weather forecasting to predicting the performance of the stock market.In the ﬁeld of energy conservation on industrial processes,modelling can provide reliable assessments of the losses and the potential for improved efﬁciency and performance.Unfortunately,the beneﬁts afforded by modelling are often ignored on the basis that models are too expensive or complex to apply,and that it is often simpler and quicker to rely on engineering experience and simple ‘‘rules-of-thumb’’.For example,application of large compu-tational ﬂuid dynamic programmes can involve prohibitively large expense in expertise and computing resources.However,simpler mathematical models can provide an alternative approach,which can be equally powerful when evaluating a number of alternative options for improving plant performance.Rhine and Tucker [1],Mullinger and Jenkins [2]and Baukal and Schwartz [3]all describe techniques for mathematical modelling of industrial combustion plant.Many of the techniques described are based on the zone method ﬁrst originally developed by Hottel and Saroﬁm [4].The energy efﬁciency of high temperature plant can have a ma-jor impact on the unit cost of production.Often the fuel burnt in a furnace or ﬁred heater accounts for the major source of energy consumption within a manufacturing process.Measures such as ﬂue stack heat recovery and improvements to the insulation and controls,have to be carefully applied to ensure that product quality and productivity are not adversely affected.The potential risk to production is often used as a reason for not investing in improved energy saving measures.This paper gives examples of how low cost modelling techniques can be applied to improve conﬁ-dence in implementing energy efﬁciency improvements,whilst0306-2619/$-see front matter Ó2011Elsevier Ltd.All rights reserved.doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.01.061Corresponding author.Tel./fax:+44(0)1789298659.E-mail address:robertjtucker@ (R.Tucker).safeguarding manufacturing output and quality.A general descrip-tion of the zone modelling technique willﬁrst be described.This will then be followed by description of its application to examples of industrial furnaces andﬁred heaters.2.Background to the zone methodTo improve thermal efﬁciency,a furnace should be designed to ensure maximum heat is transferred to the load surface and that the heat losses through the walls and in the gases leaving the process are minimised.Thermal radiation is usually the dominant mode of heat transfer in high temperature industrial combustion equipment.Radiation is emitted from the hot com-bustion products on account of the CO2and H2O in the combus-tion products,and this radiation is transmitted,reﬂected and absorbed within the furnace chamber.The complex interchange of radiation in a furnace can be modelled using the zone method.In the zone method,the radiating enclosure is subdivided into a number of isothermal surface and volume elements(zones).A total energy balance is formulated around each surface or volume zone (i)which includes terms for:radiation leaving i,radiation arriving at i from all other zones j in the enclosure, enthalpyﬂow in and out of volume zone i due toﬂow of the combustion products,heat release due to combustion in volume zone i,convection to and from contiguous surface and volume zones.The radiation interchange is written in terms of radiation ex-change factors.The net radiationﬂux between any two zones is proportional to these factors and to the absolute temperatures to the fourth power.The factors are a function of the geometric orien-tation and radiative properties(emissivities)of the zones.The radi-ation from the hot combustion products is a function of their emissivity.These gases are not grey and include spectrally absorb-ing(and emitting)bands interspersed with clear non-participating bands or‘windows’in the spectrum.In the zone models described in this paper,the gases are represented by the weighted-sum-of-grey-gases modelﬁrst introduced by Hottel and Saroﬁm[4].In its simplest form,a single gas zone can be used to represent the furnace chamber.This is often referred to as the single well-stir-red zone(WSZ)model.The radiation interchange factors between a single gas zone and a load and a wall surface can be derived from simple algebraic expressions.This simple model,involves only three temperatures(combustion products,wall and load surface) and can provide a very powerful technique for evaluating energy savings.If there is a signiﬁcant temperature gradient through the fur-nace,such as within a continuous steel-reheating furnace,then a long furnace(LF)model can be applied.This entails a series of linked well-stirred zones with for example a wall surface and a load sur-face surrounding each gas zone.A typical conﬁguration of a long