2002年基础考试题及答案(下午)
2002年普通高校和职业技术学院招生统一考试绘画基础知识、构成基础试题及参考答案
2002年某省普通高校和职业技术学院招生统一考试绘画基础知识、构成基础试题及参考答案试题专业Ⅰ:绘画基础知识部分一、单项选择题(在每小题的备选答案中选出一个正确的答案,并将正确答案的号码填在题干的括号内。
每小题2分,共40分)1.()的素描手法灵活而生动,刻画精细入微。
他刻画人物,既尊重自然又富于理想化,既有结实的雕塑感又具有刚中带柔的妩媚和优美。
①达·芬奇②拉斐尔③米开朗基罗④安格尔2.在素描造型中,上下、左右、前后等不同方向面的衔接与组合关系称为()①形体关系②体面关系③结构关系④造型关系3.结构造型,又称作(),它是以研究和表现形体结构为中心。
①明暗素描②全因素素描③比较素描④结构素描4.素描中,在平面上表现物体立体性的“三大面”是()①亮面、暗面、灰面②亮面、侧面、背面③暗面、灰面、正面④长、宽、高5.构图的基本原理是()①对称与均衡②对比与调和③变化与统一④安定与比例6.颜料的三原色是()①红、黄、绿②橙、绿、紫③红、黄、青④红、蓝、紫7.下面哪一项都属于冷色()①红、橙、黄②红、蓝、绿③蓝、绿、青④红、青、紫8.在水粉画的表现技法中,在湿的纸面或色层上运笔着色的方法是()①薄涂法②湿画法③衔接④洗接9.下面哪一项的排列顺序是色彩静物写生方法的正确步骤()①起稿、铺色彩大关系、深入刻画、调整与完成②起稿、深入刻画、铺色彩大关系、调整与完成③铺色彩大关系、调整、深入刻画、完成④起稿、调整、铺色彩大关系、完成10.下面哪一项不属于影响视觉色彩的因素()①光源色②固有色③环境色④物体色11.下面哪一项的形式美的法则可以使图案的构成体现出整齐美与节奏美,具有较强的装饰性()①条理与反复②变化与统一③对称与平衡④安定与比例12.单独几何形的分割构成分三个步骤,以下哪一项的排序正确()①骨架构成、外形变化、纹样配置②外形变化、骨架构成、纹样配置③纹样配置、外形变化、骨架构成④骨架构成、纹样配置、外形变化13.在图案的创意中,用一种以具有某一事物明显特征的局部,来代表某类事物的整体的表现手法是什么手法()①拟人②借代③求全④象征14.下面哪一项不属于二方连续图案常见的构成形式()①折线式②波线式③连锁式④连缀式15.下面哪一种色彩给人以新鲜、清新、生命、活力的感觉,并象征和平、希望、新生()①蓝色②绿色③白色④橙色16.下面哪一项不属于从题材上分类的中国画()①人物画②写意画③山水画④花鸟画17.我国最早用墨线勾画的绘画是()①《引魂升天图》②《楚墓帛画》③《清明上河图》④《芙蓉锦鸡图》18.宋代开创减笔写意人物先河的是()①米芾②张择端③黄荃④梁楷19.《游春图》的作者是()①李公麟②展子虔③范宽④米芾20.《富春山居图》的作者是()①黄公望②李成③王蒙④关同二、填空题(每空1分,共20分)21.美术是以一定的物质材料,塑造可视的平面或立体的形象,以反映客观世界和表达对客观世界感受的一种艺术形式,因此,美术又称之为、。
2002年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试文理大综合
2002年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试文理大综合(江苏、河南卷)试题及答案本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分,第Ⅰ卷1至7页,第Ⅰ卷8至13页。
满分300分。
考试用时120分钟。
第Ⅰ卷(选择题,共180分)注意事项:1.答第Ⅰ卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、考试证号、考试科目涂写在答题卡上。
考试结束,将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.每小题选出答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号,不能答在试题卷上。
一、本大题共30道选择题,每题6分,共180分。
每题有一个最符合题目要求的答案。
图1表示某树木年轮截面的一部分,标号①②③分别表示5年时间段的年轮。
该树生长地区7月气温最低,但仍高于0℃。
回答1~3题。
图11.植物生长与气候变化密切相关,在气温变化较稳定的前提下,图2中表示①②③三个时间段逐年降水量的图依次是甲乙丙图2A 甲、乙、丙B 丙、乙、甲C 乙、甲、丙D 丙、甲、乙2.该树生长地点可能在A 30°S,118°EB 23.5°N,130°EC 44°S,173°ED 30°N,118°E3.该树生长地区所属自然带可能为A 亚寒带针叶林带B 亚热带常绿硬叶林带C 热带雨林带D 温带草原带近年来,我国房地产业发展迅速,越来越多的居民乔迁新居,居住条件和环境显著改善。
请读图3,运用以下公式及相关知识回答4~7题。
①某地正午太阳高度的大小:H=90°φ—δ式中H为正午太阳高度;φ为当地纬度,取正值;δ为太阳直射点的纬度,当地夏半年取正值,冬半年取负值。
②tg35°≈0.7 tg45°=1 tg60°≈1.7324.房地产开发商在某城市(北纬30度)建造了两幢商品住宅楼(图3),某户居民买到了北楼一层的一套房子,于春节前住进后发现正午前后太阳光线被南楼挡住。
2002年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(数学)理含答案
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共 60 分)
一、选择题:本大题共 12 小题,每小题 5 分,共 60 分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只 有一项是符合题目要求的.
2002 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(数学)理及答案
本试卷分第 I 卷(选择题)和第 II 卷(非选择题)两部分.第 I 卷 1 至 2 页.第 II 卷 3 至 9 页.共 150 分.考试时间 120 分钟.
第Ⅰ卷(选择题共 60 分)
一、选择题:本大题共 12 小题,每小题 5 分,共 60 分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只 有一项是符合题目要求的.
互相垂直 点 新疆 王新敞
奎屯
M 在 AC 上 移 动 , 点 N 在 BF 上 移 动 , 若 CM = BN = a
C
(0 a 2)
D
(1)求 MN 的长;
P
M
(2) a 为何值时, MN 的长最小;
Q
(3)当 MN 的长最小时,求面 MNA 与面 MNB 所成二面角 的
B
E
大小 新疆 王新敞 奎屯
2
4
当 a 1 ,则函数 f (x) 在 (−, a] 上单调递减,从而函数 f (x) 在 (−, a] 上的最小值为 2
f (a) = a2 +1.
若 a 1 ,则函数 f (x) 在 (−, a]上的最小值为 f (1) = 3 + a ,且 f (1) f (a) .
