DC232007 RPR技术 ISSUE1.00

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AnaChip AP2007 数据手册

AP2007Synchronous PWM ControllerFeatures- Single 4.5V to 20V Supply Application - 0.8V + 2.0% Voltage Reference - Virtual Frequency Control TM - Fast Transient Response- Synchronous Operation for High Efficiency (93%) - Short Circuit Protect- Small Size with Minimum External Components - Soft Start and Enable Functions - Under Voltage Lockout Function - SOP-8L Pb-Free PackageApplications- Microprocessor Core Supply- Low Cost Synchronous Applications - Voltage Regulator Modules (VRM) - Networking Power Supplies - Sequenced Power Supplies- Telecommunication Power Supplies.General DescriptionThe AP2007 is a low-cost, full featured, synchronous voltage-mode controller designed for use in single ended power supply applications where efficiency is of primary concern. Synchronous operation allows for the elimination of heat sinks in many applications. The AP2007 is ideal for implementing DC/DC converters needed to power advanced microprocessors in low cost systems or in distributed power applications where efficiency is important. High-side drive circuitry, and preset shoot-thru control, allows the use of inexpensive 1P+1N-channel power switches.AP2007’s features include temperature compensated voltage reference, Virtual Frequency Control TM method to reduce external component count, an internal 200KHz virtual frequency oscillator, under-voltage lockout protection, soft-start, shutdown function and current sense comparator circuitry.Virtual Frequency Control is a trademark of PWRTEK, LLC.Pin AssignmentsSOP-8L1(Top View)VCC V REFPHASE DRVP DRVNFBGND AP20072345678SS/SHDNOrdering InformationAP2007 X X Package Packing S: SOP-8LBlank : Tube A : TapingPin DescriptionsNameDescriptionVCC Chip supply voltage V REF Reference voltagePHASEInput from the phase node betweenthe MOSFET sDRVP High side driver output (P MOSFET)GND Ground DRVN Low side driver output (N MOSFET) FB Feedback inputSS/SHDN Soft start, a capacitor to ground setsthe slow start time / Shutdownfunction查询AP2007供应商Synchronous PWM ControllerBlock DiagramCROSS CURRENT CONTROL DRVNVIRTUAL FREQ OSCILLATORDRVPR Q SQSQB R+-+-+-+-VOLTAGE REFERENCE +-VCC0.8VUNDER VOLTAGEERROR COMPVCC 12ua2ua0.2V0.9VSS/SHDNFBGNDOCSETPHASEVCCDRVPDRVNAP2007 FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAMVirtual Frequency Control - PatentNumber 6,456,050.V REF-+0.4V -+0.4VAbsolute Maximum RatingsSymbol ParameterRange. Unit V IN VCC to GND -1 to 22 V V PHASE PHASE to GND -1 to 22 V V DRVP DRVP to GND -1 to 22 V V DRVN DRVN to GND-1 to 22 V θJC Thermal Resistance Junction to Case 90 oC/W θJA Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient 250 oC/W T OP Operating Temperature Range -40 to +85 o C T ST Storage Temperature Range-65 to +150o C T LEADLead Temperature (Soldering) 10 Sec.300o CSynchronous PWM ControllerElectrical CharacteristicsUnless specified: V CC =12V; GND = 0V;V O = 5V; T J = 25oCSymbol Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Unit Power SupplyV CC Supply Voltage(Recommended)4.5 - 20 VI CC Supply Current DRVP & DRVN are floating - 9.5 - mA ∆V LINE Line Regulation V O = 2.5V - 0.5 % Error Comparator A OL Gain (A OL ) - 70 - dB I B Input Bias - 0.2 1 uA Oscillator F OSC Oscillator Frequency - 200 - KHz DC MAX Oscillator Max Duty Cycle 80 85 - % Mofset DriversI DRVP DRVP Source/Sink V CC – V DRVP =3VV DRVP – V GND = 2V 0.5 1 - AI DRVN DRVN Source/Sink V CC – V DRVN = 3VV DRVL – V GND = 2V0.5 1 - AV DRVL DRVP/N Low Level Voltage - - 1.2 V V DRVH DRVP/N High Level Voltage V CC -1.2- - V ProtectionT DEAD Dead Time DRVP & DRVN are floating - 150 - nS Vocset Over Current Setting Voltage 0.4 VV DRVP/N DRVP/DRVN System ErrorVoltage (Note3) V SS =Low, V CC ＜3.8, over current happenV CC -1.2- - VReferenceReference Voltage 0.7840.8 0.816V V REF Accuracy 0o C to 70oC-2 - + 2 %Soft StartI SSC Charge Current V SS = 1.5V 8.0 10 12 uA I SSD Discharge Current V SS = 1.5V 1.3 2 2.7 uA Under voltage lockout (UVLO)V UT Upper Threshold Voltage (V CC )- 4.0 - V V LWT Lower Threshold Voltage (V CC )- 3.8 - V V HT Hysteresis (V CC ) - 200 - mVNote 1. Specification refers to Typical Application Circuit.Note 2. This device is ESD sensitive. Use of standard ESD handling precautions is required. Note 3. Abnormal condition; Ex: over-current, under-voltage lockout, soft-start disappear.Synchronous PWM ControllerTypical Application Circuit87651234D1Option VCC SS/SHDN FB DRVP GNDPHASE DRVN Q1Q2L110uHC8470u/16V C9Vout=3.2V*+-+-C1R21KR33K ** Vout = 0.8 x (1+R3/R2)AP2007C4330nC3330nR112ΩV REF 10n470u/16V470u/16VAF9435C5AF9410C20.1uC647n C70.1u 1ΩOption 1ΩOptionR2 1K ~ 10K≅(4835)(4412)Virtual Frequency ControlVirtual Frequency Control combines the advantages of constant frequency and constant off-time control in a single mode of operation. This allows fix frequency, precision switching voltage regulator control with fast transient response and the smallest solution size. Switch duty cycle can be adjusted from 0% to 100% on a pulse by pulse basis when responding to transient conditions. Both 0% and 100% duty cycle operation can be maintained for extended periods of time in response to load or line transients. Figure 1 depicts a simplified operation of the Virtual Frequency Controltechnique: The VFC oscillator generates a pulse of a known duration (VFC_Pulse). The regulator loop responds by returning a complementary feedback pulse (FB_Pulse). The FB_Pulse duration is a result of external conditions such as inductor size, the voltage across the inductor and the duration of the VFC_Pulse. A VFC control loop is then formed whereby the duration of the VFC_Pulse is modified as a result of the FB_Pulse duration. The VFC loop arrives at a state of equilibrium, where the operating frequency remains inherently constant.GATE CONTROL LOGICVIRTUAL FREQ OSCILLATOR+-FB PulseVFC PulseVrefERROR COMPV INLout CoutVout Rfb1Rfb2Figure 1: