辽西半干旱地区农业需水满足程度分析英文

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辽宁西部地区的气候变化及干湿状况年代际变化特征

辽宁西部地区的气候变化及干湿状况年代际变化特征

辽宁西部地区的气候变化及干湿状况年代际变化特征孙凤华1 , 吴志坚2, 李丽光1(1.中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究所,辽宁 沈阳 110016; 2.沈阳建材地质工程勘察院,辽宁 沈阳 110016)摘要:辽西是气候及生态环境脆弱区,因其特殊性使之成为相关科研人员关注的焦点,在全球气候变暖背景下增温显著的辽西地区气候及地表干湿气候界线如何变化是本文研究的问题。

应用1961~2004年辽宁省内52个气象站的温度、降水、湿度、风、日照等气候资料,分析了辽西近50年来的气候变化特点,采用改进的Penman 模型计算潜在蒸发量,讨论了其时空代表性及分布特征;进一步计算了干燥度指数,并在10年代际尺度上详细分析了辽西干湿气候变化特征。

研究表明:辽西地区近44年的总体气候变化趋势是气温升高、降水减少。

20世纪60年代以来该区域干湿气候界线波动显著,呈现出整体移动、南北异相波动的特征。

干湿气候年代际变化特征为60年代最湿润;70年代北部明显变干,南部不明显;80年代干湿气候存在一次突变,半干旱与半湿润界线明显东移,为最干期;90年代又跳跃性西移,明显变湿,尤其在北部表现更为显著,接近60年代。

辽宁西部的气候干湿年代际变化与西太平洋副热带高压和东南季风波动有较好的对应关系。

关键词:辽宁西部;气候变化;干湿状况;年代际波动中图分类号: P467文献标识码: A辽西位于辽宁、内蒙古及河北3省交界处,北起阜新,南到锦州,濒临渤海湾,东起黑山,西至凌源。

按地势可划分为辽西走廊和辽西北部低山丘陵2个区域:辽西走廊包括沿海狭长的平原和丘陵地,海拨低于200m,年降水量500 mm左右,土壤脊薄;辽西北部低山丘陵区域属高丘陵山地,气候干燥,年降水量400mm左右,北部风沙较大。

历史上的辽西北地区,曾是风景宜人、林草丰美、山清水秀的好地方[1],但近几十年来由于降水少,气候条件差,该地区沙漠化趋势加剧,生态环境恶化[2-5]。

辽西地区沙漠化土地面积已经达到1000多万亩,占辽宁省沙漠化土地的90%。

农水 最常用专业英语英汉对照表

农水 最常用专业英语英汉对照表
hypothesize: 假定 | 假设 | 推测
7. prolonged [pr?'l??d]
adj. 延长的;拖延的;持续很久的
prolonged: 延长 | 持续很久的 | 拖延的
8. saturation [s?t??'re??(?)n]
n. 饱和;色饱和度;浸透;磁化饱和
1. format ['f??m?t]
n. 格式;版式;开本
vt. 使格式化;规定…的格式
vi. 设计版式
2. template ['temple?t; -pl?t]
n. 模板,样板
3. trencher ['tren??]
n. 挖沟者;木盘;战壕兵
adj. 木制食盘的;有关膳食的
32. visualisation [,vizju?lai'zei??n]
n. (英)可视化(等于visualization)
Visualisation: 视觉记忆技术
33. non-equilibrium
adj. 非平衡;不均衡
non-equilibrium: 非均衡 | 非平衡态 | 不平衡
adj. 首要必备的
n. 先决条件
prerequisite: 先决条件 | 前提 | 首要的
17. goodness-of-fit
n. 拟合优度
goodness-of-fit: 拟合优度
18. unsatisfactory [,?ns?t?s'f?kt(?)r?]
adj. 不令人满意的;不满足的;不符合要求的
homogeneous: 同类的 | 均质 | 同质的

阅读理解:重新思考干旱 高考英语外刊阅读训练

阅读理解:重新思考干旱 高考英语外刊阅读训练

高考英语外刊阅读训练——阅读理解:重新思考干旱【原标题】The thirst to rethink droughts【原文】Nearly half of the continental United States is experiencing prolonged drought, according to federal scientists. Precipitation models predict that winter will provide little reliefin much of the West and South. An independent study found the last two decades in the Southwest to be the driest continuous stretch since the 1500s.On the other side of the continent, half of the Northeast had reached the levels of “severe”or “extreme”by September. At this moment, 72 million Americans are living in drought conditions. Globally, more than 2 billion people live in countries experiencing what the United Nations calls high water stress.The effects of climate change are neither consistent nor uniform. In recent years, for example, the Midwest has experienced both widespread flooding and persistent drought. Yet as water experts grapple with understanding these unusual weather patterns, assumptions about water are shifting as well. As Jens Berggren, a Swedish sustainability expert, told Deutsche Welle, “It’s not a lack of water per se, it’s a lack of water governance.”If people could reduce wateruse by almost half, he said, that would “give ample opportunity to meet all our needs.”Last year researchers in Finland asked a novel question: Can there be water scarcity with an abundance of water? Despite Finland having ample water resources and typically no significant dry season, the study found that local drought-like effects were being caused by population concentration, drainage of wetlands, and inefficient water use. The finding led to a rethink of human development in order to find a balance with water resources.A good example of a place that did reset its harmony with nature is Cape Town, South Africa. In March 2018, following three years of severe drought, the city’s main reservoir had fallen to 11% capacity. This month it reached overflow capacity.A return of better-than-average rainfall helped, but the real change was civic. The city imposed strict water-use practices, and residents quickly adapted. Researchers of this mass shift found “thirsty participants share water more often equally with powerless, anonymous others than they do money.”Cape Town is now better poised to avoid water stress because people created different lifestyles.Adapting to a changing planet requires more than a physical response to scarcity. It entails seeing abundance in people’s ability to innovate, join together in common cause, and be open to letting go of destructive behavior. Those traits are not scarce. And neither is humanity’s ability to draw upon them. 【新课标重点词汇】1. prolonged - 持续的2. drought - 干旱3. precipitation - 降水4. relief - 缓解5. independent - 独立的6. Southwest - 西南部7. Northeast - 东北部8. severe - 严重的9. extreme - 极端的10. water stress - 水资源匮乏压力11. consistent - 一致的12. uniform - 均匀的13. flooding - 洪水14. governance - 治理15. assumptions - 假设16. reduce - 减少17. scarcity - 稀缺性18. abundance - 充裕19. population concentration - 人口密度20. drainage - 排水21. inefficient - 低效的22. human development - 人类发展23. harmony - 和谐24. Cape Town - 开普敦25. reservoir - 水库26. civic - 市民的27. strict - 严格的28. water-use practices - 用水习惯29. adapt - 适应30. planet - 行星31. innovation - 创新32. common cause - 共同目标33. open - 开放的34. destructive behavior - 破坏性行为35. traits - 特质36. draw upon - 利用37. physical response - 物理反应38. scarcity - 稀缺39. water resources - 水资源40. water stress - 水压力41. persistent - 持续的42. effects - 影响43. grapple - 探索44. understand - 理解45. assumptions - 假定46. shift - 转变47. governance - 治理48. participants - 参与者49. lifestyles - 生活方式50. humanity - 人类【阅读理解练习题】1. According to federal scientists, what proportion of the continental United States is experiencing prolonged drought?A. Approximately 25%B. Nearly 50%C. Over 75%D. More than 90%答案:B。

农业英语练习参考答案

农业英语练习参考答案

Unit1 Text AText-related exercisesI.1. Agronomy is the science and technology of producing and using plants for food, fuel, fiber, and reclamation2. They are involved with any issues including producing food, creating healthier food, managing environmentalimpact of agriculture, and creating energy from plants.3. To produce the best crops under various conditions.4. By change the genetics of the plants.5. In labs6. Compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.7. Contour plowing.8. Sustainable agriculture, organic farming, alternative food systems and the development of alternative croppingsystems.9. Quantitively.10. Four to twelve years.II.1. 作物育种2. 轮作,轮种3. 植物生理学4. 有机耕作5. 杂草控制,除草6. plant genetics7. selective breeding8. contour plowing9. soil fertility 10. (insect and)pest control III.1. plants2. combines3. healthier4. agriculture5. genetics6. yields7. nutritional8. civilization9. security 10. resistantIV.1. Agronomic/Agricultural biotechnology is increasingly being used applied for novel/new uses other than food.2. Agronomy involves with biology, ecology, chemistry and other sciences.3. Selective breeding of plants is to produce/develop/breed the best crops adapted to different environments andgrowing conditions.4. Agronomists often specialize in areas such as crop rotation, soil classification, weed control and insect andpest control.5. Agroecology studies the management of agricultural system on ecological and environmental perspetives. Theme-related ExercisesI.1-6 F T F T F FII.1. M potential2. K adoption3. I acute4. H combine5. F work6. G actively7. D optimally8. C initiative9. N available 10. A promoteText BText-related exercisesI.1. Ki ll pests’ natural enemies and their overuse can harm farmers, consumers and the environment.2. When the natural processes of pest regulation break down.3. Ecosystem approach4. To manage insect pest populations to the point where natural predation operates in a balanced way and croplosses to pests are kept to an acceptable minimum5. More than/exceed US $40 billion6. Almost the same/ little change. 30-40 percent.7. Less than 1%. The rest contaminates/pollutes the air, soil and water.8. Urban and peri-urban horticulture9. Because the pesticides are aggressively marketed.10. In 1960s. IPM has been based on ecology, the concept of ecosystems and the goal of sustaining ecosystemfunctions.II.a -- 3,b -- 6,c -- 1,d -- 2,e -- 7,f -- 4,g -- 5III.1. option2. contaminates3. negative4. vicious cycle5. Pesticide6. excessive7. Health8. Occupational9. pesticide residues 10. ecosystemsIV.1.The risks posed by pesticides to health and the environment have aroused public concernsworldwide/globally.2. Before the Industrial Revolution farming was a labor-intensive industry, and the vast majority of the humanpopulation labored in agriculture3. Usually proper use of pesticides can, to some extent, keep pests in check.4. Over-reliance on pesticides contributes to a vicious cycle of resistance in pests.5. Excessive use of pesticide exposes farmers to serious health risks and has negative consequencesfor/effects/influences on/ the environment.Theme-related ExercisesI.1-5 A C D B CII.作为基于生态系统的战略,病虫害综合治理在世界农业发展中已取得了一些显著的成绩。

