广州市2014年各区一模23题
2014广州一模语文答案
2014广州市一模语文答案广州市2014届高三调研测试语文试题参考答案及评分建议题号考点分值答案说明1 字音识记 3 C chuō/lù，jì/qì，juã/jiáo。
A.yì/sì，xiâ，jiâ/xiâ。
B.ɡuō/tián，kǎ/luò，zhònɡ。
D.cuì，qiān/jiān, tà/tuò。
2 词语使用3 C “不经之谈”，没有根据，不合情理的言论。
用在此处，不合语境。
A．“包罗万象”，指包括一切，形容内容丰富，无所不包，符合文意。
B．“执拗”，意为坚持己见,固执任性，符合文意。
D．“进而”，用于复句的后一分句，表示后一分句承接前一分句，强调在原有基础上更进一点，符合文意。
3 语病辨析 3 D A．搭配不当。
“加强”不能与“设施”搭配。
B．不合逻辑。
“防止”与“不再”否定不当。
C．表意不明。
“部分美声唱法和通俗唱法”可以理解成“部分美声唱法与所有的通俗唱法”或“两种唱法的部分选手”。
4 语言连贯 3 B 文段讨论的话题是“视野的近视”。
第②句中“患上了‘视野近视’病”紧承前文，说明患上“视野的近视”的原因；第③中的“这种视野的近视”紧承第②句，表明“视野近视”给人们带来的影响。
第⑥句“井底之蛙”与第③句中的“井底之蛙”对应，深入讨论话题。
第①句中的“这样的日子”指代第⑥句中的井底之蛙的日子，说明这种日子的特征。
第④句明确说明世界的变化会影响到个人，“迟早”一词与第①句中的“极其微弱”对应。
第⑤句中的关联词“如果”与后文的“那么”构成假设关系，提出预设的结果，收结语段。
5 文言实词 3 A 缘：沿着。
6 文言虚词 3 A 副词，均可译为“然后”“才”。
B．连词，表承接关系/连词，表修饰关系。
C．助词，“的”/代词，代“他”。
D．介词，“用”/连词，“因为”。
2014广州一模试卷
试卷类型：A 2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）语文2014.3 本试卷共8页，24小题，满分为150分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。
用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市、县／区、学校以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题的题组号对应的信息点，再作答。
漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。
5．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、本大题4小题，每题3分，共12分。
1．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同．．．．的一组是A．箴．言／斟．酌国粹．／仓猝．复辟．／开天辟．地B．撰．写／编纂．贬谪．／嫡．系冠．名／冠．冕堂皇C．对峙．／嗜．好竣．工／疏浚．提．防／提．心吊胆D．清澈．／掣．肘粗犷．／旷．达识．别／博闻强识．2.下面语段中画线的词语，使用不恰当．．．的一项是近几年，国内许多风景名胜区实行“一票制”，将景区内多个景点门票捆绑搭售。
这种做法引起了人们的置疑和不满，许多游客认为这是变相涨价。
一个知名景区要可持续发展，首先必须赢得游客的口碑，如果过分依赖“门票经济”做“一锤子买卖”，对游客的意见充耳不闻，一意孤行，一旦引起游客的反感乃至抵触，就可能造成难以挽回的损失。
A．置疑 B．一锤子买卖 C．充耳不闻 D．乃至3.下列句子中，没有语病．．．．的一句是A．著名作家村上春树连续五年排在诺贝尔文学奖获奖预测名单榜首，却年年与该奖无缘，可以堪称诺贝尔文学奖史上“最悲壮的入围者”。
2014广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试一模和答案
【一模】2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试和答案第一节完形填空是（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）In America, if you are invited to a wedding, baby shower, bar mitzvah(成年礼) or other celebrations, you’re expected to bring a gift. Usually, it should be modest in 1.______, about$25.For a wedding, the bride will often have ―registered‖ a list of gifts at a local department store, indicating the items she 2. ______ . When you buy a registered item, tell the store that you‘re doing this , so the couple doesn‘t receive the 3.______gift twice. For a baby shower, bring a gift 4. ______for a newborn baby. For a bar mitzvah, bring a gift appropriate for a 13-year-old boy. Because they are such important occasions, gifts for bar mitzvahs tend to be more 5. ______ , for example, a gold-plated pen. 6. ______ the pen by carving the boy‘s full name will be appreciated.If you wish to give a gift to American friends, choose something that is 7.______to your country. It needn‘t be valuable or 8.______, just typical of your homeland.9.______ include a book about your country , an inexpensive souvenir , or something else that reflects your 10 . Yong children who like collecting will probably be very 11.______with a set of your country‘s coins or stamps. Items that are 12.______in your country but difficult to find abroad are also good.If staying with an American family, a good way of expressing your thanks is to take them to a form of 13, such as a basketball game or a concert.When giving gifts to a business acquaintance, don‘t give anything too persona l,14.______to a woman. A scarf or a hat is ok, but other types of 15.______ are not. Something appropriate for the office is best.1.A.size B. value C. weight D. appearance2.A. prefers B. owns C. uses D. imagines3.A.first B. best C. same D. similar4.A.general B. suitable C. demanding D. expensive5.A.modest B. cheerful C. normal D. formal6.A.Personalizing B. Replacing C. Designing D. Changing7.A.convenient B. appropriate C. unique D. beneficial8.A.colourful B. rare C. heavy D. nice9.A.Opportunities B. Expectations C. Inventions D. Possibilities10.A.character B. interest C. culture D. progress11.A.annoyed B. impressed C. amused D. puzzled12.A.limited B. banned C. common D. pricelesscation B. discussion C. exercise D. entertainment14.A.directly B. especially C. merely D. deliberately15.A. clothing. B. perfume C. jewelry D.equipment第二节语法填空While thousands of college students headed for warm climates to enjoy sun and fun during their week off from classes, seven local students had other plans.The Northern Essex Community College (NECC) students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City, helping repair an area___16___(destroy) by the hurricane.―I want to see for myself what happened,‖ said Terry. ―I couldn‘t imagine ___17__ it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the __18___ (power) effect the hurricane had on those people, I wanted to do something, to understand their feeling of helplessness.‖The group headed into Brooklyn‘s Red Hook district, which was hit hard by the hurricane. There they met people from other parts of the country, ___19___ had also volunteered to help. Together, those volunteers and the NECC students __20___ (work) to clear rubbish out of a story building. They put on protective suits and gloves __21__ they entered the building.Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building ___22___ (lie) all over the place.The students returned to school with _23___ sense of achievement, a feeling that __24___ helped people in need. It was remarkable how a community lost so much and was still able to recover, and this left the deepest impression __25___ the students.II阅读（共两节，满分50分）I once met a well-known botanist at a dinner party. I had never talked with a botanist before, and I found him very interesting. I sat there absorbed and listened while he spoke of unusual plants and his experiments (he even told me astonishing facts about the simple potato), I had a small indoor garden of my own – and he was good enough to tell me how to solve some of my problems.As I said, we were at a dinner party. There must have been a dozen other guests, but I broke an important rule of politeness. I ignored everyone else and talked for hours to the botanist.Midnight came. I said good night to everyone and departed. The botanist then turned to our host and said many nice things about ne , Including that I was a ―most interesting conversationalist:.An interesting conversationalist?I had said hardly anything at all. I couldn‘t have said anything if I had wanted to without changing the subject, for I didn‘t know any more about plants than I knew about sharks. But I had done this one thing; I had listened carefully. I listened because I was really interested. And he felt it. Naturally that pleased him. That kind of listening is one of the best ways to show respect to others, and it makes them feel great too. ―Few human beings.‖ Wrote Jack Woodford in Strangers in Love, ―can resist the sweet effect of rapt attention.