江苏专版2020版高考英语考前保分训练专题1语法知识第4节情态动词和虚拟语气第1讲情态动词练习牛津译林版
高三英语高考语法知识点归纳总结情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词
八、情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词I.情态动词基本用法情态动词用法否定式疑问式简答式can 能力（体力，智力，技能）允许或许可（口语中常用）可能性（表猜测，用于否定句或疑问句中）can not / cannot /can’tdoCan…do…？Yes,…can.No,…can’t.could couldn’t domay 可以（问句中表示请求）可能，或许（表推测）祝愿（用于倒装句中）may not doMay…do…？Yes,…may.No,…mustn’t/can’t.might might not do Might…do…？Yes,…might No,…might not.must 必须，应该（表主观要求）肯定，想必（肯定句中表推测）must not/mustn’t do Must…do…? to.Yes,…must.No,…needn’t/don’t havehave to 只好，不得不（客观的必须，有时态和人称的变化）don’t have to do Do…have to do…？Yes,…do.No,…don’t.ought to 应当（表示义务责任，口语中多用should）ought not to/oughtn’t todoOught…to do…？Yes,…ought.No,…oughtn’t.shall 用于一三人称征求对方意见用于二三人称表示许诺、命令、警告、威胁等shall not/shan’t do Shall…do…？Yes,…shall.No,…shan’t.should 应当，应该（表义务责任）本该（含有责备意味）should not/sh ouldn’t do Should…do…？will 意愿，决心请求，建议，用在问句中would比较委婉will not/won’t doWill/Would…do…？Yes,…will.No,…won’t.would would not/wouldn’t dodare 敢（常用于否定句和疑问句中）dare not/daren’t do Dare…do…？Yes,…dare. No,…daren’t.need 需要,必须（常用于否定句和疑问句中）need not/needn’t do Need…do…？Yes,…must. No,…needn’t.used to 过去常常（现在已不再）used not/usedn’t/usen’tto dodidn’t use to doUsed…to do…？Did…use to do…？Yes,…used.No,…use(d)n’t.Yes,…did.No,…didn’t. II.情态动词的重点知识表示“能力、许可”的can和may 表示能力的情态动词用can/couldA computer_____think for itself; it must be told what to do.A.can’ｔB.must n’tC.may notD.might not表示许可时用may/might ,can/could 都可以，但在问句中用could…？或might…？以使口气委婉客气，其回答一定要用can或may，以使回答口气明确（must表示一定，必须，mustn’ｔ表示禁止，不许可）。
江苏省名校高三英语复习专题十虚拟语气和情态动词
学必求其心得，业必贵于专精I 。
知识重点 掌握虚拟语气的概念，特别要掌握不同语境下，虚拟语气中主句与从句动词的变化形式以及掌握特殊句式中的虚拟语气。
II 。
知识呈现 虚拟语气就是表示说话人的愿望、假设或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。
虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。
1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 （1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be 动词的过去式用were ）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would / should/ could / might + 动词原形”。
如： If I were a boy ， I would join the army. If the had time ， she should go with you 。
（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would / should / might / could + have +过去分词”。
如： If he had taken my advice ， he would have succeeded in the competition 。
（3)表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(were to ） + 动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would / should/could might + 动词原形。
如； If it were to rain tomorrow ， the football match would be put off. （4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。
如: If they had worked hard ， they would be very tired 。
(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在) If you had asked him when you saw him last time, you would know what to do now. 以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：条件状语从句 主 句 与过去事实相反 had + 过去分词 should /would/could/might + have + 过去分词 与现在事实相反 一般过去时(be 用were) would/should/could/m ight + 动词原形 与将来事实相反 一般过去时或should(were to) + 动词原形 would/should/could/m ight + 动词原形 注意：有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were / had / should +主语"。
2020江苏专版高考英语二轮复习讲义：专题1语法知识第四节
第四节情态动词与虚拟语气塁考点分析【设题方法】通过“虚虚实实”的语境来设题，考查真实语气和虚拟语气的交换使用及情态动词在具体语境中的应用。
［核心考点］结合语境考查情态动词和虚拟语气的基本用法。
【备考知识】1. 常用情态动词的基本用法(1) 表示过去经过努力而成功地做了某件具体的事情时，只能用was/were able to,不用could。
(2) must表示较有把握的推测，意为“准是，一定"，用于肯定句。
(3) should表示惊异、意外等情绪，经常用于疑问句和肯定句中，意为“竟然，居然”。
(4) can用在肯定句中，表示有能力做或能够发生，意为“能，会”。
(5) may用在肯定句中，表示对现在把握不大的推测，意为“也许，可能”。
may well表示“很可能会”，may/might as well表示“还不如，最好，不妨”。
(6) shall可以用于主语为第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话人的“命令、警告、威胁”等。
(7) could，might也可表示推测意义，常用在过去时态中；但在某些场合下，为了使语气更缓和、更委婉，常用could，might代替can，may。
(8) will可以表示意愿，还可以表示经常性、习惯性、倾向性等，意为“经常，总是”。
2. 虚拟语气在各类句型中的基本用法(1) 虚拟语气在名词性从句中的应用，主要用于表示“命令、要求、建议”等，谓语动词用“should +动词原形”，其中should可省略。
(2) 虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用，主要是通过动词的时态来体现。
匸真题灣断1. _____________________________________________ What a pity ! You missed the sightseeing, or we _________________________________________ a good time together.(2019 江苏，31)A. hadB.will haveC.would have hadD.had had答案C解析考查虚拟语气。
2020高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 情态动词与虚拟语气 新人教版
高考语法专题：情态动词与虚拟语气考纲新研读情态动词1. can, could(1)表示能力或客观可能性、请求或允许：Man cannot live without air or water.(2)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信：How can you be so careless!He couldn’t be over sixty.(3)表示对过去否定或疑问的猜测：Jack cannot (couldn’t) have been to China, has he?Can (Could) he have heard the news?(4)表示虚拟语气，用于肯定句，could have done,“过去能够干某事而没干”。