农业专业英语词汇(J-L)_农业专业英语词汇

农业专业英语词汇(J-L)_农业专业英语词汇

japanese alder 赤杨japanese apricot 梅japanese bearbind 旋花japanese encephalitis 日本脑炎japanese millet 稗japanese persimmon 柿树japanese plum 李japanese tusser 天蚕jaundice 黄疸jelly 果子冻浆jerusalem artichoke 菊芋jet 喷流jet flow 喷流job's tears 薏苡johne's disease 牛副结核病joint 关节joint disease 关节病jongbo 町步jongmi 町步米juche based agriculture 皱农专judgement of estimated yield 预计产量鉴定judging method 鉴定法juice 汁jujube 枣junction drain 汇零排水沟junction of drain pipes 排水管道连接june grass 草地早熟禾jungle 热带丛林jute 黄麻jute bag 麻袋juvenile hormone 保幼激素kainite 钾盐镁矾kalium 钾kalium nitrate fertilizer 硝酸钾肥kanamycin 卡那霉素kaolin 高岭土kaolinite 高岭石karathane 敌螨普karyogene 核基因karyogenetics 核遗传学karyokinesis 有丝分裂karyolymph 核液karyoplasm 核质karyoplast 微细胞karyosome 核小体karyotheca 核膜karyotype 核型kastanozem 栗色土katabolic metabolism 分解代谢katabolism 分解代谢katagenesis 退化keel 龙骨瓣kelthane 开乐散kenaf 洋麻kentucky blue grass 草地早熟禾keratin 角蛋白keratinization 角质化keratitis 角膜炎kernel 核仁keto acid 酮酸ketone 酮ketonic acid 酮酸ketonuria 酮尿ketose 酮糖ketosis 酮病key fruit 翅果kid 山羊羔kidding 山羊产羔kidney 肾kidney bean 菜豆kidney leaved 肾叶的kidney worm discase of dog 狗膨结线虫病kidney worm disease of swine 猪肾虫病killed vaccine 死疫苗killer factor 杀伤因子kimchi 泡菜kind of medical rhubarb plant 朝鲜大黄kinetin 激动素kinin 激肽kitchen garden 马齿苋kiwi 藤梨kjeldahl's method 基耶达法klinogeotropism 斜向地性klinostat 缓转器knapsack mist sprayer 背负式弥雾器knapsack sprayer 背负式喷雾器knee 膝knemidocoptosis 鸡腿疥癣knife back 刀背knife harrow 刀齿耙knot 述kohlrabi 球茎甘蓝korean cattle 朝鲜牛korean persicary 长鬃蓼korean willow 朝鲜柳koreanic type rice 朝鲜型稻kudzu 葛藤kudzu vine 葛藤kurtosis coefficient 峰态系数label 标签labellum 唇瓣labile 不安定的lability 不稳定性labium 下唇lablab 扁豆laboratory animal 实验动物laboratory forecasting 实验预报laboratory monitoring 实验预察labrum 上唇labyrinth 迷路laccase 漆酶lacerate 撕裂的lacerated 撕裂的lackey moth 侍从蛾lactase 乳糖酶lactate 乳酸盐lactate dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶lactation 哺乳lactation curve 泌乳曲线lactation disorder 泌乳障碍lactation duration 泌乳持续期lactic acid 乳酸lactic acid bacteria 乳酸菌lactic acid fermentation 乳酸发酵lactiferous duct 输乳管lactiferous vessel 输乳管lactoalbumin 乳白蛋白lactobacillin 乳菌素lactobacillus 孔杆菌lactobiose 乳糖lactoflavin 乳黄素lactoglobulin 乳球蛋白lactone 内酯lactose 乳糖lactose operon 乳糖操纵子lacustrine deposit 湖沉积lacustrine soil 湖积土ladder 梯子ladybirds 瓢甲科ladybug 瓢甲科lake 湖lake deposit 湖沉积lamb dysentery 羔羊痢疾lamb meat 羔羊肉lamb's quarter 藜lambing 产羔lamella 菌褶lamina 叶片laminated epithelium 复层上皮laminitis 蹄叶炎lamprophyllous 亮叶的lanate 具绵状毛的lance leaved 披针叶的lance shaped 披针形的lanceolate 披针形的land category 地目land development 土地建设land disposal 地面处理land drainage 土地排水land life 土地寿命land plant 陆生植物land pollution 土地污染land preparation 整地land readjustment 土地平整land resource 土地资源land roller 田间镇压器land suitability 土地适合性land use 土地利用landsat photograph 宇宙照片landsat soil survey 宇宙土壤甸landsat survey 宇宙探查landscape 景观landslip 山崩lanoline 脂汗lanose 具绵状毛的larch 落叶松lard pig 肥猪lard type 脂肪型large animal 大型家畜large flowered 大花的large fruited 大果实的large sample 大样本large scale soil map 大比例尺土壤图large seed 大粒种子large sized tractor 大型拖拉机larva 幼虫larva density in rearing 蚕座密度larval 幼虫的larvicide 杀幼虫剂laryngotracheitis 喉气管炎larynx 喉laser radiation 激光辐射last feeding 止桑last frost 终霜late autumn rearing 晚秋蚕饲育late fattening 晚期肥育late frost 晚霜late grape 晚熟葡萄late maize 晚熟种玉米late maturity 晚熟late rice 晚稻late variety 晚熟种late wood 晚材latency 潜伏latent 潜伏的latent bud 潜伏芽latent gene 潜伏基因latent heat 潜热latent infection 潜伏性感染latent period 潜伏期lateral 侧生的lateral branch 侧枝lateral branching 侧分枝lateral bud 侧芽lateral canal 支渠lateral line 侧线lateral nerve 侧脉lateral root 侧根lateriflorous 侧生花的laterite soil 砖红壤性土latex 乳汁latex vessel 乳管lathyrism 羽扇豆中毒latifoliate 阔叶的latifolious 阔叶的latin square analysis 拉丁方分析latin square design 拉丁方设计latitude 纬度latter half of gestation 妊娠后期latter half of growth 生育后半期lattice design 格子设计lauric acid 月桂酸laurin 羟基香茅醛law of coulomb 库仑定律law of dominance 显性定律law of equivalent 当量定律law of heredity 遗传法则law of independence 独立遗传定律law of minimum 最低量定律law of segregation 分离定律lawn 草坪lawn mower 剪草皮机lawn rake 草坪搂草器lawn sprinkler 草地喷灌器laxative 轻泻药layer 压条植物layer chicken 产蛋鸡layered soil 分层土layering 压条laying ability 产蛋能力laying house 产蛋鸡舍laying nest 产蛋箱laying season 产卵季laying strain 产蛋品种leaching 淋洗leaching process 淋溶过程lead poisoning 铅中毒lead pollution 铅污染lead stomatitis 铅毒性口炎leading shoot 忠leaf 叶leaf age 叶龄leaf age index 叶龄指数leaf analysis 叶质分析leaf apex 叶端leaf area 叶面积leaf area index 叶面积指数leaf arrangement 叶序leaf axil 叶腋leaf base 叶基leaf blade 叶片leaf bud 叶芽leaf burning 烧叶leaf colour 叶色leaf cushion 叶座leaf cutting 叶插leaf cutting ant 切叶蚁leaf diagnosis 叶诊断leaf differentiation 叶分化leaf emergence rate 出叶速度leaf fall 落叶leaf margin 叶缘leaf meal 叶粉leaf mold of spanich 菠菜叶斑病leaf mustard 芥菜leaf number of main culm 芝叶数leaf number of seedling 秧叶片数leaf picking 采叶leaf primordium 叶原基leaf protein concentrate 叶蛋白浓缩物leaf roller 卷叶虫leaf roller moth 卷叶虫leaf rust of wheat and barley 麦类褐锈病leaf scar 叶痕leaf shape 叶形leaf sheath 叶鞘leaf spine 叶刺leaf spot 叶斑病leaf spot of tomato 番茄叶斑病leaf stalk 叶柄leaf surface 叶面leaf vegetables 叶菜leaf vein 叶脉leaf withering 叶萎蔫leaf yield 产叶量leafage 叶leafing 发叶leaflet 小叶leafy 叶多的lean soil 瘦地least significant difference 最小有意差least squares equation 最小二乘方程leaven 曲子lecithin 卵磷脂lectotype 选模标本leek 韭葱leg 腿leg weakness 腿衰弱leghaemoglobin 豆血红蛋白legume 豆荚legume green manure crop 豆科绿肥罪leguminous bacteria 根瘤菌leguminous bacterium 根瘤菌leguminous crop 豆科罪leguminous feed 豆科饲料leguminous forage 豆科牧草leguminous grain feed 豆科谷粒饲料leguminous plant 豆科植物leguminous vegetable 豆科蔬菜leishmaniasis 利什曼病lemon 柠檬length of branch 条长length of cocoon filament 蚕丝长length of internode 节间长度length of non broken filament 解舒丝长length of shoot 条长lenticel 皮孔lenticular 双凸镜状的lenticulate 双凸镜状的lentiform 双凸镜状的lentil 扁豆lentogen strain 弱毒株leopard moth 豹蠹蛾leptic podzol 薄层灰壤leptospirosis 钩端螺旋体病leptospirosis of domestic animal 家畜钩端螺旋体病lessivation 淋洗过程lethal 致死lethal concentration 致死浓度lethal dose 致死剂量lethal factor 致死因子lethal gene 致死基因lethal point 致死点lethality 死亡率lethality rate 致死率lethargic 嗜眠的lethargy 嗜眠lettuce 莴苣leucine 白氨酸leucoplast 白色体leucosis 白血病leucosis virus 白血病病毒leukemia 白血病leukemia of cow 牛白血病leukemia virus 白血病病毒leukocyte 白血球leukocytozoonosis of chicken 鸡白细胞虫病leukopenia 白细胞减少level 水准level effect 水平效应level of dead water 死水位level of ebb tide 退潮水位leveller 平土器平地机levelling harrow 无齿耙levulinic acid 乙酰丙酸ley farming 草地农业liana 藤本植物liane 藤本植物liber 韧皮libido 性欲lichenes 地衣类lichenology 地衣学lichenous 地衣的licking sickness 异嗜癖licorice 欧亚甘草life cycle 生活周期life organism 生命有机体lift pump 汲水器提水泵lift truck 自动装载车lift type harrow 悬挂式耙lift up cultivator 悬挂式中耕机ligase 连接酶light 光light adaptation 光适应light brown forest soil 淡褐色森林土light calcined magnesia fertilizer 轻镁氧肥light compensation point 光补偿点light defective cocoon 次茧light filter plate 滤光板light free roost 无光鸡舍light grey soil 浅灰色土壤light humus 轻腐殖质light intensity 光强light requirement 需光light resources 光资源light saturation 光饱和light saturation point 光饱和点light soil 轻松土light soluble organic matter 容易分解的有机物质light transmittance 透光率lighting 照明ligneous plants 木本植物lignification 木质化lignin 木质素lignin decomposition 木质素分解ligno humic acid 木素胡敏酸lignocellulose 木质纤维素lignofulvonic acid 木素富里酸ligule 叶舌ligulifolious 舌状叶的liguliss gene 无叶舌基因liliaceous plant 百合科植物liliaceous vegetable 百合科蔬菜lima bean 利马豆limb 大枝lime 石灰lime content 石灰含量lime disease of bee 蜜蜂白垩病lime distributor 石灰撒布机lime fertilizer 石灰化肥lime humate 胡敏酸过磷酸钙lime marl 泥灰土石lime plants 适钙植物lime potash fertilizer 石灰钾肥lime requirement 石灰需要量lime spreader 石灰撒布机lime sulphur 石灰硫磺合剂lime tree 椴limestone 石灰岩limestone powder 石灰石粉liming 施用石灰liming materials 含钙料limit feeder 定量饲槽limited amino acid value 限制氨基酸值limited quantity 限量limiting factor 限制因子limnology 湖沼生物学limnoplankton 淡水浮游生物limonite 褐铁矿limy soil 石灰性土壤lindane 林丹linden 紫椴line 系统line breeding 品系繁育line culture 系统栽培line progenitor 系统祖先line separation 系统分离linear additive model 线性可加模型linear correlation 线性相关linear effect 线性响应linear erosion 线蚀linear function 线性函数linear independence 线性独立linear inheritance 线型遗传linear model 线性模型linear parameter 线性参数linear regression 线性回归linear regression analysis 直线回归分析linear relation 线性关系linear transformation 线性变换linguatulosis 舌形虫病link belt 链式传动带linkage 连锁linkage map 连锁图linneon 林奈种linoleic acid 亚油酸linolenic acid 亚麻酸linseed 亚麻籽linseed cake 亚麻籽饼linseed oil 亚麻油linuron 利谷隆lip 唇瓣;唇lip flowerde 唇形花的lipase 脂肪酶lipemia 脂血症lipid 脂质lipid metabolism 脂类代谢lipochondria 脂粒体lipochrome 脂色素lipocyte 脂细胞lipogenesis 脂肪生成lipoic acid 硫辛酸lipoid 类脂lipolysis 脂类分解lipoprotein 脂蛋白lipovitamin 脂溶性维生素liquid 液体liquid ammonia 液态氨liquid ammonia applicator 液氨注施机liquid composite fertilizer 液体复合肥料liquid culture 液体培养liquid disinfectant 液体消毒剂liquid feed dispenser 液体饲料分送器liquid fermentation 液体发酵liquid fertilizer 液体肥料liquid fibroin 液态丝素liquid gas fertilizer 液气体肥料liquid manure 厩液liquid manure barrel 粪水罐liquid manure cart 厩液槽车liquid manure drill 厩液条鳃liquid manure pit 厩液坑liquid manure pump 厩液泵liquid manure spreader 厩液撒布机liquid manure tank 粪水罐liquid medium 液体培养基liquid nitrogen fertilizer 液体氮肥liquid nutrient medium 液体培养基liquid phase of soil 土壤液相liquid sericin 液态丝胶liquid silk 丝液liquid waste 废液liquorice 欧亚甘草listerellosis 李斯特菌病listeriosis 李斯特菌病listing plough 双壁开沟犁lithic reptosol 薄层基岩磐土lithometeor 大气尘粒lithophyted 石生植物lithosol 石质土litmus 石蕊litter 蚕沙litter horizon 枯枝落叶层litter size 同胎生仔数littoral climate 海滨气候live vaccine 活疫苗live weight 体重liver 肝liver fluke discase 双盘吸虫病liver oil 肝油livestock breeding 畜牧业livestock breeding station 种畜场livestock census 牲畜头数普查livestock improvement 家畜改良livestock judgement 牲畜评价livestock management 家畜管理livestock meteorology 畜牧气象学livestock movement 家畜移动livestock trailer 运畜拖车livestock tuberculosis 家畜结核病living being 有机体living environment 生存环境lixisol 淋洗土loading height 装载高度loafing area 牲畜运动场loam 壤土loam soil 壤土lobate 分裂的lobated 分裂的lobation 缺刻lobe 裂片lobectomia 叶切除术lobectomy 叶切除术lobose 分裂的lobulate 具小裂片的lobulated 具小裂片的local plough 局部耕local variety 地方品种local wind 局地风locality 产地localization 布局区域化localized irrigation 局部灌溉lock 水闸locust 蝗虫locust control 蝗虫防治lodging 倒伏lodging resistance 耐倒伏性lodicule 浆片loess 黄土loessal soil 黄土性土壤logarithmic curve 对数曲线logarithmic transformation 对数变换logging waste 砍伐废弃物loin 腰部位lomasome 质膜外泡lomatocarpous 有缘果的lomatophyllous 有缘叶的loment 节荚lomentum 节荚long day plant 长日照植物long day vegetable 长日照蔬菜long leaved 长叶的long petaled 长瓣的long pistillate 长花柱的long shoot 长枝long term forecasting 长期预报long term storage 长期贮藏long term weather forecast 长期天气预报long wave radiation 长波辐射long wool 长毛long wool breed 长毛种longitudinal drain 纵向排水longitudinal growth 纵向生长loose egg 散卵loose kernel smut 散黑穗病loose kernel smut of sorghum 高粱散黑穗病loose smut of oats mildew 燕麦黑穗病loose smut of wheat and barley 麦类散黑穗病loosening of egg 蚕卵洗落loosestrife 珍珠枫lorox 利谷隆lovage 胡耳特藁love apple 番茄low bog peat 低位泥炭low humidity 低湿low land 低地low moor 低位泥炭沼泽low powered tractor 小型拖拉机low pressure 低压low ridge 低垄low temperature breakdown 低温崩解low temperature fermentation 低温发酵low temperature incubation 低温催青low temperature storage 低温贮藏low temperature treatment 低温处理low temperature vegetable 低温性蔬菜low tide 低潮low water 低潮low water level 低水位low yielding crop 低产罪lower fatty acid 低级脂肪酸lower fungi 下位真菌lower maxillary luxation 下颌骨脱位lower water level 涸水期水位lowering of the underground water level 地下水位降落lowest water level 最低水位lowland bog 低位泥炭沼泽lowland bog stage 低位沼泽阶段lowland peat 低位泥炭lubricant 润滑剂lucerne 紫苜蓿lucid 有光泽的lumbar paralysis of sheep 羊腰麻痹luminescent bacteria 发光细菌luminous bacteria 发光细菌luminous energy 可视光能量luminous fungi 发光菌类luminous plants 发光植物lumpy structure 块状结构lung 肺lung plague 牛肺疫lungworm disease 肺蠕虫症lungworm disease of cattle 牛肺虫病lungworm disease of pig 猪肺虫病lunule 半月斑lupine 羽扇豆lustrous 有光泽的luteal hormone 黄体激素luteinizing hormone 促黄体激素luvic arenosol 淋溶红砂土luvic castanozem 淋溶栗钙土luvic chernozem 淋溶黑钙土luvic phaeozem 淋溶黑土luvic xerosol 淋溶干旱土luvic yermosol 淋溶漠境土luvisol 淋溶土lux 勒克司luxation 脱臼lycopode 石松类lycopods 石松类lyme grass 沙丘野麦lymph 淋巴lymph flow 淋巴流lymphadenitis 淋巴腺炎lymphatic disease 淋巴病lymphatic duct 淋巴管lymphatic system 淋巴系lymphatic tissue 淋巴组织lymphatic vessel 淋巴管lymphocyte 淋巴细胞lymphoid leucosis of chicken 鸡淋巴白血病lymphoma 淋巴瘤lymphosarcoma 淋巴肉瘤lyophilic 亲液的lyophobic 疏液的lyopilization 冻干lyrate 大头羽裂的lyrated 大头羽裂的lysimeter 渗漏测定计lysine 赖氨酸lysis 溶解lysis inhibition 溶菌抑制lysogenic conversion 溶源转化lysogenicity 溶原性lysogeny 溶原性lysosome 溶酶体lysozyme 溶菌酶lyssa 狂犬病。