furnace model is shown in Fig.1.The long furnace model simulates the temperature proﬁle of the load as it moves through the furnace in counter-currentﬂow to the hot combustion products.Such models are able to predict:The speciﬁc fuel consumption.Theﬂue gas temperature and losses.The heat losses to the refractory walls and hearth.The internal and surface load temperatures at discharge and during the heating process.The internal wall temperatures.Both the WSZ and LF models can provide a complete heat bal-ance on a furnace,which is often the crucialﬁrst step in identifying opportunities for fuel saving.In larger furnaces there may be con-siderable variations in temperature across the length,width and height of the system and in these situations multi-zone two and three-dimensional zone models may be appropriate as described by Correia et al.[5].Some simple examples of applications will now be described starting with the WSZ model,followed by the LF model applied to both steady-state and transient furnace applications.3.Application of the WSZ modelThe single well-stirred gas zone model provides a valuableﬁrst step to evaluate energy saving options on fuel-ﬁred furnaces and heaters.A version has been developed in Visual Basic,which re-quires negligible computing resources.The model only requires the wall and load surface areas and the chamber volume to be speciﬁed.The radiation interchange between the gases and load plus any convective heat transfer is calculated,and the fuel input rate is derived which satisﬁes the following energy balance equa-tion on the furnace:Heat in fuelþHeat in air¼Heat to loadþHeat loss in flue gasesþHeat loss through walls3.1.A small continuous furnacePredictions for a natural gas furnace of hearth area5Â5m and height2m were prepared.The base case assumed an excess air level of25%with an exhaust gas temperature of1250°C,and a load surface temperature of900°C.The model predicts a ther-mal efﬁciency of29.6%net.This may be representative of a stea-dy-state metal heat treatment or metal melting application.The WSZ model was applied to evaluate a number of energy saving opportunities.The results are shown in Table1.The priority should be to reduce the excess air level,if this can be done without detriment to the safe operation of the plant,emis-sions or to product quality.Controlling excess air may be achieved though better burner air–fuel ratio control,or by preventing air in-gress into the furnace by pressure control and sealing of gaps and doors.The fuel saving achieved,then reduces the cost of subse-quent measures.For example if recuperation is applied,the size and installed cost of the equipment is reduced because smaller heat exchangers can be used.On high temperature plant,whereﬂue losses are signiﬁcant, oxygen enrichment or oxy-gasﬁring can achieve substantial sav-ings.The cost savings in reduced fuel consumption has to be greater than the cost of supplying the oxygen.Hence,it is important to minimise fuel consumption before applying oxygen. In this example,oxygen has been supplied at a rate that gives the sameﬂue gas oxygen concentration(1.1%).The level has to be set to ensure safe operation of the plant.In the oxy/gas case above,a total of0.049kg/s of natural gas is saved by supplying 0.177kg/s oxygen.To break even,the cost/kg of oxygen must be less than27%of the cost/kg of natural gas.The same break even cost ratio applies for the oxygen enriched combustion case.In the case of reducing excess air or applying oxygen,the pre-dictedﬂue gas temperature is reduced because the radiant emis-sivity of the gases is improved(owing to the high concentrations of CO2and H2O).2R.Tucker,J.Ward/Applied Energy xxx(2011)xxx–xxx3.2.Aﬁred heaterFired heaters account for the major energy consumption and carbon emissions on reﬁneries and petrochemical plant.They usu-ally comprise a high temperature radiant box in which combustion occurs.The hot gases radiate to a series of tubes containing high-pressure hydrocarbonﬂuids.On most largeﬁred heaters,the hot ﬂue gases leaving the radiant section are passed across a convec-tive tube bank to further heat the hydrocarbonﬂuids.On modern plant the heat in theﬂue gases may then be further recovered to preheat the combustion air or to generate steam.Safety is critical in these applications because of the serious consequences in the event of a release of high-pressure feedstock. The temperature at the top of the radiant section is often referred to as the bridge wall temperature(BWT).During operation,this must be maintained below a certain value to avoid overheating and potential failure of the tubes.A schematic of a typicalﬁred heater with convective tube bank and air preheater is shown in Fig.2.Over the last three decades,there has been a considerable inter-est in the application of coatings on