I could have lent him money, but he didn’t ask me.Given more time, I could have done it even better.(5)表示“有时会”：Training alone can be dangerous.2. may, might(1)表示推测“可能”：That may or may not be true.(2)对过去可能性的推测，may (might可能性更小)have done：She may not have seen the film.She might have had an accident.(3)表示虚拟语气“有可能干而没干”：She might have given you more help, but she didn’t.(4)表示祝愿：May you succeed in passing the exam！3.must，have to(1)“必须”，“必要”：Soldiers must obey orders.You mustn’t talk like that.(2)肯定的猜测(不能用于否定或疑问)：“一定”：He must be seventy now.He must be doing his homework upstairs.I think you must have made a mistake, didn’t you?He must have been doing his homework then.(3)(表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦)偏要Just as I was hurrying to class, Mary must come, telling a long story.4. need(1)“需要”，主要用于否定、疑问句。
巅峰冲刺江苏省2020年高考英语虚拟语气专项考点一遍过(6页)
巅峰冲刺江苏省2020年高考英语虚拟语气专项考点一遍过虚拟语气一、【知识精讲】（一）虚拟语气的三种基本形式1.与现在事实相反一般过去时/were（从句）would/should/could/might＋动词原形（主句）2.与过去事实相反had＋过去分词（从句）would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词（主句）3.与将来事实相反一般过去时/were to＋动词原形/should＋动词原形（从句）would/should/could/ might＋动词原形（主句）If he were/was here now, I could ask him the question. 如果他现在在这儿，我就可以问他这个问题。
If it rained/were to rain/should rain tomorrow, I would not go to Beijing. 如果明天下雨，我就不去北京了。
If he had told me his telephone number yesterday, I would have phoned him. 如果他昨天把电话号码告诉我，我一定会给他打电话。
（二）错综时间虚拟语气前面介绍的三种基本形式的虚拟语气，其if从句中谓语动词的动作与主句谓语动词的动作发生的时间是一致的，即同为现在、过去或将来。
但是当二者动作发生的时间不一致时，主句和从句各自的谓语形式要根据它们动作发生的时间按照上述原则作适当调整。
常见的错综时间是：从句表示过去，主句表示现在，即If...had＋过去分词..., ...should/would/could/might＋动词原形。
If she had followed the doctor's advice, she would be quite all right now. 如果(当初)她听从了医生的劝告，她现在就没事了。
江苏专版2020版高考英语考前保分训练专题1语法知识第4节情态动词和虚拟语气第1讲情态动词练习牛津译
第1讲情态动词一、高频考点梳理1.can/could(1)表示能力，could是can的过去式。
Can youspeakEnglish? 你会说英语吗？Could youspeakEnglishthen? 那时候你会说英语吗？(2)can表推测时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句；有时也用于肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性，或表示“有时可能会”之意。
Whydoesheknowthis? Can someonehavetoldhimaboutit？他怎么知道？会是有人告诉他了吗？Heisfriendly，butsometimeshe can bedifficulttogetalongwith.他友好，但是有时也难相处。
(3)cannot...too...或can’t...enough...意为“无论怎么……也不为过；越……越好”。
Theimportanceofeducation can’t bestressed toomuch/enough.教育的重要性再怎么强调都不为过。
2.may/might的用法(1)表示许可。
表示请求允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用m ustn’t 表示“不可以”、“禁止”。
—Might Iuseyourpen?—No，you mustn’t.——我能用你的钢笔吗？——不，你不能。
(2)表示推测、可能(常用于肯定句中)。
He may beverybusynow.现在他可能很忙。
(3)用于祈使句中表示祝愿。
May yousucceed！祝你成功！(4)may/mightaswelldo意为“最好做某事；不妨做某事”。
You mayaswelldo itatonce.你最好马上做这件事。
(5)may/mightwelldo...意为“……很有可能做某事”，主要用于加强推测的语气，表示具有较大的可能性。
Whatyousay maywellbe true.你说的很可能是事实。
2020版新高考英语考前保分训练江苏版(课件+讲义) 专题一 第4节 第2讲
第2讲虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用1.if虚拟条件句2.错综时间条件句当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称作“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。
If you had studied hard before，you would be a college student now.如果你以前用功学习了的话，你现在就是一名大学生了。
3.含蓄条件句用介词(短语)代替条件状语从句，常用的介词(短语)有without，but for，but that，otherwise，or，but等。
Without your help，we could not have succeeded.没有你的帮助，我们不可能取得成功。
But for electricity，there would be no modern industry.要是没有电，就没有现代工业。
He felt very tired yesterday，or he would have attended the party.他昨天太累了，否则他会参加派对的。
4.“要不是因为……”的句型(1)If it were not for...，I would/could/should/might do...要不是因为……，我现在就……(对现在的虚拟)。
(2)If it had not been for...，I would/could/should/might have done...要不是因为……，我当时就……(对过去的虚拟)。
If it were not for free tickets，I would not go to the cinema so frequently.要不是因为免费的电影票，我不会那么频繁地去看电影。
If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid，the consequences might have been much serious.如果当时在对我急救的过程中没有你的及时帮助，后果也许是非常严重的。
2020版高考英语二轮复习专题一语法运用第三节基础保分四情态动词、助动词和虚拟语气课件
[题目这么解] 1．若句中谓语动词为原形，在其前设纯空格时，注意考虑情态动词或助动词，然后 再根据句意或句式结构填入恰当的情态动词或助动词(如题3)； 2．一旦判断所给动词在句中作谓语后，就要考虑其时态、语态(如题1)、语气(如题2) 等。注意虚拟语气中的时态，除了if虚拟条件句，还应注意虚拟语气的标志词，如su ggest, would rather, as if, wish, otherwise, or, but for等。
语法填空中的情态动词、助动词和虚拟语气考点 [高考这样考] 1．(2019·高考浙江卷改编)But whatever it is，praise should ____________(give) on a case-by-case basis and be proportionate (相称的) to the amount of effort your child h as put into it. 2．(2019·高考天津卷改编) The workers were not better organized，otherwise they w ould ____________(accomplish) the task in half the time. 3．(2017·高考天津卷改编)My room is a mess，but I ____________ (need) clean it bef ore I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
短文改错中的情态动词、助动词和虚拟语气考点 [高考这样考] 1．(2019·高考江苏卷改编)What a pity！You missed the sightseeing，or we would ha d a good time together.____________ 2．(2018·高考全国卷Ⅱ)As a kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many t imes I asked to watch them, my parents would not to let me.____________ 3．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅱ)Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearb y.____________
