[医学]医学英语文献阅读
医学英语文献阅读二曹素贞课后答案
医学英语文献阅读二曹素贞课后答案1、The soldiers would rather die than give in. [单选题] *A. 呈交B. 放弃C. 泄露D. 投降(正确答案)2、I repeated my question several times. [单选题] *A. 到达B. 惊奇C. 重复(正确答案)D. 返回3、Since we have _____ money left,we can't afford the expensive computer. [单选题] *A. a littleB. a fewC. little(正确答案)D. few4、The old woman doesn’t feel _______ though she lives _______. [单选题] *A. alone; lonelyB. alone; aloneC. lonely; lonelyD. lonely; alone(正确答案)5、—Do you know ______ box it is? —It is ______.（）[单选题] *A. who; myB. whose; meC. who; herD. whose; hers(正确答案)6、32．There are about __________ women doctors in this hospital. [单选题] * A．two hundred ofB．two hundreds ofC．two hundredsD．two hundred (正确答案)7、It took a long time to _______ Tom to go shopping with me. [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. persuade(正确答案)D. talk8、--The last bus has left. What should we do?--Let’s take a taxi. We have no other _______ now. [单选题] *A. choice(正确答案)B. reasonC. habitD. decision9、44．—Hi, Lucy. You ________ very beautiful in the new dress today.—Thank you very much. [单选题] *A．look(正确答案)B．watchC．look atD．see10、In the closet（）a pair of trousers his parents bought for his birthday. [单选题] *A. lyingB. lies(正确答案)c. lieD. is lain11、The teachers don't make us wear a school uniform and we can wear _____ we like. [单选题] *A. anyB. thatC. asD. what(正确答案)12、Julia’s on holiday in Shanghai _______. [单选题] *A. in a momentB. after a momentC. at the moment(正确答案)D. at any moment13、_______ win the competition, he practiced a lot. [单选题] *A. BecauseB. In order to(正确答案)C. Thanks toD. In addition to14、The manager was quite satisfied with his job. [单选题] *A. 担心的B. 满意的(正确答案)C. 高兴的D. 放心的15、There may be something wrong with her _______. She can’t see things clearly. [单选题] *A. eyes(正确答案)B. earsC. mouthD. nose16、Sam is going to have the party ______ Saturday evening. （）[单选题] *A. inB. on(正确答案)C. atD. to17、_________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. [单选题] *A.AlthoughB.WhileC.If(正确答案)D.Until18、36．The students will go to the Summer Palace if it __________ tomorrow. [单选题] * A．won’t rainB．isn’t rainingC．doesn’t rain (正确答案)D．isn’t rain19、There are about eight ______ students in my school.（）[单选题] *A. hundred(正确答案)B. hundredsC. hundred ofD. hundreds of20、—______ do you pay for it? —Over the Internet. （）[单选题] *A. WhatB. How muchC. How(正确答案)D. When21、We have _______ a double room with a bath for you in the hotel. [单选题] *A. boughtB. reserved(正确答案)C. madeD. taken22、Tom will _______ me a gift from Japan. [单选题] *A. takeB. getC. carryD. bring(正确答案)23、—Do you like to watch Hero?—Yes. I enjoy ______ action movies. （）[单选题] *A. watchB. watching(正确答案)C. to watchD. watches24、Could you please ______ why you can’t come to attend the meeting? [单选题] *A. explain(正确答案)B. understandC. giveD. reach25、The plane arrived at London airport _______ Wednesday morning. [单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. atC. inD. for26、97．Go ______ the square and you will find the theatre. [单选题] *A．aboveB．atC．across(正确答案)D．on27、--What’s the weather like today?--It’s _______. [单选题] *A. rainB. windy(正确答案)C. sunD. wind28、Experts are making an investigation on the spot. They want to find a way to（）the tower. [单选题] *A. Restore(正确答案)B. resumeC. recoverD. reunite29、It was _____ that the policy of reform and opening up came into being in China. [单选题] *A. in the 1970s(正确答案)B. in 1970sC. in the 1970s'D. in 1970's30、11．________ big furniture shop it is! [单选题] *A．HowB．WhatC．What a (正确答案)D．What an。
临床常见疾病医学英语文献阅读
临床常见疾病医学英语文献阅读一、疾病概述在医学领域中，临床常见疾病是指各种在临床实践中经常遇到的疾病，包括但不限于感冒、糖尿病、高血压、心脏病、癌症等。
这些疾病对患者的生活和健康造成严重影响，因此对这些疾病的研究和治疗一直是医学研究的重点。
二、英语文献阅读的重要性1.获取最新研究成果：随着医学研究的不断发展，新的疾病治疗方法和医学技术不断涌现。
通过阅读英语文献，医生和研究人员可以第一时间获取最新的研究成果，及时了解行业动态。
2.学习专业知识：英语文献中包含大量的专业术语和研究方法，医生和研究人员可以通过阅读文献了解最新的医学进展和疾病治疗方法，从而提升自身的专业知识水平。
3.促进国际合作：医学是一个国际性的学科，国际间医学研究人员之间的合作十分重要。