Virtual Frequency Control Loop- Synchronous single supply application.Synchronous PWM with VFC Controller (Preliminary) Virtual Frequency Control (Continued)Virtual frequency control is a technique that provides stable, constant frequency of operation for pulse controlled architectures such as constant off-time/on-time. This is all done internal to the IC with minimal number of components and without the need for connections to external terminals such as input and/or output. No external compensation is required, thus providing a low cost, high performance fix frequency solution for switching voltage regulators.Virtual Frequency Control is a trademark of PWRTEK, LLC.Function DescriptionSynchronous Buck ConverterPrimary V CORE power is provided by a synchronous, voltage-mode pulse width modulated (PWM) controller. This section has all the features required to build a high efficiency synchronous buck converter, including soft-start, shutdown, and cycle-by-cycle current limit.Referring to the functional block diagram FIG 1, the output voltage of the synchronous converter is set and controlled by the output of the error comparator. The external resistive divider reference voltage, is derived from an internal trimmed-bandgap voltage reference. The inverting input of the error comparator receives its voltage from the FB pin.The internal oscillator uses an on-chip capacitor and trimmed precision current sources to set the virtual oscillation frequency to 200KHz. The virtual frequency oscillator sets the PWM latch. This pulls DRVN low, turning off the low-side N_MOSFET and DRVP is pulled low, turning on the high-side P-MOSFET (once the cross-current control allows it). The triangular voltage ramp at the FB pin is then compared against the reference voltage at the inverting input of the error comparator. When the FB voltage increases above the reference voltage, the comparator output goes high. This pulls DRVP high, turning off the high-side P-MOSFET, and DRVN is pulled high, turning on the low-side N-MOSFET (once the cross-current control allows it). The Virtual Frequency Oscillator then generates a programmed off time to allow the FB voltage to return to the valley voltage of the triangular ramp. At the end of the off time the PWM latch is set and the cycle repeats again.Under Voltage LockoutThe under voltage lockout circuit of the AP2007 assures that the high-side P-MOSFET driver outputs remain in the off state whenever the supply voltage drops below set parameters. Lockout occurs if V CC falls below 3.8V. Normal operation resumes once V CC rises above 4.0V. R DS(ON) Current LimitingThe current limit threshold (0.4V) is set by connecting an internal resistor from the V CC supply to OCSET. Vocset is compared to the voltage at the PHASE node. This comparison is made only when the high-side drive is high to avoid false current limit triggering due to uncontributing measurements from the MOSFET s off-voltage. When the voltage at PHASE is less than the voltage at OCSET, an over-current condition occurs and the soft start cycle is initiated. The synchronous switchturns on and SS/SHDN starts to sink 2uA. When SS/ SHDN reaches 0.2V, it then starts to source 10uA and a new cycle begins. When the soft start voltage is below 0.9V the cycle is controlled with pulse by pulse current limiting.Soft StartInitially, SS/SHDN pin sources 10uA of current to charge an external capacitor. The inverting input of the error comparator is clamped to a voltage proportional to the voltage on SS/SHDN. This limits the on-time of the high-side P-MOSFET, thus leading to a controlled ramp-up of the output voltages.Synchronous PWM with VFC Controller (Preliminary)Function Description (Continued)Hiccup ModeDuring power up, the SS/SHDN pin is internally pulled low until V CC reaches the under-voltage lockout level of 4V. Once V CC has reached 4V, the SS/SHDN pin is released and begins to source 10uA of current to the external soft-start capacitor. As the soft-start voltage rises, the inverting input of the error comparator is clamped to this voltage. When the error signal reaches the level of the internal 0.8V reference, the output voltage is to have reached its programmed voltage. If an over-current condition has not occurred the soft-start voltage will continue to rise and level off at about 2.5V.An over-current condition occurs when the high-side drive is turned on, but the PHASE node does not reach the voltage level set at the OCSET pin. Once an over-current occurs, the high-side drive is turned off and the low-side drive turns on and the SS/SHDN pin begins to sink 2uA. The soft-start voltage will begin to decrease as the 2uA of current discharge the external capacitor. When the soft-start voltage reaches 0.2V, the SS/SHDN pin will begin to source 10uA and begin to charge the external capacitor causing the soft-start voltage to rise again. If the over-current condition is no longer present, normal operation will continue. If the over-current condition is still present, the SS/SHDN pin will again begin to sink 2uA. This cycle will continue indefinitely until the over-current condition is removed.In order to prevent substrate glitching, a small-signal diode should be placed in close proximity to the chip with cathode connected to PHASE and anode connected to GND.Marking Information(Top View)SOP-8L184AP2007YY WW XLogo"02" =2002~5Synchronous PWM ControllerPackage InformationPackage Type: SOP-8LVIEW "A"LHECVIEW "A"AA 2A 1B e D7(4X)0.015x457(4X)yDimensions In Millimeters Dimensions In Inches SymbolMin. Nom. Max. Min. Nom. Max.A 1.40 1.60 1.75 0.055 0.063 0.069 A1 0.10 - 0.25 0.040 - 0.100 A2 1.30 1.45 1.50 0.051 0.057 0.059B 0.33 0.41 0.51 0.013 0.016 0.020C 0.19 0.20 0.25 0.0075 0.008 0.010D 4.80 5.05 5.30 0.189 0.199 0.209E 3.70 3.90 4.10 0.146 0.154 0.161 e - 1.27 - - 0.050 - H 5.79 5.99 6.20 0.228 0.236 0.244 L 0.38 0.71 1.27 0.015 0.028 0.050 y - - 0.10 - - 0.004θ0O - 8O 0O- 8O。

