Chap_5_Protein_Structure_C[1]
河南省信阳高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中综合测试英语试题
河南省信阳高级中学2021-2022学年高一下学期期中综合测试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、单项选择1．The“HAPPY TO CHA T”benches help ________the invisible social barrier(障碍)that keeps people from saying hello.A．break out B．break intoC．break down D．break off2．Last month，an earthquake _______ six on Richter scale happened in the northern part of Indonesia.A．measured B．to measure C．to be measured D．measuring 3．It is my belief that we will find a cure ________cancer in the next ten years.A．with B．toC．of D．for4．He cast her an ________glance.A．admired B．admiringC．admirable D．admiration5．The Scientist from whom the government heard the bad news never ________when he was in trouble.A．lost heart B．lost his heartC．lost mind D．lost his mind6．________the shelter of the parents, many children are too dependent.A．In B．UnderC．On D．Below7．He ________ damages of $300 last week.A．was rewardedB．was rewarded withC．was awardedD．was awarded with8．Two survivors were cut free after ________for twenty minutes.A．trapped B．TrappingC．being trapped D．to be trapped9．John, ________ money is no problem, still leads a simple life.A．for whose B．of whoseC．of whom D．for whom10．I will never forget such a beautiful village ________I spent my childhood with my grandparents.A．That B．whichC．as D．where11．I was the first Western TV reporter ________to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation.A．permitting B．to permitC．to be permitted D．permitted12．He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ________at a hotel for the night.A．putting up B．putting awayC．putting on D．putting out13．The parents were shocked by the news that their son needed an operation ________his knee.A．for B．onC．to D．with14．I really don’t know where it was that I had my money ________.A．stolen B．being stolenC．stealing D．to steal15．This is the only one of the best novels that ________published last year.A．is B．areC．was D．were16．Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ______something she would regret later.A．had said B．said C．might say D．might have said 17．—Look at those clouds!—Don’t worry. ________it rains, we’ll still have a great time.A．Even if B．As thoughC．In case D．If only18．The man pulled out a gold watch，________were made of small diamonds.A．the hands of whom B．whom he hands ofC．which the hands of D．of which the hands19．At the foot of the mountain ________a village which is small and quiet.A．is lied B．liesC．is lay D．lying20．The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds on which ________his arguments in favour of the new theory.A．are based B．are basingC．based D．to base二、用单词的适当形式完成句子21．In August, they began to make_________(prepare) for the conference. (所给词的适当形式填空)22．_________(basic)speaking, many languages have Latin as their base. (所给词的适当形式填空)23．There’s tension and_________(anxious) from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. (所给词的适当形式填空)24．Cars allowed, but parking is_________(limit). (所给词的适当形式填空)25．This is some information on the space_________(explore) from the past, present, and future. (所给词的适当形式填空)26．The Chinese economy has grown at a_________(remark) rate, averaging almost 10 percent every year. (所给词的适当形式填空)27．If you plan to keep your friendships, you must practise honesty, _________(generous) and understanding. (所给词的适当形式填空)三、根据汉语意思填写单词28．His_________(消失) has been the subject of intensive investigation.(根据汉语提示单词拼写)29．It’s not polite to_________(打断讲话) when someone is talking. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)30．We are aware of the_________(潜在的)problems and have taken every precaution(预防). (根据汉语提示单词拼写)四、阅读理解Bermuda, the island known for its pink-sand beaches, blue .waters, and year-round warm weather, has been announced the Official Sponsor of the U.S.Open.It's a fitting collaboration (协作), given the island's reputation as a destination for travelers in search of perfect adventures 一just a ninety-minute flight from New York City.Lesser known, however, is that the long history of American tennis was introduced by this attractive Atlantic island.Nearly a hundred and fifty years ago, the New York celebrity Mary Ewing Outerbridge sailed for days to vacation on this quiet island.She watched, fascinated, as some British soldiers stationed there played tennis, although a' version different from one we know today.The courts in Bermuda were shaped like hourglasses, the net was also higher, and a number of the rules were different.Mary became fascinated watching the ball flying back and forth, and ended up purchasing a kit containing all the materials needed to bring the sport home to Staten ing a hand-drawn diagram, she laid out a court at her brother's cricket club, where the sport caught on among members.From there, the game's popularity quickly grew, leading to standardized rules and regulations--and then, in 1880, to the first U.S.tennis championship.In only a few years, Mary' s unexpected souvenir from her Bermuda trip helped set a national tradition: today, nearly eighteen million people in the US play the sport, from the public-tennis-court games in many cities to the annual U.S.Open, in NYC．Mary s role in bringing tennis from Bermuda to America has earned her a place in the International Tennis Hall of Fame.It only serves to enhance the sport's appeal to learn that every swing of the racket in the US can be trace back to Bermuda, where island adventures still wait for all travelers--tennis lovers included.You' re welcome!31．What can we learn about Bermuda?A．It is distant from New York City.B．It is friendly to adventure seekers.C．It is unfit to sponsor the U.S.Open..D．It is better known for being the origin of tennis.32．Which of the following is Mary's contribution to American tennis?A．She held the first U.S.tennis championship.B．She made the game become world famous.C．She designed the first tennis court in the US.D．She set standard rules and regulations of the game.33．What is the real purpose of this passage?A．To introduce the founder of American tennis.B．To introduce the history of American tennis.C．To attract more people to enjoy the sport.D．To attract more people to tour Bermuda.Growing up in a Jamaican-American household, food was an important part of my childhood. I remember my grandmother preparing fried dumplings and curry mutton, jazz music playing in the background. Food was our greatest treasure. Food brought the family together. Food celebrated new beginnings and eased the wounds of life’s untimely endings.When I was 8, I was diagnosed with a muscle disease, which caused me to spend most of my childhood in hospital rooms and wheelchairs, slowly gaining weight by swallowing prednisone (肾上腺皮质激素) hidden inside mint chocolate chip ice cream. My mom made it her duty to help me lose the weight through strict dieting. I’ve tried every single one. In fairness, my mother did the best she could. As a single mom, she felt this brought us closer. However, as an adult, I began to experience a paralyzing fear of food. My “I’ll start a new diet on Monday” mind-set lasted for 16 years as I uncontrollably ate and abused my body. I was worried that I was not attractive enough. So obsessed and afraid no one would hire me as an actress if I didn’t win the battle with the numbers on the scale, in February 2011 I attempted suicide and landed in the hospital for multiple days.We do extreme things to our bodies because of those numbers. Numbers that cannot talk with us or love us. I have had to stop judging my belly, stop starving myself, stop getting on the scale and staring at those numbers. I have come to the realization that my life is more important than those numbers on the scale and that the quality of the life I live is more important than how I look in the mirror.34．What role did food play in author’s childhood?A．It healed her physical wounds.B．It strengthened the family bond.C．It was a source of family income.D．It marked the end of someone’s life.35．What made the mother feel closer to her daughter?A．Making cooking her daily duty.B．Limiting the author to a strict diet.C．Raising the author as a single mom.D．Preparing healthy food for the author.36．What was the immediate cause of the authors’ attempted suicide?A．Her worsening health state.B．Her anxiety about unemployment.C．Her intense hatred for food.D．Her losing the fight with her disease.37．How does the author feel about her weight now?A．Nervous.B．Satisfied.C．Disgusted.D．Unconcerned.Vegans are persons who don’t eat meat, fish, eggs, dairy, and other animal products from their diet. The average parent who is not a vegan often is concerned when their child decides to become vegans, wanting their personal physician to talk their child out of it. Will their child get enough nutrition(营养) being a vegan? Don’t kids have to eat meat to get enough protein(蛋白质) in their diet?Although not for everybody, a vegan diet does indeed have many health benefits, and if well planned, it can be a healthy diet for kids. One shouldn’t be crazy when talking about possible health benefits of being a vegan, though. Evidence doesn’t suggest that kids raised on a vegan diet are sick less often than other kids. Not all vegetarian foods are healthy—some are high in sugar, saturated fat(饱和脂肪), or cholesterol(胆固醇).The vegan diet is typically low in cholesterol and saturated fat and is high in fiber and may lead to a lower risk of heart disease, high blood pressure and other diseases.These health benefits led Dr. Benjamin Spock to recommend a strict vegan diet for all children over the age of 2 years, which advised that children shouldn’t be given productsmade from milk after they are two years old and that they can get plenty of protein and other nutrition from vegetables, beans, and other plant foods that avoid the fat and cholesterol that are in animal products.Dr. Spock’s advice created a lot of arguments. It’s not because experts questioned the health benefits of a vegan diet, but they thought that parents might not take enough time and effort to plan a vegan diet that included enough nutrients to ensure the best growth in their children.38．What is the characteristic of a vegan diet?A．It’s a diet without animal products.B．It’s a diet of being rich in cholesterol. C．It’s a diet of being rich in fat.D．It’s a diet of being low in meat. 39．What is Dr. Spock’ suggestion about the diet?A．Parents need less time to prepare meals for children.B．The vegan diet is widely accepted by most parents.C．Children over 2 years old should avoid vegetable fat.D．Children over 2 years old shouldn’t eat animal products.40．What is introduced in the last paragraph?A．The origin of a strict vegan diet.B．The effort to make a nutritious diet. C．The difficulty of planning a strict vegan diet.D．The details of ensuring enough nutrients for children.41．What is the suitable title of the text?A．How to avoid the fat from the diet.B．Health benefits of vegan diets for kids. C．The shortcoming of eating meat for kids.D．How to create more nutrients for childrenIsraeli company Watergen has produced an appliance that can generate clean,drinkable water out of air. The device,called GENNY, is small enough to be used in a home or office but can generate up to 30 liters of water a day.GENNY takes air in and passes through a filter(过滤器)to remove dust and dirt. The filter is powerful enough to work with high air pollution. The air is directed through GENius,a heating and cooling process which causes water in the air to condense(凝结).This water is then passed through several more filters and minerals are added to improve the flavor of the water. Finally, the water is stored in a tank where it is continually circulated to keep it fresh. Therefore,the water produced by GENNY is often of a higher quality than waterrunning through filtration systems attached to the city's water lines.The technology of GENius is much better than other technologies that generate water from air. It produces four to five times more water per kilowatt-hour.Watergen has other products that use this same technology on a larger scale, the largest of which can produce up to 5,000 liters of water per day.As an added bonus,during the water generation process, GENNY can emit clean air which is healthier for people to breathe.At the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas, GENNY was named the Energy Efficient Product of the Year. The award series recognize the world's top high-tech home products.Last year,Watergen's large-scale products were donated to authorities in Brazil,Vietnam and India. They also assisted rescue and recovery efforts during the 2018 California wildfires and provided clean,safe water for the residents of Texas and Florida in the aftermath of the devastation caused by hurricanes Harvey and Irma.Watergen also seeks to help protect the environment by reducing waste generated by plastic water bottles. People are called upon to put the water from GEENY into reusable bottles so that plastic ones don't get used and thrown away.42．What does GENNY accomplish by adding minerals to the water?A．It keeps the water fresh.B．It helps kill harmful bacteria.C．It satisfies local water regulations.D．It makes the water taste better.43．Which of the following can best describe GENius?A．Energy-efficient.B．Cost-saving.C．Time-saving.D．Environment-friendly.44．What does the underlined word "emit" in paragraph 4 probably mean?A．Cut down.B．Blow away.C．Give off.D．Use up. 45．What can Watergen do using its large scale products?A．Consume plastic waste.B．Respond to natural disasters.C．Test water quality globally.D．Relieve drought in some countries.五、七选五How to Care for a Pet FishTaking care of a pet is a big responsibility, so you should make sure you learn all about your pet before bringing it home.____46____ That's because fish can give them a good idea of whether or not they'll be able to take care of a more complicated (复杂的) pet later on.First, choose what types of fish. ____47____ They are easier to raise and give you enough experience to take care of fish and their tanks (水箱). Some kinds of fish do not get along with others, so you'll need to choose what kinds to buy.Next, make sure you have all of the necessary supplies. Fish need a fish tank. Make sure it is big enough for the number of fish. Fish tanks need a light and some machines to keep the water clean and at a comfortable temperature.____48____Now you can set up your aquarium (水族馆). Wash sand and decorations (装饰物) clean and fill the bottom of the tank with them. ____49____ Follow the instructions on the heater to heat up the water to the temperature your fish will need. Make sure your light is ready to go, too!____50____ The pet store keeper can teach you how to make your fish get comfortable before you put them into your aquarium. Once the fish are in the tank, you have to watch them closely to make sure they don't get sick. Feed them in small amounts a few times a day. You will have to change some of the water at least once a week.A．Then, fill the tank with water.B．You are ready to pick up your fish.C．Many kids have fish as their first pet.D．You need some beautiful tanks to change.E．Be sure to get food for your fish as well.F．Freshwater fish are the best fish to start with.G．Save up your money for fish tank decorations.六、完形填空I read this story shared by Michelle, who recently passed away:"One morning when I was little, my father took me to the fishing dock.But____51____fishing, we just sat on one ____52____watching the other children fishing with their parents. An hour went by and we left without ever____53____ a single fishing line into the water.On the____54____ home, I told my father I would never ____55____ him for being so mean to me. He asked smilingly,"Did you see the smiles on those children's faces?''I don't really ____56____! I just want to fish like them!' I responded angrily, but he ____57____my words and kept driving.Such experiences repeated throughout my childhood and my father never____58____why. But actually he didn't need to. Years later, when I found myself volunteering at a local homeless____59____, I suddenly realized that those ______60______ spent sitting on that dock was the very point ______61______ I learned how to love."Michelle's last story makes me think...Honestly, too often we overlook ______62______ and rarely stop. Because we never learn that every passing face represents a story. Everyone has ______63______ something that has forced them to ______64______, adapt and grow. Everyone's smile has been earned. Their issues are______65______as significant and worthwhile as ______66______we're going through.Pausing occasionally to______67______people around us will open our mind.______68______in their happiness will open our heart. If choosing to spend time pausing instead of bypassing quickly—to truly ______69______and listen, we can learn so much… about ourselves, about each other, and even about real ______70______.51．A．instead of B．regardless of C．clue to D．thanks to 52．A．beach B．boat C．dock D．deck 53．A．sinking B．pulling C．carrying D．casting 54．A．cycle B．walking C．drive D．running 55．A．blame B．forgive C．repay D．praise 56．A．care B．remember C．request D．know 57．A．repeated B．ignored C．marked D．doubted 58．A．understood B．wondered C．asked D．explained 59．A．garden B．hospital C．family D．shelter60．A．mornings B．fortunes C．weeks D．donations 61．A．where B．why C．which D．what 62．A．drivers B．passersby C．fishermen D．parents 63．A．left out B．picked up C．gone through D．given up 64．A．succeed B．struggle C．destroy D．produce 65．A．merely B．roughly C．hardly D．equally 66．A．however B．whenever C．whatever D．whoever 67．A．evaluate B．appreciate C．motivate D．promote 68．A．Sharing B．Breaking C．Believing D．Taking 69．A．refuse B．regret C．witness D．apologize 70．A．fish B．desire C．smile D．Jove七、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Getting+Started+Reading+A 高中英语上外版(2020)必修第三册
doing yoga
playing basketball
Read the title and the rubric Find out “what is the purpose of the writing?”