2
24
2
(ii)当 x a 时,函数 f (x) = x2 + x − a +1 = (x + 1)2 − a + 3
2002年会计基础真题答案
2002年会计基础知识试题参考答案一、单项选择题1.D2.A3.B4.A5.D6.B7.C8.A9.B10.D11.A12.C13.B14.A15.A16.B17.D18.C19. D.20.B二、多项选择题1.BC2.AC3.CD4.ABC5.BCD6.BC7.BC8.AC9.ABCD10.ACD11.AB12.BD13.ACD14.ABCD15. BC三、判断题1.×2.√3..√4..√5.×6.×7.×8..√9.×10..√11.×12.×13..√14.×15..√四、简答题1.会计账户与会计科目的区别在于:会计科目只能界定经济业务发生所涉及的项目,但并不能对其加以记录,即没有结构和格式;而账户是用来记录经济业务发生及其结果的载体,所以是有结构和格式的。
2.按照经济内容,会计科目分为以下五类:(1)资产类科目,如现金、银行存款、固定资产等;(2)负债类科目,如短期借款、应付账款等;(3)所有者权益科目,如实收资本、资本公积、盛余公积等;(4)成本类科目,如生产成本、制造费用等;(5)损益类科目,如主营业务收入主管业务成本、管理费用等。
3.原始凭证有错误的,应当由出具单位重开或更正,更正处应当加盖出具单位印章。
原始凭证金额有错误的,应当由出具单位重开,不得在原始凭证上更正。
4.会计报表的编制要求:(1)数字真实,即必须以核实相符后的账簿记录为依据;(2)内容完整,即必须按照规定的种类、格式和内容来编制;(3)计算准确业,即报表中的各项数字不管直接填列,还是分析计算填列,均要计算准确业;(4)编报及时,会计报表信息具有很强的时效性,必须及时编报。
五、会计分录1.借:在途材料(物资)135000应交税金——应交增值税(进项税)贷:银行存款1579502.2借:固定资产150000贷:实收资本1500003.借:银行存款561600 贷:主营业务收入480000。
2002年注册资产评估师考试建筑工程评估基础真题及答案
2002年注册资产评估师考试建筑工程评估基础真题及答案一、单项选择题 (共40题,每题1分。
每题的备选项中,只有1个最符合题意。
)1. 单项工程是建设项目的组成部分,其特点是()。
A.具有独立的设计文件,但竣工后不能独立发挥生产能力或效益B.可以通过编制单项工程综合预算确定其价格C.计算工、料及资金消耗的基本构成要素D.一般情况下,它是进行工程成本核算的对象2. 随着我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立和完善,对竞争性项目的投资活动将实行()。
A.行政审批制D.登记备案制C.逐级申报制D.代建招标制3. 在房屋建筑工程中,由梁、板、柱构成的承重体系是指()。
A.混合结构B.排架结构C.框架结构D.网架结构4. 根据《中华人民共和国建筑法》规定,除国务院建设行政主管部门确定的限额以下的小型工程外,建设工程开工前,建设单位应当按照国家有关规定向()级以上人民政府建设行政主管部门申请领取施工许可证。
A.建设单位所在地县B.工程所在地县C.建设单位所在地市D.工程所在地市5. 根据《建设工程监理规范》,具有相应资质的监理单位受工程项目建设单位的委托,在工程施工过程中的工作内容之一是()。
A.对施工过程进行巡视和检查,组织工程竣工验收B.编制施工组织设计,并审查施工单位提交的施工进度计C.鉴认施工单位所采用的新材料、新工艺、新技术和新设备D.严格进行工程计量和工程款支付,并编制竣工结算报告6. 砖及砌块是砌筑墙体的主要材料,如果需要抗压强度达到MU30的砌筑材料,可选择()。
A.混凝土空心砌块B.蒸压灰砂砖C.烧结多孔砖D.烧结空心砖7. 水泥是工程建设中常用的水硬性胶凝材料。
水泥的类别不同,其使用范围也不同。
不适用于大体积混凝土工程的水泥是()。
A.矿渣B.火山灰C.粉煤灰D.硅酸盐8. 木材具有显著的湿胀干缩性,当木材由潮湿状态干燥到鲆维饱和点时,()。
A.其体积收缩,而继续干燥蒸发水分时,其尺寸不变B.其尺寸不变,而继续干燥蒸发水分时,其体积收缩C.其体积收缩较大,而继续干燥蒸发水分时,其体积收缩较小D.其体积略有收缩,而继续干燥蒸发水分时,其体积收缩建筑工程评估基础考试试卷较大9. 在下列碳素结构钢中,强度较低,但有较好的塑性和韧性,易于冷加工的钢材牌号是()。
(完整word版)2002年考研英语真题及答案,推荐文档
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题及答案Section I Listening ComprehensionDirections:This section is designed to test your ability to understand spoken English. You will hear a selection of recorded materials and you must answer the questions that accompany them. There are three parts in this Section, Part A, Part B and Part C. Remember, while you are doing the test, you should first put down your answers in your test booklet. At the end of the listening comprehension section, you will have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1. Now look at Part A in your test booklet.Part ADirections:For Questions 1 - 5, you will hear an introduction about the life of Margaret Welch. While you listen, fill out the table with the information you've heard. Some of the information has been given to you in the table. Write only 1 word or number in each numbered box. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below. (5 points)Welch's Personal InformationPlace of Birth PhiladelphiaYear of Birth 1901Transfer to Barnard University (Year) 1920Major at University1Final Degree PhDYear of Marriage 1928Growing Up In New Guinea Published (Year)2Field Study in the South Pacific (Age)3Main Interest4Professorship at Columbia Started (Year)5Death (Age) 77Part B Directions:For questions 6 - 10, you will hear a talk by a well-known U.S. journalist. While you listen, complete the sentences or answer the questions. Use not more than 3 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the sentences and questions below. (5 points)Besides reporters, who else were camped out for days outside6the speaker's home?One reporter got to the speaker's apartment pretending to pay7The speaker believed the reporter wanted a picture of her looking8Where is a correction to a false story usually placed?9According to the speaker, the press will lose readers unless the 10editors and the news directorsPart C Directions:You will hear three pieces of recorded material. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points)Questions 11 - 13 are based on a report about children's healthy development. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 - 13.11. What unusual question may doctors ask when giving kids a checkup next time?[A] How much exercise they get every day.[B] What they are most worried about.[C] How long their parents accompany them daily.[D] What entertainment they are interested in.12. The academy suggests that children under age two[A] get enough entertainment.[B] have more activities.[C] receive early education.[D] have regular checkups.13. According to the report, children's bedrooms should[A] be no place for play.[B] be near a common area.[C] have no TV sets.[D] have a computer for study.Questions 14 - 16 are based on the following talk about how to save money. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 14 - 16.14. According to the speaker, what should one pay special attention to if he wants to save up?[A] Family debts.[B] Bank savings.[C] Monthly bills.[D] Spending habits.15. How much can a person save by retirement if he gives up his pack-a-day habit?[A] $190,000.[B] $330,000.[C] $500,000.[D] $ 1,000,000.16. What should one do before paying monthly bills, if he wants to accumulate wealth?[A] Invest into a mutual fund.[B] Use the discount tickets.[C] Quit his eating-out habit.[D] Use only paper bills and save coins.Questions 17 - 20 are based on an interview with Herbert A. Glieberman,domestic-relations lawyer. You now have 20 seconds to read Questions 17 - 20.17. Which word best describes the lawyer's prediction of the change in divorce rate?[A]Fall.[B] Rise.[C] V-shape.[D] Zigzag.18. What do people nowadays desire to do concerning their marriage?[A] To embrace changes of thought.[B] To adapt to the disintegrated family life.[C] To return to the practice in the '60s and '70s.[D] To create stability in their lives.19. Why did some people choose not to divorce 20 years ago?[A] They feared the complicated procedures.[B] They wanted to go against the trend.[C] They were afraid of losing face.[D] They were willing to stay together.20. Years ago a divorced man in a company would have[A] been shifted around the country.[B] had difficulty being promoted.[C] enjoyed a happier life.[D] tasted little bitterness of disgrace.You now have 5 minutes to transfer all your answers from your test booklet to ANSWER SHEET 1.全国硕士研究生入学考试英语(二)National Entrance Test Of English for MA/MS Candidates(2002)考生注意事项1.考生必须严格遵守各项考场规则,得到监考人员指令后方可开始答题。
