名家资料英文介绍：奥斯卡·王尔德 Oscar Wilde
王尔德
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奥斯卡·王尔德百科名片奥斯卡·王尔德奥斯卡·王尔德（Oscar Wilde）生于1854年，卒于1900年，为剧作家、诗人、散文家，19世纪与萧伯纳齐名的英国才子。
他的戏剧、诗作、小说则留给后人许多惯用语，如：活得快乐，就是最好的报复。
中文名：奥斯卡·王尔德外文名：Oscar Wilde别名：奥斯卡·怀尔德国籍：英国出生地：爱尔兰都柏林出生日期：1854年10月16日逝世日期：1900年11月30日职业：艺术剧作家毕业院校：都柏林圣三一学院主要成就：英国唯美主义艺术运动的倡导者代表作品：小说《道林·格雷的画像》;骇世之作《狱中记》最为著名。
人物生平王尔德王尔德奥斯卡·王尔德，全名奥斯卡·芬葛·欧佛雷泰·威尔斯·王尔德。
（OscarFingal O‟Flahertie Wills Wilde )1854年10月16日—1900年11月30日）（又译奥斯卡·怀尔德）英国唯美主义艺术运动的倡导者，英国著名的作家、诗人、戏剧家、艺术家.童话家。
《典雅》杂志将他和安徒生相提并论。
王尔德生于爱尔兰都柏林的一个家世卓越的家庭，是家中的次子。
他的父亲威廉姆·怀尔德爵士是一个外科医生，他的母亲是一位诗人与作家。
王尔德自幼便显示很高的天赋，他精通法语、德语和古典文学。
王尔德自都柏林圣三一学院（Trinity College）毕业后，获得奖学金，于1874年进入牛津大学莫德林学院(Magdalen College)学习。
在牛津，王尔德受到了沃尔特·佩特及约翰·拉斯金的审美观念影响，并接触了新黑格尔派哲学、达尔文进化论和拉斐尔前派的作品，这为他之后成为唯美主义先锋作家确立了方向。
在出版首本《诗集》后，他在文坛开始崭露头角，并来到伦敦发展。
奥斯卡王尔德的英文介绍和感想
The Happy Prince ---- Oscar Wilde In order to write this repot, I found some information of the artists in the text book. I thought that you told us don’t choose the artist we already know very well, so I considered maybe I can choose an artist I am not familiar with and I am interested in at the same time. So, I found an artist I thought I don’t know him but I actually read his fairy tale when I was a little girl, and when today I search his material, I notice a sayings of him,”Have a happy life, is a best revenge. ” He is Oscar Wilde.When I was a child, I read many book, like every child, I love fairy tale, including The Happy Prince. I love this prince, he has a noble heart. He had a perfect appearance which every people admired, but he watched people suffering sick and poor every day. So he was very sad. One day, a swallow came and want to stay a night in his body, but it found the prince was cried, and then the swallow promised the prince that it will help him to help people, it picked out the great ruby from the Prince's sword, and flew away with it in his beak over the roofs of the town. Again and again, the prince became an ugly statue; the swallow also wasn’t going to Egypt with its family. Finally, the prince was pulled down, and the kind and faithful swallow dead on his foot. The prince’s heart and the dead swallow’s body were brought to the heaven by angle, theywill accompany god forever.I ever cried for the prince’s d fate, he is so kind and so warm-hearted; he want people have not to suffer hungry and poor. And the poor swallow; it could fly to Egypt and have fun with his relatives and friends. But I finally understand them, Prince love people, people have happy life, then he could be happy; the swallow is the prince’s friend and love him very much, it was willing to help him and accompany him forever, its friend. Now I grew up, I went through many things, I am 21 years old. Today I back to read this story, I felt sad. When I was young, I thought help others are a thing we should do, and I thought friend should be faithful. But these years, too many experience told me this world is not like a fairy tale, people is not always good. So I admire the prince has a pure and virtuous heart, and a friend won’t lose forever. I want to become a nice person just like him.Read this story again made me know Oscar Wilde again. As a youngster, Oscar Wilde was born in a brilliant family. His father is a doctor, and his mother is a poet and a write. He stood out among the Victorian dramatists especially.After being educated in Trinity College, Dublin, he attended Magdalene College, Oxford, where he won the new iGATE Prize for English Verse; he took a First Class degree in Classics in spite of areputation for idleness. At Oxford, Oscar Wilde was affect by aesthetic innovators such as English writers Walter Pater and John Ruskin.In 1881, Oscar Wilde published first book，a collection of poems. A year later, Wilde went to New York on a successful lecture tour, where his first plays, Vera. The Nihilists (1882) and The Duchess of Padua (1891), a blank verse tragedy, were produced yet without much success. After returning to England he settled in London and married a wealthy Irish woman, Constance Mary Lloyd, with whom he had two sons. Thereafter he devoted himself only to writing. Oscar Wilde published two collections of fairy tales The Happy Prince and Other Tales (1888), and A House of Pomegranates (1892), a group of short stories Lord Arthur Seville’s Crime (1891), and a melodramatic tale, his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray (1891). He ultimately achieved fame with a succession of comedies, beginning with Lady Winderm ere’s Fan (1892), produced at the St James’s Theatre by George Alexander, and following