美国文学史PPT课件
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美国文学简史-序言-introductionPPT课件
of literature.
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Basic Qualities of American Writers
1) Independent
2) Individualistic
3) Critical
4) Innovative
5) Humorous
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Part II. The periods of American literature
II. American Prose Since 1945: Realism and Experimentation.
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• Literature is characterized by beauty of expression and form and by universality of intellectual and emotional appeal.
2. Forms (genres) of literature? Poetry, novel (fiction), drama, prose, essay, epic, elegy, short story, journalism, sermon, (auto) biography, travel accounts, novelette, etc.
2) Thematic Approach
➢ “What is the story, the poem, the play or the essay about?”
3) Historical Approach
➢ Aims at illustrating the historical development
1) Modern poetry: experiments in form (Imagism)
《美国文学》课件三.ppt
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Anne Bradstreet: "Contemplations (9)"
• Contemplations (9) • I heard the merry grasshopper then sing. • The black-clad cricket (蟋蟀) bear a second part; • They kept one tune and played on the same string, • Seeming to glory in their little art. • Shall creatures abject thus their voices raise • And in their kind resound their Maker's praise, • Whilst I, as mute, can warble (sing in a high voice but not
• Smith says of Pocahontas that she "hazarded the beating out of her owne braines to save mine."
4
Captain John Smith: Life experiences
• On September 10, 1608, Smith became president of the council in the colony and orchestrated （organize）such improvements as expanding the settlement around the fort and repairing many buildings.
• His importance is more seen in his Puritanical doctrines; a representative of the idealistic aspect of American Puritanism and an emblem of the Calvinist beliefs and tenets.
Anne Bradstreet: "Contemplations (9)"
• Contemplations (9) • I heard the merry grasshopper then sing. • The black-clad cricket (蟋蟀) bear a second part; • They kept one tune and played on the same string, • Seeming to glory in their little art. • Shall creatures abject thus their voices raise • And in their kind resound their Maker's praise, • Whilst I, as mute, can warble (sing in a high voice but not
• Smith says of Pocahontas that she "hazarded the beating out of her owne braines to save mine."
4
Captain John Smith: Life experiences
• On September 10, 1608, Smith became president of the council in the colony and orchestrated （organize）such improvements as expanding the settlement around the fort and repairing many buildings.
• His importance is more seen in his Puritanical doctrines; a representative of the idealistic aspect of American Puritanism and an emblem of the Calvinist beliefs and tenets.
美国文学ppt课件
James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851)
The Leatherstocking Tales were a series of novels about the frontier lives of American settlers.
The Pioneers was the first of The Leatherstocking Tales. The other four stories are The Last of the Mohicans, The
An Introduction to British and American Culture
William Faulkner (1897-1962)
The Sound and the Fury Light in August Absalom, Absalom! Go Down, Moses
An Introduction to British and American Culture
Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849)
The Raven (1844) was one of his most enduring works.
The Fall of the House of Usher The Masque of Red Death Legia
An Introduction to British and American Culture
Charaters: Hester Prynne, Roger Chillingworth, Arthur Dimmesdale
An Introduction to British and American Culture
20世纪美国文学史ppt课件
;
2
Jazz Age
After WWI, people found that the war which
cost millions of lives failed to provide an abiding
solutions to the world’s problems, that the war
to Arms, 1929, William Faulkner The Sound and the Fury, 1929,
Drama: Eurgene O’Neill, The Emperor Jones, 1920, Anna
Christie, 1921, The Hairy Ape 1922,
Part V. Twentieth-Century Literature
1920s, Jazz Age.
I. Historical Background: WWI, peace-making period/boom time.
Politically, US entered WWI in 1917 for purity and democracy. The period of peace-making ended with general disillusionment about the value of war: only a sense of the failure of political leaders and a belief in the futility of hope. No abiding solutions to the world’s problems was found. And the resurgence of nationalism and the rise of new totalitarianism produce a second world war.