2002年全国高考物理试题(附答案)
第 页 共 4 页1 2002年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷)理科综合能力测试15.目前普遍认为,质子和中子都是由被称为u 夸克和d 夸克的两类夸克组成。
u 夸克带电量为32e ,d 夸克带电量31e ,e 为基元电荷。
下列论断可能正确的是 A 质子由1个u 夸克和1个d 夸克组成,中子由1个u 夸克和2个d 夸克组成B 质子由2个u 夸克和1个d 夸克组成,中子由1个u 夸克和2个d 夸克组成C 质子由1个u 夸克和2个d 夸克组成,中子由2个u 夸克和1个d 夸克组成D 质子由2个u 夸克和1个d 夸克组成,中子由1个u 夸克和1个d 夸克组成16、在光滑水平地面上有两个相同的弹性小球A 、B ,质量都为m 。
现B 球静止,A 球向B 球运动,发生正碰。
已知碰撞过程中总机械能守恒,两球压缩最紧时的弹性势能为E P ,则碰前A 球的速度等于A m E pB m E p 2C 2m E pD 2mE p 217.图中EF 、GH 为平行的金属导轨,其电阻可不计,R 为电阻器,C 为电容器,AB 为可在EF 和CH 上滑动的导体横杆。
有均匀磁场垂直于导轨平面。
若用I 1和I 2分别表示图中该处导线中的电流,则当横杆ABA 匀速滑动时,I 1=0,I 2=0B 匀速滑动时,I 1≠0,I 2≠0C 加速滑动时,I 1=0,I 2=0D 加速滑动时,I 1≠0,I 2≠018.质点所受的力F 随时间变化的规律如图所示,力的方向始终在一直线上。
已知t =0时质点的速度为零。
在图示t 1、t 2、t 3和t 4各时刻中,哪一时刻质点的动能最大?A t 1B t 2C t 3D t 419.为了观察门外情况,有人在门上开一小圆孔,将一块圆柱形玻璃嵌入其中,圆柱体轴线与门面垂直。
从圆柱底面中心看出去,可以看到的门外入射光线与轴线间的最大夹角称做视场角。
已知该玻璃的折射率为n ,圆柱长为l ,底面半径为r ,则视场角是A arcsin22nl r l + B arcsin 22nr r l + C arcsin 22rn r l + D arcsin 22l n r l +20.在如图所示的电路中,R 1、R 2、R 3和R 4皆为定值电阻,R 5为可变电阻,电源的电动势为ε,内阻为r 。
(详细解析版)2002年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(旧课程)(数学)文及答案
2002年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(数学)文及答案本试卷分第I 卷(选择题)和第II 卷(非选择题)两部分.第I 卷1至2页.第II 卷3至9页.共150分.考试时间120分钟.第Ⅰ卷(选择题共60分)一、选择题:本大题共12小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.一、选择题:本大题共12个小题,每小题5分,共60分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.1.直线01)1(=+++y x a 与圆0222=-+x y x 相切,则a 的值为 A .1,1- B .2,2- C .1 D .1- 【答案】D【解析】圆的标准方程为22(1)1x y -+=,显然当1a =-时直线为1y =-与圆相切.2.(同理科2)复数3)2321(i +的值是 A .i - B .i C .1- D .1 【答案】C【解析】方法一:332231111()()3())3))12222=+⨯+⨯+=-.方法二:331()(cos sin )cos3sin 3123333i i ππππ+=+=⨯+⨯=-. 【编者注】方法二《新课标》不作要求.3.(同理科3)不等式0|)|1)(1(>-+x x 的解集是 A .}10|{<≤x x B .0|{<x x 且}1-≠x C .}11|{<<-x x D .1|{<x x 且}1-≠x 【答案】D【解析】显然1x ≠±.①若0x ≥,则不等变形式为(1)(1)0x x +->,解得11x -<<,解为01x ≤<;②若0x <且1x ≠-,不等式变形为(1)(1)0x x ++>恒成立,所以不等式0|)|1)(1(>-+x x 的解集是1|{<x x 且}1-≠x .4.(同理科填空13)函数xa y =在]1,0[上的最大值与最小值这和为3,则a = A .21 B .2 C .4 D .41【答案】2【解析】不论函数是增函数还是减函数,都有013a a +=,所以2a =.5.(同理科4)在)2,0(π内,使x x cos sin >成立的x 的取值范围是 A .)45,()2,4(ππππ B .),4(ππ C .)45,4(ππ D .)23,45(),4(ππππ 【答案】C【解析】方法一:结合函数的图象易知C 正确,详解略. 方法二:不等式化为sin cos )04x x x π-=->,则04x ππ≤-≤,于是得544x ππ≤≤.6.(同理科5)设集合11{|,},{|,}2442k k M x x k Z N x x k Z ==+∈==+∈,则 A .N M = B .N M ⊂ C .N M ⊃ D .∅=N M【答案】B【解析】由于212{|,},{|,}44k k M x x k Z N x x k Z ++==∈==∈,21k +可以取所有的奇数,而2k +可以取所有的整数,所以N M ⊂.7.(同理科填空14)椭圆5522=+ky x 的一个焦点是)2,0(,那么=k A .1- B .1 C .5 D .5- 【答案】1【解析】椭圆焦点在y 轴上,标准方程为22151y x k+=,所以514k -=,即1k =. 8.(同理科7)一个圆锥和一个半球有公共底面,如果圆锥的体积恰好与半球的体积相等,那么这个圆锥轴截面顶角的余弦值是A .43 B .54 C .53 D .53- 【答案】C【解析】设圆锥的底面半径和高分别为,r h ,轴截面顶角为θ,由题设可得231233r h r ππ=,得2h r =,则1tan22θ=,所以221tan 32cos 51tan 2θθθ-==-.9.(同新理科9)已知10<<<<a y x ,则有 A .()log 0a xy < B .()0log 1a xy << C .()1log 2a xy << D .()log 2a xy > 【答案】D【解析】由已知得20xy a <<,而函数log a y x =为减函数,则()2log log 2a a xy a >=.10.(同理科9)函数2([0,))y x bx c x =++∈+∞是单调函数的充要条件是 A .0≥b B .0≤b C .0>b D .0<b 【答案】A【解析】函数的对称轴为2b x =-,显然函数2([0,))y x bx c x =++∈+∞是单调函数的充要条件是02b-≤,即0≥b .11.设)4,0(πθ∈,则二次曲线22cot tan 1x y θθ-=的离心率取值范围A .1(0,)2B .)22,21( C .)2,22( D .),2(+∞ 【答案】D【解析】由题设得二次曲线方程为22111cot tan x y θθ-=,即2211,cot tan a b θθ==,所以离心率c a===)4,0(πθ∈,所以22cos 1sin θθ>,则)c a ∈+∞.12.(同理11)从正方体的6个面中选取3个面,其中有2个面不相邻的选法共有 A .8种 B .12种 C .16种 D .20种 【答案】B【解析】使用间接法,首先分析从6个面中选取3个面,共36C 种不同的取法,而其中有2个面相邻,即8个角上3个相邻平面,选法有8种,则选法共有36812C -=种;故选B .第II 卷(非选择题共90分)二、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题4分,共16分.把答案填在题中横线.13.据新华社2002年3月12日电,1985年到2000年间.我国农村人均居住面积如图所示,其中,从 年到 年的五年间增长最快.【答案】1995;2000【解析】连续3个5年的增长量分别为3.1,3.2,3.7, 显然从1995年到2000年的五年间增长最快.14.(同新理科13)函数xxy +=12(),1(+∞-∈x )图象与其反函数图象的交点为 . 【答案】(0,0),(1,1)【解析】原函数与他的反函数的图象关于y x =对称,原函数与他的反函数如果有交点,那么交点一定在y x =上,联立方程21x y x=+与y x =解得交点坐标为(0,0),(1,1),注意到()1,x ∈-+∞,均符合条件.15.(同理科15)72)2)(1(-+x x 展开式中3x 的系数是 . 【答案】1008【解析】3x 的系数是164477(2)(2)1008C C -+-=.16.对于顶点在原点的抛物线,给出下列条件: ①焦点在y 轴上; ②焦点在x 轴上;③抛物线上横坐标为1的点到焦点的距离等于6;④抛物线的通径的长为5;⑤由原点向过焦点的某条直线作垂线,垂足坐标为)1,2(.能使这抛物线方程为x y 102=的条件是第 .(要求填写合适条件的序号) 【答案】②⑤【解析】抛物线方程为x y 102=的焦点在x 轴上;抛物线的焦点坐标为5(,0)2,则由抛物线的定义可知横坐标为1的点到焦点的距离等于57122+=;抛物线的通径的长为10;⑤中两直线斜率满足关系11015222-⨯=--.故②⑤符合题设.三、解答题:本大题共6小题,共74分,解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤. 17.(本小题12分)如图,某地一天从6时至14时的温度变化曲线近似满足函数b x A y ++=)sin(ϕω (Ⅰ)求这段时间的最大温差;(Ⅱ)写出这段时间的函数解析式. 【解】(Ⅰ)由图示,这段时间的最大温差是301020C -=︒.(Ⅱ)图中从6时到14时的图象是函数b x A y ++=)sin(ϕω的半个周期的图象.∴614221-=⋅ωπ,解得8πω=. 由图示,11(3010)10,(1030)2022A b =-==+=.这时,20)8sin(10++=ϕπx y .将10,6==y x 代入上式,可取43πϕ=. 综上,所求的解析式为310sin()20([6,14])84y x x ππ=++∈.18.(本小题12分)甲、乙物体分别从相距70米的两处同时相向运动.甲第1分钟走2米,以后每分钟比前1分钟多走1米,乙每分钟走5米.(Ⅰ)甲、乙开始运动后几分钟相遇?(Ⅱ)如果甲、乙到达对方起点后立即折返,甲继续每分钟比前1分钟多走1米,乙继续每分钟走5米,那么开始运动几分钟后第二相遇?【解】(Ⅰ)设n 分钟后第1次相遇,依题意,有7052)1(2=+-+n n n n , 整理得0140132=-+n n ,解得7,20n n ==-(舍). 第一次相遇是在开始后7分钟.(Ⅱ)设n 分钟后第2次相遇,依题意,有70352)1(2⨯=+-+n n n n , 整理得0420132=-+n n ,解得15,28n n ==-(舍). 第二次相遇是在开始后15分钟. 19.(同广东19)(本小题12分)四棱锥P ABCD -的底面是边长为a 的正方形,PB ⊥面ABCD . (Ⅰ)若面PAD 与面ABCD 所成的二面角为 60,求这个四棱锥的体积; (Ⅱ)证明无论四棱锥的高怎样变化,面PAD 与面PCD 所成的二面角恒大于 90.【解】本小题考查线面关系和二面角的概念,以及空间想象能力和逻辑推理能力,满分12分.(I )因为⊥PB 面ABCD .所以BA 是PA 在面ABCD 上的射影, 又AB DA ⊥,所以DA PA ⊥.∴PAB ∠是面PAD 与面ABCD 所成的二面角的平面角,∴ 60=∠PAB . 而PB 是四棱锥ABCD P -的高,tan 603PB AB a ==.3233331a a a V =⨯⨯=∴锥. (II )证:不论棱锥的高怎样变化,棱锥侧面PAD 与PCD 恒为全等三角形.作DP AE ⊥,垂足为E ,连结EC ,则CDE ADE ∆≅∆,90,=∠=∴CED CE AE .故CEA ∠是面PAD 与面PCD 所成的二面角的平面角. 设AC 与DB 相交于点O ,连结EO ,则AC EO ⊥. a AD AE OA a =<<=∴22. 在AEC ∆中,EC AE OA EC AE AEC ⨯⨯-+=∠2)2(cos 2220)2)(2(2<-+=AEOA AE OA AE . 所以,面PAD 与面PCD 所成的二面角恒大于90度.20.(本小题12分)设函数2()|2|1,f x x x x R =+-+∈. (Ⅰ)讨论)(x f 的奇偶性; (Ⅱ)求)(x f 的最小值.【解】(Ⅰ)3)2(=f ,7)2(=-f ,由于)2()2(f f ≠-,)2()2(f f -≠-, 故)(x f 既不是奇函数,也不是偶函数.(Ⅱ)223, 2,()1, 2.x x x f x x x x ⎧+-≥⎪=⎨-+<⎪⎩由于)(x f 在),2[+∞上的最小值为3)2(=f ,在)2,(-∞内的最小值为43)21(=f . 故函数)(x f 在),(∞-∞内的最小值为43.21.(本小题14分)已知点P 到两定点(1,0),(1,0)M N -距离的比为2,点N 到直线PM 的距离为1,求直线PN 的方程.【解】设P 的坐标为),(y x ,由题意有2||||=PN PM ,即2222)1(2)1(y x y x +-⋅=++,整理得01622=+-+x y x . ①因为点N 到PM 的距离为1,2||=MN .所以30PMN ∠=︒,直线PM 的斜率为33±. 直线PM 的方程为)1(33+±=x y . ② 将②代入①,整理得0142=+-x x .解得32+=x ,32-=x .则点P 坐标为)31,32(++或)31,32(+--,)31,32(--+或(23,13)--.直线PN 的方程为1-=x y 或1+-=x y .22.(同广东21)(本小题满分12分,附加题满分4分)(Ⅰ)给出两块面积相同的正三角形纸片(如图1,图2),要求用其中一块剪拼成一个正三棱锥模型,另一块剪拼成一个正三棱柱模型,使它们的全面积都与原三角形的面积相等,请设计一种剪拼方法,分别用虚线标示在图1、图2中,并作简要说明.(Ⅱ)试比较你剪拼的正三棱锥与正三棱柱的体积的大小. (Ⅲ)(本小题为附加题,如果解答正确,加4分,但全卷总分不超过150分.) 如果给出的是一块任意三角形的纸片(如图3),要求剪拼成一个直三棱柱模型,使它的全面积与给出的三角形的面积相等,请设计一种剪拼方法,用虚线标示在图3中,并作简要说明.【解】本小题主要考查空间想象能力、动手操作能力、探究能力和灵活运用所学知识解决现实问题的能力,满分12分,附加题4分.(I )如图1,沿正三角形三边中点连线折起,可拼得一个正三棱锥.如图2,正三角形三个角上剪出三个相同的四边形,其较长的一组邻边边长为三角形边长的41,有一组对角为直角,余下部分按虚线折起,可成为一个缺上底的正三棱柱,而剪出的三个相同的四边形恰好拼成这个正三棱柱的上底.(II )依上面剪拼的方法,有锥柱V V >.推理如下:设给出正三角形纸片的边长为2,那么,正三棱锥与正三棱柱的底面都是边长为1的正三角形,其面积为43,现在计算它们的高: 2236131(),tan 3032326h h =-⨯===锥柱. 13633()()34964V V h h ∴-=-⨯=-⨯锥柱锥柱024322<-=. 所以锥柱V V >. (III )(附加题,满分4分)如图3,分别连结三角形的内心与各顶点,得到三条线段,再以这三条线段的中点为顶点作三角形,以新作的三角形为直三棱柱的底面,过新三角形的三个顶点向原三角形三边作垂线,沿六条垂线剪下三个四边形,可以拼接成直三棱柱的上底、余下部分按虚线折起,成为一个缺上底的直三棱柱,即可得到直三棱柱模型.注:考生如有其他的剪拼方法,可比照本标准评分.。
