新视野研究生英语读说写2_课文加翻译
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第二册课文翻译(全册)
新视野大学英语第三版第二册读写课文翻译Unit 1 Text A一堂难忘的英语课1 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长,那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言,我是一个乏味的怪物:一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲,一个还沉湎于语法规则的人,对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时,才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待问她:“欧洲之行如何?”3 她点了三四下头,绞尽脑汁,苦苦寻找恰当的词语,然后惊呼:“真是,哇!”4 没了。
所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中!我的学生以“哇!”来表示她的惊叹,我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。
5 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题,有许多不同的故事。
学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're之间的不同,或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。
由于这些知识缺陷,他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责,因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。
6 学生并不笨,他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。
举例来说,杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary(静止处),虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery(文具用品)并没有被钉在那儿。
朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。
实际上,他们应该说They've just eaten。
因此,批评学生不合乎情理。
7 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。
学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。
可相反,学校只教零星的语法,高级词汇更是少之又少。
还有就是,学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识,因为他们过去也没接触过。
学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通,可他们并没把语言的基本框架——准确的语法和恰当的词汇——充分地传授给学生。
8 因为语法对大多数年轻学生而言枯燥且乏味,所以我觉得讲授语法得一步一步、注重技巧地进行。
新视野研究生英语读说写2课文翻译
新视野研究生英语读说写2课文翻译新视野研究生英语读说写2英语原文加翻译及课后答案Unit3 濒危物种vs.人类需求Martha Grace Low1、The most famous endangered species on earth were the dinosaurs. They died out in one of five "great extinctions "that have occured in the millions of years since life began on this planet ----periods in which, for natural causes ,a large percentage of the specices that ecisted simply disappeared .We are now in the middle of a six great extinction ,but this one has been caused by human activity. Consequently ,the importance of preserving species is a popular topic today ,particurlarly in the industrialized world .地球上最著名的濒危动物是恐龙。
自从地球上有生命以来，发生过5次“大灭绝”，每次都是由于自然的原因使得曾经存在的很多物种消失。
恐龙就在几百万年中5次“大灭绝”中的其中一次灭绝。
现在我们正处在第六次“大灭绝”的中期，但这次人类活动造成的。
因此，物种保护的重要性成了当今的热门话题，尤其是在当今工业化世界。
2、But no discussion of endangered species is complete without an examination of the reasons behind its causes,which are human needs.In Africa ,where the world's population is growing the fastest are shringking as people clear lands for homes and farms and cut wood for fuel.Herds of goats and sheep eat the vegetation,leaving the bare soil to be carried away by wind and water .Human kill wildlife to protect their crops ,and may also kill them for the illegal trade in ivory ,rhinoceros horns ,furs .In Latin America and Southeast Asia ,rainforests are cleared for farmlands and for fuel and timber .The loss of theforest endangers many species of plants and destroys many animals'habitats.or natural homes .And in the oceans ,fish supplies have been greatly reduced by overfishing and by pollutin.但是，如果不考察导致物种濒危背后的原因而去讨论物种灭绝是不全面的。
新视野英语读写教程(二)译文Unit 1-5
Text A第一家麦当劳餐馆虽说第一家麦当劳餐馆只售汉堡包和薯条，它还是成为了一种文化象征。
如今，在加州南部唐尼市，人们正努力保住历史上第一家麦当劳餐馆。
然而，麦当劳却称这幢房子应该拆掉。
坐落于加州唐尼的这家餐馆建于1953年，是美国所有带双拱形金色标志的建筑中历史最久的，它的设计也是麦当劳最早的建筑设计。
许多人对那家老餐馆有着美好的回忆。
这些人想到餐馆连同他们美好的回忆一起将被摧毁，感到很气愤。
麦当劳方面解释说，那家老店在一次地震中遭到损坏，因此必须拆掉。
不过，唐尼的许多人却不同意这种说法。
有位女士说：“我认为这件事太可怕了。
他们在利用那次地震作借口。
这是一个极大的谎言。
”另一位唐尼市居民说：“我非常难过。
他们一点也不尊重公众的意见，甚至都没试着这样做。
他们可以稍加修理，使它再成为一家好餐馆。
”麦当劳的经理们说餐馆设在那个位置一直在亏本。
那儿没有地方可以开辟“免下车外卖窗口”，里面也没有地方安排座位。
他们说，那次地震后这个餐馆就没办法修了。
不过那些经理们想在其他位置按原餐馆再仿造一家。
但是房屋检修人员说该建筑是可以修理的，不过费用很高。
许多人说这个费用麦当劳当然承受得起。
有人认为麦当劳想关闭这家餐馆的真正原因与金钱无关。
现代的麦当劳餐馆常常有一个牌子，声称有个叫雷·克罗克的男人于1955年在伊利诺伊州创办了首家麦当劳餐馆。
然而事实是，克罗克先生的快餐生意实际上是从唐尼市的迪克·麦当劳和麦克·麦当劳那里学来的。
后来克罗克先生买下了他们的餐馆。
因此，尽管公司竭力否认，唐尼镇的许多人还是认为麦当劳是想篡改历史。
在当地的历史学家看来，这种解释颇有道理。
有位历史学家说：“历史不容篡改。
雷·克罗克没有创建麦当劳。
创建麦当劳的是麦氏兄弟。
”这些天来，一群历史学家希望将该处建筑列入国家历史文物保护单位名册，这样，唐尼镇就能使麦当劳免遭拆除。
麦当劳的经理们非常恼火，因而将房屋弃置一旁。
新视野大学英语读写教程2课后翻译(带答案)
Unit 11、她连水都不愿喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。
She wouldn't take a drink, much less could she stay for dinner.2、他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。
He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth.3、这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week?4、他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。
The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5、这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。
Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.6、我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量的时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。
We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on.更不用说写英语文章了much less can he write English articles更不用说管理一家大公司了.much less can he manage a big company更不用说把它搬到楼上去了.much less could he carry it upstairs更不用说跟他谈话了.much less have I spoken to him更不用说大量阅读自己学科以外的东西much less to read a lot outside of it Unit 2Unit21、尽管她是家里的独生女，她父母也从不溺爱她。
新视野大学英语读写教程2Unit1课文翻译
新视野大学英语读写教程2Section A一堂难忘的英语课1如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待，问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！4没了。
所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。
5关于正确使用英语的能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。
学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're之间的不同，或区别complimentary跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。
由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。
6学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。
举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery（文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。
朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。
实际上，他们应该说They've just eateno因此，批评学生不合乎情理。
7对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。
学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。
可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。
还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。