通过阅读英语文献，可以促进国际合作，共同开展对临床常见疾病的研究和治疗。
三、如何正确阅读英语文献1.选择合适的文献：在阅读英语文献时，首先需要选择与自己研究领域相关的文献，避免浪费时间阅读无关的文献。
可以通过PubMed等专业数据库进行检索，筛选出符合自己需求的文献进行阅读。
2.抓住重点：阅读英语文献时，要抓住文献的重点和亮点，了解作者的研究重点和结论，不必深究细节，以节省时间。
3.注重方法和实验设计：在阅读疾病治疗相关的文献时，需要特别关注研究方法和实验设计，了解研究的可靠性和可行性。
同时也要留意研究结果和结论，理性分析研究的价值和意义。
四、如何提高英语文献阅读能力1.积累词汇量：医学英语是一门专业性较强的英语，在阅读英语文献时需要具备一定的医学英语词汇量。
可以通过大量的阅读和记忆来增加词汇量。
2.多练习翻译：阅读英语文献时，经常会遇到一些生词和短语，需要通过翻译来更好地理解文献内容。
3.理性分析：在阅读医学文献时，需要保持理性，不被文献中片面或夸大的观点所影响，要善于辨别真假，提高自己的批判性思维。
五、结语通过正确的阅读英语文献，医生和研究人员可以及时了解最新的医学进展，提高自身的专业知识水平，为临床常见疾病的治疗和研究做出贡献。
医学英语课程简介
医学英语课程简介
医学英语课程旨在帮助医学专业学生提高他们的英语技能和医学专业术语的理解。
课程内容包括医学英语的听说读写技巧、医疗报告和病历的写作、与患者和医疗团队的沟通、医学文献的阅读和理解，以及医学会议和研究报告的演讲技巧。
课程的教学方法包括教师授课、小组讨论、角色扮演和案例分析。
学生将通过课堂讨论和实践活动培养他们的英语口语表达和听力技能，并通过阅读和写作练习提高他们的英语阅读和写作能力。
此外，课程还注重培养学生的医学专业知识和跨文化交流能力，以满足他们未来的医学实践需求。
该课程适用于医学本科生和研究生，以及对医学英语感兴趣的其他专业学生。
通过完成该课程，学生将具备使用英语进行医学交流和文献阅读的能力，为他们的医学学习和实践打下坚实基础。
医学英语文献阅读-2022年学习资料
Brachiocephalic artery-Lelt common carotid artery-Pul onic valve-Left subclavian artery-Superior vena cavaortic arch-Pulmonary artery-Right pulmonary-Left pulm nary-artery branches-Ascending-aorta-veins-Left atriu -Aortic valve-Mitral-Right--bicuspid-Tricuspid-ventri le-Right ventricle-Inferior-Endocardium-Apex-Blood hi h in oxygen-Myocardium-Interventricular-Blood low in xygen-Epicardium-septum-FIGURE 9-2.The heart and grea vessels.Reprinted with permission from Cohen BJ,Wood DL.Memmler's The-Human Body in Health and Disease.9th Ed.Philadelphia:Lippincott williams wilkins,2000.
Frontal-Sagittal-Transverse-coronal-plane-horizontalIGURE 5-2.Planes of division.Reprinted with permissio from Cohen BJ,Wood DL.Memmler's The Human-Body in He lth and Disease.9th Ed.Philadelphia:Lippincott Willia s Wilkins,2000.
医学英语文献阅读二翻译
Unit OneText A： Hippocratic Oath, The Medical Ideal1.Perhaps the most enduring --- certainly the most quoted --- tradition in thehistory of medicine is the Hippocratic Oath. Named after the famous Greek physicianHippocrates, this oath was written as a guideline for the medical ethics of doctors.Although the exact words have changed over time, the general content is the same- an oath to respect those who have imparted their knowledge upon the science ofmedicine, and respect to the patients as well as the promise to treat them to thebest of the physicians' ability.或许在医学史上最持久的,被引用最多次的誓言就是”希波克拉底誓言”.这个以古希腊著名医师希波克拉底命名的誓言,被作为医师道德伦理的指导纲领.虽然随着时代的变迁,准确的文字已不可考,但誓言的主旨却始终如一——尊敬那些将毕生知识奉献于医学科学的人，尊重病人，尊重医师尽己所能治愈病人的承诺。
Who was Hippocrates, and Did he Write the Oath?2.For a man considered by many to be the 'Father of Medicine', little is known aboutHippocrates of Cos. He lived circa 460-380 BC, and was the contemporary of Socratesas well as a practising physician. He was certainly held to be the most famousphysician and teacher of medicine in his time. Over 60 treatises of medicine, calledthe Hippocratic Corpus have been attributed to him; however, these treatises hadconflicting contents and were written some time between 510 and 300 BC, and thereforecould not all have been written by him.作为被大家公认的”医学之父”,我们对希波克拉底知之甚少.他生活于约公元前460-380年,作为一名职业医师,与苏格拉底是同代人.在他的时代,他被推举为当时最著名的医师和医学教育者.收录了超过60篇论文的专著——希波克拉底文集,被归于他的名下;但是其中有些论文的内容主旨相冲突,并成文于公元前510-300年,所以不可能都是出自他之手.3.The Oath was named after Hippocrates, certainly, although its penmanship is stillin question. According to authorities in medical history, the contents of the oath suggest that it was penned during the 4th Century BC, whichmakes it possible that Hippocrates had himself written it. Anyway, regardless ofwhether or not Hippocrates himself had written the Hippocratic Oath, the contentsof the oath reflect his views on medical ethics.这个宣言是以希波克拉底命名的，虽然它的作者依然存在疑问。
如何提高学生的英语医学文献阅读能力
随 着 牟球 经 济 一 体 化 、 ＝ 医学 教 育 国 际化 ， 想 了解 国 外 医 学 要
学英语专业术语 的主要基础 ， 其词义 固定 、 概念 清楚 、 含义精确 ： 美国学者 Ｍａｉ ｅｌ ｎ在研究科技 英语教材 时 ， ｒ ｎ ａ ｍｍａ 曾对涉 及 ｌ ０ 个专业（ 包括 医学英语 ） ｌ 约 ４万字 的文献进行 了词汇分类统计 ， 发现科技专业 词汇 占 ２ ％一 １ 。这 类术语通 常 以派生 法和合 成