up with A Woman of No Importance(1893) and An Ideal Husband (1895), both seen at the Haymarket Theatre. His most characteristic play, The Importance of Being Earnest (also 1895) was seen at the St James’s, which proved the most successful. Fewcomedies of the English stage had such wit, elegance, and theatrical dexterity.Oscar Wilde’s last play, the poetic one-act Salome, written in French, was banned by the censor in England and was first seen privately in London in 1905. Wilde also left an unfinished one-act play, A Florentine Tragedy which was later completed by Surge Moore and produced in London in 1906.In 1895, London witnessed Oscar Wilde’s tragic downfall at the peak of his career. Wilde became a central figure in one of the most sensational court trials of London. He was accused of homosexuality by the Marquis of Queensbury, father of Wilde’s close friend, Lord Alfred Douglas. Wilde was convicted of homosexual offenses and sentenced to two years of hard labor in prison. At the time as a prisoner, he composed De Prefunds (From the Depths, 1905), and a poem T- (1898). Financially bankrupt, ruined in health and spiritually downcast, Wilde left prison in 1897 and spent the rest of his life in Paris, using a pseudonym Sebastian Mammoth. Later on, Wilde died in Paris on November 30, 1900.Wilde was well-known as an Irish-born playwright, novelist, essayist and poet. He is a great writer, and he left a lot of valuable spiritual wealth for people. He was brave in struggle for his happiness, and he dared to be not like most people. He’s just like ahappy prince, left happiness for people. He ever said, “I don’t want to earn my living; I want to live.”“To love one self is the beginning of a lifelong romance.” I like this happy prince. I love his bravery, his brilliance, and his optimistic attitude of life.。
Oscar Wilde
---- Oscar Wilde奥斯卡·王尔德（Oscar Wilde, 1854－1900），出生于爱尔兰都柏林市，先后在都柏林三一学院和牛津大学学习。
他是19世纪唯美主义在英国的代言人，“为艺术而艺术”的倡导者，认为生活是丑恶的，只有美才具有永恒的价值。
王尔德的唯美主义作品主要有小说《道林·格雷的画像》（The Picture of Dorian Gray，1891）和诗剧《莎乐美》（Salome, 1893）。
从19世纪90年代起王尔德开始创作风俗喜剧，获得极大成功，把英国戏剧复兴推向一个高潮。
他的剧作《温德米尔夫人的扇子》（Lady Windermere's Fan, 1892）、《一个无足轻重的女人》（A Woman of No Importance, 1893）、《理想的丈夫》（An Ideal Husband, 1895）、《名叫认真的重要性》（The Importance of Being Earnest, 1895）等都广受欢迎。
此外，他的诗作和童话故事也得到读者的喜爱。
事业如日中天时，王尔德因与他人的情感纠纷入狱服苦役两年。
监狱生活毁了他的健康，除了《里丁狱之歌》（The Ballad of Reading Gaol, 1898）外，他再无其他杰作问世。
1900年1月30日王尔德孤独地死在法国巴黎。
王尔德的作品早在“五·四”运动前就被介绍到中国来，在我国文学近代化过程中起过一定推进作用Sample paragraphs: HIGH above the city, on a tall column, stood the statue of the Happy Prince. He was gilded all over with thin leaves of fine gold, for eyes he had two bright sapphires, and a large red ruby glowed on his sword-hilt.快乐王子的雕像耸立在城里一个高高的柱子上。
Oscar Wilde(奥斯卡 王尔德)
• Wilde full confidence and extraordinary talent, though his old age is very down and out, but his artistic achievements still makes him the world's classic artists. His fairy tale also won the readers the favor Wilde and therefore known as the “fairy tale prince.”
Oscar Wilde's sayings
王尔德语录
love
• The only difference between a caprice(随意) and a life-long passion is that the caprice lasts a little longer. • 逢场作戏和终身不渝之间的区别只在于逢场作戏稍微长一些。 • When one is in love, one always begins by ving one’s self, and one always ends by deceiving others. • 恋爱总是以自欺开始，以欺人结束。 • The very essence of romance is uncertainty. • 浪漫的精髓就在于它充满种种可能。
• Wilde lived through legend（传奇）, because the gay lover Alfred Douglas (Lord Alfred Douglas) for up to four years in prison contacts were reported. Left England to settle in France after his release until November 30, 1900 due to meningitis（脑膜炎） in Paris hotel Alsace (Alsace) died.
王尔德和伍尔夫的中英简介
价
评
历
史 王尔德的一生似乎就是一个巨大 的悖论。他是一个集天使与魔鬼 于一身的矛盾人物。既世故又纯 洁；既虚伪又真实。
在鲁迅眼里，他属 于异域“世纪末的 果汁”中的一份
他被誉为“才 子和戏剧家”
他曾说过：“我不想谋生，我想生活。”想生活， 就得谋生。同理，想真实就必须虚伪。他一面在 取悦上流社会，一边又在讽刺上流社会
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品
展 示
戏剧作品：
著名童话：
长篇小说的创作源头
《道林·格雷的画像》契机缘于王尔德有
天拜访了一位名老画家，画家的男模特长 得很年轻漂亮，于是王尔德忍不住感叹： “可惜了，这样美丼的生物，还是有衰老 的一天。” 。
画家答道：是啊，如果能让画中的他代替他老去 就好了。”后来王尔德便创作了小说《道林·格 雷的画像》，王尔德为了感谢这位画家，便将小 说中的画家以他的名字命名
奥斯卡· 王尔德 Oscar Wilde
介 紹 人 物
製作人：
張珊 倪雯 肖茹
托马斯· 乌尔夫 Thomas Wolfe
周怡
朱侯 李寶健
人
物
简
介
奥斯卡· 王尔德Oscar Wilde
1854~1900，19世纪 爱尔兰最伟大的作家与艺 术家之一，以其剧作、诗歌、童话和小说闻名 是19世纪80年代美学运动的主力和90年 代颓废派运动的先驱。
建立起以享乐主义为基础的唯美主义思 想，并成为了英国唯美主义的代表物
英文介绍
1854 ~ 1900), in the 19th century Ireland one of the greatest writers and artists, is known for its plays, poetry, novels and fairy tales. Established on the basis of the hedonism of aestheticism, and became the representative of aestheticism, is the main aesthetic movement in the 1880 s and 90 s decadent movement pioneer.
Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡·王尔德
Statue of Oscar Wilde in Merrion Square, Dublin. The materials are granite, green nephrite jade, white jadeite an d thulite.
Trinity College, Dublin
Oscar Wilde was born at 21 Westland Row, Dublin (now home of the Oscar Wilde Centre, Trinity College), the second of three children born to Sir William Wilde and Jane Wilde, two years behind William ("Willie"). Wilde's mother, under the pseudonym "Speranza" (the Italian word for 'Hope'), wrote poetry for the revolutionary Young Irelanders in 1848 and was a lifelongIrish nationalist. She read the Young Irelanders' poetry to Oscar and Willie, inculcating a love of these poets in her sons. Lady Wilde's interest in the neo-classical revival showed in the paintings and busts of ancient Greece and Rome in her home. William Wilde was Ireland's leading otoophthalmologic (ear and eye) surgeon and was knighted in 1864 for his services as medical adviser and assistant commissioner to the censuses of Ireland. He also wrote books about Irish archaeology and peasant folklore.
王尔德
thank you，么 么哒_(:з」∠)_
1854~1900
都柏林圣三一学院
王 尔 德每 个
圣 人 都 有 过 去 ， 每 个 罪 人 都 有 未 来
王尔德与童话
· 《快乐王子和其他故事》 （The Happy Prince and Other Tales，1888年）
——
· 《石榴屋》（A House of
Pomegranates，1891年）
在王尔德服刑期间，妻子康斯坦斯与两个 样“ 孩子改姓为荷兰德(Holland)，移居意大利， 子 我 ” 而他社交界和文学界的大多数朋友都对他 爱 避之唯恐不及。只有寥寥数人如剧作家萧 他 ， 伯纳仍挺身维护他。王尔德入狱之后，囚 是 衣蔽体，心生绝望，“我恨不得死了才 因 好”。而王尔德入狱快一年了，在监狱外 为 他 胡天胡地的波西却始终没有去看望过王尔 像 德一次，甚至没有想起给他写去一封慰问 爱 情 的信件。 本 但1897年获释后，阿尔弗莱德· 道格 身 拉斯却主动来和他见面，表示想与王尔德 应 有 重修旧好，王尔德最终还是选择了道格拉 的 斯，1898年王尔德与道格拉斯同游意大
“ 我
们 都 在 阴 沟 里 ， 但 仍 有 人 仰 望 星 空 ”
We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking at the stars.
一百多年后的这个夏天，在巴黎东南的拉雪慈公 墓里。我站在奥斯卡的墓前，看着一个金发的小姑娘 涂上口红，在他早已印满红色吻痕的墓座上献上又一 个鲜红的吻。和他的坟墓在一起的，还有莫里哀和巴 尔扎克，他们的坟墓如此清冷，鲜花寥寥。这也让我 觉得，奥斯卡这一生，并非总是爱人而不得吧。
王尔德与挚爱阿尔弗莱
英语文学-Oscar-Wilde-奥斯卡-王尔德介绍
Main works 主要作品
• Novels 小说
The Picture of Dorian Gray(道林·格雷的画像)
• Fairy tales 童话
The happy prince（快乐王子） The nightingale and the rose（夜莺与蔷薇） The selfish Giant（自私的巨人） The fisherman and his soul（渔人和他的灵魂） The star-child（星孩）
• In theory, Oscar Wilde reconsiders the relation between art and life. Inheriting Gautiers’ view “art for art’s sake”（为艺术而艺术）, he advocates that life is the imitation of art, which can be seen in the preface of his book The picture of Dorian Gray as “All art is quite useless”.
Life & Works
Life
• Introduction • Sexuality
Introduction 生平
• Oscar Wilde (1854 – 1900) was an Irish writer and poet. After writing in different forms throughout the 1880s, he became one of London's most popular playwrights in the early 1890s. Todpigrams（名言）, plays and the circumstances of his imprisonment, followed by his early death.