学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架一一准确的语法和恰当的词汇一一充分地传授给学生。
8因为语法对大多数年轻学生而言枯燥且乏味，所以我觉得讲授语法得一步一步、注重技巧地进行。
新视野大学英语读写教程2 Unit1 课文翻译
新视野大学英语读写教程2Section A一堂难忘的英语课1 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待，问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3 她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！4 没了。
所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。
5 关于正确使用英语的能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。
学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their / there / they’re 之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。
由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。
6 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。
举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery (文具用品) 并没有被钉在那儿。
朋友和亲人常宣称They’ve just ate。
实际上，他们应该说They’ve just eaten。
因此，批评学生不合乎情理。
7 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。
学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。
可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。
还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。
学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架——准确的语法和恰当的词汇——充分地传授给学生。
8 因为语法对大多数年轻学生而言枯燥且乏味，所以我觉得讲授语法得一步一步、注重技巧地进行。
新视野大学英语(第三版)读写教程第二册课文翻译(全)
新视野大学英语第二册读写教程课文翻译Unit 1 Text A An impressive Engli lsesson标题: 一堂难忘的英语课1. 如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
2. 我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”3. 她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”4. 没了。
所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。
5. 关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。
学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they're 之间的不同，或区别complimentary 跟complementary 之间显而易见的差异。
由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。
6. 学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。
举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery（文具用品）并没有被钉在那儿。
朋友和亲人常宣称They've just ate。
实际上，他们应该说They've just eaten。
因此，批评学生不合乎清理。
7. 对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。
学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。
可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。
还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。
学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架一一准确的语法和恰当的词汇一一充分地传授给学生。
新视野研究生英语读说写2所有单元课文翻译三亿文库
新视野研究生英语读说写2所有单元课文翻译三亿文库how important are they to us? And tiny populations of tropical plants – the world is covered with vegetation, so what difference does it make, how many kinds there are? 但是，那又怎样呢？无论如何，地球上大多数动物物种都是昆虫和小虫，它们对我们到底有多重要呢？热带植物只占很小一部分----世界上到处都覆盖着植被，至于有多少种又有什么有关系呢？Many people‘s answer is that every life-form has a right to exist, and that no other reason is needed for preserving it. A more common reason is the beauty of many species. Certain species also provide humans with economic value. But scientists identify two additional reasons which may not be obvious to most of us. 许多人回答是：每个生物都有生存的权利，因而保护它们不需要其它任何理由。
而是一个更加普遍的理由是物种多化可使地球更加美丽。
况且某些物种对人类还有经济价值。
然而科学家却给出了另外两个我们大多数人可能都没有意识到的理由。
One of these reasons is that each life-form occupies a special place within its ecosystem – that is, its community of plant and animal life, in combination with the nonliving components of its environment such as the climate, soil, water, and air. For instance, within a forest the larger trees drop off little twigs and debris, making a layer that holds water in the soil for other plants to use. The roots hold the soil and prevent it from washing away in rainstorms. Whether living or dead, the tree provides shelter for animals and birds and food for insects. As the dead tree rots away, it enriches the soil of the forest floor, enabling other plants to spring up in its place. Such large trees are an example of what we call keystone species; if they disappeared from their ecosystem,the consequences would be felt throughout the community of ot her species living in the forest. ―The loss of a keystone species is like a drill accidentally striking a powerline,‖ says biologist Edwar。
新视野研究生英语读说写2_课文翻译和课后答案
新视野研究生英语读说写2英语原文加翻译1 大学课堂：还有人在听吗？A former teacher of mine, Robert A. Fowkes of New York University,likes to tell the story of a class he took in Old Welsh while studyingin Germany during the 1930s. On the first day the professor strode up tothe podium shuffled his notes, coughed, and began, ― Guten Tag, MeineDamen und Herren‖(―Good day, ladies and gentlemen‖). Fowkesglanced around uneasily. He was the only student in the course. 纽约大学的Robert A Fowkes是我过去的一位老师。
他喜欢讲在上世纪30年代他在德国上.古威尔士语课的故事。
第一天上课.教授大步走上讲台.翻了翻笔记.咳嗽了一声.开始说道：“早上好.女士们、先生们。
”Fowkes不安地扫视一番。
他是上这门课的唯一学生。
Toward the middle of the semester, Fowkes fell ill and missed a class.When he returned, the professor nodded vaguely and, to Fowkes’s astonishment, began to deliver not the next lecture in the sequence butthe one after. Had he, in fact, lectured to an empty hall in the absenceof his solitary student? Fowkes thought it perfectly possible.在学期中间.Fowkes 因病缺了一次课。
新视野第二版读写2课文及翻译.doc
Unit 1 Time-Conscious Americans Americans believe no one stands still. If you are not moving ahead, you are falling behind. This attitude results results in in in a a a nation nation nation of of of people people people committed committed committed to to to researching, researching, researching, experimenting experimenting experimenting and and and exploring. exploring. exploring. Time Time Time is is is one one one of of of the the the two two elements that Americans save carefully, the other being labor. "We are slaves to nothing but the clock," it has been said. Time is treated as if it were something almost real. We budget it, save it, waste it, steal it, kill it, cut it, account for it; we also charge for it. It is a precious resource Many Many people people people have have have a a a rather rather rather acute acute acute sense sense sense of of of the the the shortness shortness shortness of of of each each each lifetime. lifetime. lifetime. Once Once Once the the the sands sands sands have have have run run run