江苏专版高考英语考前保分训练专题1语法知识第4节情态动词和虚拟语气第1讲情态动词练习牛津译林版
第1讲情态动词一、高频考点梳理1.can/could(1)表示能力，could是can的过去式。
Can youspeakEnglish? 你会说英语吗？Could youspeakEnglishthen? 那时候你会说英语吗？(2)can表推测时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句；有时也用于肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性，或表示“有时可能会”之意。
Whydoesheknowthis? Can someonehavetoldhimaboutit？他怎么知道？会是有人告诉他了吗？Heisfriendly，butsometimeshe can bedifficulttogetalongwith.他友好，但是有时也难相处。
(3)cannot...too...或can’t...enough...意为“无论怎么……也不为过；越……越好”。
Theimportanceofeducation can’t bestressed toomuch/enough.教育的重要性再怎么强调都不为过。
2.may/might的用法(1)表示许可。
表示请求允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn’t 表示“不可以”、“禁止”。
—Might Iuseyourpen?—No，you mustn’t.——我能用你的钢笔吗？——不，你不能。
(2)表示推测、可能(常用于肯定句中)。
He may beverybusynow.现在他可能很忙。
(3)用于祈使句中表示祝愿。
May yousucceed！祝你成功！(4)may/mightaswelldo意为“最好做某事；不妨做某事”。
You mayaswelldo itatonce.你最好马上做这件事。
(5)may/mightwelldo...意为“……很有可能做某事”，主要用于加强推测的语气，表示具有较大的可能性。
Whatyousay maywellbe true.你说的很可能是事实。
(江苏专版)2020版高考英语考前保分训练专题2完形填空第1节记叙文练习牛津译林版
第1节记叙文题组训练一1Throughout the years，I have valued opportunities to help people bothered with a work issue or a personal challenge.Knowing that I’d lent a 1 ear，each of these opportunities to 2 someone else also gavemeinnersatisfaction.Somepeoplemay3thatthosewhohelpothersneverneedhelpthemselves.4，thisthoughtcouldbenofurtherfromthetruth.Suchwasthe5formeweeksagowhenIwasfacingaparticularlytroublesomefamilyissuetha tseemedtogodownhill6mybesteffort.WhileIwasatacompleteloss，Ireceiveda(n) 7fromafriendI’dhelped.Shesimplyaskeda8questionabouthowIwasandIstartedtotoldher9 myfamilyissue.Overthenexthour，wehadadirectandhonestdiscussionaboutthe10.Shenotonlywasanactivelistener，butfreelyofferedher11intosimilarissuesshe’dexperienced.Ihungup，feeling better not only because I had 12 a solution，but because I felt comfortable.I felt my concerns were 13 without any judgmental comment，and that I could be myself 14 personal emotionswithapersonIcouldtrust.Though we’re always 15 to help others，it doesn’t mean we don’t need help ourselves.We all have our own pluses and minuses—we aren’t a solid rock without imperfections 16 each rock hasitsowncracks.Weallhavea17forafriendlyearoranopenandhonestopinionatsomepointsi nlife.And，ifyoubelievethatyoudon’twantto18someoneelsewithyourownissues，Iwould19youtoreachoutforhelp—reachingoutdoesn’tdecreaseyourhumanness，itonly20it.1.A.sensitive B.delicateC.sympatheticprehensive答案 C解析知道自己倾听了别人的心声，这样帮助别人的机会也给了作者内心的满足感。
高考英语语法考点解读：情态动词和虚拟语气
情态动词主要用来表示说话人的情感、态等，是中英语语法的重点，也是高考的热点，是单项填空必考的一个知识点。
情态动词在近五高考中主要考查四点：情态动词表示推测和可能性的用法；情态动词与虚拟语气；情态动词表达“情感、态、语气等”；情态动词表示“必要性”等方面的用法。
虚拟语气的考点主要集中在名词性从句、条件句中的用法，以及错综条件句中虚拟语气的应用。
一、情态动词表推测的用法headmaster.①That maynot be true.①He couldn'thavediscovered thetruth.注意：should (ought to)表示推测是高考考查的重点和难点。
如：—When can I come for the photos？I need them tomorrow afternoon.—They ________ be ready by 12：00.A．can B．should C．might D．need【解析】B A项表示推测时常用于否定句和疑问句中。
C项表示推测语气不太肯定。
should意为“按理说，理应”，既回答了顾客的询问，不失礼貌，又为照片有可能尚未洗好，顾客到时取不到留下了回旋的余地，体现了店主的精明与用词经过仔细推敲。
二、情态动词的其他用法1．can, could, may, might2.must, should3. need, dare4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would4.shall/will/would二、情态动词＋have done四、虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话人所说的话不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
1．虚拟语气在条件句中的用法If it were to rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car. 如果明天下雨的话，我就不开车了。
(明天的情况还不知道)If I had done it in time, I should have had a good time. 如果我及时做的话，日子就好过多了。
2020年高考英语真题和模拟题(含答案及解析)动词的时态和语态及情态动词和虚拟语气
2020 年高考英语真题/模拟题+答案+解析（动词的时态和语态及情态动词、虚拟语气）一、2020 年高考真题1\（2020·新课标III 卷语法填空）65（When/As）he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and 66．(point) down the river.【答案】pointed【解析】考查动词时态。
句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。
根据上文they smiled and 可知此处应用一般过去时。
故填pointed。
2、（2020·浙江卷语法填空）And，as more children were born，morefood59．(need).【答案】was needed【解析】考查时态语态。
句意：随着越多的小孩出生，越多的食物被需要。
分析句子，逻辑主语和need 之间表示被动逻辑。
同时此处描述的是过去的时间，所以时态应用过去时。
故此处应用过去时的被动语态。
food 为不可数名词。
故填was needed。
3、（2020·浙江卷语法填空）By about 6000 BC，people 61．(discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise.【答案】had discovered【解析】考查时态。
句意：大约在公元前6000 年，人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。
分析句子，简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词，故此处需用动词的时态。
逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动逻辑。
by + 过去时间译为“到..为止”，后面的句子用过去完成时。
故填had discovered.4、（2020·浙江卷语法填空）New methods 65．(mean)that fewer people worked infarming.【答案】meant【解析】考查时态。