辽宁省保护性耕作技术应用研究

辽宁省保护性耕作技术应用研究

辽宁省保护性耕作技术应用研究作者:王雪茹来源:《农业科技与装备》2021年第05期摘要:实施保护性耕作对于保护东北黑土地意义重大。

介绍保护性耕作技术在辽宁省的应用情况,分析制约保护性耕作技术应用的主要因素,提出部门联动合力推进、做好宣传培训、保障资金支持、加强数据统计分析等对策,以期为黑土地保护提供支持。

关键词:保护性耕作;黑土地;应用;对策中图分类号:S345 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1674-1161(2021)05-0119-02粮食安全对于保障我国经济社会长期稳步发展具有特殊重要的意义。

《东北黑土地保护性耕作国家行动计划(2020—2025年)》的出台,表明东北地区黑土地保护已经上升到国家层面。

辽宁省作为全国13个粮食主产省之一,耕地面积466.67万hm2(7 000万亩),其中玉米种植面积达260.00万hm2(3 900万亩),处于世界“三大黄金玉米带”之一的中国东北玉米带。

推广应用玉米保护性耕作技术,保护好利用好辽宁黑土地,是广大农业农机工作者的重大使命,对于保障国家粮食安全具有现实意义。

1 辽宁省保护性耕作技术应用的现状辽宁省于20世纪80年代末期开始引进保护性耕作技术,并进行了一定规模的试验研究,但由于当时配套技术条件不完备,尤其是免耕播种机等机具不成熟,没有得到大面积推广应用。

近年来,随着农机装备工业水平的进步,国家及省级各项惠农政策的实施,以及广大农民耕地保护意识的加强,保护性耕作技术在一定范围内得到了推广应用,尤其在“十年九春旱”的辽西北旱作农业区,保护性耕作技术应用较早、面积较大,得到许多农民的认可。

作为保护性耕作技术体系的重要组成部分,深松整地技术在国家农机作业补贴政策的持续支持下得到了大面积推广应用,也得到了农民的普遍认可。

2020年,结合农业农村部和财政部联合出台了《东北黑土地保护性耕作行动计划(2020—2025年)》和《东北黑土地保护性耕作行动计划实施指导意见》,辽宁省配套出台了《辽宁省黑土地保护性耕作行动实施方案(2020—2025年)》和《辽宁省2020年黑土地保护性耕作项目实施方案》,提出到2025年全省保护性耕作实施面积目标为133.33万hm2(2 000万亩),并建立县乡级高标准保护性耕作基地,作为保护性耕作技术的示范点和辐射点。

“朝谷系列”谷子新品种

“朝谷系列”谷子新品种

“朝谷系列”谷子新品种辽宁省水土保持研究所谷子科研团队先后培育出一系列谷子新品种。

这些新品种在一定程度上满足了辽西及相似地区对谷子种植的需求。

1 朝谷13号朝谷13号是辽宁省水土保持研究所选育,2004年3月通过国家谷子品种鉴定委员会鉴定。

该品种幼苗黄绿色,芽鞘绿色,主茎高140~150厘米,穗长18~25厘米,穗纺锤形,码紧,浅紫色刺毛,刚毛短。

单穗粒重13~15克,千粒重2.9~3克。

籽粒圆形,黄谷黄米,米质粳性,出谷率84%~86%。

籽、草比为1∶1.2。

抗倒伏、抗病性强。

一般亩产350~400公斤,高产地块在500公斤以上。

适宜在辽西地区及自然条件相似地区种植。

2 朝谷14号朝谷14号是辽宁省水土保持研究所选育,2007年3月通过辽宁省非主要农作物品种备案办公室备案登记。

该品种幼苗绿色,芽鞘绿色,秆高110~120厘米,矮秆耐密植。

穗筒型,松紧适中,刚毛短,绿色。

穗长18~22厘米,穗粒重14~16克,千粒重2.9~3.1克,褐谷黄米,米质粳性,出谷率78%~82%,出米率74%~76%。

生育期115~120天,属于中熟品种。

抗旱性强,抗倒伏性强,高抗谷子白发病、黑穗病、谷瘟病和锈病。

一般亩产300~350公斤,适宜在辽西地区及自然条件相似地区种植。

3 朝谷15号朝谷15号是辽宁省水土保持研究所选育,2007年通过辽宁省非主要农作物品种备案办公室备案登记,2009年通过国家谷子品种鉴定委员会鉴定。

第九届全国食用粟鉴定会被评为国家二级优质米。

该品种幼苗绿色,芽鞘浅紫色,株高120~140厘米,生育期115天左右。

穗纺锤型,码紧,刚毛中长,护颖绿色,穗长23~25厘米,单穗粒重14~18克,出谷率80%~85%,千粒重3~3.1克,黄谷黄米,米质粳性。

籽粒蛋白质含量10.5%,脂肪含量为2.6%,粗淀粉含量为81.04%。

该品种突出特点是穗部经济性状良好,活秆成熟,抗旱性强,茎秆坚韧抗倒伏,高抗锈病、白发病、黑穗病、谷瘟病。

2015年6月英语四级阅读理解二翻译

2015年6月英语四级阅读理解二翻译

2015年6月英语四级阅读理解(二)翻译Some of the world’s most significant problems never hit headlines.One example comes from agriculture. Food riots and hunger make news。

But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about。

This is the decline in the growth in yields of some of the world’s major crops.A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring 。

一些世界上最有影响的问题从不上头条新闻。

其中一个例子就是农业问题。

粮食暴动和饥饿产生新闻,但躺在这些问题背后的趋势却很少被谈及。

这是因为一些世界主要农作物产区的产量在下降.蒙特利尔的明尼苏达和麦吉尔大学的一项新研究着眼于研究这种正在发生的下降趋势在哪,还有多远。

The authors take a vast number of data points for the four most important crops: rice, wheat corn and soybeans(大豆)。

They find that on between 24% and 39% of all harvested areas, the improvement in yields that tood place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s。

土壤学名词(中英文对照)

土壤学名词(中英文对照)

01. 总论01.001 土壤 soil陆地表面由矿物质、有机物质、水、空气和生物组成,具有肥力,能生长植物的未固结层。

01.002 土壤学 soil science研究土壤的形成、分类、分布、制图和土壤的物理、化学、生物学特性、肥力特征以及土壤利用、改良和管理的科学。

01.003 发生土壤学 pedology侧重研究土壤的发生、演化、特性、分类、分布和利用潜力的土壤学。

土壤学名词01. 总论01.001 土壤 soil陆地表面由矿物质、有机物质、水、空气和生物组成,具有肥力,能生长植物的未固结层。

01.002 土壤学 soil science研究土壤的形成、分类、分布、制图和土壤的物理、化学、生物学特性、肥力特征以及土壤利用、改良和管理的科学。

01.003 发生土壤学 pedology侧重研究土壤的发生、演化、特性、分类、分布和利用潜力的土壤学。

01.004 耕作土壤学 edaphology侧重研究土壤的组成、性质及其与植物生长的关系,通过耕作管理提高土壤肥力和生产能力的土壤学。

01.005 土壤地理[学] soil geography研究土壤的空间分布和组合及其地理环境相互关系的学科。

01.006 土壤物理[学] soil physics研究土壤中物理现象或过程的学科。

01.007 土壤化学 soil chemistry研究土壤中各种化学行为和过程的学科。

01.008 土壤生物化学 soil biochemistry阐明土壤有机碳和氮素等物质的转化、消长规律及其功能的学科。

01.009 土壤矿物学 soil mineralogy研究土壤中原生矿物和次生矿物的类型、性质、成因、转化和分布的学科。

01.010 农业化学 agrochemistry研究植物营养、土壤养分、肥料性质和施用技术及其相互关系的学科。

在广义上也包括农产品加工酿造等。

01.011 土壤分析化学 soil analytical chemistry研究用化学方法和原理测定土壤成分和性质的技术学科。

(完整版)现代农林英语课后翻译

(完整版)现代农林英语课后翻译

现代农林英语课后翻译Unit 1 Urban AgricultureUrban forestry involves (refers to / is concerned with) forestry activities introduced from wildness and countryside to populous cities where economy, culture, industry and business (commerce) are aggregated (clustered). Most metropolitan cities are currently prosperous but noisy (clamorous) wi th deteriorating ecological environment. People living in such a crowded and narrow space suffer f rom a worsening physical quality. To develop urban forestry can beautify living places, purify air, reduce noise and adjust local climate (microclimate), so that the living quality of urban people can be improved. Generally, urban forestry has provided a new approach to the urban environmental p roblems.社区的物质框架结构被称为它的基础设施。

这些在城市里发挥作用的庞然大物可以被分为绿色和灰色两种。

绿色结构是为乔木、灌木、草地所覆盖的区域,而灰色结构指建筑、道路、公用事业设备、停车场的所在。

旱情等级管理

旱情等级管理
DB FORMTEXT 21/T FORMTEXT XXXX — FORMTEXT XXXX
旱情等级
1 范围
本文件规定了辽宁省的旱情评估指标、评估指标计算方法及等级划分标准等。 本文件适用于辽宁省行政区域内的旱情评估工作。
2 规范性引用文件
下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中,注日期的引用文件, 仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件;不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括所有的修改单)适用于本 文件。
GB/T 20481—2017 气象干旱等级 GB/T 32135—2015 区域旱情等级 GB/T 32136—2015 农业干旱等级 SL 424—2008 旱情等级标准
3 术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。 3.1
旱情等级 drought classification 描述旱情严重程度的级别标准。 [来源:SL 424—2008,2.0.9] 3.2 农业旱情 agricultural drought 耕地或农作物受旱情况,即土壤水分供给不能满足农作物发芽或正常生长要求,导致农作物生长受 到抑制甚至干枯的现象。 [来源:GB/T 32135—2015,3.3] 3.3 降雨量距平百分率 percentage of precipitation anomalies 某一时段内降雨量与多年同期平均降雨量之差占多年同期平均降雨量的比值,以百分率表示。 3.4 连续无有效降雨天数 consecutive days without effective precipitation 在农作物生长期内连续无有效降雨的天数,春季和秋季无有效降雨一般是指小于3mm/d的降雨,夏 季无有效降雨一般是指小于5mm/d的降雨。
中度干旱
严重干旱

托福阅读长难句句子分析汇总

托福阅读长难句句子分析汇总

托福阅读长难句句子分析汇总为了帮助大家备考托福。

提高阅读成绩,打有准备的仗,下面小编给大家带来托福阅读长难句句子分析汇总,希望大家喜欢。

托福阅读长难句:湖泊蓄水层的储量原文:Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.参考翻译:估计表明:蓄水层包含充足的水去填满Huron湖。

但很不幸,在目前这个地区半干旱气候条件下,蓄水层的补水率很小,总计大约一年50毫米。

词汇讲解:aquifer /'?kw?f?/ n. 含水土层semiarid /?sem(a)?'?r?d/ adj. 半干旱的结构划分:Estimates indicate (that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron), but unfortunately, (under the semiarid climatic conditions) (that presently exist in the region), rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, (amounting to about half a centimeter a year.)解析:修饰一:(under the semiarid climatic conditions),介词短语,修饰后面红色主干部分中文:在半干旱气候条件下修饰二:(that presently exist in the region),从句,修饰conditions中文:现在存在于这个地区修饰三:(amounting to about half a centimeter a year. ) ,非谓语动词,修饰前面红色主干中文:总计大约一年50毫米主干:rates ofaddition to the aquifer are minimal中文:蓄水层的补水率很小托福阅读长难句:甘薯的来源考据原文:As Patrick Kirch, an American anthropologist, points out, rather than being brought by rafting South Americans, sweet potatoes might just have easily been brought back by returning Polynesian navigators who could have reached the west coast of South America.翻译:正如美国人类学家Patrick Kirch所指出的,甘薯并不是南美人用筏运来的,而是通过已经去过南美西海岸的玻利尼西亚返航者很方便就带来了。

农业专业英语词汇(D-E)

农业专业英语词汇(D-E)