out out out of of of a a person's hourglass, they cannot be replaced. We want every minute to count. A foreigner's first impression of the US is likely to be that everyone is in a rush —often under pressure. City people people always always always appear appear appear to to to be be be hurrying hurrying hurrying to to to get get get where where where they they they are are are going, going, going, restlessly restlessly restlessly seeking seeking seeking attention attention attention in in in a a a store, store, store, or or elbowing others as they try to complete their shopping. Racing through daytime meals is part of the pace of life in this country. Working time is considered precious. Others in public eating-places are waiting for you to finish so they, too, can be served and get back to work within the time allowed. You also find drivers will be abrupt and people will push past you. You will miss smiles, brief conversations, and small exchanges with strangers. Don't take it personally. This is because people value time highly, and they resent someone else "wasting" it beyond a certain appropriate point. Many new arrivals in the States will miss the opening exchanges of a business call, for example. They will miss the ritual interaction that goes with a welcoming cup of tea or coffee that may be a convention in their own country. country. They They They may may may miss miss miss leisurely leisurely leisurely business business business chats chats chats in in in a a restaurant restaurant or or or coffee coffee coffee house. Normally, house. Normally, Americans Americans do do do not not assess their visitors in such relaxed surroundings over extended small talk; much less do they take them out for dinner, or around on the golf course while they develop a sense of trust. Since we generally assess and probe professionally rather than socially, we start talking business very quickly. Time is, therefore, always ticking in our inner ear. Consequently, we work hard at the task of saving time. We produce a steady flow of labor-saving devices; we we communicate communicate communicate rapidly rapidly rapidly through through through faxes, faxes, faxes, phone phone phone calls calls calls or or or emails emails emails rather rather rather than than than through through through personal personal personal contacts, contacts, contacts, which which though though pleasant, pleasant, pleasant, take take take longer longer longer——especially especially given given given our our our traffic-filled traffic-filled traffic-filled streets. streets. streets. We, We, therefore, therefore, save save save most most most personal personal visiting for after-work hours or for social weekend gatherings. To us the impersonality of electronic communication has little or no relation to the significance of the matter at at hand. hand. hand. In In In some some some countries countries countries no no no major major major business business business is is is conducted conducted without without eye eye eye contact, contact, requiring face-to-face conversation. In America, too, a final agreement will normally be signed in person. However, people are meeting increasingly on television screens, conducting "teleconferences" to settle problems not only in this country but also also——by satellite—internationally. The US is definitely a telephone country. Almost everyone uses the telephone to conduct business, to chat with with friends, friends, friends, to to to make make make or or or break break break social social social appointments, appointments, appointments, to to to say say say "Thank "Thank "Thank you", you", you", to to to shop shop shop and and and to to to obtain obtain obtain all all all kinds kinds kinds of of information. information. Telephones Telephones Telephones save save save the the the feet feet feet and and and endless endless endless amounts amounts amounts of of of time. time. time. This This This is is is due due due partly partly partly to to to the the the fact fact fact that that that the the telephone service is superb here, whereas the postal service is less efficient. Some new arrivals will come from cultures where it is considered impolite to work too quickly. Unless a certain certain amount amount amount of of of time time time is is is allowed allowed allowed to to to elapse, elapse, elapse, it it it seems seems seems in in in their their their eyes eyes eyes as as as if if if the the the task task task being being being considered considered considered were were insignificant, not worthy of proper respect. Assignments are, consequently, given added weight by the passage of time. In the US, however, it is taken as a sign of skillfulness or being competent to solve a problem, or fulfill a job successfully, with speed. Usually, the more important a task is, the more capital, energy, and attention will be poured into it in order to "get it moving". 美国人认为没有人能停止不前。
新视野大学英语【第三版】读写教程第二册课文翻译
Unit 1Text A An impressive English lesson一堂难忘的英语课如果我是唯一一个还在纠正小孩英语的家长，那么我儿子也许是对的。
对他而言，我是一个乏味的怪物：一个他不得不听其教诲的父亲，一个还沉湎于语法规则的人，对此我儿子似乎颇为反感。
我觉得我是在最近偶遇我以前的一位学生时，才开始对这个问题认真起来的。
这个学生刚从欧洲旅游回来。
我满怀着诚挚期待问她：“欧洲之行如何？”她点了三四下头，绞尽脑汁，苦苦寻找恰当的词语，然后惊呼：“真是，哇！”没了。
所有希腊文明和罗马建筑的辉煌居然囊括于一个浓缩的、不完整的语句之中！我的学生以“哇！”来表示她的惊叹，我只能以摇头表达比之更强烈的忧虑。
关于正确使用英语能力下降的问题，有许多不同的故事。
学生的确本应该能够区分诸如their/there/they’re之间的不同，或区别complimentary跟complementary之间显而易见的差异。
由于这些知识缺陷，他们承受着大部分不该承受的批评和指责，因为舆论认为他们应该学得更好。
学生并不笨，他们只是被周围所看到和听到的语言误导了。
举例来说，杂货店的指示牌会把他们引向stationary（静止处），虽然便笺本、相册、和笔记本等真正的stationery (文具用品) 并没有被钉在那儿。
朋友和亲人常宣称They’ve just ate。
实际上，他们应该说They’ve just eaten。
因此，批评学生不合乎情理。
对这种缺乏语言功底而引起的负面指责应归咎于我们的学校。
学校应对英语熟练程度制定出更高的标准。
可相反，学校只教零星的语法，高级词汇更是少之又少。
还有就是，学校的年轻教师显然缺乏这些重要的语言结构方面的知识，因为他们过去也没接触过。
学校有责任教会年轻人进行有效的语言沟通，可他们并没把语言的基本框架——准确的语法和恰当的词汇——充分地传授给学生。
因为语法对大多数年轻学生而言枯燥且乏味，所以我觉得讲授语法得一步一步、注重技巧地进行。
新视野英语教程（读写教程第二版）第二册课文翻译
这些天来，一群历史学家希望将该处建
be able to stop McDon ald's from teari ng the 筑列入国家历史文物保护单位名册，这样， building down . The McDon ald's manag ers are 唐尼镇就能使麦当劳免遭拆除。麦当劳的经
lie."
