初中英语五种基本句型

6. They work hard.
(S+ V. )
7. The flower is dead.
( S+ V +P).
8. Plants need water. (来自百度文库S+ V +O. ) 9. He gave me some seeds. (S+V+INO+D) O. 10. We should keep the plants in the shade.
一、分析下列句子分别属于哪种基本句型
1. The train is coming.
( S+ V. )
2. We all like English.
( S+ V +O. )
3. Danny looks happy.
( S+ V +P. )
4. Mom gave me a present. (S+V+INO+D) O 5. The story makes me laugh.. (S+V+O+C )
→-→此句型的基本特点：谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才 能表达完整的意思，一个为直接宾语，是动作的直接承 受者，一般由表“物”的名词充当；另一个为间接宾语 ，是动作的间接承受者，一般由指“人”的名词或代词 充当。
直接宾语和间接宾语并成为双宾语。常接双宾语的动词 有：buy, pass, lend, give, tell, teach, show, bring, send等。
4. 表语（predicative）：表语用以说明主语的身份 、特征和状态，它一般位于系动词（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语 一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定 式、动名词、介词短语、副词构成。
The weather has turned c_o_l_d_.
→-→此句型的共同特点：句子谓语动词都具有实意 ，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟一个宾语，句意 才完整，宾语为谓语动作的承受者。句子的谓语动 词为及物动词，可直接接宾语。
3.基本句型三： 主语（subject ）+系动词（link verb ）+表语（predicative）（ S + V + P ） (1)Everything looks different. (2)The girl looks beautiful. (3)The trees turn green. (4)My brother is a doctor. (5)The weather became warmer. (6)The book is interesting.
→-→此句型的共同特点：句子的谓语动词不能表达完 整的意思，必须加一个表明主语状态，特征和身份的表 语。此句型主要用来表明主语的状态，特征和身份。句 子的谓语动词为系动词。
系动词可以分为以下几类：
1. be动词 2.感官动词: look, feel, smell, taste, sound 3.表变化: go, get, turn, become, grow 4.表状态: stay, keep, remain, appear, seem
His job is to__te_a_c_h__E_n_g_lis_h_.
The class is _o_ve_r_.
5.宾语补足语（object complement）：英语中有些 及物动词，除有一个直接宾语以外，还要有一个 宾语补足语，才能使句子的意思完整。带有宾语 补足语的句型一般为：某些及物动词（如make等 ）+宾语+宾补。宾语补足语可由名词、形容词 、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语构成。
及物动词 ----后面可以直接跟宾语如see/hear等 I saw him last night. I heard nothing.
不及物动词---本身意思完整，不需要加宾语的动词 如smile/laugh等 She smiled happily. They laugh loudly.
1. He p_r_a_ct_ic_es running every morning. 2.I h_a_v_e_c_au_g_h_t_a bad cold.
They painted their boat white.
We saw her entering the room.
1.基本句型一： 主语（subject ）+谓语（verb） (1)The moon rose.
(2)They talked for half an hour.
(3)The plane has arrived.
( S+ V.+O) 11. Many animals live in trees.
( S+ V. ) 12. The workers are working hard. ( S+ V. )
初中---五种基本句型
（一）五种基本句型的句子成分：
句子成分的定义：构成句子的各个部分叫做句 子成分。句子成分包括主要成分和次要成分； 主要成分有主语和谓语；次要成分有表语、宾 语、定语、状语、补足语等。
1. 主语（subject）：句子所说的是“什么人 ”或“什么事物”，也就是动作的发出者， 一般由名词，代词或具有名词或代词性质 的词
5.基本句型五：主语（subject）＋动词（verb）＋宾语 （object）＋补语（complement）S+V+O+C.
(1)We should keep the room clean and tidy.
(2)We made him our monitor.
(3)His father told him not to play in the street.
3. 宾语（object）：宾语在句中表示动作的对象 或承受者，一般位于及物动词或介词后面。
They went to see a_f_il_m_yesterday.
She often helps h_e_r _m_o_ther with their housework.
I enjoy listening to popular_m_u_s_ic_.
4.基本句型四：. 主语（subject）＋谓语（verb）＋间 接宾语（indirect object）＋直接宾语(direct object)
S+V+INO+DO.
(1)He showed me the picture.
(2)She passed her a new dress.
(3)Andy gave me an apple.
→-→此句型的基本特点：动词是及物动词，后只接一个 宾语不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足 宾语，才能使意思完整。这个句型中“宾语+补语”的结 构统称为复合宾语。
宾语补足语的作用是：1.补充说明宾语的特点，身份等 ；2. 表示让宾语去完成的动作
充当补语的常常是：名词，形容词，副词，介词短语， 分词，动词不定式。
(4)The pen writes smoothly.
(5)I can swim.
(6)Everything changes. →-→此句型的共同特点：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整 的意思。谓语动词大多是不及物动词，动词后不可直接 加宾语，可跟副词，介词短语和状语从句。时态不影响 句子的结构。
2.基本句型二： 主语（subject ）+谓语（verb）+ 宾语（object）（ S + V + O ） (1)Li Lei always helps me when I am in trouble. (2)He knows the answer. (3)I understand English. (4)They are reading books. (5)He has read this book many times. (6)I want to talk with you.
—We often speak English in class. —S—mo—ki—ng does harm to the health.
The rich should help the poor.
———
2. 谓语（verb）：谓语可用来说明主语所做的动作 或具有的特征和状态。动词常在句中作谓语，一般 放在主语之后。分及物动词和不及物动词两种。