南开大学 南开 2005年基础日语 考研真题及答案解析

合集下载

2005年真题及参考答案

2005年真题及参考答案

2005年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试Paper OnePartⅠ Dialogue Communication (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A Dialogue Completion1.A: Why don‟t you have dinner with me tonight?B:A.Because I have an appointment.B.Sorry about that, but I have to go to a party.C.The reason is that I have to work overtime tonight.D.I‟d love to, but I have to finish my paper.2.A: I‟m afraid I have spilled some coffee on the tablecloth.B:A. Oh, don‟t worry about that.B. You needn‟t apologize.C. I feel sorry for that.D. Oh, you shouldn‟t have done that.3. A: You seem to have a lot of work to do in your office. You‟ve always been working overtime. B:A. You are right, but don‟t you know the meaning of work?B. Sorry, I don‟t think so. I get overpaid for overwork, you know.C. That‟s right. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.D. That‟s right, but the work is interesting. I don‟t mind some extra hours at all.4. A: George, I would like to introduce a friend of mine, if I may: Albert Snow. Albert, this is George Smith. B:A. How have you been?B. Pleased to meet you, George.C. Mind if call you George?D. The pleasure‟s mine.5. A: Excuse me. I don‟t want to interrupt you…B:A. No, no. It‟s quite all right.B. Well, never mind.C. It won‟t bother me.D. Of course not.Section B Dialogue Comprehension6. Man: I saw John yesterday. You know what? He was driving a luxurious car.Woman: He rented it. He often makes believe that he is a millionaire.Question: What does the woman mean?A. Everyone believes that John is a millionaire.B. John dreams of becoming a millionaire.C. John dreams of having a luxurious car.D. John pretends to be a millionaire.7. Woman: I can hardly go on. The work is so tough.Man: Don‟t lose heart. I‟ll back you up all the time.Question: What does the man mean?A. He will help the woman with her work.B. He will support the woman.C. He will do the work for the woman.D. He will encourage the woman.8. Man: I didn‟t know you got a promotion. Why didn‟t you tell me earlier so that we could have celebrated it? Woman: I guess it slipped my mind. My mind was lost to other things because of work.Question: What does the woman mean?A. She felt lost with her work.B. She had a poor memory.C. She forgot to tell him.D. She had to go to work.9. Man: The new Chevy Chase film was terrific!Woman: Oh, come off it, Al. Chevy Chase is a great comedian, but he sure didn‟t show it in that movie. Question: What does the woman think of the movie?A. It‟s great comedy.B. It‟s typical Chevy Chase film.10. Woman: You haven‟t said a word about my dress, Dave. Don‟t you like it?Man: I‟m sorry I didn‟t say anything about it sooner. I don‟t think I‟ve seen anything like is before.Question: What does the man probably think of the dress?A. It is in fashion.B. It surely is unique.C. It is a bit old-fashioned.D. It surely suits her.Part Ⅱ Vocabulary (10 minutes, 10 points)Section A11.Should English classes be compulsory at the elementary or primary school level in countrieswhere it is not the native language?A. requiredB. necessaryC. selectedD. permanent讲义3.Next semester, Susan must take three compulsory courses.A. formalB. voluntaryC. practicalD. required12.In the end, both attacks and defenses of the free market and conventional economics haveimmense philosophical implications.A. traditionalB. novelC. capital-centeredD. consumption-centered 讲义9. Tiny atomic electric batteries have certain advantages over the ______ storage batteries.A. universalB. inclusiveC. indefinite22. The girl of ten has such exceptional abilities that everyone is jealous of her.A. regularB. specificC. extraordinary13.Applicant will be asked to provide information on how they will disseminate information toother students at their university or college.A. discloseB. deliverC. spreadD. analyze14.In general, the British people belong to one of the more affluent countries of Europe and enjoy ahigh standard of living compared to the rest of the world.A. plentifulB. powerfulC. friendlyD. wealthy15.To absorb a younger work force, many companies offered retirement plans as incentives forolder workers to retire and make way for the younger ones who earned lower salaries.A. rewardsB. opportunitiesC. motivesD. stimuli讲义2. The fun of playing the game was a greater incentive than the prize.A. motiveB. initiativeC. excitementD. entertainment16.Their business flourished at its new location a year later owing to their joint efforts and hardwork.A. prevailedB. failedC. boomedD. shrank讲义:11. The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once ______.A. thrivedB. swelledC. prospered17.The pressure on her from her family caused her to resort to the drastic measures.A. turn toB. keep toC. stick toD. lead to18.I shall never forget the look of intense anguish on the face of his parents when they heard thenews.A. stressB. dilemmaC. miseryD. surprise19.If minor disputes are left unsettled, tough ones will pile up sooner or later.A. accumulateB. vanishC. lingerD. emerge20.The police tried in vain to break up the protest crowds in front of the government building.A. unskillfullyB. violentlyC. ineffectivelyD. eventuallyyour department.A. satisfactionB. gratitude D. sincerity讲义:1. I' d like to take this opportunity to extend my heart-felt gratitude to the host.A. increaseB. prolongC. intensifyD. express22.The objective of this popular consultation is to determine, , the final political status of theregion, whether to remain part of the country as a special district, or to part from it.A. once upon a timeB. once and againC. all at onceD. once and for all从前一而再,屡次断然地, 坚决地23.The two countries will assign counter-drug officials to their respective embassies ona basis.A. fundamentalB. similarC. reciprocal 互惠的D. reasonable24.Tennessee‟s population is nearly two-fifths rural, and no single city or group ofcities the state.A. dominatesB. managesC. manipulatesD. controls25.We all know that in a situation like this a cool head is .A. called forB. called offC. called onD. called up讲义:9. A well-written composition ______ good choice of words and clear organization among other things.A. calls onB. calls forC. calls upD. calls off26.The destruction an earthquake causes depends on its and duration, or the amount ofshaking that occurs.A. altitudeB. magnitudeC. multitudeD. aptitude讲义:35. In my opinion, you can widen the ______ of these improvements through your active participation.A. dimensionB. volume D. scope27.The El Nino has affected the regional weather and temperature over much of the tropics,sub-tropics and some mid-latitude areas.A. externallyB. consistentlyC. insistentlyD. internally28.During all these years of absence he had a tender feeling for his mother and the family.A. enclosedB. huggedC. enrichedD. cherished29.The choice for a consumer, therefore, is the choice among the available ones that willenable him or her to maximize utility.A. optimalB. optionalC. opticalD. optimistic30.Mrs. Smith tears when she heard her daughter had died in the road accident.A. broke inB. broke upC. broke throughD. broke intoPart Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points)Passage OneIt was Friday, the day of the field trip on which Miss Joan would take her class to pick apples.Miss Joan enjoyed picking apples with her students. She smiled as she led her students to the bus that would take them to the Greenly Apple Orchard(果园).The bus ride was bumpy and the kids were a little noisy, but still Miss Joan was smiling.The bus stopped in front of the Greenly Orchard Store and the class got off quickly and quietly. Miss Joan made sure everyone was there. “What a glorious,sunny, apple picking day,” Miss Joan announced with her grandest smile.Mr. Greenly was there to greet them. “Let see, there are eighteen children and two adults atMiss Joan held u p the brochure in her hand. “It says that the price is two dollars each,”she pointed ort. “That‟s what I collected from everyone.”“We‟ve had to raise the price,” Mr. Greenly stated.“You sent me this brochure after we made our reservation,” Miss Joan complained, “and it says two dollars!”“Miss Joan, if you look at the bottom of this brochure,” Mr. Greenly said, “you‟ll notice a very important statement.”Sure enough, in very tiny letters, it said, “Prices are subject to change without notice.”Miss Joan was determined to keep her good mood. She took a twenty dollars bill out of her own purse and handed it to Mr. Greenly with the forty dollars she had in an envelope.“Now children, do you all have your baskets?” Miss Joan called out. “Remember, you can pic k as many apples six apples each.”