英语阅读理解(人生百味)专项含解析

英语阅读理解(人生百味)专项含解析
一、高中英语阅读理解人生百味类
1．阅读理解
A few years back I worked in a university building that also housed a department full of psychologists, all of whom seemed to see us as perfect guinea pigs(豚鼠) for their latest theories. If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I'd cast a careful glance and ask "Why?" before grabbing the apple pie.
So one day, when someone from the Psychology Department posted instructions in the bathroom persuading all of us to "Think about five things for which you're grateful every day for a week!" my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.
I wandered into the office of Heidi Zetzer, the director of our school's Psychological Services Clinic. "What's with the gratitude thing?" I asked. You don't ask an academic question－even a simple one unless you're prepared for a long answer. Heidi came alive, and I sat down. That's when I first heard the term "positive psychology". The gratitude thing, as I had called it, was but one small and simple element of the practice. "Kind of like training the brain to focus on joy," my friend Heidi explained. "It's only a week," she urged. "Try it." I did. And guess what? It worked. Every day for a week, I found five distinct things for which I was thankful. They had to be different every day. I couldn't get away with just being grateful for my wonderful husband. But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. He's a great cook. He always puts our family first.
Life will never be perfect. I still see new stories that annoy me. The traffic in my city is maddening. I wish I could speed up my recovery. But with just one simple exercise, I'm rediscovering the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I can't change, working without complaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.
And all it took was a little gratitude.
（1）What's the author's attitude toward the student with desserts?
A. Cautious.
B. Respectful.
C. Indifferent.
D. Supportive.（2）Why was the author doubtful about the instructions?
A. Because she thought it wasn't worth the effort.
B. Because she didn't like expressing thanks often.
C. Because she needed to ask her friend to do it first.
D. Because she could do five things every day easily.
（3）What does Collie Conoley suggest the author should do?
A. Be grateful to her wonderful husband.
B. Be thankful for things but not people.
C. Be a great cook and put her family first.
D. Be specific about what she's thankful for.
（4）What's the best title for the text?
A. Don't Be Bothered by Small Things
B. We Can Change Everything If We Want
C. Practicing Gratitude Changed My Life
D. Being Grateful to One Good Person
【答案】（1）A
（2）A
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，在一个星期的时间里，作者坚持每天都能发现五件她特别感激的事情，而且每天都有所不同。

生活永远不会完美。

但通过这么一个简单的练习，作者重新发现了那句老话的平和：接受我不能改变的事情，毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的，并且足够明智地知道两者的区别。

这只需要一点感激之情。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“If an eager graduate student showed up in my office bearing desserts and asked me to pick one, I'd cast a careful glance and ask ‘Why?’ before grabbing the apple pie.”如果一个心急的研究生拿着甜点出现在我的办公室，让我挑选一种，在抓苹果派之前，我会仔细地看一眼，然后问“为什么?”可知，作者在抓苹果派之前，会仔细地看一眼，然后问“为什么?”。

可知，作者对带甜点的学生持有谨慎的态度。

故选A。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第二段中的“my response was frankly doubtful. I did the math. Five things a day for seven days is a lot of brainpower to expend without so much as the promise of an apple pie.”我的反应坦率地说是怀疑的。

我算了算。

连续7天每天做5件事，甚至连吃苹果派的承诺都没有，那就太费脑力了。

可推知，作者认为对“连续7天每天做5件事”的要求充满怀疑，认为太费脑力、不值得去做。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“But I could, suggested Collie Conoley, another positive psychologist, express my gratitude for specific aspects of a certain person each day. He's a great cook. He always puts our family first.”但是另一位积极心理学家柯利·康诺利建议道，我可以每天对一个人的某些方面表达我的感激之情。

他是个很棒的厨师。

他总是把我们的家庭放在第一位。

可知，柯利·康诺利建议作者每天对一个人的某些方面表达感激之情。

由此可知，柯利·康诺利建议作者具体说明她感激什么。

故选D。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“But with just one simple exercise, I'm rediscovering the peace of that old saying: accepting the things I can't change, working without complaint to change what I can, and being wise enough to know the difference.”但通过一个简单的练习，我重新发现了那句老话的平和：接受我不能改变的事情，毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的，并且足够明智地知道两者的区别）可知，练习表达感激，改变了作者的观念和生活。