美国文学史总结PPT课件
人之福，也是众人之父“a common blessing and father to them all”
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John Winthrop
John Winthrop:《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England”. 1630年登上“阿贝亚”（Arbella）to Massachusetts并开始写日记keep a journal
其还是美国第一位主要作家the first major writer非凡表达能力，简洁明了，有点幽默，还是一位讽 刺天才as an author he had power of expression, simplicity, a subtle humor. He was also sarcastic.
美国早期文学主要为the narratives and journals of these settlements采用in diaries and in journals(日记和日志)，他们写关于the land with dense forests and deep-blue lakes and rich soil.
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Edward Taylor
清教徒诗人中最杰出的一位the best of the Puritan poets 他的作品遵循了十七世纪中期一些杰出诗人风格和形式his work followed they
style and forms of the leading English poets of the mid-seventeenth century。 他大部分作品关于宗教的，大部分诗歌直接以赞美诗为基础进行创作的most of
2019/9/12
2019/9/12
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John Winthrop
John Winthrop:《新英格兰历史》“The History of New England”. 1630年登上“阿贝亚”（Arbella）to Massachusetts并开始写日记keep a journal
其还是美国第一位主要作家the first major writer非凡表达能力，简洁明了，有点幽默，还是一位讽 刺天才as an author he had power of expression, simplicity, a subtle humor. He was also sarcastic.
美国早期文学主要为the narratives and journals of these settlements采用in diaries and in journals(日记和日志)，他们写关于the land with dense forests and deep-blue lakes and rich soil.
2019/9/12
10
Edward Taylor
清教徒诗人中最杰出的一位the best of the Puritan poets 他的作品遵循了十七世纪中期一些杰出诗人风格和形式his work followed they
style and forms of the leading English poets of the mid-seventeenth century。 他大部分作品关于宗教的，大部分诗歌直接以赞美诗为基础进行创作的most of
2019/9/12
美国文学史PPT马克吐温
Assessment
• 马克 · 吐温是 19 世纪美国现实主义 文学的主要奠基 人之一，他在现实 主义小说语言风格方面为美国文 学 的发展做出了卓越的贡献。用美国 小说家和评论 家威廉· 狄恩· 豪威尔 斯的话来说 ，他是 “ 美国 文学 的 林肯”。 • 马克 · 吐温是第一位用地道的美国 口语写作 的美国作家，他的《哈克 贝利 · 费恩历险记》为美国 小说的 语言带来意义深远的变化，奠定了 美国文学 口语化风格的基础。他那 清新幽默的文笔，毫无雕 琢的朴素 语言开创了美国小说口语化的先河， 对后 世作家产生巨大影响。
Assessment
海伦· 凯勒曾言：“我喜欢马克· 吐 温 ——谁会不喜欢他呢？即使是上帝，
亦会钟爱他，赋予其智慧，并于其心 灵里绘画出一道爱与信仰的彩虹。”
威廉· 福克纳称他为“第一位真正的美 国作家，我们都是继承他而来 ”。他 是美国乡土文学的集大成者。 海明威曾经说过“ 一切当代美国文学 都起源于马克 · 吐温一本叫《哈克贝 里· 费恩历险记tion
However ， he lacked financial acumen. Though he made a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he squandered it on various ventures, and was forced to declare bankruptcy. Twain worked hard to ensure that all of his creditors were paid in full, even though his bankruptcy had relieved him of the legal responsibility.
lecture_8 美国文学史课件
Literature of Ethnic Minorities
Black American Literature I Why African American literature considered separately? 1. bitter experience 2. different tradition 3. different myth II. Literary development: 1. Oral tradition: songs, ballads, spirituals
symbolism Flexible and swift All resources of the languages
V. Writer and Black: Ellison developed racial themes, but he rejected protest fictions because he was more interested in the world of arts.