the refractory walls of fuel-ﬁred furnaces for energy savings.It is claimed that these special coatings raise the emissivity of the surface and improve the radia-tive heat transfer and hence the thermal efﬁciency of the process. Products under various brand names are commercially available and can be applied by trowel or spray gun to the surface of hard face refractory or ceramicﬁbre walls.However,energy savings claims resulting from these products are often difﬁcult to verify because of the variable nature of plant operation.It has also been difﬁcult to forecast the savings on different applications be-cause most thermal design models for heat transfer in furnaces fail to show any inﬂuence of wall emissivity.This is due to the limita-tions of most models rather than the capability of the coating products.Docherty and Tucker[6]and Elliston et al.[7]independently showed that if the combustion products are assumed to be grey, then changing the wall emissivity in an enclosed furnace,has no effect on overall predicted heat transfer.This is because in general, for an adiabatic wall,these simple models do not distinguish be-tween radiation that is absorbed and re-radiated,and radiation that is reﬂected at the wall surface.By introducing a non-grey gas to represent more realistically the combustion products in the furnace,both authors identiﬁed improvements when emissiv-ity was raised.The radiation model used in the zone method uses a non-grey gas combustion model(the weighted-sum-of-grey-gas model)and is therefore able to predict the increase in radiant heat transfer with surface emissivity.A WSZ model has been applied to simulate the heat transfer enhancement in the radiant section of a typicalﬁred heater.The heater parameters are:Fig.1.A long furnace model representation of a small-scale steel-reheating furnace.Table1Prediction of fuel saving opportunities on a small continuous furnace.Flue gas O2%dry O2conc.v/v%Air preheat,T(°C)Exhaust gas,T(°C)Fuel input kW net Efﬁciency(%net)Fuel saving(%)Base case a 4.621151*********.6_ Reduced xsa b 1.121151243457839.124.3 Recuperator b 1.1213831243342752.343.3 Regenerator b 1.1218751243251271.458.5 Oxy-enriched 1.125151236372948.138.4 Oxy/gas 1.195151216222480.763.2a Excess air=25%.b Excess air reduced to5%.Fuel type Natural gas Excess air20%Thermal input 6907kW net Tube area110m 2Exposed wall area 152m 2section load 3187Convection section load 3098gas temperature downstream of the convection and ﬂue losses represent just 7.1%of the net emissivity in the model wasthen changed simulate application of a high emissivity coating.shown in Table 2.In Case 1,the total process and the model predicts the fuel saving.A negligible predicted.This is because the heater is already net thermal efﬁciency,and so there is little available to extract from the combustion products.model is able to predict a potential increase in version of the LF model can be very useful since most furnaces operate under non-steady-state conditions with variable through-put,changes in load size and scheduled and unscheduled breaks in production.In these models,which are described in detail by Rhine and Tucker [1],the transient conduction into both the steel billets and the refractory hearth and walls are calculated.The approach has been validated against operating data from a Fig.2.A schematic arrangement of a typical ﬁred heater.Fig. 3.Predicted and measured energy consumption on a continuous steel-reheating furnace.4.1.A small forging furnaceFig.4is an example of a small forging furnace used to reheat 150mm diameter steel bars to1150°C.There are many similar furnaces used in industry for reheating steel and non-ferrous met-als for rolling,forging or heat treatment applications.This study is based on a small furnace in Belarus.The original speciﬁcation is de-tailed in Table3.Since this furnace is used in a semi-continuous manner,with repeated cold starts every day,a transient long fur-nace model was applied[1].This model simulates the start-up of the furnace from cold.Under such conditions the heat stored in the refractory walls can represent a signiﬁcant energy loss.The furnace was represented by an11-zone LF model with zones of length0.36m.A time step of5s was applied to simulate the operation from cold.After150min,production is simulated with billets leaving from the hot zone1and cold billets entering zone11.The thermal input is modulated to simulate temperature control to maintain furnace roof temperature in zone1.To main-tain desired output,a roof set point temperature of1220°C was required.Six simulations were carried out as follows:(1)A base case simulation according to the current furnace.Unfortunately,there was no metered data so it was not pos-sible to establish the reliability of the predictions.