农业专业英语词汇(D-E)daconil 百菌清dacryoadenitis 泪腺炎daep 敌磷daily periodicity 日周期daily schedule 日程表daily variation 日变化dairy by product 乳副产品dairy cow 乳牛dairy equipment 奶品加工设备dairy farming 乳牛业dairy stock 奶畜dairy utensil 挤奶七dalapon 茅草枯dam 堤坝dam for sand collection 拦砂坝damage by continuous cropping 连爪damage by disease 病害damage by disease and insect 病虫害daminozide 丁酰肼damming up 填土堤damping off 立枯病damping off of colza 油菜立枯病danbo 大亩dandelion 蒲公英darcy's law 达氏定律dark brown forest soil 暗棕色森林土dark reaction 暗反应dark respiration 暗呼吸dasheen 芋date of maturity 成熟期date palm 海枣datum level of erosion 侵蚀基准面datura 紫花曼陀罗daughter cell 子细胞daughter chromatid 子染色单体daughter nucleus 子核davaineidosis of chicken 鸡茨绦虫病day flower 鸭跖草day light 日光day neutral plant 中间性植物day neutral vegetable 中日照蔬菜day old chick 初生雏dazomet 棉隆dcpa 敌草索de novo 重新dead ripeness 枯熟dead seed 废种子dead silkworm 死蚕dead weight 屠宰体重dead worm cocoon 死笼茧deamidation 脱氨基deamination 脱氨基death 死death point 致死点debeaking 切嘴尖deblossoming 疏花debris flow 泥石流decalcification 脱钙decanting 倾注滤decarboxylase 脱羧酶decay 腐烂deccan hemp 洋麻dechlorination process 脱氯化过程deciduous leaf 落叶deciduous plant 落叶植物deciduous tree 落叶树declivity 倾斜decomposed organic matter 腐熟有机质decomposer 分解物decomposition 分解decomposition intensity of organic substances 有机质分解强度decomposition of tannin 丹宁分解decomposition velocity of organic substances 有机质分解速度decortication 去皮decurrent leaf 下延叶decussate 交互对生的dedifferentiation 去分化deep irrigation 深灌deep litter husbandry 厚垫草饲养deep scab of potato 马铃薯疮痂病deep stable manure 厚垫草厩肥deer 鹿defatting 脱脂defecation 排粪defective cocoon 次下茧defense mechanism 保护机制defensive reflex 防御反射deficiency disease 缺乏病deficiency disease of copper 铜营养缺乏症deficiency of rain 雨量缺乏deficient symptom 缺乏症状deficient symptom of nitrogen 氮缺乏症状definite inflorescence 有限花序deflorate 过了花期的defluorinated phosphate fertilizer 脱氟磷肥defoaming agent 防泡剂defoliant 落叶剂defoliate 落叶的defoliation 落叶deforestation 砍伐森林deformed arthritis 变形性关节炎deformed egg 变形蛋deformity 畸形degassing 脱气degeneration 变性degradation 变性degraded valence 破碎原子价degree 程度degree of aggregation 团聚度degree of dissociation 解离度degree of error 误差度degree of factor freedom 因子自由度degree of fixation 稳定度degree of forage grinding 饲料粉碎度degree of freedom 自由度degree of resistance 抗生级别degree of saturation 饱和度degree of soil pollution 土壤污染度degree of water saturation 水饱和度degumming 脱胶dehiscence 裂开dehiscent fruit 裂果dehorning 去角dehumification process 脱腐殖化过程dehydrase 脱氢酶dehydration 脱水dehydrator of wool 毛干燥机delactaion 断乳delay of maturation 成熟延迟delayed hypersensitivity 迟发过敏性delayed inheritance 迟延遗传delivery van 厢式送货车delnav 敌杀磷delta 三角洲delta soil 三角洲土壤demand irrigation 需水灌溉demineralization 脱矿质demodicidosis 蠕形螨病demodicosis 蠕形螨病denapon 维因denatured ammonium sulphate 变性硫铵dendriform 蚀的dendrite 驶dendroid 蚀的dendroidal 蚀的dendrology 示学dendron 驶denitrification 脱氮denitrifying bacteria 反硝化细菌dense planting mulberry field 密植桑园dense rearing 密饲densimeter 浮秤density 密度density function 密度函数dent corn 马齿种玉米dent maize 马齿种玉米dental root 齿根denucleation 去核denudation 剥蚀酌deodorization 除臭deoxyguanylic acid 脱氧乌苷酸deoxyribonuclease 脱氧核糖核酸酶deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleoside 脱氧核苷dependency 依存性dependent variable 依变数deposit 沉积物depressing effect 抑制效应deratization 驱鼠derepression 消抑制酌derived line 派生系dermal neutralization test 皮肤中和反应dermal respiration 皮肤呼吸dermatitis 皮炎dermatogen 表皮原dermatomycosis 皮肤真菌病dermis 真皮derno podzolic soil 生草灰化土desalinization 脱盐化desamination reaction 脱氨基反应descendant 子孙descent 血统desert 沙漠desert plant 沙漠植物desert plants 荒漠植物desert soil 漠境土desertification 沙漠化desiccant 干燥剂design flood level 设计洪水位design of extreme experiment 极值实验设计designed water capacity 灌溉渠道设计水量desinsection 杀虫desinsectization 驱虫desorption 解吸desquamation 脱屑deterioration of variety 品种退化determinant 行列式;定子determinate inflorescence 有限花序determination coefficient 决定系数determination of age 年龄鉴定detoxification 解毒development 发育development index 发育指数developmental phase 发育相developmental stage 发育阶段deviation 离差dew 露水dew grass 野茅dewlap 垂皮dewpoint 露点dexon 地可松dextran 葡萄聚糖dextranase 葡聚糖酶dextrine 糊精diabase 辉绿岩diacetyl 二乙酰diadelphous 二体雄蕊的diageotropism 横向地性diagnosis 诊断diagnosis of early gestation 早期妊娠诊断diagnostic soil horizon 诊断土层diagnostics of estrus 发情诊断法diallel analysis 双列分析diallel cross 双列杂交diallel crossing table 双列杂交表dialysepalous 离萼的dialysis 渗析diammonium phosphate 磷酸二铵diamond back moth 小菜蛾diamond harrow 菱形耙diandrian 具两雄蕊的diandrous 具两雄蕊的diantheral 二药的diapause 滞育diapause hormone 滞育激素diaphototropism 横向光性diaphragm 横隔膜diarrhea of bee 蜜蜂腹泻病diarrhoea 腹泻diaspore 水铝石diaster 双星体diathesis 素质diatomite 硅藻土diatoms 硅藻类diazine herbicide 二嗪类除草剂diazinon 地亚农dibble planting 穴植法dibbling 穴播dibbling machine 专机dicamba 麦草畏dicarboxylic acid circulation 二羧酸循环dichasial cyme 二歧聚伞花序dichasial inflorescence 二歧聚伞花序dichasium 二歧聚伞花序diching outlet 瘤口dichlamydeous 两被的dichlorvos 敌敌畏dichogamy 雌雄异熟dichotomous 二歧分枝的dichotomous branching 双歧分枝dichotomy 双歧分枝diclinou 雌雄异花的dicotyledon 双子叶植物dicotyledonous plant 双子叶植物dicrocoeliosis 家畜披针状吸虫病dictyocaulosis of cattle 牛肺虫病dictyocaulosis of ruminant 反刍家畜肺虫病dicyandiamide 氰基胍didynamous 二强雄蕊的diecious 雌雄异株的dieldrin 狄氏剂dielectric property 介电特性diencephalon 间脑diesel engine 柴油发动机dieselized pumping machine 柴油抽水机diet feeding 食饵饲养dietetics 营养学dietetics of crop 罪营养学dietology 营养学difference of longitude 经度偏差differential gear 差动装置differential species 区别种differential thermal analysis 示差热分析differential variety 判别品种differentiating species 区别种differentiation 分化diffuse nuclei 扩散核diffuse radiation 漫射辐射diffuser 扩散器diffusibility 扩散性diffusion 扩散diffusion layer 扩散层digester 浸煮器蒸煮器;消化剂digestibility 消化率digestible cellulose 可消化纤维素digestible energy 可消化能digestible nitrogen 可消化氮digestible protein 消化蛋白digestion 消化digestion trial 消化试验digestive absorption 消化吸收digestive disorder 消化障碍digestive enzyme 消化酶digestive ferment 消化酶digestive juice 消化液digestive juice of silkworm 蚕胃液digestive organ 消化瀑digestive system 消化系统digestive system disease 消化系统疾病digestive tract 消化道digger wasp 掘土蜂digging fork 掘土叉digging of ditches 挖沟digynian 二雌蕊的digynous 二雌蕊的dihybrid 双因子杂种dike 堤坝dilatation 膨胀dilatometry 膨胀计测定dill 莳萝diluent 稀释剂dilution 稀释diluvial soil 洪积土diluvium 洪积层dimefox 甲氟磷dimethoate 乐果dimorphism 二态性dinocap 敌螨普dinoseb 地乐酚dioctophymosis of dog 狗膨结线虫病dioecian 雌雄异株的dioecious 雌雄异株的dioecism 雌雄异株diorite soil 闪绿岩土壤diosgenin 薯蓓甙元dioxidase 二氧酶dipeptidase 二肽酶dipetalous 双瓣的diphenyl 联苯diphenyl ether herbicide 二苯基醚类灭草剂diphenylurea 二苯脲diphtheria bacillus 白喉杆菌diphyllobothriasis of dog 犬裂头绦虫病diphyllous 双叶的diplobacillus 双杆菌diplobacterium 双杆菌diplochromosome 双分染色体diplococcus 双球菌diploidy 二倍性diplonema 双线diploparasitism 二重寄生diplotene stage 双线期diptera 双翅目dipylidiosis 复孔绦虫病diquat 敌草快direct fertilizer 直接肥料direct levelling 直接水准测量direct reaction 正反应direct sowing 直播direct sowing culture 直播栽培direct sowing in flooded paddy field 稻水直播direct sowing of rice 稻直播direct sowing on dry paddy field 水稻旱直播dirofilariosis of dog 犬心丝状线虫病disaccharid 乙糖disbudding 疏芽disc coulter 圆犁刀disc flower 心花discharge 量discharge arm 卸载杆discharge channel 泄水渠discharge coefficient 量系数discharge control 量控制discharge curve 量曲线discharge fan 排气风扇discharge hose 输出软管discharge observation 量观测discharge of landslide 输沙量discoloration 退色discrete random quantity 离散随机量discrete variable 间断性变数discrete variation 离散变异discriminant analysis 判别分析discriminant function 判别函数disease and insect 病害虫disease control 病害防治disease cycle 病周期disease forecasting 病害预报disease illness 疾病disease mark 病症disease monitoring 病害预察disease of poultry embryo 家禽胚病disease process curve 疾病累进曲线disease resistance 抗病性disease symptom 病症disease tolerance 耐病性dishcloth gourd 丝瓜disinfectant 消毒剂disinfection before silkworm rearing 饲蚕前消毒disinfection of rearing bed 蚕座消毒disinfection of silkworm body 蚕体消毒disinfection of silkworm eggs 蚕种消毒disinfection of silkworm rearing room 蚕室消毒disinfection of tools for silkworm rearing 蚕具消毒disinfection on silkworm rearing 蚕期消毒disinfection station 消毒站disinsectization 驱虫disk coverer 覆土圆盘disk cultivator 圆盘中耕机disk flower 心花disk furrow opener 圆式开沟器dislocation 脱臼disome 二染色体dispensable amino acid 非必需氨基酸dispepsia of poultry 家禽消化不良dispersant 分散剂disperse phase 分散相disperse system 分散物系dispersion 方差dispersion medium 分散介质dispersity 分散度dispersive range 分散范围dispersive soil 分散性土壤dissected 全裂的disseminate 传插dissemination 传播dissimilation process 异化过程dissociation 解离dissolvent 溶剂distance between drains 排水沟间隔distant hybrid 远缘杂种distemper 犬瘟疫distillate 蒸馏液distillation 蒸馏distillation flask 蒸馏瓶distomatosis 双盘吸虫病distributed nuclei 扩散核distributing gate 配水闸distribution 分布distribution character 分布特性distribution function 分布函数distribution of breed 品种安排distribution of crop 罪安排distribution of flow velocity 临分布distribution of hill 穴安排distribution parameter 分布参数distribution region 分布域distribution table 分布表ditch 沟ditch cleaner 沟渠清洁机ditch cleaning 清沟ditch of underdrainage 地下排水沟ditch plough 挖沟犁ditcher 挖沟机dithiocarbamate herbicide 氨磺酸盐除草剂diuretic 利尿剂diurnal 昼行性的diurnal periodicity 日周期diuron 敌草隆diversified farming 多种经营diversiflorous 异形花的diversifoliate 异形叶的diversifolious 异形叶的diversion channel 泄水渠diversion conduit 分水渠division 分裂division of cytoplasm 胞质分裂dizygotic twins 异卵双生dna 脱氧核糖核酸dna agar technique dna 琼脂方法dna cloning dna无性繁殖dna dependent rna polymerase 依赖dna的rna聚合酶dna dna hybrid dna dna杂种dna groove dna沟dna hybridization dna杂化dna phage dna噬菌体dna polymerase dna聚合酶dna replication dna 复制dna synthesis dna合成dnoc 二硝甲酚dodder 菟丝子dodder transmission 菟丝子传染dog clutch 牙嵌式离合器dog herpesvirus 狗疱疹病毒dog leptospirosis 狗钩端螺旋体病dog nematosis 犬线虫病dog pest 犬瘟疫doldrums 赤道无风带dolomite 白云石dolomite powder 白云石粉尘domestic animal 家畜domestic animal pedigree 家畜系谱domestic animals anemia 家畜贫血domestic animals dyspepsia 家畜消化不良domestic animals slaughter 家畜屠宰domestic buffalo 驯养的水牛domestic pigeon 家鸽domestic sewerage 生活污水domestic sheep 绵羊domestication 驯化dominance 显性dominance deviation 显性离差dominance modifier 显性修饰因子dominance ratio 显性比dominancy 显性度dominant character 显性性状dominant effect 显性效应dominant epistasis 显性上位dominant gene 显性基因dominant species 显性种dominant tree 优势木donor 供体donor animal 供体动物dopamine 多巴胺dormancy 休眠dormancy breaker 休眠打破剂dormancy breaking 休眠打破dormant bud 潜伏芽dormant seed 休眠种子dorsal gland 背腺dorsal suture 背缝dosage 剂量dosimeter 射线计double cocoon 双宫茧double comparison 双重对比double cropping 两茬栽培double cropping system 两熟制double cross 双交double fertilization 双受精double flower 重瓣花double haploid 双单倍体double helix 双螺旋double knife mower 双刀割草机double layered cocoon 双重茧层double plough 套耕double superphosphate 重过磷酸钙double uterus 双子宫doubling time 倍增时间down 绒毛down producing goat 绒山羊downy mildew 霜霉病downy mildew of garlic 大蒜霜霉病doxicyclin 强力霉素draft cow 役用牛draft ox 役用牛drag rake 牵引式搂草机dragon fly 蜻蜓drain ditch 排水沟drain ditch in the field 田间排水沟drain pipe 排水管drainage 排水drainage canal 排水渠道drainage culvert 排水涵洞drainage discharge 排水量drainage ditch 排水渠道drainage equipment 排水施设drainage installation 排水施设drainage of stagnant water 排涝drainage outlet 排水出口drainage pump station 排水抽水站drainage river basin 河川硫drainage system 排水系统drainage tile 排水管drainage trenching 挖排水沟drained soil 排干的土壤drainer 排水机draining depth 排水深度draining scheme 排水规划drake 公鸭draught horse 役用马dredger 挖泥船dredging 疏浚dressed carcass percentage 屠宰率dried blood 血粉dried cocoon 干茧dried cocoon certification 干茧检定dried milk 干奶粉dried milk cake 奶豆腐dried mulberry leaf powder 干桑叶粉dried vegetable 干菜dried wool 干毛dried yeast 干酵母drill coulter 条播开沟器drilling machine 条播机drinking bowl 饮水器drinking water 饮用水drinking water supply 饮用水供给drinking water system 饮用水系统driven well 管井driving belt 传动皮带driving wheel 驱动轮drizzle 毛毛雨dromedary 单峰骆驼drone 雄蜂drop irrigation 滴灌drop of water level 水位下降dropping titration 点滴滴定drought 干旱drought damage 旱害drought field 受干旱的田drought index 干旱指数drought resistance 耐旱性drought stress 干旱应激drug combination 药剂混合drug plant 药用植物drug resistance 抗药性drug therapy 药物治疗drum dryer 旋转式干燥机drum for thresher 脱粒滚筒drumlin soil 鼓丘土drupaceous 核果状的drupe 核果drupel 小核果drupelet 小核果dry disinfection 干燥消毒dry duster 喷粉机dry dusting 喷粉dry farming 旱作旱农dry feed 干饲料dry feeding 干喂dry field 旱地dry field farming 旱田农作dry field irrigation 旱田灌溉dry field rice 旱稻dry field weeding 旱田锄草dry fruit 干果dry harrowing 干耙dry matter 干物质dry matter content 干物质含量dry red pepper 干辣椒dry rot 干腐病dry season 干旱期dry seed sterilizer 干式谷物种拌药机dry soil 干土dry treatment 干处理dryer 干燥机dryer of excretion 排泄物干燥机drying 干燥drying drum 干燥滚筒drying equipment 干燥设备drying installation 干燥装置drying room 干燥室dryland soil 旱地土壤dryland soil conservation 旱地土壤保护dual purpose cow 兼用母牛duck 鸭duck breeding 养鸭duck