2020高考英语考纲解读专题-情态动词和虚拟语气
高考英语考纲解读专题-情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词和虚拟语气【高考考纲解读】情态动词是各地高考试题中的必考项目，每年高考单项填空必有一道考查情态动词的项目。
考点依次是：推测(可能性)→请求/允许→必要性→特殊用法。
试题的立意不偏不怪，但有效信息越来越隐蔽，语境越来越真实，考查角度越来越细致，这些因素在很大程度上增加了试题的难度。
而虚拟语气的试题偏少，有些省份已将虚拟语气列为不考的项目。
【重点、难点剖析】第一部分、情态动词一、can/could与be able to1．can/could用来表示"一般能力"；be able to有多种时态，且用来表示在特定条件下的"具体能力"。
如：My grandma is over seventy，but she can still read without glasses. They will be able to tell you the news soon.He was able to flee Europe before the war broke out.2．表示允许可用can或could，与may/might意义接近。
could可用于现在时，只是语气更加委婉、客气，回答时则一般要用can而不用could。
—Could I have the television on?—Yes，you can./No，you can't.二、may与might1．表示允许，意为"可以，许可"，用法基本上同can与could。
如：May I use your bicycle?2．表示可能性，意为"也许，可能"。
如：According to the weather forecast, it may rain tomorrow.3．may可以放在句首，表示祝愿。
如：May good luck be yours!三、must与have to1．must用来表示说话人的主观看法；have to表示客观的需要，强调外界压力，不得已而为之。
江苏省牛津译林版英语2020届高考一轮复习情态动词与虚拟语气专题精讲(word版)
专题一：情态动词与虚拟语气情态动词的用法一、情态动词的语法特征。
情态动词和助动词一样，都是辅助性的动词，用来帮助构成不同的时态和语态，表示说话者的某种情态，没有人称和数的变化。
情态动词主要有can, may, must, could, might, shall , should, will, would, ought to, need, dare等。
1、情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。
2、情态动词除ought 和have 外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式,即动词原形。
3、情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。
4、情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词等形式。
二、情态动词的基本用法。
1、can, could（1）表示能力，意为“能，会”：The smallest good habits can make a big difference.[福建] It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying.[湖北]（2）表推测，意为“可能”，用于否定句或疑问句中，can比could语气强：This can’t/couldn’t be done by him.（3）表示请求或允许，在疑问句中可以用could代替can，语气更委婉。
Could I use your phone,please?（4）表示理论上的可能性。
Always believe that good things are possible,and remember that mistakes can be lessons that lead to discoveries.（5）用于否定句或疑问句，表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等态度。
He can’t do this. / Can this be done by him?（6）用于固定习语中：can’t...too/enough表示“无论...也不为过”；can’t help doing sth表示“禁不住做某事”：You can’t be too careful while driving. / Hearing the story,I couldn’t help laughing.【易混易错】can和be able to的区别：（1）都可以表示能力，有时可以互换。
2020届全国新高考英语核心考点 情态动词和虚拟语气
2020届全国新高考英语核心考点考点09情态动词和虚拟语气2020届全国高考英语复习备考建议（一）.以词汇为抓手，培养词汇的活用能力。
3500词汇常抓不懈，时刻贯穿课堂，以讲练结合的形式逐一过关。
指导学生科学地记忆单词依然是二轮复习的重点。
过好词汇关才会有挑战高分的资本。
（二）.以阅读和写作为重点，搞好专题突破，提升能力。
1. 阅读是考查学生语言运用能力的主要形式，体裁多样，内容广泛。
因此，应选择不同体裁如记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及不同题材如科普知识、人物传记、历史文化、新闻报道等时效性较强而且学生感兴趣、难易度与高考相近的文章，让学生限时阅读。
因为学生在限时阅读时，精力集中，思维积极，理解效果好，可以提高阅读速度。
（阅读理解四篇，30分钟，目的是提高阅读速度，培养良好的阅读习惯。
然后，马上讲评，可以让学生讲，老师补充。
）阅读中要克服心理障碍，其表现为长句障碍、词汇障碍、文化障碍以及话题体裁障碍（有同学一看到科普类、社会文化类的文章，头就昏了，马上产生畏惧心理），这就要求老师对学生心理指导，并帮助他们提高长难句的分析能力以及答题技巧，往往文章难的，设题简单，并告诉他们如何从文章中找到答案，陌生词不是那么可怕。
2.写作：2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲要求考生根据提示进行书面表达。
书面表达能力的提高一方面需要大量阅读，另一方面离不开反复地进行语言基本功的训练。
而英语写作能力的培养必须由简到繁，由易到难，由浅入深，循序渐进地进行训练。
平时强化词汇、语法知识的运用，背诵一定篇数的经典范文，并在此基础上多读、多写，养成良好的写作习惯。
考生应该加强审题的训练，熟悉英语的五种简单基本句型，写好英语简单句。
背课文和范文佳作，并且模仿其中的高级表达，学会使用这些高级表达来润色自己的文章。
熟悉和了解高考书面表达的评分标准以及得分档次。
加强书写的工整和美观。
（三）、听力训练要常抓不解，久久为功。
除了每天坚持听一套听力材料外，还应在课堂上对学生听力技巧的训练。
2020版新高考英语考前保分训练江苏版：虚拟语气
第2讲虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用1.if虚拟条件句2.错综时间条件句当条件句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称作“错综时间条件句”，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间做出相应的调整。
If you had studied hard before，you would be a college student now.如果你以前用功学习了的话，你现在就是一名大学生了。
3.含蓄条件句用介词(短语)代替条件状语从句，常用的介词(短语)有without，but for，but that，otherwise，or，but等。
Without your help，we could not have succeeded.没有你的帮助，我们不可能取得成功。
But for electricity，there would be no modern industry.要是没有电，就没有现代工业。
He felt very tired yesterday，or he would have attended the party.他昨天太累了，否则他会参加派对的。
4.“要不是因为……”的句型(1)If it were not for...，I would/could/should/might do...要不是因为……，我现在就……(对现在的虚拟)。
(2)If it had not been for...，I would/could/should/might have done...要不是因为……，我当时就……(对过去的虚拟)。
If it were not for free tickets，I would not go to the cinema so frequently.要不是因为免费的电影票，我不会那么频繁地去看电影。
If it had not been for your timely assistance in giving me first aid，the consequences might have been much serious.如果当时在对我急救的过程中没有你的及时帮助，后果也许是非常严重的。
2020年高考江苏版高考英语 专题六 情态动词和虚拟语气
二、表推测(可能性) 1.可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。客 观的可能性并不表示具体某事是否会发生,而用来说明人或事物的特 征。情态动词can可用于肯定句中表示客观的(或理论的)可能性,而表 示具体事情实际发生的可能性时,can 一般不用于肯定句。 Accidents can happen on such rainy days. 在这样的多雨天气里可能会发生事故。(客观的可能性) We may go to the cinema tonight,but we are not sure yet. 今晚我们可能去看电影,但还没确定。(实际可能性,不用can)
(2)主动提出帮忙(making an offer)时用:Shall I/we...? —What’s your name? —Khulaifi.Shall I spell it for you? ——你叫什么? ——Khulaifi。我为你拼出来好吗?