(2)Simulation with the walls and roof replaced with light-weight ceramicﬁbre.(3)Repeat of Case1with an improvedﬂue gas recuperator(heatrecovery effectiveness increased to50%).(4)Repeat of Case2with improvedﬂue gas recuperator.(5)Base case but with a single recuperative burner installed athot end(replacing all existing burners).Flue gas pull back to recuperator=60%and40%of combustion products go onto the existingﬂue.As can be seen from these predictions,the largest single fuel saving($15%)is achieved by installing an improvedﬂue stack recuperator(Case3).Replacing the walls with ceramicﬁbre gives a fuel saving of around11%.Combining these options(Case4)gives a saving of$23%.The preferred optionﬁnancially is dependent on the cost of installation.However,the model provides reliable pre-diction of the running cost savings,which can be used to derive the ﬁnancial payback of each option.The model has also shown that in this application,installing a recuperative burner,although giving a12.5%fuel saving,may lead to excessive temperature differences in the billets,which may seri-ously reduce forging quality.This results from the change in heat ﬂux proﬁle along the hearth.Also,the furnace throughput is re-duced.This demonstrates how a model can help avoid bad invest-ment decisions.4.2.Application of heat recovery on a steel-reheating furnaceThe above application demonstrated how a recuperative burner could lead to poor performance.There are many applications where recuperative and regenerative burners can yield very signif-icant performance beneﬁing a steady-state LF model,a simple study was carried out to compare different options forﬂue gas heat recovery on a continuous natural-gasﬁred steel-reheating furnace, against performance with no heat recovery.These options were: Use of aﬂue stack recuperator(40%effective).Use of regenerative burners with an effectiveness of70%.The furnace is18.6m in length and heats steel bars of thickness 88mm to1100°C with a throughput of70Te/h.The furnace was modelled using a10-zone LF model.Burners are distributed along the length of the furnace in order to ensure that the steel is ade-quately‘soaked’before discharge.The originalﬁring proﬁle as shown in theﬁrst row in Table5was applied in the model and this predicted a steel temperature distribution through the furnace as shown in Fig.5resulting in a(top to bottom)temperature differ-ence in the steel at discharge of56°C.The model was then applied to predict the performance beneﬁts of the different heat recovery options.In the regenerative burner case,80%of theﬂue gases are pulled back into the burner to preheat the air.The remaining 20%of products travel to the mainﬂue stack.Theﬁring proﬁle and burner locations had to be adjusted as shown in Table5toFig.4.A schematic of the small forge furnace.Table3Speciﬁcation of the small forging furnace.Load details Size15mm diaÂ280mm lengthWeight38.6kgMaterial Carbon steelOutput temperature1150°CNo.of billets infurnace22(850kg)Throughput1000kg/hFurnace construction Length 4.1mWidth093mHearth Dense refractory brick2600kg/m3Walls and roof Insulatingﬁrebrick860kg/m3 Burner Number3Total max thermalinput54m3(s)/hExcess air5%Air preheat285°CProduction schedule 2.5h to start of forging16h production Table4Predicted results for the forge furnace.Case Condition OverallSFC(GJ/Te net)Saving(%)Steady-state SFCGJ/Te netT b(°C)D T(°C)kg/heff%net(%) 1Base case 1.728– 1.3911547098253.75 2CF walls 1.53910.94 1.2911517198357.89 3Recup50% 1.46715.10 1.1911567198262.71 4CFwalls+recup50%1.3322.92 1.191154739S262.715Recuperativeburner1.5112.50 1.29115115083657.89ensure that billet temperature difference at discharge was not ad-versely affected.The predicted efﬁciencies and steel temperature differences are given in Table 6.This ﬁnal choice depends on the installed cost of an end recu-perator compared to installing regenerative burners.5.ConclusionsThis paper has shown how low cost mathematical models based on the zone method for computation of radiation exchange in enclosures can be applied to evaluate fuel saving opportunities on a range of high temperature plant.In many applications there are often several opportunities that could be applied.It is impor-tant to identify low cost,fast pay-back options that should be given priority.These can then reduce the cost of more expensive solu-tions.This is demonstrated on a simple furnace where reducing the excess air is given priority.This then reduces the cost of more expensive measures such as ﬂue gas heat recovery or application of oxygen to the combustion process.In certain situations,fuel saving measures may lead to unex-pected reduction in throughput or product quality.When heating thick material such as steel billets or slabs,any impact on the heat ﬂux proﬁle and temperature distribution in the steel has to be carefully evaluated before investment is made.Steady-state anddimensional problems.A 3-dimensional zone model has recently been applied to simulate different low NO x ﬁring strategies on a glass-melting furnace [9].Data on the complex ﬂow and combus-tion ﬁelds were provided by computational ﬂuid dynamic simula-tions and by the use of physical models –in this case using the acid-alkali technique to simulate fuel/air mixing.References[1]Rhine JM,Tucker RJ.Modelling of gas-ﬁred furnaces and boilers.McGraw-Hill;1990.