III. Amy Tan (1952--) 1. Works:
The Kitchen God's Wife, 1991 The Hundred Secret Senses 1995 The Bonesetter's Daughter 2001. 2. Themes -mother/daughter tension, universally caused by generational conflicts, is here intensified by cultural differences. - Assimilation of two cultures:
4. 1940s: Richard Wright
Black American Literature I Why African American literature considered separately? 1. bitter experience 2. different tradition 3. different myth II. Literary development: 1. Oral tradition: songs, ballads, spirituals
symbolism Flexible and swift All resources of the languages
V. Writer and Black: Ellison developed racial themes, but he rejected protest fictions because he was more interested in the world of arts.
III. Amy Tan (1952--) 1. Works:
The Kitchen God's Wife, 1991 The Hundred Secret Senses 1995 The Bonesetter's Daughter 2001. 2. Themes -mother/daughter tension, universally caused by generational conflicts, is here intensified by cultural differences. - Assimilation of two cultures:
4. 1940s: Richard Wright
美国文学史及作品选读PPT5
Whitman’s great work: Leaves of Grass
(Marking the birth of true American poetry) ● Went through 9 editions: 1855, 1856, 1860, 1867, 1871, 1876, 1881, 1889, 1891-92.
Discussion of Dickinson’s Poem “Success Is Counted Sweetest”
◆ Who are “the purple host”? ◆ Who is “he” in the last stanza?
◆ Why is success “counted sweetest by those who never succeed”?
Whitman’s Poetics
● Whitman’s poetic style is marked, first of all, by the use of the poetic “I” (usually a triangular relationship: “I” the poet, subject in the poem and “you” the reader. ● Whitman is also radically innovative in terms of the form of his poetry. What he prefers is “free verse”.
Whitman has been compared to a mountain in American literary history.
His innovations in diction and versification, his frankness about sex, his inclusion of the commonplace and the ugly and his censure of the weakness of the American democratic practice paved his way to a share of immortality in American Literature.
lecture_4 美国文学史课件
3.Three stages of Imagist Movement
•1908—1909: began in London, Hulme founded a poet’s club, Hulme insisted that “ absolutely accurate presentation and no verbiage”.
All forces seemed to be pulling apart, no mythical center, God expelled from universe in spiritual waste land, life---meaningless, futile, homeless, estranged.
Fitzgerald: (1896----1940)
• Life: • Works: This Side of Paradise 1920 The Beautiful and Damned 1921 Flappers and Philosophers Tales of the Jazz Ape---- collection of stories
He was for the most part of life trying to offer Confucius philosophy to save the west.
He saw life was sordid and was personal crushing oppressio more ambitious and eternal.
Importance:
❖ It is a rebellion against the traditional poetics that failed to reflect the new life of new country.
美国文学史之AllanPoe课件
Life Experiences
1809: born in Boston 1826: university of Virginia 1827: his first book of poetry, Tamerlane and
Other Poems 1830: West Point 1832 : his first short story “MS. Found in a Bottle” 1835: editor of The Southern Literary Messenger 1836: married 1847: his wife died 1849: died in Baltimore
To shut her up in a sepulcher In this kingdom by the sea…
Poe’s Theories for the Short Stories
Reviews of Hawthorne’s Twice-Told Tales Totality: “ in almost all classes of
Annabel Lee
It was many and many a year ago, In a kingdom by the sea,
That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of Annabel Lee; —
And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me.
Heart”, “Ligeia”, “The Masque of the Red Death”, etc.
1809: born in Boston 1826: university of Virginia 1827: his first book of poetry, Tamerlane and
Other Poems 1830: West Point 1832 : his first short story “MS. Found in a Bottle” 1835: editor of The Southern Literary Messenger 1836: married 1847: his wife died 1849: died in Baltimore
To shut her up in a sepulcher In this kingdom by the sea…
Poe’s Theories for the Short Stories
Reviews of Hawthorne’s Twice-Told Tales Totality: “ in almost all classes of
Annabel Lee
It was many and many a year ago, In a kingdom by the sea,
That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of Annabel Lee; —
And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me.