BF6910(BF6911)ASXX规格书

8.1 上电、掉电复位 ...................................................................................................................................... 20 8.2 FLASH 编程复位 ....................................................................................................................................... 20 8.3 软件复位 .................................................................................................................................................. 21 8.4 看门狗定时器溢出复位 .......................................................................................................................... 21 8.5 PC 指针溢出复位 ..................................................................................................................................... 21
3.1 引脚图 ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 3.2 引脚描述 ................................................................................................................................................... 6

Odyssey CLX 操作指南1

软件安装 ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Windows 7，XP ，vista 系统........................................................................................... 4
导入图片 ........................................................................................................................... 18 泳道设置 ........................................................................................................................... 19 设定 Marker....................................................................................................................... 20 创建新 marker ................................................................................................................... 20 自动识别条带 ................................................................................................................... 21 手动编辑条带 ................................................................................................................... 21 单通道信号归一化 ..............................................................................................................21 查看表格 ........................................................................................................................... 22

pl2303的2007 -回复

pl2303的2007 -回复PL2303的2007年PL2303是一种高集成度的USB转串口芯片，由台湾普元科技（Prolific Technology Inc.）公司设计和生产。

它在2007年的时候，正值其研发和推广的蓬勃发展期。

本文将详细探讨PL2303在2007年的发展及应用情况。

2007年是科技领域发展迅猛的一年，特别是在USB接口和设备市场上。

随着计算机应用日益广泛，用户对于USB接口设备需求的增长推动了PL2303芯片的研发和应用。

PL2303通过将串行通信转换为USB通信的方式，为计算机用户提供了更为便利的外部设备连接方式。

在2007年，随着PL2303芯片的不断改进和升级，其性能和稳定性都得到了显著提升。

相较于其前身PL2301和PL2302，PL2303在传输速率、数据稳定性以及驱动程序的兼容性方面有了更大的突破。

同时，PL2303在使用上也更加便捷，用户只需将其连接到计算机的USB接口上，通过合适的驱动程序即可实现串行通信。

2007年，PL2303的应用领域也不断扩展和深化。

作为一款USB转串口芯片，PL2303在各种嵌入式系统中的应用得到了广泛关注。

通过PL2303芯片，嵌入式系统可以轻松地与电脑建立串行通信，并实现各种数据传输。

这在工业控制、通信设备、车载系统等领域尤为重要。

同时，PL2303还被用于各种计算机外部设备，如打印机、移动电话、摄像机等的通信连接。

PL2303的广泛应用带来了市场的巨大需求，在2007年这一年也取得了相应的成绩。

台湾普元科技公司积极扩大产能和市场影响力，加大了对PL2303的推广力度。

同时，为了提高PL2303的市场占有率，普元科技还提供了优秀的技术支持和售后服务。

这一系列措施使得PL2303在2007年得到了更广泛的认可和应用，为普元科技的业绩增长做出了重要贡献。

不过，2007年也是PL2303面临一些挑战的一年。

与其他类似产品相比，PL2303仍然存在一些竞争压力。

Phoenix与DC-7技术对比表

动态范围
232dB
160dB
大容量的数字化声束形成器,提供了极宽的动态范围,为成像提供了更多更丰富的信息，图像分辨率更高。
最低血流速度
1mm
2mm
拓宽检查范围，保证对各种病人的准备检查、评估，保证设备的临床实用性
探头
飞利浦探头
自行生产
飞利浦探头技术先进、性能稳定，成像清晰、使用寿命长。
取样宽度及位置范围
Phonix
DC-7
备注
生产厂商及技术来源
东软飞利浦生产，技术来源于飞利浦
深圳迈瑞公司生产，自主研发
东软飞利浦是东软、飞利浦共有的合资公司，超声技术来源于飞利浦公司，处于行业领先地位。
融合成像技术
标准配置
无
融合成像技术是一种多通道频率合成技术，确保系统在高帧频的情况下获得最佳图像。
微细灰阶成像技术
标准配置
无
移植飞利浦高端技术，精确的发射和接收聚焦控制和先进的焦点复合技术，使近、远场的回声均匀细腻
侧向增益补偿技术
标准配置
无
调节图像两侧增益，弥补了以往技术无法对其调节的不足。确保扫查窗内任意位置的图像清晰度。
智能多普勒
标准配置
无
自动进行多普勒测量的角度校正，提高血流测量的准确性和一致性。
0.5-26mm
0.5-20mm
较大的取样范围可对全身各种血管均能进行准确评估，保证测量数据的准确性。
操作面板
可上下升降、左右旋转
不可移动
操作方便、灵活，适合不同的使用者在不同的环境中操作设备。
中文在线帮助
标准配置
无
医生可随时查询，及时解决遇到的设备使用问题。帮助医生更熟练的应用设备。