[2]Mullinger P,Jenkins B.Industrial and process furnaces.Elsevier;2008.[3]Baukal CE,Schwartz R.The John Zink combustion handbook.CRC Press;2001.[4]Hottel HC,Saroﬁm AF.Radiative transfer.McGraw Hill;1967.[5]Correia SAC,Ward J,Sousa JLVA.Numerical prediction of the transient operationof a gas-ﬁred reheating furnace.In:Proc ASME heat transfer division,HTD,vol 367;2000.p.87–94.[6]Docherty P,Tucker RJ.The inﬂuence of wall emissivity on furnace performance.J Inst Energy 1985;59:35–7.[7]Elliston DG,Gray WA,Hibberd DF,Ho T-Y,Williams A.The effects of surfaceemissivity on furnace performance.J Inst Energy 1987;60:155–67.[8]Ward J,Tan CK,Tucker RJ.Development of a spectral radiation model to predictthe transient performance of a metal reheating furnace.Proc ASME Int Mech Eng Cong 2009.[9]Fricker N et al.A multimode modelling approach for NO x reduction on gas-ﬁredglass melters through ﬂame/furnace matching.In:Proc 16th IFRF members conference,–combustion and sustainability:new technologies,new fuels,new challenges.Boston (USA);June 2009.p.13.Table 56R.Tucker,J.Ward /Applied Energy xxx (2011)xxx–xxx。

如何申请诉讼并进行诉讼流程？

如何申请诉讼并进行诉讼流程？Applying for a litigation process involves several steps. Here is a brief overview of the process:1. Consultation: The first step is to consult with a lawyer to determine if your case has legal merit and if pursuing litigation is the appropriate course of action.2. Preparing the complaint: Once you decide to proceed with the lawsuit, your lawyer will help you draft a complaint outlining the details of your case, including the parties involved, the facts, and the legal claims.3. Filing the complaint: The complaint is then filed with the appropriate court. You will need to pay the filing fees and submit the necessary documents.4. Serving the defendant: After filing the complaint, the defendant must be officially served with a copy of the complaint and a summons, notifying them of the lawsuit.5. Defendant's response: The defendant has a certain period of time to respond to the complaint. They may file an answer, a motion to dismiss, or other legal documents.6. Discovery: Both parties engage in the discovery process, where they exchange relevant information and evidence related to the case.7. Settlement negotiations: Parties may attempt to resolve the dispute through settlement negotiations, mediation, or alternative dispute resolution methods.8. Trial: If the case does not settle, it will proceed to trial. Both parties present their arguments, call witnesses, and present evidence to the court.9. Judgment: The court will make a decision based on the evidence presented and issue a judgment, which may include a monetary award or other remedies.10. Enforcement: If the judgment is in your favor, you may need to take steps to enforce it, such as collecting the awarded damages.中文回答:申请诉讼流程包括几个步骤。

教别人弹钢琴的英语作文

Teaching someone to play the piano is a rewarding experience that combines technical instruction with an appreciation for the beauty of music.Heres a stepbystep guide on how to approach this task:1.Introduction to the Piano:Begin by introducing the student to the piano itself.Explain the layout of the keys,with the black and white keys representing the chromatic scale. Highlight the importance of the treble and bass clefs in reading sheet music.2.Finger Placement and Hand Position:Teach the student the correct finger placement on the keys.The thumb is assigned to the C note below middle C,and the fingers are numbered one through five.Explain the importance of relaxed hands and curved fingers to avoid tension.3.Basic Music Theory:Introduce basic music theory concepts such as notes,rests,time signatures,and key signatures.This will help the student understand how to read and interpret sheet music.4.Simple Scales and Chords:Start with simple scales like C major,which has no sharps or flats,and basic chords such as C major,A minor,and F major.This will help the student develop finger dexterity and an understanding of harmony.5.Rhythm and Timing:Practice rhythm exercises to help the student develop a sense of e a metronome to keep time and encourage the student to count out loud to internalize the rhythm.6.SightReading:Encourage the student to sightread simple pieces.This skill is crucial for learning new music quickly and efficiently.7.Technique