法 产 生 新 词 ， 生 应 掌 握 常 见 词 根 、 缀 和 后 缀 ：常 见 词 根 ， 学 前 例 如 ： ａｄ＞ 心 脏 ） ｇｓｒ 胃 ） ｖ （ 管 ） ｈｐ ｒ ｈｐｔ ｃｒｉ （ ｃ 、 ａｔ ￣（ ，ａ 血 、 ｅａ ｏ ｅａｃ ＞
进展， 就必须广泛阅读 大量 的医学文 献 医学生 阅读英语 医学 文献通常会遇到 学英语 业术语词汇障碍 、 略语 障碍 ， 缩 或者 是每个单词都认识但仍 解其意 ， 从而导致 阅凑障碍 ， 那么如何 克服以 Ｉ 难 ， 提高英语 医学 文献的阅读能力呢？
ｒｎ ｎ ｈ ｍ ． ｅ ｗｅ ｔ
如何提 高学生的英语医学文献 阅读 能力
朱 宏梅
（ 汉大 学 卫 生技 术 学院英语教 研 室 ， 北 武汉 江 湖 ４ ０ １） ３ ０ ６
摘要： 通过 清除医学英语 的词 汇障碍 ， 用语篇知识 ， 运 导入 阅读技巧等 方法， 讨提 高学生的阅读 英语 医学文献 的方法和技 探
民主 、 等 、 谐 的师 生 关 系可 以给 学 生提 供一 个愉 悦 宽 松 平 和 的学 习环 境 ， 学 生 的 学 习 产 生 积 极 地 影 响 。 在 教 学 中 我 们 发 对
ＮＲＨ ＥＴ ＥＩ Ｌ Ｄ Ｃ＇ Ｎ （ｔ２ ６ ｏ１ 。 ＯｒＷ Ｓ Ｉ Ａ ＵＡ、 ） ０ Ｖｌ４ ５ Ｉ Ｍ） Ｅ Ｃ Ｉ Ｉ Ｏ ｃ ０
医学英语文献阅读二上海交通大学课后题答案
医学英语文献阅读二上海交通大学课后题答案1、Mary _______ Math. [单选题] *A. is good at(正确答案)B. do well inC. is good forD. is good with2、The language school started a new（）to help young learners with reading and writing. [单选题] *A. course(正确答案)B. designC. eventD. progress3、The bookstore is far away. You’d better _______ the subway. [单选题] *A. sitB. take(正确答案)C. missD. get4、I repeated my question several times. [单选题] *A. 到达B. 惊奇C. 重复(正确答案)D. 返回5、____ father is a worker. [单选题] *A.Mike's and Mary'sB. Mike and Mary's(正确答案)C. Mike's and MaryD. Mike and Marys'6、The students in that university are not fewer than（）in our university. [单选题] *A. the oneB. thatC. themD. those(正确答案)7、--Mom, I will not eat fast food this year. Believe me.--If you make a _______, you must keep it. [单选题] *A. jokeB. noiseC. mistakeD. promise(正确答案)8、Reading（）the lines, I dare say that the government are more worried than they admitted. [单选题] *A. behindB. between(正确答案)C. alongD. among9、1——May I help you? You seem to be having some problems.——_______ , thanks. Ithink I can manage. [单选题] *A. All rightB. No problemC. It’s all right(正确答案)D. There’s no way10、You should take the medicine after you read the _______. [单选题] *A. linesB. wordsC. instructions(正确答案)D. suggestions11、（）of the twins was arrested because I saw them both at a party last night. [单选题] *A. NoneB. BothC. Neither(正确答案)D. All12、Now people can _______ with their friends far away by e-mail, cellphone or letter. [单选题] *A. keep onB. keep in touch(正确答案)C. keep upD. keep off13、He kept walking up and down, which was a sure（）that he was very worried. [单选题] *A. sign(正确答案)B. characterC. natureD. end14、The news is?_______. We are all _______ at it. [单选题] *A. exciting;?excited(正确答案)B. excited;?excitingC. exciting;?excitingD. excited;?excited15、35．Everyone in China ______ Mid-Autumn Day. [单选题] * A．likes(正确答案)B．likeC．is likingD．are like16、Guilin is _______ its beautiful scenery. [单选题] *A. famous for(正确答案)B. interested inC. fond ofD. careful with17、—______ Tom play the piano?—Yes, very well. （）[单选题] *A. Can(正确答案)B. MayC. MustD. Should18、Many children have to _______ their parents. [单选题] *A. divide intoB. put onC. depend on(正确答案)D. take on19、_____from far away, the 600-meter tower is stretching into the sky. [单选题] *A. SeeB. SeeingC. To seeD. Seen(正确答案)20、During the Spring Festival, people in Northern China usually eat _______ as a traditional Chinese food. [单选题] *A. pizzaB. dumplings(正确答案)C. hamburgersD. noodles21、This is not our house. lt belongs to _____. [单选题] *A. the Turners'B. the Turners(正确答案)C. Turner'sD. Turners22、Look! There are some boats ______ the river.（）[单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. overC. betweenD. in23、You are getting too old for football.You had better _____tennis instead. [单选题] *A.take up(正确答案)B.take inC.take forD.take over24、Boys and girls, _______ up your hands if you want to take part in the summer camp(夏令营)．[单选题] *A. puttingB. to putC. put(正确答案)D. puts25、( ). The old man enjoys ______ stamps. And now he has1300 of them [单选题] *A. collectB. collectedC. collecting(正确答案)D. to collect26、We have made a _______ tour plan to Sydney. [单选题] *A. two dayB. two daysC. two-day(正确答案)D. two-days27、2．The villagers want to have a bridge. Can this dream ________? [单选题] *A．come outB．get awayC．come true(正确答案)D．get out28、( ) Do you have any difficulty _____ these flowers？I’d like to help you if you need.[单选题] *A in planting(正确答案)B for plantingC with plantingD to plant29、The family will have _______ good time in Shanghai Disneyland. [单选题] *A. theB. a(正确答案)C. anD. /30、The traffic jams often happen in _______ hours. [单选题] *A. lunchB. workC. leisureD. rush(正确答案)。