“I beg your pardon!”Miss Joan was not smiling now. “The brochure says,…ALL YOU CAN PICK‟!”Mr. Greenly pointed to the tiniest letters Miss Joan had ever almost seen. It also says, “Terms and conditions of group reservat ions are subject to change without notice.”Miss Joan‟s good mood was now history. She didn‟t want to set a bad example for her students, so she said in a calm and quiet voice, “We‟re going home, give me our money back, please.”31.How many dollars did Miss Joan hand to Mr. Greenly?A. 20.B. 40.C. 60.D. 1832.The phrase “subject to change without notice” suggests .A.Mr. Greenly could change the terms at will.B.the customers should read the brochure carefullyC.Mr. Greenly could determine what apples to be picked.D.the customers should be informed beforehand.33.The students could not pick as many apples as they would like because .A.they were children.B. there were not enough apples.C. they had made a group reservation.D. they would eat up too many apples.34.“Miss Joan‟s good mood was now history?”(the last paragraph) means .A.Miss Joan had been happy until that moment.B.Miss Joan was no longer interested in history.C.Miss Joan taught her students the history of the orchard.D.Miss Joan was good at concealing her feelings35.What can we learn about Miss Joan from the story?A. She did not read the brochure carefully.B. She made a reservation after seeing the brochure.C. She lost her temper in the end.D. She didn‟t know h ow to complain.Passage TwoBoth civilization and culture are fairly modern words, having come into prominent use during the 19th century by anthropologists(人类学家), historians, and literary figures. There has been a strong tendency to use them interchangeably as though they mean the same thing, but they are not the same.Although modern in their usage, the two words derived from ancient Latin. The word civilization is based on the Latin civis, of a city. Thus civilization, in its most essential meaning, isit would seem that certain insects, such as ants or bees, are also civilized. They live and work together in social groups. So do some microorganisms. But there is more to civilization, and that is what culture brings to it. So, civilization is inseparable from culture.The word culture is derived from the Latin verb colere, till the soil. But colere also has a wider range of meanings. It may, like civis, mean inhabiting a town or village. But most of its definitions suggest a process of starting and promoting growth and development. One may cultivate a garden; one may also cultivate one‟s interests, mind, and abilities. In its modern use the word culture refers to all the positive aspects and achievements of humanity that make mankind different from the rest of the animal world. Culture has grown out of creativity, a characteristic that seems to be unique to human beings.One of the basic and best-know features of civilization and culture is the presence of tools. But more important than their simple existence is that the tools are always being improved and enlarged upon, a result of creativity. It took thousands of years to get from the first wheel to the latest, most advanced model of automobile.It is the concept of humans as toolmakers and improvers that differentiates them from other animals. A monkey may use a stick to knock a banana from a tree, but that stick will never, through a monkey‟s clevernes s, be modified into a hook or a ladder. Monkeys have never devised a spoken language, written a book, composed a melody, built a house, or painted a portrait. To say that birds build nests and beavers(海狸)their dens is to miss the point. People once lived in caves, but their cleverness, imagination, and creativity led them to progress beyond caves to buildings.36. What does the author think of the words “civilization”and “culture”?A. They are identical.B. They are different concepts.C. They can often be used interchangeably.D. They are defined differently by different people.37. According to the author the word “civilization” originally refers to .A. people‟s way of life in citiesB. people‟s ability to live together in citiesC. a type of social organizationsD. an advanced level of social life38. The Latin verb colere originally means “”.A. live in a cityB. develop oneselfC. promote growthD. cultivate the land39. The author believes that creativity .A. is a unique feature of civilized beingsB. brings forth the improvement of toolsC. is the result of human developmentD. helps the advance of culture40. The author mentions monkeys in the last paragraph to show that .A. monkeys are the same as birdsB. people once lived in caves like monkeysC. monkeys can never develop into human beingsD. man is different from other animals such as monkeysPassage ThreeThe huge growth of global “ecotourism”industry is becoming an increasing concern for conservationists with mounting evidence that many wild species do not respond well to contact with human beings. Overexposure to tourists has been linked to stress, abnormal behaviour and adverse health effects in species such as polar bears, dolphins and gorillas(大猩猩),says a report in New Scientist.While regulated ecotourism can help conservation efforts by encouraging people to manage endangered species and their habitats, many projects are poorly designed and unregulated, it says.environmentally friendly policies and operations.”While regulated ecotourism can help conservation efforts by encouraging people to manage endangered species and their habitats, “many projects are p oorly designed and hint they are based on environmentally friendly policies and operations.”Ecotourism is growing by 10 to 30 percent a year and an estimated 20 percent of tourists are thought to visit a conservation-based project. Philip Seddon, of the University of Otago in New Zealand, said that although most tourist projects conformed to basic guidelines on land use and not scaring wildlife, their full impact was rarely considered.“Transmission of disease to wildlife, or subtle changes to wildlife health through disturbance of daily routines or increased stress levels may translate to lowered survival and breeding,” he said. Research at the University of Auckland has shown that dolphins become restless and overactive when many tourist boats are present. When three or more boats are near, the dolphins rest for 0.5 percent of the time, compared with 68 percent when they are accompanied by a single boat. The findings are backed up by studies of dolphins in Britain. Researchers at the University of Manitoba in Canada have found that male polar bears easily disturbed by tourist vehicles, with a possible effect on their heart rate and metabolism(新陈代谢). That could reduce body fat levels and fitness, critical for survival.In Africa, gorillas have picked up parasites introduced to their habitat by tourists and mongooses(蠓)have caught lung diseases from human beings. Experts said that the answer to the problems was better regulation and supervision of ecotourism. The Galapagos Islands, where visitor numbers are strictly controlled, is a good model.41. Ecotourism is meant to .A. have tourists help in the conservation of wildlifeB. have wild species respond well to contact with humansC. make wild species reduce stress and abnormal behaviourD. make conservationists more concerned with wildlife42. According to New Scientist, many ecotourist projects .A. really encourage people to protect wildlife and its habitatB. strictly follow environmentally friendly policiesC. actually lack proper examination and official approvalD. seriously damage the habitats of endangered species43. What will happen to wildlife ul timately if the present “ecotourism” practice goes on?A. It will disturb their life.B. It will affect their health.C. It will increase their stress.D. It will threaten their survival.44. According to the passage, the growth in the global “ecotourism” industry .A. reflects an increasing concern for conservationB. arouses a growing concern for conservationC. coincides with a mounting concern for conservationD. originates from a grater concern for conservation45. According to the passage, a solution to the “ecotourism” problem is to .A. encourage people to manage endangered speciesB. reduce the exposure of wildlife to human beingsC. help wild animals increase their fitnessD. prevent wildlife from catching human diseasesComputers can beat chess champion Gary Kasparov at his game, count all the atoms in a nuclear explosion, and calculate complex figures in a fraction of a second, but they still fail at the slight differences in language translation. Artificial Intelligence computers have large amounts of memory, capable of storing huge translating dictionaries and extensive lists of grammar rules. Yet, today‟s best computer language translators have just a 60 percent accuracy rate. Scientist s are still unable to program the computer with human-like common sense reasoning power.Computer language translation is called Machine Translation, or MT. While not perfect, MT is surprisingly good. MT was designed to process