course_note2
高中英语教材人教版 选修二 新版 淘宝
高中英语教材人教版选修二新版淘宝全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1A Whole New World: Exploring Taobao Through My English TextbookAs a high school student, I never expected an online shopping platform to find its way into my English textbook, but that's precisely what happened when I opened the "New Edition People's Education Press Elective Course II" textbook this semester. To my surprise, an entire unit was dedicated to the fascinating world of Taobao, China's largest e-commerce platform.At first, I must admit, I was a bit skeptical. How could a website primarily used for buying and selling goods possibly be relevant to my English studies? But as I delved deeper into the unit, I realized just how much this unconventional topic had to offer in terms of language learning and cultural exploration.The unit began with a series of reading passages that introduced Taobao's history, its business model, and its impact on the Chinese economy. As someone who had grown up usingthe platform for everything from buying school supplies to searching for unique gifts, I found these passages both informative and relatable. They not only provided valuable vocabulary and grammar lessons but also offered insights into the cultural phenomenon that Taobao has become.One particular passage that stood out to me was the one that explored the concept of "Taobao Villages" – rural communities that have thrived by embracing e-commerce and specializing in the production and sale of certain products through Taobao. I was amazed to learn about the economic transformation these villages had undergone, and how Taobao had opened up new opportunities for entrepreneurs in even the most remote areas of China.But the unit didn't stop at mere reading comprehension. It also included a variety of interactive activities that allowed us to put our English skills into practice. From role-playing scenarios where we had to negotiate with Taobao sellers to writing product reviews and marketing campaigns, these exercises challenged us to think critically and communicate effectively in real-world contexts.One of my favorite activities was the group project where we had to create a mock Taobao storefront and develop amarketing strategy for a product of our choice. Not only did this exercise test our ability to work collaboratively, but it also forced us to think creatively about product descriptions, pricing strategies, and customer service – all while using English as the primary means of communication.As someone who aspires to pursue a career in business, I found this project invaluable. It gave me a taste of the challenges and opportunities that come with running an online business, while also sharpening my English language skills in areas such as persuasive writing and effective communication.But the unit didn't just focus on the practical aspects of Taobao; it also explored the cultural and social implications of this e-commerce giant. We discussed topics ranging from consumer behavior and online shopping trends to the environmental impact of excessive packaging and shipping.One particularly thought-provoking discussion centered around the concept of "daigou" – the practice of purchasing foreign goods through personal shoppers and reselling them on Taobao at a markup. While this phenomenon has given Chinese consumers access to a wider range of products, it has also raised concerns about intellectual property rights, product authenticity, and ethical business practices.Through these discussions, I gained a deeper understanding of the complexities and nuances surrounding Taobao's role in Chinese society. It challenged me to think critically about the implications of e-commerce and to consider different perspectives on the issues at hand.But perhaps the most valuable aspect of this unit was the way it seamlessly integrated language learning with cultural exploration. By using Taobao as a lens through which to study English, I not only improved my language skills but also gained valuable insights into Chinese consumer culture, entrepreneurship, and the ever-evolving digital landscape.I found myself constantly making connections between the English vocabulary and grammar concepts I was learning and the real-world examples provided through the lens of Taobao. For instance, when studying adjectives and descriptive language, we analyzed actual product descriptions from Taobao listings, allowing us to understand how these linguistic elements are used in a practical setting.Moreover, the unit's focus on Taobao encouraged me to explore my own experiences and perspectives as a consumer and user of the platform. I found myself sharing personal anecdotes and opinions during class discussions, which not only improvedmy spoken English but also fostered a deeper understanding of the cultural significance of Taobao in my own life and that of my peers.As I reflect on this unit, I can't help but feel a sense of gratitude towards the textbook's creators for their innovative approach to language learning. By incorporating a familiar and relevant topic like Taobao, they managed to make the study of English engaging, practical, and deeply rooted in cultural context.In a world where language learning is often criticized for being disconnected from real-life experiences, this unit stood out as a shining example of how to bridge the gap between classroom instruction and real-world application. It showed me that even the most mundane aspects of our daily lives – in this case, online shopping – can serve as powerful vehicles for language acquisition and cultural exploration.As I move forward in my academic journey, I know that the lessons I learned from this unit on Taobao will stay with me. Not only have I gained a deeper appreciation for the cultural and economic significance of this e-commerce platform, but I have also developed a newfound confidence in my ability to navigate real-world scenarios and communicate effectively in English.Who would have thought that a simple online shopping platform could open up such a rich and multifaceted learning experience? Thanks to this unit, I now have a whole new perspective on the power of language learning to connect us with the world around us – one virtual storefront at a time.