医学英语文献阅读技巧
TetanusA man who was struck from behind by a sharp dart a little below the neck had a wound which did not look serious because it did not go deep. But sometime later when the point had been extracted the patient was seized with backward-bending convulsions like those of opisthotonus. His jaws were locked, and any liquid that he attempted to swallow was returned through his nostrils. He died on the second day.As of 2010 it caused about 61,000 deaths down from 272,000 in 1990. Tetanus –in particular, the neonatal form –remains a significant public health problem in non-industrialized countries with 59,000 newborns worldwide dying in 2008 as a result of neonatal tetanus.[19] In the United States, from 2000 through 2007 an average of 31 cases were reported per year.[3] Nearly all of the cases in the United States occur in unimmunized individuals or individuals who have allowedtheir inoculations to lapse. Tetanus is the only vaccine-preventable disease that is infectious but is not contagious.[ Lancet(柳叶刀)380 (9859): 2095–128]Tetanus is a common disease, with the progress of medicine, death caused by it has become less and less, but it does not go away. Tetanus is a medical condition characterized by a prolonged contraction of skeletal muscle fibers. The primary symptoms are caused by tetanospasmin, a neurotoxin produced bythe Gram-positive,rod-shaped,obligate anaerobic bacterium Clostridium tetanus.Infection generally occurs through wound contamination and often involves a cut or deep puncture wound. As the infection progresses, muscle spasms develop in the jaw (thus the name lockjaw) and elsewhere in the body. Infection can be prevented by proper immunization or post-exposure prophylaxis.Tetanus is caused by the tetanus bacterium Clostridium tetani. Tetanus is often associated with rust, especially rusty nails. Objects that accumulate rust are often found outdoors, or in places that harbor anaerobic bacteria, but the rust itself does not cause tetanus nor does it contain more C. titanic bacteria. The rough surface of rusty metal merely provides a prime habitat for C. tetani endosperms to reside in, and the nail affords a means to puncture skin and deliver endosperms deep within the body at the site of the wound.[医学微生物学]Tetanus Ab le tt classification:Mild: mild - moderate lockjaw; General spasticity; without difficulty breathing; without convulsions; no or mild dysphagia.Moderate: Moderate lockjaw; obvious spasm; mild - moderate but short convulsions; moderate difficulty breathing and respiratory rate> 30 beats / min; mild dysphagia. Severe: severe lockjaw; generalized spasticity; reflecting sustained convulsions; respiratory rate> 40 beats / min; severe difficulty breathing; severe dysphagia; tachycardia> 120 beats / min.Very serious: three self-discipline and a strong cardiovascular system instability; severe hypertension and tachycardia and hypotension and bradycardia alternately; any form persistent.[医学微生物学]The clinical manifestations are usually classified into three forms:1. Localized tetanus presents with spasm near the site of the injury, usually in an extremity. The fatality rate is 1 percent or less.2. Generalized tetanus, the more common form, is marked by the classic truisms (lockjaw), fixed grin(risus sardonicus), and backward arching of the trunk (opisthotonos). Tonic seizures of the muscle groups occur in spasms, lead to rigidity, and are very painful. They may be precipitated by any stimulus. Pneumonia may follow respiratory muscle involvement or laryngeal spasm with aspiration. Cardiovascular disturbances are common,especially vasoconstriction and a labile blood pressure. Severe spasms may cause vertebral fractures.The course of this form, in survivors, is from1 to 2 weeks.