What do you expect to read in the body part of the passage after reading Para1? How many kinds of healthy
...
be more fun make friends
Get enough sleep
important for staying healthy need enough sleep
eg. 8 to 10 hours of sleep/night for kids aged between 13 and 18
take control of how much and what type of food you eat and the beverages you drink eg. fruits, vegetables, whole-grains, low-fat protein foods...
be physically active for at least 60 mins/day, 3 days/week. eg. routine activities, fitness apps
Read for detailed information
Read the four kinds of recommended healthy lifestyles ( Para 2--Para 5) and finish Ex III
Reading and highlighting the key information
华东师范大学成人高等教育学位英语考试真题
华东师范大学成人高等教育学位英语考试真题全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1华东师范大学成人高等教育学位英语考试真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 marks)Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question, there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.1. A) He doesn't like fish.B) He doesn't like beef.C) He doesn't like pork.D) He doesn't like chicken.2. A) In a bank.B) In a hotel.C) In a hospital.D) In a post office.3. A) Go shopping together.B) Wait for the woman.C) Drop the woman off.D) Leave by bus.4. A) At a canteen.B) In a bookstore.C) In a library.D) At a restaurant.5. A) Organizers of a party.B) Acquaintances.C) Parents.D) Old schoolmates.6. A) She will make a phone call.B) She will talk on the phone.C) She will wash her raincoat.D) She will fix the roof.7. A) By air.B) By sea.C) By train.D) By bus.8. A) The man plays tennis.B) The woman has no time.C) The woman doesn't play tennis anymore.D) The man has never played tennis.9. A) He didn't buy the tickets.B) He lost the tickets.C) He gave the tickets to the woman.D) He hasn't printed the tickets.10. A) They are going to take a trip.B) They arranged to meet at his house.C) They are going to wash his car.D) They will play table tennis.Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage 1How does the woman feel about the meeting?A. Excited.B. Satisfied.C. Disappointed.D. Annoyed.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) 50 minutes.B) 60 minutes.C) 70 minutes.D) 80 minutes.13. A) She got lost.B) Her car broke down.C) It was raining heavily.D) There was a big accident.14. A) She will call Mr. Smith.B) She will wait for Mr. Smith.C) She will have some coffee.D) She will go to a restaurant.15. A) Go straight.B) Turn left at the corner.C) Turn right at the corner.D) Take the first left after the corner.Passage 2What did the woman decide about the homework?A. It's a waste of time.B. It should be done together.C. It should be handed in on Friday.D. It's better to do it in the afternoon.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. A) Chemistry.B) History.C) Biology.D) Physics.17. A) In the library.B) At home.C) In the cafeteria.D) In the classroom.18. A) By Thursday.B) By Wednesday.C) By Friday.D) By Tuesday.Passage 3Why did the woman decide to buy her son a computer?A. For his birthday.B. To help him study.C. To play games.D. To communicate with his friends.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. A) At school.B) In a shop.C) On the way home.D) On the internet.20. A) To do homework.B) To play games.C) To chat with friends.D) To write emails.21. A) Basic design programs.B) Elementary computer skills.C) Some basic typing skills.D) Basic computer maintenance.Part II Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Section A Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the following passage.Environmental Protection AgencyThe EPA is the government agency most responsible for the protection of the environment. In 1970, the EPA was created by Congress under President Richard Nixon. The EPA enforces environmental laws and regulations, sets environmental standards, provides funding for research, and monitors the quality of the nation’s air, water, and land.The primary goal of the EPA is to protect human health and the environment. The agency works to reduce the risksassociated with environmental accidents and natural disasters. The EPA also responds to environmental emergencies such as oil spills, floods, and terrorist attacks.The goals of the EPA include:Reducing greenhouse gas emissions.Protecting the ozone layer.Cleaning up hazardous waste sites.Protecting wildlife and biodiversity.Ensuring safe drinking water.22. The EPA was established under the presidency of _____.A. Richard Nixon.B. George Washington.C. Abraham Lincoln.D. John F. Kennedy.23. What does the EPA do in response to environmental emergencies?A. Increase greenhouse gas emissions.B. Ignore hazardous waste sites.C. Protect wildlife and biodiversity.D. Respond to oil spills and floods.24. Which of the following is NOT a goal of the EPA?A. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions.B. Protecting the ozone layer.C. Monitoring air quality.D. Cleaning up hazardous waste sites.25. What is the primary goal of the EPA?A. Protecting human health and the environment.B. Promoting industrial growth.C. Increasing greenhouse gas emissions.D. Ignoring natural disasters.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.Shopping OnlineShopping online is a popular way to buy goods and services without leaving your home. It is convenient and time-saving, allowing you to compare prices and products from differentretailers. Many people prefer to shop online because it offers a wider selection of goods and the ability to shop 24/7.To shop online, you need a computer or mobile device with internet access. You can browse various online stores, read product descriptions, and make purchases with a credit card or electronic payment system. Online shoppers can track their orders and receive delivery updates via email or text message.When shopping online, it's important to be careful and protect your personal information. Make sure you're using a secure website, and be wary of sharing sensitive data such as your credit card number or social security number. Always check the return policy for online purchases and keep records of your transactions.26. Why do many people prefer to shop online?A. It is time-consuming.B. It offers a limited selection of goods.C. It provides delivery updates.D. It allows comparisons and 24/7 shopping.27. What do online shoppers need to make purchases?A. A credit card.B. A computer.C. Internet access.D. A mobile device.28. What is the best way to protect your personal information when shopping online?A. Share your credit card number.B. Avoid using a secure website.C. Keep records of your transactions.D. Be cautious with sensitive data.29. What can online shoppers track after making a purchase?A. Personal information.B. Product descriptions.C. Delivery updates.D. Return policies.30. What is important to check before making an online purchase?A. The product description.B. The return policy.C. The secure website.D. The delivery updates.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Healthy EatingA healthy diet is essential for maintaining good health and preventing diseases. Eating a variety of foods from all food groups can provide essential nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, protein, and carbohydrates. It's important to balance your diet with the right amount of fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, and dairy products.Many health experts recommend the Mediterranean diet for its emphasis on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and olive oil. This diet is associated with a lower risk of heart disease, diabetes, and certain types of cancer. The Mediterranean diet also includes moderate amounts of red wine and regular physical activity.To maintain a healthy diet, it's important to limit the intake of processed foods, sugary drinks, and high-fat snacks. Instead, choose whole foods such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, and lean proteins. Pay attention to portion sizes and listen to your body's hunger cues to prevent overeating.31. What is important for maintaining good health and preventing diseases?A. Eating fast food.B. Balancing a diet.C. Consuming sugary drinks.D. Limiting physical activity.32. What is the Mediterranean diet known for?A. Emphasizing high-fat snacks.B. Including processed foods.C. Lowering the risk of heart disease.D. Proposing large portion sizes.33. What should be limited in a healthy diet?A. Whole foods.B. Lean proteins.C. Portion sizes.D. Processed foods.34. What is recommended for preventing overeating?A. Eating high-fat snacks.B. Choosing sugary drinks.C. Paying attention to portion sizes.D. Limiting physical activity.35. Why is a healthy diet essential?A. To promote overeating.B. To maintain good health.C. To consume processed foods.D. To prevent physical activity.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Traveling SafelyTraveling can be an enjoyable experience, but it's important to stay safe and prepared during your journey. Whether you're traveling domestically or internationally, there are several precautions you can take to protect yourself and your belongings.Before you travel, make sure you have all necessary documents such as a passport, visa, and travel insurance. Research your destination and check for any travel advisories or restrictions. Pack essentials such as medications, toiletries, and clothing appropriate for the weather.While traveling, stay alert and aware of your surroundings. Keep your valuables secure and avoid displaying expensive items such as jewelry or electronics. Be cautious when using public transportation or walking in unfamiliar areas. Stay connected with family or friends and inform them of your travel plans.In case of emergencies, have a plan in place for communication and evacuation. Be prepared for unexpected events such as natural disasters, medical emergencies, or political unrest. Stay informed about local customs and laws, and respect the culture and traditions of the places you visit.36. What should travelers research before their journey?A. Travel insurance.B. The weather.C. Local customs and laws.D. Essential documents.37. What should travelers avoid displaying while traveling?A. Valuables.B. Jewelry.C. Electronics.D. Clothing.38. How can travelers stay connected with family and friends?A. Pack essential items.B. Stay alert.C. Respect local customs.D. Inform them of travel plans.39. What should travelers be prepared for during their journey?A. Political unrest.B. Natural disasters.C. Medical emergencies.D. All of the above.40. What is important for travelers to respect when visiting new places?A. The weather.B. Cultural traditions.C. Medical emergencies.D. Travel advisories.Section B Directions: There are 4 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 41 to 45 are based on the following passage.Social MediaSocial media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have become an integral part of our daily lives. They offer an interactive way to connect with friends, share updates, and discover new