dry, technical language that people find tedious to translate. Computers can translate basic phrases, such as “You foot bone‟s connected to your ankle bone, your ankle bone‟s connected to your leg bone.” They can translate more difficult phrases, such as “Which witch is which?” Computers can also accurately translate “Wild thing, you make my heart sing!” into other languages because they can understand individual words, as long as the words are pre-programmed in their dictionary.But highly sensitive types of translating, such as important diplomatic conversations, are beyond the scope of computer translating programs. Human translators use intuitional meaning, not logic, to process words and phrases into other languages. A human can properly translate the phrase, “The pen is in the pe n(围养禽畜的圈),” because most humans know that it means that a writing instrument is in a small enclosed space. Many times, computers do not have the ability to determine in which way two identical words in one sentence are to be used.In addition to using massive rule-programmed machines, computer programmers are also trying to teach computers to learn how to think for themselves through the “experience” of translating. Even with these efforts, programmers admit that a “thinking” computer might not ever be invented in the future.46. Computers today are capable of .A. defeating the best chess player in the worldB. telling subtle differences between languagesC. translating over 60 percent of difficult textsD. doing human-like common sense reasoning47. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A. Computers can translate dry and difficult phrases.B. Computers can understand sensitive language.C. Computers can translate technical language.D. Computers can understand pre-programmed words.48. The major problem with computer translating programs is that computers .A. can not translate illogical sentencesB. do not have a large enough capacity of memoryC. can not understand grammatical rulesD. do not have intuition to process language49. To improve machine translation, computer programmers are trying to .A. use powerful rule-programmed computersB. teach computers to think by practiceC. have computers compile translating dictionariesD. add explanations of words in computer programs50. The passage suggests that .A. the accuracy rate of machine translation cannot be raisedB. it is impossible for computers to think as humans doC. only technical language is suitable for machine translationD. it is impossible to determine of identical wordsSeveral years ago during the dot-com passion, Manhattan lawyer John Kennedy sometimes wore a dark blue suit to meet potential Internet clients. But he soon realized that his conservative clothes were a strike against him before he even shook hands. So he began to do business in casual, open-shirt clothes.But now the tables have turned. Today Silicon Valley executives are the ones often coming out in suits. No wonder that Fortune 500 executives are dusting off their silk ties and pants.” I would say there is a trend now toward a little more business dress,” said Kennedy. “I find myself wearing suits more.”While there isn‟t a rush toward formal office wear, clothiers and executives say the workplace uniform is heading that way. In many offices, men are wearing jackets, ties and pants more frequently than a year age. Top women executives never went as casual as men, so the shift doesn‟t affect them as dramatically.“Business casual” took several years to catch on. It started with casual Fridays, evolved to casual summers, then became casual everyday. A return to the button-down look also will take time, observers say. Lehman Brothers is one of the few major firms that has officially returned to a formal dress policy, at least for offices that clients visit. Men were told to wear suits and ties and women to wear suits or dresses. The shift is due to a rethinking of work environments and more contacts with clients as the firm has grown.Observers mention many factors driving the trend. Internet companies helped lead the dress-down movement and other industries followed suit to attract workers. But with the collapse of many dot-coms, the relaxed look is becoming a style to avoid. Moreover, as the economy stumbles, more people are hunting for jobs or trying to keep the ones they have, and appearance counts.US President Bush wears a coat and tie in the White House office and expects his staff to dress “professionally,” which some say sets a tome for the nation.Chuck Wardell, managing director of a recruiting firm, believes a lot of employees like a stiffer uniform. “They‟re going to work. They don‟t want to feel like they‟re going to a picnic.”51.”Business casual” was prevalent several years ago because _____.A. the Manhattan law business grew very quicklyB. shaking hands with clients became popularC. the country was fighting the conservativesD. the Internet companies boomed then52. When the “bu siness ca sual” prevailed, _____.A. businessmen wore ties only in workplaceB. businessmen didn‟t wear ties at allC. businesswomen didn‟t wear formally in workplaceD. businesswomen still wore formally everywhere53. The Fortune 500 executives__________.A. set the trend toward more casual wearB. are particular about what they wearC. begin to wear suits more often than beforeD. are usually indifferent to fashion trend54. At the beginning of the “business casual” trend, business people wore casually___________.A. when meeting clientsB. on weekendsC. in summerD. almost every day55. It is implied in the passage that the change of business dress from the casual to the formalreflects_____.A. the changed of people‟s taste in fashionB. the ups and downs of the fashion industryC. the ups and downs of the Internet companiesD. people‟s different preference in business dressPart IV CloseThe United States has historically had higher rates of marriage than those of other industrialized countries. The current annual marriage 56 in the United States ---about 9 new marriages for every 1,000 people ---is 57 higher than it is in other industrialized countries. However, marriage is 58 as widespread as it was several decades ago. 59 of American adults who are married 60 _ form 72 percent in 1970 to 60 percent in 2002.This does not mean that large numbers of people will remain unmarried 61 their lives. Throughout the 20th century, about 90 percent of Americans married at some 62 in their lives. Experts_ 63 that about the same proportion of today‟s young adults will eventually marry.The timing of marriage has varied 64 over the past century. In 1995 the average age of women in the United States at the time of their first marriage was 25.The average age of men was about 27.Men and women in the United States marry for the first time at an average of five years later than people did in the 1950s. 65 ,young adults of the 1950s married younger than did any previous 66 in U.S. history. Today‟s later age of marriage is 67 the age of marriage between 1890 and 1940. Moreover, a greater proportion of the population was married (95 percent)during the 1950s than at any time before 68 .Experts do not agree on why the “marriage rush” of the late 1940s and 1950s occurred, but most social scientists believe it represented a 69 to the return of peaceful life and prosperity after 15 years of severe economic 70 and war.56. A. rate B. ratio C. percentage D. poll57. A. potentially B. intentionally C. randomly D. substantially相当大的58. A. not any longer B. no more C. no longer D. not any more59. A. A proportion B. The proportion C. The number D. A number60. A. declined B. deteriorated C. deduced D. demolished61. A. past B. passing C. throughout D. through62. A. period B. level C. point D. respect63. A. project B. plan C. promise D. propose64. A . unexpectedly B. irregularly C. flexibly D. consistently65. A. Besides B. However C. Whereas D. Nevertheless66. A. descendants B. ascendants C. population D. generation67. A. according to B. in line with C. based on D. caused by68. A. and after B. or after C. or since D. ever since69. A. refusal B. realization C. response D. reality70. A. repression B. aggression C. restriction D. depressionPart V Error Detection71. It is an accepted custom for guests to take their gifts to the wedding reception when the coupleinvited them to attend.72. Some international students use a cassette recorder to make tapes of their classes so that theycan repeat the lectures again.73. Despite of diligent efforts to promote domestic production during the war years, the ContinentalArmy had to rely primarily on captures and imports for much of its military hardware and even for clothing.74. In a sense, farmers began primitive genetic engineering at the dawn of agriculture, which theykept seeds from their best plants, gradually improving the quality of successive generations.。