Another Downey resident remarks, "I am so 另一位唐尼市居民说：“我非常难过。他
upset. They don't respect the publi c at all. They 们一点也不尊重公众的意见，甚至都没试着
haven't even tried . They could do some small 这样做。他们可以稍加修理，使它再成为一
very angry, and have abandoned the structure. 理们非常恼火，因而将房屋 弃置一旁。
Everyone hopes that the McDon ald's
managers and the peopl e of Downe y will soon
in history.McDonald's, though, says the
building shoul d be torn down.
Built in 1953, the resta urant in Downe y, 坐落于加州唐尼的这家 餐馆建于 1 953 年，
California, is the oldes t of all the Golde n Arches 是美国所有带双拱形金色标志的建筑中历史
新视野研究生英语读说写2_课文加翻译
AmbitionThe famous American writer Joseph Epstein once said:We decide what is important and what is trivial in life.We decide that what we refuse to do.As we decide and choose,forming ourdestiny is what ambition is about.In fact,there is a heated discussion recently on the issue of ambition.And different people hold different ideas.For my part,ambition is very in the formation of our destiny.In this aspect,I totally agree with him.To star with,ambition can decide what on will become in the future,and thus can offer inspiration to human beings.I still vividly remember when I was very young,my parents asked me a question,that is,what I‟d like to be in the future.My choice was a teacher and that is my ambition for then and ever.Since then,my ambition has helped me a lot and inspired me to study hard and read a lot.Secondly,what is our ambition also weighs your future.If you want to be a useful person in the society,such as a teacher,a lawyer or a doctor,that‟s good.But if you decide to controll all the people and imagine that you will be the ruler who dominates the whole world,that would be terrible.Lastly but most importantly,a person should never become great If he or she never takes an action.In that casehe or she is no more than a day-dreamer.Therefore,the biggest confine to ambition is the capacity for substantial action of the person who bears that ambition,as well as his or her will power to realize it.Without actually “doing”things,we can neverbecome inslaved to an ambitious heart.In conclusion,ambition is important in inspiring us to become a useful person in our society.In my opinion,being an university student in the 21st century,we should have our own ambition and then devote our knowledge and energy to our motherland.How to be a good bossIf we want to be a good boss, Theetiquettes should be possessed by a goodbossBe flexible in attitude. You will haveto work in the style of your director. Youmust have a cheerful, positive, andconfident attitude to handle your workand relationships. People dislike dealingwith those who are angry and unhappy.And what‟s important, you must alsoneed to have a good all-round knowledgeof the business you are working for.Be polite and should have a standardethics. Without a code of ethics, life atwork would turn into a free-for-all. As aboss, you should avoid gossiping about acoworker‟s romance, discussing companyaffairs, leaving confidentialcorrespondence face up on your desk,and throwing away carbon copies andphotocopies without shredding them.Be very skillful. As a boss, there are alot of duties should be done, so he or shepossess a lot of skills, such as thefollowing, he or she should have a goodcommand of office skills and be proficientin office software such as MicrosoftOutlook, Microsoft word, Microsoft exceland etc. ever-evolving softwareapplications require that secretaries beefficient, skillful and open to change. Andeffective business writing skills areessential for assistants who use e-mailthroughout their workday.Be neatness. Because it is easy forsomeone to associate an office in disorderwith carelessness in work. People like todeal with others who appear to be orderly,careful and particular in managingthemselves, their duties, and theirworking environment. When you have abusiness negotiation, your firstimpression is very important for yourclients. They will arrvial the deal in ashort time with your company. And more,the way you look—cleanliness, neatness,style of dress and so on, can make animmediate impression on others.My understanding about recyclingChina is a country with a hugepopulation and comparativelyinsufficient natural resources. What‟sworse, now, the phenomenon of wastingis very serious. Recently, the trend ofenvironment‟s partial improvement butoverall worsening has not beeneffectively constrained. As a universitystudent,I frequently think of thesubject of how to efficiently useresources and how to protect ourenvironment.for recycling.For instance, citizens‟consciousness of environmentalprotection should be fostered fromchildhood. Bearing this thought inmind, we went to some elementaryschools to publicize environmentalprotection knowledge.To protect the precious forests, wecould take our own tableware with usand reduce the dependence onsingle-use tableware; we‟d better usecharging batteries which are not onlyeconomical but also environmentalprotective; when shopping, we can usecloth bags instead of plastic bags.What‟s more delightful, the pupils saidthey would like to share their feelingsabout these with their parents. Thusour activity got an impact of a greaterscope.He has set up an industrial wasteprocessing company. Mr. Tanintroduced to me his company‟sbusiness: first, they reclaim the usefulcomponents in chemical waste, andthen make them harmless. The processachieves both environmental andeconomic benefit. Before that, I haveheard of the saying that “Rubbish is aresource that has been misplaced.”I took part in the social practice