content. However, excessive use of socialmedia can have negative effects on mental health andwell-being.Studies have shown that spending too much time on social media can lead to feelings of loneliness, anxiety, and depression. Social media users may compare themselves to others, experience cyberbullying, or have difficulty disconnecting from online interactions. It's important to set boundaries and prioritize real-life relationships over virtual connections.To maintain a healthy balance, limit your time on social media and focus on activities that promote well-being. Engage in hobbies, exercise, spend time outdoors, or connect with loved ones face-to-face. Be mindful of the content you consume online and unfollow accounts that make you feel inadequate or unhappy.41. What have social media platforms become in our daily lives?A. A distraction.B. A necessity.C. A burden.D. A tradition.42. What can excessive use of social media lead to?A. Loneliness and depression.B. Increased well-being.C. Positive interactions.D. Strong friendships.43. How can social media users promote mental health and well-being?A. Compare themselves to others.B. Engage in online interactions.C. Set boundaries and prioritize real-life relationships.D. Limit time on social media.44. What should social media users do to maintain a healthy balance?A. Spend more time online.B. Disconnect from real-life relationships.C. Engage with negative content.D. Focus on activities that promote well-being.45. What should social media users be mindful of online?A. Feeling inadequate.B. Comparing themselves to others.C. Engaging in hobbies.D. Connecting with loved ones.Passage TwoQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Climate ChangeClimate change is a global issue that affects the planet's ecosystems, weather patterns, and natural resources. It is caused by human activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial processes that release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Climate change has led to rising temperatures, extreme weather events, and sea-level rise.To address climate change, nations must work together to reduce carbon emissions, protect natural habitats, and promote sustainable practices. Individuals can contribute to the fight against climate change by conserving energy, reducing waste, and adopting green technologies. Education and awareness are key to understanding the impacts of climate change and taking action to mitigate its effects.The effects of climate change can be seen in melting glaciers, disappearing species, and more frequent natural disasters. It is essential to protect the environment and preserve biodiversity for future generations. By acting now to combat climate change, we can create a sustainable world for all living organisms.46. What causes climate change?A. Industrial processes.B. Conservation efforts.C. Sustainable practices.D. Burning fossil fuels.47. What can individuals do to contribute to the fight against climate change?A. Conserve energy.B. Increase waste.C. Adopt green technologies.D. Release greenhouse gases.48. What is key to understanding the impacts of climate change?A. Conserving energy.B. Promoting sustainable practices.C. Education and awareness.D. Reducing carbon emissions.49. Where can the effects of climate change be seen?A. Melting glaciers.B. Rising temperatures.C. Green technologies.D. Limited resources.50. Why is it important to act now to combat climate change?A. To preserve biodiversity.B. To protect natural habitats.C. To create a sustainable world.D. To release greenhouse gases.Passage ThreeQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Work-Life BalanceMaintaining a healthy work-life balance is essential for physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Balancing work responsibilities with personal life can reduce stress, prevent burnout, and improve overall quality of life. It's important to prioritize self-care, set boundaries, and make time for relaxation and leisure activities.Achieving work-life balance requires effective time management and communication skills. It may involve setting clear goals, delegating tasks, and scheduling regular breaks throughout the day. By creating a routine that includes work, family, hobbies, and relaxation, individuals can enhance their productivity and happiness.Many companies are recognizing the importance ofwork-life balance and offering flexible work arrangements, remote work options, and wellness programs for employees. Employers can promote a healthy work environment by encouraging work-life balance, providing support services, and fostering a positive company culture.To maintain work-life balance, individuals should create a supportive network of friends, family, and colleagues. Seek help when needed, prioritize self-care, and make time for activitiesthat bring joy and fulfillment. Remember that work is just one aspect of life, and personal well-being should always come first.51. What can maintaining a healthy work-life balance reduce?A. Productivity.B. Happiness.C. Stress.D. Burnout.52. What is important for achieving work-life balance?A. Effective time management.B. Constant communication.C. Setting clear goals.D. Ignoring self-care.53. How can individuals enhance their productivity and happiness?A. Delegating tasks.B. Scheduling regular breaks.C. Setting clear goals.D. Creating a routine.54. How are many companies recognizing the importance of work-life balance?A. Outsourcing tasks.B. Offering wellness programs.C. Ignoring flexible work arrangements.D. Providing limited support services.55. What can individuals do to maintain work-life balance?A. Prioritize work.B. Seek help when needed.C. Avoid relaxation activities.D. Focus on self-care.Passage FourQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Digital TechnologyDigital technology has revolutionized the way we live, work, and communicate. It encompasses a wide range of electronic devices, software applications, and online platforms that simplifytasks, connect people, and access information. From smartphones and tablets to social media and cloud computing, digital technology has transformed every aspect of modern society.Advances in digital technology have led to increased efficiency, productivity, and connectivity in various industries. Businesses use digital tools for marketing, sales, customer service, and data analysis. Education institutions integrate technology into classrooms to enhance learning experiences and engage students in interactive lessons.Digital technology also enables remote work, online shopping, virtual meetings, and e-learning opportunities. It provides access to global markets, communication channels, and information resources. With the rise of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and automation, digital technology is shaping the future of work and innovation.To navigate the digital age, individuals must embrace technology, adapt to new trends, and develop digital literacy skills. This includes understanding how to use digital tools, protect personal data, and evaluate online information. By staying informed and up-to-date with technology, individuals can harness its benefits and篇2华东师范大学成人高等教育学位英语考试真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 points)Section A (4 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 4 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear 2 or 3 questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.Passage 11. A) She has forgotten it.B) She cannot find it.C) She has not yet finished it.D) She plans to mail it tomorrow.2. A) A movie.B) A play.C) A concert.D) A game.Passage 23. A) The man and woman are moving.B) The man and woman are not satisfied with their apartment.C) The man is moving, but the woman is not.D) Neither the man nor the woman is moving.4. A) It is too small.B) It is too expensive.C) It is too old.D) It is too far from her office.Passage 35. A) At a police station.B) On the street.C) In a hospital.D) In a restaurant.6. A) He was robbed.B) He was attacked.C) He was hit by a car.D) He was caught in a fire.Passage 47. A) In a greeting card.B) In a letter.C) In a diary.D) At a meeting.8. A) She regrets turning down Harper's invitation.B) She plans to spend a quiet evening at home.C) She wonders if Harper is going to marry the girl who impressed him.D) She doubts if Harper's girlfriend is interested in poetry.Section B (6 points)Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage,you will hear 3 or 4 questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken onlyonce. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with asingle line through the centre.Passage 19. A) He is in high spirits.B) He is discussing a problem with Gio Gonzalez.C) He is preparing for a game.D) He is getting for a trip to Cleveland.10. A) It is raining.B) It is freezing.C) It is windy.D) It is snowing.篇3East China Normal University Adult Higher Education Degree English ExaminationReading ComprehensionPart A1. According to the passage, what is the main focus of the healthcare system in the United States?A. Providing affordable healthcare for all citizensB. Ensuring high-quality healthcare servicesC. Promoting preventive care and healthy livingD. Offering a wide range of healthcare options2. What does the author suggest are some of the challenges facing the US healthcare system?A. Limited access to healthcare servicesB. Rising healthcare costsC. Lack of government regulationD. Poor quality of care in rural areas3. In the passage, what is the main reason for the high cost of healthcare in the United States?A. Overuse of medical servicesB. Administrative costsC. Technological advancementsD. Pharmaceutical expenses4. What can be inferred about the Affordable Care Act from the passage?A. It has successfully reduced healthcare costs in the United StatesB. It has increased access to healthcare for low-income individualsC. It has been met with widespread criticism and oppositionD. It has improved the quality of healthcare services in rural areas5. According to the passage, what is the main goal of the Accountable Care Organizations?A. Reducing healthcare costs through improved efficiencyB. Expanding access to healthcare services in underserved communitiesC. Providing comprehensive care for patients with chronic conditionsD. Enhancing the quality and safety of healthcare services6. Which of the following statements is supported by the information in the passage?A. The US healthcare system is considered the best in the worldB. The US spends less on healthcare per capita than other developed countriesC. The US lags behind other countries in terms of healthcare outcomesD. The US government plays a minimal role in regulating healthcare servicesParagraph Completion1. According to the passage, the main reason for the high cost of healthcare in the United States is the __________.2. The Affordable Care Act was designed to improve access to healthcare for __________ individuals.3. The Accountable Care Organizations aim to reduce healthcare costs through improved __________.4. The challenges facing the US healthcare system include rising __________ and limited access to care in rural areas.5. In order to address these challenges, the US government has implemented policies to promote __________ care and reduce unnecessary medical expenses.Vocabulary Questions1. The term "preventive care" in the passage most closely means:A. Emergency treatmentB. Scheduled check-upsC. Long-term careD. Terminal care2. The phrase "underserved communities" in the passage most likely refers to:A. Wealthy neighborhoodsB. Uninhabited areasC. Low-income areasD. Urban centers3. The word "comprehensive" in the passage is best defined as:A. LimitedB. BasicC. HolisticD. Superficial4. The term "chronic conditions" in the passage most closely means:A. Temporary illnessesB. Acute illnessesC. Long-term diseasesD. Terminal diseases5. The word "efficiency" in the passage is best described as:A. IneffectivenessB. WastefulnessC. ProductivenessD. SluggishnessTranslationTranslate the following passage from Chinese to English:中国的社会保障体系非常完善，为所有公民提供了基本的医疗保险和养老金。