南开大学 硕士研究生统一考试《二外日语》考试大纲 考试内容 复习参考书 考研辅导

南开大学 硕士研究生统一考试《二外日语》考试大纲 考试内容 复习参考书 考研辅导

南开大学硕士研究生统一考试《二外日语》考试大纲一、考试目的本科目考试为英语语言文学专业和外国语言学及应用语言学专业硕士研究生入学考试的二外考试科目,旨在考查考生的第二外语日语水平。

二、考试范围本科目考试内容主要涵盖在新JLPT(国际日本语能力测试TheJapanese-Language Proficiency Test)所规定的N3级别要求之内。

N3级别的认定标准为:在一定程度上能够理解日常情况下所使用的日语。

三、考试基本要求1.学习了基本的文法和部分较高级的文法,掌握词汇5000以内。

2.具备围绕一般事物进行读写、理解的日语能力。

3.用黑色或蓝色钢笔作答,字迹清晰,卷面整洁。

四、考试形式本科目采用闭卷书面考试的形式。

试题语言为日语。

2014年有多名学员以优异成绩考上南开大学的行政管理,环境工程,传播学,金融学,翻译硕士等各个专业,可以说这些专业是我们育明教育的王牌专业,希望广大学子能够来育明实地查看,加入我们的辅导课程,你会发现在这里复习考研将会是你事半功倍,复习效果更上一层楼!针对以上信息,有任何疑问或希望来育明教育进行实地了解的考生们,可以联系我们南开大学的首席咨询师林老师,扣扣为2831464870,祝各位考研成功!【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站:1【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌育明教育官方网站:22015年育明教育考研攻略一、《育明教育:五阶段考研复习攻略》把考研作为一种娱乐,而不是被娱乐。

过程完美了,一切水到渠成,结果自然不错。

-----------------育明教育寄语第一阶段:预热(3月1日至7月1日)预热原因:育明教育老师认为考研复习比较理想的时间长度是6-9个月,因此从3月开始比较科学。

如果复习的时间太长,容易导致后劲不足。

正所谓“强弩之末势不能穿鲁缟”。

这是无数学子的血泪教训。

重点任务:1.收集考研信息,包括所报考专业的未来发展趋势、就业难易程度、所报考专业的难易程度、所报考学校的录取率、资料。

南开大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试经济学基础试题及答案详解

南开大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试经济学基础试题及答案详解

南开大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试经济学基础试题及答案详解考试科目:经济学基础专业:世界经济一、简答题(每题10分,共50分)1.简述外部性(外部经济影响)对效率的影响及矫正外部性的政策。

2.简述库兹涅兹的倒“U ”字假说。

3.简要说明边际效用分析法和无差异曲线分析法的异同之处。

4.与私人物品相比,公共物品有哪些特点?为什么公共物品由市场提供时会产生市场失灵的情况?5.简述货币需求的利率弹性对总需求曲线斜率的影响。

二、论述题(每题20分,共40分)l .什么是财政政策的“挤出效应”?如果发生了“完全挤出”,一个较大的预算赤字将会给予经济多大刺激?什么因素会使挤出更有可能发生。

2.为什么完全垄断厂商在短期均衡状态下可能盈利与可能亏损,而在长期均衡状态下却通常有经济利润?三、计算题(每题15分,共30分)l .已知某人月收入为180元,用于购买两种商品X 、Y ,他的效用函数为(,)U x y xy =,且2x P =元,3y P =元,求:(1)效用极大时,他购买X 、Y 的数量各为多少?(2)若x P 下降25%,则购买的X 、Y 的数量为多少?此时总效用变化多少?2.完全竞争行业中某厂商的成本函数为STC=Q 3-6Q 2+30Q+40,成本以美元计算,假定产品价格为66美元,试求:(1)利润极大化时的产量及利润总额;(2)由于竞争市场供求发生变化,商品价格变为30美元,在新的价格条件下,厂商是否会发生亏损?如果会,最小的亏损额是多少?四、分析题(共30分)在资本完全流动条件下,试分析下列两种情形下,固定汇率与浮动汇率对国内经济的稳定作用:(1)国内货币供给突然自发增加;(2)国外利率下降。

参考答案南开大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试试题考试科目:经济学基础专业:世界经济一、简答题(每题10分,共50分)1.简述外部性(外部经济影响)对效率的影响及矫正外部性的政策。

答:(1)外部性也称为外溢性、相邻效应等,是指一个经济活动的主体对他所处的经济环境的影响。

南大日语MTI

南大日语MTI

经验谈||南大日语MTI南大·日语MTI本人基本情况:考研成绩初试368(政治74,日语笔译基础83,翻译110,百科101),排名7。

复试245,排名并列4。

本科是一本双非大学,日语专四专八良好,n1成绩139(大三上),三级笔译,有翻译兼职日本短期交换经历。

政治:74从八月底开始复习,每天上午2小时给政治。

用的参考书是肖秀荣的知识点详解,配合1000题随堂练习。

大概11月中旬结束一遍,然后就做了肖秀荣那系列往年的真题选择题。

在真题和肖八做完之后我又二刷了1000题,同时配合真题表格详解。

主观题肖四肖八必不可少!特别是肖四大题一定要死命背熟了。

我是从十二月肖八出来之后开始练练主观题手感➕简单记忆,肖四出来以后疯狂背。

因为是算总分,所以不要疏略了政治,政治好还是蛮有优势的!日语笔译基础:8318年题型,1新闻类的文章有选词,单词注音(假名汉字),填词,主观问题回答。

2一篇关于日本人性格的文章,主观题简要作答200字左右。

3.两篇短的日译汉一篇长的日译汉(长文为12年真题,太宰治的文章)。

4.作文(二选一,1,想对20年后的自己说什么2,可持续发展的建议?因为近两年来没有客观题,所以阅读理解显得重要。

花了一个月的时间认真过了一遍红宝书蓝宝书的n1单词语法,然后就是二笔综合的文章每天一篇,配合专八的参考书顺便考专八,每次做完阅读理解懵懵的就出去读几遍,练练口语语感顺便把不懂的划出来回去研究研究(在后面的复试中这个帮助很大),还有就是每天看看nhk,人民日报日文版,人民中国,cri日语频道等公众号,看看开拓下思维。

这门课有点散,考的是日语基础的综合能力,所以就尽量多看。

作文的话,我平时偶尔会写来练练,看新闻电影的感想什么的,后来有背几篇专八的范文。

翻译:1105大句日译中,5大句中译日,一篇长文日译汉(和服的由来啊跟日本文化的关系啥啥啥的,很长!大概一整面A4纸),一篇长文汉译日算是哲理性文章讲读书,没看懂就看着中文直接译。

2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试统一考试日语试题

2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试统一考试日语试题

2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试统一考试日语试题Ⅰ.基礎知識(20点)次の文章を読んで、1~20の問いに答えなさい。

答えは選択肢ABCDからもっとも適切なものを一つ選びなさい。

だれにも会いたくない。

少しも口を利きたくない。

(1)ただ一人でじっとしていたい。

そういう気持ちのときがしばしばある。

これは意気阻喪のときではなく、情意沈潜のときである。

わたしは純白か漆黒かの尾の長い猫【ア】なら、見当たり【イ】次第何匹でも飼いたいと思っている。

(2)、室内にとじこめられたペット用の外国産のものではなく、自由に戸外を駆け回る野性的な日本産種のほうがいい。

尾の短いのは人工的でいけなく、尾の長い自然的なのが【ウ】最高だ。

(3)、何故に猫か。

猫は飼養動物のうちでもっとも人間に近い生活をしている。

屋内に人間と同居し、同じ寝具に眠る。

用があり、(4)喉を鳴らしてすり寄って来るが、そうでなければ、呼んでも返事をせず、【エ】すまして他所(5)向いている。

猫は人の顔色を読むと【オ】いわれているが、往々、もっともよく人間の顔色を無視する。

そして庭の隅や、縁側の片端や、机上などに、ただじっと蹲って一人で夢想している。

そうした夢想の中に、肉食獣としての本来の野生がある。

【カ】猫のうちには驯服され(6)何物かが残っているとわたしには思える。

それを、わたしは自分のこととして感ずる。

人に会いたくなく、口を利きたくなく、一人でじっとしているとき、その沈潜しているわたしの情意は、道徳的な習慣な、換言すれば世間的な一般的なものであって、その底には、胸の(7)に潜む野性的なものが存在する。