meat 鸭肉duck shed 鸭舍duckweed 线叶藻dugestive tract 消化道dulcin 卫矛醇dulcite 半乳糖醇dulcitol 半乳糖醇dummy 采精台dune 沙丘dune soil 沙丘土壤dunesand 沙丘沙土dung 动物粪dung depositary 粪窖dung earth 粪土dung scraper 刮粪铲dung spreader 厩肥撒布机duplication 重复duration 持续期间duration of flowering 开花期间duration of germination 发芽期间duration of storage 贮藏期间dust catcher 集尘器dust hopper 药粉箱dust mixer 药粉混合器dusting 撒粉dusting preparation 撒粉灯duststorm 尘暴dwarf apple 山荆子dwarf discase 侏儒症dwarf tree 矮乔木dyad 二分体dye plant 染料植物dyewood 染料木dynamic metamorphic rock 动力变质岩dynamo 发电机dynamometer 测功仪dysentery of cow 牛赤痢dysfunction 功能障碍dysphagia 吞咽不能dystocia 难产dystric cambisol 不饱和始成土dystric fluvisol 不饱和冲积土dystric gleysol 不饱和潜育土dystric histosol 不饱和有机土dystric lithosol 不饱和石质土dystric nitosol 不饱和强风化粘磐土dystric planosol 不饱和粘磐土dystric podzoluvisol 不饱和灰化土dystric regosol 不饱和粗骨土dystrophic arthritis 营养不良性关节炎dystrophy 营养障碍ear 耳;穗ear bacterial disease 穗细菌病ear bacterial disease of maize 玉米穗细菌病ear length 穗长ear mark 耳号ear picker 玉米摘穗机ear tag 耳标ear to row test 一穗一列检定earing 抽穗earing fertilizer 穗肥earing time 抽穗期earliness 早熟性early abortion 早期龙early carrot 早熟胡萝卜early culture 早期培养early early variety 极早熟品种early fattening 早期肥育early frost 早霜early fruit 早结果实early maturing cabbage 早熟甘蓝early maturing variety 早熟种early period of origination 发生初期early pumpkin 早熟南瓜early red pepper 早熟辣椒early rice 早熟稻early ripening maize 早熟玉米early tomato 早熟番茄early weaning 早期断奶early wood 早材early yield mulberry field 速成桑园earth almona 油莎草earth auger 挖坑机earth bank 土堰earth contact pressure 接地压earth culture 土培earth mixture 土壤混合earth pressure 土压earth roller 镇压器earth scoop 挖土铲斗earth thermometer 地温计earth worm 蚯蚓earth's crust 地壳earthquake 地震east indian lotus 莲ebp 稻瘟净ecdysone 蜕皮素ecesis 定居echinostomosis 棘口吸虫病eclosion 羽化eco physiology 生态生理学ecoclimate 生态气候ecoclimatology 生态气候学ecocline 生态差型ecological change 生态变化ecological character 生态性状ecological factor 生态因素ecological selectivity 生态选择性ecological soil type 生态土型ecological treatment 生态处理ecology 生态学economic age 经济年令economic useful plant 经济植物economical character 农艺性状ecospecies 生态种ecosystem 生态系ecotope 生态环境ecotype 生态型ectoblast 外胚层ectoderm 外胚层ectoparasite 外寄生物ectoparasitism 外寄生ectoplasm 外质ectotrophic mycorrhiza 外生菌根eczema 湿疹edaphic ecotype 土壤生态型edaphic factor 土壤因素edaphon 土壤生物edatope 土壤环境eddo 芋edema disease of piglet 小猪水肿病edible burdock 牛蒡eelworm disease 线虫病effect of density 密度效果effect of fertilizer 肥料效果effect of soil drying 干土效应effect of soil freezing 冻土效应effect of soil temperature raising 地温上升效果effect of weed control 除草效应effective accumulated temperature 有效积温effective cross sectional area 有效断面积effective depth 有效水深effective error mean square 有效误差平方和effective error variance 有效误差平方和effective head 有效水头effective number of replicates 有效重复数effective precipitation 有效降水量effective radiant energy 有效辐射能effective radiation 有效辐射effective rainfall 有效雨量effective segregation 有效分离effective soil layer 有效土层effective storage capacity 有效蓄水量effective temperature 有效温度effective value 有效值effectivity 效能efficiency 效能efficiency of plate culture 平板培养效率efficiency test 效率试验effluent 废水egg 蛋egg albumin 卵白朊egg character 蛋性状egg cleaner 洗蛋机egg color 卵色egg deposition 产卵egg for spring rearing 春蚕种egg grader 鸡蛋分级机egg hatchability 蛋孵化率egg incubation 蛋孵化egg laying 产蛋egg laying amount 产卵量egg laying period 产卵期egg laying rate 产卵率egg of oak silkworm 柞蚕卵egg package 蛋包装egg parasite 卵寄生虫egg plant 茄egg production 蛋生产egg productivity 产蛋性egg segmentation 卵割egg shape 卵形egg shell 蛋壳egg turning 翻蛋egg white 卵白egg yolk 蛋黄egyptian clover 埃及车轴草eigenvalue 特盏ejaculation 射精ejaculatory amount 射精量ejaculatory duct 射精管ejaculatory sac 射精囊elasticity 弹性elastomer 弹性体elater 弹丝elecampane 土木香electric brooder 电热式育雏器electric conductivity titration 导电度滴定法electric double layer 双电层electric drier 电气干燥机electric fence 电围栏electric hotbed 电温床electric incubator 电热式孵化器electric pump 电动泵electric titration 电气滴定法electrical thermometer 电子温度表electro chemical analysis 电化学分析electroanalysis 电解分析electroconductivity 导电度electrodialysis 电透析electrolysis 电解electrolyte 电解质electromagnetic seeder 电磁播种机electromotor 电动机electron staining 电子染色electroosmosis 电渗electrophoresis 电泳electrophoretic analysis 电泳分析element of mulberry leaf 桑叶成分elementary body 原粒体elementary chromatin fibril 基本染色质原纤维elementary pedogenetic process 要素的土壤形成过程elementary species 基本种elemi 揽香脂elevation 海拔elevator 升运器elevator loader 升运平装载机elite field 原种圃elite stock seed 原种elliptical cocoon 椭圆形茧elongation 伸长eluvial deposit 残积层eluvial horizon 淋溶层eluvial soil 淋溶土eluvium 残积层emasculation 去雄embankment 填土堤embankment works 护岸工程embryo 胚embryo culture 胚胎培养embryo extract 胚抽出物embryo preservation 胚保藏embryo sac 胚囊embryo splitting 胚分裂embryo transfer 胚胎移植embryo transplantation 胚胎移植embryoid 胚状体embryonated egg 孵化蛋embryonic development 胚胎发育embryotomy 胎儿截割术emergence 羽化emigration 移住emission spectroanalysis 发光光谱分析emphysema of horses 马肺气肿emphysematous carbuncle 气肿疽emphysematous gangrene 气肿疽empirical distribution 经验分布empirical function 经验函数emptier 卸荷器倒空装置emulsibility 乳化性emulsifier 乳化剂emulsion 乳浊液emulsion pesticide 油剂农药encephalitis 脑炎encephalomalacia of chicken 雏鸡脑软化症encephalomyelitis of chicken 鸡传染性脑脊髓炎encephalomyelomeningitis 脑脊髓膜炎endemic 地方病endemic goiter 地方性甲状腺肿endemic species 当地种endive 苦苣endoblast 内胚层endocarditis 心内膜炎endocarp 内果皮endocrine disease 内分泌病endocrine gland 内分泌腺endocrine secretion 内分泌endocrine system 内分泌系统endoderm 内胚层endoenzyme 胞内酶endogamy 同系交配endogenous budding 内出芽endogenous nitrogen 内源氮endogenous spore 内生孢子endomesoderm 内中胚层endometritis 子宫内膜炎endomitosis 核内有丝分裂endoparasite 体内寄生虫endophyte 内生植物endoplasmic reticulum 内质网endopleura 内种皮endopolyploidy 内多倍性endoreduplication 核内复制endoscope 内窥镜endosperm 胚乳endospore 内生孢子endostome 内珠孔endothecium 蒴内层endothia canker of japanese chestnut 栗守枯病endotoxin 内毒素endotrophic mycorrhiza 内生菌根endrin 异狄氏剂energy agriculture 能源农业energy consumption 能量消耗energy exchange 能量交换energy feed 能量饲料energy generation 能量成生energy loss 能量损耗energy management 能量管理energy metabolism 能量代谢energy source 能源energy value 能量值engine 发动机english gooseberry 醋栗english ryegrass 黑麦草enology 葡萄学ensilage harvester 青贮罪收割机enterobiasis of rabbit 兔蛲虫病enterogastritis 胃肠炎enterotoxemia of sheep 羊快疫enterovirus 肠病毒enterovirus infection of domestic animal 家畜肠病毒感染entisol 新成土entoderm 内胚层entoenzyme 胞内酶entomology 昆虫学entomophagous 食虫的entomophilous 虫媒的entomophilous flower 虫媒花entomophilous plants 虫媒植物entomophilous pollination 虫媒entomophily 虫媒enucleation 核摘出environment 环境environmental condition 环境条件environmental control 环境控制environmental correlation 环境相关environmental disruption 环境破坏environmental factor 环境因素environmental influence 环境影响environmental pollution 公害environmental protection 环境保护environmental temperature 环境温度environmental variance 环境方差enzootic pneumonia of pig 猪列性肺炎enzymatic analysis 酵素分析enzymatic hydrolysis 酶水解enzyme 酵素enzyme activator 酶活化剂enzyme inhibitor 酶抑制剂enzyme membrane 酶膜enzyme reactor 酶反应器enzymic activity 酶活性enzymic disease 酶病eosinocyte 嗜酸血球ephemeral fever 一日热ephemeroptera 蜉蝣目epiblast 上胚层epicardium 心外膜epicarp 外果皮epicarpium 外果皮epicondyle 上epicotyl 上胚轴epidermal 上皮的epidermic 上皮的epidermis 表皮epidermization 表皮形成epididymis 附睾epididymitis 附睾炎epigynous 上位的epilepsy 癫痫epilepsy of domestic animal 家畜癫痫epinasty 偏上性epiparasitism 复寄生epipetalous 花冠上着生的epiphyllous 叶上着生的epiphyte 附生植物epiphytology 传染病学epiphytotics 植物列病episome 游离基因epispore 孢表壁epistasis 上位epithelium 上皮epizootic 列疫epizootic arthritis 兽疫性关节炎epizootic lymphangitis of horse 马列性淋巴管炎epizootic origin 列疫起源epizootology 家畜列病学epoophoron 卵巢冠equalizer 平衡器均衡器equation of equilibrium 平衡方程equation of state 状态方程equatorial calm 赤道无风带equatorial plate 赤道板equidistant sampling method 等距取样法equilibrium disorder 平衡障碍equilibrium population 平衡群体equine contagious pleuropneumonia 马传染性胸膜肺炎equine encephalomyelitis 马脑脊髓炎equine epizootic arthritis 马兽疫性关节炎equine infectious anaemia 马传染性贫血equine infectious rhinopneumonia 马传染性鼻肺炎equine influenza 马列性感冒equipment of sprinkler irrigation 喷灌设施equivalent 当量equivalent isomorphism 等价类同象equivalent temperature 当量温度erect 直立的erect lateral branch 直立侧枝eremophytes 荒漠植物ergosterol 麦角甾醇ergot 麦角病ergot of wheat and barley 麦类麦角病ergotism 麦角中毒eri silk moth 蓖麻蚕eri silkworm 蓖麻蚕eri silkworm rearing 蓖麻蚕饲育erianthous 具绵毛状花的eriocalyx 绵毛萼的eriocarpous 绵毛果的eriocaulis 绵毛茎的eriophyllous 绵毛叶的eriospermous 绵毛种子的eroded soil 侵蚀土erosion 侵蚀erosion and torrent control works 水土保持工程erosion control plant 防止侵蚀植物erosion gully 侵蚀沟erosion process 侵蚀过程erosion rate 侵蚀率erosive action 侵蚀酌erostrate 缺嘴的error 误差error band 误差范围error coefficient 误差系数error curve 误差曲线error equation 误差方程error function 误差函数error limit 误差限度error sum squares 误差平方和error theory 误差理论error variance 误差方差error variation 误差变异eruptive rock 喷出岩eruptive sedimentary rock 喷出沉积岩erythrocarpous 红果的erythrocyte 红血球erythropoiesis 红细胞生成erythrosine 赤藓红esculent crop 食用罪esophagus 食道esophagus obstruction 食道梗塞esophagus vulnus 食道创伤esophagus wound 食道创伤esp 异砜磷essential amino acid 必需氨基酸essential aminoacid index 必需氨基酸指数essential fatty acid 必需脂肪酸essential oil 精油essential oil crop 香精油罪ester 酯esterase 酯酶esterification 酯化estimated breeding value 推定种畜价值estimated crop yield 估产estimated value 估值estimation of gene frequency 基因频率估计estimation of mutation frequency 突变频率估计estival 夏季的estoproctous polyzoa 苔藓动物类estox 异砜磷estrogen 雌激素estrous cycle 性周期estrous sign 发情症状estrus 发情estrus duration 发情持续时间estrus synchronization 发情同期化estuary 河口ethanol 乙醇ethephon 乙烯利ethion 乙硫磷ethology 个体生态学ethrel 乙烯利ethyl ether 乙基醚ethylene 乙烯ethylene chlorohydrin 乙撑氯醇ethylene dibromide 二溴乙烷etiolation 黄化eucalyptus 桉树蓝桉euploidy 整倍性eupnea 平静呼吸eupnoea 平静呼吸european chestnut 欧洲栗european grain moth 谷蛾european race 欧洲种euryhaline 广盐性的euryphagous 广食性的euryphotic 广光性的eurytrematosis 阔盘吸虫病eutric cambisol 饱和始成土eutric fluvisol 饱和冲积土eutric gleysol 饱和潜育土eutric histosol 饱和有机土eutric lithosol 饱和石质土eutric nitosol 饱和强风化粘磐土eutric planosol 饱和粘磐土eutric podzoluvisol 饱和灰化土eutric regosol 饱和粗骨土eutrophic 富营养的eutrophication 富营养化evaporated milk 炼乳evaporation 蒸发evaporation discharge 蒸发量evaporation heat of soil 土壤蒸发热evaporation inhibitor 土地水分蒸发抑制剂evaporation loss 蒸发耗损evaporation suppressant 土地水分蒸发抑制剂evaporativity 蒸发率evaporator 蒸发器evapotranspiration 蒸发蒸腾酌evening primrose 月见草event 事件evergreen plant 常绿植物evolution 进化evolutionary soil science 进化土壤学ewe 母绵羊ex situ 天然状态外exact culture test 精密栽培试验exact test 精密试验exalbuminose 无胚乳的exalbuminous 无胚乳的examination 检验excess symptom of nitrogen 氮素过多症状excess symptom of nutrient elements 营养元素过剩症状excessive phenomenon of nitrogen 氮素过多现象excessive symptom 过剩症状exchange acidity 代换性酸度exchange adsorption 交换吸附exchange coefficient 交换系数exchangeable base 代换性盐基exchangeable cation 代换性阳离子exchangeable nitrogen 交换性氮excision 切除excitation 激发excrescence 赘生物excreta 排泄物excreta of accessory sex gland 副性腺分泌物excreta of silkworm 蚕的排泄物excretion 排泄excretory system 排泄系统exemplar 标本exhaust fan 排气风扇exine 外膜exocarp 外果皮exocrine gland 外分泌腺exocrine secretion 外分泌exoderm 外皮层exoenzyme 胞外酶exogamy 异系交配exogenetic 外生的exogenic 外生的exogenous 外生的exogenous budding 外生出芽exogenous geological process 外因地质酌exogenous gleying 外因潜育酌exon 外显子exoplasm 外质exospore 外生孢子exosporium 外膜exostome 外珠孔exothecium 药室外壁exotoxin 外毒素expanding harrow 伸展式钉齿耙expansibility 膨胀性expected value 期望值experiment on individual factor 单因子试验experimental 实验的experimental cross 试验杂交experimental culture 试验栽培experimental design 试验设计experimental error 试验误差experimental factor 试验因素experimental field 试验田experimental group 试验组experimental instrument 实验仪器experimental method of animal husbandry 畜牧试验法experimental plan 试验设计experimental plot 试验小区experimental scheme 试验设计experimental space 试验空间experimental value 实验值expiration 呼气explosing egg 爆破卵explosive movement 破裂运动exponent 指数exponential curve 指数曲线exponential distribution 指数分布exponential equation 指数方程exponential function 指数函数expressivity 表现度extensive cultivating crop 粗放耕罪extensive cultivation 粗放栽培extensive farming method 粗放农业extensive husbandry 粗放饲养extensive pasture 粗放放牧exterior quality 外观品质extermination of disease and insect pest 病虫害防治external digestion 体外消化external dudding 外生出芽external fertilization 体外受精external form 外部形态extinction coefficient 吸光系数extine 外膜extirpation 摘除extra foliaceous 离叶的extra nuclear 核外的extracellular 胞外的extracellular enzyme 胞外酶extract 提出物extraction 抽出extraction method 抽出法extranuclear inheritance 核外遗传extrauterine pregnancy 子宫外妊娠extremely early variety 极早熟品种extremum air temperature 极气温extrorse 向外的extrusion 压制exudate 渗出物exudative dermatitis of piglets 仔猪湿疹exuvial number 脱皮次数exuvial period 脱皮期eye 芽眼;眼eye disease 眼病eyebright 小米草eyespotted bud moth 苹果芽小卷叶蛾。