单元电路DC-DC的应用

单元电路<<DC-DC>>的应用-AOE shizx 2011-5-26 一、DC-DC是将一种直流电压变换成另外一种或几种直流电压的高效供电装置，它比LDO及稳压IC的效率高,体积小,不需要散热器,根据拓扑电路的结构形式的分类有多种，在LCD 整机电路中主要应用于降压BUCK的拓扑变换, 在设定的输入电压和输出电压条件下，是通过对输出负载变化时电压的反馈取样（FB）来自动调整PWM占空比电流的控制来达到输出电压稳定。

一旦在外围电路的元件参数配合不良时潜在失效的故障原因较难分析。

二、分析我公司在使用中出现的问题:案例1．SLD000330A/32TA1CH批次MT23H机芯的U106：MP1482(12V-1.2V)主芯片供电，在生产线失效；经查是L112磁珠设计不良，不应放在电解后。

纠正措施：将L112改称0欧电阻。

分析：对INpin和SWpin的检测：工作时的PWM频率：338KHZ符合部品规格书要求，但IN 的纹波和SW的输出电流Io尖峰脉冲和峰值电压超过要求：Io：2.48A-1.93A=0.55A；峰值电压：32-21=11V见标准电路要求：对比检测：1）将L112短路后，IN输入没有纹波，输出SW脚最大为16V,电流最大1.1A 2)未短路L112时，IN输入有最大值为32V的尖峰，输出SW脚最大为32V,电流最大为2.48 AL112未短接时SW输出端的波形短接L112后的SW输出波形案例2.ELE000420C/L32D10/MT23-LA/SS6抽机3台机做低温（-5℃）试验不开机1台，加抽5台低温实验3小时后1台不开机。

分析：该机芯用DC-DC：MP1482( 12V-1.2V)供主芯片工作在低温下纹波大，造成不能正常开机，滤波电容的元件C353（10uF：28-BA0106-ZFX）是陶瓷电容属Y5V型；受温度变化大所致。

纠正措施：改C353（10uF：28-BA0106-KBX）此电容属X5R。

超短脉冲激光与生物软组织相互作用机理研究

超短脉冲激光与生物软组织相互作用机理研究
超短脉冲激光与生物软组织相互作用机理研究
详细研究了超短脉冲激光与生物组织相互作用的机理,建立了生物软组织中激光诱导光学击穿模型;结果表明,对于纳秒或亚纳秒脉冲激光,强吸收介质的热电子发射对电子雪崩电离过程有很大影响,等离子体光学击穿阈值随生物组织吸收的增加而降低;在激光脉宽为亚皮秒量级时,多光子电离成为光学击穿的主要机制,介质的击穿阈值几乎与线性吸收系数无关.
作者：刘莉李正佳作者单位：华中科技大学激光技术研究院,湖北,武汉,430074 刊名：中国激光 ISTIC EI PKU英文刊名：CHINESE JOURNAL OF LASERS 年，卷(期)：2004 31(z1) 分类号：O437 关键词：超短脉冲激光生物软组织等离子体光学击穿蚀除。