inChenming paper industry. Paperproduction is an acknowledgedpollution source. However, Chenming‟swater-processing system is full of thewisdom of environmental engineers:after pretreatment, the usefulmaterials in waste water are reclaimed;the rest is taken as the fertilizer ofreeds; after bio-purification, the waterquality reaches the standard, and thereeds, as raw materials of producingpaper, also get harves.Ourresponsibility---controlling pollutionsources, producing economic benefit,and becoming the entrepreneurs‟driving force to promoteenvironmental protection.To construct a resource-saving and environment-friendly society depends on the efforts of everyone. As common citizens, we should form the green consumption habit and life habit; as far as the government are concerned, they must adopt “a big stick policy,”strictly supervise the environment and enterprises‟environmental protection work; as for we environmental engineers, my individual hanker is to provide “carrots”to reduce enterprises‟cost of abating pollution, which make the environmental protection become a business not only valuable but also beneficial.We all can be digital dreamersWith the rapid development and wide spread of information technology and Internet, the increasinginformatization gives a big influence onthe concept 、method、and mode ofeducation. “Michael Saylor ,the35-year-old CEO of the high-techcompany MicroStrategy，had a idea thathe wanted to create a nonprofit online IvyLeague university‟ ,which will alloweveryone ,from cabbie in Bombay tohousewife in L.A., to earn a top-notchdegree for free(Jodie Morse,Mar,27,2000).There is no doubt thatMichael Saylor is not the only one whocame up this kind of idea.Distance education originated inEngland，in the middle of the nineteenthcentury. This new type of educationmethod quickly spreaded to Europe,America and the world,and became agreat power of breaking through thetraditional education.According to theresearch did by the OECD,the worldorganization of economic cooperationand development, from 1995 to 2004, themarket size of the distance educationworldwide is expanding at an annual rateof 45%. Since 2000, there are 20 millionpeople around the world learn throughthe distance education(JiangMinhong ,2009).Like Sr.airman Aaron Fisher said”The ability to take my classes while ondeployment ,and have my questionsanswered anywhere in the world,was adream come ture.” (Nicholas Slabbertand Mirlea Saks ，2004)The convenientand the flexible are the most markedcharacteristics of the distancelearning. ”Online learning seems a boonfor people whose circumstances make ithard to attend classes.”（NicholasSlabbert and Mirlea Saks ，2004）You can…attend a lecture‟ everywhere, anytime.You can study at home at 11:00 p.m., youcan learn math when you sit under a treein your backyard, and you can also watchthe teaching video in a train. Distanceeducation is more valued to individualcharacter, and can make students becomeindependent on their study. But manyparents would not let their childrentaking these web-based courses, because“it dosen‟t require as much commitmentand discipline as conventional classroomcourses.”（Nicholas Slabbert and MirleaSaks，2004）I think it is the problem canonly be solved by learners and teachersthemselves.Distance education is for everyone.Students can take lectures for their finalexam. Employers can learnAdvertisement for their furtherpromotion. For “the 83 million adultsaged 25 to 54 who have no collegedegree” , t he accredited online collegesand universities are really a boon.Distance education offers a wide range ofonline accredited degrees, includingonline MBA‟s, teaching certification, andAssociate‟s Bechelor‟s and Mster‟sdegrees in everything from a networkmanagement degree to onlinr criminaljustice degree(Jiang Ninhong ,2009).What‟s more, online education has madea great contribution to promote thelife-long education, recurrent educationand further education. The recurrenteducation refers to a kind of alternatingeducation system, it tries to give eachperson another chance to continue theirstudy or make them have otheropportunities to get training after studyinterruption. (Ding Jinhong ,2002).There is a big proportion ofhousehoulds that have no land or almostno land in rural areas of developingcountries. The rural paimary schools arescattered with inadequate facilities andunqualified teachers.In many rural areas,only 10% of the children can completethe primary education. Accordance tothe UNESCO's forecast, although theenrollment rate is growing in developingcountries, due to the population growth,there will have 103 million children aged6 to 11 can not enrolled, and 222 millionyoung Youth out of school by 2000. （LiJiying ，1999）distance education givesa way."If you put a professor's bestperformance of his life online, you canmake something even better thanHarvard," says Saylor, an M.I.T.graduate. （Jodie Morse，2000）With the further improvement ofdistance education, it will benefit morepeople. Everyone can become a digitaldreamer In the near future.Opportunities and ChallengesFirst, I would like to know,what does your destiny offer you?Happiness, wisdom, a strong body orsomething else. If I had asked thisquestion to president Nixon, he wouldprobably had said,”Our destiny offersnot the cup of despair, but the chaliceof opportunity.”Needless to say, one of thebiggest opportunities given to China isthe 2008 Olympic Games. Till now, wehave used two sevenths of thepreparation time. How much changeshave you seen? New roads, newsubway