农业资源与环境专业英语名词

农业资源与环境专业英语名词

designate 特指的 desire 渴望 desired harvest moisture 适 宜的收获含水量 destruction 确定 detect 确定 detection 检测 determine 决定 determining 确定 detrimental 致命的 develop 培育 development 发育 diagnosis 诊断 diagnostic methods 诊断方 法 diagnostic method 诊断方法 diameter 直径 dideoxy 双脱氧 differentiation 分化 dip to 下降 disease intection 感病 disease resistance 抗病性 disorders 紊乱 disprove 证明…是虚假的 dissolve 溶解 diverse 各种 division 分裂 domestication 驯化 dominance 显性性状 优势 dominant 显性的 double cross 双交 draft 草图 drain 沟 drainage 排水 drift 漂变 drill 播种机 dry down rate 干燥速率 dry plant tissue 干物质 duplication 重复
C
calculate 计算出 canola 加拿大油菜 canopy 冠层
capacity 能力 carbon dioxide 二氧化碳 carbonates 碳酸盐 cash 兑现 certified 合格的,经过认证 的 chemical 化学 chromosome 染色体 circumstances 区域 citrate-soluble 柠 檬 酸 溶 解 性磷 civil 国内的 civilian 平民的 civility 礼貌的 civilizable 可文明化的 clay 粘质,粘土 climate 气候 climatic 气候上的 clone 克隆 close 缩短 co-dominance 共显性 codon 密码子 combination 合作,排列 combination 混合物,综合 combine 联合 commercial 商用的 commercially 商业上 commit 趋近于 compaction 压实,紧实 competitive 竞争力 concentrated 集中的 concentration 含量 concentration 浓度 condition 处理 conditions 情况,条件 conduct 执行 confuse…with 和…混淆 conservation 保水 consistently 持续 contaminate 污染 content 含量 controversial 受争议的 conventional 传统的 converted 变成

环境工程专业英语第二版重点课文翻译及复习

环境工程专业英语第二版重点课文翻译及复习

life expectancy :耐用期限,平均寿命poverty-stricken :贫穷的,贫困的,贫乏的smog-laden air :烟雾弥漫的天空,烟雾缭绕的空气,阴霾天气global conditions :全球状况haves and have-nots :富人和穷人underprivileged :社会地位低下的,相对贫困的,生活水平低下的,弱势的savanna :热带大草原,稀树草原predator :食肉动物,捕食者environmental disruptions :环境破坏,环境失调农药—pesticide / agricultural chemicals (including: pesticide, germicide, herbicide)化肥—chemical fertilizer 有机废物—organic wastes微生物—microorganism / microbe 衰减—attenuation阻滞的—retardant / blocking 稀释—dilution添加剂—additive 合成塑料—synthetic plastic 再生—regenerationUnit 4Precision and accuracy 精确度和准确度bulk collection 大量的搜集matric material 基体材料ananlytical sequence 分析结果Multivariate statistics 多变量的统计interactive effect 相互间的影响insofar 在...的范围overall analytical scheme 整体分析计划灵敏度sensitivity 采样sample collection 真实时间real time样品欲处理pretreatment of the sample 稳定性stability曲线拟合curve-fitting 吸附adsorb adsorption 累积accumulate accumulation 分析评价analytical evaluation 物理分离physical separation因次图dimension graph 标准方差standard varianceUnit 5primary pollutant 一次大气污染物secondary pollutant 二次大气污染物air stagnation 空气流动停滞,大气停滞nitrous oxide 一氧化二氮(N2O)nitric oxide 一氧化氮(NO) nitrogen dioxide 二氧化氮(NO2)soot 煤烟dust 灰尘smog 烟雾ozone 臭氧herbicide 除草剂pesticide 杀虫剂/ 农药正常浓度normal concentration 严重污染的serious polluted / heavily polluted决定因素determining factor 光化学氧化物photochemical oxidant液体微滴liquid droplet 放射性物质radioactive substance不完全氧化incomplete oxidization / incomplete combustion含硫的sulfur-containing 风化wind erosion / weathering 汽车尾气automobile exhaustUnit 7出口outlet 多管高效旋风分离器multitube high-efficiency cyclone合成纤维synthetic fabric 捕集效率collection efficiency机械洗涤mechanical scrubbing 压力降pressure drop焚化炉incinerator 气体离子gas ion捕集板collection surface 碳黑carbon black尾气off-gas 可应用性applicability 工业规模full-scale 土壤床soil bed生物过滤器biofilter 固定资本fixed capital 易生物降解的easily biodegraded VOC 挥发性有机化合物APC 大气污染控制Regulatory program 调整项目Financial support 财政支持Operating cost 操作成本Biodegradation capacity 生物降解能力Environmental media 环境介质Biological 生物学的Technologies 技术、工艺Inorganic air pollutants 无机大气污染物Unit 10treatment facilities 处理设备municipality 市政当局, 自治市population equivalent 人口当量basement flooding 地下室浸水per capita per day 每人每天runoff 排水domestic sewage 生活污水type of terrain 地形种类Unit 12land disposal 掩埋处置fecal coliform 粪大肠菌群stringent effluent requirement 严格的废水排放要求assimilation capacity 同化能力practical outlets 可行的排出途径,现实出路aquatic life 水生生物detrimental to human health 对人体健康有害的endogenous phase 内源〔生长〕期Unit 13flow monitoring 流量监测equipment age and reliability 装备老化及其可靠性mechanistic facilities 机械设备microbial activity 微生物活性activated sludge 活性污泥controlling respiration 控制呼吸oxidation ditches 氧化沟on-line automation 在线自动〔监测〕手动控制operator control/ manual control 最优化minimize the effects微处理器microprocessor 统计分析statistical analysis质量衡算mass balance 动力学dynamics氧化还原oxidation and reduction /redox 停留时间residence time模拟simulation 参数parameter 水解hydrolysis 积分integralUnit 1 环境工程本书的内容:本书的目的是使工科和理科学生对环境问题的跨学科的研究有所了解:环境问题的起因,环境问题受关注的原因,如何控制环境问题。

农水专业术语及英文

农水专业术语及英文

专业术语解释与说明答案1.节水灌溉是根据作物需水规律及当地供水条件,为了有效地利用降水和灌溉水获取农业的最佳经济效益、社会效益和生态环境效益而采取的多种灌溉措施,如喷灌、滴灌、膜上灌等。

9.蒸腾作用是指水分以气态状态,通过植物的叶片,从体内散失到体外的现象13.水从土壤经作物而到大气保持着连续状态,并构成一个完整的系统,称SPAC 系统。

14.对不良环境的适应性和抵抗力,称为植物的抗性生理。

植物的抗性生理就是研究不良环境对植物生命活动的影响以及植物对不良环境的抗御能力15.对植物产生伤害的环境称为逆境,又称胁迫 22.植物常受到的有害环境之一是缺水,当植物耗水大于根系吸水时,就使植物体内组织水分亏缺。

过度的水分亏缺的现象,称为干旱23.以投入与产出的微观经济学的观点出发,描述物作产量(干物质或籽粒产量)与其主要影响因素(或投入资源)之间的数学关系称为生产函数24.作物产量与水分因子之间的数学关系称水分生产函数。

()a ETa W f Y θ//=25.由各生育阶段(i)的相对腾发量或相对缺水量作自变量,用各阶段连乘的数学式构成阶段效应对产量(相对产量)总的影响数学模型,称为乘法模型,最常应用的是Jensen 模型 26.由各生育阶段(i)的相对腾发量或相对缺水量作自变量,用各自分别影响相加的数学式构成对产量(相对产量)总影响的数学模型,称加法模型,最常用的是Blank 模型27.喷灌即喷洒灌溉,用压力管道输水,再由喷头将水喷洒到空中,形成细小雨滴,均匀地洒落在地面,湿润土壤并满足作物需水要求的一种灌水方式28.喷灌系统是把水源,喷灌设备和田间工程有机地结合起来,使他成为为一个相对独立的整体,以达到将灌溉用水均匀地喷灌到农田,来满足农作物生长对水分的要求30.单位时间内喷洒降落在田间的水深,称为喷灌强度。