2.表示命令、允许、禁止 must(必须),mustn’t(禁止)可以表示说话者的命令或指令,语气比较强烈; should/ought to(应该),shouldn’t/oughtn’t to(不应该)也可表示说话者的 命令、指令,但暗含对对方是否听从并无把握;may/might,can表示允许。 The children must be back by 4 o’clock. 孩子们必须在4点钟以前回来。 The new law states that people mustn’t drive after drinking alcohol.新颁布 的法律禁止人们酒后驾车。
I should go and visit him this afternoon,but I wonder if I will be free. 今天下午我应该去看望他,但我不知道我是否有空。(表示将来应该) You should have come to the conference yesterday.What was the reason for your absence?你昨天本应该参加那个会议。你缺席的原因是什么? (表示过去本该)
2020版高考江苏英语大一轮精准复习练习：第一部分 语法知识 专题六 情态动词和虚拟语气 含答案
专题六情态动词和虚拟语气挖命题【考情探究】分析解读近几年江苏高考英语对情态动词和虚拟语气的考查趋于稳定,主要集中在常用的情态动词的基本用法和虚拟语气在不同句式中的运用上,两者常会结合在一起考查。
试题通过语境体现说话者的语气、情感、态度、观点等。
命题立意不偏不怪,情景逼真,设问角度趋于细微化和综合化。
【真题典例】破考点【考点集训】1.(2018江苏常州一模,29)—Why didn’t you move to another city when you finished your further study abroad?—I wanted to, but she simply let me go.A.couldn’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’t haveD.mustn’t have答案B2.(2018江苏苏锡常镇5月教学情况调研,34)—It’s so cold here!Why haven’t you turned on your air conditioner? —Well, it turn on.A.shouldn’tB.can’tC.won’tD.shan’t答案C3.(2018江苏苏北六市3月联考,25) What a relief!We would still be wandering aimlessly in the woods to bring a compass with you.A.should you forgetB.had you forgottenC.you should forgetD.you had forgotten答案B4.(2018江苏泰州中学3月检测,27) if I had arrived yesterday without letting you know beforehand?A.Would you be surprisedB.Were you surprisedC.Had you been surprisedD.Would you have been surprised答案D5.(2017江苏苏北六市3月联考,28)—I have no idea what made the students so excited and crazy.—it have been their team’s victory in the finals?A.MustB.CouldC.WouldD.Should答案B6.(2017江苏苏锡常镇一模,33)—Nowadays people seem to become more and more selfish.—How much better life would be if we to the values of the past!A.were to returnB.had returnedC.returnD.will return答案A7.(2017江苏联盟2月联考,34)—Helen, are you going to the airport to pick up Jack the day after tomorrow? —tomorrow night, I would pick him up.A.Were he to come backB.If he was about to come backC.Had he come backD.If he would come back答案A炼技法方法一1.(2018江苏苏锡常镇5月教学情况调研,23) People from across the world gathered in London to hear Big Ben’s last regular chime and some of them even cried, as if they a friend’s funeral.A.attendedB.have attendedC.were attendingD.would attend答案C2.(2018江苏南京、盐城一模,30) During my first year abroad, I was so busy studying and meeting new people that I did not phone my parents as often as I .A.shouldB.wouldC.should haveD.would have答案C3.(2017江苏南京、盐城二模,32)He was greatly shocked at Donald Trump’s taking office. Never did he expect that the voters be so unreasonable.A.shouldB.couldC.wouldD.might答案A4.(2017江苏苏锡常镇一模,23)—Sherry rang to say she was too busy to come.—Well, she say that. She is always making excuses.A.mustn’tB.wouldC.needn’tD.should答案B方法二1.(2018江苏镇江一模,25) Volunteers and charities, as well as many churches, arrange meals for the homeless and those who otherwise be alone on Christmas Day.A.canB.shouldC.wouldD.may答案C2.(2017江苏南通如皋联考,13)Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the objectives to be attained into account before starting a new project.A.be takenB.should takeC.would be takenD.have to be taken答案A3.(2017江苏苏北四市第一次调研,34)—So boring and exhausted! I’d rather I hadn’t been invited to the party.—Oh, no. If so, I a quiet night at home.A.didn’t enjoyB.hadn’t enjoyedC.couldn’t have enjoyedD.couldn’t enjoy答案C4.(2017江苏南通一模,27)I’m sorry to say I failed to meet the deadline. With better equipment, I the task on schedule.A.would accomplishB.might have accomplishedC.must have accomplishedD.could accomplish答案B过专题A组自主命题·江苏卷题组1.(2018江苏,27)There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I a second chance to become more involved.A.hadB.will haveC.would have hadD.have had答案A2.(2017江苏,22)not for the support of the teachers, the student could not overcome her difficulty.A.It wereB.Were itC.It wasD.Was it答案B3.(2016江苏,27)If it for his invitation the other day,I should not be here now.A.had not beenB.should not beC.were not to beD.should not have been答案A4.(2015江苏,28)It might have saved me some trouble the schedule.A.did I knowB.have I knownC.do I knowD.had I known答案D5.(2014江苏,31)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,bring me food.A.mightB.wouldC.shouldD.could答案CB组统一命题、省(区、市)卷题组1.(2018北京,12)In today’s information age, the loss of data cause serious problems for a company.A.needB.shouldC.canD.must答案C2.(2018天津,15)If we the flight yesterday, we would be enjoying our holiday on the beach now.A.had caughtB.caughtC.have caughtD.would catch答案A3.(2018北京,13)They might have found a better hotel if they a few more kilometers.A.droveB.would driveC.were to driveD.had driven答案D4.(2018天津,10)I can’t find my purse. I it in the supermarket yesterday, but I’m not sure.A.should leaveB.must have leftC.might leaveD.could have left答案D5.(2017北京,21)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class,easily reach the books on the top shelf.A.mustB.shouldC.canD.need答案C6.(2017北京,34)If the new safety system to use, the accident would never have happened.A.had been putB.were putC.should be putD.would be put答案A7.(2017天津,2)My room is a mess, but I clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.A.daren’tB.shouldn’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t答案C8.(2017天津,15)—Do you have Betty’s phone number?—Yes. Otherwise, I able to reach her yesterday.A.hadn’t beenB.wouldn’t have beenC.weren’tD.wouldn’t be答案B9.