‖ I went even further that that .I was ―sincere in my admiration and generous in my praise‖. I told him that I had been hugely entertained and instructed. I told him I wished I had his knowledge. I told him that I should love to wander the fields with him. What‘s more, it was all true.And so I had him thinking of me as a good conversationalist when , in reality, I had only been a good listener and had encouraged him to talk.26.From Paragraph 1, we can learn that the writer ______.A. was deeply moved by the botanist‘s talkB. was amazed by what he was hearingC. was not in a comfortable situationD. behaved politely and properly27. Which of the following does the writer describe as a rule of politeness at dinner parties?A. Avoiding discussions about politics and religion.B. Listening carefully to what another guest says.C. Arriving and leaving at the appropriate time.D. Giving attention to all those in attendance.28. The underlined expression ‗rapt attention‖ in Paragraph 4‖ is closet in meaning to ______.A. full understandingB. strong interestC. great uncertaintyD. little curiosity29.According to the writer, which of the following is an important characteristic of a goodconversationalist?A. Listening attentively and encouraging the other side to continue.B. Encouraging the other side by sharing his /her own opinions.C. Promising a future meeting for more communication.D. Expressing respect by nodding his/her head.30.What is the purpose of the passage?A. To prove the writer is an interesting conversationalist.B. To share an interesting experience at a dinner party.C. To explain what makes a good conversationalist.D. To show that botanists can be really talkative.BA British dog-lover has invented a high-tech way of feeding his pet by Twitter( 推特，流行社交网络). Computer expert Nat Morris ,30, has designed a system to give his pet a “tweet treat”by sending him a Twitter message.His dog Toby gets some delicious dog biscuits from a computer-controlled food machine whenever Nat sends a message to ―@ feedtoby‖.Nat often works away from home and isn‘t always able to feed Toby by hand. But his new invention allows Nat to feed his dog from anywhere in the world.Nat said .,‖ Toby absolutely loves it. At first he didn‘t know what was going on. Now he sits underneath the machine, wagging his tail and waiting for the food to drop.‖Nat fills the food machine with small pieces of dog biscuits, but not too many in case four-year- old Toby gets too many messages. And Nat has even equipped his house with an onlinecamera so he can see Toby enjoying he food at his home.But one problem is that friends and family have been so amazed with the ―tweet treat ― machine that they have started sending tweets to Toby too. So Nat ha s had to restrict feeding time to make sure Toby doesn‘t turn into Tubby.“People have been sending him tweets at all hours of the day, so I had to limit it to between 9a.m. and 9 p.m. . I‘m thinking of doing an updated one which can measure his weight be fore he is fed ,just to make sure he‘s not putting on too much puppy fat,‖ explained Nat.How Nat‘s Twitter Feeder works:When a message is sent to @ feedtoby, it is received by a mini –computer that is linked to the feed machine.When the mini-computer receives the message, a bell rings and Toby comes running over and sits in front of the feeding machine. Next , the machine‘s motor pulls open a trap door whi ch releases a serving of food.The doggy biscuits then drop into Toby‘s food bowl. Finally a di gital camera takes a photo of him and sends it back to Nat on Twitter －so he knows Toby has been fed.31.Nat has invented a high-tech way to feed his dog because he ______.A. wants his friends to feed TobyB. has very strong computing skillsC. is often too busy to feed his dogD. doesn‘t like to feed Toby by hand.32.Why has Nat decided to limit the feeding machine‘s operating time?A. He doesn‘t want Toby to get too fat.B. He fears the machine will run out of food.C. He wants his friends to stop feeding Toby.D. He doesn‘t want Toby to be woken up at night .33. It can be learned from the passage that Toby _______.A. sits beneath his feeder all day long.B. is now used to being fed by machineC. doesn‘t know what happens to the feederD. no longer receives tweets from Nat‘s friends34.Which of the following shows the correct order of how the Twitter Feeder works?a. The bell goes off.b. is now used to being fed by machinec. doesn‘t know what happens to the feederd. no longer rece ives tweets from Nat‘s friends.e. The motor starts to work and opens the door to release dog food.A.a,b,v,e, dB.b,c,e,a,dC.b,c,a,e,dD.c,b,a,d,e,35. In which section of the newspaper would you most probably find this passage?A. TechnologyB. Health .C. EnvironmentD. StyleCNo one knows why we dream, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between dreams and better memory in people learning a new skill.So perhaps one way to learn something new is to practice , practice , practice _ and then sleep on it.―I was very surprised by this finding ,‖ said Robert Stickgold , a Harvard University scientist who led the study.In the study ,100 college students each spent an hour on a computer , trying to get through a maze(迷宫). The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start from a different place each time they tried- making it even more difficult.Then, for the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants were required to stay awake while half were asked to sleep. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who slept were asked to describe any dream they had.Stickgold and his colleagues wanted to know about NREM, or non-REM sleep. REM stands for ―rapid eye movement.‖ Which is what happens during REM sleep. This period of sleep often brings strange dreams to a sleeper, although dreams can happen in both kinds of sleep. Stickgold wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren‘t moving, during NREM wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren‘t moving, during NREM sleep. Other studies have found connection between NREM brain activity and learning ability.Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were about the maze. Later, when these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to complete it faster.Stickgold believes the dream itself d oesn‘t help a person learn-it‘s the other way around. He suspects that such dreams are caused by the brain processes associated with learning All the maze-dreamers had done the task poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the NREM dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult . People who had other dreams ,or people who didn‘t show the same improvement.36. In the first stage of the study, the participants were asked to ____.A. design a maze on computerB. find their way out of a maze.C. decide where to begin a mazeD. remember a location in a maze37. What happened to the participants during the break?A. Half of them were woken up when they started to dream.B. Half of them were asked to dream about the maze.C. All of them were asked to describe their thoughts.D. Half of them were asked to sleep for 90 minutes.38. What can we learn from the passage?A. Everyone will dream about a new skill after learning it.B. Stickgold was the first to study dreams and learning.C. During NREM sleep, people usually don‘t dream.D. Unusual dreams often occur during REM sleep.39.According to the last paragraph , before sleeping the maze –dreamers ___.A. found it difficult to do the maze .B. were greatly interested in the mazeC. were mostly slow and poor thinkersD. completed the maze faster than others40. Which of the