喷灌强度在概念上与降雨强度一致,喷灌强度的单位常用:毫米/小时mm/h 。

31. 喷灌均匀度是指喷灌水量在喷洒面积上分布的均匀程度 32.喷灌均匀系数是一个表示一定面积上水量分布均匀程度的指标33.水滴打击强度是指单位受水面积获得水滴撞击能量的大小,包括作物和地表土壤,具体说就是1mm 水深的水滴落在田面上的动能。

农业统计口译词汇

农业统计口译词汇

农业统计口译词汇 (来自联合国译员) Agricultural Statistics 农业统计(E-C)-- (FAO)abridged life table简易生命表abrupt change突变abrupt distribution陡度分布abscissa横坐标absolute deviation绝对误差absolute frequency绝对频率absolute moment about an arbitrary value 任意价值的绝对矩量absolute variability绝对可变性absolutely unbiased estimator绝对无偏估计量absorbing state吸收状态abstract measure抽象测度acceptable quality level合格质量水平,可接受的质量水平acceptable reliability level可接受的可靠性水平acceptance boundary接受(合格)界限acceptance inspection验收检验,合格检验acceptance line合格线acceptance number合格数acceptance region接受域,承认域acceptance sampling可接受抽样,合格抽样acceptance sampling plan抽样验收方案accession rate就业增长率accession rate to the labour force 劳动就业率accidental sampling偶然抽样accumulated deviation累积离差accuracy精确度,准确度activity diversity index活动多样性指数activity ratio活动率actual price实际价格additive process可加过程additive property of means平均值的可加特性additivity of means平均值的可加性adjusted index (pl. indices)调整指数adjusted rate调整率adjustment (of data)调整advance estimate事先估计,事前估计age distribution年龄分布,船龄分布,帐龄分布, 年龄结构age group年龄组age pyramid年龄金字塔ageing of the population人口老化,人口老龄化age-specific divorce rate按年龄的离婚率age-specific marital fertility rate按年龄的已婚妇女生育率age-specific marriage rate按年龄的结婚率age-specific overall fertility rate按年龄的总生育率aggregate (adj.)总的,总体的aggregate data总量数据,综合数据aggregate economic activity综合经济活动aggregate error差错总计aggregate household food security index 综合家庭粮食安全指数aggregate level总体水平aggregate (n.)总量、累积,综合指标(名词)aggregate (v.)总计,聚集(动词)aggregate value总值,总合价值aggregate value added总合增值,增值价值总计aggregated food accounts粮食总帐户aggregative index (pl. indices)综合指数aggregative model综合模式,总体模式aggregative price index (pl. indices)综合价格指数agricultural census农业普查agricultural population农业人口agricultural price index numbers农产品价格指数agricultural production index numbers 农业生产指数agricultural statistics农业统计agricultural survey农业调查agricultural year农业年aligned systematic sample配套系统样品alignment chart调正列线图,计算图表allocation of sampling units抽样单位分配allokurtic (adj.)异峰态的allowable defect容许缺陷amount of information信息量amount of inspection检查量,检查次数amplitude ratio幅比analysis of crop response to fertilizers 肥料的产量效应分析ancillary estimator辅助估计量ancillary statistic辅助统计量animal production statistics家畜生产统计annual death probability年度死亡概率annual time unit年度时间单位anomic (adj.)反常的antimode反众数area in owner-like possession类似土地所有者的(自耕)耕地面积area operated on a squatter basis擅自占有者的耕地面积area operated under tribal tenure forms 部落占有形式的耕地面积area owned拥有产权的土地面积area rented from others向他人租用的土地面积area sampling地区抽样areal breakdown区域分类areal grid区域坐标arithmetic mean算术平均数,算术平均值array (n.)序列array (v.)排列,列阵ascertainment error查明的误差assignable cause不可忽视的原因assumed model假定模型asymptotic efficiency渐近效率,渐近有效性asymptotically efficient estimator渐近有效估计量asymptotically unbiased estimator渐近无偏估计量attribute plan属性取样计划,品质取样计划autocatalytic curve自催化曲线autocorrelation coefficient自相关系数autoregression自动回归autoregressive integrated moving average processprocess综合自回归移动平均过程autoregressive process自回归过程average amount of inspection 平均检验数average (n.)平均数,算术平均数average outgoing quality平均出厂合格率,平均交付质量average sample number平均抽样量,平均值抽样数average sample number curve 平均抽样数量曲线,平均样本数曲线average (v.)平均计算avoirdupois常衡吨axonometric chart轴线测定图balance of migration移入移出的差额balance sheet借贷对照表,资产负债表balanced (adj.)平衡的balanced confounding平衡混杂balanced design平衡设计balanced error对称误差balanced factorial experimental design 平衡析因实验设计balanced incomplete block平衡不完全区组balanced incomplete block design平衡不完全区组设计balanced lattice平衡构架balanced lattice square平衡方构架balanced sample平衡样本,对称样本balanced sampling平衡抽样band chart阴影图,带形图bar chart棒状图表base line基线base (of an index)指数基础base (of classification)(分类)基础base period基期base reversal test换基检验base weighting基期加权base year基期年度,基年baseline data基准数据baseline survey基准调查base-weighted index (pl. indices) 基期加权指数basic and processed data基础加工数据basic facts基本数据basic plot基本田块batch批量,批batch variation批变异bell-shaped curve钟形曲线benchmark基准点benchmark data基准数据benchmark index (pl. indices)基准指数benchmark statistics基本统计,标志性统计数据Bernoulli distribution伯努里分布,两项式概率分布best absolutely unbiased estimator 最佳绝对无偏估计量best critical region最佳临界区域best fit最佳拟合,最佳配合best linear estimator最佳线性估计量best linear unbiased estimator最佳线性无偏估计量between-groups variance组间变异,组间方差bias偏差,经济预测中的倾向性biased estimator有偏估计量,偏误估计量bifactor model双因素模式,双因子模型bimodal distribution双峰分布binomial distribution两项式分布binomial expansion两项展开式,两项式展开binomial of negative exponent负指数两项式binomially-weighted average两项加权平均数biometrician生物统计学家biometry生物统计学biostatistics生物统计biostatistics of reproduction生物繁殖统计学家birth of order二序出生birth order statistics出生顺序统计birth rate出生率birth-and-death process生死过程biserial correlation双列相关,双序列相关bivariate analysis双变数分析bivariate binomial distribution二元二项分布bivariate distribution双变数分配bivariate frequency distribution二元频率分布bivariate negative binomial distribution二维负二项分布bivariate normal distribution distribution二元正态分布bivariate statistical series双变量统计序列block demonstration分组示范,分批示范block diagram分组图block method分组方法block sampling分组抽样branching process分支过程break (in a statistical series) 中断breakdown of results结果分类bulk sample散装货物样品bulk sampling散装货物抽样calendar variations季节变差,季度变动calendar year日历年度,历年canonical correlation典型相关,典型对比canonical variate标准变量canvass (v.)调访capture-release sampling捉放抽样cartogram地图图示法cascade process阶式过程,多阶段过程case fatality rate疾病致死率case fatality ratio疾病致死比catch and landing statistics 捕捞-上岸量统计cattle number家畜头数cause-specific mortality rate 分原因死亡率cell frequency单位频率cell <in table>(表的) 单元格censal (adj.)纳税的censored distribution删截样本分布censored test删截样本测验censoring审查,删截census calendar普查时间表census coverage普查范围census family人口普查的家庭;统计的家庭census frame普查构架census item普查项目census population普查人口census schedule普查表census scope普查范围census survey普查census test普查试点census-taking进行普查centile百分值,百分位数centile range百分值区间central confidence interval 中心置信区间central death rate中心死亡率central factorial moment中心阶乘矩central limit theorem中心极限定理central moment中心矩central tendency中心趋势centred moment of order q q序列中心矩centred random variable中心随机变量certain event必然事件certainty of an event事件的确定性chain index (pl. indices)连锁指数,连续指数change-of-base test基数变动试验changeover trial换兑试验,转期试验Charlier check沙利尔验算法,查利复检法chart计算图,图chi-square(d) distribution卡方分布chi-square(d) statistic卡方统计, 卡方分布变量chi-square(d) test卡方检验chi-statistic卡式统计chunk sampling自然分组抽样circular distribution循环分布circular test循环检验circular triad循环三元组class frequency组频数class interval组距class mark组值classification by work status 按就业状况分类closed population封闭式人口,封闭性人口closed sequential scheme闭合连续方案closeness (in estimation)(估计的)接近程度closeness of agreement between results 结果之间的一致程度closeness to true value与真实价值的接近程度,与实际价值的接近程度cluster analysis群集分析法cluster sampling群集抽样法,成类抽样法coding (of statistical data)(统计数据)编码coding scheme编码计划,编码方案coefficient of agreement一致性系数coefficient of association伴联系数,关联系数coefficient of colligation综合系数coefficient of consistence一致性系数coefficient of disarray无序系数coefficient of disturbancy扰动系数coefficient of kurtosis峰度系数,峰态系数coefficient of multiple determination复测定系数coefficient of product(-)moment correlation 积矩系数coefficient of reliability可靠性系数coefficient of variation变差系数,变异系数cohort analysis队列分析,组群分析cohort life table队列生命表cohort measure队列度量, 队列指数cohort rate队列率, 世代率,产出率cohort reproduction rate队列再生产率, 世代再生产率collapsed strata折迭层collection of statistical data统计数据的收集column diagram柱形图表combinatorial analysis组合分析combinatorial power mean组合幂均值commodity coverage商品范围commodity table商品表,商品目录common factor space共商空间common factor variance共商差异communicator信息人员commuting交换comparative density index (pl. indices) 人口密度比较指标comparison base比较基数compensating error补偿误差,冲销差错compilation of data编制数据complete coverage完整总体,完全的包括范围complete enumeration全数调查,全面调查completed fertility完全生育率completely randomized design完全随机化设计completely randomized factorial design 完全随机化析因设计completeness完整性complex table复式表component analysis分量分析,组成成分分析component bar chart合成条线,分量条形图composite hypothesis综合假设composite index (pl. indices)综合指数composite sampling复合抽样composite sampling scheme复合抽样方案compound frequency distribution 复合频率分布compound probability复合概率,合成概率compressed limits压缩界限compromise allocation折衷分析concordant sample协调样本conditional distribution条件分布conditional expectation条件期望conditional mean of YY的条件均值conditional probability条件概率conditional statistic条件统计量confidence coefficient置信系数confidence interval置信区间confidence level可信赖程度,置信水平confidence limit置信界限confidence limits置信界限confidence region置信区域confluence analysis合流分析confounded factorial design 混杂析因设计confounding混杂,混杂设计conjugate latin squares共轭拉丁方阵conjugate ranking共轭排列conservative process守恒过程consistency check一致性检验consistency index一致性指数consistent estimate一致估计值,相容估计consistent estimator一致估计量consistent statistic一致统计量constant failure rate不变故障率constant risk estimator固定风险估计量constraint约束条件consumer preference study消费者喜好研究consumer price index (pl. indices) 消费价格指数consumer's risk消费者风险contagious distribution嵌纹分布,核心分布contingency coefficient列联系数contingency table相依表,分割表continuous frequency distribution 连续频率分布continuous frequency function连续频率函数continuous random variable连续随机变量continuous scale连续比例continuous variable连续变量contour chart等值线图,等高线图control chart管理图表,质量评估图converge (v.) in probability to y 趋向y的概率性收敛converge (v.) stochastically to y 趋向y的概率性收敛conversion factor换算系数,转换因子convolution卷积,褶合corner test象限检验法corrected moment修正矩corrected rate校正率correction for abruptness陡度分布的校正correction for attenuation衰减校正correction for bias偏差的校正correction for continuity连续性的校正correction for grouping归组校正correlated variate sampling 相关变量抽样correlated variates相关变量correlation coefficient相关系数correlation matrix相关矩阵correlation ratio相关比correlation table相关表cost function成本功能,成本函数cost insurance freight成本、保险加运费,到岸价格cost-of-living index生活费用指数country brief国家概况country case study国家实例研究country data国家数据country notes国家说明covariance analysis协方差分析covariance matrix协方差矩阵coverage范围,覆盖区coverage error范围误差Cram閞-Rao inequality克莱姆-拉奥不等式critical level of significance 有效临界水平,显著性临界水平critical region判域critical value临界值,临界价crop yield作物产量cross section横截面,剖面cross-checking交互检查,相互核对cross-classification交叉分类cross-correlation互相关,交叉相关cross-country study跨国研究crossed-weight index number交叉加权指数cross-over design分期处理轮换设计,交叉设计cross-sectional analysis典型分析,横断面分析, 截面分析,横切分析cross-sectional index number交叉指数cross-sectional survey截面调查cross-tabulation交叉汇总,交叉制表crude birth rate总出生率,粗出生率crude death rate粗死亡率crude marriage rate粗结婚率crude rate粗算概率crypto-deterministic process隐定过程cubic lattice立方晶格,立方点阵cuboidal lattice design似立方晶格设计,似立方点阵设计cumulant-generating function累积量生成函数cumulated first marriage frequency累积初婚频率cumulative absolute frequency累积绝对频率cumulative absolute frequency polygon 累积绝对频率多边形cumulative chart累积图表cumulative error累积误差cumulative fertility累积生育率cumulative frequency累积频率cumulative frequency curve累积频率曲线cumulative frequency distribution累积频率分布cumulative normal distribution累积正态分布,累积常态分布cumulative relative frequency polygon 累积相对频率多边形cumulative sum distribution累积总合分布current population statistics现有人口统计current school statistics经常教育统计资料current statistics现时统计数字curtailed inspection缩减检验curtailed sampling缩略抽样curve fitting曲线拟合,曲线配合curve of concentration集中曲线curvilinear regression曲线型回归cut-off level截止水平,截止点cyclical fluctuation周期性波动,循环变动周期性波动cyclical movement周期变动,周期运动cyclical peaks and troughs循环性波峰和波谷dairy cattle number奶牛头数damped oscillation阻尼振荡,衰减振荡damping factor衰减因数,阻尼因数data not available无数据data quality indicators数据质量指标day-labourer做零工的工人,做日工的工人de facto population实际人口de jure population常住人口death probability死亡概率death rate死亡率death rate of the stationary population 稳定人口的死亡率decile十分位数,频率分配中的十分位decile range十分位幅度decision function决策函数decision space决策空间decision-making决策deep stratification深度层化,深度分层法defective unit缺陷单位deflating缩减,收缩deflator紧缩指数,销胀指数degree of freedom自由度degree of kurtosis峰度值degree of randomness随机程度demographic and health survey人口及死亡调查depopulation人口减少derived index派生指数,导出指数de script ive statistics描述统计学,叙述统计deterministic process确定性过程detrimental variable有害变量development of indicators制定指标deviance偏差deviation from the arithmetic mean 与算术平均值的差离diet recall膳食调查;访谈调查;访谈粮食调查dietary survey膳食调查differential covariation差量协变differential mortality差别死亡率direct interview直接访谈,直接调访direct method of standardization直接标准化法direct sampling直接取样disability-adjusted life year残疾因素校正寿命disassociated attributes分解属性discontinuous frequency distribution distribution不连续频率分布discontinuous frequency function不连续频率函数discordant sample不和谐样本discrete process离散过程discrete random variable离散随机变量discrete series间断数列discriminatory analysis差别分析dispersion matrix离散矩disproportionate sub-class numbers 不成比例分小组含量dissimilarity index (pl. indices)不相似指数distributed lag已分摊差滞,分配迟延distribution curvecumulative frequency curve分布曲线,分配销售曲线distribution functionfunction分布函数,分配函数distribution of incomes收入分配distribution of the pairs对偶分布distribution-free confidence interval 非参数置信区间distribution-free method自由分布法,非参数法distribution-free test非参数检验disturbed harmonic process被扰动的调和过程divorce rate离婚率dot chart点表dot map点图double attrition table复式损耗表double confounding重复混杂double counting重复计算double logarithmic chart loglog graph双对数变换double sampling双重抽样double-stage sampling 双级抽样downcross下降交叉,向下交叉downward bias偏低,向下偏倚downward trend下降趋势,趋跌draw (v.) a list开列清单,编制清单drawing of a sample sample drawing抽样dummy observation虚拟观测值dummy variable虚拟变量,虚变数duplicate sample副样,备份样品duplicated sample复制样品dwelling unit住宅单位economically active populationpopulation经济活动人口,参加经济活动的人口economically active population in agriculture 参加农业经济活动的人口editing (of statistical data)编制(统计数据)educational status教育程度,文化程度effective range有效范围effectiveness indexindex有效性指数effectiveness of migration streams迁移流量有效性efficiency factor效率因素efficiency (of estimator)(估算员)效率efficient estimate估定效率elementary unit基本人口employed population就业人口end correction端面校正,边界效应校正enumeration计数enumeration area普查区,调查区enumeration unit计数单位enumerator调查员,普查员equally likely events 等可能事件equal-tails test等尾检验equiprobable (adj.) 等概率的ergodic process遍历性过程ergodicity遍历性erratic curve无规律曲线,不规则曲线error band误差带error function误差函数error in equations方程组误差error in surveys调查误差,普查误差error mean square均方误差error of estimate估计误差error of first kind第一类误差error of grouping分组误差error of observation观测误差error of second kind第二类误差error sum of squares 误差平方和error variance误差变数estimate估计数,估计值estimating估计estimator估计者,估计员,估计数European currency unit 欧洲货币单位event space事件空间evolutionary process渐近过程expansion factor膨胀系数,膨胀率expectation of life平均寿命,概率寿命,预期寿命expectation of life at birth希望寿命expectation of working life预期工作寿命expected (adj.)预期的expected deviation期望离差expected frequency期望频率expected loss预期损失expected probit期望概率单位expected risk预期风险expected value期望值,预期价值expected value of the deviation 期望偏差值experimental design实验设计experimental plot实验田,试验田块,实验小区explanatory variable解释变量,说明变数explosive process爆发性过程exponential curve指数曲线exponential distribution指数分布exponential growth指数增长export price index (pl. indices)出口价格指数extended family人口增加的家庭extract (v.)提取extremal quotient极值系数extreme mean极均值extreme value distribution极值分布factor analysis要素分析,因素分析法factor loading因素载荷factor matrix因素矩阵factor pattern要素结构,要素图式factor reversal test因子互换检验,物价指数的要素倒转测定factorial arrangement因子排列factorial cumulant generating function因子累积量生成函数factorial design析因设计factorial experiment析因实验factorial experiment with partial confounding 部分混杂析因实验factorial moment阶乘矩factorial moment generating function阶乘矩生成函数failure rate失效率,故障率false stillbirth假死产family form家庭情况,生育史family size家庭规模,家庭人数FAO estimate粮农组织估计数farm census农场调查farmer <occupational class>农民fatality rate致死率F-distributionF分布female女性female reproduction rate 女性再生产率fertility rate生育率fiducial limit置信界限fiducial probability置信概率field enumeration现场计数field survey现场调查,实地调查field trial现场试验,农田试验field work quality check 实地工作质量检查final data最终数据final rate最终率finite multiplier有限乘数finite population有限总体finite population correctionsampling correction有限总体修正first limit theorem第一极限定理first marriage probability初婚概率first marriage rate初婚率first migration probability第一迁移概率first moment about the true origin真原点一次矩fishery statistics渔业统计fitting of law chosen to the observations 观测规律调整five-points assay五点分析,五点检验five-year average五年平均数fixed sample固定样本fixed variate固定变量,不变变量fixed(-)base index (pl. indices)定基指数fixed-weight index (pl. indices)固定加权指数flow chart流动图表,流程图focus (pl. foci)焦点foetal mortality ratemortality in utero死产率,胎儿死亡率follow-up追查制度,进度检查food balance sheet食品平衡表food consumption projections食品消费预测food consumption statistics粮食消费统计food consumption survey粮食消费调查food production index (pl. indices) 粮食生产指数food record粮食问卷调查food supply statistics粮食供应统计food survey by interview粮食访谈调查food year粮食年forecasting预报foreign trade returns外贸统计forest survey森林普查forestry statistics林业统计form <census>表格(普查)fourfold table四格表fractile of order alpha (分位点fraction defective废品率fractional factorial design 部分析因设计fractional replication部分复制frame构架free on board船上交货,离岸价格freehand curve手绘曲线freehand method任意(检查)法frequency array频率排列frequency distribution频率分配,频率分布frequency polygon频率多边形frequency theory of probability频率概率论F-test方差比检验fundamental probability set基本概率集fundamental random process基本随机过程fundamental set of frequencies基本频率集Galton ogive高尔顿分布曲线,高尔顿累积频率曲线games theory博弈论,对策论gamma distribution(分布general fertility rate总生育率,一般生育率generalized equation of multiple regression 一般多重回归方程generalized form of the polynomial一般多项式形式generalized formula for averages广义均值公式generating function生成函数,生产函数generation replacement世代更替geometric mean几何平均数geometric range几何间距georeferenced data地质参照数据geostatistical transitive theory 地质统计传递论geostatistics地质统计学global index numbers总体指数good fit准确拟合,正确拟合goodness of fit拟合优度grade分级grade correlation等级相关graduation刻度graeco-latin square希腊拉丁正方graeco-latin square design希腊拉丁正方设计grafted sample拼接样本grand total合计,总计graphic graduation (of a curve)图解(曲线)修匀graticule system地理坐标系统grid坐标grid sampling格子抽样grid system格子系统gross catch statistics捕捞总量统计gross correlation总相关gross reproduction rate 总繁殖率group factor群体因子group index (pl. indices) 综合指数,总和指数group lattice分组格grouped samples分组样本grouping interval分组组段,组距growth curve增长曲线growth potential增长潜力half-open interval半开区间half-replicate design半重复设计half-unit deviation半单位偏差half-width半宽度,半值宽度haphazard procedure任意程序hard data硬数据harmonic analysis调和分析harmonic dial谐波标度盘harmonic mean调和平均数Harmonized commodity de script ion and coding system 协调的商品说明和编码系统head of household家长health index健康指数,保健指数health service statistics保健服务统计health statistics卫生统计height and weight chart身高和体重图heterograde (adj.)异级的heterokurtic (adj.)异峰值的heteroscedastic (adj.)异方差的heteroscedasticity异方差性hidden periodicity暗隐周期性high contact高层接触high-low graphmaximum chart高低图,级差柱状图high-low mid points method高低中点法hired manager <occupational class> 聘用经理histogram矩形统计图,直方图holder <occupational class>占有人,持有人holding area土地占有面积,耕作面积homograde (adj.)同级的homokurtic (adj.)同峰值的homoscedasctic (adj.)同方差的homoscedasticity同方差性horizontal bar graph横条图household住户household expenditures住户支出household schedule住户卡片household size户量,家庭规模household survey家庭调查housing census住房普查housing unit住房单位hypergeometric distribution超几何分布hypothetical cohort假定队列hypothetical distribution假定分布hypothetical distribution function 假定分布函数ideal index number理想指数。