(2016天津,5)It was really annoying;I get access to the data bank you had recommended.A.wouldn’tB.couldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t答案B10.(2016天津,15)I was wearing a seat belt. If I hadn’t been wearing one,I.A.were injuredB.would be injuredC.had been injuredD.would have been injured答案D11.(2016浙江,15)Had the governments and scientists not worked together, AIDS-related deaths since their highest in 2005.A.had not fallenB.would not fallC.did not fallD.would not have fallen答案D12.(2016浙江,17)George too far. His coffee is still warm.A.must have goneB.might have goneC.can’t have goneD.needn’t have gone答案C13.(2016北京,34)Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you me, I could have helped.A.toldB.had toldC.were to tellD.would tell答案B14.(2015北京,29)—Can’t you stay a little longer?—It’s getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone.A.mayB.canC.mustD.dare答案C15.(2015北京,34)If I it with my own eyes,I wouldn’t have believed it.A.didn’t seeB.weren’t seeingC.wouldn’t seeD.hadn’t seen答案D16.(2015天津,7)I have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A.mightn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.couldn’t答案C17.(2015天津,13)I wish I at my sister’s wedding last Tuesday,but I was on a business trip in New York then.A.will beB.would beC.have beenD.had been答案D18.(2015福建,27)—Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.—Oh,it’s too bad.You have made full preparations.A.mustB.canC.wouldD.should答案D19.(2015陕西,21)You feel all the training a waste of time,but I’m a hundred percent sure later you’ll be grateful you did it.A.shouldB.needC.shallD.may答案D20.(2015陕西,23)Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her.A.danceB.will danceC.had dancedD.danced答案D21.(2015重庆,7)Without his wartime experiences,Hemingway his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.A.didn’t writeB.hadn’t writtenC.wouldn’t writeD.wouldn’t have written答案D22.(2015重庆,12)You be Carol.You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.A.mustB.canC.willD.shall答案A23.(2014北京,27)I have a word with you?It won’t take long.A.CanB.MustC.ShallD.Should答案A24.(2014四川,6)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother take me to Disneyland at weekends.A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.should答案C25.(2014江西,30)Life is unpredictable;even the poorest become the richest.A.shallB.mustC.needD.might答案D26.(2014福建,32)no modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A.Were thereB.Had there beenC.If there areD.If there have been答案A27.(2014陕西,23)We would rather our daughter at home with us,but it is her choice,and she is not a child any longer.A.would stayB.has stayedC.stayedD.stay答案C28.(2014浙江,16)They were abroad during the months when we were carrying out the investigation,or they to our help.A.would have comeB.could comeC.have comeD.had come答案AC组教师专用题组1.(2016北京,31)I love the weekend, because I get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.wouldn’tD.shouldn’t答案A2.(2015四川,2)You be careful with the camera.It costs!A.mustB.mayC.canD.will答案A3.(2015浙江,4)It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A.couldn’tB.shouldn’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t答案A4.(2015安徽,32)It is lucky we booked a room,or we nowhere to stay now.A.hadB.had hadC.would haveD.would have had答案C5.(2015北京,34)If I it with my own eyes,I wouldn’t have believed it.A.didn’t seeB.weren’t seeingC.wouldn’t seeD.hadn’t seen答案D6.(2014重庆,3)I’ve ordered some pizza,so we worry about cooking when we get home tired.A.can’tB.dare notC.needn’tD.may not答案C7.(2014湖南,25)—I’ve prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.—Do you mean we bring anything with us?A.can’tB.mustn’tC.shan’tD.needn’t答案D8.(2014陕西,25)My book,The House of Hades,is missing.Who have taken it?A.needB.mustC.shouldD.could答案D9.(2014大纲全国,30)Although you find bargains in London,it’s not generally a cheap place to shop.A.shouldB.needC.mustD.can答案D10.(2014重庆,13)It was John who broke the window.Why are you talking to me as if I it?A.had doneB.have doneC.didD.am doing答案A11.(2014天津,15)the morning train,he would not have been late for the meeting.A.Did he catchB.Should he catchC.Has he caughtD.Had he caught答案D12.(2014安徽,30)People are recycling many things which they away in the past.A.had thrownB.will be throwingC.were throwingD.would have thrown答案D13.(2014湖南,22)If Mr.Dewey present,he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there.A.wereB.had beenC.should beD.was答案B【三年模拟】A组2017—2019年模拟·基础题组1.(2019届江苏淮安清江中学期初检测,10)—Your windows are still open? It’s so cold!—Oh, sorry. They .A.aren’t closingB.won’t closeC.won’t be closedD.aren’t closed答案B2.(2019届江苏部分四星高中第一次调研,26)This nationwide smog should serve as a reminder to all,indicating a high time that we on what we’ve done to the environment.A.have reflectedB.are reflectingC.will reflectD.reflected答案D3.(2019届江苏淮安清江中学期初检测,9)—Hi, have you seen my schoolbag? It’s nowhere to be found.—You’re so careless! it on the playground again?A.May you leaveB.Can you have leftC.Could you leaveD.Must you have left答案B4.(2019届江苏淮安清江中学期初检测,5)The little girl the operation last week had it not been for the donations from society.A.couldn’t have receivedB.couldn’t receiveC.shouldn’t have receivedD.wouldn’t receive答案A5.(2018江苏如东高级中学期中,43)Anyone be a victim of road accidents if he doesn’t observe traffic regulations.A.canB.mustC.shouldD.shall答案A6.(2018江苏泰州中学月考,27)—Hey,the boy with a blue backpack come over here?We need another hand with this table.—Me?Oh,sorry,but I’ve got an injury in my leg.A.shallB.wouldC.shouldD.must答案B7.