それは猫の驯服と同様に、人間の道徳や習慣では完全に覆うことのできない何物かが存在するのである。

そしてその野性的な何物かの中にもっとも多くの芸術の萌芽がある。

芸術が一種の創造であるという要素は、この驯服されない野性的な深い何物かの上に建設される(8)にある。

この建設のない場合、芸術は創造的要素を失い、生命力が【キ】希薄になる。

(最新整理)日语综合教程第五册课后练习翻译题答案和部分本文翻译

(最新整理)日语综合教程第五册课后练习翻译题答案和部分本文翻译

第一课如果无故旷工长达一个月的话一ヶ月ぐらい無断欠勤とすると、現在の社会の状況からみて、おそらく復職したいことが難しいだろう。

虽说中了彩票,但只不过宝くじが当たったといっても、六等の 3000 円でしかないので、飛び上がって喜ぶほどのことはない。

在日逗留期间,我无论如何私は日本滞在中、何としても日本一美しいと言われる富士山を見てみたい。

轮船犹如一叶扁舟あらしの中で汽船はさながら小船のように舞い狂い、今にも転覆しそうで、心配でならない.我光是抚养妻子儿女妻子を扶養してもう精一杯だけでも、そんな奢侈なものを買って経済能力がない。

我从小由外婆一手带大子供からお祖母さんに手に掛けてくれたので、両親としっくり行ってなかった、このこと通して、両親の不易がありがたい。

尽管我们父子俩相处了30年も私たち親子が一緒に暮らして30年けれども、父と一度たりとも心行くまで話し合ったことがない。

爷爷受不了空前的炎热朝早々、爺さんが空前の暑さが応えないで、気が遠くなってしまった。

みんながあわてて病院に運んだ。

妹妹结婚后一直没有孩子妹は結婚してずっと子供に恵まれなかったが、やっと去年妊娠した。

高齢出産の妹が無事に出産することを願ってやまない。

.那地方很安静あの辺が静かで、空気もいいし、買い物や交通も便利なので、老人には住み心地のいいところだと思う。

第二課考上高中以后僕は高校に入ってから、音楽活動に努めるかたわら、陸上部に入ってスポーツにも力を入れ、日々充実した生活を送っている。

他把她的来信彼女からの手紙を燃やしつくすと、彼は静かにこの町を後に立ち去って行った。

精心策划了二ケ月もかかって、練りに練った陰謀も自分の妻の告白であっけなく失敗に終わった。

那个村庄有一对ある村に老夫婦がいて、一人娘をはなはだ可愛がっていたが、その娘は十五六歳で病で死んでしまった。

以来ずっと老夫婦は朝から晩まで悲しみに暮れ、もう目も当てられぬ有様だった。

05日语真题

05日语真题

2005年全国硕士研究生入学考试第二外国语(日语)试题(問題用紙)一.次の文の___のある漢字はどう読むか、A~Dのうちから正しいものを一つだけ選びなさい。

(0.5×10=5)1.若者が田を耕していると、一羽の鶴が舞い降りてきた。

AたがやかBだがやかCたがやDだがや2.これはあまりにも常識を超えた、とっぴな考えであった。

AじゅうしきBじょしきCじゅしきDじょうしき3.都市には人口が極端に集中していると考えられている。

AきょくだんBきょくたんCきゃくたんDきゃくだん4.仕事と家事の両立は簡単なことではない。

AりゅうりつBりょうりつCりゅうりちDりょうりち5.二人は順調に頂上へ近づいていた。

AじゅんちょうBじゅんちょCじょんちょうDじょんちょ6.ここへ来る途中で、李さんに会いました。

AとなかBどうじゅうCとちゅうDとううち7.今日はね、海老で鯛を三匹も釣ったよ。

AえびBかいろうCうみろDうみおい8.言ったことは必ず実行するぞ。

AしっこうBじっぎょうCじつぎょうDじっこう9.人はそれぞれ独特のものを持っていると思います。

AとくとくBどくとくCどくどくDとくどく10.現代では、東京から京都や大阪へ日帰りで出張することは、日常茶飯事になっている。

AさはんじBちゃめしことCちゃはんごとDざはんじ二.次の文に__に入れる外来語はそれぞれ選択肢A~Dの中から最も適切なものを一つ選びなさい。

(0.5×10=5)11.コンサートの___は、会場の入り口でもらってください。

AメニューBプランCプログラムDリズム12.高田さんは___をしながら、大学に通っています。

AオートバイBデパートCゕルバイトDカレンダー13.自動車や機械などを操作するために__を回す。

AパイプBボタンCピンDハンドル14.今年、文学賞をもらった作家に新聞記者が__をして記事を書いた。

AインタビューBステージCレクリエーションDコンクール15.有名なレストランに出かけたが、店は休みで__が閉まっていた。

2005年硕士研究生入学考试及答案

2005年硕士研究生入学考试及答案

目录1.05年北师大物理类各方向2.05年长光所3.05年东南大学4.05年中科大5.05年南京大学6.05年华中科大7.05年吉林大学(原子所)8.05年四川大学(原子与分子)9.05年北京理工10.05年河北理工11.05年长春理工北京师范大学2005年招收硕士研究生入学考试试题专业:物理类各专业科目代号:459研究方向:各方向考试科目:量子力学[注意]答案写在答题纸上,写在试题上无效。

1.(20分)一个电子被限制在一维谐振子势场中,活动范围求激发电子到第一激发态所需要的能量(用ev表示)(,,)提示:谐振子能量本征函数可以写成2.(30分)一个电子被限制在二维各向同性谐振子势场中(特征频率为)。

(1)写出其哈密顿量,利用一维谐振子能级公式找到此电子的能级公式和简并度。

(2)请推导电子的径向运动方程。

并讨论其在时的渐近解。

提示:极坐标下3.(50分)两个质量为的粒子,被禁闭在特征频率为的一维谐振子势场中,彼此无相互作用(此题中波函数无须写出具体形式):(1)如果两个粒子无自旋可分辨,写出系统的基态(两个都在自己的基态)和第一激发能级(即一个在基态,另一个在第一激发态)的波函数和能量(注意简并情形)。

(10分)(2)如果两个粒子是不可分辨的无自旋波色子,写出系统的基态和第一激发态的能量和波函数。

如果粒子间互作用势为,计算基态能级到一级微扰项。

(15分)(3分)如果两个粒子是不可分辨的自旋1/2粒子,写出基态能级和波函数(考虑自旋)。

如果粒子间互作用能为,计算基态能量。

(15分)(4)同(3),解除势阱,两个粒子以左一右飞出。

有两个探测器分别(同时)测量它们的y方向自旋角动量。

请问测量结果为两电子自旋反向的几率是多少?(10分)4.(30分)中心力场中电子自旋与轨道角动量存在耦合能。

总角动量,是的共同本征态。

现有一电子处于态,且。

(1)在一基近似下,可用代替,请问电子的能量与态差多少?(2)请计算该电子产生的平均磁矩,并由此计算在z方向均匀磁场B中电子的能量改变多少?(),当,,当,5.(20分)一个定域(空间位置不动)的电子(自旋1/2)处于z方向强磁场中。

日语语言学历年真题中文版

日语语言学历年真题中文版

广外日语语言历年真题1.粘着語靠附着在表示概念意义的词的前面或后面来表示该语言的语法关系,以日语、朝鲜语等为代表。

2.屈折语即靠语言的词性(主要靠词尾?变化来表示该语言的语法关系,以拉丁语为代表的印欧语言大多数都属于屈折语。

3.孤立语即该语言的语法关系既不靠词形变化来表示,也不靠专门表示语法关系的后缀或前缀来表示,而主要是考次序来表示该语言的语法关系,以汉语为典型4.抱合语即该语言把各种语法关系都阻止道一个词里,往往一个词就表示一句话,也就是一句话总以一个词的形式出现,以印第安语为主。

