高考英语复习完形填空专题选编(四)

浙江奉化市2017高考英语完形填空一轮专题选编（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。

体裁：记叙文话题：动物世界词数：330 时间：7′Tropical fish hobbyists will tell you their tanks are a source of relaxation，but recent research suggests the fish might disagree.Many American households contain a fish tank，whose average size is less than 10 gallons.Yet a study comparing the behavior of common freshwater fish found that those kept in such small tanks were more aggressive than those in larger ones and were more likely to fight. “If people ke pt dogs in these conditions，they'd be put in prison，” said the author，Ronald Oldfield.“In larger tanks，the fish were not in continuous eyesight of each other.They were swimming around，checking everything out rather than beating each other，” he added.“It's something we should think about.”The study consisted of two experiments.In one，Dr.Oldfield tested the effects of overcrowding by keeping tank size constant (不变) while increasing the number of fish.In the other，he tested environment by placing three fish in tanks of different sizes.He then recorded their behavior at least two hours after feeding，to eliminate (排除)competitive behaviors related to food.While aggression seemed to remain constant regardless of the number of fish in a tank，it dropped off considerably once the fish were placed in a 100­gallon tank with several plants and rocks to form shelters.The findings confirmed what he found when observing Midas in the wild.“If you go out and observe these fish swimming in a river，” he said，“they're not aggressive at all，really.” This conclusion is not news to Justin Muir，the owner of a fish tank business.“More volume of water is always better.It keeps the fish healthier，and the tank is more stable.”【语篇解读】本文叙述了热带鱼的生活习性。

当它们的生活空间越小时，它们的侵略性就越强；反之，如果生活空间越大，侵略性越小。

1．We can conclude from the study that ________．A．the fish in small rivers are more likely to fight than those in larger onesB．if you keep fish in tanks of less than 10 gallons，you'll be put into prisonC．people haven't paid enough attention to the feeling of fish in smaller tanksD．the fish in the wild are more aggressive than those kept in tanks答案 C [推理判断题。

由第二段和第三段内容可知，人们大多把鱼养在小的鱼缸里，故选C项。

A项中讲的是河流，而全文讲的是鱼缸，故A项错误；由第三段第一句可知B 项错误；由全文特别是最后一段可知D项错误。

]2．How was the first experiment performed?A．By putting more and more fish in the same tank.B．By putting fish in tanks of different sizes.C．By putting some food to test the behavior of fish.D．By putting fish in a tank with plants and rocks.答案 A [细节理解题。

由第四段第二句可知答案。

]3．The two experiments prove that ________．A．food competition results in the aggressive behavior of fishB．fish become more aggressive as more fish are put into a tankC．crowding is the main cause of the aggressive behavior of fishD．fish become less aggressive when placed in a 100­gallon tank答案 D [推理判断题。

由倒数第二段最后一句可知，如果把鱼放在100加仑的鱼缸里，它们会停止攻击，故选D项。

A项太片面；由倒数第二段最后一句可排除B、C两项。

] 4．The best title for this passage might be ________．A．Animals' Right to Live at EaseB．Picture of Relaxation Only If You're Not InsideC．How to Keep Tropical Fish as PetsD．How to Deal with Fish's Aggressive Behavior答案 B [主旨大意题。

由短文内容可知，作者主要告诉我们鱼缸的大小决定鱼生活得是否舒适、侵略性的大小，故选B项。

]2016高考英语阅读理解--健康保健类Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetab le diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically（心理上的） and physically.Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤）instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.【小题1】 From Paragraph 1, we learn that ________.A．diet products fail to bring out people’s potentialB．people are fed up with diet productsC．people have difficulty in choosing diet productsD．diet products are misleading people【小题2】 One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to _____.A．hesitate before they enjoy diet foodsB．pay attention to their own eating habitsC．watch their weight rather than their dietD．try out a variety of diet foods【小题3】The purpose of writing this passage is _________.A．to warn people of the side effect of diet productsB．to tell people how to lose weightC．to advise people to eat diet productsD．to introduce some diet products【小题4】Which of the following shows the structure（结构） of the passage?CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要点) C: Conclusion2016高考英语阅读理解--健康保健类In many sports, physical contact(身体接触) is part of the game. But when athletes hit their heads, the hit can cause concussions(脑震荡).Concussions have long been a concern for professional athletes, but they’ve become more common among young players too. Between 2001 and 2009, the number of kids under 19 visiting doctors for concussions each year increased by 62 percent.Engineers are developing new helmets(头盔), and new rules are limiting physical contact in some sports. But are these efforts enough to protect kids’ brains?Concussions can happen during many types of activities. But sports like football and soccer are especially risky. When you run or jump, your body is moving at an increased speed. A sudden hit causes you to move faster in a different direction.“It’s like when you’re in a bus and it makes a sudden stop,” says Dr. Kevin Crutchfield, an expert at a sports concussion center in Baltimore, Maryland. “You hit the inside of the bus.” This hit damages the brain. It affects the way the brain functions. So some sports require athletes to wear helmets. Helmets help reduce the force of a hit. The hard outer shell spreads the force of larger area. Inside a helmet, a plastic or air-filled lining also helps soften the blow.Steve Rowson is an engineer at Virginia Tech. In his lab, he tests how helmets hold up against different types of hits. No helmet can prevent concussions completely, says Rowson. But he’s found that when wearing a newer football helmet, the player’s head doesn’t gain speed as much after a hit. That lowers the risk of concussions.Many youth sports teams have set limits on physical contact to reduce the risk of concussions. In soccer, most concussions happen as a result of headers—shots or passes made with the head. That’s why many people think kids shouldn’t head the ball until high school.These efforts should help, says Crutchfield. But the best way to prevent long-term brain injuries, he says, is to stop playing immediately if you suffer concussion. “Protect yourself today so you can play again tomorrow.”【小题1】Concussions among young players ______.A．are rare before 2001B．seem extremely worryingC．cause kids to lose interest in sportsD．are mostly caused by wearing no helmets【小题2】The author mentions the sudden stop of the bus to _____.A．stress it’s dangerous to ride busesB．show human brains are easily damagedC．give a better explanation of concussionsD．remind people to wear helmets while playing sports【小题3】What does Steve Rowson think of the newer football helmets?A．They vary a lot in size.B．They work better than the old ones.C．They slow down the player’s running speed.D．They allow the players to move their heads more freely.【小题4】Dr. Crutchfield suggests that after receiving a concussion, young players should__.A．never head the ballB．avoid dangerous sportsC．play other kinds of sportsD．stop playing the sport for a while阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。