[工程类试卷]2002年土地估价师(土地估价实务基础)真题试卷及答案与解析教程文件
2002年土地估价师(土地估价实务基础)真题试卷及答案与解析一、计算题答案要求列出算式、计算过程和计算结果;需按公式计算的,要求列出公式。
无计算过程、只有计算结果的不得分。
计算过程保留两位小数,计算最终结果保留整数。
单价用“元/平方米”,总价用“万元”表示。
1 某企业于2000年12月31日以出让方式取得了一宗土地使用年限为50年期的国有工业用地,土地总面积为3000m2,交纳的土地出让金为30元/m2,该宗地土地开发程度已达到“五通一平”(通路、通电、通水、通讯、排水及场地平整)。
2001年12月31日,该企业因改制需要进行土地价格评估,经调查,该地区土地取得费(含税费)平均为10万元/亩,“五通一平”土地开发费为8万元/亩,在土地开发期内均匀投入,土地开发周期为一年,银行贷款年利率为5.5%,投资利润率为10%,土地还原率为6%,50年期出让金水平仍保持不变,请测算该宗地于2001年12月31日的单位地价和总地价。
2 企业甲拥有一宗土地面积为20亩的国有出让土地,规划建设40000m2综合大楼和20000m2公寓,预计2年建成后即全部售出。
企业甲在完成前期投入后,拟将该宗地转让给房地产开发商乙。
经调查,该城市相似地段相同功能的综合楼售价为6000元/m2,公寓售价为45b0元/m2,同类结构的综合楼工程建筑费及专业费为2100元/m2,公寓为1800元/m2,在建筑期间,建筑费及专业费第一年投入40%,第二年投入60%,银行贷款年利率为5.5%,开发利润为总售侨的15%,销售税费为售价的5.5%。
根据以上条件完成以下计算。
1.该宗地在规划条件下的土地使用权价格。
2.经甲乙双方协商,房地产开发商乙准备以开发完成后的部分房地产按售价的90%给申作为地价的补偿,开发后的房地产销售税费由乙统一支付,如不考虑甲的前期投入和土地转让税费,试问甲除可得到14000m2综合楼外,还可分得的公寓面积是多少。
武汉理工大学 材料科学基础考研真题
武汉理工大学2002年研究生入学考试试题第一部分必做题一、下图是立方晶胞示意图,其中I位于HA的中点,J、K、L分别是BCFE、CDGF、EFGH 三个面的中心:(12分)1.请你在图上标出或分别写出BCFE CDGF EFGH BCI BDGE ACG 六个晶面的晶面指数(密勒指数)。
2.写出AB AC AE AF AG AJ AK AL 八个晶向的晶向指数。
3.写出{111}晶面族的所有等价晶面。
二、Na2O晶体结构属于萤石型结构。
(15分)1.试画出Na2O的晶胞结构图。
2.根据晶胞结构指出3离子的配位数。
3.该结构存在解理现象吗?请说明理由。
4. Na2O晶体在扩散温度范围进行扩散处理时,结构中易出现何种机制的扩散?为什么?5.在Na2OcaOSiO2系统玻璃中,Na2O对该体系玻璃的电导率和化学稳定性有什么影响?怎样抑制其不利影响?三、(16分)1.写出如下杂质进入基质晶体后可能出项的典型的缺陷反应方程式(即对应典型的置换型固溶体和间隙型固溶体的形成过程的方程式)。
(1)MgO加入Al2O3中;(2)TiO2加入Al2O3中;2.据此总结书写组成缺陷反应方程式的规律性。
3.烧结Al2O3陶瓷时经常加入MgO或TiO2以降低烧结温度,根据缺陷化学原理说明加入哪一种外加剂更能促进烧结。
四、下图是ABC三元系统相图,其中有二个二元化合物D F及一个三元化合物G。
根据此相图完成下列问题:(20分)1.划分副三角形,用剪头表示界线上温度下降的方向(包括各二元系统)。
2.写出M点配料的熔体平衡冷却析晶时固、液相组成的变化过程。
3.计算熔体M结晶结束时,各相的百分含量(以线段比表示)。
若液相组成刚到达该结晶结束点时,各相的百分含量又为若干(同样以线段表示)?4.加热组成为P Q 的物料,在什么温度下开始出现液相,到什么温度时完全熔融?五、叙述相变的总体分类方法:从热力学分来,可以细分为哪几类?并举例说明。
2002年真题
2002年真题1.根据《国际贸易术语解释通则2000》的规定,下列哪一种贸易需由卖方办理进口手续?A.FASB.DEQC.DDPD.DDU2.1997年7月20日,香港甲公司给厦门乙公司发出要约称:“鳗鱼饲料数量180吨,单价CIF厦门980美元,总值176,400美元,合同订立后三个月装船,不可撤销即期信用证付款,请电复”。
厦门乙公司还盘:“接受你方发盘,在订立合同后请立即装船”。
对此香港甲公司没有回音,也一直没有装船。
厦门乙公司认为香港甲公司违约。
在此情形下,下列选项哪个是正确的?A.甲公司应于订立合同后立即装船B.甲公司应于订立合同后三个月装船C.甲公司一直未装船是违约行为D.该合同没有成立3.下列哪一损失不属于中国人民保险公司海洋运输货物保险中平安险承保的责任范围?A.被保险货物在运输途中由于自然灾害造成的货物的全部损失B.被保险货物在运输送中由于意外事故造成的货物的全部损失C.被保险货物在运输途中由于意外事故造成的货物的部分损失D.被保险货物在运输途中由于自然灾害造成的货物的部分损失4.依据《海牙规则》的规定,下列有关承运人适航义务的表述中哪个是错误的?A.承运人应在整个航程中使船舶处于适航状态B.承运人应在开航前与开航时谨慎处理使船舶处于适航状态C.承运人应适当地配备船员、的设备和船舶供应品D.承运人应使货舱、的冷藏舱和该船其他运载货物的部位适宜并能安全地收受、的运送和保管货物6.设下列各公司所属国均为1980年《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的缔约国,依公约的规定,下列哪几种情况适用公约?A.营业地位于中国的两个不同国家的公司订立的关于电视机的买卖合同B.营业地位于不同国家的两公司订立的补偿贸易合同,其中服务未构成供货方的绝大部分义务C.营业地位于不同国家的两公司关于食糖的贸易合同D.营业地位于不同国家的两公司订立的补偿贸易合同,其中服务构成了供货方的绝大部分义务8.2000年《国际贸易术语解释通则》有关FCA贸易术语下交货与装货义务的规定包括下列哪些内容?A.当卖方在其所在地交货时,应由买方负责装货B.当卖方在其所在地交货时,应由卖方负责装货C.当卖方在其他地点交货时,则当货物在卖方的运输工具上尚未卸货即完成交货D.当卖方在其他地点交货时,则卖方应负责将货物运至交货地点并卸下才完成交货9.根据《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的规定,下列关于逾期承诺的效力的表述,哪些是正确的?A.如要约人毫不迟延地向受要约人表示接受逾期承诺,则逾期承诺仍然有效B.对由于邮递延误造成的逾期承诺,只要要约人毫不迟延地表示接受,则该逾期承诺仍然有效C.由于邮递延误造成的逾期承诺具有承诺的效力,除非要约人毫不迟延地通知受要约人其认为要约已失效D.非因邮递原因造成的逾期承诺应当为有效承诺,除非要约人毫不迟延地表示其认为要约已失效10.在国际海上货物运输中,如承运人签发的是指示提单,下列关于该提单的表述中哪些是正确的?A.提单正面载明了收货人的名称B.提单在转让时不需要背书,只要将提单交给受让人即可C.提单的转让必须经过背书D.提单中的收货人一栏没有具体的收货人名称,而是载明“凭指示”的字样11.下列哪些行为属于国际贸易支付中的拒付?A.付款人拒绝承兑B.付款人破产C.付款人死亡D.付款人避而不见1、答案:C.解析:依据《国际贸易术语解释通则2000》的规定,E组、F组、C组、D组中买卖双方承担的义务是逐渐减小,卖方的义务是逐渐加大的。
2002年考研英语真题及解析
2002年全国攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C OR D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10points)Comparisons were drawn between the development of television in the 20th century and the diffusion of printing in the 15th and 16th centuries.Yet much had happened 1.As was discussed before,it was not 2the 19th century that the newspaper became the dominant pre-electronic_3_,following in the wake of the pamphlet and the book and in the 4of the periodical.It was during the same time that the communications revolution 5up,beginning with transport,the railway,and leading 6through the telegraph,the telephone,radio,and motion pictures 7the 20th century world of the motor car and the air plane.Not everyone sees that Process in 8.It is important to do so.It is generally recognized,9,that the introduction of the computer in the early 20th century,10by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s,radically changed the process,11its impact on the media was not immediately 12.As time went by,computers became smaller and more powerful,and they became “personal”too,as well as 13,with display becoming sharper and storage 14increasing.They were thought of,like people,15generations,with the distance between generations much 16.It was within the computer age that the term “information society”began to be widely used to describe the 17within which we now live.The communications revolution has 18both work and leisure and how we think and feel both about place and time,but there have been 19view about its economic,political,social and cultural implications.“Benefits”have been weighed 20“harmful”outcomes.And generalizations have proved difficult.1.[A]between[B]before [C]since [D]later 2.[A]after[B]by [C]during [D]until 3.[A]means[B]method [C]medium [D]measure 4.[A]process[B]company [C]light [D]form 5.[A]gathered[B]speeded [C]worked [D]picked 6.[A]on[B]out [C]over [D]off 7.[A]of[B]for [C]beyond [D]into 8.[A]concept[B]dimension [C]effect [D]perspective 9.[A]indeed[B]hence [C]however [D]therefore 10.[A]brought[B]followed [C]stimulated [D]characterized 11.[A]unless[B]since [C]lest [D]although 12.[A]apparent [B]desirable [C]negative [D]plausible 供学习参考Q13.