[ The Cambridge World History of Human Disease]3. Cephalic tetanus, an uncommon form of the disease,follows facial wounds, involves the facialnerves, and may be followed by generalized tetanus.4. Neonatal tetanus following infection of the umbilical cord (discussed in the next chapter) usually begins by the third to tenth day after birth, and then progresses to generalized tetanus.It is report ed that mortality of severe tetanus is 15% ~40% . In recent years; along with foreign in severe injury Wind the progress on the treatment, the mortality rate is at the moment gradually declining. Should be carried out to the patients with severe tetanus into the intensive care unit and therefore shall require the surgeon must have good SICU basis and relevant theory. Its treatment is various, in addition to the well-known wound treatment, antibiotics, prevent tetanic convulsion toxin absorption. Besides, it still need to correct the self-discipline which is not stable, trachea cut open, no depolarizing agent application, mechanical ventilation, enterable nutrition support. Hold, maintain water and electrolyte acid-base balance, control of lung Dye and prevention of thromboembolism, and also need to strengthen the sputum suction And the skin and oral care, prevent bedsore and regurgitation Critical onset of the severe tetanus, easy out early Respiratory complications, such as choking, atelectasis and pulmonary feeling Dye, has a high mortality rate if not handled in time, so the comprehensive protection Richard also plays a key role in the treatment.[ 临床外科杂志 2008年 7月第 16卷第 7期JClinSurg, July 2008,Vo.l 16, No. 7]Unlike many infectious diseases, recovery from naturally acquired tetanus does not usually result in immunity to tetanus. This is due to the extreme potency of the tetanospasmin toxin; even a lethal dose of tetanospasmin is insufficient to provoke an immune response.Tetanus can be prevented by vaccination with tetanustoxoid.The CDC recommends that adults receive a booster vaccine every ten years,[ "CDC Features - Tetanus: Make Sure You and Your Child Are Fully Immunized". Retrieved 2010-08-30]and standard care practice in many places is to give the booster to any patient with a puncture wound who is uncertain of when he or she was last vaccinated, or if he or she has had fewer than three lifetime doses of the vaccine. The booster may not prevent a potentially fatal case of tetanus from the current wound, however, as it can take up to two weeks for tetanus antibodies to form.In children under the age of seven, the tetanus vaccine is often administered as a combined vaccine, DPT/DTaP vaccine, which also includes vaccines againstdiphtheria and pertussis. For adults and children over seven, the Td vaccine (tetanus and diphtheria) or Tdap (tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis) is commonly used.[ Uganda: Nation Free of Maternal And Neonatal Tetanus, Unicef Reports". Retrieved 2011-07-14.]The World Health Organisation certifies countries as having eliminated maternal or neonatal tetanus. Certification requires at least two years of rates of less than 1 case per 1000 live births. In 1998 in Uganda, 3,433 tetanus cases were recorded in newborn babies; of these, 2,403 died. After a major public health effort, Uganda in 2011 was certified as having eliminated tetanus.徐老师您辛苦了，非常谢谢您！《医学基础英语文献阅读技巧》对于医学生来说是大有裨益的，上完本课之后相信大部分同学都受益良多，它不仅仅是一门英语课程，更是一门对医学生而言非常重要也有必要了解的文献阅读课程。
医用英语医学文献翻译4（缺5,9整理版）
医⽤英语医学⽂献翻译4（缺5,9整理版）UNIT 1 TEXT B刷⽛，使⽤⽛线，以及每年2次的⽛齿检查是⼝腔卫⽣保健标准，但是保护你珍珠样洁⽩的⽛齿的好处远⽐我们知道的还要多。
在⼀篇评论⽂章中，塔夫茨⼤学⽛科医学院的⼀个教员破除了常见的⽛科神话，并概述了饮⾷和营养如何影响⼉童，青少年，孕妇，成年⼈和⽼年⼈的⼝腔健康。