篇2Taobao - The Ever-Evolving Online MarketplaceAs a high school student in China, the name "Taobao" is ingrained in my daily life, much like the air I breathe. This online shopping platform has become an integral part of our culture, a virtual bazaar where one can find anything from the latest fashion trends to obscure knick-knacks. The inclusion of a unit dedicated to Taobao in our English textbook, "New Edition Elective II" by the People's Education Press (PEP), is a testament to its ubiquity and significance in modern Chinese society.The unit begins with a brief introduction to Taobao, providing background information on its establishment in 2003 by the Alibaba Group. From its humble beginnings as a consumer-to-consumer (C2C) platform, Taobao has grown into a behemoth, boasting over a billion product listings and hundreds of millions of active users. The textbook highlights the platform'suser-friendly interface, which allows buyers to easily search for and purchase items, while sellers can establish virtual storefronts to market their wares.One aspect that our textbook emphasizes is the wide array of products available on Taobao. From clothing and electronics to household items and rare collectibles, the platform serves as a one-stop shop for virtually any consumer need. The unit even includes a section on some of the more peculiar items that have been sold on Taobao, such as a life-sized replica of the Transformer's Optimus Prime and a highly sought-after "lucky" rock.As we delve deeper into the unit, we are introduced to the concept of "Taobao Villages" – rural communities that have embraced e-commerce and turned to Taobao as a means of economic revitalization. The textbook highlights several success stories, such as the village of Xiaozhou in Shandong Province, where numerous residents have established thriving online businesses selling everything from clothing to agricultural products.The unit also touches upon the cultural impact of Taobao, exploring how it has influenced consumer behavior and redefined the shopping experience in China. We learn about thephenomenon of "Taobao Live," where sellers host live-streamed sessions to promote their products and engage with potential customers in real-time. This interactive approach has not only fostered a sense of community among buyers and sellers but has also given rise to a new breed of internet celebrities known as "Taobao Influencers."Furthermore, our textbook examines the logistical challenges posed by Taobao's immense popularity, particularly in terms of packaging and delivery. We are introduced to the concept of "Taobao Villages for Delivery," where entire communities are dedicated to the packaging and distribution of goods purchased on the platform. The unit highlights the impressive scale of Taobao's logistics network, which employs advanced technologies such as automated sorting centers and intelligent routing algorithms to ensure efficient and timely deliveries.As we progress through the unit, we encounter various exercises and activities designed to reinforce our understanding of Taobao and its impact on Chinese society. These range from reading comprehension exercises based on passages about Taobao's history and operations to role-playing scenarios where we simulate being buyers or sellers on the platform.One particularly engaging activity involves analyzing and interpreting various Taobao product listings, evaluating the effectiveness of the descriptions, images, and pricing strategies employed by sellers. This exercise not only enhances our English language skills but also provides valuable insights into the art of successful online marketing.Towards the end of the unit, we are tasked with a more creative assignment – designing a hypothetical Taobao storefront and developing a marketing strategy for a product or service of our choice. This project encourages us to apply the knowledge and skills acquired throughout the unit, while also fostering critical thinking, problem-solving, and entrepreneurial mindsets.As I reflect on this unit, I can't help but appreciate the foresight of our textbook's authors in recognizing the significance of Taobao in China's rapidly evolving digital landscape. By incorporating this topic into our English curriculum, we not only improve our language proficiency but also gain a deeper understanding of an integral aspect of modern Chinese culture.Taobao has transcended its role as a mere online marketplace; it has become a microcosm of China's economicand social transformation, a virtual reflection of our nation's entrepreneurial spirit and adaptability to the digital age. Through this unit, we learn that Taobao is more than just a platform for buying and selling goods – it is a testament to the ingenuity and resilience of the Chinese people, a force that has reshaped the way we live, work, and interact with one another.As I look towards the future, I can't help but wonder how Taobao will continue to evolve and shape our society. Will it remain a predominantly consumer-focused platform, or will it expand into other realms, such as services and collaborative economies? How will emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, virtual reality, and blockchain impact the Taobao experience? These are questions that intrigue me, and I eagerly anticipate the answers as I continue my educational journey.In the meantime, I remain grateful for the opportunity to study this remarkable phenomenon through our English textbook. By exploring Taobao, we not only enhance our language skills but also gain a deeper appreciation for the dynamic and ever-changing nature of our modern world.