奥斯卡王尔德英文简介
奥斯卡王尔德英文简介导读：本文是关于奥斯卡王尔德英文简介，希望能帮助到您！奥斯卡·王尔德简介Oscar Wilde (1854 ~ 1900), born in the 19th century in the UK (in the case of Ireland, but then ruled by the British.) One of the greatest writers and artists, with his plays, poetry, fairy tales and fiction famous. Aestheticist figures, the main body of the aesthetic movement of the 1880s and the pioneers of the 90's decadent movement.奥斯卡·王尔德人物生平Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, a family of outstanding family, is the second son of the family. His father, Sir William Wilde, was a surgeon whose mother was a poet and writer.In 1864, Oscar Wilde was at the Royal College of putuo in the house of Ennis, and was not particularly popular among the boys. During school, he loves flowers, sunset and Greek literature. Although the teacher was often dismissed as lazy, but he was in the last year of this school is still on behalf of classical literature achievements of the best honor of the Toro Gold Medal.In 1871, the Dublin Trinity College Scholarship was awarded at the age of 17. He met professor Mahaffi at this school, and the professor had a considerable influence on Wilde's life. Many yearslater, he recalled that Mahafir was "a very talkative person, an artist who was good at using eloquence and vivid words.After graduating from Trinity College in Dublin, Wilde received a full scholarship from the University of Oxford at Magdalen College in 1874. In Oxford, Wilde was influenced by Walter pate and John Raskin's aesthetic ideas and touched on the New Hegelian philosophy, Darwinian theory of evolution and the pre-Raphaelite work, which became a pioneer of his aestheticism The writer established the direction. After the publication of the first "poem", he began to emerge in the literary world, and came to London development. Although the young Wilde has not yet received a literary award, but the clothing eye-catching, talk wit, maverick in London social circles have been a minor celebrity, some magazines and even published his satirical article.In 1875, Wilde traveled to Italy during the summer vacation and wrote one of the early poems "San Miniato", "San Miniato"), but this poem was published only a few years later. In 1877, Oscar Wilde and the other two young people to accompany Mahafhe to Greece to travel, for the Greek natural landscape and exquisite buildings dumped, so linger, delayed class. After returning to Oxford, he was fined £ 45 by the school and the following year was fine for his academic excellence. In 1878, Oscar Wilde in the last year of Oxford in the last year is extremely beautiful, not only academic performance among the best, but also to poetry "La Fenner" to win a school poetrycompetition. The winning poems were financed by the school and became the first published works by Oscar Wilde. Wilde moved from Oxford to London, claiming to be a professor of aestheticism. In 1880, at this time Wilde has been cut out in the London social circle, "clumsy" magazine began to take his appearance joke. His first play "Vera" in the same year to complete, but no big response, and finally for political reasons did not staged in London. In 1881, by the Gilbert and Sullivan written by the aestheticist humorist "peas" did not intend to bring a bad reputation for Wilde. Wang Erde poetry published in the same year, may be poet at their own expense.In 1882, Wilde made a wonderful tour in the United States, two years later he and Constance Lloyd (Constance Lloyd) love married, two sons Cyril (Cyril) and Vivian (Vyvyan) also Was born in 1885 and 1886.In 1887, Wilde became the executive editor of a women's magazine called "Women's World" (formerly known as "Lady of the World", Oscar Wilde's renamed), and published some of his novels, comments and poems in magazines. Wilde's works are famous for their rhetoric and beauty. In May 1888, published "Happy prince and other stories". June 20, 1890, in the newspaper serial novel "Dorian Gray's portrait", lay the status of decadent artists. His first novel, The portrait of Dorian Gray, was published in 1891. The opportunity for the creation of the novel was due to the fact that Wilde had visited a famous painter, and the male model of the painter was so young andbeautiful. Sigh: "Unfortunately, such a beautiful creature, or a day of aging." The painter replied: Yes ah, if you can make the painting he replaced him like old. Later, Wilde created the novel "The portrait of Dawn Gray", and Wilde, in order to thank the painter, named his painter in his name, and then he published the prose "The Soul of Socialism" Both of these works are very successful, but the real success for Wilde is his drama works.It can be said that each of his drama works are warmly welcomed, there is a period of time, London stage actually staged him Three of his works are known as the best comedy works since Sheridan's "rumor school".In 1895, Marquess of Queensberry found Lord Alfred Douglas (Nickname "Bosie") and Oscar Wilde for four years and accused of Oscar Wilde and went to Oscar Wilde To the celebrity club to paste the note: "Oscar Oscar Wilde - pretend to be a traitor." publicly denounced Wilde is a good male "soders" (at that time has not yet born "gay" the term). The allegations made Wilde immediately write to his friend Ross.The Marquis of Queensberry is a tyrannical father, and Douglas has been arguing for a long time, and the angry Alfred Douglas called Wilde immediately appealed to the Marquis to corrupt his reputation. As a result, Wilde's appeal failed, and he was told that "committing acts of gross indecency with other men persons". According to the United Kingdom 1855 harsh criminal law amendments part 11, Wilde was convicted, in Reading and Bentonville prison served two years of hardlabor. In the past two years, Wilde stopped the drama creation, wrote the poem in the prison "song of the prison song" and the letter set "abyss Jane." In these two works, his style has changed, it is difficult to find the impact of aestheticism. During his stay in Wilde, his wife Constance and two children changed their name to Holland, moved to Italy, and most of his friends in the social and literary circles were fearless of him. Only a handful of people such as playwright George Bernard Shaw still stand up to maintain him.On May 1, 1895, the jury could not agree on Wilde's charges, and a juror agreed to bail Wilde. May 7, was released from prison. May 20, the case the second session. May 25, Wilde because of "serious indecent assault", was sentenced to forced labor for two years, first detained in London Bentonville prison, July 4 transfer to London Wandsworth prison, November 20 was transferred from the 30 miles west of London's Reading prison. On September 24 and November 12 of the year, the court conducted two bankruptcy investigations against Oscar Wilde and declared its bankruptcy.Released in 1897, Wilde took to paris, for the British he was disappointed, no longer have the slightest nostalgia. He had tried to mix with Constance for two children, but Alfred Douglas offered to meet him and said he wanted to rebuild with Wilde, and Wilde chose Douglas. He lived in France during the name of the completion of the "Reading of the song", in 1898 Wilde and Douglas travel to Italy, but the last two still break up, the two together was not as goodas the original, after the release of Wilde scenery Then, Douglas began to understand that Wilde was no longer the married and everyone envy of the successful people. But if they had been in love and tired of talking to the far apart, the wayward Douglas had earlier said to Oscar Wilde: "If you are no longer the taller of Oscar, it is no longer interesting.In 1900, Wilde finally changed his Catholicism with the help of his friend and his same-sex lover, Robert Robbie Ross, who was the first gay man of Wilde, Rose's temptation led him to the path of homosexuality, when Rose was 17 and Wilde was 32. Although Wilde was later obsessed with Douglas, but for many years he loved Oscar Wilde and gave him help, and Ross's ashes were in his last wish Together). In the same year on November 30 due to meningitis in paris, Alsa (Alsace) died, at the age of 46 years old, only when Ross died with another friend to accompany him. Oscar Wilde in the cemetery of paris, according to his poetry in the "Sphinx" in the image, carved into a small Sphinx.At the end of the twentieth century, after nearly a century later, the British finally gave Wilde a statue of honor. On November 30, 1998, the statue of Oscar Wilde, sculpted by McGee Hamlin, was unveiled at Adelaide Street near Trafalgar Square, London. The statue is titled "Dialogue with Oscar Wilde" and engraved with quotes from Oscar Wilde: "We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking At the stars.)。
奥斯卡· 王尔德
To be continued on the next page.