由此可知选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息。

并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解
Failure is an unavoidable part of life. Though science has named some life skills that promise success, we're told over and over again that no great success was ever achieved without failure -- or many failed attempts. One of life's most important lessons, therefore, has to be how to handle failure best. But what is the message?
For starters, ignore advice from anyone that tells you, "Don't beat yourself up about it," no matter how well-meaning they are. According to the new research from the University of Kansas,
we absolutely should be beating ourselves up when we fail. Marketing professor Noelle Nelson and her team found that the more emotional a person's response is to failure, the more likely they are to achieve better results the next time they deal with a related task.
The researchers carried out two experiments in which undergraduate students were required to perform specific tasks. In one experiment, they were asked to search online for a squeezer and report the lowest price they could find with the possibility of winning a $50 cash prize. However, the task was controlled, and all participants were told (by a computer) that the lowest price was $3.27 less than their reported price. Consequently, no participant won the cash prize. When the results were announced, some participants were asked to focus on their emotional response, and others on their cognitive (认知的) response. During the next similar task, participants who focused on their emotional response to failure made more effort than those who focused on a cognitive response.
Everybody has their own unique challenges, responsibilities, duties, and projects, but these findings are related to all of us. Your personal failure may be a cake that fails to rise, a presentation that goes wrong, or a deadline that gets missed—it doesn't matter. What matters is how you react to it. Instead of thinking about the failure, let yourself feel bad about it. Then follow this advice on how to bounce back after your failure.
（1）What's the relationship between failure and success?
A.Failure promises success.
B.Failure is the key to success.
C.Failure does damage to success.
D.Well-handled failure is good for success.
（2）Why does the writer support beating oneself up when failing?
A.It's a well-meaning suggestion for failure.
B.It's been proved by the study of a university.
C.Being emotional is good for his future success.
D.It can make people less emotional about failure.
（3）Which can be the best title for the passage?
A.Personal Failure Is a Cake That Fails to Appear
B.The Most Productive Way to Handle Any Failure
C.Different Methods to Change Failure into Success
D.The Reason Why Failure Is the Mother of Success
【答案】（1）D
（2）C
（3）B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。

文章向读者传达了失败乃是人生不可避免的一部分，但是如何处理失败是很重要的。

每次失败后，我们应该自责，自责能让我们下次做得更好。

（1）推理判断题。

根据第一段中的we're told over and over again that no great success was ever achieved without failure以及“One of life's most important lessons, therefore, has to be how to handle failure best.（人生中很重要的一课是学会如何最好地处理失败）”可知，好好处理
的失败对成功是好的。

故选D。

（2）细节理解题。

由第二段中的“we absolutely should be beating ourselves up when we fail （当我们失败的时候我们应该自责）”与“the more emotional a person's response is to failure, the more likely they are to achieve better results the next time they deal with a related task（一个人对失败的情绪越大，下次他遇到相关的任务取得更好的结果的可能越大）”可知，对失败有情绪对将来的成功是很重要的。

故选C。

（3）主旨大意题。

这是一篇说明文，根据文章第一段中的最后一句“One of life's most important lessons, therefore, has to be how to handle failure best.（人生中很重要的一课是学会如何最好地处理失败）”可知，本文是教给大家如何有效地面对失败。

故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

涉及细节理解题，推理判断题和主旨大意题。

细节理解题要注意根据题目和文章的关键词在文章中寻找答案。

推理判断题要注意联系上下文，推断出所需信息，主旨大意题要注意找文章的主题句或主题段落，联系上下文，从而判断出文章的主题。

3．阅读理解
"Old wives tales" are beliefs passed down from one generation to another. For example, most of us remember our parents' telling us to eat more of certain foods of not to do certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with present medical thinking, but others have not passed the test of time.
Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good for your eyes? Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease called macular degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this disease by 40%. Garlic(蒜）is good for you ,too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.
Unfortunately, not all of Mom's advice passed the test of medical studies. For example, generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour after eating. But research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth problems? Well, yes and no. Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars.
Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional beliefs don't hold water, there is still a lot of truth in the old wives' tales. After much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care. We should respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to prove it true or false.
（1）Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?
A. Eating garlic is good for our eyes.
B. Carrots prevent people from catching colds.
C. Swimming after a meal is dangerous.
D. Sticky sweets tend to damage our teeth.
（2）According to the passage, what does the underlined phrase "hold water" mean?
A. To be believable.
B. To be valuable.
C. To be admirable.
D. To be suitable.（3）Why do we need to respect the body of knowledge in the old wives' tales?
A. Because it is told by our ancestors.
B. Because it is scientifically supported.
C. Because it is based on many years' experience.
D. Because it is related to family health care.
（4）What is the author's attitude toward "old wives' tales" in the text?
A. Subjective
B. Objective
C. Dissatisfied
D. Curious
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】中国有句俗话：不听老人言，吃亏在眼前。