Tripp Lite APS2012 12V DC-to-AC 2000W Inverter Cha

PowerVerter APS 2000W 12VDC 120VInverter/Charger with Auto-Transfer Switching, Hardwired Highlights12V DC or 120V AC input; 120V AC output (hardwired)2000 watts continuous, 3000Supports 120V AC output from a 120V AC line power source or 12V DC battery sourceSupports 120V AC output from a 120V AC 16.6 millisecond automatic transfer between line and battery power supports UPS protection during blackouts and voltage fluctuations for equipment compatible with a one cycle transfer time2000 watts continuous AC output in inverter mode, 2400 watts continuous AC output in AC modeDouble Boost inverter output supports momentary startup loads up to 200% of the continuous rating for up to 10 secondsOverPower inverter output supports longer duration overloads to 150% for 1-60 minutes under ideal battery and temperature conditions. (For best results, utilize OverPower usage for as short of a duration as possible, ensure battery bank and cabling is able to provide full nominal DC voltage under load and allow inverter/charger to fully cool before and after OverPower usage.)3-stage, selectable 25/100 amp battery charger with adjustable settings for wet/gel battery types offers fast, reliable battery rechargingProtected hardwire bolt-down input lugs safely accept heavy gauge input wiring from attached battery bankProtected hardwire output passes 120V line power or inverter output through to connected equipmentReliability enhanced large-transformer design with secure mounting flanges and protected DC wiring terminalsMoisture-resistant construction enables vehicular or marine operation in high humidity environments3 position operating mode switch supports "AUTO" mode to enable automatic transfer between DC and AC modes, CHARGE-ONLY to maintain a fullbattery charge when AC is present without auto transfer and SYSTEM OFF settingsSet of six front panel LEDs display AC/DC operational modes, overload status, DC voltage level, shutdown status and system fault statusSet of 4 configuration dip switches support wet/gel battery charging profiles, adjustable 135/145V high voltage auto transfer during overvoltages and selectable 75/85/95/105V AC low voltage auto transfer during brownoutsSet of 4 additional configuration dip switches support 4 levels of charger limiting relative to output load size, a battery equalization program and battery charger low/high settingsResettable 25A charger AC input breaker and resettable 20A AC output breaker and automatic 2 speed cooling fan protect the inverter from load and temperature related failuresInternal Grounding Terminal properly connects the inverter/charger system to earth ground or vehicle grounding systemAutomatic overload and thermal shutoff safely turns off inverter as excessive loads or overheating conditions developFront panel remote control connector enables remote off/on switching (requires APSRM4 switch accessory). Optional APSRM4 accessory also includes user configurable jacks to support inverter shutoff or startup as a vehicle ignition is engagedLoad sensing control dial enables adjustable load threshold required to automatically turn the inverter on and off in DC mode as load conditions change SpecificationsOVERVIEWStyle Heavy-duty with built-in battery chargerOUTPUTFrequency Compatibility60 HzOutput Receptacles HardwireOutput (Watts)2000Continuous Output Capacity (Watts)2000Peak Output Capacity (Watts)4000Output Nominal Voltage120VOutput Voltage Regulation LINE POWER (AC): Maintains 120V nominal sine wave output from line power source. INVERTER POWER (AC):Maintains PWM sine wave output voltage of 120 V AC (+/-5%).Output Frequency Regulation60 Hz (+/- 0.3 Hz)Overload Protection Includes 25A input breaker dedicated to the charging system and 20A output breaker for AC output loadsINPUTNominal Input Voltage(s) Supported120V ACRecommended Electrical Service DC INPUT: Requires 12V DC input source capable of delivering 192A for the required duration (when used at fullcontinuous capacity - DC requirements increase during Over-Power and Double-Boost operation).Maximum Input Amps / Watts DC INPUT: Full continuous load - 192A at 12V DC. AC INPUT: 38 amps at 120V AC with full inverter and charger load (21A max charger-only / combined input load to support charger and AC output is automatically controllable to 66%-33%-0% based on AC output lInput Connection Type DC INPUT: Set of 2 DC bolt-down terminals. AC INPUT: Hardwire via built in junction box with cover plate. Usersupplies cabling. 4 gauge or larger (see manual). AC INPUT: user supplies hardwire input cabling.Voltage Compatibility (VAC)120Voltage Compatibility (VDC)12BATTERYExpandable Battery Runtime Runtime is expandable with any number of user supplied wet or gel type batteriesDC System Voltage (VDC)12Battery Pack Accessory (Optional)98-121 sealed lead acid battery (optional)Battery Charge25A/100A (selectable)LEDS ALARMS & SWITCHESSwitches 3 position on/off/remote switch enables simple on/off power control plus "auto/remote" setting that enables distant on/off control of the inverter system when used in conjunction with optional APSRM4 accessory when used in inverter mode. In AC uninterruptible power mode, "auto/remote" setting enables automatic transfer from line power to battery power - to maintain continuous AC power to connected loads.Front Panel LEDs Set of 6 LEDs offer continuous status information on load percentage (6 levels reported) and battery charge level (7levels reported). See manual for sequences.SURGE / NOISE SUPPRESSIONAC Suppression Joule Rating600PHYSICALShipping Dimensions (hwd / in.)13.25 x 15 x 21.5Shipping Dimensions (hwd / cm)33.66 x 38.1 x 54.61Shipping Weight (lbs.)43.2Shipping Weight (kg)19.6Unit Dimensions (hwd / in.)7.25 x 8.5 x 16.25Unit Dimensions (hwd / cm)18.42 x 21.59 x 41.28Unit Weight (lbs.)40Unit Weight (kg)18.1Cooling Method Multi-speed fanMaterial of Construction PolycarbonateForm Factors Supported Mounting slots enable permanent placement of inverter on any horizontal surface (see manual for additionalmounting information)ENVIRONMENTALRelative Humidity0-95% non-condensingLINE / BATTERY TRANSFERTransfer Time (Line Power to Battery Mode)16.6 milliseconds (typical - compatible with many computers, servers and networking equipment - verify transfer time compatibility of loads for UPS applications)Low Voltage Transfer to Battery Power In AC "auto" mode, inverter/charger switches to battery mode as line voltage drops to 75V (user adjustable to 85, 95, 105V - see manual)High Voltage Transfer to Battery Power In AC "auto" mode, inverter/charger switches to battery mode as line voltage increases to 135V (user adjustable to 145 - see manual)SPECIAL FEATURESLoad Sensing Optional load sense function enables automatic inverter shutoff and startup as connected equipment is powered off and on. Front panel load sense potentiometer can be set to shutoff or turn on inverter power in response to loads of any level, up to 150 watts.Remote Control Capability YesWARRANTYProduct Warranty Period (U.S. &Canada)1-year limited warrantyProduct Warranty Period(International)2-year limited warrantyProduct Warranty Period (Mexico)2-year limited warrantyProduct Warranty Period (PuertoRico)1-year limited warranty© 2015 Tripp Lite. All rights reserved. All trademarks are the sole property of their respective owners. Tripp Lite has a policy of continuous improvement. Specifications are subject to change without notice. Photos may differ slightly from final products.。