lines, public-exercisingequipments with beautiful colors, largeblocks of grass fields, and also lots ofmodern gyms which are underconstruction.Other than those, there areeven more good effects brought to usby the Olympic Games that cannot beseen directly. For example, more andmore people will get to know China.I‟m sure the mysterious Chineseculture will attract them strongly. Andthe games will also do good to theeconomy and environment, for it isgaining the attention of foreigninvestors and the awareness ofenvironmental protection is beingstrengthened. What is more, OlympicGames give a unique opportunity toinspire and educate a new generationof Chinese youth with the Olympic values and the Olympic spirit. Now that we have seen so many advances, could you even imagine us losing the holding rights?I‟ve already said a lot about the Olympics and China. But I think everyone should use some time to think of this question, ”Does the Olympic Games have any special meaning to you?”For us, I mean the Chinese youth, 2008 Olympic Games is a tremendous gift. Because what we are waiting for is to do something significant as repaying the love given to us .The society is just like a ship, and in our dreams the captain is waving his hand and saying ”Hey! Come here and take the helm! ”How charming his voice is, but we have never heard of it in our true life. This morning, however, when we wake up, we will see the Olympic Games waving its hand. After chewing, most of us will have at least one plan about what to do for the Olympic Games. And mine is to be a “comforter” ----that is someone who will give comfort to others.At the end of my speech, I hope all the preparation will go well, and everyone will show their ability to the world. Let us seize opportunities and give a big smile to challenges1. TravelTravel is a very good means ofbroadening a person's perspective. Itmakes you come into contact withdifferent cultures，meet people ofdifferent colors and go through peculiarrites and ceremonies. Traveling much，you will not only enrich your knowledgeand experiences，but also be aware ofthe vastness of nature.Travel may also relieve personof boredom and gloom. Travel brings youenjoyment and attraction. It gives you apleasant experience，which will disperseyour boredom and make you forgetwhatever annoys you. Travel broadensyour mind and leaves you good memories.Later，you may go over these memoriesand enjoy your past experiences，thuskeeping a fresh and sunny mind.Travelers can choose differentmodes of transportation which haveadvantages and disadvantages. Airplanesare the fastest but also the most expensive.Buses and trains are less expensive，butthey soon make you feel uncomfortable.Ships provide you with comfort unlessyou get seasick. Most people can affordtraveling by bicycle，which，althoughslow，can strengthen your muscles andget you closer to nature.Advantages of TravelTravel is beneficial to us in atleast three ways.First, by traveling we can enjoythe beautiful scenery in different places.We will see with our own eyes manyplaces read of in books, and visit somefamous cities and scenic spots.Second, we will meet people withdifferent interests and see strange anddifferent things when we travel. We canget ideas of the conditions and customs ofother people, taste different foods andlocal flavours if we like. In this way, wecan understand how differently otherpeople live.Third, travel will not only help usto gain knowledge of geography andhistory and other knowledge, which willarouse our deep love :for our motherland,but also will help us keep healthy andmake us less narrow-minded. Travel doesbenefit us both mentally and physically.With all these advantages of travel,it is no wonder that travel has nowbecome more popular than other thingsin China.5. Tourism and EnvironmentNowadays, with the development oftourism, the quality of the environmenthas been seriously declined. It pains us tosee Fairytale JiuZhai valley suffers fromthe decay of its lake, and HuangShanMountain are spread all over by litters.We have to think twice about the effecttourism has exerted on the environment.For one thing, tourism can have apositive effect on the environment. Firstof all, with the development of tourism, itcan bring our country huge financeincome. Secondly, we can find ecologicalproblems in some areas so that we cantake immediate measures to deal with it,such as ecological construction andpollution control. In this way, webeautify the environment.For another, tourism can also causepassive effect. Excessive tourism wouldnot only cause the air pollution, waterpollution and solid waste, but also resultin an inappropriate use of local resources.Not to mention the disturbance to thelocal living environment.In conclusion, tourism can bebeneficial to both nature conservationand economic development if it isdeveloped in a moderate way. We musttry our best to find the balance betweentourism and the environment.6. A Tour Without a Travel AgencySuffering from too muchpressure brought by the quickening paceof modern life, we want to have somerelaxation by traveling．But the tourwith a travel agency may make us feeleven worse and we really feel regretful．The reasons why I don‟t choose atravel agency during the tour are asfollows：Firstly，the guide sometimesseems really arrogant．He or she doesn‟tanswer the questions we ask．Secondly，the accommodations are different fromwhat we imagine．Moreover，the travelagency fail to live up to what it haspromised．The route of travel may bechanged．In a word，it is usually a bitterexperience．There's much room forimprovement for the travel agency．Ithink the department concernedshould take immediate measures toprevent the occurrence of offensivephenomena。