5.汉字属于“表意文字”,一般来讲,是指其字形与发音、含义相结合的文字相结合的文字。

6.ローマ字属于“表音文字”中的“音素文字”,每一个字形与一个音素相对应的文字。

7假名属于“表音文字”中的“音节文字”,是指每一个字形与一个音节相对应的文字。

8.国語学と日本語学二者在本质上都是把日语作为自己的研究对象。

(1)国语学是是指日本日把自己民族的语言按照江户、明治、大正、昭和等时代发展下来的研究成果,特别注重于日语自身的研究。

(2)日本语学是指把日语置身于世界上成百上千的语言中的一种,特别是用研究其他语言的视角,注重导入其他语言的研究成果,以这样的一种态度研究日语。

9.心情形容詞表示主观心情的形容词如恥ずかしい、苦しい、懐かしい等。

一般来讲,现代日语中表示主观心情的形容词只能用来表示说话人的心情。

如果要用于第二人称或第三人称时,只能以疑问的形式、表示过去的形式,或加接尾词“がる”等的形式来表示。

10.イントネーション即“语调”或“语气”,是指与形成社会习惯的声调相对,在句子中临时强调某一部分或某种口气的阴阳顿挫。

根据语调和语气的不同,同一个形式的句子又可以表示不同的意思,或加进许多丰富的感情色彩。

11.現代日本語の形式体言とは何か。

述べなさい。

日语名词(体言)中,还有一些只在语法上起名词性的作用,而不表示具体事物的实际意义,这样的名词称为“形式名词”。

2005 年考研日语(203)真题 全文本翻译

2005 年考研日语(203)真题 全文本翻译
2005 年考研日语(203)真题 全文本翻译

一 基础知识 任何人都不想见,也不想开口说话。然后,只是一个人一动不动的呆着。这种感觉时常 会出现。这并不是意志沮丧,而是感情沉思。 我只要看见了纯白或者纯黑的猫,不论是多少只我都想饲养。而且,最好不要是外国品 种那种放在室内养的, 而是那种具有野性的能自由在户外到处跑的那种。 人工培育的那种短 尾巴的也不行,要是那种天生就是长尾巴最好不过了。 不过,要说为什么(喜欢养猫) 。可以说,猫是宠物中最能贴近人类生活的。在屋内与 人同居,一起饮食,一起睡觉。要是想叫它,如果和人合得来,用嗓子吼几下它就会过来了, 反之,再怎么召唤也没用,它只会若无其事的向着另一边。有人说“猫是最会察言观色的” , (实际上)经常无视人的脸色。在庭院角落,走廊边缘,桌子上,只是一动不动的蹲着幻想 着。 在它的幻想当中, 也许也有肉食动物本来的野性吧。 我认为在它的内心中也许还残留着 什么驯服不了的东西吧。 由此来看,我也能从中感受一些自己的内心。不想去见别人,也不想说话,一个人呆着 不动的时候,我那种消沉的感觉,只是一种伦理上的习惯,换言之,这只是世间万物的一种 一般的特性,在此深处,心中的某处也潜伏着某种野性吧。跟驯服小猫同一个道理,在人类 内心中也有某种不能完全被颠覆的某种东西,很多艺术性(东西)正是在这种野性当中所萌 芽的。 艺术作为一种创造性的要素, 这是建立在这种无法驯服的强烈野性的某种东西上。 当没 有这种建设条件时,就失去了创造艺术的要素,生命力就变得薄弱。 猫的野性,就存在于温顺的外表所看不到的地方之中,这种野性既是猫的内在,也是它 的幻想。 (人们)对于它内在的野性感到惊异和恐吼,创造了很多有关猫的传说。有关猫的 迷信传闻美化的内容居多,比如在报恩或者复仇之类的故事当中,发挥了不可思议的力量, 迅速展开了(故事情节) 。 二 阅读 A 1 在我小的时候,去买东西的话,很多情况下都是没有定好价的。因此,跟店里面的人交往 熟识、买东西的讨价还价的技巧是很重要的。买同样一个东西,如果没有掌握好技巧失败了 的话,就会以高价买下。日常积累的交情,在买东西的时候,会发挥很重要的作用 这一点,从某种意义上讲,是一件不公平的事情。买同一件东西,根据对手不同价格也 不一样。一旦(交流)失败的话,就会蒙受损失。 现在,商品都是定价了。为了公平,谁都可以以同样的价格来购物。但是,有时候也会 感到一点乏味。想掌握最重要的(交涉)要领,但是可以努力的(机会)却没有了。想跟店 里的人搞好关系,平时开始注意的(交流)也没有了。公平换来的是,关系变得日益冷淡。 经历了数次失败后,渐渐地就记住了要领。也就是说,店里的人就是(传授)要领的老 师。 所谓“讲价” ,就是作为买家也在(商品)价格上阐述自己的意愿。不是在标定好的价格 上单单决定买与不买。进行了“讲价”之后,即使那个价格仍然很高,那也属于买家的责任。 也是是说, (按照)自己意愿,自己负责,自己判断价格是否还留有(砍价的)余地。 与之相反的是,在平等、公正的名义下,让自己来判断、负责的机会,不是越来越少了 吗?再加上,学校之类地方都是集体订购东西的,让人感觉(这种机会)离自己越来越来越 远了。

南开大学历年考研真题

南开大学历年考研真题

南开大学2011年硕士研究生入学考试试题回忆版一、简答题(50分)1.解释完全竞争的市场为什么总可以实现帕累托最优状态。

2.判断并解释“在长期中,厂商总可以在代表最优生产规模的最小平均成本处进行生产”的说法。

3.说明私人物品和公共物品的供求决定并进行比较,并说明你所描述的这种状态是否总可以达到。

4.说明“凯恩斯区域”和“古典区域”的经济含义,并说明财政政策和货币政策在这两种情况下的有效性。

5.货币冲击在长期和短期内对一国的实际产出会产生怎样的影响?用宏观经济学各理论流派的观点加以解释。

二、计算题(60分)1.消费者消费X、Y两种商品,效用函数为U(X,Y)=X2Y3,收入100元,(1)求对商品X的需求函数;(2)Py=3,Px从3降为2,求替代效应和收入效应。

2.市场反需求函数P=100-2Q,成本函数C=4q,(1)两厂商进行古诺竞争,求均衡时两厂商的产量和利润;(2)两厂商进行伯特兰竞争,求均衡时的产量和利润(3)厂商1和厂商2,1是领先者,2是追随着,求均衡时的产量;(4)两厂商结成卡特尔组织,平分市场,求均衡时的产量和利润;若厂商二保持合作,厂商一不合作,求均衡时的产量状况。

3.已知C=200+0.75Yp,I=500+?Y-?r,G=250,T=0.2Y,Md=2PY+?r,Ms=(1/0.2)H,H=240,(1)求IS曲线;(2)P=1时求LM曲线;(3)此时政府收支是否平衡?若要平衡政府支出应为多少?(4)求总需求曲线4.总需求状况:gy=gm+π,菲利普斯曲线πt-π(t-1)=-2(u-4%),奥肯定律:具体式子实在想不出了;gy为产出变动率,gm为货币供应增长率,π为通货膨胀率,u为失业率;(1)求自然失业率(2)(3)(4)三、论述题(50分)1、激励理论(1)论述市场怎样产生激励作用;(2)当个人不能获得或付出与其私人活动相符的效益时,激励如何发挥作用;(3)如何解决这种现象;(4)信息不完全怎样产生激励。

考研日语203真题答案

考研日语203真题答案

考研日语203真题答案【篇一:2010年考研203日语真题】课程片段在线试听及下载(按ctrl键并点击)课程片段在线试听及下载(按ctrl键并点击)课程片段在线试听及下载(按ctrl键并点击)【篇二:203日语考研的经验】的考研)首先,说一下203日语是什么东西。