In the summer of 1891, Oscar met Lord Alfred “Bosie” Douglas, the third son of the Marquis of Queensberry. Bosie was well acquainted with Oscar's novel, Dorian Gray and was an undergraduate at Oxford. They soon became lovers and were inseparable until Wilde's arrest three years later. In April 1895, Oscar sued Bosie's father for libel on the charge of homosexuality. Oscar withdrew his case but was himself arrested and convicted of gross indecency and sentenced to two years of hard labor.
To be continued on the next page.
The Wilde case is over, and at last the curtain has fallen on the most horrible scandal which has disturbed social life in London for many years. The cries of "Shame!" with which the sentence pronounced by Mr. Justice Wills was received, indicate that a certain section of the public in court regarded the verdict with disfavour, and that feeling will very possibly be shared by a section of the public outside. But it is well to remember, that the jury are in a position to form the best and honest opinion. They have heard all the evidence and seen the witness in the box, while outsiders have only newspaper reports—necessarily containing the barest suggestion of the gruesome facts— to guide them.
奥斯卡王尔德(Oscar Wilde)
12、The only thing worse than being talked about is not being talked about. 世上只有一件事比被人议论更糟糕，那就是没有人议论 你。 13、All charming people, I fancy, are spoiled. It is the secret of their attraction 我想所有迷人的人都是被宠爱着的，这是他们吸引力来 源的秘密。 14、To do nothing at all is the most difficult thing in the world, the most difficult and the most intellectual 什么也不做是世上最难的事情，最困难并且最智慧。 15、A true friend stabs you in the front. 真朋友才会当面中伤你。 16、Always forgive your enemies - nothing annoys them so much. 永远宽恕你的敌人，没有什么能比这个更让他们恼怒的了。 17、There are only two tragedies in life: one is not getting what one wants, and the other is getting it. 生活中只有两种悲剧:一个是没有得到我们想要的，另外一个是得到我 们想要的。
虽然年轻的王尔德还没有获得一个文学奖项，但服装惹 眼、谈吐机智、特立独行的他在伦敦社交界已经小有名 气，一些杂志甚至刊登着讽刺他的文章。
1877年，王尔德与另外两位年轻人陪马哈菲教授一同到 希腊旅游，为希腊的自然景致和精美建筑倾倒，以致于 流连忘返，延误了上课。回到牛津后他被校方罚款45英 镑，次年罚款因他学业的优异而返还。
Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡·王尔
人物评价
• 唯美主义哲学尖锐批判了当时的物质社会 和庸人主义。倡导人应该在生活中发现美、 鉴别美、享受美，充分地展现个性。王尔 德作为唯美主义的倡导者和实践者，无论 是他的主张还是他的个性或者作品都是充 满魅力的。王尔德醉心于艺术形式美的追 寻，其断言只有风格才能使艺术不朽。王 尔德不仅在服饰、装饰、语言的表达以及 行为举止等人生的各方面创造了绚烂多彩 的审美形式，并成功折射到他的作品中去。
Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡· 王尔德
• • • • • • • • • • • • • • •
中文名:奥斯卡· 王尔德 外文名:Oscar Wilde 出生日期:1854年10月16日(星期一) 出生地:爱尔兰 都柏林 逝世日期:1900年11月30日(星期五) 逝世地：法国 巴黎 父 亲：William Wilde 母 亲:Jane Wilde 配 偶:Constance Lloyd 身 高:1.91米 国 籍:爱尔兰 职 业:作家 诗人 毕业院校:都柏林圣三一学院 牛津大学 文学运动:唯美主义 创作领域:戏剧 小说 童话 诗歌
名言
• 我们都在阴沟里，但仍有人仰望星空。
• We are all in the gutter,but some of us are looking at the stars.
作品
• 小说：《道林· 格雷的画像》 • 诗作：《诗集》《斯芬克斯》《瑞丁监狱 之歌》 • 剧本：《薇拉》《温德米尔夫人的扇子》 《帕杜瓦公爵夫人》《莎乐美》《无足轻 重的女人》《认真的重要性》《理想的丈 夫》 •莺与玫瑰》《自 私的巨人》《忠实的朋友》《了不起的火 箭》《少年国王》《西班牙公主的生日》 《渔人和他的灵魂》《星孩》 • 意图集：《笔杆子、画笔和毒药》《身为 艺术家的评论者》《谎言的衰朽》《面具 下的事实》 • 书信集：《深渊书简》
The Importance of Being Earnest简介解析
（3）省略
戏剧中经常使用省略句，这样才能使戏剧语言更贴 近生活，更能引起观众的共鸣。
Yes,of course.Hello!Why all these cups?Why cucumber sandwiches?Why such reckless extravagance in one so young? Who is coming to tea?