激光二极管的种类讲解

激光二极管的种类讲解激光二极管（Laser Diode），是一种能够通过PN结的注入电流来产生激光输出的电子器件。

激光二极管具有小巧、高效、低功耗和低成本等优点，被广泛应用于通信、医疗、材料加工、显示和光电子技术等领域。

根据结构和工作原理的不同，激光二极管可以分为辐射模式、发射模式和其他特殊类型等多种种类。

首先，辐射模式的激光二极管是最常见也是最基本的类型之一、它由两个具有不同禁带宽度的半导体材料构成，其中n区（富集区）被注入电子，而p区（耗尽区）被注入空穴。

当电流通过二极管时，载流子注入n-p结，激发原子与空穴和电子之间的相互作用，从而产生光辐射。

辐射模式的激光二极管通常以反射式或折射式二极管为基础，其激光辐射方向垂直于PN结的表面。

辐射模式的激光二极管适用于通信、显示和光电子技术等领域。

其次，发射模式的激光二极管是一种具有特殊设计结构的激光器件。

它通过在辐射模式激光二极管的PN结上添加透明的导电氧化物层，形成一个光学腔，改变了激光辐射模式。

发射模式激光二极管通常采用面发射和边发射两种形式。

面发射激光二极管的激光输出垂直于PN结的表面，适用于光纤通信、雷达和材料加工等领域。

边发射激光二极管的激光输出平行于PN结的表面，适用于高密度光存储和显著技术等领域。

除了辐射模式和发射模式之外，还有其他特殊类型的激光二极管。

例如，垂直腔面发射激光二极管（VCSEL），是一种具有垂直结构的发射模式激光二极管。

它通过垂直振荡模式来产生激光输出，具有短脉冲时间、高调制速度和低功耗等特点。

VCSEL广泛应用于光纤通信、传感器和光电存储等领域。

此外，还有单量子阱和多量子阱激光二极管。

单量子阱激光二极管是指只有一个半导体材料薄膜用于激发光辐射的器件。

多量子阱激光二极管是指在n-p结上堆叠多个带隙不同的半导体材料薄膜，以增强激发效果。

单量子阱激光二极管和多量子阱激光二极管具有高温工作、高功率输出和窄线宽等特点，适用于光纤通信、材料加工和激光雷达等领域。

W78E58B中文资料

9. 时序波形图 ..................................................................................................................... 28 9.1 程序读取周期....................................................................................................... 28 9.2 数据读周期.......................................................................................................... 28 9.3 数据写周期.......................................................................................................... 29 9.4 端口访问周期....................................................................................................... 29
8.3.1 时钟输入波形...................................................................................................................... 25 8.3.2 程序读取周期...................................................................................................................... 26 8.3.3 数据读取周期...................................................................................................................... 26 8.3.4 数据写周期.......................................................................................................................... 27 8.3.5 端口访问周期...................................................................................................................... 27

LD端面泵浦内腔倍频全固态绿光激光器研究进展

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在０．％。ｉ５７ｍ绿光输出，６Ｗ泵浦功率下二次。报道的稳定性优于０２２ｎＩ谐波输出２．Ｗ，光～光效率达３．％，３研究现状０５４２＝．，绿光功率不＝从２０世纪９０年代开始，内腔倍频，而且光束模式很好，Ｍ：１２采用端面泵浦的内腔倍频激光器可以特别是内腔倍频绿光激光器的技术日渐成稳定性小于 ± １ＲＭＳ。２０％０７年，北京获得较高的泵浦耦合效率和高的输出光束存在稳定性题，绿光激光器的发展仍然缓慢。熟。后，此内腔涪频激光器开始向四个主要方向发展：高输出功率、高光束质量高转换效率１和／或输出功率的０高稳定性８１。；４］２１高输 Ⅲ功率．ｉ理工大学的张叵利等人使用激光二极管面｝阵端面泵浦板条Ｎｄ．ＹＡＧ，并应用电光调Ｑ技术获得近衍射极限内腔倍频绿光输出，
腔倍频激光器多是绿激光器。ｊ有关现芏，
输出功率火于ＩＯ的绿光激光器的报道ＩＯＷ
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光器进行内腔倍频，获得了平均功率９Ｗ３的绿光输出，Ｍ达到１５．，二次谐波转换效率达到５％。但是兼顾输出功率和光束７质量仍然是一个难题。２３高转换效率．因为二次谐波转换的效率普遍偏低，

DC-DC功率变换器软开关技术及Pspice仿真

DC/DC功率变换器软开关技术及Pspice仿真引言随着生产技术的发展，电力电子技术的应用已深入到工业生产和社会生活的各方面，目前功率变换器的开关变换技术主要采用两种方式：脉宽调制(PWM)技术和谐振变换技术。

传统的PWM控制方式由于开关元件的非理想性，其状态变化需要一个过程，即开关元件上的电压和电流不能突变，开关器件是在承受电压或流过电流的情况下接通或断开电路的，因此在开通或关断过程中伴随着较大的损耗。

变频器工作频率一定时，开关管开通或关断一次的损耗也是一定的，所以开关频率越高，开关损耗就越大，因而硬开关变换器的开关频率不能太高。

相比之下软开关变换器的作用是，当电压加在器件两端或者电流流经器件时，抑制功率器件转换时间间隔,即软开关的开关管在开通或关断过程中，或是加于其上的电压为零，或是通过器件的电流为零。