本文客观评价了保持身体健康的" 老人言"的正确性。

（1）细节理解题。

由第三自然段的最后一句" Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than sweets made with simple sugars." 用谷物制成的粘性糖果比用单糖制成的糖果容易引起更多的问题。

故选D。

（2）词义猜测题。

文章中本句意思是：即使科学能告诉我们那些" 老人言"是（能容水的）值得相信的，但" 老人言"中还有很多正确的东西，hold water在此处意思是：能装水的；值得相信的，站得住脚的。

故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据最后一段" there is still a lot of truth in the old wives' tales. After much of this knowledge has been accumulated （积累)from thousands of years of experience in family health care." " 老人言"仍然有许多真理，这些知识是从几千年的家庭保健经验中积累起来的。

它是基于多年的经验。

故选C。

（4）推理判断题。

根据文章第三、四自然段可知作者分析了他的可信性和不可信性，作者对于" 老人言"持客观态度，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

通读全文，把握文意；熟读第一段，了解主题句；分清段落结构，把握各段段意；了解题干，在原文依次找依据。

4．阅读理解
The world's richest man might seem to have it all, but Bill Gates has one regret. The self-made billionaire said he felt stupid for not knowing any foreign languages.
Speaking in his third Ask Me Anything question-and-answer session for online forum Reddit(红迪网), the Microsoft founder said that he wished he spoke French, Arabic or Chinese.
He said, "I took Latin and Greek in high school and got As and I guess it helps my vocabulary. I keep hoping to get time to study one of these—probably French because it is the easiest. I did Duolingo for a while but didn't keep it up."
Gates, who is worth $79.3 billion, praised Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg for surprising an audience in Beijing when he spoke fluent Chinese. "Mark Zuckerberg amazingly learned Chinese and did a Q & A with Chinese students—unbelievable, isn't it?" he said.
This isn't the first time for Gates to admit his regret over language. He also showed his habits at home and personal insights.
Last February, Gates said he likes to do the dishes himself—to his own special standards every night and also told the interviewer that his wife, Melinda, would likely want Samuel L. Jackson to
play her husband in a biopic(传记片).
He also admitted that he would pick up a $100 bill if he found it on the street.
As he took the top spot on Forbes(福布斯) 28th Annual Billionaires list last year for the fourth time, he said he is pretty basic when it comes to spending on clothes and food, but that he enjoys investing in shoes and rackets(球拍) when he plays tennis.
When asked a life lesson he had to learn the hard way, the billionaire said staying up too late is a habit he is still trying to break. "Don't stay up too late even if the book is really exciting. You will regret it in the morning. Pam is still working on this problem," he said.
（1）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A. An Interview with Bill Gates
B. How Bill Gates Succeeded
C. Bill Gates' Regret
D. The Richest Billionaire
（2）The underlined part in paragraph 8 may actually mean that _______.
A. it is important to lay a good foundation of life
B. food and clothing are basic needs for people's life
C. he never cares about buying food and clothing
D. he doesn't spend much money on food and clothes
（3）What advice did Bill Gates give?
A. Do the dishes yourself at home.
B. Be a good language learner.
C. Avoid staying up too late.
D. Pick up the $100 bills in the streets.
（4）Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Bill Gates is also the founder of Facebook.
B. Bill Gates was good at learning languages in high school.
C. Bill Gates topped the list of Forbes 28 times.
D. Bill Gates' wife wants Samuel to play a game with Gates.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，白手起家的亿万富翁比尔·盖茨认为自己不懂外语是人生的一个遗憾。

（1）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“The world's richest man might seem to have it all, but Bill Gates has one regret. The self-made billionaire said he felt stupid for not knowing any foreign la nguages.”世界首富比尔·盖茨似乎拥有一切，但他有一个遗憾。