一方面，这些省略句更贴近生活，生动活泼。能将 生活中的真实情景展现在读者面前。另一方面，这 句话是阿尔杰农追问杰克住哪里的时候说的，将杰 克想迅速转移话题，人物非常心虚的形象描绘得淋 漓尽致。
表现手法
(1) 讽刺
CECILY: Yes, but it is usually chronicles the things that have never happened, and couldn't possibly have happened. I believe that memory is responsible for nearly all the three-volume novels that Mudie sends us.
王尔德简介 (3)
王尔德简介
奥斯卡·王尔德（Oscar Wilde，1854~1900），19世纪出生在英国（准确来讲是爱尔兰，但是当时由英国统治。
）最伟大的作家与艺术家之一，以其剧作、诗歌、童话和小说闻名。
唯美主义代表人物，19世纪80年代美学运动的主力和90年代颓废派运动的先驱。
比起希腊悲剧大气磅礴的因果宿命，莎士比亚戏剧人文主义者孤独的痛苦，海明威笔下永不言败的悲剧英雄精神，他记叙的是生命里的美丽与哀愁—平凡生活里的爱，精神世界中的美，以及这两者的毁灭给人的心灵带来的巨大痛苦，突出了基督神性的救赎与归宿。
王尔德不再重复王子与公主幸福地生活一百年的陈词滥调，也不表达善有善报恶有恶报的美好愿望，只用一种淡然超脱的口吻来讲述悲剧，借助人物交错的视角与眼光让读者听见打渔人长长的叹息，夜莺最后命若游丝的歌声，小矮人哀哀的哭泣和他的心破裂的声音。
作为隐含作者的他始终对故事人物沉默不语，让基督感召中的死亡成为人物告别悲剧命运最好的完结仪式。
他以不完美的童话反复叩问生活中处处存在的矛盾与悖论、影射现实社会的困顿与复杂，以曲折的方式展现他对艺术、爱情及人生完美而纯粹的追求，亦用自己的作品预言了他独特的人生路线：生前走在享乐主义与感官主义的边缘，摇摆于物质与精神之间，对爱情既渴望又绝望，临终前于孤寂中皈依了天主教，投入基督的怀抱，和他笔下的悲剧人物一般，得到他真正的心灵安宁。
关于读书的人物事例
关于读书的人物事例1. 奥斯卡·王尔德（Oscar Wilde）：他是一位英国作家和戏剧家，也是一位狂热的读书爱好者。
他的作品包括《道林·格雷的画像》和《温斯顿·丘吉尔：一部幕后回忆录》等。
他被认为是维多利亚时代最伟大的文学家之一，他的作品充满了智慧和幽默。
2. 爱米莉·狄更生（Emily Dickinson）：她是一位美国诗人，被誉为美国文学史上最重要的女性诗人之一。
她几乎完全以隐世生活为主，但她的诗歌展示了她对人类经验的独特洞察力。
狄更生被认为是个热爱读书的人，她喜欢读各种题材的书籍，包括哲学、宗教和文学作品。
3. 克利夫·刘易斯（C.S. Lewis）：他是一位英国作家和学者，以他的奇幻小说《纳尼亚传奇》而闻名。
刘易斯对于研究和阅读中世纪文学非常感兴趣，他的学术作品中融合了宗教、哲学和文学的元素。
他认为读书能够帮助人们了解更多的世界观和人类经验。
4. 奥普拉·温弗瑞（Oprah Winfrey）：她是一位美国著名的电视制片人、主持人和慈善家，也是一位热爱阅读的人。
她经常推荐各种书籍，并在她的书籍俱乐部中讨论这些作品。
温弗瑞认为读书是一种力量和启迪灵魂的方式，她鼓励人们通过阅读来改变和提升自己的生活。
5. 马克·扎克伯格（Mark Zuckerberg）：他是著名的创业家和Facebook的创始人之一。
尽管他忙于经营Facebook，但扎克伯格仍然是一个狂热的读书人。
他每年给自己设定一个读书目标，并通过他的社交媒体平台与大家分享自己读过的书籍。
他认为读书是扩大视野和提高思维能力的重要方式。
名家资料英文介绍：奥斯卡·王尔德 Oscar Wilde
Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan温夫人的扇子(1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest认真的重要性(1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray多利安•格雷的画像(1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady Jane Francesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian古物研究者,收集古物者（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman forAestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 he published The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met a few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of NoImportance一个无足轻重的女人(1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying"谎言的衰朽(1889) and "The Critic as Artist"作为艺术家的批评家(1890).Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramaticmonologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣of Reading Gaol 监狱"累丁狱之歌, revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan(1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady JaneFrancesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman for Aestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 hepublished The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met an few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of No Importance (1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying" (1889) and "The Critic as Artist" (1890).Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramatic monologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣of Reading Gao 监狱l", revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.。
奥斯卡王尔德英文简介
奥斯卡王尔德英⽂简介 奥斯卡·王尔德，最伟⼤的作家与艺术家之⼀，以其剧作、诗歌、童话和⼩说闻名。
下⾯是店铺给⼤家整理的奥斯卡王尔德英⽂简介，供⼤家参阅! 奥斯卡·王尔德简介 Oscar Wilde (1854 ~ 1900), born in the 19th century in the UK (in the case of Ireland, but then ruled by the British.) One of the greatest writers and artists, with his plays, poetry, fairy tales and fiction famous. Aestheticist figures, the main body of the aesthetic movement of the 1880s and the pioneers of the 90's decadent movement. 奥斯卡·王尔德⼈物⽣平 Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland, a family of outstanding family, is the second son of the family. His father, Sir William Wilde, was a surgeon whose mother was a poet and writer. In 1864, Oscar Wilde was at the Royal College of Putuo in the house of Ennis, and was not particularly popular among the boys. During school, he loves flowers, sunset and Greek literature. Although the teacher was often dismissed as lazy, but he was in the last year of this school is still on behalf of classical literature achievements of the best honor of the Toro Gold Medal. In 1871, the Dublin Trinity College Scholarship was awarded at the age of 17. He met Professor Mahaffi at this school, and the professor had a considerable influence on Wilde's life. Many years later, he recalled that Mahafir was "a very talkative person, an artist who was good at using eloquence and vivid words. After graduating from Trinity College in Dublin, Wilde received a full scholarship from the University of Oxford at Magdalen College in 1874. In Oxford, Wilde was influenced by Walter Pate and John Raskin's aesthetic ideas and touched on the New Hegelian philosophy, Darwinian theory of evolution and the pre-Raphaelite work, which became a pioneer of his aestheticism The writer established the direction. After the publication of the first "poem", he began to emerge in the literary world, and came to London development. Although the young Wilde has not yet received a literary award, but the clothing eye-catching, talk wit, maverick in London social circles have been a minor celebrity, some magazines and even published his satirical article. In 1875, Wilde traveled to Italy during the summer vacation and wrote one of the early poems "San