following statements best summarizes the study‘s conclusion?A. Dreams have a role in learning.B. Dreams have no basis in reality.C. Dreams are important for health.D. Dreams are the best way to study.D.The recent publication of autobiographies by two of Britain‘s greatest scientists, biologist Richard Dawkins and physicist Stephen Hawking, is a wonderful opportunity to compare and contrast these two remarkable men. Surprisingly, they have rather more in common than we think.Most striking is the similarity in their backgrounds. They were born in the early 1940s to middle class families _ not wealthy but comfortably off , with a strong commitment to academic excellence and public service . Both families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University—and both succeeded, Dawkins studying zoology and Hawking physics.Neither man has a very positive view of his early university life. Hawing describes the attitude at Oxford in the 1950s and 1960s as very anti-work, ―You were supposed to either be brilliant without effort or fail. Hard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for.”He estimates that he studied for no more than an hour a day as an undergraduate student (本科生)。
2014广州一模语文试卷答案
• 22．【准确、得体】（6分） • 答案示例：
• 张亮同学议论类文章水平高，笔锋犀 利，触觉灵敏，见解独到，做“时事 酷评”的记者非常合适；李小明同学 记叙类文章写得好，他笔触细腻，能 及时捕捉到校园的新鲜事，适合做 “新闻快递”的记者。
• ［6分。答对一点3分，其中“理由”1分， “栏目”１分，“得体”１分。］
• 19.毕加索新美学观的形成受到哪些因素的 影响？（4分） • 20.作者为什么特别评介毕加索的《亚威农 少女》？请简要分析。（5分） • 21.作者以“超越时空的对‘画’”为标题 有何深意？请结合文章内容分析。（6分）
• 19.毕加索新美学观的形成受到哪些因素的 影响？（4分） • 20.作者为什么特别评介毕加索的《亚威农 少女》？请简要分析。（5分） • 21.作者以“超越时空的对‘画’”为标题 有何深意？请结合文章内容分析。（6分）
• ①巴塞罗那弥漫的反叛和无政府主义 情绪；②在巴黎“洗衣舫”中诞生的 各种新思想、新风格；③法国数学家 亨利· 庞加莱提出的数学和空间新观念。
• [4分。答对一点1分，两点3分，三点4分。 意思对即可。]
• 20.作者为什么特别评介毕加索的《亚威农少 女》？请简要分析。（5分） • 20．【特色思考】（5分）
入倒数第二处横线；②句中的“维系文化的纽带” 对应后句的“文化生态……延续”，应填入最后 一处横线。
10（1）全词表达了作者哪些情感？（4分）
（1）①重游晋祠欣赏春天美景的喜悦之 情；②对时光流逝的感伤之情；③思念家 乡的孤独之情。
[4分。“欣赏春天美景的喜悦之情”2分；其他 两点任答一点2分。如笼统答“喜悦”、“孤独”、
• 2答案A • 置疑：怀疑（用于否定），此处应用“质 疑”。B．一锤子买卖：不考虑以后怎样， 只做一次的交易（多用于比喻）。C．充耳 不闻：塞住耳朵不听，形容不愿听取别人的 意见。D．乃至：甚至,在句中表递进。 • 3.答案B • A．成分赘余，“可以”与“堪”语义重复， 应删去“可以”。C．结构混乱，“它要 求……”与“……才能够胜任”句式杂糅， 应删去其中一个。D．搭配不当，主语“项 目”与宾语“国家”不能搭配，应在“中国”
2014年广州一模数学试题及答案
试卷类型：A2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）数学（理科）2014.3本试卷共4页，21小题， 满分150分．考试用时120分钟 注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用2B 铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。
用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市、县/区、学校以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B 铅笔将试卷类型（A ）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．作答选做题时，请先用2B 铅笔填涂选做题题号对应的信息点，再作答。
漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。
5．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
参考公式：锥体的体积公式Sh V 31=，其中S 是锥体的底面积，h 是锥体的高． ()()22221211236n n n n ++++++=()*n ∈N ． 一、选择题：本大题共8小题，每小题5分，满分40分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的． 1．已知i 是虚数单位，若()2i 34i m +=-，则实数m 的值为A ．2-B ．2±C ．D ．22．在△ABC 中，角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为a ，b ，c ，若2C B =，则c b为 A ．2sin C B ．2cos B C ．2sin B D ．2cos C 3．圆()()22121x y -+-=关于直线y x =对称的圆的方程为A ．()()22211x y -+-= B ．()()22121x y ++-= C ．()()22211x y ++-= D ．()()22121x y -++=4．若函数()f x =R ，则实数a 的取值范围为A ．()2,2-B ．()(),22,-∞-+∞C ．(][),22,-∞-+∞D ．[]2,2-5．某中学从某次考试成绩中抽取若干名学生的分数，并绘制２成如图1的频率分布直方图．样本数据分组为[)50,60，[)60,70，[)70,80，[)80,90，[]90,100．若用分层抽样的方法从样本中抽取分数在[]80,100范围内的数据16个， 则其中分数在[]90,100范围内的样本数据有A ．5个B ．6个C ．8个D ．10个 6．已知集合32A x x x ⎧⎫=∈∈⎨⎬-⎩⎭Z Z 且，则集合A 中的元素个数为 A ．2 B ．3 C ．4D ．57．设a ，b 是两个非零向量，则使a b =a b 成立的一个必要非充分条件是A ．=a bB ．⊥a bC ．λ=a b ()0λ>D ．ab8．设a ，b ，m 为整数（0m >），若a 和b 被m 除得的余数相同，则称a 和b 对模m 同余，记为()mod a b m ≡．若0122202020202020C C 2C 2C 2a =+⋅+⋅++⋅，()mod10a b ≡，则b 的值可以是A ．2011B ．2012C ．2013D ．2014 二、填空题：本大题共7小题，考生作答6小题，每小题5分，满分30分． （一）必做题（9～13题）9．若不等式1x a -<的解集为{}13x x <<，则实数a 的值为 ． 10．执行如图2的程序框图，若输出7S =，则输入k ()*k ∈N 的值为 ． 11．一个四棱锥的底面为菱形，其三视图如图3所示，则这个四棱锥的体积是 ．12．设α为锐角，若cos 65α⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭，则sin 12απ⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭． 侧（左）视图图3俯视图爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C ３13．在数列{}n a 中，已知11a =，111n n a a +=-+，记n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和，则2014S = ．（二）选做题（14～15题，考生只能从中选做一题） 14．（坐标系与参数方程选做题）在极坐标系中，直线()sin cos a ρθθ-=与曲线2cos 4sin ρθθ=-相交于A ，B 两点，若AB =3a 的值为 ．15．（几何证明选讲选做题）如图4，PC 是圆O 的切线，切点为C ，直线PA 与圆O 交于A ，B 两点，APC ∠的平分线分别交弦CA ，CB 于D ，E两点，已知3PC =，2PB =，则PEPD的值为 ．三、解答题：本大题共6小题，满分80分．解答须写出文字说明、证明过程和演算步骤． 16．（本小题满分12分）已知函数()sin cos f x x a x =+的图象经过点π03⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，． （1）求实数a 的值；（2）设[]2()()2g x f x =-，求函数()g x 的最小正周期与单调递增区间．17．（本小题满分12分）甲，乙，丙三人参加某次招聘会，假设甲能被聘用的概率是25，甲，丙两人同时不能被聘用的概率是625，乙，丙两人同时能被聘用的概率是310，且三人各自能否被聘用相互独立． （1）求乙，丙两人各自能被聘用的概率；（2）设ξ表示甲，乙，丙三人中能被聘用的人数与不能被聘用的人数之差的绝对值，求ξ的分布列与均值（数学期望）．18．（本小题满分14分）如图5，在棱长为a 的正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，点E 是棱1D D 的PEABCD 图4O 1C 1D DE1A 1B４中点，点F 在棱1B B 上，且满足12B F FB =． （1）求证：11EF A C ⊥；（2）在棱1C C 上确定一点G ， 使A ，E ，G ，F 四点共面，并求此时1C G 的长；（3）求平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的余弦值． 19．（本小题满分14分）已知等差数列{}n a 的首项为10，公差为2，等比数列{}n b 的首项为1，公比为2，*n ∈N ．（1）求数列{}n a 与{}n b 的通项公式；（2）设第n 个正方形的边长为{}min ,n n n c a b =，求前n 个正方形的面积之和n S ． （注：{}min ,a b 表示a 与b 的最小值．） 20．（本小题满分14分）已知双曲线E ：()222104x y a a -=>的中心为原点O ，左，右焦点分别为1F ，2F ，离心率为35，点P 是直线23a x =上任意一点，点Q 在双曲线E 上，且满足220PF QF =．（1）求实数a 的值；（2）证明：直线PQ 与直线OQ 的斜率之积是定值；（3）若点P 的纵坐标为1，过点P 作动直线l 与双曲线右支交于不同两点M ，N ，在线段MN上取异于点M ，N 的点H ，满足PM MHPN HN=，证明点H 恒在一条定直线上． 21．（本小题满分14分）已知函数()()221e x f x x x =-+（其中e 为自然对数的底数）． （1）求函数()f x 的单调区间；（2）定义：若函数()h x 在区间[],s t ()s t <上的取值范围为[],s t ，则称区间[],s t 为函数()h x 的“域同区间”．试问函数()f x 在()1,+∞上是否存在“域同区间”？若存在，求出所有符合条件的“域同区间”；若不存在，请说明理由．2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）数学（理科）试题参考答案及评分标准说明：1．参考答案与评分标准给出了一种或几种解法供参考，如果考生的解法与参考答案不同，可C爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C ５根据试题主要考查的知识点和能力比照评分标准给以相应的分数．2．对解答题中的计算题，当考生的解答在某一步出现错误时，如果后继部分的解答未改变该题的内容和难度，可视影响的程度决定后继部分的得分，但所给分数不得超过该部分正确解答应得分数的一半；如果后继部分的解答有较严重的错误，就不再给分．3．解答右端所注分数，表示考生正确做到这一步应得的累加分数．4．只给整数分数，选择题和填空题不给中间分．一、选择题：本大题考查基本知识和基本运算．共8小题，每小题，满分40分．题号 1 23 4 5 6 7 8答案 A B A D B C D A二、填空题：本大题考查基本知识和基本运算，体现选择性．共7小题，每小题，满分30分．其中14~15题是选做题，考生只能选做一题．题号 9 10 11 12131415答案23421020112-1-或5- 23三、解答题：本大题共6小题，满分80分． 16．（本小题满分1）（本小题主要考查三角函数图象的周期性、单调性、同角三角函数的基本关系和三角函数倍角公式等等知识，考查化归与转化的数学思想方法，以及运算求解能力）解：（1）因为函数()sin cos f x x a x =+的图象经过点π03⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭，，所以03f π⎛⎫-= ⎪⎝⎭． 即ππsin cos 033a ⎛⎫⎛⎫-+-= ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭． 即302a+=． 解得3a =（2）方法1：由（1）得()sin 3f x x x =．所以2()[()]2g x f x =-()2sin 32x x=+-22sin 23cos 3cos 2x x x x =++-６2cos 2x x =+122cos 22x x ⎫=+⎪⎪⎝⎭ 2sin 2cos cos 2sin 66x x ππ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭π2sin 26x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭．所以()g x 的最小正周期为22π=π． 因为函数sin y x =的单调递增区间为2,222k k ππ⎡⎤π-π+⎢⎥⎣⎦()k ∈Z ， 所以当πππ2π22π262k x k -≤+≤+()k ∈Z 时，函数()g x 单调递增， 即ππππ36k x k -≤≤+()k ∈Z 时，函数()g x 单调递增．所以函数()g x 的单调递增区间为πππ,π36k k ⎡⎤-+⎢⎥⎣⎦()k ∈Z ． 方法2：由（1）得()sin f x x x =+2sin cos cos sin 33x x ππ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭π2sin 3x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭．所以2()[()]2g x f x =-2π2sin 23x ⎡⎤⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦2π4sin 23x ⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭2π2cos 23x ⎛⎫=-+ ⎪⎝⎭分所以函数()g x 的最小正周期为22π=π分 因为函数cos y x =的单调递减区间为[]2,2k k ππ+π()k ∈Z ， 所以当22223k x k ππ≤+≤π+π()k ∈Z 时，函数()g x 单调递增．爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C ７即ππππ36k x k -≤≤+（k ∈Z ）时，函数()g x 单调递增．所以函数()g x 的单调递增区间为πππ,π36k k ⎡⎤-+⎢⎥⎣⎦()k ∈Z ．17．（本小题满分1）（本小题主要考查相互独立事件、解方程、随机变量的分布列与均值（数学期望）等知识，考查或然与必然的数学思想方法，以及数据处理能力、运算求解能力和应用意识） 解：（1）记甲，乙，丙各自能被聘用的事件分别为1A ，2A ，3A ，由已知1A ，2A ，3A 相互独立，且满足()()()()()113232,5611,253.10P A P A P A P A P A ⎧=⎪⎪⎪--=⎡⎤⎡⎤⎨⎣⎦⎣⎦⎪⎪=⎪⎩解得()212P A =，()335P A =． 所以乙，丙各自能被聘用的概率分别为12，35． （2）ξ的可能取值为1，3．因为()()()1231233P P A A A P A A A ξ==+()()()()()()123123111P A P A P A P A P A P A =+---⎡⎤⎡⎤⎡⎤⎣⎦⎣⎦⎣⎦213312525525=⨯⨯+⨯⨯625=． 所以()()113P P ξξ==-=61912525=-=． 所以ξ的分布列为所以19613252525E ξ=⨯+⨯=．ξ 1 3P1925625８18．（本小题满分1）（本小题主要考查空间线面关系、四点共面、二面角的平面角、空间向量及坐标运算等知识，考查数形结合、化归与转化的数学思想方法，以及空间想象能力、推理论证能力和运算求解能力）推理论证法：（1）证明：连结11B D ，BD ，因为四边形1111A B C D 是正方形，所以1111A C B D ⊥． 在正方体1111ABCD A B C D -中，1DD ⊥平面1111A B C D ，11A C ⊂平面1111A B C D ，所以111A C DD ⊥．因为1111B D DD D =，11B D ，1DD ⊂平面11BB D D ，所以11A C ⊥平面11BB D D ．因为EF ⊂平面11BB D D ，所以11EF A C ⊥． （2）解：取1C C 的中点H ，连结BH ，则BHAE ．在平面11BB C C 中，过点F 作FGBH ，则FGAE ．连结EG ，则A ，E ，G ，F 四点共面．因为11122CH C C a ==，11133HG BF C C a ===， 所以1C G 116C C CH HG a =--=．故当1C G 16a =时，A ，E ，G ，F 四点共面．（3）延长EF ，DB ，设EFDB M =，连结AM ，则AM 是平面AEF 与平面ABCD 的交线．过点B 作BN AM ⊥，垂足为N ，连结FN ， 因为FB AM ⊥，FB BN B =， 所以AM ⊥平面BNF ．因为FN ⊂平面BNF ，所以AM ⊥FN ． 所以FNB ∠为平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的平面角．因为123132aMB BF MD DE a ===，23=，1D ABCD EF 1A1B1C MN1D ABCD EF 1A1B1C 1DABCDE F 1A1B 1C G H爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C ９所以22MB a =．在△ABM 中，AB a =，135ABM ∠=， 所以2222cos135AM AB MB AB MB =+-⨯⨯⨯ ()222222222a aa a ⎛=+-⨯⨯⨯- ⎝⎭213a =． 即13AM a =． 因为11sin13522AM BN AB MB ⨯=⨯⨯， 所以222sin13521321313a a AB MB BN a AMa⨯⨯⨯===．所以2222121371331339FN BF BN a a ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+=+= ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭． 所以6cos 7BN FNB FN ∠==．故平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的余弦值为67．空间向量法：（1）证明：以点D 为坐标原点，DA ，DC ，1DD 所在的直线分别为x 轴，y 轴，z 轴，建立如图的空间直角坐标系， 则(),0,0A a ，()1,0,A a a ，()10,,C a a ，10,0,2E a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭，1,,3F a a a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭，所以()11,,0AC a a =-，1,,6EF a a a ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭． 因为221100AC EF a a =-++=， 所以11AC EF ⊥．1D ABC D EF 1A1B1C xyz１０所以11EF A C ⊥．（2）解：设()0,,G a h ，因为平面11ADD A 平面11BCC B ，平面11ADD A 平面AEGF AE =，平面11BCC B 平面AEGF FG =，所以FGAE ．所以存在实数λ，使得FG AE λ=． 因为1,0,2AE a a ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭，1,0,3FG a h a ⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭， 所以11,0,,0,32a h a a a λ⎛⎫⎛⎫--=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭． 所以1λ=，56h a =． 所以1C G 15166CC CG a a a =-=-=． 故当1C G 16a =时，A ，E ，G ，F 四点共面． （3）解：由（1）知1,0,2AE a a ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭，10,,3AF a a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭． 设(),,x y z =n 是平面AEF 的法向量，则0,0.AE AF ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩n n 即10,210.3ax az ay az ⎧-+=⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩取6z =，则3x =，2y =-．所以()3,2,6=-n 是平面AEF 的一个法向量． 而()10,0,DD a =是平面ABCD 的一个法向量， 设平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成的二面角为θ， 则11cos DD DD θ=n n (1)爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C １１()()2220302667326a a⨯+⨯-+⨯==+-+⨯． 故平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的余弦值为67．第（1）、（2）问用推理论证法，第（3）问用空间向量法： （1）、（2）给分同推理论证法． （3）解：以点D 为坐标原点，DA ，DC ，1DD 所在的直线分别为x 轴，y 轴，z 轴，建立如图的空间直角坐标系， 则(),0,0A a ，10,0,2E a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭，1,,3F a a a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭，则1,0,2AE a a ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭，10,,3AF a a ⎛⎫= ⎪⎝⎭．设(),,x y z =n 是平面AEF 的法向量，则0,0.AE AF ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩nn即10,210.3ax az ay az ⎧-+=⎪⎪⎨⎪+=⎪⎩取6z =，则3x =，2y =-．所以()3,2,6=-n 是平面AEF 的一个法向量． 而()10,0,DD a =是平面ABCD 的一个法向量， 设平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成的二面角为θ， 则11cos DD DD θ=n n (1)()()2220302667326a a⨯+⨯-+⨯==+-+⨯． 故平面AEF 与平面ABCD 所成二面角的余弦值为67． 19．（本小题满分1）（本小题主要考查等差数列、等比数列、分组求和等知识，考查化归与转化的数学思想方法，以及运算求解能力和创新意识）1D ABC DEF 1A1B1C xyz１２解：（1）因为等差数列{}n a 的首项为10，公差为2，所以()1012n a n =+-⨯， 即28n a n =+．因为等比数列{}n b 的首项为1，公比为2，所以112n n b -=⨯， 即12n n b -=．（2）因为110a =，212a =，314a =，416a =，518a =，620a =，11b =，22b =，34b =，48b =，516b =，632b =．易知当5n ≤时，n n a b >．下面证明当6n ≥时，不等式n n b a >成立．方法1：①当6n =时，616232b -==620268a >=⨯+=，不等式显然成立．②假设当n k =()6k ≥时，不等式成立，即1228k k ->+．则有()()()()122222821826218kk k k k k -=⨯>+=++++>++．这说明当1n k =+时，不等式也成立．综合①②可知，不等式对6n ≥的所有整数都成立． 所以当6n ≥时，n n b a >． 方法2：因为当6n ≥时()()()112281128n n n n b a n n ---=-+=+-+()()01211111C C C C 28n n n n n n -----=++++-+()()012321111111C C C C C C 28n n n n n n n n n n ---------≥+++++-+ ()()0121112C C C 28n n n n ---=++-+()()236460n n n n n =--=-+->，所以当6n ≥时，n n b a >．所以{}min ,n n n c a b =12,5,28,5.n n n n -⎧≤=⎨+>⎩爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C １３则()22222,5,44, 5.n n n c n n -⎧≤⎪=⎨+>⎪⎩当5n ≤时，2222123n n S c c c c =++++ 2222123n b b b b =++++024222222n -=++++1414n -=-()1413n=-．当5n >时，2222123n n S c c c c =++++()()22222212567n b b b a a a =+++++++()51413=-()()()222464744n ⎡⎤+++++++⎣⎦()()()222341467867165n n n ⎡⎤=+++++++++-⎣⎦ ()()()()2222223414121253267645n n n ⎡⎤=++++-++++++++-⎣⎦()()()()()121653414553264562n n n n n n +++-⎡⎤=+-+⨯+-⎢⎥⎣⎦3242421867933n n n =++-． 综上可知，n S ()32141,5,3424218679, 5.33nn n n n n ⎧-≤⎪⎪=⎨⎪++->⎪⎩20．（本小题满分1）（本小题主要考查直线的斜率、双曲线的方程、直线与圆锥曲线的位置关系等知识，考查数形结合、化归与转化、函数与方程的数学思想方法，以及推理论证能力和运算求解能力） （1）解：设双曲线E 的半焦距为c ，由题意可得22354.c a c a ⎧=⎪⎨⎪=+⎩解得5a =．１４（2）证明：由（1）可知，直线2533a x ==，点()23,0F ．设点5,3P t ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,()00,Q x y ， 因为220PF QF =，所以()0053,3,03t x y ⎛⎫----= ⎪⎝⎭． 所以()00433ty x =-． 因为点()00,Q x y 在双曲线E 上，所以2200154x y -=，即()2200455y x =-． 所以20000200005533PQ OQy t y y ty k k x x x x --⋅=⋅=--()()2002004453453553x x x x ---==-．所以直线PQ 与直线OQ 的斜率之积是定值45．（3）证法1：设点(),H x y ，且过点5,13P ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的直线l 与双曲线E 的右支交于不同两点()11,M x y ，()22,N x y ，则22114520x y -=，22224520x y -=，即()2211455y x =-，()2222455y x =-． 设PM MH PN HN λ==，则,.PM PN MH HN λλ⎧=⎪⎨=⎪⎩． 即()()1122112255,1,1,33,,.x y x y x x y y x x y y λλ⎧⎛⎫⎛⎫--=--⎪⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎨⎪--=--⎩整理，得()()()1212121251,31,1,1.x x y y x x x y y y λλλλλλλλ⎧-=-⎪⎪⎪-=-⎨⎪+=+⎪+=+⎪⎩①②③④由①×③，②×④得()()22221222221251,31.x x x y y y λλλλ⎧-=-⎪⎨⎪-=-⎩⑤⑥将()2211455y x =-，()2222455y x =-代入⑥，爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C １５得2221224451x x y λλ-=⨯--． ⑦ 将⑤代入⑦，得443y x =-． 所以点H 恒在定直线43120x y --=上．证法2：依题意，直线l 的斜率k 存在． 设直线l 的方程为513y k x ⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭，由2251,31.54y k x x y ⎧⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎪⎪⎝⎭⎨⎪-=⎪⎩消去y 得()()()22229453053255690k x k k x k k -+---+=． 因为直线l 与双曲线E 的右支交于不同两点()11,M x y ，()22,N x y ，则有()()()()()()()22222122212290053900455690,3053,95425569.954k k k k k k k x x k k k x x k ⎧⎪∆=-+--+>⎪⎪-⎪+=⎨-⎪⎪-+⎪=⎪-⎩设点(),H x y ，由PM MH PN HN =，得112125353x x x x x x --=--． 