新视野研究生英语_读说写2课文加翻译0
1.College lectures: Is Anybody Listening?大学课堂：还有人在听吗？A former teacher of mine, Robert A. Fowkes of New York University, likes to tell the story of a class he took in Old Welsh while studying in Germany during the 1930s. On the first day the professor strode（大步走）up to the podium（讲台）shuffled （把纸张打乱位置）his notes, coughed, and began, ― Guten Tag, Meine Damen und Herren‖(―Good day, ladies and gentlemen‖). Fowkes glanced around uneasily（不安地）. He was the only student in the course.纽约大学的Robert A Fowkes是我过去的一位老师。
他喜欢讲在上世纪30年代他在德国上，古威尔士语课的故事。
第一天上课，教授大步走上讲台，翻了翻笔记，咳嗽了一声，开始说道：“早上好，女士们、先生们。
”Fowkes不安地扫视一番。
他是上这门课的唯一学生。
Toward the middle of the semester（学期，半年）, Fowkes fell ill and missed a class. When he returned, the professor nodded vaguely and, to Fowkes‘s astonishment, began to deliver not the next lecture in the sequence序列顺序but the one after. Had he, in fact, lectured to an empty hall in the absence of his solitary（独自的）student? Fowkes thought it perfectly possible.在学期中间，Fowkes因病缺了一次课。
【9A文】新视角研究生英语读说写2课文原文加翻译及课后答案
新视野研究生英语读说写2英语原文加翻译及课后答案1.大学课堂：还有人在听吗？Towardthemiddleofthesemester,Fowkesfellillandmissedaclass.Whenhereturned,theprofessornoddedvaguelRan d,toFowkes’sastonishment,begantodelivernottheneRtlectureinthesequencebuttheoneafter.Hadhe,infact,lecturedtoan emptRhallintheabsenceofhissolitarRstudent?FowkesthoughtitperfectlRpossible.在学期中间，Fowkes因病缺了一次课。
他回到课堂的时候，教授毫无表情地向他点了点头。
接着令Fowkes大吃一惊的是，教授并没有按照顺序讲下一课，而是讲了后面一课。
难道他真的在他唯一的学生缺席的情况下对着空教室讲了一课？Fowkes认为这太有可能了。
TodaRAmericancollegesanduniversities(originallRmodeledonGermanones)areunderstrongattackfrommanRqu arters.Teachers,itischarged,arenotdoingagoodjobofteaching,andstudentsarenotdoingagoodjoboflearning.Americanb usinessesandindustriessufferfromunenterprising,uncreativeeRecutiveseducatednottothinkforthemselvesbuttomouth outdatedtruismstherestoftheworldhaslongdiscarded.Collegegraduateslackbothbasicskillsandgeneralculture.Studiesa reconductedandreportsareissuedonthestatusofhighereducation,butanRchangesthatresulteitherarelargelRcosmeticor makeabadsituationworse.今天美国的大学（原本是以德国的大学为模型的）受到了各方面的严厉指责。
新视野研究生英语读说写2-课文翻译及课后答案
新视野研究生英语读说写2英语原文加翻译1 大学课堂：还有人在听吗？A former teacher of mine, Robert A. Fowkes of New York University, likes to tell the story of a class he took in Old Welsh while studying in Germany during the 1930s. On the first day the professor strode up to the podium shuffled his notes, coughed, and began, ―Guten Tag, Meine Damen und Herren‖(―Good day, ladies and gentlemen‖). Fowkes glanced around uneasily. He was the only student in the course. 纽约大学的Robert A Fowkes是我过去的一位老师。
他喜欢讲在上世纪30年代他在德国上，古威尔士语课的故事。
第一天上课，教授大步走上讲台，翻了翻笔记，咳嗽了一声，开始说道：“早上好，女士们、先生们。
”Fowkes不安地扫视一番。
他是上这门课的唯一学生。
Toward the middle of the semester, Fowkes fell ill and missed a class. When he returned, the professor nodded vaguely and, to Fowkes’s astonishment, began to deliver not the next lecture in the sequence but the one after. Had he, in fact, lectured to an empty hall in the absence of his solitary student? Fowkes thought it perfectly possible.在学期中间，Fowkes 因病缺了一次课。
新视野研究生英语读说写2_课文加翻译
1 大学课堂：还有人在听吗？ Toward the middle of the semester, Fowkes fell ill and missed a class. When he returned, the professor nodded vaguely and, to Fowkes ‘s astonishment, began to deliver not the next lecture in the sequence but the one after. Had he, in fact, lectured to an empty hall in the absence of his solitary student? Fowkes thought it perfectly possible. 在学期中间，Fowkes 因病缺了一次课。
他回到课堂的时候，教授毫无表情地向他点了点头。
接着令Fowkes 大吃一惊的是，大吃一惊的是，教授并没有按照顺序讲下一教授并没有按照顺序讲下一课，而是讲了后面一课。
难道他真的在他唯一的学生缺席的情况下对着空教室讲了一课？Fowkes 认为这太有可能了。
为这太有可能了。
Today Today American American American colleges colleges colleges and and and universities universities universities (originally (originally modeled on German ones) are under strong attack from many quarters. Teachers, it is charged, are not doing a good good job job job of of of teaching, teaching, teaching, and and and students students students are are are not not not doing doing doing a a good job of learning. American businesses and industries suffer from unenterprising, uncreative executives educated not to think for themselves but to mouth outdated truisms the rest of the world has long discarded. College graduates lack both basic skills and general culture. Studies are conducted a nd reports are and reports are issued issued on on on the the the status status status of of of higher higher education, but but any any changes that result either are largely cosmetic or make a bad situation worse. 今天美国的大学（原本是以德国的大学为模型的）受到了各方面的严厉指责。
新视角研究生英语读说写2课后翻译资料
第一单元1. 那位教授很可能在他唯一的学生缺席的情况下对着空空的教室讲了一课。
The professor might probably have delivered his lecture to the empty classroom in the absence of his solitary student.2. 现行的教育体制遭到了公众的批评，公众已经开始意识到这种体制给学生带来的危害。
The present educational system has been under attack from the public, who have begun to realize the harm the system has done to students.3. 老师告诉这些大四学生他每次都会点名，因为这门课是必须要听的。
The professor told those seniors that he would take attendance every time because attendance at this course was compulsory.4. 我真想参加你的乔迁聚会。
但是很抱歉我无法去, 因为我有一大堆事情要做。
I’d love to go to your housewarming party, but I’m sorry I can’t make it because I’ve got a stack of things to do.5. 中学辍学的年青人可以上夜校或通过电大和函授课程恢复他们的学业。
Youths who dropped out of middle school can resume their studies at night school or through television and correspondence courses.6. 她不喜欢那位著名作家的讲座，但她为了在讲座后得到他的签名还是耐着性子听完了。