Miniato", "San Miniato"), but this poem was published only a few years later. In 1877, Oscar Wilde and the other two young people to accompany Mahafhe to Greece to travel, for the Greek natural landscape and exquisite buildings dumped, so linger, delayed class. After returning to Oxford, he was fined £ 45 by the school and the following year was fine for his academic excellence. In 1878, Oscar Wilde in the last year of Oxford in the last year is extremely beautiful, not only academic performance among the best, but also to poetry "La Fenner" to win a school poetry competition. The winning poems were financed by the school and became the first published works by Oscar Wilde. Wilde moved from Oxford to London, claiming to be a professor of aestheticism. In 1880, at this time Wilde has been cut out in the London social circle, "clumsy" magazine began to take his appearance joke. His first play "Vera" in the same year to complete, but no big response, and finally for political reasons did not staged in London. In 1881, by the Gilbert and Sullivan written by the aestheticist humorist "Peas" did not intend to bring a bad reputation for Wilde. Wang Erde poetry published in the same year, may be poet at their own expense. In 1882, Wilde made a wonderful tour in the United States, two years later he and Constance Lloyd (Constance Lloyd) love married, two sons Cyril (Cyril) and Vivian (Vyvyan) also Was born in 1885 and 1886. In 1887, Wilde became the executive editor of a women's magazine called "Women's World" (formerly known as "Lady of the World", Oscar Wilde's renamed), and published some of his novels, comments and poems in magazines. Wilde's works are famous for their rhetoric and beauty. In May 1888, published "Happy Prince and other stories". June 20, 1890, in the newspaper serial novel "Dorian Gray's portrait", lay the status of decadent artists. His first novel, The Portrait of Dorian Gray, was published in 1891. The opportunity for the creation of the novel was due to the fact that Wilde had visited a famouspainter, and the male model of the painter was so young and beautiful. Sigh: "Unfortunately, such a beautiful creature, or a day of aging." The painter replied: Yes ah, if you can make the painting he replaced him like old. Later, Wilde created the novel "The Portrait of Dawn Gray", and Wilde, in order to thank the painter, named his painter in his name, and then he published the prose "The Soul of Socialism" Both of these works are very successful, but the real success for Wilde is his drama works.It can be said that each of his drama works are warmly welcomed, there is a period of time, London stage actually staged him Three of his works are known as the best comedy works since Sheridan's "rumor school". In 1895, Marquess of Queensberry found Lord Alfred Douglas (Nickname "Bosie") and Oscar Wilde for four years and accused of Oscar Wilde and went to Oscar Wilde To the celebrity club to paste the note: "Oscar Oscar Wilde - pretend to be a traitor." Publicly denounced Wilde is a good male "soders" (at that time has not yet born "gay" the term). The allegations made Wilde immediately write to his friend Ross. The Marquis of Queensberry is a tyrannical father, and Douglas has been arguing for a long time, and the angry Alfred Douglas called Wilde immediately appealed to the Marquis to corrupt his reputation. As a result, Wilde's appeal failed, and he was told that "committing acts of gross indecency with other men persons". According to the United Kingdom 1855 harsh criminal law amendments Part 11, Wilde was convicted, in Reading and Bentonville prison served two years of hard labor. In the past two years, Wilde stopped the drama creation, wrote the poem in the prison "song of the prison song" and the letter set "abyss Jane." In these two works, his style has changed, it is difficult to find the impact of aestheticism. During his stay in Wilde, his wife Constance and two children changed their name to Holland, moved to Italy, and most of his friends in the social and literary circles were fearless of him. Only a handful of people such as playwright George Bernard Shaw still stand up to maintain him. On May 1, 1895, the jury could not agree on Wilde's charges, and a juror agreed to bail Wilde. May 7, was released from prison. May 20, the case the second session. May 25, Wilde because of "serious indecent assault", was sentenced to forced labor for two years, first detained in London Bentonville prison, July 4 transfer to London Wandsworth prison, November 20 was transferred from the 30 miles west of London's Reading prison. On September 24 and November 12 of the year, the court conducted two bankruptcy investigations against Oscar Wilde and declared its bankruptcy. Released in 1897, Wilde took to Paris, for the British he was disappointed, no longer have the slightest nostalgia. He had tried to mix with Constance for two children, but Alfred Douglas offered to meet him and said he wanted to rebuild with Wilde, and Wilde chose Douglas. He lived in France during the name of the completion of the "Reading of the song", in 1898 Wilde and Douglas travel to Italy, but the last two still break up, the two together was not as good as the original, after the release of Wilde scenery Then, Douglas began to understand that Wilde was no longer the married and everyone envy of the successful people. But if