Heart”, “Ligeia”, “The Masque of the Red Death”, etc.
美国文学史及选读 ppt课件
2. character of colonial literature a. content: religious, political b. form: diary, journal, letters, travel books,
sermons, history (personal literature) c. style: simple. direct, concise d. out of humble origins
With regard to technique one naturally thinks of the simplicity which characterizes the Puritan style of writing.
John Cotton and Roger Williams Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor 小虫小物尚扬声，难道吾便如哑子。
2. John Calvin a. predestination b. original sin and totated few
3. practical , optimistic， idealistic 4. a doctrinaire opportunist
The American Puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception was chiefly important in calling into being a literary symbolism which is distinctly American.
The Literature of Colonial America
Historical Introduction
1. colonial settlement(1607-1776) In 1492, Christopher Columbus discovered
sermons, history (personal literature) c. style: simple. direct, concise d. out of humble origins
With regard to technique one naturally thinks of the simplicity which characterizes the Puritan style of writing.
John Cotton and Roger Williams Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor 小虫小物尚扬声，难道吾便如哑子。
2. John Calvin a. predestination b. original sin and totated few
3. practical , optimistic， idealistic 4. a doctrinaire opportunist
The American Puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception was chiefly important in calling into being a literary symbolism which is distinctly American.
The Literature of Colonial America
Historical Introduction
1. colonial settlement(1607-1776) In 1492, Christopher Columbus discovered
lecture_5 美国文学史课件
American Literature of 1930s
I.background -radical 30s, economic crisis, typified by serious worker, -Roosevelt and New Deal
II. literature of 1930s 1.general features: -social concern and social involvement -revival of naturalistic tradition 2.important writers -John Dos Passos -John Steinbeck -James Farrell -black lit: Richard Wright, Langston Hughs -poet: Archibald Macleish
Edgar Allan Poe, Katherine Anne Porter, Eudora Welty, Flannery O’Connor, William Faulkner
4. unique features
twisted, violent, pessimistic, dealing with displacement and human distorted innocence
III. John Steinbeck 1.life : middle-class family, work at
various unskilled jobs 2. works:
Cup of Gold Tortilla Flat In Dubois War Of Mice and Man The Grapes of Wrath Travel with Charley
美国文学第一章课件 American_History.ppt 2
•
▲ late:
1. The literature of colonial America (1607 mid-18th)
◆American Puritanism: Puritanism is the practices and beliefs
of the puritans. Quite a few of the early British settlers were Puritans. They were members of the Church of England, who aimed at reforms in its doctrines and strictness in religious disciplines and were persecuted. To avoid the religious Persecution, some of them managed to escape to the New world and became known as Puritan Fathers.
• Pilgrim Fathers
In 1620, a tiny ship called the “May flower” sailed from England for the New world, with 102 passengers. 50% were Pilgrims. Landed in what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.
亚美瑞格. 亚美瑞格.韦斯普奇号是意大利海军的一 艘高桅横帆船， 艘高桅横帆船，她的名字来源于探险家 亚美瑞格.韦斯普奇（伟大的航海家 航海家， 亚美瑞格.韦斯普奇（伟大的航海家， 1497年到1504年 年到1504 从1497年到1504年 Amerigo Vespucci 曾四次到南美洲进行探险航行。 曾四次到南美洲进行探险航行。他对于 所到达的国家做了非常细致的描述。 所到达的国家做了非常细致的描述。这 些文字在欧洲流传甚广并给他带来极大 的声誉： 的声誉：人们认为他是真实的美洲的发现者
▲ late:
1. The literature of colonial America (1607 mid-18th)
◆American Puritanism: Puritanism is the practices and beliefs
of the puritans. Quite a few of the early British settlers were Puritans. They were members of the Church of England, who aimed at reforms in its doctrines and strictness in religious disciplines and were persecuted. To avoid the religious Persecution, some of them managed to escape to the New world and became known as Puritan Fathers.