误区1：⼝腔卫⽣的不良后果是限制嘴巴准妈妈也许不知道她们所吃的⾷物会影响到胎⼉的⽛齿发育。
在怀孕过程中的营养缺乏也许会使未出⽣的孩⼦在今后的⽣活中更容易出现蛀⽛。
“在14周到4个⽉⼤的时候，缺乏钙，维⽣素D，维⽣素A，蛋⽩质和卡路⾥会导致⼝腔软组织缺损，” Carole Palmer说。
Carole Palmer是，教育学博⼠(EdD)，注册营养师(RD)，塔夫茨⼤学教授，公共健康和社会服务系营养和⼝腔健康推进部的负责⼈。
有数据表明缺乏⾜够的维⽣素B6和B12可能是导致患唇裂和阻碍味觉形成的危险因素。
在童年的时候，最普遍的疾病是蛀⽛，⼤约⽐⼉童哮喘⾼五倍。
“如果⼀个⼉童因为蛀⽛⽽嘴巴受伤，他/她在学校会⽐较难集中注意⼒，⽽且会更喜欢吃容易咀嚼的⾷物，这些⾷物含有的营养往往更少些。
甜甜圈和点⼼这样的⾷物⼤多营养品质低下，含糖量⾼于其他需要咀嚼的富含营养的⾷物，⽐如⽔果和蔬菜，” Palmer说。
“⼝腔并发症与不良的饮⾷习惯会造成认知和⽣长发育问题，以及导致肥胖。
”误区2：吃越多糖，越容易蛀⽛这与你吃了多少糖⽆关，⽽是糖和⽛齿接触的时间有多少。
“⾷物，⽐如慢慢溶解的糖果和苏打⽔在嘴巴⾥停留的时间会⽐较久。
这增加了⽛齿暴露在⼝腔细菌由糖产⽣成的酸中的时间，” Palmer说。
有研究表明，⼗⼏岁的青少年⼤约40%的碳⽔化合物是由软饮料中摄取的。
这些源源不断地软饮料增加了⽛齿腐烂的风险。
⽆糖碳酸饮料和酸性饮料，⽐如柠檬⽔，往往被认为⽐含糖饮料对⽛齿更安全，但是经常⾷⽤的话仍会造成⽛齿釉质脱矿。
学术英语医学Unit1-3-7-9课文翻译
学术英语unit1,unit3,unit4,unit9课文翻译 Unit 1 Text A神经过载与千头万绪的医生患者经常抱怨自己的医生不会聆听他们的诉说。
虽然可能会有那么几个医生确实充耳不闻，但是大多数医生通情达理，还是能够感同身受的人。
我就纳闷为什么即使这些医生似乎成为批评的牺牲品。
我常常想这个问题的成因是不是就是医生所受的神经过载。
有时我感觉像变戏法，大脑千头万绪，事无巨细，不能挂一漏万。
如果病人冷不丁提个要求，即使所提要求十分中肯，也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团，就像井然有序同时演出三台节目的大马戏场突然间崩塌了一样。
有一天，我算过一次常规就诊过程中我脑子里有多少想法在翻腾，试图据此弄清楚为了完满完成一项工作，一个医生的脑海机灵转动，需要处理多少个细节。
奥索里奥夫人 56 岁，是我的病人。
她有点超重。
她的糖尿病和高血压一直控制良好，恰到好处。
她的胆固醇偏高，但并没有服用任何药物。
她锻炼不够多，最后一次 DEXA 骨密度检测显示她的骨质变得有点疏松。
尽管她一直没有爽约，按时看病，并能按时做血液化验，但是她形容自己的生活还有压力。
总的说来，她健康良好，在医疗实践中很可能被描述为一个普通患者，并非过于复杂。
以下是整个 20 分钟看病的过程中我脑海中闪过的念头。
她做了血液化验，这是好事。
血糖好点了。
胆固醇不是很好。
可能需要考虑开始服用他汀类药物。
她的肝酶正常吗？她的体重有点增加。
我需要和她谈谈每天吃五种蔬果、每天步行 30 分钟的事。
糖尿病：她早上的血糖水平和晚上的比对结果如何？她最近是否和营养师谈过？她是否看过眼科医生？足科医生呢？她的血压还好，但不是很好。
我是不是应该再加一种降血压的药？药片多了是否让她困惑？更好地控制血压的益处和她可能什么药都不吃带来的风险孰重孰轻？骨密度 DEXA 扫描显示她的骨质有点疏松。
我是否应该让她服用二磷酸盐，因为这可以预防骨质疏松症？而我现在又要给她加一种药丸，而这种药需要详细说明。
医学英语美文阅读咖啡是否是一种健康饮料
医学英语美文阅读：咖啡是否是一种健康饮料Coffee as a Health Drink? Studies Find Some Benefits咖啡是否是一种健康饮料?Coffee is not usually thought of as health food， but a number of recent studies suggest that it can be a highly beneficial drink. Researchers have found strong evidence that coffee reduces the risk of several serious ailments， including diabetes， heart disease and cirrhosis of the liver.咖啡通常都不被看作一种健康饮料，但是近来一些研究表明咖啡可能是一种十分有益的饮料。
研究人员已经在找到可靠的证据证实，咖啡可以降低许多严重疾病的患病风险，其中包括了糖尿病、心脏病和肝硬化。
Among them is a systematic review of studies published last year in The Journal of the American Medical Association， which concluded that habitual coffee consumption was consistently associated with a lowerrisk of Type 2 diabetes. Exactly why is not known， but the authors offered several explanations.在所有的报告中有一篇去年刊登在美国医学会期刊上系统的研究报告。
报告推断，习惯性的饮用咖啡可以一直降低Ⅱ型糖尿病的患病机率。
学术英语(医学)-Unit
Choose appropriate academic English (medical)
textbooks
Select texts that align with learning objectives
Look for books that focus on the language and concepts relevant to the medical field.
Oral expression skills in medical reports
准确描述病情
能够用口头方式准确描述患者的 病情、症状和体征，为医生提供
全面的患者信息。
清晰解释治疗方案
能够用口头方式清晰解释治疗方案、 手术过程和药物使用等方面的信息。
流利汇报检查结果
能够流利地汇报检查结果，包括实 验室检查、影像学检查和病理检查 结果等。
04
了解国际医学研究动态 和趋势，拓展学术视野 和知识储备。
02
Vocabulary and Expression of Academic English (Medical)
Learning and Accumulation of Medical Vocabulary
总结词
积累专业词汇
详细描述
医学英语中有很多专业术语，如拉丁语、希腊语等，需要 理解这些术语的含义和用法。可以通过查阅词典、学习专 业术语表等方式加深对专业术语的理解。
Abstract
A concise summary of the article, including objectives, methods, results, and conclusions.
Introduction
Describes
《基础医学英语》课件
医学文献的文体特点
理解文章结构
在阅读医学文献时，需要理解文章的结构，特别是标题、摘要和引言等部分。这些部分通常包含了文章的主要观点和研究背景等信息。
对比不同文献
阅读多篇医学文献时，需要对比不同文献的观点和研究方法，以获得更全面和深入的理解。
笔记整理
阅读医学文献需要做好笔记整理，记录重要的观点、数据和研究方法等信息，以便后续复习和引用。
医学文献中通常包含了很多图表和数据，需要仔细阅读以理解其中的含义和相关性。
阅读完医学文献后，需要对文献进行评价和总结，分析其优点和不足之处，以及在实践中的应用价值。
阅读医学文献的步骤和策略
阅读标题和摘要
仔细阅读图表
总结和评价
通读全文
医学英语写作
03
清晰准确
01
医学英语写作必须清晰准确地表达思想和概念，避免使用歧义或模棱两可的语言。
医学英语词汇学习方法
医学文献阅读
02
专业化术语
医学文献中使用了大量的专业化和术语，包括医学和生物学术语，这些术语具有特定的含义和用法。
科学性和客观性
医学文献以科学实验和数据为依据，具有很强的客观性和科学性。语言表述上通常采用被动语态和复杂句型，以强调客观性和准确性。
结构化的写作风格
医学文献通常采用结构化的写作风格，包括标题、摘要、引言、方法、结果和讨论等部分。
医学论文摘要写作规范
结构完整
摘要应包括研究目的、方法、结果和结论等主要部分，确保信息的完整性。
突出重点
摘要应突出研究的核心内容和创新点，强调研究的重要性和价值。
精炼简洁
摘要应遵循精炼简洁的原则，用最少的文字准确传达信息。
THANK YOU.