人教版地理八年级下册《附录一:本书主要地理词汇中英文对照表》_20

人教版地理八年级下册《附录一:本书主要地理词汇中英文对照表》_20

第八章西北地区第一节自然特征与农业教学目标1.知识与技能(1)了解西北地区的位置、范围以及自然特征。

(2)了解西北地区干旱的表现、成因及变化规律。

(3)认识本区干旱环境下的农牧业生产和生活特色。

2.过程与方法:读图确定范围、概括位置特点,分析归纳本区的自然地理特征。

初步认识地理环境中各要素之间相互依存、相互制约的对立统一关系。

3.情感态度与价值观:树立人地和谐相处和可持续发展的观念。

一、草原和荒漠自学指导1、试结合地图说出西北地区的位置和范围。

(自学、合作)2、西北地区的地形以高原、盆地为主,主要有______高原、______盆地和______盆地等,西部地区高原、盆地相间分布。

内流区域面积广大,河流稀少,含沙量大,多为______性河流,______是全国最大的内流河。

额尔齐斯河向北流入______洋。

(自学)3、试从西北地区温度带、干湿区、降水分布规律和自然景观的变化趋势等角度描述西北地区的气候类型及其特征,归结干旱的自然特征的形成原因。

(自学并合作)4、西北地区农业发展的有利条件和不利条件各是什么?(自学)1、试结合地图说出西北地区的位置和范围。

(自学、合作)西北地区位于我国第______级阶梯,大体位于大兴安岭以西、长城和_________阿尔金山以北。

深入______大陆内部,邻国众多,主要有______、蒙古、____________、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、巴基斯坦等。

范围主要包括_____________自治区、______自治区、宁夏回族自治区和______省西北部。

答案:昆仑山亚欧俄罗斯哈萨克斯坦新疆维吾尔西藏甘肃合作方法指导:两两结合,读图分析西北地区在全国的位置1、位置和范围描述位置:西北地区主要位于我国地势的第二级阶梯,大体位于大兴安岭以西,长城、昆仑山-阿尔金山以北。

主要包括新疆、内蒙古和宁夏及甘肃的北部。

面积约占全国30%,人口约占全国4%。

即时训练11.新疆维吾尔自治区位于我国的()区域A.南方地区B.北方地区C.西北地区D.青藏地区2.下列国家不与我国西北地区相邻的是()A.印度B.蒙古C.俄罗斯D.巴基斯坦3.(2018洛阳模拟)凤凰传奇组合的女歌手玲花是蒙古族歌手,她的故乡在我国的()地区A.南方地区B.北方地区C.西北地区D.青藏地区答案:C C C2、西北地区的地形以高原、盆地为主,主要有_________高原、_________盆地和_________盆地等,西部地区高原、盆地相间分布。

基于物元分析法的区域水资源安全评价

基于物元分析法的区域水资源安全评价
第1 2卷 第5期 2 0 1 4年1 0月
南 水 北 调 与 水 利 科 技 o u t h o o r t h W a t e r T r a n s f e r s a n d W a t e r S c i e n c e &T e c h n o l o S t - -N g y
要思想是将任一事 物 均 用 “ 事 物、 特 征、 量 值” 三个要素来描 述, 并组成有序三 元 组 的 基 本 元 , 并分析研究这些物元及其 变化规律 。
1. 1 确定 待 评价 物元
水资源 安 全 N 、 水资源安全特征 C 和特征量值 X 共同 组成水资源安全 物 元 。 假 设 水 资 源 安 全 N 有 多 个 特 征 , 并 …, 以 n 个特征相应的量值C1 , C C X2 , 2, n 和相应的量值 X1 , …, 则水资源安全物元可以表示为 Xn 来描述 ,
2 水资源安全评价指标体系的构建及评价经 典域的确定
2. 1 水 资源 安 全 评价指标 体 系的构 建
水资源安全包括水资源社会安全 、 水资源经济安全和水 因 此, 水资源安全的度量指标体 资源生态安全等几 个 层 面 , 系, 也应该包括反 映 长 远 的 水 资 源 社 会 安 全 、 水资源经济安
1. 2 经 典 域 与 节 域 物元
水资源安全的经典域物元 R j 可表示为
N C X1 N C ( a1 , b 1) j 烄 j 1 j 烌 烄 j 1 j 烌
= R N C, X j( j, j)
C X 2 2 j =
C 2
( a b 2, 2) j j
( C Xj C a b n n烎 烆 n n, n) j j 烆 烎 …, 为 所 划 分 水 资 源 安 全 的j 个 评 审 状 式中 : 2, Nj( m) j=1, …, 况等级 ; 区间 X 为评价指 标; 为 2, C i =1, n) a b i( i=[ i, i] j j j 对应评价等级j 的量值范围 — 经典域 。 水资源安全的节域物元 R p 可表示为
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