这种开关方式明显减小了开关损耗，不仅可以允许更高的开关频率以及更宽的控制带宽，同时又可以降低dv/dt 和电磁干扰。

本文为了更好地说明不同软开关技术的区别，采用Pspice软件对其中两种有代表性的变换电路进行了仿真和分析。

图1 升压半波模式的零电压开关准谐振变换器原理图图2 开关管通断及其所受电压应力仿真波形图3 升压零电压PWM变换器原理图图4 主副开关管的驱动仿真波形软开关的原理谐振开关技术的核心问题是为器件提供良好的开关工作条件，使得器件在零电压或零电流条件下进行状态转变，从而把器件的开关损耗降到最低水平。

软开关下的器件通断可以明显减少功率的开关损耗。

减小开关损耗通常有以下两种方法：在开关管开通时，使其电流保持在零或抑制电流上升的变化率，减少电流与电压的重叠区，从而减少开通的功率损耗，即零电流导通；在开关管开通前，减小或消除加在其上的电压，即零电压导通。

减小关断损耗有以下两种方法：开关管关断前，减小或消除加在其上的电流，即零电流关断；开关管关断前，减小或消除加在其上的电压，即零电压关断。

加冕最有潜质的大屏之王——2007年3英寸液晶显示屏DC新机巡礼

维普：选购大尺寸液晶显示屏相机．其清晰的分辨率无疑是评价其性能优劣的根本．如果在取景与照片回放时．仅能得到模糊一片的图像．那么再大的可视界面也显得毫无用处。２００７年３寸液晶显示屏的主流配置是２万像素以上．低于此配置的英３机型则已淘汰出此次选购机型之列。色彩：相机具有的 “ 子 ”．只有在炫丽丰富的色彩支大面持下才能彰显其生命力．也是评价液晶显示屏表现力的灵魂。其表现出的色彩应该丰富有层次感．无色差．才能在取景时真正还原到拍摄者想要的影像色彩。亮度与涂层：没有实际拍摄经验的人肯定不会知道．液晶显示屏高亮度对于使用有多么重要。在强光环境下．使用没有增亮功能与没有防反光涂层的液晶显示屏是异常痛苦的。提高亮度却似一把双刃剑．提升可视性能的同时必须牺牲有限的电池储能。为达到两者的平衡，通常采用的方法是设置多挡亮度可调方式。由用户自行决定如何使用。操作界面：液晶显示屏是为简捷使用而生。而评价液晶显示屏的便捷性指标则是其操作界面。对于整个相机而言．操作界面仅是其 “ ”配置，而合理的窗口布局条理清晰的操作菜单软与闪跃靓丽的功能图标不仅能帮助用户提升使用效率．还能在使用中获得 “ 明快的心情所以．一款好的操作界面是支撑液晶显示屏整体形象的内在因素。外观设计：液晶显示屏是数码相机机身上最大的一个部件．其设计设计是否出类拔萃是衡量时尚机型的主要外在指标，评价数码产品的外观设计是一个仁者见仁智者见智的问题．但也并非没有一个通行的衡量标准：主要看液晶显示屏与整机风格是否搭配按键设置是否合理是否有方便操作的设计等。

不可错过史上最小的DC-AC转换器想想它都能干什么哈

不可错过史上最小的DC-AC转换器想想它都能干什么哈记得某位哲学家曾经深情的说过不要相信你眼睛所看到的今天你有幸能重新感悟一下伟大先哲那时的一番肺腑了是不是有番触景生情的感觉啊其实做这个是一直看到大家在努力做更大的功率的逆变器我就想做个袖珍的给大家养养眼不说废话了先给大家晒个图此图是站里的高人所赐同时融合了网上一位侠客的思路做成对此再次表示感谢经过多方面的考虑最终选定 PQ3220 的磁芯反差双三层 0.25 密绕来完成能量转换选用 sg3525做驱动板并加入pc817做节点保护试过ka7500 感觉用在此线路待机电流太大了由于用的是老家的一个防爆灯里的启动器壳子空间狭小所以散热片不能太大就把提柜里的一个铝挡片给借用了散热片太小所以mos管的选用就是个很谨慎的问题了用了很长时间比对 6060 最适合它了更重要的是这个我有很多不怕坏线路和主要器件确定了现在开始选料做驱动板了还是那句话 DIY的线路一定要用万能板特别有劲----- 说到这也要感谢站里的一位义士（英雄不问名字嘿嘿嘿也是真么记住）贡献到站里的洞洞板画图工具哈哈哈果然好用啊经过一番千辛万苦的折腾没用一根跳线这就是驱动部分了线路很稳定特别是保护点的灵敏度只能意会不说了考虑到以后还要做一些类似的东东所以一下做了八块反正是单体板根据具体线路可拆解焊哪都方便磁芯驱动板外壳简直就是天作之合啊你们是不是也这么想啊嘻嘻大功告成整机没有一个螺丝都是用胶水黏的为什么不用螺丝我哪知道他去哪了14v时待机电流不超过31ma 纯粹的环保电源啊网上有个NB的大神调了一个不到20ma的好像用的是EE19的磁芯没有电瓶用稳压电源灯泡亮亮的连接口没绝缘反正有保护只接一根线到荧光灯就可点亮比上面的40w亮很多吧高频不伤眼哦大家千万不要说这是鱼机我都没敢做后续电路站里的一个长老说是破坏渔业资源乍一看就是节能灯的启辉器啊哈哈哈还可以拓展用来给笔记本供电放到外面做扑鼠器还有一个我不说了你懂的哈哈。