这位白手起家的亿万富翁说，他觉得自己不懂外语很愚蠢。

是全文的主题句，可知这篇文章主要讲了比尔·盖茨的遗憾，故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。

根据第八段中的“but that he enjoys investing in shoes and rackets(球拍) when he plays tennis.”但他喜欢在打网球时，投资买鞋和球拍。

由此推断出上文的意思是他在食物和衣服上花的钱不多，故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“ W hen asked a life lesson he had to learn the hard way, the billionaire said staying up too late is a habit he is still trying to break.”当被问及人生的
教训时，这位亿万富翁表示，他仍在努力改掉熬夜的习惯。

由此可知，比尔·盖茨的建议是避免熬夜太晚，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据第三段中的“I took Latin and Greek in high school and g ot As and I guess it helps my vocabulary.”我在高中的时候学过拉丁语和希腊语，拿到了A，我想这对我的词汇量有帮助。

由此推断出比尔·盖茨在高中时很擅长学习语言，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解
Give yourself a test. Which way is the wind blowing? How many kinds of wildflowers can be seen from your front door? If your awareness is as sharp as it could be, you'll have no trouble answering these questions.
Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder. Curiosity gave us all a natural awareness. But distinctions that were sharp to us as children become unclear; we are numb(麻木的）to new stimulation(刺激), new ideas. Relearning the art of seeing the world around us is quite simple, although it takes practice and requires breaking some bad habits.
The first step in awakening senses is to stop predicting what we are going to see and feel before it occurs. This blocks awareness. One chilly night when I was hiking in the Rocky Mountains with some students, I mentioned that we were going to cross a mountain stream. The students began complaining about how cold it would be. We reached the stream, and they unwillingly walked ahead. They were almost knee-deep when they realized it was a hot spring. Later they all admitted they'd felt cold water at first.
Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things. I saw bird watchers who spotted a bird, immediately looked it up in field guides, and said, a "ruby-crowned kinglet" and checked it off. They no longer paid attention to the bird and never learned what it was doing.
The pressures of "time" and "destination" are further blocks to awareness. I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them. I asked them what they'd seen. "Oh, a few birds," they said. They seemed bent on their destinations.
Nature seems to unfold to people who watch and wait. Next time you take a walk, no matter where it is, take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. Wander in this frame of mind and you will open a new dimension to your life.
（1）According to Paragraph 2, compared with adults, children are more ____________.
A.anxious to do wonders
B.sensitive to others' feelings
C.likely to develop unpleasant habits
D.eager to explore the world around them
（2）What idea does the author convey in Paragraph 3?
A.To avoid jumping to conclusions.
B.To stop complaining all the time.
C.To follow the teacher's advice.
D.To admit mistakes honestly.
（3）The bird watchers' behavior shows that they __________.
A.are very patient in their observation
B.are really fascinated by nature
C.care only about the names of birds
D.question the accuracy of the field guides
（4）Why do the hikers take no notice of the surroundings during the journey?
A.The natural beauty isn't attractive to them.
B.They focus on arriving at the camp in time.
C.The forest in the dark is dangerous for them.
D.They are keen to see rare birds at the destination.
（5）In the passage, the author intends to tell us we should __________.
A.fill our senses to feel the wonders of the world
B.get rid of some bad habits in our daily life
C.open our mind to new things and ideas
D.try our best to protect nature
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇散文。

我们有多久没有仔细观察我们周围的世界了。

作者通过此文要告诉我们：放慢脚步，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙。

（1）推理判断题。

根据文章第二段Most of us observed much more as children than we do as adults. A child's day is filled with fascination, newness and wonder.可知，与成人相比较，孩子观察得更多，孩子的一天充满了魔力、新奇和惊奇。

从而可以推断出孩子更急于探索他们周围的世界。

故选D。

（2）推理判断题。

根据文章第三段作者叙述在一个寒冷的夜晚，作者和学生徒步旅行穿过一条小溪的时候，学生们抱怨水太冷而不愿往前走，结果事实上那是一个温泉。

作者举这样一个事例是为了向读者传递这样的观念：避免过早下结论。

故选A。

（3）细节理解题。

根据文章第四段全段及首句Another block to awareness is the obsession(痴迷) many of us have with naming things.可知，鸟观察者发现鸟后只关心鸟的名字，并不关心它在做什么。