高中英语上教版必修第三册Unit3ThewayweareDWriting课后练习、课时练习
一、根据首字母填写单词(单词拼写)1. Some interviewers would ask unexpected questions to see how the interviewee r__________ to them. (根据首字母单词拼写)2. The school newspaper has set up a new c________, in which readers can exchange their views about the hot topics on campus. （根据首字母单词拼写）3. The doctors decided to run some more tests on the blood s________. (根据首字母单词拼写)二、根据汉语意思填写单词(单词拼写)4. What headers would you give for ________ (专栏；柱子) A to D? (根据汉语提示单词拼写)5. I always read the famous writer’s________ (专栏) in the local paper. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)6. The interviews were given to a random________(样本，样品) of students. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)三、根据中英文提示填写单词(单词拼写)7. You can rely on it that he knows how to r________ (做出反应) to a challenge. (根据中英文提示填空)四、完成句子8. 我们品尝了六种不同的茶，还吃了多味南瓜子。
We________ ________ ________ ________and ate multi-flavored pumpkin seeds.五、根据所给汉语提示填空9. Once you________(体验过乡村生活的乐趣), you will not want to live in the city. （根据汉语提示完成句子）六、汉译英（单词/短语）(翻译)10. 汉译英1. ________ vi. 伤害，使受伤；损害→ ________ n.伤，损害→________ adj.受伤的2. ________n.反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→________ v.反应，回应3. ________ adj. 有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的→________n. 次序, 命令, 规则 v. 命令；定购；指挥；叫4. ________n. 宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→________ vt.减轻，解除，救济5. ________ n. 震惊，惊愕vt. 使震惊，使惊愕→________ adj. 震惊的→________ adj. 令人震惊的6. ________ vt. 使恐惧，惊吓→________ adj. 使人惊恐的，吓人的→________ adj. 惊慌的，吓坏的7. ________n.电，电力；力量→________ adj.强大的；有力的→________ adj.无力的；没有能力的8. ________ vt. 捐赠，赠送；献（血）→________ n.捐赠，赠送；献（血）七、汉译英（整句）(翻译)11. 如果你能请高年级的学生来给我们指导一下如何保持取得进步的信心，以及如何在意外事件中做出恰当的反应，我将不胜感激。
【高中生物】新研究找到调节饱腹感和体重的基因开关
【高中生物】新研究找到调节饱腹感和体重的基因开关
我们到底为什么会变胖？而减肥为什么会这么困难？
最近来自德国的科学家们发现了一个调节体重和摄食的新分子，他们发现组蛋白去乙
酰化酶5（HDAC5）对瘦素（leptin）信号途径具有显著影响，而leptin在调节饱腹感以
及机体应对食物的适应性变化方面具有关键作用。
文章作者这样表示：“HDAC5是脂肪组织与脑部食欲调节区域之间交流的重要联系。
”初步试验已经表明下丘脑部位HDAC5的蛋白合成及活性会受到高脂饮食刺激而出现增加，
高脂饮食会导致脂肪堆积同时调节饱腹感的激素leptin也会增加。
HDAC5就像位于脑部的一个分子开关帮助机体辨别脂肪组织到底已经“塞”得有多满。
如果没有HDAC5，机体就
对无法对进食进行适应性调节也无法控制脂肪堆积。
该信号途径紊乱会导致肥胖发生。
这项研究表明，不能合成HDAC5的小鼠对leptin的应答情况也会显著下降??这种情
况也叫做leptin抵抗。
研究人员发现这种小鼠会持续进食，与对照小鼠相比，缺少HDAC5的小鼠更易发生肥胖。
靶向激活HDAC5则会逆转这种情况，这种方法能够帮助肥胖小鼠减
少脂肪减轻体重。
文章作者指出，重建leptin的敏感性是维持体重下降，拮抗肥胖并发症如2型糖尿
病的重要一步，除了饮食和运动的改变，对leptin信号途径具有调节作用的各个分子或
在将来成为药物靶点，推动减肥事业的进行，而他们发现的HDAC5就是其中的一个重要分子。
但他们仍然表示未来还需要许多研究进一步探讨该分子是否适合成为人类肥胖治疗的
药物靶点。
感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
高中英语新课标人教必修3单词(英译汉、汉译英)
Unit 11、take place __________2、beauty n. __________3、harvest n. & vt. & vi.__________4、celebration n. __________5、hunter n. __________6、starve vi. & vt. __________7、origin n. __________8、religious adj__________9、△seasonal adj. __________10、ancestor n. __________11、Obon n. __________12、grave n. __________13、incense n. __________14、in memory of __________15、Mexico n. __________16、feast n. __________17、△skull n. __________18、bone n. __________19、△Halloween n. __________20、belief n. __________21、dress up __________22、trick n. vt. __________23、play a trick on __________24、poet n. __________25、△Columbus Day __________26、arrival n. ； __________27、ChristopherColumbus__________28、gain vt__________29、independence n. __________30、independent adj. __________31、gather vt. & vi.&n__________.32、agriculture n. __________33、agricultural adj. __________34、award n.vt. __________35、△produce n. __________36、rooster n. __________37、admire vt. __________ 38、energetic adj. __________39、look forward to __________40、△carnival n. __________41、△lunar adj. __________42、Easter n. __________43、△parade n. __________44、day and night __________45、clothing n. __________46、Christian n. adj. __________47、Jesus n. __________48、cherry n. __________49、blossom n.vt. __________50、as though __________51、have fun with __________52、custom __________53、worldwide adj. __________54、△ rosebud n. __________55、fool n.vt.； adj. __________56、necessity n. __________57、permission n. __________58、prediction n. __________59、fashion n. __________60、Trinidad n. __________61、Carla n. __________62、Hari n. __________63、parking n. __________64、parking lot __________65、△Valentine’s Day； __________66、turn up __________67、keep one’s word __________68、hold one’s breath __________69、apologize vi. __________70、drown vt. & vi. __________71、sadness n. __________72、obvious adj. __________73、wipe vt. __________74、weave vt. & vi. (wove, woven)__________75、herd n. __________76、the Milky Way __________78、weep vi.(wept, wept)n.__________79、△announcer n. __________80、set off __________81、remind vt. __________82、 remind … of …__________83、forgive vt.(forgave, forgiven)__________Unit 21、Diet n.vi. __________2、spaghetti n. __________3、nut n. __________4、muscle n. __________5、protective adj. __________6、bean n. __________7、pea n. __________8、cucumber n. __________9、eggplant n. __________10、pepper n. __________11、mushroom n. __________12、peach n. __________13、loemn __________14、balance vt.n. __________15、balanced diet __________16、barbecue vt. & n. __________17、mutton n. __________18、△kebab n. __________19、roast adj.vt.& vi.__________20、stir vt. __________21、fry vt. & vi. __________22、stir-fry vt. __________23、ought v. aux. __________24、ought to __________ 26、cola n. __________27、sugary adj. __________28、sign n. __________29、lose weight __________30、slim vi.adj. __________31、curiosity n. __________32、hostess n. __________33、raw adj. __________34、vinegar n. __________35、get away with __________36、lie n.vi. __________37、tell a lie __________38、customer n. __________39、discount n. __________40、win … back __________41、weakness n. __________42、strength n. __________43、consult vt. __________44、fibre n. __________45、digest vi.& n. __________46、△poisonous adj. __________47、carrot n. __________48、△scurvy n. __________49、△rickets n. __________50、△obesity n. __________51、△vitamin n. __________52、△protein n. __________53、earn one’s living __________54、debt n. __________55、in debt __________56、glare vi. __________57、spy vi. & vt.n. __________58、spy on __________59、limit vt.n. __________60、limited adj. __________61、benefit n. __________62、vt. & vi. __________63、breast n. __________64、garlic n. __________66、bine vt. & vi. __________67、cut down __________68、before long __________69、put on weight __________70、△cooperation n. __________71、△ingredient n. __________72、△flavour n. __________Unit 31、Mark Twain__________2、birthplace n. __________3、△Florida n. __________4、bring up__________5、△Hannibal n. __________6、△Missouri n. __________7、△Mississippi n. __________8、novel n adj. __________9、△boyhood n. __________10、adventure n. __________11、△Tom Sawyer n. __________12、△Huckleberry Finn__________ 14、△fathom n. __________15、author n. __________16、△Samuel LanghorneClemens__________17、scene n. __________18、△narrator n. __________19、△Roderick n. __________20、△Oliver n. __________21、△bet n.vt. & vt. __________22、△make a bet __________23、△penniless adj. __________24、wander vi. __________25、pavement n. __________26、businessman n. __________27、permit vt. & vi.n. __________28、ahead adv. __________29、go ahead __________30、by accident __________31、bay n. __________32、stare vi. __________33、stare at __________34、△nightfall n. __________35、fault n. __________36、spot vt.n. __________37、passage n. __________38、△unpaid adj. __________39、account vi. & vt.n__________.40、account for __________41、embassy n. __________42、seek vt & vi.(sought, sought)__________43、patience n. __________44、contrary n.adj. __________45、on the contrary __________46、△charity n. __________47、envelope n. __________48、unbelievable adj. __________49、△Horace n. __________50、steak n. __________51、pineapple n. __________52、dessert n. __________53、amount n. __________54、take a chance __________55、rude adj. __________56、manner n. __________57、scream vi.n. __________58、genuine adj. __________59、△issue vt.& vi.发行__________60、△fake n. __________61、rag n. __________62、in rags __________63、indeed adv. __________64、as for __________65、bow vi. & n. __________66、barber n. __________ Unit 41、astronomy n. __________2、△astronomer n. __________3、△solar adj. __________4、system n. __________5、solar system __________6、religion n. __________7、theory n. __________8、△Big Bang __________9、atom n. __________10、billion pron.& n. &adj__________.11、globe n. __________12、global adj. __________13、△violent adj. __________14、in time __________15、carbon n. __________16、△nitrogen n. __________17、△vapour n. __________18、atmosphere n. __________19、unlike prep. __________20、fundamental adj. __________21、△presence n. __________22、△dissolve vt.& vi.__________23、harmful adj__________.24、acid n. __________25、chain n. __________26、△reaction n. __________27、multiply vi. & vt. __________28、oxygen n. __________29、△shellfish n. __________30、△amphibian n. __________31、△reptile n. __________32、lay eggs __________33、△dinosaur n. __________34、exist vi. __________35、△mammal n. __________36、give birth to __________37、thus adv. __________38、in one’s turn __________39、 dioxide n. __________ 40、 carbon dioxide __________ 41、 prevent ... from __________ 42、 puzzle n. vt. & vi. __________ 43、 biology n. __________ 44、 biologist n. __________ 45、 gravity n. __________ 46、 satellite n. __________ 47、 gentle adj. __________ 48、 △geologist n. __________ 49、 physicist n. __________ 50、 block out__________ 51、 △extinct adj. __________ 52、 climate n. __________ 53、 △et n. __________ 54、 crash vi. & vt. __________ 55、 △Isaac Newton__________ 56、 Albert Einstein__________ 57、 △Stephen Hawking __________ 58、 spaceship n. __________ 59、 pull n. & vt __________. 