• Pilgrim Fathers
In 1620, a tiny ship called the “May flower” sailed from England for the New world, with 102 passengers. 50% were Pilgrims. Landed in what is now Plymouth, Massachusetts.
亚美瑞格. 亚美瑞格.韦斯普奇号是意大利海军的一 艘高桅横帆船， 艘高桅横帆船，她的名字来源于探险家 亚美瑞格.韦斯普奇（伟大的航海家 航海家， 亚美瑞格.韦斯普奇（伟大的航海家， 1497年到1504年 年到1504 从1497年到1504年 Amerigo Vespucci 曾四次到南美洲进行探险航行。 曾四次到南美洲进行探险航行。他对于 所到达的国家做了非常细致的描述。 所到达的国家做了非常细致的描述。这 些文字在欧洲流传甚广并给他带来极大 的声誉： 的声誉：人们认为他是真实的美洲的发现者
美国文学-Colonial_Americappt课件
Anne Bradstreet wrote on the everlasting theme of love to eulogize the true love between her husband and her. She strongly praised the sincerity of their love and felt grateful for all the love she had enjoyed from her husband. When they were alive, that love was so abundant and burning hot that rivers cannot quench; when they die, their death would just prove the love constant. The true love has overgrown the power of time and space.
Chapter I Colonial America
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ppt课件
1
Historical Introduction Puritanism Early American writers and Poets
I. Historical Introduction
The native American--Indians and their culture
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ppt课件
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Religious Doctrines of Puritans
Calvinism: predestination, original sin, total depravity, and limited atonement.
Chapter I Colonial America
2020/2/12
ppt课件
1
Historical Introduction Puritanism Early American writers and Poets
I. Historical Introduction
The native American--Indians and their culture
2020/2/12
ppt课件
7
Religious Doctrines of Puritans
Calvinism: predestination, original sin, total depravity, and limited atonement.
lecture_4 美国文学史课件
❖ It is this movement that helped to open the first stage of modern English and American Poerty.
7. Reprentatives: Ezra Pound, William Carlos Williams, Wallace Stevens, T.S. Eliot, Carl Sandburg, Marianne Moore, Hilda Doolittle, Richard Aldington.
Three principles of imagism put forward by Pound: • Direct treatment of thing: • Economy of Expression: • Rhythm:
5. What is an “image” according to Pound:
Fitzgerald: (1896----1940)
• Life: • Works: This Side of Paradise 1920 The Beautiful and Damned 1921 Flappers and Philosophers Tales of the Jazz Ape---- collection of stories
Pound defined an image as that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in a stage of time. Later he extended this definition as “a vortex or cluster of fused ideas” “endowed with energy”
7. Reprentatives: Ezra Pound, William Carlos Williams, Wallace Stevens, T.S. Eliot, Carl Sandburg, Marianne Moore, Hilda Doolittle, Richard Aldington.
Three principles of imagism put forward by Pound: • Direct treatment of thing: • Economy of Expression: • Rhythm:
5. What is an “image” according to Pound:
Fitzgerald: (1896----1940)
• Life: • Works: This Side of Paradise 1920 The Beautiful and Damned 1921 Flappers and Philosophers Tales of the Jazz Ape---- collection of stories
Pound defined an image as that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in a stage of time. Later he extended this definition as “a vortex or cluster of fused ideas” “endowed with energy”
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2. 19th_century American Literature 1) Romanticism; 2)Realism; 3)Naturalism 3. American Literature of the 20th century and the
present 1)modernism; 2)postmodernism
— John Updike: “Bitter Bamboo”
What is the implication of Updike’s comment ? Do you agderstanding about American literature and culture at present?