谢谢您的观看
医学英语写作
医学英文摘要写作How to write a medical English abstract第一章概述一、摘要的定义、用途、和长度二、摘要的内容三、摘要的类型四、摘要的写作格式五、摘要写作的注意事项What is an abstract?An abstract is a brief summary of the most important points in a scientific paper.摘要是作者研究过程、研究目的、研究方法和研究结果的简要陈述和概括。
Purposes for AbstractsAbstracts typically serve five main goals:Help readers decide if they should read an entire articleHelp readers and researchers remember key findings on a topicHelp readers understand a text by acting as a pre-reading outline of key points Index articles for quick recovery and cross-referencingAllow supervisors to review technical work without becoming bogged down in details二、摘要的内容Contents1. Title2. Name of the author3. Unit of the author/address4. Text of the abstract5. Keywords1）目的2）方法3）结果4）结果的分析、比较、评价以及应用，提出的问题以及建议5）其他三、摘要的类型1. descriptive abstract ——描述性摘要2. informative abstract——资料性摘要3. descriptive-informative abstract——描述-资料性摘要1. Non-structured abstract （非结构式摘要）2. Structured abstract （结构式摘要）full-structuredsemi-structured1.描述性摘要Descriptive Abstract/ Indicative AbstractThe descriptive abstracts tell what topics are taken up in the paper. They contain indicative information on purpose, scope, or methodology in the original documents, but mention little or nothing about details of results, conclusions or recommendations. The advantages of a descriptive abstract are that it is easy to write and is usually short; a serious disadvantage is that it contains little information.一般只用两三句话概括论文或报道的主题，而不涉及具体的数据和结论，通常用于综述、会议报告等。
《生物医学英文文献导读》spoc教学模式研究与实践
《生物医学英文文献导读》SPOC 教学模式研究与实践摘要：《生物医学英文文献导读》是一门面向医科大学新入学硕士的公共选修课，课程目标是帮助学生掌握文献阅读的策略、技巧及方法，教学过程中运用小规模限制性在线课程（Small Private Online Course ，SPOC ）的模式，给临床医学专业型硕士的学习带来了便利，而从实践过程中总结出的经验和改进方案，为后续SPOC 教学模式的完善和推广提供了依据。
关键词：教学模式；SPOC ；生物医学英文文献导读；临床医学专业型硕士中图分类号：G642.0文献标志码：A文章编号：1674-9324（2019）51-0123-02收稿日期：2019-01-24基金项目：江苏省2014年度研究生教育教学改革研究与实践课题（JGLX14071）；南京医科大学“十三五”教育研究课题（YB2017038）；2018年江苏省研究生教育教学改革重大课题（JGZD18_012）；南京医科大学研究生教育教学改革课题SPOC 专项（SPOCZD201902）第一作者：邱竞帆，蔡磊。
通讯作者：季旻珺。
《生物医学英文文献导读》是一门面向医学专业新入学硕士研究生的公共选修课，主要介绍生物医学英文文献阅读的策略、技巧及方法，目的是提升临床专业学生的文献阅读能力。
随着临床医学研究生教育体制改革的不断深化，2014年教育部等六部门提出了《关于医教协同深化临床医学人才培养改革的意见》，要求逐步扩大临床医学硕士专业学位研究生招生规模，同时规定专业型硕士研究生除了完成学位培养计划，还需参加住院医师规范化培训[1]。
以上改革虽为我国临床医学研究生的培养带来机遇，但在一定程度上也造成了专业型研究生人数多、培养期内学习任务重、基础课程时间紧、教师资源紧缺等传统教学无法解决的问题。
《生物医学英文文献导读》针对专业型研究生的授课也面临这一问题。
大规模在线开放课程（Massive Open Online Course ，MOOC ）是基于现代网络技术发展起来的新兴课程形式[2]。
《医学英语文献选读2》阅读测试6未完成
《医学英语文献选读2》阅读测试6 At 18， Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the 20th century. Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that left her without a functioning immune system (the “bubble-boy disease，” named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for years in a sterile plastic tent)， she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very source， in the genes of her white blood cells. It worked. Although her last gene-therapy treatment was in 1992， she is completely healthy with normal immune function， according to one of the doctors who treated her， W. French Anderson of the University of Southern California. Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hemophilia to cancer by replacing mutant genes with normal ones. And the dreaming may continue for decades more. “There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease，”Anderson says，“within 50 years.”It's not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Anderson's early success. The National Institutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend $432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005， and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that don't cause human disease. “The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse，” says Ronald Crystal of New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College. “The cargo is the gene.”At the University of Pennsylvania's Abramson Cancer Center，immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Cornell University， researchers are pursuing gene-based therapies for Parkinson's disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys children's brain cells. At Stanford University and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia，researchers are trying to figure out how to help patients with hemophilia who today must inject themselves with expensive clotting drugs for life. Animal experiments have shown great promise.But