(2018江苏无锡期中,28)But for the survival instinct that nearly all creatures have, more species from the earth.A.could disappearB.might have disappearedC.should disappearD.will have disappeared答案B8.(2018江苏如东高级中学期中,40)It’s too bad that my computer has got a new virus. If only I that programme!A.didn’t runB.haven’t runC.hadn’t runD.wouldn’t run答案C9.(2018江苏启东中学第二次月考,25)The gap between the rich and the poor makes it essential that the governmenta new solution to the problem.A.must adoptB.adoptC.can adoptD.adopts答案B10.(2018江苏宝应中学第一次月考,24)There being a hospital nearby, the man saved.A.will beB.will have beenC.would beD.would have been答案D11.(2018江苏徐州期中,22)This short novel would not be remembered today not for Faulkner’s later works.A.it wereB.were itC.it wasD.was it答案B12.(2017江苏苏州期中,24)A recent study shows that being pulled into the world of an interesting novel make some actual, measurable changes in the brain.A.shouldB.needC.shallD.can答案D13.(2017江苏南通、徐州10月联考,43)The door open, no matter how hard she pushed.A.shouldn’tB.couldn’tC.wouldn’tD.mightn’t答案C14.(2017江苏四校联考,30)—Being the young generation in China,they take up all of the challenges and opportunities that this country offers?—Absolutely.A.mustn’tB.mightn’tC.shouldn’tD.couldn’t答案C15.(2017江苏无锡期末,33)According to the school rule, no child be allowed out of the school, unless accompanied by his own parents.A.shouldB.mustC.shallD.can答案C16.(2017江苏七校联考,27)—Have you seen the film Operation Mekong?—Yes. It’s said that the film in Thailand should it be found to damage the image of the country.A.would be bannedB.has been bannedC.will be bannedD.had been banned答案AB组2017—2019年模拟·综合题组1.(2019届江苏淮安清江中学期初检测,1)Lily could have passed the test, but she hard enough.A.doesn’t workB.didn’t workC.hasn’t workedD.hadn’t worked答案B2.(2019届江苏南京9月学情调研考试,12)Mr. Wills, who was being helped up onto the platform to take the prize, looked as if he by lightning.A.was just struckB.were just struckC.would just be struckD.had just been struck答案D3.(2019届江苏徐州一中阶段性检测一,32)The virtual reality the impression that everybody is gloriously attractive, but for the social media like WeChat and QQ having posted of people showing off their apparently good lives.A.have conveyedB.would have conveyedC.wouldn’t have conveyedD.haven’t conveyed答案C4.(2019届江苏泰州中学、宜兴中学第一次月考,33)Admitting your own ignorance was at the heart of Socrate’s method. Through a process of repeated questioning, he always attempt to tease the truth out of the people he was conversing with.A.shouldB.shallC.wouldD.will答案C5.(2019届江苏南通中学10月阶段考试,33)He would be in better health now with too much work when young.A.had he not burdened himselfB.if he was not burdenedC.were he not burdenedD.had he not been burdened himself答案A6.(2019届江苏苏州4市5区期中调研,29)—There is always temptation to hide away from our emotions.—But I’d rather we a way of being more outspoken, more honest, and truer to ourselves.A.findB.shall findC.foundD.have found答案C7.(2019届江苏南京溧水高中期初模拟,29)anyone come to my office, please tell them I’m not available before four o’clock.A.MightB.CouldC.WouldD.Should答案D8.(2019届江苏常州武进期中,28)It seems strange that the old man have returned to college to finish the degree he left undone four decades ago.A.wouldB.shouldC.couldD.might答案B9.(2018江苏海安高中月考,28)—You must be tired after the flight. You’d better take a good rest.—Yes,I.Thank you.A.willB.shouldC.mayD.would答案A10.(2018江苏溧阳高三调研测试,25) Failure has brought me benefits,teaching me things about myself that I no other way.A.could have learnedB.needn’t have learnedC.should have learnedD.wouldn’t have learned答案A11.(2018江苏盐城期中,33)Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have negative effects to use them wisely and flexibly.A.should the students failB.if the students failC.had the students failedD.if the students have failed答案A12.(2018江苏丹阳高级中学期中,34)Recently, a group of scientists worked together to successfully “edit” a human embryo and remove a genetic mutation (变异) that heart disease otherwise.A.had led toB.would lead toC.would have led toD.led to答案C13.(2017江苏苏州高三上学期期中,23)—It was such a difficult examination that a lot of students were unable to finish it on time.—That’s the case. It’s hard to accept the fact that over 90% of my classmates .A.should failB.should have failedC.will failD.may fail答案B14.(2017江苏泰州中学期中,35)The suggestion our teacher at the meeting is that students their lessons in time after learning.A.made;reviewB.make;reviewC.should make;reviewedD.made;reviewed答案A15.(2017江苏扬州高三上学期期末,27)I think that conflict is unlikely to happen, but if it, the interest of both China and the U.S. would be severely damaged.A.would occurB.had occurredC.were to occurD.occurs答案C16.(2017江苏苏州高三上学期期中,26)the danger of travelling on the lonely island, they would not be trapped now.A.Have they been informed ofB.Were they informed ofC.Should they be informed ofD.Had they been informed of答案D。
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第1讲情态动词
一、高频考点梳理
1.can/could
(1)表示能力，could是can的过去式。
Can youspeakEnglish? 你会说英语吗？
Could youspeakEnglishthen? 那时候你会说英语吗？
(2)can表推测时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句；有时也用于肯定句中，表示理论上的可能性，或表示“有时可能会”之意。
Whydoesheknowthis? Can someonehavetoldhimaboutit？他怎么知道？会是有人告诉他了吗？
Heisfriendly，butsometimeshe can bedifficulttogetalongwith.他友好，但是有时也难相处。
(3)cannot...too...或can’t...enough...意为“无论怎么……也不为过；越……越好”。
Theimportanceofeducation can’t bestressed toomuch/enough.教育的重要性再怎么强调都不为过。
2.may/might的用法
(1)表示许可。
表示请求允许时，might比may的语气更委婉一些，否定回答时要用mustn’t 表示“不可以”、“禁止”。
—Might Iuseyourpen?