60、 △lessen vi. & vt. 61、 cheer up 62、 float vi. & vt. n. 63、 △weightlessly adv. 64、 △cabin n. 65、 mass n. 66、 now that 67、 △get the hang of 68、 break out 69、 △exhaust vt. 70、 watch out Unit 5 1、 multicultural adj. __________ 2、 quiz __________ 3、 Canadian n. adj. __________ 4、 Vancouver n. __________ 5、 Toronto n. __________ 6、 △Calgary n. __________ 7、 △Ottawa n. __________ 8、 △beaver n. __________ 9、 △grizzly n. adj. __________ 10、 polar adj. __________ 11、 △penguin n. __________ 12、 △prime adj. __________ 13、 minister n. __________ 14、 prime minister __________ 15、 △governor n. __________ 16、 rather than __________ 17、 continent n. __________ 18、 baggage n. __________ 19、 chat vi. & n. __________ 20、 scenery n. __________ 21、 eastward adv. adj. __________ 22、 westward adv. adj. __________ 23、 upward adv. adj. __________ 24、 surround vt. & vi. __________ 25、 △the Rocky Mountains __________26、Harbour n.(=harbor) __________27、measure vi. & vt.n.__________28、aborad prep. & adv. __________29、settle down__________30、manage to do __________31、catch sight of __________32、eagle n. __________33、△stampede n. __________34、cowboy n. __________35、have a gift for __________36、within prep. __________37、border n.vt. & vi. __________38、slight adj. __________39、slightly adv. __________40、acre n. __________41、urban adj. __________42、△Thunder Bay __________43、△Lake Superior __________44、△location n. __________45、△the Vatican City Sate__________46、topic n__________.47、mix vt. & vi. __________48、mixture n. __________49、bush n. __________50、maple n. __________51、frost n. __________52、confirm vt. __________53、wealthy adj. __________54、distance n. __________55、 in the distance __________56、mist n. __________57、misty adj. __________58、△Niagara n. __________59、schoolmate n. __________60、booth n. __________61、downtown adj.adv. __________62、△pearl n. __________63、△Cantonese n.& adj.；__________ 64、approximately adv. __________65、dawn n. __________66、△workplace n. __________67、buffet n. __________68、broad adj. __________69、△St Lawrence River __________70、nearby adv.adj. __________71、tradition n. __________72、terrify vt . __________73、terrified adj. __________74、pleased adj. __________75、impress vt. __________76、impressive adj. __________Unit 11、发生__________2、美；美人__________3、收获；收割__________4、庆祝；祝贺__________5、狩猎者；猎人__________6、(使)饿死__________7、起源；由来；起因__________8、宗教上的;;虔诚的__________9、季节的__________10、祖先；祖宗__________11、（日本）盂兰盆节__________12、坟墓；墓地__________13、熏香；熏香的烟__________14、纪念；追念__________15、墨西哥__________16、节日；盛宴__________17、头脑；头骨__________18、骨；骨头__________19、万圣节前夕__________20、信任；信心；信仰__________21、盛装；打扮；装饰__________22、诡计;恶作剧;窍门__________23、搞恶作剧；开玩笑__________24、诗人__________25、哥伦布日__________26、到来；到达；到达者__________27、克利斯朵夫·哥伦布__________28、获得；得到__________29、独立；自主__________30、独立的；自主的__________31、搜集；集合；聚集__________32、农业；农艺；农学__________33、农业的；农艺的__________34、奖；奖品授予；判定__________35、产品；农产品__________36、雄禽；公鸡 __________37、赞美；钦佩；羡慕__________38、充满活力的__________39、期望；期待；盼望__________40、狂欢节； __________41、月的；月亮的__________42、 (耶稣)复活节__________43、游行；阅兵；检阅__________44、日夜；昼夜；整天__________45、衣服__________46、基督徒；信徒 __________基督教的__________47、耶稣__________48、樱桃；樱桃树__________49、花开花__________ 50、好像__________51、玩得开心__________52、习惯；风俗__________53、遍及全世界的__________54、玫瑰花蕾__________55、愚人；白痴；受骗者__________干傻事__________56、必要性；需要__________57、许可；允许__________58、预言；预报；预告__________59、样子；方式；时尚__________60、特立尼达岛__________哈利（男61、（汽车等）停放__________62、停车场__________63、圣瓦伦廷节；人节__________64、出现；到场__________65、守信用；履行诺言__________66、屏息；屏气__________67、道歉；辩白__________68、淹没；溺死；淹死__________69、悲哀，悲伤__________70、明显的；显而易见的__________71、擦；揩；擦去__________72、（使）迂回__________73、牧群；兽群__________74、银河__________75、喜鹊__________76、哭泣;流泪哭；哭泣__________77、广播员； __________78、出发；动身；使爆炸__________79、提醒；使想起__________80、使……想起……__________81、原谅；恕__________Unit 21、日常饮食节食__________2、意大利式细面条__________3、坚果；果仁__________4、肌肉；（食用）瘦肉__________5、给予保护的；保护的__________6、豆；豆科植物__________7、豌豆__________8、黄瓜__________9、茄子__________10、辣椒；辣椒粉__________11、蘑菇__________12、桃子__________13、柠檬__________14、平衡；权衡 __________15、平衡膳食__________16、烧烤；烤肉__________17、羊肉__________18、(印度)烤腌羊肉串; __________19、烤制的烤；烘；__________20、摇动；搅和21、油煎；油炸_________22、用旺火炒（或煎、煸）_________23、应当；应该_________24、应当；应该_________25、熏咸肉；腊肉_________26、可乐饮料__________27、含糖的；甜的__________28、牌示；标记；符号 __________29、体重减轻；减肥__________30、变细；减肥苗条的；__________31、好奇心__________32、女主人；女主持人__________33、生的；未加工的__________34、醋__________35、被放过；不受惩罚__________36、谎话；谎言说谎__________37、说谎__________38、顾客；消费者__________ 39、折扣__________40、赢回；重新获得__________41、缺点；虚弱；弱点__________42、强项；长处；力量__________43、咨询；请教；商量__________44、纤维；纤维制品__________45、消化摘要；概要__________46、有毒的__________47、胡萝卜__________48、坏血病__________49、佝偻病__________50、过度肥胖__________51、维生素__________52、蛋白质__________53、谋生__________54、债；债务__________55、欠债__________56、怒目而视;闪耀怒视__________57、窥探；间谍；侦探__________58、暗中监视；侦查__________59、限制；限定界限；限度__________60、有限的__________61、利益;好处__________62、有益于;有助于；受益__________63、胸部；乳房__________64、大蒜__________65、叹息；叹气叹息；__________66、（使）联合；（使）结合__________67、削减；删节__________68、不久以后__________69、增加体重__________70、合作；协作__________71、材料;原料;成分__________72、味道与气味；特性__________Unit 31、马克·吐温 __________2、出生地；故乡__________3、抚养；培养；教育；__________4、小说新奇的;__________5、少年时代__________6、奇遇；冒险__________7、短语；词组；惯用语__________8、长度单位__________9、著者；作家__________10、一场；现场；场面；__________11、讲述者，叙述者__________12、赌；打赌打赌__________13、打赌__________14、贫困的； __________15、漫游；漫步；漂泊__________16、人行道__________17、商人__________18、许可；允许；准许__________许可证；执照__________19、在前；向前；提前__________20、前进;可以；往下说__________21、偶然；不小心__________22、海湾__________23、凝视；盯着看__________24、盯着看；凝视__________ 25、黄昏 __________26、过错；缺点；故障__________27、发现；污点；地点__________28、船费通道;（一）段__________29、未付款的__________30、认为；说明；总计有__________说明；帐目__________31、导致；做出解释__________32、大使馆__________33、寻找;探索; 寻求__________34、耐性；忍耐__________35、反面;对立面__________36、与此相反；正相反__________37、慈善；施舍__________38、信封__________39、难以置信的__________40、肉块；鱼排；牛排 __________41、菠萝__________42、餐后甜点__________43、数量__________44、冒险__________45、粗鲁的；无礼的__________46、礼貌；举止；方式__________47、尖声叫尖叫声；喊叫声__________48、真的；真诚的__________49、发行（钞票等）；发布（命令）；出版（杂志等）__________50、假货；欺骗假的__________51、破布；碎布__________52、衣衫褴褛__________53、真正地；确实；实在__________54、关于；至于__________55、鞠躬；弯腰__________56、理发师 __________Unit 41、天文学_________2、天文学家_________3、太阳的；日光的_________4、系统；体系；制度_________5、太阳系_________6、宗教；宗教信仰_________7、学说；理论_________8、宇宙大爆炸； _________9、原子__________10 <英>万亿；<美>十亿__________11、球体；地球仪；地球__________12、全球性的；全世界的__________13、猛烈的；激烈的__________14、及时；终于__________15、碳 __________16、氮 __________17、蒸气；水蒸气__________18、大气层；气氛__________19、不同；不像__________20、基本的；基础的__________21、溶解；解散__________22、有害的__________23、酸__________24、链子；连锁；锁链__________25、反应；回应__________26、乘；增加__________27、氧__________28、水生有壳动物 __________29、两栖动物 __________30、爬行动物；爬虫__________31、下蛋__________32、恐龙__________33、存在；生存__________34、哺乳动物__________35、产生；分娩__________36、因此；于是__________37、轮到某人；接着__________38、二氧化物__________39、二氧化碳 __________40、阻止；制止__________41、谜;难题；（使）为难__________42、生物学__________43、生物学家__________44、万有引力；重力__________45、卫星；人造卫星__________46、温和的；文雅的__________47、地质学家__________48、物理学家__________49、挡住（光线）__________50、灭绝的；绝种的__________51、气候__________52、慧星__________53、碰撞；坠落__________54、宇宙飞船__________55、拉（力）；拖；牵引力__________56、减少；减轻__________57、感到高兴；感到振奋__________58、（使）浮动；（使）漂浮漂浮物__________59、失重地__________60、小屋；船舱__________61、质量；团；块；大量； __________62、既然__________63、熟悉；掌握；理解__________64、突发；爆发__________65、用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽__________66、密切注视；当心；提防__________67、出席；到场；存在__________Unit 51、多种文化的__________2、测验；问答比赛__________3、加拿大人__________加拿大的； __________4、海狸__________5、灰色的;有灰斑的__________6、极地的； __________7、企鹅__________8、首要的； __________9、大臣；部长__________10、首相；丞相__________11、州长；总督__________12、与其；不愿__________13、洲；大陆__________14、行李__________15、聊天；闲聊__________16、景色；风景__________17、向东的__________18、向西;向西的；__________19、向上地；__________20、包围；围绕__________21、落基山脉__________22、海港__________23、测量；衡量； __________24、在船、飞机上__________25、定居；专心于__________26、设法做27、看见；瞥见__________28、鹰__________29、大西部赛马会__________30、牛仔；牧童__________31、对……有天赋__________32、在……之内__________33、边界；国界；__________与……接壤；__________34、轻微的； __________35、稍稍；轻微地__________36、英亩__________37、城市的，市镇的_________38、位置，地方_________39、话题_________40、混合，调配v_________41、混合物n. _________灌木丛_________42、枫树_________43、霜_________44、证实，证明_________45、富有的_________46、距离_________47、在远处_________48、薄雾_________49、有薄雾的，模糊的_________50、同学，校友_________51、公用xx_________52、市区的adj.，往市区adv._________53、珍珠_________54、接近，大约_________55、黎明，拂晓_________56、工作场所_________57、自助餐_________58、宽广的_________59、在附近adv.附近的adj._________60、传统，风俗_________61、使恐怖，恐吓_________62、恐惧的， _________63、欣喜的，高兴的_________64、使印象深刻_________65、给人印象深刻的________。
生物学中的5′
生物学中的5′
生物学中的5'端通常指的是一个化合物的碳链的第五个碳的位置，即碳链的起始端。
这个位置在生物学中非常重要，因为它涉及到DNA和RNA分子的复制、转录和翻译等过程。
在DNA分子中，5'端是链的起始端，也是磷酸基团所在的位置。
在DNA复制过程中，DNA聚合酶会沿着模板链从5'向3'方向移动，合成新的子链。
因此，5'端是DNA 复制的起点。
在RNA分子中，5'端是三磷酸基团所在的位置，也是转录的起始位置。
RNA聚合酶会在5'端添加一个新的核苷酸，然后沿着模板链从5'向3'方向移动，合成新的RNA 链。
总之，生物学中的5'端是一个重要的位置，涉及到许多生物学过程。
鸡Myf5_蛋白结构与功能的生物信息学分析
amino acid residues ( Asp+Glu) and 29 positively charged amino acid residues ( Arg+Lys) . The theoretical isoelectric point ( pI) was 5. 86,
指数为 97. 59( >40),表明该蛋白结构极不稳定;亲水性平均
值(GRAVY)为-0. 701,脂溶指数为 54. 92,说明鸡 Myf5 蛋白
属于亲水性蛋白。
2. 2 鸡 Myf5 蛋白二级结构及三级结构预测 利用 SOPMA
在线软件预测鸡 Myf5 蛋白二级结构。 结果显示,鸡 Myf5 蛋
Pro(P)
Ser(S)
Thr(T)
Trp(W)
Tyr(Y)
Val(V)
Pyl(O)
Sec(U)
数量
Number∥个
21
21
5
9
11
9
25
15
7
5
20
8
7
7
28
32
11
2
7
8
0
0
频率
Frequency∥%
8. 1
8. 1
1. 9
3. 5
4. 3
3. 5
9. 7
5. 8
2. 7
高考英语一轮总复习 综合检测卷一课程考核检测
手惰市安逸阳光实验学校综合检测卷(一)(测试时间：120分钟评价分值：135分)第一部分语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。
(2011·深圳一调)For many people today，reading is no longer relaxation.To keep up their work they must read letters，reports，interoffice communications，not to mention newspapers and magazines: a neverending flood of words.In __1__a job or advancing in one，the ability to read and comprehend __2__ can mean the difference between success and failure.Yet the unfortunate fact is that most of us are __3__readers.Most of us develop poor reading __4__ at an early age，and never get over them.The main shortage __5__ in the actual stuff of language itself—words.Taken separately，words have __6__ meaning until they are put together into phrases，sentences and paragraphs.__7__，however，the untrained reader does not read groups of words.He difficultly reads one word at a time，often regressing to __8__words orpassages.Regression，the tendency to look back over what you have just read，is a common bad habit in reading.Another habit which __9__down the speed of reading is vocalization—sounding each word either orally or mentally as one reads.To overcome these bad habits，some reading clinics use a device called an __10__，which moves a bar (or curtain) down the page at a predetermined speed.The bar is set at a slightly faster rate than the reader finds comfortable，in order to “stretch” him.The accelerator forces the reader to read fast，__11__wordbyword reading，regression and subvocalization impossible.At first __12__is sacrificed for speed.But when you learn to read ideas，you will not only read faster，but your comprehension will __13__.Many people have found their reading skill greatly improved after some training.__14__Charlce Au，a business manager，for example，his reading rate was a reasonably good 172 words a minute before the training，now it is an excellent 1,378 words a minute.He is delighted that how he can __15__a lot more reading material in a short period of time.( )1.A.applying B．doingC．offering D．getting( )2.A.quickly B．easilyC．roughly D．decidedly ( )3.A.good B．curious C．poor D．urgent( )4.A.training B．habits C．situations D．custom ( )5.A.lies B．combines C．touches D．involves ( )6.A.some B．muchC．little D．dull( )7.A.Fortunately B．Indeed C．Logically D．Unfortunately ( )8.A.reuse B．reread C．rewrite D．recite ( )9.A.scales B．cutsC．slows D．measures ( )10.A.accelerator B．actorC．user D．observer ( )11.A.pointing B．leading C．making D．indicating( )12.A.meaning B．comprehensionC．skill D．regression( )13.A.increase B．reduceC．improve D．stay( )14.A.Have B．TakeC．Make D．Consider( )15.A.look ahead B．go overC．put off D．get through第二节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在相应位置上。