[A]institutional [B]universal [C]fundamental [D]instrumental 14.[A]ability [B]capability [C]capacity [D]faculty 15.[A]by means of [B]in terms of [C]with regard to [D]in line with 16.[A]deeper [B]fewer [C]nearer [D]smaller 17.[A]context [B]range [C]scope [D]territory 18.[A]regarded [B]impressed [C]influenced [D]effected 19.[A]competitive [B]controversial [C]distracting [D]irrational 20.[A]above [B]upon [C]against [D]withSection II Reading ComprehensionPart A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing [A],[B],[C]or [D].Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.(40points)Text 1If you intend using humor in your talk to make people smile,you must know how to identify shared experiences and problems.Your humor must be relevant to the audience and should help to show them that you are one of them or that you understand their situation and are in sympathy with their point of view.Depending on whom you are addressing,the problems will be different.If you are talking to a group of managers,you may refer to the disorganized methods of their secretaries;alternatively if you are addressing secretaries,you may want to comment on their disorganized bosses.Here is an example,which I heard at a nurses’convention,of a story which works well because the audience all shared the same view of doctors.A man arrives in heaven and is being shown around by St.Peter.He sees wonderful accommodations,beautiful gardens,sunny weather,and so on.Everyone is very peaceful,polite and friendly until,waiting in a line for lunch,the new arrival is suddenly pushed aside by a man in a white coat,who rushes to the head of the line,grabs his food and stomps over to a table by himself.“Who is that?”the new arrival asked St.Peter.“Oh,that’s God,”came the reply,“but sometimes he thinks he’s a doctor.”If you are part of the group which you are addressing,you will be in a position to know the experiences and problems which are common to all of you and it’ll be appropriate for you to make a passing remark about the inedible canteen food or the chairman’s notorious bad taste in ties.With other audiences you mustn’t attempt to cut in with humor as they will resent an outsider making disparaging remarks about their canteen or their chairman.You will be on safer ground if you stick to scapegoats like the Post Office or the telephone system.If you feel awkward being humorous,you must practice so that it becomes more natural.Include a few casual and apparently off-the-cuff remarks which you can deliver in a relaxed and unforced manner.Often it’s the delivery which causes the 供学习参考Qaudience to smile,so speak slowly and remember that a raised eyebrow or an unbelieving look may help to show that you are making a light-hearted remark.Look for the humor.It often comes from the unexpected.A twist on a familiar quote “If at first you don’t succeed,give up”or a play on words or on a situation.Search for exaggeration and understatement.Look at your talk and pick out a few words or sentences which you can turn about and inject with humor.21.To make your humor work,you should.[A]take advantage of different kinds of audience[B]make fun of the disorganized people[C]address different problems to different people[D]show sympathy for your listeners22.The joke about doctors implies that,in the eyes of nurses,they are.[A]impolite to new arrivals[B]very conscious of their godlike role[C]entitled to some privileges[D]very busy even during lunch hours23.It can be inferred from the text that public services .[A]have benefited many people[B]are the focus of public attention[C]are an inappropriate subject for humor[D]have often been the laughing stock24.To achieve the desired result,humorous stories should be delivered.[A]in well-worded language[B]as awkwardly as possible[C]in exaggerated statements[D]as casually as possible25.The best title for the text may be .[A]Use Humor Effectively[B]Various Kinds of Humor[C]Add Humor to Speech[D]Different Humor Strategies Text 2Since the dawn of human ingenuity,people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous,boring,burdensome,or just plain nasty.That compulsion has resulted in robotics —the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines.And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of science fiction,they have begun to come close.As a result,the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms.Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the 供学习参考Qtransaction.Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers.And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics,there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy—far greater precision than highly skilled physicians can achieve with their hands alone.But if robots are to reach the next stage of laborsaving utility,they will have to operate with less human supervision and be able to make at least a few decisions for themselves—goals that pose a real challenge.“While we know how to tell a robot to handle a specific error,"says Dave Lavery,manager of a robotics program at NASA,“we can't yet give a robot enough ‘common sense’to reliably interact with a dynamic world.”Indeed the quest for true artificial intelligence has produced very mixed results.Despite a spell of initial optimism in the 1960s and 1970s when it appeared that transistor circuits and microprocessors might be able to copy the action of the human brain by the year 2010,researchers lately have begun to extend that forecast by decades if not centuries.What they found,in attempting to model thought,is that the human brain's roughly one hundred billion nerve cells are much more talented—and human perception far more complicated—than previously imagined.They have built robots that can recognize the error of a machine panel by a fraction of a millimeter in a controlled factory environment.But the human mind can glimpse a rapidly changing scene and immediately disregard the 98percent that is irrelevant,instantaneously focusing on the monkey at the side of a winding forest road or the single suspicious face in a big crowd.The most advanced computer systems on Earth can't approach that kind of ability,and neuroscientists still don’t know quite how we do it.26.Human ingenuity was initially demonstrated in .