somehow， things get lost in the translation from laboratory to patient. In human trials of the hemophilia treatment， patients show a response at first， but it fades over time. And the field has still not recovered from the setback it suffered in 1999， when Jesse Gelsinger， an18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder， died after receiving an experimental gene therapy at the University of Pennsylvania. Some experts worry that the field will be tarnished further if the next people to benefit are not patients but athletes seeking an edge. This summer， researchers at the Salk Institute in San Diego said they had created a “marathon mouse” by implanting a gene that enhances running ability; already， officials at the World Anti-Doping Agency are preparing to test athletes for signs of “gene doping.” But the principle is the same， whether you're trying to help a healthy runner run faster or allow a muscular-dystrophy patient to walk. “Everybody recognizes that gene therapy is a very goodidea，” says Crystal. “And eventually it's going to work.”1. The case of Ashanthi Desilva is mentioned in the text to ____________.[A] show the promise of gene-therapy[B] give an example of modern treatment for fatal diseases[C] introduce the achievement of Anderson and his team[D] explain how gene-based treatment works2. Anderson‘s early success has ________________.[A] greatly speeded the development of medicine[B] brought no immediate progress in the research of gene-therapy[C] promised a cure to every disease[D] made him a national hero3. Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Ashanthi needs to receive gene-therapy treatment constantly.[B] Despite the huge funding， gene researches have shown few promises.[C] Therapeutic genes are carried by harmless viruses.[D] Gene-doping is encouraged by world agencies to help athletes get better scores.4. The word “tarnish” (line 5， paragraph 4) most probably means ____________.[A] affect[B] warn[C] trouble[D] stain5. From the text we can see that the author seems___________.[A] optimistic[B] pessimistic[C] troubled[D] uncertain答案：A B C D A。
《临床常见疾病：医学英语文献阅读》读书笔记模板
Section Five: Cancer第五部分恶性肿瘤
66. Breast Cancer乳腺癌 67. Esophagus Cancer食管癌 68. Liver Cancer肝癌 69. Stomach Cancer胃癌 70. Colorectal Cancer结直肠癌 71. Lung Cancer肺癌 72. Cervical Cancer宫颈癌 73. Ovarian Cancer卵巢癌 74. Bladder Cancer膀胱癌
A good relaxation during commuting hours。
比较基础的医学科普文。
This is a collection of patient leaflets explaining common diseases in layman's terms (except for infectious disease and ophthalmology). I recommend converting the measurements, such as inches into centimetres and Fahrenheit into Celsius, as well as avoiding the use of 911 as the service number for emergencies. Thorough proofreading is necessary before publication in case of a second version since numerous errors were made in spelling or using lookalike words.。
84. Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnoea Syndrome (OSAHS)阻塞性睡眠 呼吸暂停低通气综合征
全国医学英语水平考试
全国医学英语水平考试
全国医学英语水平考试是由国家卫生健康委人才交流服务中心
和中国教育国际交流协会联合举办，面向我国医药卫生人才的全国性专业英语考试。
考试分为四个级别：一级、二级、三级、四级。
考试目的是评估考生在医学英语方面的实际应用能力，并为考生在医学领域的进一步发展提供依据。
考试内容包括医学文献阅读、医学英语写作、医学听说等。
考试形式为笔试和口试，每年举行一次或两次考试，具体时间根据实际情况而定。
考生可以通过全国医学英语水平考试官网或相关机构报名参加
考试。
报名时需要填写个人信息、上传照片、选择考试级别和地点等。
考生需要按照考试要求携带有效身份证件、准考证和考试用品参加考试。
全国医学英语水平考试的成绩评定采用百分制，总分为100分。
考生成绩在60分及以上者为合格，可以获得相应的证书。
成绩不合格的考生可以再次报名参加考试。
全国医学英语水平考试证书是考生实际应用能力的证明，可以为考生的职业发展提供帮助。
同时，该证书也可以作为医疗机构、医学教育和科研机构评价医护人员英语水平的依据之一。
如需了解更多关于全国医学英语水平考试的信息，建议查阅官方网站或相关机构。
医学专业英语考试
医学专业英语考试医学专业英语考试是医学专业学生必须经历的一项重要考试。
在医学领域，国际交流与合作日益增多，因此具备良好的英语能力对于医学专业学生而言至关重要。
本文将从考试内容、备考方法以及重要性三个方面进行论述。
一、考试内容医学专业英语考试主要涉及医学相关词汇、科技文献阅读、病例分析等内容。
考试形式一般包括听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分。
考生需要熟悉并掌握医学领域的专业术语，能够准确理解和运用。
同时，阅读和写作能力也是考试重点之一，要求考生具备较强的语言表达和文献阅读能力。
二、备考方法1. 扩充词汇量：医学英语涉及大量的专业词汇，因此考生可以通过背单词和阅读医学相关文献来扩充词汇量。
2. 积累常见表达：通过阅读医学文献和听力训练，学习常见的医学表达方式，熟悉科技文献的结构和写作风格。
3. 刷题和模拟考试：通过参加医学英语模拟考试和刷题，了解考试内容和形式，提高答题速度和准确性。
4. 听力训练：通过听医学讲座、听力材料以及参加听力训练班，提高对医学英语的听力理解和应对能力。
5. 写作练习：通过写医学论文或者病例分析练习，提高英语写作能力和逻辑思维能力。
三、重要性掌握医学专业英语对于医学专业学生具有重要的意义。
首先，医学研究是全球性的，掌握英语能力可以帮助学生更好地了解最新的医学前沿、学术交流与合作。
其次，医学英语是进修与深造的基础，很多重要的医学资料和研究成果都是用英语写的，只有具备流利的英语读写能力，才能更好地掌握这些信息。
此外，在国际交流中，英语沟通是必不可少的，掌握医学英语可以增加表达自己想法和交流的机会。
综上所述，医学专业英语考试是医学专业学生必须面对的考试之一。
考生应该通过扩充词汇量、模拟考试和刷题、听力训练以及写作练习等方法进行备考。
掌握医学专业英语对医学专业学生而言至关重要，可以拓宽视野，加强学术交流与合作，提高个人竞争力。
因此，医学专业学生应该重视医学专业英语考试的学习和准备。