整理得()()1212635100x x x x x x -+++=．1 将②③代入上式得()()()()()2222150569303553100954954k k x k k x k k -++--+=--．整理得()354150x k x --+=． ④①② ③１６因为点H 在直线l 上，所以513y k x ⎛⎫-=- ⎪⎝⎭． ⑤ 联立④⑤消去k 得43120x y --=． 所以点H 恒在定直线43120x y --=上．（本题（3）只要求证明点H 恒在定直线43120x y --=上，无需求出x 或y 的范围．） 21．（本小题满分1）（本小题主要考查函数的单调性、函数的导数、函数的零点等知识，考查数形结合、化归与转化、分类与讨论的数学思想方法，以及运算求解能力、抽象概括能力与创新意识） 解：（1）因为()()221e x f x x x =-+，所以2()(22)e (21)e x x f x x x x '=-+-+()21e xx =-(1)(1)e x x x =+-． 当1x <-或1x >时，()0f x '>，即函数()f x 的单调递增区间为(),1-∞-和()1,+∞． 当11x -<<时，()0f x '<，即函数()f x 的单调递减区间为()1,1-．所以函数()f x 的单调递增区间为(),1-∞-和()1,+∞，单调递减区间为()1,1-． （2）假设函数()f x 在()1,+∞上存在“域同区间”[,](1)s t s t <<，由（1）知函数()f x 在()1,+∞上是增函数，所以(),().f s s f t t =⎧⎨=⎩ 即22(1)e ,(1)e .s ts s t t ⎧-⋅=⎨-⋅=⎩也就是方程2(1)e xx x -=有两个大于1的相异实根． 设2()(1)e (1)xg x x x x =-->，则2()(1)e 1xg x x '=--． 设()h x =2()(1)e 1xg x x '=--，则()()221e x h x x x '=+-．因为在(1,)+∞上有()0h x '>，所以()h x 在()1,+∞上单调递增． 因为()110h =-<，()223e 10h =->，即存在唯一的()01,2x ∈，使得()00h x =．当()01,x x ∈时，()()0h x g x '=<，即函数()g x 在()01,x 上是减函数； 当()0,x x ∈+∞时，()()0h x g x '=>，即函数()g x 在()0,x +∞上是增函数．因为()110g =-<，0()(1)0g x g <<，2(2)e 20g =->，爱迪教育 D 爱迪个性化教育发展中心D Idea Personalized Education Development C １７所以函数()g x 在区间()1,+∞上只有一个零点．这与方程2(1)e xx x -=有两个大于1的相异实根相矛盾，所以假设不成立． 所以函数()f x 在()1,+∞上不存在“域同区间”．。
2014年广州一模语文试题答案(word版)
20 1 4年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）语文参考答案及评分标准9．（10分）（1）【文言翻译】（7分）①（郭舒）因为犯了擅自释放司马彪的罪过，被廷尉拘囚，当时的人大多认为他为人仗义。
[4分。
“坐”“系”“义”各1分，大意1分。
]②郭舒年轻时与杜曾交情深厚，杜曾曾经征召郭舒，郭舒不肯前往，杜曾对他（这件事）怀恨在心。
[3分。
“厚”“衔”各1分，大意1分。
]（2）【信息筛选】（3分）①郭舒直言劝告王澄不要终日饮酒，而要以政务为重。
（澄终日酣饮，不以众务在意，舒常切谏之。
）②郭舒在天下大乱时劝王澄要修养德行，树立威望，保全州境。
（及天下大乱，又劝澄修德养威，保完州境。
）③郭舒制止王澄手下棒打士人宗庾廞，甘受王澄的责罚。
（舒厉色谓左右曰：“使君过醉，汝辈何敢妄动！”“澄遣掐其鼻，灸其眉头，舒跪而受之”。
）④郭舒说服王敦让手下退还了强夺菜农的土地。
（“公为胜尧、舜邪？乃逆折舒，使不得言。
何与古人相远！”“缪坦可谓小人……舒等不敢不言”。
）［3分。
答对一点2分，两点3分。
找出的事例能体现郭舒的“忠亮”，即可给分。
］【参考译文】郭舒，字稚行。
他年幼的时候请求母亲让他拜师求学，学了一年多就回家了，粗略懂得了为人处事的要义。
乡里人、宗族人都称他会是后起之秀，最终成为国家的栋梁之材。
郭舒开始做官担任领军校尉，因为犯了擅自释放司马彪的罪过，被廷尉拘囚，当时的人大多认为他为人仗义。
王澄听说了郭舒的声名，征召他担任别驾。
王澄整天痛饮，不把政务放在心上。
郭舒经常直言劝谏他。
等到天下大乱的时候，郭舒又劝王澄修养德行，树立威望，保全州境。
王澄虽然没有听从郭舒的劝告，但是敬重他的忠诚坚贞。
荆州当地的读书人宗庾廞曾经因为饮酒得罪了王澄，王澄发怒，命令手下人棒打宗庾廞。
郭舒神色严厉地对王澄的手下说：‚使君喝得太多了，你们这些人怎么敢胡乱行动！‛王澄发怒说：‚别驾发狂了吗？诓骗说我醉了！‛于是让人掐他的鼻子，烫他的眉头，郭舒跪着承受。
2014年广州一模数学试题及答案(文科)精美WORD-推荐下载
本试卷共 4 页，21 小题， 满分 150 分．考试用时 120 分钟 注意事项：
数学（文科）
1．答卷前，考生务必用 2B 铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔将自己所在
的市、县/区、学校以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用 2B 铅笔将试
卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位
置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上
C．1 y
O
C． M
3
C．
4
C
C． a b
，记
Sn
C．1008
4
第 2 页 共 4俯页视图
2
x
为数列 an 的前
．
正（主）视图
2
n
D．2 y
D
O
D． N 7
D．
8
D． a b
项和，则
D．1009
．
11 侧（左）视图
图2
S2014
x
13．由空间向量 a 1, 2,3， b 1, 1,1构成的向量集合 A x x a kb, k Z，则向量 x 的模
要求作答的答案无效。
4．作答选做题时，请先用 2B 铅笔填涂选做题题号对应的信息点，再作答。漏涂、错涂、多涂的，
答案无效。
5．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
【广东省各市一模2014广州一模】2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试(一)数学文试题 Word版
2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试一文科数学第2卷（共50分）一、选择题：2.已知i 是虚数单位，若()234m i i +=-，则实数m 的值为（ ）A.2-B.2±C.2±D.2 1.函数()()ln 1f x x =+的定义域为（ ）A.(),1-∞-B.(),1-∞C.()1,-+∞D.()1,+∞3.在ABC ∆中，角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别为a 、b 、c ，若2C B =，则cb为（ ） A.2sin C B.2cos B C.2sin B D.2cos C 5.已知1x >-，则函数11y x x =++的最小值为（ ） A.1- B.0 C.1 D.2 4.圆()()22121x y -+-=关于直线y x =对称的圆的方程为（ ）A.()()22211x y -+-= B.()()22121x y ++-=C.()()22211x y ++-= D.()()22121x y -++=6.函数()21xf x x =+的图象大致是（ ）DCBAyyyyxxxxO O O O9.设a 、b 是两个非零向量，则使a b a b ⋅=⋅成立的一个必要非充分的条件是（ ）A.a b =B.a b ⊥C.()0a b λλ=>D.//a b10.在数列{}n a 中，已知11a =，()11sin 2n nn a a π++-=，记n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和，则2014S =（ ）A.1006B.1007C.1008D.1009 7.已知非空集合M 和N ，规定{}M N x x M x N -=∈∉且，那么()M M N --等于（ ） A.MN B.M N C.M D.N8.任取实数a 、[]1,1b ∈-，则a 、b 满足22a b -≤的概率为（ ） A.18 B.14 C.34 D.78第2卷（共100分）二、填空题11.执行如图1所示的程序框图，若输出7S =，则输入()k k N *∈的值为 .开始输入输出结束是否Sk 0,0n S ==?n k <1n n =+12n S S -=+图113.由空间向量()1,2,3a =，()1,1,1b =-构成的向量集合{},A x x a kb k Z ==+∈，则向量x 的模x 的最小值为 .12.一个四棱锥的底面为菱形，其三视图如图2所示，则这个四棱锥的体积是 .图2俯视图侧（左）视图正（主）视图451122（二）选做题（14~15题，考生只能从中选做一题）15.（几何证明选讲选做题）如图3，PC 是圆O 的切线，切点为点C ，直线PA 与圆O 交于A 、B 两点，APC ∠的角平分线交弦CA 、CB 于D 、E 两点，已知3PC =，2PB =，则PEPD的值为 . E图3O PD C BA14.（坐标系与参数方程选做题）在极坐标系中，直线()sin cos a ρθθ-=与曲线2cos 4sin ρθθ=-相交于A 、B 两点，若23AB =，则实数a 的值为 .三、解答题19.（本小题满分14分）已知等差数列{}n a 的首项为10，公差为2，数列{}n b 满足62n n nb a n =-，n N *∈. （1）求数列{}n a 与{}n b 的通项公式；（2）记{}max ,n n n c a b =，求数列{}n c 的前n 项和n S .（注：{}max ,a b 表示a 与b 的最大值.）16.（本小题满分12分）已知某种同型号的6瓶饮料中有2瓶已过了保质期.（1）从6瓶饮料中任意抽取1瓶，求抽到没过保质期的饮料的概率； （2）从6瓶饮料中随机抽取2瓶，求抽到已过保质期的饮料的概率.18.（本小题满分14分）如图4，在棱长为a 的正方体1111ABCD A BC D -中，点E 是棱1D D 的中点，点F 在棱1B B 上，且满足12B F BF =.（1）求证：11EF AC ⊥；（2）在棱1C C 上确定一点G ，使A 、E 、G 、F 四点共面，并求此时1C G 的长； （3）求几何体ABFED 的体积.图4D 1C 1B 1A 1FE DCBA17.（本小题满分12分）已知函数()sin cos f x x a x =+的图象经过点,03π⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭. （1）求实数a 的值；（2）设()()22g x f x =-⎡⎤⎣⎦，求函数()g x 的最小正周期与单调递增区间.21.（本小题满分14分）已知双曲线()222:104x y E a a -=>的中心为原点O ，左、右焦点分别为1F 、2F ，离心率为355，点P 是直线23a x =上任意一点，点Q 在双曲线E 上，且满足220PF QF ⋅=.（1）求实数a 的值；（2）证明：直线PQ 与直线OQ 的斜率之积是定值；（3）若点P 的纵坐标为1，过点P 作动直线l 与双曲线右支交于不同的两点M 、N ，在线段MN 上去异于点M 、N 的点H ，满足PM MH PNHN=，证明点H 恒在一条定直线上.20.（本小题满分14分）已知函数()32693f x x x x =-+-. （1）求函数()f x 的极值；（2）定义：若函数()h x 在区间[](),s t s t <上的取值范围为[],s t ，则称区间[],s t 为函数()h x 的“域同区间”.试问函数()f x 在()3,+∞上是否存在“域同区间”？若存在，求出所有符合条件的“域同区间”；若不存在，请说明理由.。
2014广州一模文科数学试题及分析
2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）数学（文科）本试卷共4页，21小题， 满分150分．考试用时120分钟 2014.3 参考公式：锥体的体积公式Sh V 31=，其中S 是锥体的底面积，h 是锥体的高． 一、选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题5分，满分50分．在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是符合题目要求的． 1. 函数)1ln()(x x f +=的定义域为A.)1,(--∞B. )1,(-∞C. ),1(+∞-D. ),1(+∞2.已知i 是虚数单位，若i i m 43)(2-=+，则实数m 的值为A.2-B. 2±C.2±D.23.在ABC ∆中，角C B A ,,所对的边分别为c b a ,,，若B C 2=，则bc为A.C sin 2B.B cos 2C. B sin 2D. C cos 24.圆1)2()1(22=-+-y x 关于直线x y =对称的圆的方程为A. 1)1()2(22=-+-y xB. 1)2()1(22=-++y xC. 1)1()2(22=-++y x D. 1)2()1(22=++-y x5．已知1->x ，则函数11++=x x y 的最小值为 A.1- B.0 C.1 D.26．函数)(2=xx f 的图像大致是7．已知非空集合M 和N ，规定}|{N x M x x N M ∉∈=-且，那么)(N M M --等于 A.N M B. N M C.M D.N 8．任取实数]1,1[,-∈b a ，则b a ,满足2|2|≤-b a 的概率为 A.81 B. 41 C. 43 D. 879．设b a ,是两个非零向量，则使||||b a b a =⋅成立的一个必要非充分条件是A.=B. //C. ⊥D. )0(>=λλ 10．在数列}{n a 中，已知2)1(sin,111π+=-=+n a a a n n ，记n S 为数列}{n a 的前n 项和，则=2014S A.1006 B.1007 C. 1008 D. 1009二、填空题本大题共5小题，考生作答4小题，每小题5分，满分20分。
2014年广州一模答案
3. For example, anyone who runs a red light will lose 6 points, compared to the previous 3 points punishment.
but also benefits their own happiness.
基础写作：
1. White tea, which gets its name from its silver-white color, is regarded as one of the six Chinese tea types.
4. Besides, those caught drunk driving will lose 12 points, which means taking a driving test again.
5. From my point of view, raising drivers’ awareness of traffic safety not only guarantees others’ lives
Actually, to be thrifty can be really simple. We can observe (遵守) the following ways in our everyday life, such as turning off lights when leaving the room, not using the air-conditioners if possible, bringing our water bottle from home rather than spending money on soft drinks, using public transports to avoid the traffic jam, ordering just enough food when eating and so on.