Exercises:Introduce Hanon or Czerny exercises to improve finger strength, agility,and independence.These exercises should be practiced regularly to build a solid technical foundation.8.Repertoire Building:Select a variety of pieces that cater to the students interests and skill level.This could range from classical pieces to contemporary songs.Encourage the student to explore different genres to keep them engaged.9.Performance Opportunities:Provide opportunities for the student to perform in front of others,whether its a small recital for family and friends or a more formal concert setting. This helps build confidence and stage presence.10.Musical Expression:Teach the student about dynamics,phrasing,and expression. Encourage them to listen to recordings of professional pianists to understand how these elements can bring a piece to life.11.Regular Practice:Emphasize the importance of regular practice.Set aside dedicated practice time each day and encourage the student to maintain a practice journal to track progress and set goals.12.Feedback and Correction:Provide constructive feedback on the students performance. Correct any technical or musical errors and offer suggestions for improvement.13.LongTerm Goals:Discuss longterm goals with the student,such as preparing for a music exam or learning a particularly challenging piece.This gives the student something to work towards and helps maintain motivation.14.Enjoyment:Most importantly,ensure that the student enjoys the process of learning to play the piano.Music should be a source of joy and selfexpression,and fostering a love for music is as important as technical proficiency.By following these steps,you can guide a student on their journey to becoming a proficient pianist,while also nurturing their appreciation for the art of music.。

McKesson Cast Roll Form Splint 产品说明书

Casting Roll Form SplintsFor use with MFR #'s 1302-1305.PRODUCT DESCRIPTION• This McKesson Cast Roll Form Splint is intended for use in the construction of common orthopedic splints. All splinting applications should be applied under the direction of a qualified medical professional.• This McKesson Cast Roll Form Splint consists of multiple layers of polyurethane coated fiberglass covered by an air and moisture permeable stretchable polypropylene padding.• Exposure to moisture or water creates a mild exothermic chemical reaction with the non-cured polyurethane that causes the splint to become rigid. A finished splint is lightweight, strong and radiolucent.PRECAUTIONS• While protective gloves are not necessary while handling the cast roll form splint, the non-cured polyurethane will bond to unprotected skin and clothing. Gloves should be worn if contacting the polyurethane and care should be taken to ensure that the polyurethane DOES NOT come in contact with the patient. ** If contact is made with skin orequipment, blot with alcohol or acetone and wash with soap immediately before it cures. Cured polyurethane should flake off the skin after a few days.• Cool water (65-75˚F / 18-24˚C) should be used to activate the curing process. Cool water should be used, as hot water will increase the exotherm of the splint as it hardens. DO NOT USE HOT WATER. Inform the patient that a warm feeling will occur but if a burning sensation is felt during the curing process, it should be immediately reported and the splint removed.• Store the McKesson Cast Roll Form Splint dispenser box upright (not on sides) in a cool, dry location (65-75˚F / 18-24˚C). High storage temperatures can cause polyurethane to migrate into the padding. Discard the product if polyurethane is present on the paddings. Special care should be exercised to prevent puncturing of the foil covering. Exposure to moisture in the air will begin the curing process. Rotate stock for optimal performance. USAGE INSTRUCTIONSPreparation of the site such as wound management, fracture reduction, any post-surgical care and general patient supervision should follow established practices.1. Measure patient for desired length. Select the desired width of the cast roll form splint. Pull the estimated lengthneeded from the dispenser and cut.2. Use the resealing clip to seal material remaining in the dispenser box.a. Push inner splint material several inches back into protective foil.b. Apply resealing clip to foil making sure protective foil is smoothly flattened within the clip.c. Seal by pushing the clip down tightly over the foil.3. Remove cut splint from protective foil and discard foil.a. Pull polyurethane padding beyond exposed fiberglass edges (both ends; top and bottom)4. To activate the setting process, wet the center of the side of the splint with a 1” bead of cool water (65-75˚F / 18-24˚C)from either a water bottle or a faucet. Work the water throughout the splint by folding and squeezing (avoid wringing or twisting). This will remove most of the excess water.5. Roll damp splint in a towel and squeeze to remove additional moisture. Repeat as needed until padding is virtually dry.6. Smooth out splint and place on patient. Wrap with elastic bandage and mold to patient’s limb for 2-4 minutes. Initial settime is approximately 3-5 minutes with the splint gaining more strength over the next 20 minutes.7. Monitor patient according to standard procedures.。