小学上册第六次英语第二单元综合卷
小学上册英语第二单元综合卷英语试题一、综合题(本题有100小题，每小题1分，共100分.每小题不选、错误，均不给分)1.What is the capital city of Finland?A. HelsinkiB. EspooC. TampereD. Oulu2.The ________ was a major event in the history of England.3.The ______ is always smiling and kind.4.The ice cream is ________ cold.5. A __________ (社区花园) can beautify neighborhoods.6.Which planet can support life as we know it?A. MarsB. VenusC. EarthD. Saturn7.What do you call the action of making something less dirty?A. CleaningB. TidyingC. OrganizingD. DustingA8. A lizard can ______ its tail.9.What is 10 4?A. 5B. 6C. 7D. 810.I like to ________ in the morning.11.The _______ (The Cuban Missile Crisis) was a significant moment in the Cold War.12.What is the term for a baby deer?A. CalfB. FawnC. KidD. CubB13. A ____ is a small animal that loves to hop around in gardens.14.The main gas produced by burning fossil fuels is __________.15.The Earth's climate is affected by its ______ and position in space.16.The chemical symbol for silver is _____.17.In a garden, we can find many _____ (小动物).18.The movie is very ________.19.When it’s cloudy, I like to read a __________. (书)20. A whale is a ______ that lives in the ocean.21.The pizza is very _______ (delicious).22. A __________ is a type of bird known for its colorful feathers.23.The wolf howls at the _________. (月亮)24.The basic unit of a protein is an ________.25.The __________ is a large body of fresh water.26.Which vegetable is orange and long?A. PotatoB. CarrotC. BroccoliD. LettuceB27. A ____ flies high in the sky and has a sharp beak.28.What do we call the middle of a circle?A. EdgeB. CenterC. SideD. Corner29.We visit the ______ (植物园) for educational tours.30.What is the term for a group of stars that form a recognizable pattern?A. GalaxyB. ClusterC. ConstellationD. Nebula31.The boiling point of water is ______ Fahrenheit.32. A ____(team-building exercise) fosters collaboration.33. A _______ can provide essential nutrients.34.The chemical formula for selenium dioxide is _____.35. A polymer is a large molecule made of repeating ______.36.The chemical symbol for samarium is ____.37.What is the shape of a basketball?A. SquareB. RectangleC. CircleD. TriangleC38.The flowers are ________ in the garden.39.The _______ (Green Revolution) increased agricultural production worldwide.40.I love to eat ______ (水果沙拉).41.What do we call the process of plants making food?A. PhotosynthesisB. RespirationC. DigestionD. EvaporationA42.My aunt is a ______. She enjoys cooking.43.What is a light-year?A. A unit of timeB. A unit of distanceC. A type of starD. A type of planet44.What do we call the process of change in the seasons?A. TransformationB. TransitionC. VariationD. EvolutionB45.The ________ was a form of government in ancient Rome.46.The _______ (小狮子) plays with its siblings in the grass.47.My friend is a _____ (演员) in a popular show.48. A ______ (蜥蜴) can be found sunbathing on rocks.49.What is the opposite of "empty"?A. FullB. HalfC. SmallD. Big50. (Aboriginal) Peoples of Australia have a rich cultural heritage. The ____51.What is the main purpose of the leaves on a plant?A. Absorb waterB. Store foodC. PhotosynthesisD. Provide supportC52.The _____ (night) is quiet.53.What shape is a basketball?A. SquareB. TriangleC. RectangleD. SphereD54. A sound that is too high or too low for humans to hear is called ______ (ultrasound).55.The ______ teaches us about famous historical figures.56.Queen Victoria ruled the British Empire during the ________ century.57.The process of converting a gas directly into a solid is called _______.58.The kitten is _____ (cute/ugly).59.The __________ can be very cold in January. (天气)60.What do you call the amount of space an object occupies?A. WeightB. MassC. VolumeD. DensityC61.What is the name of the famous clock tower in London?A. Big BenB. Eiffel TowerC. Leaning Tower of PisaD. ColosseumA62.Keeping my ________ (名词) organized helps me find my toys easily.63.Which gas do we breathe in?A. Carbon dioxideB. OxygenC. NitrogenD. Helium答案:B64.I put my shoes _____ the door. (by)65.What do you use to write on paper?A. BrushB. PencilC. KnifeD. ScissorsB66.What do we call a story that is not real?A. Non-fictionB. BiographyC. FictionD. HistoryC67.My _____ (岳父) is very wise.68.What is the color of grass?A. BlueB. GreenC. BrownD. RedB69.What do you call a person who works in a restaurant?A. ChefB. WaiterC. CookD. All of the aboveD70.My favorite color is ______ (红色).71.What do you call a collection of books?A. LibraryB. ArchiveC. AnthologyD. Gallery答案:A72.The sun is ______ in the sky. (shining)73.What do you call the soft part of a fruit that is often eaten?A. SkinB. PulpC. SeedD. StemB74.What is the name of the famous river in China?A. AmazonB. NileC. YangtzeD. Mississippi75._____ (植物合作) can lead to community gardens.76.The atmosphere of a planet affects its potential to support _______.77.I love seeing _______ (鸟) in the trees.78.The Bronze Age followed the ________ age.79.Which of these shapes has four equal sides?A. RectangleB. TriangleC. SquareD. CircleC80.What is the color of the sky on a clear day?A. GreenB. BlueC. RedD. Yellow81.Many plants have cultural ______ (象征意义).82. A porcupine uses its quills for ______ (自我保护).83.How do you say "cat" in French?A. ChatB. KatzeC. GatoD. Puss84. A _____ (frond) is a leaf of a fern.85.What do we celebrate on Halloween?A. CostumesB. GiftsC. FireworksD. TurkeysA86.My favorite animal is a ______ (dolphin).87.What is the tallest mountain in the world?A. K2B. Mount EverestC. KilimanjaroD. DenaliB88.The capital city of France is ________.89. A polar molecule has regions of _______ charge.90.The chemical symbol for selenium is _______.91.I want to ________ my bike.92.The beach is _______ and sunny.93.n rainforest is home to many ________ (动物). The Amaz94.The ________ (invention) changed the world.95.Hubble's law explains the expansion of the ______.96.What is the name of the famous American singer known for "Respect"?A. Aretha FranklinB. Diana RossC. Tina TurnerD. Whitney HoustonA97.小蜥蜴) basks in the sun. The ___98.The ________ (种植) season is in spring.99.What do we call the season when flowers bloom?A. WinterB. SpringC. SummerD. Autumn100.Certain plants can ______ (调节) local climates.。
浙江省高中学2025届高考仿真模拟英语试卷含解析
浙江省高中学2025届高考仿真模拟英语试卷注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
第一部分（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1．Linda ________ to her mother for so long that she figures out almost every gesture o f her mother’s.A．attended B．had attended C．would attend D．has attended2．Each party _______ respect the articles of this contract, or a double-sized financial punishment is a must.A．will B．could C．shall D．should3．--Hello，________________--Oh，sorry. I've got the wrong number.A．Dr. Brown's office. B．Who's that speaking？C．Can I help you？D．Is that Dr. Brown？4．Many people fall into panic due to the earthquake and tsunami in Japan but experts don’t expect this to be ________ as proper measures have been taken.A．compulsory B．contemporary C．temporary D．permanent5．We are living in an age most of things are done on cell phones.A．which B．thatC．whose D．when6．Linda realized she was in the wrong and promised to ________ a new leaf.A．take over B．turn over C．get over D．go over7．Thanks to the efforts in environmental protection, the wetland has been _____ to its original appearance. A．restored B．deliveredC．transferred D．drafted8．_______ travelling expenses rising a lot, we had to change all our plans for the tour．A．As B．By C．Since D．With9．To be an expert, a beginner needs to go through a series of _____ stages.A．intermediate B．liberalC．overall D．demanding10．I have no doubt that he will make it, but I wonder_____ he is really ready enough.A．what B．whyC．whether D．That11．I would appreciate you could come to my birthday party.A．that B．that it C．if D．it if12．—Jenny, how was your trip to Beijing?—Oh, I missed it. I wish I ________ my vacation there.A．am spending B．will spend C．have spent D．had spent13．“Could we put off the meeting？” she asked.“________.” He answered politely. “This is the only day everyone is available.”A．Not likely B．Not exactlyC．Not nearly D．Not really14．I think Tom will make a good m onitor, ________ I’d like to vote for him.A．but B．forC．or D．so15．—Kevin, time for the next destination!—No hurry! Another 15 minutes and we _____ all the exhibition rooms of the museum.A．am exploring B．have exploredC．will explore D．will have explored16．It seems late to say anything. We probably ______ it if we had made an offer sooner.A．would have got B．would getC．had got D．got17．We all Chinese people are called on to learn from Lei Feng, _______ we think set a good example to all of us. A．whose B．whoC．that D．whom18．—I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.—________？Mary is interested.A．Why bother B．Why notC．So what D．What for19．Nearly all educators believe that a challenging situation can often ______ the best qualities of a person.A．cheer up B．take overC．bring out D．put away20．Star skater Wu Dajing won China’s first gold medal at the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic Winter Gamesbreaking world record in short track men’s 500m.A．to B．byC．with D．in第二部分阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
高中英语上外版 必修第三册 Unit 4 Sports 必修第三册 课后练习、课时练习
一、根据首字母填写单词(单词拼写)1. A lot of cancers can now be cured if they are d__________ and treated early. (根据首字母单词拼写)2. The more I understood fish, the more e________I became at finding and catching them. （根据首字母单词拼写）3. Many activities have been held to e________ the public about COVID-19.(根据首字母单词拼写)二、根据汉语意思填写单词(单词拼写)4. She was very ________ (给人深刻印象的) in the interview. (根据汉语提示单词拼写)5. Opportunities________(存在)in our company for experienced engineers.6. I am so happy to see that you are back on your feet after the________（手术) （根据汉语提示拼写单词）三、根据中英文提示填写单词(单词拼写)7. In his twenties, he worked for all night long and s________ (to try very hard to do sth. when it is difficult or when there are a lot of problems) for independence. (根据英文提示单词拼写)8. You must first c______ (使相信；说服) them of your enthusiasm for the job. （根据中英文提示拼写单词）四、完成句子9. 4000多年前，中国是第一个喝绿茶的国家，至今绿茶仍很受欢迎。
2023年上海市杨浦区中考二模英语试题(原卷版)
A.visitB.visitedC.will visitD.was visiting
13.Sue practices______the violin hard and often gives wonderful performances.