2014广州一模理综(物理)试题及详细答案答案(WORD版)
2014 广州一模试题及答案解析一．单选题13．用某色光照射金属表面时，有光电子从金属表面飞出，如果改用频率更大的光照射该金属表面，则A．金属的逸出功增大B．金属的逸出功减小C．光电子的最大初动能增大D．光电子的最大初动能不变答案：C，解析：根据k hγ =W + E ，材料的逸出功W不变，判断出选项C 正确。
14．如图是氢原子从n=3、4、5、6 能级跃迁到n=2 能级时辐射的四条光谱线，其中频率最大的是A．HαB．HβC．HγD．Hδ答案：D，解析：能量大的频率大，选项D 正确。
15．如图是荷质比相同的a、b 两粒子从O 点垂直匀强磁场进入正方形区域的运动轨迹，则A．a 的质量比易的质量大B．a 带正电荷、b 带负电荷C．a 在磁场中的运动速率比b 的大D．a 在磁场中的运动时间比b 的长答案：C，解析：根据a 的半径大，a 的速率大，所以选项C 正确。
16．如图是悬绳对称且长度可调的自制降落伞．用该伞挂上重为G 的物体进行两次落体实验，悬绳的长度l1<l2，匀速下降时每根悬绳的拉力大小分别为F1、F2，则A．F l<F2 B．F1>F2 C．F1=F2<G D．F1=F2>G答案：B二．双选题17．如图为某压力锅的结构简图．将压力阀套在出气孔上，给压力锅加热，在气体把压力阀顶起之前，锅内气体A．压强增大B．内能不变C．对外界做正功D．分子平均动能增大答案：AD，解析：根据PV=nRT，选项A 正确。
分子平均动能是温度T 的函数，选项D 正确。
18．如图，在绕地运行的天宫一号实验舱中，宇航员王亚平将支架固定在桌面上，摆轴末端用细绳连接一小球．拉直细绳并给小球一个垂直细绳的初速度，它做圆周运动．在a、b 两点时，设小球动能分别为E ka、E kb，细绳拉力大小分别为T a、T b，阻力不计，则A．E ka>E kb B．E ka=E kb C．T a>T b D．T a=T b答案：BD，解析：在完全失重的条件下，小球是漂在空中的，只有绳拉力提供向心力，选项BD 正确。
2014年广州一模试题及答案-推荐下载
广州市2014届普通高中毕业班综合测试（英语）Ⅰ语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）In America, if you are invited to a wedding, baby shower, bar mitzvah(成年礼)or other celebrations, you're expected to bring a gift. Usually, it should be modest in 1 , about$25.For a wedding, the bride will often have "registered" a list of gifts at a local department store, indicating the items she 2 ．When you buy a registered item, tell the store that you're doing this, so the couple doesn't receive the 3 gift twice. For a baby shower, bring a gift 4 for a newborn baby. For a bar mitzvah, bring a gift appropriate for a 13-year-old boy. Because they are such important occasions, gifts for bar mitzvahs tend to be more 5 , for example, a gold-plated pen. 6 the pen by carving the boy's full name will be appreciated.If you wish to give a gift to American friends, choose something that is 7 to your country. It needn't be valuable or 8 , just typical of your homeland. 9 include a book about your country, an inexpensive souvenir, or something else that reflects your 10 .Young children who like collecting will probably be very 11 with a set of your country's coins or stamps. Items that are 12 in your country but difficult to find abroad are also good.If staying with an American family, a good way of expressing your thanks is to take them to a form of 13 , such as a basketball game or a concert.When giving gifts to a business acquaintance, don't give anything too personal, 14 to a woman. A scarf or a hat is ok, but other types of 15 are not. Something appropriate for the office is best.1. A. size B. value C. weight D. appearance2. A. prefers B. owns C. uses D. imagines3. A. first B. best C. same D. similar4. A. general B. suitable C. demanding D. expensive5. A. modest B. cheerful C. normal D. formal6. A. Personalizing B. Replacing C. Designing D. Changing7. A. convenient B. appropriate C. unique D. beneficial8. A. colorful B. rare C. heavy D. nice9. A. Opportunities B. Expectations C. Inventions D. Possibilities10. A. character B. interest C. culture D. progress11. A. annoyed B. impressed C. amused D. puzzled12. A. limited B. banned C. common D. priceless13. A. education B. discussion C. exercise D. entertainment14. A. directly B. especially C. merely D. deliberately15. A. clothing B. perfume C. jewelry D. equipment笫二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）While thousands of college students headed for warm climates to enjoy sun and fun during their week off from classes, seven local students had other plans.The Northern Essex Community College( NECC) students and one of their teachers spent part of their spring break in New York City, helping repair an area 16. (destroy) by the hurricane.“I wanted to see for myself what happened,” said Terry. “I couldn't imagine 17. it is like to lose your home and everything that you know and the 18. (power) effect the hurricane had on those people. I wanted to do something, to understand their feeling ofhelplessness.” The group headed into Brooklyn's Red Hook district, which was hit hard by the hurricane. There they met people from other parts of the country, 19. had also volunteered to help. Together, those volunteers and the NECC students 20. (work) to clear rubbish out of a three-story building. They put on protective suits and gloves 21. they entered the building.Inside the building, the students saw nothing but broken walls and doors and pieces of the building 22. (lie) all over the place.The students returned to school with 23. sense of achievement, a feeling that 24.______ helped people in need. It was remarkable how a community lost so much and was still able to recover, and this left the deepest impression 25. the students.Ⅱ阋读(共两节,满分50分)第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）AI once met a well-known botanist at a dinner party. I had never talked with a botanist before, and I found him very interesting. I sat there absorbed and listened while he spoke of unusual plants and his experiments (he even told me astonishing facts about the simple potato). I had a small indoor garden of my own -- and he was good enough to tell me how to solve some of my problems.As I said, we were at a dinner party. There must have been a dozen other guests, but I broke an important rule of politeness. I ignored everyone else and talked for hours to the botanist.Midnight came. I said good night to everyone and departed. The botanist then turned to our host and said many nice things about me, including that I was a “most interesting conversationalist ”.An interesting conversationalist? I had said hardly anything at all. I couldn't have said anything if I had wanted to without changing the subject, for I didn't know any more about plants than I knew about sharks. But I had done this one thing: I had listened carefully. I listened because I was really interested. And he felt it. Naturally that pleased him. That kind of listening is one of the best ways to show respect to others, and it makes them feel great too. “Few human beings," wrote Jack Woodford in Strangers in Love "can resist the sweet effect of rapt attention.” I went even further than that. I was “sincere in my admiration and generous in my praise”.I told him that I had been hugely entertained and instructed. I told him I wished I had his knowledge. I told him that I should love to wander the fields with him. What's more, it was all true.And so I had him thinking of me as a good conversationalist when, in reality, I had only been a good listener and had encouraged him to talk.26. From Paragraph l, we can learn that the writer_________A. was deeply moved by the botanist's talkB. was amazed by what he was hearingC. was not in a comfortable situationD. behaved politely and properly27. Which of the following does the writer describe as a rule of politeness at dinner parties?A. Avoiding discussions about politics and religion.B. Listening carefully to what another guest says.C. Arriving and leaving at the appropriate time.D. Giving attention to all those in attendance.28. The underlined expression "rapt attention" in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to__________A. full understandingB. strong interestC. great uncertaintyD. little curiosity29. According to the writer, which of the following is an important characteristic of a good conversationalist?A. Listening attentively and encouraging the other side to continue.B. Encouraging the other side by sharing his/her own opinions.C. Promising a future meeting for more communication.D. Expressing respect by nodding his/her head.30. What is the purpose of the passage?A. To prove the writer is an interesting conversationalist.B. To share an interesting experience at a dinner party.C. To explain what makes a good conversationalist.D. To show that botanists can be really talkative.BA British dog-lover has invented a high-tech way of feeding his pet by Twitter(推特，流行社交网络)．