故选C。

（4）细节理解题。

根据文章第五段I encountered many hikers who were headed to a distant camp-ground with just enough time to get there before dark. It seldom occurred to them to wander a bit, to take a moment to see what's around them.可知，徒步旅行者只关心能够及时到达目的地，而很少关心周围的事物。

故选B。

（5）推理判断题。

文章作者想要通过此文要告诉我们：大自然只展现给那些善于观察和等
待的人，带着我们所有的感官来感受周围世界的奇妙吧。

故选A。

【点评】考查散文类阅读理解，涉及细节理解题和推理判断题，细节理解题注意抓住题干关键词，把握重点，从文中寻找答案；推理判断题则需要找出相关句子，联系上下文，推测所需信息。

6．阅读理解
Debates over the benefits of recycling started in 1996 when a writer called John Tierney said "recycling is garbage". According to him, "Recycling programs offer mainly short-term benefits to a few related groups while diverting money from real social and environmental problems. It doubles energy consumption and pollution while costing taxpayers more money than dealing with old garbage. Recycling may be the most wasteful activity in modern America."
Environmental groups were quick to respond to Tierney by issuing reports detailing the benefits of recycling and showing how municipal (市政的) recycling programs reduce pollution and the use of resources while decreasing the amount of garbage and the need for landfill space — all for less, not more, than the cost of regular garbage collection and disposal(处置).
But in 2002, New York City, an early municipal recycling pioneer, found that its much-praised recycling program was losing money, so it eliminated glass and plastic recycling. According to the Mayor, the benefits of recycling plastic and glass were outweighed by the price—-recycling cost twice as much as disposal. Meanwhile, low demand for the materials meant that much of it was ending up in landfills anyway. NYC closed its last landfill and brought in a more efficient system, with more famous service providers than it had used previously.
The lessons learned by New York are applicable everywhere. Some early recycling programs waste resources and lead to new trash. But the situation has improved as cities have gained experience. If managed correctly, recycling programs should cost cities and taxpayers less than garbage disposal for any given amount of material. Even though the benefits of recycling over disposal are various, individuals should keep in mind that it better serves the environment to reduce and reuse materials before recycling even becomes an option.
（1）John Tierney thought that recycling ___________.
A.is a waste of money
B.leads to a lack of employers
C.is beneficial to the environment
D.will become popular in the future
（2）What's the meaning of the underlined word "eliminated" in Paragraph 3?
A.Required.
B.Forgot.
C.Encouraged.
D.Cancelled.
（3）What does the last paragraph imply?
A.We should make recycling an option.
B.Public recycling programs are in a bad situation.
C.We should develop the awareness of resource saving.
D.Cost-saving should be considered first in recycling work.
（4）What can be the best title for this passage?
A.The harm of recycling
B.Is recycling really beneficial?
C.The recycling work in New York City
D.Is environmental protection making progress?
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，自从1996年作家John Tierney说“回收是垃圾”时，关于垃圾回收的好处的讨论就没有停止过。

有人认为回收是现代美国最浪费的活动，而一些环境小组还详细列出了回收的好处，但是一些早期的回收项目也渐渐暴露出了问题。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Recycling may be the most wasteful activity in modern America.”回收可能是现代美国最浪费的一项活动，可知，他认为回收是浪费钱的。

故选A。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第三段中的“According to the Mayor, the benefits of recycling plastic and glass were outweighed by the price—-recycling cost twice as much as disposal.”根据市长所言，回收塑料和玻璃在价格方面超标了---回收的费用是处理费用的两倍，可推知，纽约取消了回收塑料和玻璃。

所以根据上下文的语境可以判断出，划线词的意思为“取消”。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Even though the benefits of recycling over disposal are various, individuals should keep in mind that it better serves the environment to reduce and reuse materials before recycling even becomes an option.”尽管回收比处理的好处有很多，大家应该记住，在回收成为一个选择之前，减少垃圾和反复利用物品对环境是更有利的。

，可推知，作者是想提醒大家要有资源节约的意识。

故选C。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“Debates over the benefits of recycling started in 1996 when a writer called John Tierney said ‘recycling is garbage’.”自从1996年作家John Tierney说“回收是垃圾”时，关于垃圾回收的好处的讨论就开始了。