每年全国研究生考试,第一门都考思想政治理论,代码是101。

第二门考外语,全国统考的外语分为201英语、202俄语、203日语。

思想政治理论与外语都是100分的分值。

第三门是专业课一,应该很大一部分的同学们考的都是数学,当然根据专业不同也略有不同。

第四门是专业课二,也就是一般大家所谓的专业课了。

第三门与第四门都是150分分值的科目。

考研最终是500分的总分值。

其次,介绍一下英语与日语的区别吧(俄语没有认识的人考,所以就不乱发言了)。

日语的考试题型和英语有很大的区别,日语分为三道大题:第一题叫基础知识,20分,每题一分。

形式上等于英语的完形填空,但比较容易,一般1到11题的部分是完形填空,12到18是考的词汇和语法的用法,一般就是让你找出和原文用法一致【同じのは】或者不同的【違うのは】选项,19、20考的是给单词注假名。

第二题是阅读理解,分为两部分。

第一部分是四篇文章,每篇文章5个题,每题2分共40分。

第二部分是翻译,日译汉,从一篇文章中选取五句话,每题3分共15分。

第三题是作文,满分25。

今年的题目是:现在养宠物的人越来越多,站在养宠物的立场,和站在不养宠物的人的立场作一篇文章。

应该说在一定程度上考日语要比考英语简单许多。

英语的难度要很高,毕竟大家都是学过英语的人,英语考试的选拔性就更高。

那么日语就很简单吗?我的答案是否定的,日语也不是很容易,所谓的容易是跟英语对比而言的。

每年英语都有很多人过不了国家的分数线(以经济和管理类专业为例,外语国家的最低先是55或者50)那么日语的难度是什么具体情况呢?难易度,本来就是一个抽象的概念,但是要是非要表示203日语的难度的话,总体上应该在n2以上吧!!!因为分值较低的第一大题和第一篇阅读,比n2的难度低,阅读部分的2、3应该比n2要难比n1简单。

2005年考研日语(203)真题全文本翻译

2005年考研日语(203)真题全文本翻译
什么驯服不了的东西吧。
由此来看我也能从中感受一些自己的内心。不想去见别人也不想说话一个人呆着
不动的时候我那种消沉的感觉只是一种伦理上的习惯换言之这只是世间万物的一种
一般的特性在此深处心中的某处也潜伏着某种野性吧。跟驯服小猫同一个道理在人类
内心中也有某种不能完全被颠覆的某种东西很多艺术性东西正是在这种野性当中所萌
和劳力这倒不如说是更让人所期待的事情。不能这样做得部下只会按照吩咐去做的人
不仅只能没有管理工作能力的这样地低评价在社会中也是很糟糕。
还有这样的公司管理员人事变动频繁经常由缺乏专业知识、经验不足的管理者来巡视
这些管理者会让长期从事该业务职场知识丰富的下属感到很蠢的指示。而且糟糕的是在
的可以通过电脑编程模型对它进行模拟。作为其应用比如为了开发出像铁臂阿
童木这样的机器人人工智能的研究正在蓬勃开展。不过认知科学使我们逐渐认识
到人工智能毕竟也是有限度的。着再一次使我们感受到了人的聪明。
记者人类和机器人的“智慧”有着本质上的区别吗
学者是啊。即使把大量的数据作为资料灌输给机器人把人类的行为规范符号传授给它们
芽的。
艺术作为一种创造性的要素这是建立在这种无法驯服的强烈野性的某种东西上。当没
有这种建设条件时就失去了创造艺术的要素生命力就变得薄弱。
猫的野性就存在于温顺的外表所看不到的地方之中这种野性既是猫的内在也是它
的幻想。人们对于它内在的野性感到惊异和恐吼创造了很多有关猫的传说。有关猫的迷
且过去那种不平等不公平的购物模式我感到能够训练人的判断力以及责任感。 在线日语考试专家更多日语资料、教程请访问
2
考研日语基础班—文法词汇班—阅读作文班—冲刺班—复试面试班

2005年N1真题 及 答案

2005年N1真题 及 答案

文字·語彙 (100点45分)問題Ⅰ次の文の下線をつけた言葉は、とのように読みますか。

その読み方を、それぞれの1234から一つ選びなさい。

問1?日本の一般家庭では和洋折衷の献立が多いようだ。

ハンバーグにみそ汁といった組み合わせはその典型だ。

(1).折衷1.せきちゅう2.せきちょう3.せっちゅう4.せっちょう(2).献立1.けんだて2.けんりつ3.こんだて4.こんりつ(3).典型1.ていがた2.ていけい3.てんがた4.てんけい問2?土産に真珠と陶器を勧められた。

(4).真珠1.しんしゅ2.しんじゅ3.しんしゅう4.しんじゅう(5).陶器1.とうき2.どうき3.とき4.どき(6).勧められた1.すすめられた2.とどめられた3.みとあられた4.もとめられた問3?花の苗を鉢に入れ、育て方のメモを添えて友人にあげた。

(7).苗1.くき2.なえ3.ね4.め(8).鉢1.かご2.はち3.ぼん4.わん(9).添えて1.そえて2.くわえて3.そなえて4.ととのえて問4?彼は連日徹夜で練習し、本番に臨んだ。

(10).連日1.れんじつ2.れんにち3.れんか4.れんぴ(11).徹夜1.ていや2.ていよ3.てつや4.てつよ(12).臨んだ1.いどんだ2.からんだ3.のぞんだ4.はげんだ問5?学校の復興に尽くし、生徒たちから慕われていた田中先生が老衰で亡くなったそうだ。

(13).復興1.ふくこう2.ふくきょう3.ふっこう4.ふっきょう(14).慕われて1.したわれて2.になわれて3.うやまわれて4.したがわれて(15).老衰1.おいあい2.おいすい3.ろうあい4.ろうすい問題II 次の文の下線をつけた言葉は、ひらがなでどう書きますか。

同じひらがなで書く言葉を、1234から一つ選びなさい。

(16).道に倒れていた人を介抱した。

1.情報2.開放3.解剖4.窮乏(17).事業に失敗して、大きな負債が残った。

1.不正2.夫妻3.宝石4.紡績(18).新しい本社ビルがいよいよ来週披露される。

Jdhme南开大学2005年有机化学考研历年考题

Jdhme南开大学2005年有机化学考研历年考题

Jdhme南开大学2005年有机化学考研历年考题部门: xxx时间: xxx制作人:xxx整理范文,仅供参考,可下载自行修改秋风清,秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。

有机化学试卷课程代码:02535本试卷分A、B卷,使用第1版教材的考生请做A卷,使用第2版教材的考生请做B卷;若A、B两卷都做的,以B卷记分。

b5E2RGbCAPA卷一、命名或写出结构式(每小题2分,共30分>2.3-甲基-1-丁炔3.1-甲基-4-异丙基环己烷14.丙氨酸二、单项选择题(在每小题的四个备选答案中,选出一个正确答案,并将正确答案的序号填在题干的括号内。