they had been in love and tired of talking to the far apart, the wayward Douglas had earlier said to Oscar Wilde: "If you are no longer the taller of Oscar, it is no longer interesting. In 1900, Wilde finally changed his Catholicism with the help of his friend and his same-sex lover, Robert Robbie Ross, who was the first gay man of Wilde, Rose's temptation led him to the path of homosexuality, when Rose was 17 and Wilde was 32. Although Wilde was later obsessed with Douglas, but for many years he loved Oscar Wilde and gave him help, and Ross's ashes were in his last wish Together). In the same year on November 30 due to meningitis in Paris, Alsa (Alsace) died, at the age of 46 years old, only when Ross died with another friend to accompany him. Oscar Wilde in the cemetery of Paris, according to his poetry in the "Sphinx" in the image, carved into a small Sphinx. At the end of the twentieth century, after nearly a century later, the British finally gave Wilde a statue of honor. On November 30, 1998, the statue of Oscar Wilde, sculpted by McGee Hamlin, was unveiled at Adelaide Street near Trafalgar Square, London. The statue is titled "Dialogue with Oscar Wilde" and engraved with quotes from Oscar Wilde: "We are all in the gutter, but some of us are looking At the stars.)。
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Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan温夫人的扇子(1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest认真的重要性(1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray多利安•格雷的画像(1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady Jane Francesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian古物研究者,收集古物者（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman forAestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 he published The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met a few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of NoImportance一个无足轻重的女人(1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying"谎言的衰朽(1889) and "The Critic as Artist"作为艺术家的批评家(1890).Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramaticmonologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣of Reading Gaol 监狱"累丁狱之歌, revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.Oscar Wilde (1854-1900), Irish poet and dramatist whose reputation rests on his comic masterpieces Lady Windermere's Fan(1892) and The Importance of Being Earnest (1895). Among Wilde's other best-known works are his only novel The Picture of Dorian Gray(1891) and his fairy tales especially "The Happy Prince."Wilde was born on October 16, 1854 in Dublin to unconventional parents - his mother Lady JaneFrancesca Wilde (1820-96), was a poet and journalist. His father was Sir William Wilde, an Irish antiquarian（antiques）, gifted writer, and specialist in diseases of the eye and ear. Wilde studied at Portora Royal School, Enniskillen, County Fermanagh (1864-71), Trinity College, Dublin (1871-74) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1874-78).In 1878 Wilde received his B.A. and in the same year he moved to London. His lifestyle and humorous wit soon made him the spokesman for Aestheticism(唯美主义), the late 19th century movement in England that advocated art for art's sake. He worked as art reviewer (1881), lectured in the United States and Canada (1882), and lived in Paris (1883). Between the years 1883 and 1884 he lectured in Britain. From the mid-1880s he was a regular contributor for Pall Mall Gazette and Dramatic View. In 1884 Wilde married Constance Lloyd (died 1898), and to support his family Wilde edited in 1887-89 Woman's World. In 1888 hepublished The Happy Prince and Other Tales, fairy-stories written for his two sons. Wilde's marriage ended in 1893. He had met an few years earlier Lord Alfred Douglas, an athlete and a poet, who became both the love of the author's life and his downfall.Wilde made his reputation in the theatre world between the years 1892 and 1895 with a series of highly popular plays. Lady Windermere's Fan (1892) dealt with a blackmailing divorce driven to self-sacrifice by maternal love. In A Woman of No Importance (1893) an illegitimate son is torn between his father and mother. An Ideal Husband (1895) dealt with blackmail, political corruption and public and private honor. The Importance of Being Earnest (1895) was about two fashionable young gentlemen and their eventually successful courtship. Before his theatrical success Wilde produced several essays. His two major literary-theoretical works were the dialogues "The Decay of Lying" (1889) and "The Critic as Artist" (1890).Although married and the father of two children, Wilde's personal life was open to rumors. His years of triumph ended dramatically, when his intimate association with Alfred Douglas led to his trial on charges of homosexuality (then illegal in Britain). He was sentenced to two years hard labor for the crime . Wilde was first in Wandsworth prison, London, and then in Reading Gaol. During this time he wrote De Profundis (1905), a dramatic monologue and autobiography, which was addressed to Alfred Douglas.After his release in 1897 Wilde in Berneval, near Dieppe. He wrote "The Ballad民谣of Reading Gao 监狱l", revealing his concern for inhumane prison conditions. Wilde died of cerebral meningitis(脑膜炎) on November 30, 1900, penniless, in a cheap Paris hotel at the age of 46.。