Computer expert Nat Morris, 30, has designed a system to give his pet a "tweet treat" by sending him a Twitter message.His dog Toby: gets some delicious dog biscuits from a computer-controlled food machine whenever Nat sends a message to “@ feedtoby “.Nat often works away from home and isn't always able to feed Toby by hand. But his new invention allows Nat to feed his dog from anywhere in the world.Nat said, "Toby absolutely loves it. At first he didn't know what was going on. Now he sits underneath the machine, wagging his tail and waiting for the food to drop. "Nat fills the food machine with small pieces of dog biscuits, but not too many in case four-year-old Toby gets too many messages. And Nat has even equipped his house with an online camera so he can see Toby enjoying the food at his home.But one problem is that friends and family have been so amazed with the “tweet treat" machine that they have started sending tweets to Toby too. So Nat has had to restrict feeding time to make sure Toby doesn't turn into Tubby.“People have been sending him tweets at all hours of the day, so I had to limit it to between 9 a. m. and 9 p. m. I'm thinking of doing an updated one which can measure his weight before he is fed, just to make sure he's not putting on too much puppy fat, “explained Nat.How Nat's Twitter Feeder works:When a message is sent to @ feedtoby, it is received by a mini-computer that is linked to the food machine.When the mini-computer receives the message, a bell rings and Toby comes running over and sits in front of the feeding machine. Next, the machine's motor pulls open a trap door which releases a serving of food.The doggy biscuits then drop into Toby's food bowl. Finally a digital camera takes a photo of him and sends it back to Nat on Twitter - so he knows Toby has been fed.31. Nat has invented a high-tech way to feed his dog because he________.A. wants his friends to feed TobyB. has very strong computing skillsC. is often too busy to feed his dogD. doesn't like to feed Toby by hand32. Why has Nat decided to limit the feeding machine's operating time?A. He doesn't want Toby to get too fat.B. He fears the machine will run out of food.C. He wants his friends to stop feeding Toby.D. He doesn't want Toby to be woken up at night.33. It can be learned from the passage that Toby_________A. sits beneath his feeder all day longB. is now used to being fed by machineC. doesn't know what happens to the feederD. no longer receives tweets from Nat's friends34. Which of the following shows the correct order of how the Twitter Feeder works?a. The bell goes off.b. A message is sent to @ feedtoby.c. The mini-computer gets the message.d. The digital camera takes a photo of Toby and sends it to Nat.e. The motor starts to work and opens the door to release dog food.A. a, b, c, e, d.B. b, c, e, a, d.C. b, c, a, e, d.D. c, b, a, d, e35. In which section of the newspaper would you most probably find this passage?A. Technology.B. Health.C. Environment.D. Style.CNo one knows why we dream, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between dreams and better memory in people learning a new skill.So perhaps one way to learn something new is to practice, practice, practice -- and then sleep on it."I was very surprised by this finding,” said Robert Stickgold, a Harvard University scientist who led the study.In the study, 100 college students each spent an hour on a computer, trying to get through amaze (谜宫). The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start from a different place each time they tried -- making it even more difficult.Then, for the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants were required to stay awake while half were asked to sleep. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who slept were asked to describe any dream they had.Stickgold and his colleagues wanted to know about NREM, or non-REM sleep. REM stands for “rapid eye movement, “which is what happens during REM sleep. This period of sleep often brings strange dreams to a sleeper, although dreams can happen in both kinds of sleep. Stickgold wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren't moving, during NREM sleep. Other studies have found a connection between NREM brain activity and learning ability.Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were about the maze. Later, when these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to complete it faster.Stickgold believes the dream itself doesn't help a person learn -- it's the other way around. He suspects that such dreams are caused by the brain processes associated with learning.All the maze-dreamers had done the task poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the NREM dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people who didn't sleep, didn't show the same improvement.36. In the first stage of the study, the participants were asked to________A. design a maze on computerB. find their way out of a mazeC. decide where to begin a mazeD. remember a location in a maze37. What happened to the participants during the break?A. Half of them were woken up when they started to dream.B. Half of them were asked to dream about the maze.C. All of them were asked to describe their thoughts.D. Half of them were asked to sleep for 90 minutes.38. What can we learn from the passage?A. Everyone will dream about a new skill after learning it.B. Stickgold was the first to study dreams and learning.C. During NREM sleep, people usually don't dream.D. Unusual dreams often occur during REM sleep.39. According to the last paragraph, before sleeping the maze-dreamers________A. found it difficult to do the mazeB. were greatly interested in the mazeC. were mostly slow and poor thinkersD. completed the maze faster than others40. Which of the following statements best summarizes the study's conclusion?A. Dreams have a role in learning.B. Dreams have no basis in reality.C. Dreams are important for health.D. Dreams are the best way to study.DThe recent publication of autobiographies by two of Britain's greatest scientists, biologist Richard Dawkins and physicist Stephen Hawking is a wonderful opportunity to compare and contrast these two remarkable men. Surprisingly, they have rather more in common than we think.Most striking is the similarity in their backgrounds. They were born in the early 1940s to middle class families -- not wealthy but comfortably off, with a strong commitment to academic excellence and public service. Both families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University --and both succeeded, Dawkins studying zoology and Hawking physics.Neither man has a very positive view of his early university life. Hawking describes the attitude at Oxford in the 1950s and 1960s as very anti-work, "You were supposed to either be brilliant without effort or fail. Hard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for. “He estimates that he studied for no more than an hour a day as an undergraduate student (本科生).Undergraduate life was somewhat more rewarding for Dawkins. Like Hawking, he wasn't particularly hard-working and never attended his lectures. But he found Oxford's system of weekly essay-based lessons with an academic tutor useful, "It was really only the tutorial system that educated me.”For both men, scientific life really got going as postgraduates after 1962. Dawkins, who remained at Oxford, describes brilliantly the academic competition among the postgraduate students, which he believed helped push him to develop the ideas that formed the basis of his most famous book, The Selfish Gene. This volume transformed scientific thinking about Darwinian evolution.Hawking, on the other hand, moved to Cambridge University after graduation, where his research into the universe would eventually make him the most famous physicist since Albert Einstein. He writes movingly about the disease which progressively crippled his entire body, leaving him unable to move and only able to communicate using a computer controlled by his eyes.Although communication is slow - he can write only 3 words a minute using the machine - his illness has not affected his mind or his research on space-time and the origins of the universe.Each book is recommended individually as a personal introduction to an important scientific thinker. Read together, they provide a superb background to the academic and social climate of postwar British research.41. Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawking's and Dawkins' backgrounds?A. They were both from wealthy families.B. They studied the same subject in university.C. They graduated from the same secondary school.D. They both came from families that valued good education.42. Why did Hawking study very little as an undergraduate student?A. He preferred doing his own research and experiments.B. Students considered it inappropriate to study too much.C. The materials discussed in lectures were very easy for him.D. He was more interested in making friends with his classmates.43. According to Dawkins, what helped him develop his most important ideas?A. His hard work as an undergraduate.B. The support he received from his family.C. The excellent tutors at Oxford University.D. The competition from other postgraduate students.44. What can we reasonably infer about the two scientists from the passage?A. Dawkins worked much harder than Hawking as an undergraduate.B. Hawking is more respected by the scientific community.C. They knew each other during their studies at Oxford.D. Hawking has experienced more physical difficulties.45. What is the function of the last paragraph?A. To state which book the writer prefers.B. To recommend the reviewed books to readers.C. To summarize the achievements of the two scientists.D. To suggest the order in which the books should be read.笫二节信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