320×240元非制冷红外焦平面阵列读出电路

第36卷，增刊红外与激光工程2007年6月、，01．36Suppl em em I nf m r ed and L蠲e r Engi nee血g Jun．2007 320×240元非制冷红外焦平面阵列读出电路孟丽娅，薛联，吕果林，黄友恕，袁祥辉(重庆大学光电工程学院光电技术及系统教育部重点实验室，重庆400044)摘要：采用1．2岬DPD M n阱cM O S工艺设计并研制成功320×240热释电非制冷红外焦平面探测器读出电路。

该读出电路中心距为50岫，功耗小于50I Il W，主要由x、y移位寄存器、列放大器、相关双采样电路等构成，采用帧积分工作方式。

经测试，研制的读出电路性能指标达到设计要求。

给出了单元读出电路的电路结构、工作过程和参数测试结果。

采用该读出电路和热释电红外探测阵列互联后，获得了良好的红外热像。

关键词：读出电路；热释电；非制冷焦平面阵列中田分类号：1N216文献标识码：A文章编号：1007．2276(2007)增(器件)．0089—04320×240unc ool ed I R FPA r eadout ci r cui t加狲G Li．ya，)(U E1i al l，LO G uo—hn，H U A N G Y ou-shu，Ⅵr A N)(i觚g-hui(＆y L ab0嗽or y of opt oel cc仃DIl i c№l m0109y髓d Sy啦吣of m e E duca t i on M i I l i s时0f ch i n a’C o U eg c o f0ptoel咄oni cs脚n嘲i ng．C hongI扣g uni V粥咄ch∞gqi ng400044，C hi媳)A bs t r act：A320×240r ead叫t c硫ui t(R O I C)forⅡl e pyr oe l ec t r i c uncooM i nf j瞰ed det ec t or w鹬f abr i cat f通i n t he doubl e—pol y—doubl e—m et al(D PD M)n—w el l C M O S t ecl l I Iol ogy．1K s R O I C has50U mpj t ch aI l d m e D C pow er di s si pa t i on is L es s t l l如50m w．111i s ci r cuit，com pos ed of量a I l d Fs删}t I．egi st IIr' col um卸叩hf i er and c on-e l at ed doubl e sanl pl e(C D S)ci r cui t，i n t egm t ed si gnaJ f如m t l le det ec t or f or t hef hm e t i m e．The ci r cui t coI l f i guI．a t i on，oper at i on aI l d t e st i ng r e sul t ar e des cr i be d．T色s t i ng r e sul t i ndi c at esm at t he des i gned c疵ui t m e et s w i t h m e r e quhm ent．111i s R O I C chi p and s ensi ng ar I-ay w e坨hybr i d—i nt egr a钯d，aI l dm e册al i m a ge w a s obt aj ned．K e y w or ds：Reado ut ci】∞ui t；P yr oel ect r i c；U ncool ed i nf l m司f ocal pl锄e am yO引言非制冷红外焦平面阵列克服了制冷型红外焦平面阵列需要制冷的缺点，具有功耗低、成本低、体积小、重量轻等优点，在军事和民用领域均具有广阔的市场前景。

DC变换器新型软开关技术的研究的开题报告

DC/DC变换器新型软开关技术的研究的开题报告内容涵盖：1. 研究背景和意义2. 研究现状和问题3. 研究目标和内容4. 研究方法和技术路线5. 可行性分析和预期成果一、研究背景和意义随着电子技术的不断发展，电力电子技术成为推动现代电力系统发展的主要技术之一。

DC/DC变换器作为其中的重要组成部分，其效率、可靠性和安全性对整个系统性能具有重要影响。

目前，DC/DC变换器的主要问题是功率损失大、体积大、高频磁干扰等，其中功率损失是其主要的技术难点。

针对上述问题，新型软开关技术在DC/DC变换器中得到了广泛应用。

新型软开关技术具有开关速度快、损耗小、可靠性高等优点，能够显著提高DC/DC变换器的效率，降低体积和系统成本，为现代电力系统的发展提供了重要支撑。

二、研究现状和问题目前，DC/DC变换器的开关技术主要包括硬开关技术和软开关技术。

硬开关技术简单可靠，但功率损失大，对于高频应用存在局限性。

而软开关技术可以有效解决硬开关技术存在的问题，具有开关速度快、损耗小、可靠性高等优点，在高频应用中得到了广泛应用。

目前，软开关技术主要有零电流开关技术和零电压开关技术两种类型。

但在实际的应用中，软开关技术也存在着一些问题，如开关速度不稳定、损耗仍然较大等。

三、研究目标和内容本研究旨在研究新型软开关技术在DC/DC变换器中的应用，改善其开关速度和损耗等问题，提高效率和可靠性。

具体研究内容包括：1. 系统地研究新型软开关技术的原理和优势，分析其应用特点和限制。

2. 研究新型软开关技术在DC/DC变换器中的应用方法和技术路线，设计并实现一种新型软开关DC/DC变换器。

3. 分析新型软开关DC/DC变换器的开关速度和功率损失等性能参数，对其进行优化和改进。

4. 进行新型软开关DC/DC变换器的性能测试和比较分析，验证其效果。

四、研究方法和技术路线本研究采用实验和仿真相结合的方法，建立新型软开关DC/DC变换器的数学模型，并采用Matlab/Simulink等软件进行仿真分析，优化设计参数，验证其性能。