B) Simple, fresh, direct, plain, a touch of nobility
7
Periodization of American Literature Key Themes in American Literature
8
Periodization of American Literature
A General Introduction to American Literature
1
Discussions
China, experts agree, is the nation of the future […] The commercial and intellectual success its emigrants have enjoyed in nations from Malaysia to the United States all augur (预示) impending global dominance. In literature, however, the Chinese mainland, as far as Western ears go, is pretty quiet. […] Bookstores, the Times reports, are bustling, but nearly half the purchases consist of textbooks and half the translations are of American books.
9
The Literary Scene in Colonial America (ab.1607-1765)
Humble origins: diaries, histories, journals, letters, travel books, sermons.
Characteristics: in content—ponderously religious or serving colonial expansion or both; in form—imitating and transplanting English literary tradition; loosely structured and long sentences
American Puritans
American Puritans believed they were chosen by God to build an ideal community in America by leading a moral, simple and hardworking life.
Do you know the reason for the year of 1620 to be an important mark in American history? Why is the United States also called the New World by some people?
They were intolerant and strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violators of the Sabbath and other religious believers different from themselves.
6
Influence of American Puritanism upon American literature
1. Two major undercurrents in American literature: moods of optimism and frustration
2. writing style:
A) distinctively American symbolism: in relation to the Puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception about the world—the phenomenal world is nothing but a symbol of God.
10
William Bradford(1590-1567) Of Plymouth Plantation: to deliberate the religious and idealistic nature of their colonizing undertaking
1. Early American Literature (17th century and 18th century)
1) The Literary Scene in Colonial America (ab.16071765)
2) Literature of Enlightenment and Revolution (17651790s)
3
Core Doctrines of Puritanism
1.Absolute will of God (Bible ) 2.Original Sin (total depravity) 3.Predestination and limited atonement (the
elect)
4
5
present 1)modernism; 2)postmodernism
— John Updike: “Bitter Bamboo”
What is the implication of Updike’s comment ? Do you agderstanding about American literature and culture at present?
B) Simple, fresh, direct, plain, a touch of nobility
7
Periodization of American Literature Key Themes in American Literature
8
Periodization of American Literature
A General Introduction to American Literature
1
Discussions
China, experts agree, is the nation of the future […] The commercial and intellectual success its emigrants have enjoyed in nations from Malaysia to the United States all augur (预示) impending global dominance. In literature, however, the Chinese mainland, as far as Western ears go, is pretty quiet. […] Bookstores, the Times reports, are bustling, but nearly half the purchases consist of textbooks and half the translations are of American books.
9
The Literary Scene in Colonial America (ab.1607-1765)
Humble origins: diaries, histories, journals, letters, travel books, sermons.
Characteristics: in content—ponderously religious or serving colonial expansion or both; in form—imitating and transplanting English literary tradition; loosely structured and long sentences
American Puritans
American Puritans believed they were chosen by God to build an ideal community in America by leading a moral, simple and hardworking life.
Do you know the reason for the year of 1620 to be an important mark in American history? Why is the United States also called the New World by some people?
They were intolerant and strictly punished drunks, adulterers, violators of the Sabbath and other religious believers different from themselves.
6
Influence of American Puritanism upon American literature
1. Two major undercurrents in American literature: moods of optimism and frustration
2. writing style:
A) distinctively American symbolism: in relation to the Puritan’s metaphorical mode of perception about the world—the phenomenal world is nothing but a symbol of God.
10
William Bradford(1590-1567) Of Plymouth Plantation: to deliberate the religious and idealistic nature of their colonizing undertaking
1. Early American Literature (17th century and 18th century)
1) The Literary Scene in Colonial America (ab.16071765)
2) Literature of Enlightenment and Revolution (17651790s)
3
Core Doctrines of Puritanism
1.Absolute will of God (Bible ) 2.Original Sin (total depravity) 3.Predestination and limited atonement (the
elect)
4
5