[A]the use of machines to produce science fiction.[B]the wide use of machines in manufacturing industry.[C]the invention of tools for difficult and dangerous work.[D]the elite’s cunning tackling of dangerous and boring work.27.The word “gizmos”(line 1,paragraph 2)most probably means .[A]programs [B]experts [C]devices [D]creatures28.According to the text,what is beyond man's ability now is to design a robotthat can.[A]fulfill delicate tasks like performing brain surgery.[B]interact with human beings verbally.[C]have a little common sense.[D]respond independently to a changing world.29.Besides reducing human labor,robots can also .[A]make a few decisions for themselves.[B]deal with some errors with human intervention.[C]improve factory environments.[D]cultivate human creativity.供学习参考Q30.Theauthor uses the example of a monkey to argue that robots are .[A]expected to copy human brain in internal structure.[B]able to perceive abnormalities immediately.[C]far less able than human brain in focusing on relevant information.[D]best used in a controlled environment.Text 3Could the bad old days of economic decline be about to return?Since OPEC agreed to supply-cuts in March,the price of crude oil has jumped to almost $26a barrel,up from less than $10last December.This near-tripling of oil prices calls up scary memories of the 1973oil shock,when prices quadrupled,and 1979-1980,when they also almost tripled.Both previous shocks resulted in double-digit inflation and global economic decline.So where are the headlines warning of gloom and doom this time?The oil price was given another push up this week when Iraq suspended oil exports.Strengthening economic growth,at the same time as winter grips the northern hemisphere,could push the price higher still in the short term.Yet there are good reasons to expect the economic consequences now to be less severe than in the 1970s.In most countries the cost of crude oil now accounts for a smaller share of the price of petrol than it did in the 1970s.In Europe,taxes account for up to four-fifths of the retail price,so even quite big changes in the price of crude have a more muted effect on pump prices than in the past.Rich economies are also less dependent on oil than they were,and so less sensitive to swings in the oil price.Energy conservation,a shift to other fuels and a decline in the importance of heavy,energy-intensive industries have reduced oil consumption.Software,consultancy and mobile telephones use far less oil than steel or car production.For each dollar of GDP (in constant prices)rich economies now use nearly 50%less oil than in 1973.The OECD estimates in its latest Economic Outlook that,if oil prices averaged $22a barrel for a full year,compared with $13in 1998,this would increase the oil import bill in rich economies by only 0.25-0.5%of GDP.That is less than one-quarter of the income loss in 1974or 1980.On the other hand,oil-importing emerging economies—to which heavy industry has shifted—have become more energy-intensive,and so could be more seriously squeezed.One more reason not to lose sleep over the rise in oil prices is that,unlike the rises in the 1970s,it has not occurred against the background of general commodity-price inflation and global excess demand.A sizable portion of the world is only just emerging from economic decline.The Economist’s commodity price index is broadly unchanging from a year ago.In 1973commodity prices jumped by 70%,and in 1979by almost 30%.31.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is_______[A]global inflation.[B]reduction in supply.[C]fast growth in economy.[D]Iraq’s suspension of exports.32.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up 供学习参考Qdramatically if______.[A]price of crude rises.[B]commodity prices rise.[C]consumption rises.[D]oil taxes rise.33.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_______.[A]heavy industry becomes more energy-intensive.[B]income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil prices.[C]manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezed.[D]oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP.34.We can draw a conclusion from the text that_______.[A]oil-price shocks are less shocking now.[B]inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocks.[C]energy conservation can keep down the oil prices.[D]the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry.35.From the text we can see that the writer seems__________.[A]optimistic.[B]sensitive.[C]gloomy.[D]scared.Text 4The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide,the Court in effect supported the medical principle of “double effect”,a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’pain,even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Nancy Dubler,director of Montefiore Medical Center,contends that the principle will shield doctors who “until now have very,very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient medication to control their pain if that might hasten death”.George Annas,chair of the health law department at Boston University,maintains that,as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose,the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death.“It’s like surgery,”he says.“We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients,although they risked their death.If you’re a physician,you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide.”On another level,many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has prolonged the physical agony of dying.Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide,the National Academy of Science (NAS)released a two-volume report,Approaching Death:Improving Care at the End of Life .It identifies the undertreatment of pain and the aggressive use of “ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and 供学习参考Qeven dishonor the period of dying”as the twin problems of end-of-life care.The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices,to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies,to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care,and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care.“Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering”,to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse”.He says medical licensing boards “must make it clear...that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension”.36.From the first three paragraphs,we learn that.[A]doctors used to increase drug dosages to control their patients’pain[B]it is still illegal for doctors to help the dying end their lives[C]the Supreme Court strongly opposes physician-assisted suicide[D]patients have no constitutional right to commit suicide37.Which of the following statements its true according to the text?[A]Doctors will be held guilty if they risk their patients’death.[B]Modern medicine has assisted terminally ill patients in painless recovery.[C]The Court ruled that high-dosage pain-relieving medication can beprescribed.[D]A doctor’s medication is no longer justified by his intentions.38.According to the NAS’s report,one of the problems in end-of-life care is .[A]prolonged medical procedures [B]inadequate treatment of pain[C]systematic drug abuse [D]insufficient hospital care39.Which of the following best defines the word “aggressive”(line 4,paragraph7)?[A]Bold.[B]Harmful.[C]Careless.[D]Desperate40.George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they .[A]manage their patients incompetently[B]give patients more medicine than needed[C]reduce drug dosages for their patients[D]prolong the needless suffering of the patientsPart BDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(10points)Almost all our major problems involve human behavior,and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone.What is needed is a technology of behavior,but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology 供学习参考Qmight be drawn.(41)One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind,feelings,traits of character,human nature,and so on.Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them.(42)The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find.The environment is obviously important,but its role has remained obscure.It does not push or pull,it selects ,and this function is difficult to discover and analyze.(43)The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago,and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied.As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood,however,effects once assigned to states of mind,feelings,and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions,and a technology of behavior may therefore become available.It will not solve our problems,however,until it replaces traditional prescientific views,and these are strongly entrenched.Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty.(44)They are the possessions of the autonomous(self-governing)man of traditional theory,and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements.A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment.It also raises questions concerning “values”.Who will use a technology and to what ends?(45)Until these issues are resolved,a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected,and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.Section III Writing 46.Directions:Study the following picture carefully and write an essay entitled “Cultures National and International”.In the essay you should1.describe the picture and interpret its meaning,and2.give your comment on the phenomenon.You should write about 200words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.(20points)供学习参考QAn American girl in traditional Chinese costume (服装)供学习参考Q第一部分英语知识应用试题解析一、文章总体分析本文主要介绍了计算机的发展对通信革命及人们的生存方式产生的影响。
全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试刑法学试题及答案
A.文理解释和论理解释 B.立法解释和学理解释
C.司法解释和立法解释 D.学理解释和文理解释
6.我国刑法的目的是( A )
A.惩罚犯罪 B.预防犯罪刑罚的目的 C.改造犯罪 D.消灭犯罪
A.毒品犯罪的违法所得及其收益 B.走私犯罪的违法所得及其收益
C.黑社会性质的犯罪的违法所得及其收益 D.贪污贿赂犯罪的违法所得及其收益
E.诈骗犯罪的违法所得及其收益
35.下列犯罪属于侵犯公民人身权利的犯罪有( ABCDE )
A.故意杀人罪B.强奸妇女罪C.猥亵儿童罪 D.绑架罪 E.非法搜查罪
32.下列犯罪,属于实质一罪的是( ABD )
A.想象竞合犯 B.结果加重犯 C.连续犯D.继续犯 E.结合犯
33.我国刑法规定的附加刑包括( ABCD )
A.剥夺政治权利 B.罚金 C.没收财产D.驱逐出境 E.管制
34.洗钱罪的犯罪对象是( ABC )
答:刑法上作为义务的来源包括三个方面:
(1)法律明文规定的特定义务;(2)职务或业务上要求履行的特定义务;
(3)法律行为引起的义务。 (4)先前行为引起的义务。
42.简述我国刑法总则对死刑适用的限制。
答:(1)死刑只能适用于罪行极其严重的犯罪分子。
(2)对犯罪时不满18周岁的人和审判的时候怀孕的妇女不适用死刑。
3.我国刑法对于空间效力的规定,采取的是( D )
A.属地原则B.属人原则C.保护原则D.以属地原则为主,兼采属人原则、保护原则和普遍原则
4.犯罪行为的本质特征是( B )
A.危害国家和人民利益B.危害社会C.违反法律 D.应受法律惩罚
5.刑法解释,从解释的方法上分类,可分为( A )
2002年全国计算机软件专业资格和水平考试系统分析员级试题及答案
2002年全国计算机软件专业资格和水平考试系统分析员级试题及答案●适用于TCP/IP网络管理的基本协议是__(1)__,其对应的管理信息库为__(2)__。
供选择的答案:(1):A.CMIS B.CMIP C.SNMPD.SMTP(2):A.MIB-1 B.MIB-2 C.MIB-4D.RMON●采用美国数据加密标准DES进行数据加密时,加密算法中的基本运算不包括__(3)__。
供选择的答案:(3):A.臵换运算B.模加运算C.模乘运算D.移位运算●关于 RSA 算法下列说法不正确的是__(4)__。
供选择的答案:(4):A.RSA 算法是一种对称加密算法B.RSA 算法的运算速度比DES慢C.RSA 算法可用于某种数字签名方案D.RSA 的安全性主要基于素因子分解的难度●下图为一个确定的有限自动机 DFA 的状态转换图,有向弧<i,j>上可以标记、十进制数字‘d’、正负号‘+/d d初态+/-dd有向弧<0,3>和<1,3>的标记为__(5)__;有向弧<1,2>和<2,4>的标记为__(6)__;有向弧<2,6>和<4,6>的标记为__(7)__;有向弧<4,5>和<5,6>的标记为__(8)__;有向弧<5,5>、<6,8>和<6,7>的标记为__(9)__。
供选择的答案:(5):A.‘d’和‘d’B.‘.’和‘d’C.‘.’和‘.’D.‘d’和‘.’(6):A.‘d’和‘e’B.‘d’和‘.’C.‘e’和‘.’D.‘e’和‘d’(7):A.‘+/-’和‘e’B.‘e’和‘d’C.‘e’和‘+/-’D.‘e’和‘e’(8):A.‘e’和‘d’B.‘.’和‘d’C.‘d’和‘e’D.‘e’和‘+/-’(9):A.‘d’、‘d’和‘+/-’B.‘d’、‘.’和‘d’C.‘d’、‘+/-’和‘d’D.‘d’、‘.’和‘e’●在下面所列举的逻辑测试覆盖中,测试覆盖最强的是__(10)__,最弱的是__(11)__。
2002年机电设备评估基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2002年机电设备评估基础真题试卷(题后含答案及解析) 题型有:1. 单项选择题 2. 多项选择题 3. 综合题单项选择题共30题,每题1分。
每题的备选项中,只有l个最符合题意。
1.以下机电产品中,按设备用途分类属于通用机械的是( )。
A.普通车床B.汽车C.风机D.印刷机正确答案:C解析:本题的考核要点是机器设备的分类。
A为按基本属性分类;B为按用途分类,属交通运输机械;D为轻工机械。
2.机器生产的工艺过程是指( )。
A.将原材料转变为成品的全部过程B.产品和部件的安装、调整、检验、试验、油漆与包装的全部过程C.按一定顺序改变生产对象的形状、尺寸、相对位置或性质,使其成为成品或半成品的过程D.由一个或一组工人,在一个工作地点对同一个或同时对几个工件连续完成的加工过程正确答案:C解析:本题的考核要点为机器生产工艺过程的基本概念。
C项符合定义,D 项为工序概念。
3.由于加工过程中的种种原因,实际上不可能把零件做得绝对准确并同理想的几何参数完全相符,总会产生一些偏离。
这种偏离就是( )。
A.加工精度B.加工偏差C.加工误差D.公差正确答案:C解析:本题的考核要点为加工误差的概念。
4.以下关于铸造的4个必要工作步骤中,表述不正确的是( )。
A.制造与零件形状相同的铸型B.制备成分、温度都合适的液态金属C.将液态金属浇注到铸型空腔内D.凝固后取出铸件并清理它的表面和内腔正确答案:A解析:本题考核要点为毛坯生产中铸造的基本内容。
BCD的表述均是正确的,A项答案应为制造只有和零件形状相适应空腔的铸型。
5.下列机构中,能将直线运动变为回转运动的是( )机构。
A.普通螺旋B.蜗杆传动C.曲柄滑块D.凸轮正确答案:C解析:本题的考核要点为机器上常用的传动机构的应用。
A为普通螺旋运动,主要用来将回转运动变为直线运动;B为蜗杆运动,主要是将回转运动变为绕轴运动;D为凸轮运动,主要是将回转运动变为往复移动或摆动。
6.如图1所示的传动系统图,主轴可以有( )种转速。
2002年注册岩土工程师专业知识考试真题及答案下午卷
2002年注册岩土工程师专业知识考试真题及答案下午卷一、单项选择题1、在软土地基上快速填筑土堤,验算土堤的极限高度时,地基承载能力应采用以下( )种方法来确定。
(A) 控制相对沉降值s/b=0.01所对应的荷载(B) 塑性变形区开展至一定深度的计算公式(C) 极限承载力计算公式(D) 临塑荷载计算公式2、按?建筑地基根底设计标准?(GB 50007—2002)的规定计算的沉降,按其性质应属于以下( )种条件组合。