—No，you mustn’t.
——我能用你的钢笔吗？
——不，你不能。
(2)表示推测、可能(常用于肯定句中)。
He may beverybusynow.现在他可能很忙。
(3)用于祈使句中表示祝愿。
May yousucceed！祝你成功！
(4)may/mightaswelldo意为“最好做某事；不妨做某事”。
You mayaswelldo itatonce.你最好马上做这件事。
(5)may/mightwelldo...意为“……很有可能做某事”，主要用于加强推测的语气，表示具有较大的可能性。
Whatyousay maywellbe true.你说的很可能是事实。
3.must的用法
(1)偏要、硬要(表固执、不满等)
Thecar must breakdownjustwhenwewereabouttostartoff.我们正要出发时偏偏车又坏了。
(2)用于表肯定的猜测(否定推测用can的某种形式)
Heisabsenttoday，andsomething must havehappenedtohim.他今天缺席了，一定是发生了什么事。
(3)mustn’tdo sth. 禁止
You mustn’tmake noisesinthelibrary.
在图书馆不可以发出噪音。
4.will/would的用法
(1)表示请求、建议等，would比will更委婉。
Will/Would youpassmetheball，please?
请把球递给我好吗？
(2)will/would表示意志、愿望和决心。
用于非人称主语时，表示其固有的性质或倾向。
Ifyou will makeanothertry，Ishalldoeverythingpossibletohelpyou.
如果你愿意再试一次的话，我愿尽一切可能帮助你。
Thedoor won’t shut.门关不上了。
(3)would表示过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向。
would表示过去习惯时比usedto正式，且没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。
He would cometohaveachatwithuswhenhewasfree.他有空时，常会过来跟我们聊天。
5.shall/should的用法
(1)shall用于主语为第二、三人称的陈述句中，表示说话者(而非句子主语)给对方的一种允诺、威胁、命令、警告等。
You shall havealotofmoney.你会有很多钱的。
(允诺)
You shall arrivetherebeforesunset.你们要在日落前到达那里。
(命令)
She shall getwhatshedeserves.她会有报应的。
(警告)
(2)shall用于主语为第三人称的陈述句中，表示条约、规章、法令等中的义务或规定，常译为“应，必须”。
Visitors shall notpickflowers.游客不得攀折花木。
(3)should意为“竟然”，常用在下列句型中：
Itisimportant/necessary/essential/strange/astonishing/naturalthat... Itisastonishingthathe should havecommittedthesamemistake.
他竟犯了相同的错误，真令人吃惊。
(4)should表示推测，意为“可能；应该会，想必会”，表预期，估计。
相当于beexpectedto。
往往指具有一定的客观根据；根据推理对现在某事发生的“可能性”进行描述。
Theyleftearlythismorning，andthey should betherenow.他们今天早上很早就出发了，现在应该到了吧。
6.dare和need的用法
(1)dare和need作实义动词用时，有人称、时态和数的变化。
在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。
在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。
而need后面只能接带to的不定式。
I dareto swimacrossthisriver.我敢游过这条河。
Hedoesnot dare(to) answer.他不敢回答。
Don’tyou dare(to) touchit？难道你不敢碰它吗？
He needsto finishtheworkthisevening.
他需要今天晚上完成工作。
(2)主语＋needdoing/tobedone
Thedoor needspainting/tobepainted.
那扇门需要刷漆了。
二、“情态动词＋havedone”结构有两层意思：
(1)表示对过去情况的猜测或估计，有以下几种形式：musthavedone(准是……；一定……)；can/could have done(可能已经……)；may/mighthavedone(可能/也许已经……)。
—ThewomanbiologiststayedinAfricastudyingwildanimalsfor13yearsbeforeshereturned. —Oh，dear！She musthavegonethrough alotofdifficulties!
——这位女生物学家在非洲研究野生动物13年后才回来。
——哦，天哪！她一定经历了许多困难！
(2)表示对过去情况的虚拟，常见的有下列形式：should/oughttohavedone(本该做)；couldhavedone(本来能够做)；mighthavedone(本可以做)；needn’thavedone(本没必要做)。
—I’lltellMaryabouthernewjobtomorrow.
—You shouldhavetold herlastweek.
——明天我要告诉玛丽关于她的新工作的情况。
——你本该上周告诉她的。