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英语作文-培训申请审批Dear [Recipient],。

I am writing to formally request approval for a training program that I believe will significantly enhance my skills and contribute positively to our organization's objectives. The training program I am seeking approval for is the [Name of Training Program], which is scheduled to take place from [Start Date] to [End Date].The [Name of Training Program] is renowned for its comprehensive curriculum and hands-on approach to skill development. It covers a wide range of topics relevant to my role, including [List of Topics]. By participating in this program, I aim to deepen my understanding of these areas and acquire new techniques that will allow me to perform my duties more effectively.One of the key benefits of the [Name of Training Program] is its interactive nature. Through group discussions, case studies, and practical exercises, participants are actively engaged in the learning process. This not only fosters a deeper understanding of the material but also encourages collaboration and the exchange of ideas among peers.Furthermore, the trainers leading the program are highly experienced professionals in their respective fields. Their expertise and insights will undoubtedly enrich my learning experience and provide me with valuable perspectives that I can apply in my day-to-day work.In addition to the knowledge and skills gained, attending the [Name of Training Program] demonstrates my commitment to professional development and continuous improvement. It underscores my dedication to staying abreast of industry trends and best practices, which ultimately benefits our organization by ensuring that we remain competitive and innovative in our approach.Moreover, I am confident that the investment in my training will yield tangible returns for our organization. The enhanced skills and knowledge I acquire will enable meto take on more challenging projects, contribute to process improvements, and ultimately drive business results.In conclusion, I firmly believe that attending the [Name of Training Program] will be a valuable investment in my professional growth and our organization's success. I am committed to maximizing the benefits of this opportunity and am eager to apply what I learn to my role.Thank you for considering my request. I look forward to your favorable response.Sincerely,。

2025届新教材高考英语全程一轮复习Unit1LifeChoices学生用书北师大版必修第一册

UNIT 1 LIFE CHOICES【基础回顾自主排查区】►核心词汇——写其形1．____________ n. 一段时期；章节2．____________ n. 一系列；范围3．____________ n. (工厂、医院等轮班制的)当班时间4．____________ n. 日程表，支配表5．____________ n. 目标，目的6．____________ n. 质量，品质7．____________ n. 挑战；具有挑战性的事物vt. 向……挑战8．____________ n. 目标9．____________ vi. &vt. 遭遇(苦痛)10．____________ n. 功能►阅读词汇——知其意1．feature vt. ________________2．province n. ________________3．tension n. ________________4．position n. ________________5．digestion n. ________________6．recreation n. ________________7．entertainment n. ________________8．certificate n. ________________9．volunteer vi. &vt. ________________n. ________________10．downtown adv. ________________11．rural adj. ________________12．military n. ________________►拓展词汇——通其变1．dust n．灰尘→________ adj.布满灰尘的2．attract vt.吸引，诱惑→________ n．拖拉机→________ adj.有吸引力的；好看的，美观的→________ n．魅力；迷人的事物3．mud n．泥土→________ adj.泥泞的，多泥的4．intend vt.支配，准备，想要→________ n．意图；意思，准备→________ adj.有意的，蓄意的5．contribute v．捐助，贡献；投稿→________ n．贡献6．respond v．回答，回复；响应，回应→________ n．回答；应答→________ adj.负责的；有责任心的→________ n．责任7．confidence n．信念，自信→________ adj.自信的8．stable adj.稳定的→________ adj.不稳定的9．organise v．组织→________ n．组织，团体，机构10．depend vt.依靠，依靠→________ n．依靠，依靠→________ adj.依靠的，听凭的，靠……的→________ n．独立→________ adj.独立的→________ adv.独立地，独立地►高频短语——记得牢1．________________ 总而言之，总的来说2．________________ 按……所说，依据3．________________ 取得进步，获得胜利4．________________ 坦白说，坦率地说5．________________ 从……毕业6．________________ 放弃7．________________……以及……8．________________ 期盼，盼望9．________________ 有时；间或；间或10．________________ 亲自11．________________ (身体或精神上)遭遇……(苦痛)12．________________ 因为13．apply for ________________14．deal with ________________15．adapt to ________________16．living room ________________17．tend to do sth. ________________18．in other words ________________►典型句式——懂其用1．what引导的主语从句____________________________ students in the same class can have different class schedules.现在有很大差异的是，同一个班级的学生会有不同的课程表。