2014年广一模英语参考答案
2014广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）参考答案完形填空1-5 BACBD 6-10 ACBDC 11-15 BCDBA语法填空16. destroyed 17. what 18. powerful 19. who 20. worked21. before 22. lying 23. a 24. they 25. on阅读理解26-30 BDBAC 31-35 CABCA 36-40 BDDAA 41-45 DBDDB信息匹配46-50 BACFE基础写作（满分15分）White Tea, which gets its name from its silver-colour, is regarded as one of the six major Chinese tea types. Dating back to the Beisong Dynasty, White Tea has a long history and it is mainly grown in Fujian and Taiwan. White Tea is famous for its beautiful silver-needle-like shape, its sweat taste and its medicinal effects. The longer it is preserved, the better effect it has. White Tea is good for health if drunk frequently and can be used in preventing diseases like high blood pressure and helping relieve the pain of toothache and fever.读写任务（满分25分）概括要点：1. family never liked to waste money;2. …was deeply in debt;3. being thrifty is being smart with your money… find ways to do everything for less.第二部分：1. 对节俭的理解；2. 对节俭的重要性的论述；3. 就生活中如何做到节俭提出建议。
2014广州广铁一中一模语文
广州市铁一中学2014学年第二学期初三语文试题本试卷共10页，分三部分，共23小题。
全卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
第一部分积累与运用（共34分）一、基础知识及运用（6小题，共19分）1．下列各项中字词的音、形全都正确的一项是（）（3分）A. 慰藉．（jiè）孱．弱（cán）周道如底如坐针毡B. 胚．芽（pī）佝偻．（lóu）断壁残桓海市蜃楼C. 差．使（chāi）黏．膜（niān）折衷事非有例可援D. 抽噎．（yē）荫．庇（yìn）一泻千里吹毛求疵2．选出下列各句中加点的成语使用不恰当的一项( ) (3分)A．如今的珠江新城，交通四通八达，高楼鳞次栉比．．．．，人民安居乐业。
B．青年人要多读书，勤思考，并以积极的姿态投身沸沸扬扬．．．．的新生活。
C．季羡林先生学富五车，著作等身．．．．，是世人敬仰的“学界泰斗”。
D．南通拥有红木雕刻、板鹞风筝等一大批令人叹为观止．．．．的传统工艺品。
3．下列文句的空缺处，依次填入的词语恰当的一组是( ) （3分）①童话色彩只是《格列佛游记》的表面特征，尖锐而的讽刺才是其灵魂所在。
②光未然的《黄河颂》，通过歌颂黄河，表达了中华民族顽强奋斗的精神与不屈的意志，对于不愿做亡国奴的炎黄子孙来说，极富性，使人涌起一股誓死保卫祖国的万丈豪情。
A．深沉煽动情不自禁B．深刻煽动忍俊不禁C．深沉鼓动忍俊不禁D．深刻鼓动情不自禁4．下列句子没有语病的一项是：( )（3分）A．从这件事中，我不仅重新认识到学习，而且收获了一份友谊。
B．在学习与不学习这两条路该面临我们抉择时，有人选择了学习。
C．图书馆是文化积淀的载体、知识的殿堂和信息的集散地。
D．我国将加强对城市规则的调控，完善和建立城市建设引导体系。
5．将下列选项依次填入文段的空缺处，正确的选项是（）(3分) 你的话语应该是一缕饱含早春气息的柔风，；你的表白应该是田野爆裂的豆荚，；你的辩答应该是凭借原则的盾牌，；你的呐喊应该是仰仗正义的力量，。
年广州一模语文卷与答案
2014年广州市普通高中毕业班综合测试（一）语文本试卷共8页，24小题，满分为150分。
考试用时150分钟。
注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必用2B铅笔在“考生号”处填涂考生号。
用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己所在的市、县／区、学校以及自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4．作答选做题时，请先用2B铅笔填涂选做题的题组号对应的信息点，再作答。
漏涂、错涂、多涂的，答案无效。
5．考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、本大题4小题，每题3分，共12分。
1．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不相同的一组是A．箴言／斟酌国粹／仓猝复辟／开天辟地B．撰写／编纂贬谪／嫡系冠名／冠冕堂皇C．对峙／嗜好竣工／疏浚提防／提心吊胆D．清澈／掣肘粗犷／旷达识别／博闻强识2.下面语段中画线的词语，使用不恰当的一项是近几年，国内许多风景名胜区实行“一票制”，将景区内多个景点门票捆绑搭售。
这种做法引起了人们的置疑和不满，许多游客认为这是变相涨价。
一个知名景区要可持续发展，首先必须赢得游客的口碑，如果过分依赖“门票经济”做“一锤子买卖”，对游客的意见充耳不闻，一意孤行，一旦引起游客的反感乃至抵触，就可能造成难以挽回的损失。
A．置疑B．一锤子买卖C．充耳不闻D．乃至3.下列句子中，没有语病的一句是A．著名作家村上春树连续五年排在诺贝尔文学奖获奖预测名单榜首，却年年与该奖无缘，可以堪称诺贝尔文学奖史上“最悲壮的入围者”。
B．广州恒大足球队首次参加“世俱杯”比赛，与非洲、欧洲和南美洲的冠军同场竞技，在收获自信的同时也看到了与世界强队的差距。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
各区一模23题（从化）23．(12分) 已知在Rt △ABC 中，∠C=90°，AC=BC=2．将一块等腰直角三角板的直角顶点放在斜边AB 的中点P 处，将三角板绕点P 旋转，三角板的两直角边分别交线段AC 、CB 于D 、E 两点．如图9(1)(2)是旋转三角板得到的图形中的两种情况．（1）如图9(1)，三角板绕点P 旋转，当PD ⊥AC 时，求证：PD=PE ．当PD 与AC 不垂直时，如图9(2)，PD=PE还成立吗？并证明你结论．（2）如图9(2)，三角板绕点P 旋转，当△PEB 成为等腰三角形时，求CE 的长．（海鸥）23. （12分）工匠制作某种金属工具要进行材料煅烧和锻造两个工序，即需要将材料煅烧到800℃，然后停止煅烧进行锻造操作．经过8min 时，材料温度降为600℃．煅烧时，温度y （℃）与时间x （min ）成一次函数关系；锻造时，温度y （℃）与时间x （min ）成反比例函数关系（如图）．已知该材料初始温度是32℃．（1）分别求出材料煅烧和锻造时y 与x 的函数关系式，并且写出自变量x 的取值范围；（2）根据工艺要求，当材料温度低于480℃时，须停止操作，那么锻造的操作时间有多长？（象骏）23、（12分）如图，在△ABC 中，∠BAC=90°，AB=AC ，AB 是⊙O 的直径，⊙O 交BC 于点D ，DE ⊥AC 于点E ，BE 交⊙O 于点F ，连接AF ，AF 的延长线交DE 于点P ．（1）求证：DE 是⊙O 的切线；（2）求tan ∠ABE 的值；（3）若OA=2，求线段AP 的长．图9（1） 图9（2）（洛浦）23．（12分）如图，直线l ：y=x+1与x 轴、y 轴分别交于A 、B 两点，点C 与原点O 关于直线l 对称．反比例函数y=的图象经过点C ，点P 在反比例函数图象上且位于C 点左侧，过点P 作x 轴、y 轴的垂线分别交直线l 于M 、N 两点．（1）求反比例函数的解析式；（2）求AN •BM 的值．（石基四中）23．（12分）如图，将一矩形OABC 放在直角坐标系中，O 为坐标原点，点A 在y 轴正半轴上，24OA OC ==，，过点E 的反比例函数k y x=（x >0）的图象与边BC 交于点F ．（1）若△OAE 的面积为1，求反比例函数的解析式；（2）若点E 是边AB 上的一个动点（不与点A B 、重合），当点E 运动到什么位置时，四边形OAEF 的面积最大，其最大值为多少？（富丽）23、（12分）我校为落实市教育局提出的“全员育人，创办特色学校”的会议精神，决心打造“书香校园”，计划用不超过1900本科技类书籍和1620本人文类书籍，组建中、小型两类图书角共30个.已知组建一个中型图书角需科技类书籍80本，人文类书籍50本；组建一个小型图书角需科技类书籍30本，人文类书籍60本．（1）符合题意的组建方案有几种？请你帮学校设计出来；（2）若组建一个中型图书角的费用是860元，组建一个小型图书角的费用是570元，试说明（1）中哪种方案费用最低，最低费用是多少元？第23题图（祈福）23．（12分）某文具店准备购进甲，乙两种钢笔，若购进甲种钢笔100支，乙种钢笔50支，需要1000元，若购进甲种钢笔50支，乙种钢笔30支，需要550元．（1）求购进甲，乙两种钢笔每支各需多少元？（2）若该文具店准备拿出1000元全部用来购进这两种钢笔，考虑顾客需求，要求购进甲中钢笔的数量不少于乙种钢笔数量的6倍，且不超过乙种钢笔数量的8倍，那么该文具店共有几种进货方案？（3）若该文具店销售每支甲种钢笔可获利润2元，销售每支乙种钢笔可获利润3元，在第（2）问的各种进货方案中，哪一种方案获利最大？最大利润是多少元？（化龙）23．两个反比例函数y=kx和y=1x在第一象限内的图像如图3所示，•点P在y=kx的图像上，PC⊥x轴于点C，交y=1x的图像于点A，PD⊥y轴于点D，交y=1x的图像于点B，•当点P在y=kx的图像上运动时，以下结论：（1）计算△OCA的面积；（2）四边形PAOB的面积是否为定值，若是，请计算出它的值，若不是，请说明理由。
（黄埔）23．恒信专卖店专销某品牌钮扣电池，进价l2元／粒，售价20元／粒．为了促销,专卖店决定凡是一次性买10粒以上的，每多买一粒，单价就降低O.10元(例如．某人一次性买20粒，则每粒降价O.10×(20-10)=1元,就可以按19元／粒的价格购买，20粒只需380元购买)，但是最低售价为16元／粒．设每一次性卖出x粒电池，商店的利润为y元．（1）请分段写出y与x的函数关系式；（2）有一天，一位顾客买了46粒，另一位顾客买了50粒，专卖店发现卖50粒反而比卖46粒赚的钱少，为了使每次卖的多赚钱也多,在其他促销条件不变的情况下,最低售价16元／粒至少要提高到多少?为什么?参考答案（从化）23．解：（1）∵∠C=90°，AC=BC ，P 是AB 中点，∴∠A=∠B=45°, AP=PB ，，∵PD ⊥AC,PD ⊥PE∵∠ADP =∠PEB=90°，∴△ADP ≌△PEB ，∴PD=PE ． ………………………………………………2分当PD 与AC 不垂直时PD=PE 依然成立．………………3分证明：连接PC ，∵△ABC 是等腰直角三角形，P 是AB 中点，∴CP=PB ，CP ⊥AB ，∠ACP=21∠ACB=45°， 即∠ACP=∠B=45° ……………………………4分∵∠DPC+∠CPE=∠BPE+∠CPE=90°，∴∠DPC=∠BPE ，∴△PCD ≌△PBE ，……………………………5分∴PD=PE ．………………………………………6分（2）分三种情况讨论如下：①当PE=PB ，点C 与点E 重合，即CE=0． …………………8分②当PE=BE 时，CE=1． ………………………………………10分③当BE=PB 时，CE=2 ………………………………………12分（海鸥）23. （1）设反比例函数为y=k x，把点C （8，600）代入得 k =4800 ∴反比例函数为y =4800x若y =800时，x=6 ∴B （6，800） 又设一次函数为y =ax ＋b ，把A （0，32），B （6，800）代入得326800b a b =⎧⎨+=⎩ ∴32128b a =⎧⎨=⎩∴一次函数关系式是y =128x ＋32 ∴所求的函数关系式是y =128324800x x+⎧⎪⎨⎪⎩ （2）在反比例函数y =4800x中，当y =480时 x =10 ∴锻造的操作时间是：10－6=4(min)(0≤x ≤6) (x ＞6)ABE=，=，AP==∴tan ∠ABE==； （3）解：∵AB 是⊙∴∠AFB=90°， ∴∠ABF+∠FAB=90° （洛浦）23、解：（1）连接AC ，BC ，由题意得：四边形AOBC 为正方形，对于一次函数y=x+1，令x=0，求得：y=1；令y=0，求得：x=﹣1， ∴OA=OB=1，∴C （﹣1，1），将C （﹣1，1）代入y=得：1=，即k=﹣1， 则反比例函数解析式为y=﹣；（2）过M 作ME ⊥y 轴，作ND ⊥x 轴，设P （a ，﹣），可得ND=﹣，ME=|a|=﹣a ，∵△AND 和△BME 为等腰直角三角形， ∴AN=×（﹣）=﹣，BM=﹣a ， 则AN •BM=﹣•（﹣a ）=2． （石基四中）23．解：（1）∵在矩形ABCD 中，∠OAE ＝90°，∵122121=⨯=⋅=∆AE AE OA S OAE ∴AE ＝1即点E 的坐标为（1，2）∵点E 在反比例函数x k y =上， 把E （1，2）代入x k y =得， ∴221=⨯=⋅=y x k第23题图（2）∵四边形OABC 为矩形，24OA OC ==， 设(2)(4)24k k E F ，，，．4224k k BE BF ∴=-=-，． 211(4)(2)422416BEF k k S k k ∴=--=-+△． 14248242OCF OABC k k S S =⨯⨯=⨯=△矩形，=， 22218(4)162141621(4)516BEF OCFOABC OAEF S S S S k k k k k k ∴=--=--+-=-++=--+△△矩形四边形．∴当4k =时，52OAEF S AE ∴=四边形=，． 当点E 运动到AB 的中点时，四边形OAEF 的面积最大，最大值是5．（富丽）23、（1）设组建中型图书角x 个，则组建小型图书角为（30-x ）个．由题意，得 ……… 1分⎩⎨⎧≤-+≤-+16203060501900303080）（）（x x x x ……………………………………4分 解这个不等式组，得18≤x ≤20． ……………6分由于x 只能取整数，∴x 的取值是18，19，20． ……………7分当x =18时，30-x =12；当x =19时，30-x =11；当x =20时，30-x =10． ……………8分故有三种组建方案：方案一，中型图书角18个，小型图书角12个；方案二，中型图书 角19个，小型图书角11个；方案三，中型图书角20个，小型图书角10个． …9分（2）方案一的费用是：860×18+570×12=22320（元）；方案二的费用是：860×19+570×11=22610（元）；方案三的费用是：860×20+570×10=22900（元）．故方案一费用最低，最低费用是22320元． ………………12分或方法二：设费用为y 元，依题意得y=860x +570(30-x ) …………………10分=860x +17100-570x=290x +17100∵y 随x 的增大而增大，∴当x =18时y 有最小值22320元。
…………………12分，（化龙）答案：（1）△OCA 的面积为0.5，（2）四边形PAOB 的面积为定值，定值是K-1。
（黄埔）23．(1)当0<x ≤10,且x 是整数时, x y 8= ……2分当lO<x ≤50时，且x 是整数时，.91.02x x y +-=……4分当x >50时，且x 是整数时，x y 4=……6分(2)利润5.202)45(91.022+--=+-=x x x y ，由二次函数图象可，当450≤<x 时，y 随x 的增大而增大．且当45=x 时达到最大值，当45>x 时，y 随x 的增大而减小．因为需要卖的越多赚的越多，即需要y 随x 的增大而增大． ，此时x ≤45，即最低售价为20-0.1(45-10)=16.5（元）……12分。