A.playB.playedC.to playD.playing
14.Linda, may I know________ you will visit your grandparents?
A.whatB.whenC.howD.who
15.________ exciting speech the head teacher has made to us!
16. A.deal withB.make sureC.find outD.point out
17. A.helpB.worryC.warnD.survive
18. A.neverB.stillC.yetD.too
19. A.choicesB.dietsC.menusD.lists
20. A.unluckyB.unnecessaryC.unimportantD.unusual
A.aB.anC.theD./
2.Tommy be polite! No one likes to be made fun ________.
A.withB.ofC.fromD.at
3.His idea doesn’t agree with ________ on this subject.
A.IB.meC.myD.mine
A.HowB.WhatC.What aD.What an
参茸益精片对急性高原缺氧脑损伤的保护作用研究
参茸益精片对急性高原缺氧脑损伤的保护作用研究王海伟;王自勤;苏丹;霍坚;吕宏迪【摘要】目的观察参茸益精片对急性高原缺氧脑损伤的保护作用,并探讨其分子机制.方法将SD大鼠随机分为空白对照组(对照组)、高原急性缺氧模型组(模型组)和参茸益精片治疗组(治疗组),每组6只.建立急性高原缺氧脑损伤大鼠动物模型,治疗组灌胃参茸益精片.观察大鼠脑组织SOD活性和MDA水平的变化,Western blot 和RT-PCR检测胆碱乙酰转移酶(Choline acetyltransferase,ChAT)和蛋白激酶C(Protein kinase C,PKC)表达水平的变化.结果与对照组比较,模型组大鼠脑组织SOD活性显著降低(P＜o.01),MDA水平显著增加(P＜0.01);治疗组大鼠脑组织SOD活性显著增加(P＜0.01),MDA水平显著降低(P＜0.01).模型组大鼠脑组织ChAT和PKC表达水平显著降低(P＜0.05),治疗组ChAT和PKC表达水平显著升高(P＜0.05).结论参茸益精片可以保护急性高原缺氧引起的脑损伤,可能与其调节ChAT和PKC的表达水平有关.%Objective To observe the protective effect of Shen Rong Yi Jing tablets on acute high-altitude hypoxia brain injury,and explore its molecular mechanism.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group (control group),acute altitude hypoxia model group (model group) and Shen Rong Yi Jing tablets treatment group (treatment group),6 rats in each group.The rat model of acute high-altitude hypoxia brain injury was set up and the SOD and MDA level was detected after treatment with Shen Rong Yi Jing tablets.The expression of ChAT and PKC was evaluated by Western blot and RT-PCR.Results Compared with control group,the activity of SOD in the brain tissue of model group decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.01),while the level of MDAincreased significantly (P ＜0.01);the activity of SOD in the brain tissue of rats in treatment group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.01),while the level of MDA decreased significantly (P ＜0.01).The expression of ChAT and PKC in brain tissue of model group decreased significantly (P ＜ 0.05),while the expression level of ChAT and PKC in treatment group increased significantly (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Shen Rong Yi Jing tablets can protect brain damage caused by acute high-altitude hypoxia,which may be related to the regulation of the expression levels of ChAT and PKC.【期刊名称】《实用药物与临床》【年(卷),期】2017(020)010【总页数】4页(P1112-1115)【关键词】参茸益精片;急性高原缺氧;脑损伤;胆碱乙酰转移酶;蛋白激酶C【作者】王海伟;王自勤;苏丹;霍坚;吕宏迪【作者单位】解放军第一五九医院,河南驻马店463000;河南省武警总队医院,河南郑州450052;解放军第一五九医院,河南驻马店463000;解放军第一五九医院,河南驻马店463000;解放军第一五九医院,河南驻马店463000【正文语种】中文高原急性缺氧易引起脑损伤，在高原地区的临床发病率持续增高，对当地居民的身体健康危害严重，但其发生的分子机制复杂，影响因素众多[1-3]。
分子生物学习题5174
Val: GUU GUC GUA GUG Arg: CGU CGC CGA CGG AGA AGG
Cys: UGU UGC
Ala: GCU GCC GCA CGC
大肠杆菌某一多肽基因的编码序列是：5′-ACAATGTATGGT
AGTTCATTATCCCGGGCGCAAATAACAAACCCGGGTTTC-3′，
回答以下问题并作简要说明。 a. 写出该基因的无意链的序列以及它编
码的mRNA的序列？b. 预测它能编码多少个氨基酸。c. 如果利用PCR
扩增该基因，需要合成两段长度分别为10个寡聚核苷酸作为引物，请
写出此两段引物的序列？（2）已知一种突变的噬菌体蛋白是由于单个
核苷酸插入引起的移码突变的，将正常的蛋白质和突变体蛋白质用胰
1）哪一条链为反义链？哪一条链为有意链？ 2）mRNA的顺序是什么？并请标出第二个密码子的 位置。 3）此mRNA能形成二级结构吗？若能，请写出此结 构。 4）翻译从哪里开始？朝哪个方向进行？ 5）此DNA最可能是从原核细胞还是真核细胞中分离 的？为什么？
假定有一种大肠杆菌，其甲硫氨酸操纵元只由衰减子机制 调控而没有阻遏蛋白。在这种操纵元模型中，甲硫氨酸衰减子 同大肠杆菌的色氨酸衰减子机制十分类似，在mRNA链上衰减 子的部分序列如下：
谢谢观看/欢迎下载
BY FAITH I MEAN A VISION OF GOOD ONE CHERISHES AND THE ENTHUSIASM THAT PUSHES ONE TO SEEK ITS FULFILLMENT REGARDLESS OF OBSTACLES. BY FAITH I BY FAITH
5’-CATACGGGATTG 5’-GTATGCCCTAAC 5’-CTTACCCGATAG 5’-CAATCCCGTATG
痴呆的诊断与治疗
最高分
1
1 1
3
总分
30
评分标准：总分30分，正常与不正常的分界值与受教育程度有关：
文盲组（未受教育）≤17分， 小学组（受教育年限≤6年）≤20分， 中学及以上学历组（受教育年限＞6年）≤24。 分界值以下为有认知功能缺陷，以上为正常； 13~23分为轻度痴呆，5~12分为中度痴呆，＜5分为重度痴呆。
记忆力
现在我要说三样东西的名称。在我讲完以后请您重复说一遍。
3
（请仔细说清楚，每一样东西一秒钟停顿）“花园” “冰
箱” “国旗”请您把这三样东西说一遍。（以第一次答案
记分）请您记住这三样东西，因为几分钟后要再问您的。
注意力和计算力
请您算一算100减去7，然后所得数的数目再减去7，如此一 直的算下去，请您将每减一个7后的答案告诉我，直到我说 “停”为止。 （若错了，但下一个答案是对的，那么只记一次错误） 93□，86 □，79 □，72 □，65 □。
回忆力
请您说出刚才我让您记住的那三样东西？“花园”□ “冰 箱”□ “国旗”□
语言能力
（出示手表）这个东西叫什么？（命名）
（出示铅笔）这个东西叫什么？
现在我要说一句话，请您跟着我清楚地反复一遍：“四十四 只石狮子”（复述）
分数
最高分
5
3 1 1 1
我给你一张纸，请你按我说的去做，现在开始：
“用右手拿着张纸”；“用两只手将它对折起 来”；“放在你的左腿上”（不要重复说明，也 不要示范）（语言理解）
• 视空间障碍：穿外套时手伸不进袖子，铺台布不能把台布的角和桌角对 齐，房间中找不到床，外出迷路，不能画最简单的几何图形。
• 失用：原先熟悉掌握的技能丧失，甚至不会拿勺和筷子。 • 失认：不认识镜中的自己，和镜中的自己对话，不认识亲人和熟悉的朋
ChAT表达激活剂的筛选及其机制研究
ChAT表达激活剂的筛选及其机制研究董明勤;刘飙;刘燕;李文刚;李中秋【摘要】目的：利用ChAT启动子荧光素酶报告系统对中药小分子化合物进行筛选，以期找到能够促进 ChAT表达的化合物。
方法用构建的ChAT启动子荧光素酶报告体系从400余种中药小分子化合物中筛选 ChAT启动子激活剂，并用 RT-PCR和 Western Blot方法对筛选得到的小分子化合物进行验证。
利用免疫印迹法分析筛选得到的化合物对细胞内信号通路的影响。
结果通过筛选发现大豆甙元能够激活 ChAT启动子的活性，与对照相比具有显著性差异（P＜0．05）。
进一步研究结果显示，大豆甙元也可以促进ChAT mRNA和蛋白的表达。
另外，大豆甙元能够促进细胞内 ERK的磷酸化，并进而激活 ERK/MAPK信号通路。
结论大豆甙元能够促进 ChAT基因的表达，并引起细胞内 ERK/MAPK信号通路的改变。
%Objective Screening of ChAT gene expression activator from traditional Chinese medicine compounds li-brary.Methods Screening of ChAT gene expression activator from over 400 compounds by using ChAT gene promoter driven luciferase reporter system,then investigated the compound effect on the expression of ChAT mRNA and pretein by RT-PCR and western blot.The effect of compounds on intracellular signaling pathway was study by western blot. Results Daidzein was found that can promote the activity of ChAT promoter (P<0.05 ),and further increase the ChAT expression in both mRNA and protein levels.In addition,Daidzein can promote ERK1/2 phosphorylation and ac-tivite the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.Conclusion Daidzein can promote the expression of ChAT gene,and activite the ERK/MAPK signaling pathway.【期刊名称】《中国实验诊断学》【年(卷),期】2014(000)010【总页数】3页(P1576-1578)【关键词】大豆甙元;药物筛选;ChAT;神经干细胞;ERK/MAPK信号通路【作者】董明勤;刘飙;刘燕;李文刚;李中秋【作者单位】吉林大学中日联谊医院，吉林长春130033;吉林大学中日联谊医院，吉林长春 130033;吉林大学中日联谊医院，吉林长春 130033;吉林大学中日联谊医院，吉林长春 130033;首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院【正文语种】中文【中图分类】Q786乙酰胆碱（ACh）已被证明在中枢神经系统（CNS）调节着不同的生理功能，包括认知、注意力和觉醒等，在中枢神经系统中胆碱能神经元的机能失调也与年龄相关的记忆障碍、神经系统退行性疾病阿尔茨海默病（AD）的发病相关［1］。
江苏省南京市2023_2024学年高一上册12月份月考英语试题(附答案)
江苏省南京市2023_2024学年高一上册12月份月考试卷听力略第2部分阅读理解（共两节满分50分）第1节（共15题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A，B，C，D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A（广东省江门市鹤山市第一中学2023_2024学年高一上册第二阶段考）B（甘肃省部分学校2023_2024学年高三上册11月英语试题）add in extra protein. “It’s not good or bad food; it’s just fuel,” she said. “When you look at it from an addition standpoint instead of a restriction standpoint, it’s a healthier approach to fueling yourself.”4. What does Dr. Colin Carriker most probably agree with?A．Gym goers like processed food best.B．Visceral fat causes less harm to people. C．People can look thin but still be unhealthy.D．People exercising regularly are actually fit.5. Which is closest in meaning to “hard nut” underlined in paragraph 3?A．Disorder.B．Target.C．Trend.D．Challenge.6. What might happen to people who often eat processed food?A．They have little motivation or drive to exercise.B．They are enthusiastic about intense workouts.C．They obtain much more energy to burn calories.D．They work productively due to being energetic.7. What does Derocha probably suggest?A．Staying away from junk food.B．Changing your views about food.C．Being active to keep energetic.D．Fueling yourself with strict dietsC（京市第六十六中学2023_2024学年高一上册期中）A new artificial intelligence (AI) tool called ChatGPT has excited the Internet community with its superhuman abilities to solve math problems, produce college articles and write research papers. Some educators are warning that such Al systems will change the world of learning, teaching, and research, for better or worse.Ethan Mollick, a professor at the University of Pennsylvania’s Wharton School of Business, sees its benefits as a learning partner. He has used it as his own teacher’s assistant, for help with preparing a lecture and grading instructions for MBA students. “You can ask it to find a mistake in your writing and correct it and tell you why you got it wrong,” he said. “It’s really amazing.”But the superhuman assistant has its limitations (局限). ChatGPT was created by humans, after all. OpenAI has trained the tool using a large dataset of real human conversations. It sometimes lies to you, with confidence. There have been situations in which ChatGPT won’t tell you when it doesn’t have the answer.That’s what Teresa Kubacka, a data scientist based in Zurich, Switzerland, found when she experimented with the language model. “I asked it about something that I thought that I knowdoesn’t exist (存在) so that I can judge whether it actually also has the idea of what exists and what doesn’t exist.” she said. ChatGPT produced an answer so specific sounding, backed with citations (引文), that Kubacka had to find out whether the made-up thing was actually real. “This is where it becomes kind of dangerous,” she said.ChatGPT doesn’t produce good science, says Oren Etzioni, the founding CEO of the Allen Institute for AI. But he sees ChatGPT’s appearance as a good thing. He sees this as a moment for review. “ChatGPT is just a few days old, I like to say,” said Etzioni. “It’s giving us a chance to understand what he can and cannot do and to begin the conversation of ‘What are we going to do about it?’”8. How did Ethan Mollick feel about ChatGPT?A．