每小题2分,共30分>p1EanqFDPw1.下列物质中,有五种同分异构体的是< )。

A.丁烷B.戊烷C.己烷D.庚烷2.下列烃中,能使高锰酸钾酸性溶液和溴水褪色的是< )。

A.C6H12 B.C6H14C.C6H6 D.C7H83.乙炔在催化剂存在下与水反应属于< )。

A.取代B.聚合C.氧化D.加成4.下列化合物中,卤素原子溴反应活性最大的是< )。

A.邻-溴甲苯B.溴化苄C.2-溴乙苯D.对-溴甲苯5.下列关于苯酚的叙述错误的是< )。

A.苯酚俗称石炭酸B.苯酚易发生取代反应C.苯酚与三氯化铁溶液作用显紫色D.苯酚的酸性比碳酸强6.下列物质氧化产物为丁酮的是< )。

A.叔丁醇B.2-丁醇C.2-甲基丁醇D.1-丁醇7.能与斐林试剂反应的是< )。

A.丙酮B.苯甲醇C.苯甲醛D.2-甲基丙醛8.下列物质中,能发生碘仿反应的是< )。

A.苯甲醇B.异丙醇C.甲醛D.3-戊酮9.下列物质能加氢还原生成羟基酸的是< )。

A.乙酰乙酸B.乳酸C.水杨酸D.柠檬酸10.下列化合物中,能发生酯化反应并具有还原性的是< )。

11.下列化合物中,属于R构型的是< )。

12.关于苯胺性质叙述错误的是< )。

南开大学硕士研究生入学考试试题

南开大学硕士研究生入学考试试题

南开大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试试题一、概念与简答题(每题8分,共80分)1.简述总有机碳(TOC)和总需氧量(TOD)的含义及其区别。

2.河流接纳污水后自净,可分为污染带、恢复带和清洁带3段。

说明耗氧速率等于复氧速率处位于哪一段并解释原因。

3.简述曝气沉砂池曝气作用的主要原理。

4.试述加压溶气气浮微气泡产生的基本原理及溶气罐中填料的作用。

5.对比米-门方程和莫诺特方程的异同点。

6.说明纯氧曝气提高生物处理速度的理论依据。

7.说明分段式厌氧处理法的含义。

8.举出3中去除废水中金属离子的处理工艺。

9.简述生物脱氮的基本理论。

10.阐述污泥加药调理法的作用。

二、试析典型城市污水处理厂中沉砂池、一沉池、二沉池、浓缩池的各自功用、沉淀类型和特点。

(15分)三、污水土地处理系统类型包括慢速渗滤、快速渗滤、地表漫流和湿地处理。

试分别分析其各自的适用场合、机理和特点。

(15分)四、试比较普通生物滤池和生物接触氧化法两工艺的异同点。

(15分)五、试析推流式曝气池和完全混合曝气池的特点及优缺点。

(15分)六、分析混凝反应过程中压缩双电层和吸附架桥作用的各自作用和机理。

(10分)南开大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试试题一、不定项选择题(选对1个答案得2分,选错1个答案扣1分,满分50分)1.理想平流沉淀池应符合以下假定:(A)颗粒出于自由沉淀状态;(B)颗粒的沉速逐渐增大;(C)水流流动过程中流速增大;(D)颗粒沉到池底即认为已被去除2.曝气沉砂池工艺曝气的主要作用是:(A)促进去除粘附在砂粒上的有机污染物;(B)促进沉淀;(C)促进生物降解;(D)促进水砂混合3.浮上法处理工艺必须满足下述条件:(A)必须向水中提供足够量的细微气泡;(B)必须使污水中的污染物质形成悬浮状态;(C)必须使气泡与悬浮物质产生粘附作用;(D)必须投加浮选剂4.一般低温时混凝效果较差,下列所述何者是错误的:(A)无机盐混凝剂水解是吸热的;(B)低温水粘度较大;(C)低温时胶体颗粒水化作用增强;(D)低温时水中杂质布朗运动强5.下列关于胶体的叙述何者是错误的:(A)动力学稳定系指颗粒布朗运动对抗水流冲击的能力;(B)聚集稳定性系指胶体粒子定向不能相互聚集的特性;(C)胶体颗粒表面的动电位即ξ电位;(D)胶体表面水化作用往往是其聚集稳定的重要因素6.下列哪种工艺一般不起淡化或除盐的作用:(A)蒸馏;(B)离子交换;(C)反渗透;(D)吸附7.下列何者为弱酸性阳离子将换树脂:(A)RSO3H+;(B)RCOOH;(C)ROH-;(D)R-NH3OH8.复床除盐系统强碱阴床设置在强酸阳床之后的原因在于:(A)若进水先过阴床易在树脂层内生产沉淀;(B)阴床在酸性介质中易于进行离子交换;(C)强酸树脂抗有机物污染的能力强于强碱树脂;(D)碳酸的去除可由除CO2器负担9.电渗析工艺的推动力是:(A)浓度差;(B)电位差;(C)压力差;(D)水位差10.下列工艺所需操作压力哪个最高:(A)反渗透;(B)超滤;(C)微滤;(D)过滤11.处理效果好的活性污泥法构筑物中污泥处于哪个微生物生长期:(A)停滞期;(B)对数期;(C)静止期;(D)衰老期12.一般下列稳定塘哪类最浅:(A)好氧塘;(B)兼性塘;(C)厌氧塘;(D)曝气塘13.地表漫流系统适合土壤包括:(A)黏土;(B)亚黏土;(C)砂质土;(D)亚砂土14.回流对生物滤池性能有下述影响:(A)提高生物滤池的效率;(B)防止产生灰蝇和减少恶臭;(C)降低进水毒物浓度;(D)提高传质和有机物去除速率15.生物接触氧化法具有下列特点:(A)自然通风;(B)填料淹没在水中;(C)不需要污泥回流;(D)水流属于完全混合型二、自由沉淀沉淀柱内水样均匀混合,悬浮物初始浓度C0为400mg/L,水面至取样口高为1200mm。

日语自考

日语自考

∙关于开考高等教育自学考试日语等专业的通知∙为了适应我省社会经济发展对日语、韩国语、法语等专业人才的需求,根据全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会办公室(下文简称“全国考办”)《关于陕西省申请备案开考高等教育自学考试物业管理(专科)等八个专业的复函》(考委办函〔2010〕12号,省高等教育自学考试委员会办公室(下文简称“省自考办”)决定,从2010年4月起开考高等教育自学考试日语(基础科段、本科段)、韩国语(基础科段、本科段)、法语(基础科段、本科段)等专业,现将各专业考试计划印发给你们,并就有关事项通知如下:一、高等教育自学考试日语(基础科段、本科段)、韩国语(基础科段、本科段)、法语(基础科段、本科段)等专业考试计划由省自考办根据全国高等教育自学考试指导委员会(下文简称全国考委)要求制订。

考试计划中凡课程名称、学分与全国统考课程相同者(考试计划中序号标注“*”号),均须使用全国考委组编的考试大纲、教材,参加全国统一命题考试。

二、自学考试日语(基础科段、本科段)、韩国语(基础科段、本科段)、法语(基础科段、本科段)等专业考试计划中的非全国统考课程由省自考办负责组织命题。

三、自学考试日语(基础科段、本科段)、韩国语(基础科段、本科段)、法语(基础科段、本科段)等专业的主考学校由西安外国语大学担任。

其职责是在省自考办的领导下参与主考专业的评卷,负责实践课程及实践环节考核、毕业论文答辩,在毕业证书上副署,并完成省自考办交办的其它工作。

主考学校必须充分发挥作用,严格贯彻“教考职责分离”的原则。

四、自学考试日语(基础科段、本科段)、韩国语(基础科段、本科段)、法语(基础科段、本科段)等专业的收费按照陕价费调发〔2003〕3号文件规定的标准执行。

附件:1.《陕西省高等教育自学考试日语专业(基础科段、本科段)考试计划2.《陕西省高等教育自学考试韩国语专业(基础科段、本科段)考试计划3.《陕西省高等教育自学考试法语专业(基础科段、本科段)考试计划二○一○年四月二十二日附件1:陕西省高等教育自学考试日语专业基础科段、本科段)考试计划一、指导思想高等教育自学考试是我国高等教育的重要组成部分,是对自学者进行的以学历教育为主的国家考试,是个人自学、社会助学和国家考试相结合的高等教育形式。

相关主题
  1. 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
  2. 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
  3. 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
相关文档
最新文档