Ⅰ.包括施工期在内的全部沉降Ⅱ.施工完毕后产生的沉降Ⅲ.反映了上部构造与根底刚度的影响Ⅳ.没有反映上部构造与根底刚度的影响(A) Ⅱ、Ⅲ (B) Ⅱ、Ⅳ (C) Ⅰ、Ⅳ (D) Ⅰ、Ⅲ3、温克尔弹性地基模型的根本概念是假定地基所受的压力强度P与该点的变形S成正比,其比例系数称为基床系数,以下( )条是基床系数的正确单位。
(A) kN/m (B) kN/m2(C) kN/m3(D) kN/m44、按照?建筑地基根底设计标准?(GB 50007—2002),确定沉降计算经历系数时,以下( )条内容是必要和充分的依据。
(A) 基底总压力、计算深度范围内地基土压缩模量的平均值以及地基承载力特征值(B) 基底附加压力、计算深度范围内地基土压缩模量的当量值以及地基承载力特征值(C) 基底附加压力、计算深度范围内地基土压缩模量的平均值以及地基承载力特征值(D) 基底附加压力、计算深度范围内地基土压缩模量的当量值5、在软土地基上(地下水位在地面下0.5 m)快速填筑土堤,验算土堤的极限高度时应采用以下( )种抗剪强度试验指标。
(A) 排水剪(B) 固结不排水剪(C) 不固结不排水剪(D) 剩余抗剪强度6、建筑物单柱根底面积为4 m×6 m,基底附加压力p0=30 kPa,那么根底中心点下深度z=2 m处的垂直附加应力σz。
最接近( )。
(A) 28 kPa (B) 23 kPa (C) 19 kPa (D) 25 kPa7、在软土地区建筑地下车库,地下水位为0.5 m,车库顶面覆±1 m,底板埋深5 m,柱网间距8 m请问以下根底方案中( )种方案是比拟适当的。
【煤气】基础考试题及答案
【煤气】基础考试题及答案1、【单选题】2002年颁布的职业病目录规定,我国法定的职业病分为( )大类。
(C)A、5B、9C、102、【单选题】TRT需紧急停机时,紧急切断阀能在( )内使煤气切断,透平机自动停车(B)A、0.5sB、1sC、1.5s;D、2s3、【单选题】一氧化碳的着火温度为( )℃。
(B)A、630B、610C、5804、【单选题】严禁一氧化碳含量高于( )的煤气管道埋地敷设。
(B)A、5%B、10%C、20%5、【单选题】从安全生产的角度,( )是指可能造成人员伤害、疾病、财产损失、作业环境破坏或其他损失的根源或状态。
(C)A、危险B、危险度C、危险源6、【单选题】停运的煤气管道超过三个月,投运前要进行( )试验。
(C)A、强度B、测厚C、严密性7、【单选题】发生煤气中毒、着火、爆炸和大量泄漏煤气等事故,应立即报告( )。
(A)A、调度室和煤气防护站B、车间主任C、值班长8、【单选题】在停运的焦炉煤气或混合煤气管道内动火前,需要清理沉积物的主要原因是( )。
(B)A、沉积物的成份以萘为主,萘受热与空气混合达到一定比例会发生爆炸B、沉积物燃点低受热极易着火C、沉积物对作业人员的眼鼻刺激太大9、【单选题】在查找煤气泄漏点时,因CO浓度大于检测仪量程,可选用( )进行查找。
(B)A、肥皂水B、O检定管C、停产方法10、【单选题】天然气是一种无色、无毒、无腐蚀性的可燃气体,主要成份为CH₄,其主要危险性( )。
(A)A、使人缺氧窒息死亡B、使人甲烷中毒死亡C、不完全燃烧产生二氧化碳窒息11、【单选题】对( )损伤的伤员,不能用一人抬头、一人抱腿或人背的方法搬运。
(B)A、面部B、脊柱C、头部12、【单选题】工作场所一氧化碳含量大于30mg/m³但不超过50mg/m³时,连续工作时间不应超过( )。
(B)A、1.5hB、1hC、0.5h13、【单选题】布帘式煤气柜应设调平装置及( )装置,防止气柜发生冲顶事故。
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2002年一级注册结构工程师考试基础课试题及答案(下午)1.下列关于计算机存储器的叙述是错误的?(A ) 任何计算机都必须要有内存储器(B ) ROM 、RAM 都是内存储器(C ) CD-ROM 是外存储器的一种(D ) CPU 可以直接访问硬盘2.不允许出现无名公用区的程序块是:(A ) 数据块子程序(B ) 函数子程序(C ) 子例行程序(D ) 主程序3.当a=4,执行完下列语句后,b 的值为:if (a.gt.3) thenif (a .eq. 3)b =3b =2else if (a. lt . 4) thenb = 1if ( a .eq .4) b =4endif(A) 4 (B) 3 (C) 2 (D) 14.对于INTEGER A (2,2),下列答案中能达到完全相同的输入效果的一对是:(1) read (*, *) A (1, 1), A (1, 2) , A (2, 1), A (2, 2,)(2 ) read (*, *) A(3 ) do 10 I =1, 2do 10 J =1, 210 read (*, *) A (J, I )(4 ) read (*, * ) ( (A (I ,j ), J= 1, 2 ), I= 1 , 2 )(A) ( 1 )和( 2 ) (B) ( 1 ) 和 ( 3 )(C) ( 1 ) 和 ( 4 ) (D) ( 3 ) 和 ( 4 )5. 下列程序的输入结果为:common T (4)data T/1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0/external Pcall sub ( 3, 4, P, m )write ( *, * ) mendsubroutinue sub (m, n, t, k)k = t (m) + t (n)end(A) 18.0 (B) 7.0 (C) 7 (D) 186. 设ωi 是用f (x )的(n ≥1)次Lagrange 插值公式近似代替f (x )来计算定积分()b a f x dx ⎰ 的数值求积公式的求积系数,即:0()()n b i a i f x dx f x ω=≈∑⎰,则有: (A ) ωi >0 (B )0n i i b a ω=≡-∑ (C ) 0n i i b a ω=≡-∑ (D ) 0ni i b a ω=≡-∑.7.解非线性方程f (x )=0的牛顿-雷扶生(Newton-Raphson )迭代方法在单根x*附近具有:(A )平方收敛 (B )线性收敛(C )3阶收敛 (D )非局部线性收敛8.若A 为下列何项,则A 一定右以分解为A=LL T ,其中L 为非奇异下三角阵。
(A )对称正定阵 (B )非奇异矩阵(C )对称阵 (D )按行严格对角占优阵9.设数表取自某多项式P (x ),则由此表可确定该多项式P (x )的次数为:(A ) 1次 (B ) 2次(C ) 3次 (D)4次10. 用欧拉(Euler )方法解常微分方程初值问题()2,1.0 1.0,dy y y dx x x y ⎧⎛⎫=+⎪ ⎪⎨⎝⎭⎪=⎩(1.0≤x ≤1.2) 取h = 0.1 , 则在节点x 2 = 1.2 处的数值解为:(A )1.1281 (B) 1.2281(C) 1.3281 (D) 1.428111. 联结三个刚片的铰结点,相当的约束个数为:(A )2个 (B )3 个(C )4个 (D )5个12.叠加原理用于求解静定结构的位移时,需要满足条件是:(A )位移微小且材料是线弹性的 (B )位移是微小的(A )应变是微小的 (D )材料是线弹性的13.作用于静定多跨梁基本部分的荷载在附属部分上(A )绝对不产生内力 (B )一般不产生内力(C )一般会产生内力 (D )一定会产生内力14.求图示梁铰C 左侧截面的转角时,其虚拟状态应取:(A )15.图中取A 支座反力为力法的基本未知量X 1 (向上为正),则X 为:(A ) 3P/16(B ) 4P/16(C ) 5P/16(D ) 不定,取决于EI 值16.超静定结构在温度变化和支座移动作用下的内力和位移计算中,各杆的刚度应为:(A ) 均用相对值(B ) 均必须用绝对值(C ) 内力计算用相对值,位移计算用绝对值(D ) 内力计算用绝对值,位移计算用相对值17.图示结构用位移法计算时最少的未知数为:(A ) 1(B ) 2(C ) 3(D ) 418.图示结构EI 为常数,用力矩分配法计算时,分配系数1A μ为:(A )411 (B)512 (C )18 (D )53319.单位移动荷载通过一串简支小梁及其结点间接作用于主梁,则主梁影响线在各结点间:(A)部分为直线,部分为直线 (B )均为曲线(C )均为直线 (D )竖标为零20.图示体系的自振频率为:(A )(B (C (D21.某饱和土样的含水量为30%,土粒相对密度(比重)为2.75 , 干密度为1.507g/cm3,则该土样的孔隙比为:(A)0.825 (B) 0.785 (C) 1.372 (D) 1.12522. 与竖向附加应力计算无关的量是:(A)基础埋深(B)土的变形模量(D)土层厚度(D)土的重度23.据太沙基一维固结理论,平均固结度U=90%时相应的时间因子T V =0.848。
若某地基粘土层厚度为10m,固结系数为0.001cm2/s,粘土层上、下均为透水砂层,则该粘土层平均固结度达到底90%所需时间为:(A)3.36年 (B) 2.69年 (C) 26.88年 (D) 6.72年24. 用临塑荷载作为浅基础的地基承载力是:(A)偏不安全的(B)偏保守的(C)合理的(D)毫无理论根据的25.下列各种地基其勘探和试验方法中,属于原位试验的有:(A)静力触探、标准贯入试验、旁压试验(B)压缩试验、标准贯入试验、旁压试验(C)动力试验、标准贯入试验、三轴试验(D)动力触探、钻探、直剪试验26.下列说法,何种是错的?(A)用土的抗剪强度指标,按地基承载力理论公式算得的承载力,是地基承载力基本值(B)静载荷试验确定的承载力用于设计时,须考虑实际基础的宽度和埋深,将其修正为设计值(C)规范承载力表是针对基础宽度≤3m,埋置深度≤0.5m的情况给出,用于设计时,须考虑实际基础的宽度和埋深,将其修正为设计值(D)按地基承载力理论公式求得的承载力确定基础底面尺寸后,还须进行地基变形验算27. 下列各种原因中,除哪一项外,都有可能使桩产生负摩阻力。
(A)地下水位大面积下降(B)自重湿陷性黄土浸水后产生湿陷(C)打桩时使已设置的邻桩上抬(D)超固结粘土中支承在可塑粘土中的短桩28. 由下列何项无限延伸而形成的连续的封闭曲面称为大地水准面。
(A)自由静止的水平面(B)自由静止的海平面(C)任意海水面(D)平均海水面29. DS3型光学水准仪的四条轴线:坚轴VV,长水准管轴LL,视准轴CC和圆水准器轴L0L0,其轴线关系应满足:L0L0∥VV,十字丝横丝上⊥VV,以及:(A)CC⊥VV (B)LL∥CC(C)LL⊥CC (D)CC∥VV30. DJ6光学经纬仪水平度盘该度是按顺时针方向标记,因此计算水平角时,总是以右边方向读数减去左边方向读数。
如果计算出的水平角为负值,应加上:(A) 900 (B)1800(C) 2700(D)360031.在以下水平角观测误差中,下列何项属于系统误差?(A)瞄准误差(B)读数误差(C)仪器的视准轴误差(D)风的误差32.四等水准测量在平原地区的高差容许闭合差计算公式为以下何项?(注:L表示水准线路长度,以km计;n为测站数。
)(A)+20(B)+40(C) +6(D)+1233.在地物平面图测绘中,地物点的测定方法有很多,如距离交会法、方向交会法和以下何项?(A)极坐标法和直角坐标法(B)极坐标法和视线高程法(C)视线高程法和仪器高法(D)仪器高法和直角坐标法34.有一均布荷载作用下的钢筋混凝土简支梁,截面尺寸为b×h=200mm×500mm,采用C20混凝土(fc=10N/mm2,fcm=11N/mm2),作用有弯距设计值M=170KN*m,剪力设计值V=250KN,若梁内配置了单排Ⅱ级钢纵向受拉钢筋,则该梁的截面尺寸:(A)受剪满足,受弯不足(B)受弯满足,受剪不足(C )受弯、受剪均满足 (D )受弯、受剪均不足35.有一钢筋混凝土适筋梁根据计算应配置4φ22纵向钢筋,由于施工错误只配置了4φ20纵向钢筋,该梁发生破坏,则:(A )一定是少筋破坏 (B )一定是适筋破坏(C )适筋梁、少筋梁破坏均有 (D )破坏形式与配筋多少无关36.均布荷载作用下的一般混凝土受弯构件,当0.10c V f bh >0.07时; (A ) 可直接按按最小配箍率配箍(B )可直接按箍筋的最大间距和最小直径配箍(C )按箍筋的最大间距和最小直径配箍,并验算最小配筋率(D )按受剪承载力计算公式计算结果配筋37.通过对轴心受拉构件的钢筋预拉,对混凝土施加预压应力,则构件:(A )承载力提高 (B )承载力降低,变形减小(C )承载力不变 (D )承载力提高,变形减小38.有四种厚度不等的16Mn 钢钢板,其中多厚的钢板设计强度最高?(A )16mm (B )20mm (C )25mm (D )30mm39.正常设计的钢结构,对动力荷载的适应性较强,是由于钢材具有:(A )良好的塑性 (B )强度高和良好的塑性(C )良好的韧性 (D )质地均匀、各向同性40.为了以下何项,确定轴心受压实腹柱的截面形式时,应使两个主轴方向的长细比尽可能接近(即λx =λy )(A )便于与其他构件连接 (B )构造简单、制造方便(C )达到经济效果 (D )便于运输、安装和减少节点类型41.图示二等肢角钢(2L140×10,A =5472mm 2)和节点板采用侧缝连接,满焊(焊脚高度见图示),已知钢材为Q235-B .F ,手工焊,焊条为E43型,焊缝强度f f w =160KN/mm 2。
则该连接能承受由静力荷载产生的轴心拉力设计值:N ≤以下何值?(注:N 1=k 1N ;N 2=k 2N ;k 1=0.7;k 2=0.3)(A )768KN (B )1433.6KN(C )967.7KN (D )1177KN42.厚度≤240mm 的砖墙,支承与其上的大梁跨度大于或等于以下何值时,其支承处宜加设壁柱,或采取其他加强措施:(A )8m (B )7m (C )6m (D )5m43.在下列情况下,砌体强度设计值应乘以小于1的调整系数:(A )A <0.3m 2或用水泥砂浆砌筑时(B )A <0.3m 2及用水泥砂浆砌筑时(C )当构件 所处的位置较重要时(D )当砌块或砂浆强度较低时44.下列情况下不宜采用网状配筋砌体:(A )e/h >0.17或β>6 (B )e/h >0.17且β>6(C ) e/h >0.17且β<6 (D )e/h <0.17且β<645.关于砌体墙、柱高厚比的下列表述中正确的是:(A )承载力满足要求,高厚比也一定满足要求(B )承载力满足要求,高厚不一定满足要求(C )若两墙的材料等级、厚度及实际高度均相同,则其高厚比也相同(D )墙、柱高厚比与砂浆的强度等级无关46.下列设备中何项不适用于压实砂土。