It could be used in many different fields.B．It was popular with university students.C．It would replace teachers’ assistants.D．It was advantageous to him.9. What did Teresa Kubacka’s experiment with ChatGPT find?A．The Al tool is not dependable sometimes.B．The Al tool always gives wrong answers.C．The Al tool does not always answer questions.D．The Al tool gives dangerous guidance sometimes.10. What does Oren Etzioni mean by saying those words in the last paragraph?A．It is too early to discuss ChatGPT’s limitations.B．ChatGPT is open for review and suggestions.C．ChatGPT is worth praising for its superhuman abilities.D．It takes time to see whether ChatGPT works well or not.11. Which of the following shows the organization of the text?A．B．C．D．D（21-22高一下·江西萍乡·期中）I was born in a poor community on the north side of Boston, US, raised by a single mother who didn’t finish 3rd grade, lived each day on food stamps and attended what the media called “the most dysfunctional (功能失常的) public school district”. Not many people expected much of me, so I had to expect something of myself.On my 13th birthday, I bought a poster of Harvard to hang in my room. Being at Harvard became what dreamt about. Even when my electricity was cut off and I woke up at 5:30 am to pitch blackness, I knew that my poster of Harvard was still hanging only two feet away from me.Reminding myself of my goal each day made it easy to say no to the same choices I saw my peers making, because those paths wouldn’t have gotten me closer to my goal. Even poverty (贫穷) could not take away my power to decide what I choose to do with my day. The poster gave me the courage to cold email about 50 Harvard students so I could ask for feedback on my application essays; it gave me the energy to study just one more hour on my SATs when my friends were asleep; and it gave me the determination to submit just one more scholarship application when 180 others had already turned me down.Every day I could feel myself getting closer and closer to my goal as my writing got better, my SAT score increased, and my scholarship checks started coming in. Finally, an email arrived from Harvard. The first word was “Congratulations!”. A month later, Harvard flew me up to visit the campus where for the first time I stepped onto my dreaming land.Who you are today is the result of the decisions you made yesterday, and who you will be tomorrow will be the result of the choices you make today. Who do you want to be tomorrow?12. What can we learn about the author from the first paragraph?A．He experienced disability.B．He had high expectation of himself.C．He accepted special education.D．He grew up in a happy family.13. What efforts did the author make to achieve his goal?A．He learnt from his peers from time to time.B．He often wrote feedbacks on others’ essays.C．He spent more time preparing for the exams.D．He consulted his teacher when having problems.14. Which can best describe the author’s character?A．Determined and hardworking.B．Generous and selfless. C．Intelligent and humorous.D．Courageous and friendly.15. Which of the following can be the main idea of the text?A．Failure is the mother of success.B．Perseverance can make your dream come true.C．The longest journey begins with the first step.D．Your success in life lies in your hardship in the past.第2节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）Easy Solutions to Stress（22-23高一下·浙江湖州·期末）第3部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第1节（共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A,B,C,D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
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C S NH R 1 CH C O NH R2 CH C O CF 3COOH
O R1
C CH
N
C
S
NH + NH 3+ C O
PTH-amino acid (colorless)
(也可用于序列分析)
R 2 CH
Shortened peptide
25
P.170
4) C端的确定
a. NH2NH2 (肼解) b. LiBH4 (还原) c. 羧肽酶
Symptoms Excruciating pain Eventual organ damage Earlier death
HbA and HbS的β链片断：
正常人的血红蛋白 (HbA): 镰刀形的血红蛋白 (HbS): Val-His-Leu-Thr-Pro-Glu-Glu-LysVal-His-Leu-Thr-Pro-Val-Glu-Lys17
II. Primary structure II. Primary structure
12
1) 氨基酸序列和蛋白质功能 之间的关系
氨基酸序列 三维结构 生物功能 有不同功能的蛋白质总是有不同 的氨基酸序列。 上千中遗传病是由于蛋白质缺陷 引起的。 从不同物种来源功能相似的蛋白 通常有相近的氨基酸序列。 e.g. Ubiquitin (?)
Linus Carl Pauling USA California Institute of Technology (Caltech) Pasadena, CA, USA b. 1901 d. 1994
5
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1958
“for his work on the structure of proteins, especially that of insulin"
Max Ferdinand Perutz 1/2 of the prize United Kingdom
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
John Cowdery Kendrew 1/2 of the prize United Kingdom
MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology
DNP-amino acid (yellow)
N
H 3C
N
CH 3
H 3C
N
CH3
NH2
O S O N
O S O Cl
O S O N H+ C O NH R1 CH COOH + Mixture of free amino acids
DNS method (丹黄酰氯法)
R 1 CH C O NH R2 CH C O
不变残基 – 对蛋白质的结构和功能起重要的作用 可变残基： 可变残基： 氨基酸差异数与物种间的系统发生差异成正比 氨基酸差异数与物种进化的分歧时间成正比 不同物种来源的蛋白质的序列同源性和生物活性之间的关系： 有相关生物功能的蛋白质经常表现出高度的序列同源性 e.g. 珠蛋白家族：P.185 序列同源性很高的蛋白质会显示出趋异的生物功能 e.g. 丝氨酸蛋白酶家族：P.185 一些生物活性很不相同的蛋白质具有共同的起源 Lysozyme (溶菌酶) vs. α-lactalbumin (乳白蛋白) Actin (肌动蛋白) vs. hexokinase (己糖激酶) 16
+ H2N CH COOH R3
27
P.173
5) 部分断裂多肽链
O H N CH C R1 H N
O CH C R2 H N
Methods 胰蛋白酶 胰凝乳蛋白酶
R1-amino acid Lys, Arg Phe, Trp, Tyr
R2-amino acid
II. Primary structure II. Primary structure
Cambridge, United Kingdom 1914-2002
Cambridge, United Kingdom 1917-1997
7
2.蛋白质结构总述
1) 每一个蛋白有一个独立的结构 氨基酸序列 三维空间结构 生物功能 2) 蛋白质结构的稳定性主要靠: 四种非共价作用力 二硫键（共价键） 水 3) 有一些共同的结构模式 4) 蛋白质结构很灵活 (flexible)
21
II. Primary structure II. Primary structure
2) 多聚蛋白质亚基的解离
由非共价作用连接的亚基： — 用以下试剂处理：
强酸/强碱 6M 盐酸胍 8M 尿素
H2N C NH Guanidine NH2 H2N C O Urea NH Primary structure
2
I. Introduction
1. 2. 3. 4. 蛋白质结构研究的里程碑 蛋白质结构总述 稳定蛋白质结构的重要作用力 四级蛋白质结构
3
1.蛋白质结构研究的里程碑
When? 1920s 1920s 1948 1953 What? 得到一些蛋白质的晶体 α-螺旋结构 牛胰岛素的氨基酸序列 肌红蛋白的三维空间结构 血红蛋白的三维空间结构 Linus Pauling Frederick Sanger John Kendrew Max Perutz & John Kendrew
II. Primary structure II. Primary structure
还原法：
H N R3
氨基酸酰肼化物
O CH C H N O CH C R2 O H N CH C R3 H N O CH C R2 H N CH CH2OH R1 + H2N CH COOH + H2N CH CH2OH R2 R1 H2O H N O CH C R1 OH LiBH4
3) 分子病 — 镰刀形红细胞白血病
基因突变 (碱基取代) 蛋白质突变 (氨基酸取代)
Inherited blood disorder Molecular disease Caused by mutant hemoglobin (突变型血红蛋白) Product of gene alteration
II. Primary structure II. Primary structure
Cytochrome c
MW ~12,500 ~100 氨基酸 28不变残基
14
P.182
细胞色素c 细胞色素c的进化树
II. Primary structure II. Primary structure
15
从蛋白同源性的研究所能得到的信息
4
Who?
I. Introduction
1950s 1950s 1959
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1954
"for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the elucidation of the structure of complex substances"
由共价作用的二硫键连接的亚基： — 断裂二硫键
22
P.171
过甲酸：
H N CH CH2 S
二硫键的断裂
O C H N CH CH2 O C
HCOOOH (performic acid)
SO3SO3-
S H2C O C H N
H2C CH
O C
II. Primary structure II. Primary structure
Cow, pig, dog, goat, horse
II. Primary structure II. Primary structure
Human, pig, dog, rabbit, sperm whale
Bovine insulin (牛胰岛素)
13
P.181
2) 蛋白质的同源性
在不同生物体中行使相同或相似功能的蛋白质称同源蛋白质 同源蛋白质。 序列同源性。 同源蛋白质的氨基酸序列具有明显的相似性，成序列同源性 同源蛋白质 不变残基 保守变化 可变残基 不保守变化
II. Primary structure II. Primary structure
20
P.168P.168-181
1) 一般步骤
确定蛋白质中多肽链的数目 拆分蛋白质分子的多肽链 确定每条链的氨基酸组成 确定每条链的C-端和N-端 裂解多肽连链成较小的片断，并进行 其氨基酸组分和序列的分析 f. 重复e，用不同的断裂方法把多肽链 降解成几套重叠的肽段 g. 重建完整多肽连的一级结构 h. 确定二硫键的位置 a. b. c. d. e.
生物化学（1）
第5章 第6章 第7章 第8章 蛋白质结构 酶 核酸苷与核酸 维生素与辅酶
杨缜 Office: 实验楼S-329 Tel.: 2653 4152 e-mail: zyang@
1
第五章 蛋白质结构
I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. Introduction 一级结构 二级结构 三级结构 四级结构 变性和折叠 结构与功能的关系 研究蛋白质构象的方法
Frederick Sanger United Kingdom University of Cambridge Cambridge, United Kingdom b. 1918
6
The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1962
"for their studies of the structures of globular proteins"