可知，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解
When Andrew Kaplan recalls, his stories leave the impression that he has managed to pack multiple lives into a single existence: A war reporter in his 20s. an army member, a successful businessman and- later. the author of numerous spy novels and Hollywood scripts.
Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become "AndyBot"--- a virtual person who will be: immortalized(T F5)in the cloud for hundreds, perhaps
thousands of years
If all goes according to plan future generations will be able to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices, asking him questions, letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetime's worth of advice long after his physical body is gone.
Someday, Kaplan, who playfully refers to himself as a pig, may be remembered as one of the world's first digital humans.
For decades, Silicon Valley futurists have sought to free humanity from the life cycle. Today, a new generation of companies is selling some approximation(近似) of virtual immortality, which gives people the opportunity to preserve one's legacy(遗产) online forever.
Kaplan is eager to become one of the world's first virtual residents, partly because he considers the effort a way to extend closed family bonds over multiple generations.
If technology succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans, experts say, it may forever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss. "AndyBot" may become one of the world's first: meaningful examples, raising complex philosophical questions about the nature of immortality and the purpose of existence itself.
（1）What is the purpose of the first paragraph?
A.To highlight Kaplan's achievements.
B.To introduce the topic- -AndyBot.
C.To arouse readers interest in Kaplan.
D.To introduce Kaplan's life.
（2）Why did Andrew Kaplan agree to become AndyBot?
A.He wanted to share his life experience as long as possible.
B.He wanted to make his loved one remember him.
C.He believed this action will help with his novels.
D.He could live in the cloud to continue his life.
（3）What might the AndyBot do for future generations?
A.He may use voice computing platforms.
B.He may use a new body to go on living.
C.He may offer some guidance.
D.He may ask them questions.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A.Philosophical problems can be worked out by modern science.
B.People can talk with their late family members freely.
C.Scientists have made great progress in computer science.
D.There is still a long way for digital humans to go.
【答案】（1）B
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了科技新动态----数字人。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段可知，当安德鲁·卡普兰回忆往昔的时候，他的故事让人
感觉他活出了各种各样的人生：20多岁的时候是战地记者，还是一名军人，一位成功的商人，随后又是很多间谍小说和好莱坞剧本的作者。

主要介绍安德鲁·卡普兰丰富多彩的人生；在根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become “AndyBot”--- a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的78岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。

Kaplan同意变成数字人，可知，第一段的内容主要是引出下文中文章的话题数字人。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Now the silver haired 78-year old has realized he would like his loved ones to have access to those stories, even when he is no longer alive to share them. Kaplan has agreed to become ‘AndyBot’...a virtual person who will be”现在这位花白头发的78岁的老人想要他爱的人知道这些故事，甚至当他去世之后还可以分享这些故事。

Kaplan同意变成数字人，可知，卡普兰同意变成数字人是为了能更长时间的分享自己的这些故事。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“If all goes according to plan. future generations will be able to interact with him using voice computing platforms of mobile devices, asking him questions, letting him tell stories and drawing upon a lifetime's worth of advice long after his physical body is gone. ”如果一切按计划进行，后代可以通过移动端的语音平台和他交流，即使他的肉体不存在后，还可以问他问题，让他讲故事以及咨询他一生经验的宝贵建议。

可知卡普兰成为“数字人”后，他的后代仍能得到他一生经验的宝贵建议。

故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“If technology succeeds in creating emotionally intelligent digital humans, experts say, it may forever change the way living people cooperate with computers and experience loss.”可知，专家们说，如果科技成功地创造出高情商的数字人类，它可能会永远改变人类与电脑交互的方式，以及处理失去亲人创伤的方式，即目前的数字人类还无法拥有高情商，还是不够完美的，因此数字人技术还有很长的路要走。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读理解
Singles Day: Alibaba Says a Lot of People in China Bought Online
The planet's biggest shopping day has come and gone, and Alibaba again showed the world how many mountains of stuff (物品) it could persuade people to buy in the 24 hours.
Monday was Nov. 11, known in China as Singles Day. This year, nearly $38.3 billion worth of stuff was sold on Alibaba's platforms (平台) that day, beating last year's $30.8 billion and making Black Friday look, yet again, like a yard sale.
China has grown richer and more digitally connected. Alibaba has become a technology powerhouse. Along the way, the company has made a few famous friends. This year the singer Taylor Swift performed in its live-streamed evening gala (庆典) in Shanghai on Sunday. In previous years the model Miranda Kerr and the actors Nicole Kidman and Daniel Craig also showed on the Singles Day stage.。