新视角研究生英语读说写2课后翻译汇总
Unit 11. 那位教授很可能在他唯一的学生缺席的情况下对着空空的教室讲了一课。
The professor might probably have delivered his lecture to the empty classroom in the absence of his solitary student2. 现行的教育体制遭到了公众的批评，公众已经开始意识到这种体制给学生带来的危害。
The present educational system has been under attack from the public, who have begun to realize the harm the system has done to students.3. 老师告诉这些大四学生他每次都会点名，因为这门课是必须要听的。
The professor told those seniors that he would take attendance every time because attendance at this course was compulsory.4. 我真想参加你的乔迁聚会。
但是很抱歉我无法去, 因为我有一大堆事情要做。
I’d love to go to your housewarming party, but I’m sorry I can’t make it because I’ve got a stack of things to do.5. 中学辍学的年青人可以上夜校或通过电大和函授课程恢复他们的学业。
Youths who dropped out of middle school can resume their studies at night school or through television and correspondence courses.6. 她不喜欢那位著名作家的讲座，但她为了在讲座后得到他的签名还是耐着性子听完了。
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1 大学课堂：还有人在听吗？Toward the middle of the semester, Fowkes fell ill and missed a class. When he returned, the professor nodded vaguely and, to Fowkes‘s astonishment, began to deliver not the next lecture in the sequence but the one after. Had he, in fact, lectured to an empty hall in the absence of his solitary student? Fowkes thought it perfectly possible.在学期中间，Fowkes 因病缺了一次课。
他回到课堂的时候，教授毫无表情地向他点了点头。
接着令Fowkes大吃一惊的是，教授并没有按照顺序讲下一课，而是讲了后面一课。
难道他真的在他唯一的学生缺席的情况下对着空教室讲了一课？Fowkes认为这太有可能了。
Today American colleges and universities (originally modeled on German ones) are under strong attack from many quarters. Teachers, it is charged, are not doing a good job of teaching, and students are not doing a good job of learning. American businesses and industries suffer from unenterprising, uncreative executives educated not to think for themselves but to mouth outdated truisms the rest of the world has long discarded. College graduates lack both basic skills and general culture. Studies are conducted and reports are issued on the status of higher education, but any changes that result either are largely cosmetic or make a bad situation worse.今天美国的大学（原本是以德国的大学为模型的）受到了各方面的严厉指责。
人们指责老师没有教好，学生没有学好。
美国的商业和工业饱受无进取心的、缺乏创造力的管理人员之苦，这些人受的教育是自己不用思考，而是说一些过时的、在世界上其他地方早已抛弃的陈词滥调。
大学毕业生即没有基本技能也没有全面修养。
有人对高等教育的状况做了研究并发表了报告，但由此引发的变化很大程度上不是表面的，就是使已经糟糕的情形变得更糟。
One aspect of American education too seldom challenged is the lecture system. Professors continue to lecture and students to take notes much as they did in the thirteenth century, when books were so scarce and expensive that few students could own them. The time is long overdue for us to abandon the lecture system and turn to methods that really work.美国教育中很少被挑战的方面是讲课制度。
教授不停地讲，学生不停地记笔记，就想十三世纪时的情形一样，那时因为课本缺乏又昂贵，很少有学生买得起。
我们早就该舍弃讲课制度，开始使用真正有用的方法。
Some days Mary sits in the front row, from where she can watch the professor read from a stack of yellowed notes that seem nearly as old as he is. She is bored by the lectures, and so are most of the other students, to judge by the way they are nodding off or doodling in their notebooks. Gradually she realizes the professor is as bored as his audience. At the end of each lecture he asks, ―Are there any questions?‖ in a tone of voice that makes it plain he would much rather there weren‘t. He needn‘t worry—the students are as relieved as he is that the class is over.有几天玛丽坐在前排，她可以看到教授在读一叠几乎和他年纪一样老的发黄的讲义。
她听课听烦了，其他大部分同学也听烦了，这从他们的行为中可以做出判断：他们要么在打盹，要么在笔记本上涂鸦。
渐渐地她意识到教授和他的听众一样感到无聊。
每次课结束时他都问道：“有问题吗？”他的语气明显表明他更希望没有问题。
他不必担心，学生和他一样感到下课是一种解脱。
Mary knows very well she should read an assignment before every lecture. However, as the professor gives no quizzes and asks no questions, she soon realizes she needn‘t prepare. At the end of term she catches up by skimming her notes and memorizing a list of facts and dates. After the final exam, she promptly forgets much of what she has memorized. Some of her follow students, disappointed at the impersonality of it all, drop out of college altogether. Others, like Mary , stick it out, grow resigned to the system and await better days when, as juniors and seniors, they will attend smaller classes and at last get the kind of personal attention real learning requires.玛丽清楚的知道她应该在每次上课前阅读布置的作业。
但是，因为教授不做小测验也不提问，她很快就认识到她不必准备。
学期末她只要看看笔记，再记记一些事件、年代就可以跟上进度。
期末考试后她会立刻忘掉她背下来的大部分内容。
她的有些同学对这种无人情味的学习很失望，干脆辍学。
其他人像玛丽一样坚持下来，无奈地接受了这种制度，等待着到大三大四时的好日子，那时他们就会有较小的班级，最终也会得到真正的学习所需要的那种针对个人的关注。
I admit this picture is overdrawn—most universities supplement lecture courses with discussion groups, usually led by graduate students; and some classes such as first-year English and always relatively small. Nevertheless, far too many courses rely principally or entirely on lectures, an arrangement much loved by faculty and administrators but scarcely designed to benefit the students.我承认上面的描述言过其实。
大多数大学有讨论课来补充听力课，通常讨论课是由研究生主持的。
而且有些班级，如一年级的英语课，也总是相对较小的。
但是，还有太多的课主要或者完全依赖于讲课，这种安排受到教师和管理人员的青睐，但绝不是为学生的利益而设计的。
One problem with lectures is that listening intelligently is hard work. Reading the same material in a textbook is a more efficient way to learn because students can proceed as slowly as they need to until the subject matter become clear to them. Even simply paying attention is very difficult; people can listen at a rate of four hundred to six hundred words a minute, while the most impassioned professor talks at scarcely a third of that speed. This time lag between speech and comprehension leads to daydreaming. Many students believe years of watching television have sabotaged their attention span, out their real problem is thatlistening attentively is much harder than they think.听课存在的一个问题是：会听是件很难的事。