篇3Taobao: The Online Shopping Phenomenon Shaping Our LivesAs high school students navigating the digital age, we've all heard of Taobao – the e-commerce giant that has revolutionized the way we shop and consume. From trendy fashion pieces to quirky gadgets, Taobao has become an integral part of our lives, reshaping our shopping habits and cultural experiences. In our English textbook's Elective Course II, we delve into this fascinating world of online shopping, exploring its impact on our society and personal lives.The Convenience FactorLet's be honest, who doesn't love the convenience of shopping from the comfort of their own home? Gone are the days of trudging through crowded malls and fighting for parking spots. With just a few clicks, we can browse through millions of products, compare prices, and have our purchases delivered straight to our doorsteps. Taobao has made impulse buying easier than ever, and we've all fallen victim to those irresistible deals and lightning sales.Cultural ImmersionAs we navigate the vast virtual marketplace of Taobao, we're exposed to a rich tapestry of cultural diversity. From traditional Chinese handicrafts to avant-garde fashion designs, Taobao offers a window into the vibrant world of creativity and artistry. We can admire the intricate embroidery on a Xinjiang robe or marvel at the sleek lines of a cutting-edge tech gadget, all while gaining a deeper appreciation for the cultural melting pot that is China.The Language ChallengeOne aspect of Taobao that has undoubtedly challenged us as English learners is the language barrier. With millions of product descriptions and user reviews written in Chinese, we've had to hone our translation skills and rely on online tools to decipher the nuances of each listing. While frustrating at times, this experience has taught us the importance of cross-cultural communication and the value of perseverance in overcoming linguistic obstacles.The Social Media InfluenceIn today's digital age, social media plays a significant role in shaping our shopping habits, and Taobao is no exception. Influencers and key opinion leaders (KOLs) have become powerful forces, driving trends and promoting products onplatforms like Xiaohongshu and Douyin. We've all fallen victim to the allure of sponsored posts, eagerly adding those "must-have" items to our virtual shopping carts, only to realize later that we may have succumbed to the power of persuasive marketing.The Environmental ImpactAs conscious consumers, we cannot ignore the environmental implications of our online shopping habits. The excessive packaging, carbon footprint of shipping, and potential waste associated with impulse purchases have become cause for concern. Taobao, like other e-commerce platforms, has a responsibility to address these issues and promote sustainable practices, such as eco-friendly packaging and efficient logistics.Personal Growth and ResponsibilityUltimately, our experience with Taobao has been a journey of personal growth and self-discovery. We've learned valuable lessons about budgeting, financial responsibility, and the importance of being discerning consumers. The temptation of instant gratification has taught us the value of delayed gratification and the need to prioritize our spending habits.As we reflect on our English textbook's exploration of Taobao, we realize that this online shopping phenomenon ismore than just a platform for buying and selling goods. It's a cultural phenomenon that has reshaped our lives, challenged our perspectives, and forced us to confront the complexities of the modern world. While we acknowledge the convenience and excitement of online shopping, we must also recognize our responsibility as consumers to make informed choices and strive for a more sustainable future.。
2019年高考英语外研版8-课时功课Module2TheRenaissance
2019年高考英语外研版8-课时功课Module2TheRenaissance班级:姓名:建议时间 / 30分钟基础检测Ⅰ.词形转换1.It creates an atmosphere which visitors find so (appeal).2.My (motivate) increased as I thought of the wonderful world of the future.3.Although the team might have made correct decisions, the system's (combine) of technologies might be just too difficult to support.4.Man is the only creature that is(gift) with speech.5.Though he has some bad habits, (basic) he is a good young man.Ⅱ.单句填空6.I'll have my bike (repair) because there is something wrong with it.7.Printing is the process of making many copies of a single document (use) movab le characters or letters.8.The old man, (work) abroad for twenty years, is on the way back to his motherla nd.9.She has a strange way (make) her classes lively and interesting.10.When (offer) help,one often says “Thank you.” or “It's kind of you.”Ⅲ.短语填空11.I'm planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it(取决于) the weather.12.You have to follow closely if you want to avoid (落在后面).13.(代表) the whole class, I invite you to our evening party to be held th is Saturday evening.14.I know how busy you must be and naturally I wouldn't want to(占用) too much of your time.15.I wonder why he didn't (出现,露面) at my wedding.Ⅳ.句型训练16.A strong earthquake struck the country,(对建筑物造成极大的破坏).17.I feel it is your husband (对……负有责任) the spoiled c hild.18.By visiting schools, the actors hope (激励孩子们上演) their own productions.19.(如何表达我们的思想) in daily life is very importan t.20.The famous writer grew up (在他出生的地方) and in his t wenties, he went to Shanghai.能力提升Ⅴ.阅读理解American cities are similar to other cities around the world.In every country, cities reflect th e values of the culture.American cities are changing,just as American society is changing.After World War Ⅱ,the population of most large American cities decreased;however, the po pulation in many Sun Belt cities increased.In the late 1940s and early 1950s,city residents becam e wealthier.They had more children so they needed more space.They moved out of their apartmen ts in the city to buy their own homes.They bought houses in the suburbs(郊区).Now things are changing,the children of the people who left the cities in the 1950s are now a dults.Many, unlike their parents,want to live in the cities.They continue to move to Sun Belt cities and older ones of the North-east and Midwest.Many young professionals are moving back into th e city.They prefer the city to the suburbs because their jobs are there;or they just enjoy the excite ment and possibilities that the city offers.This population shift(迁移) is bringing problems as well as benefits.Countless poor people must leave their apartments in the city because the owners want to sell the buildings or make apar tments for sale instead of for rent.In the 1950s,many poor people did not have enough money to move to the suburbs;now many of these same people do not have enough money to stay in the citi es.Only a few years ago,people thought that the older American cities were dying.Some city res idents now see a bright,new future.Others see only problems and conflicts.One thing is sure:many dying cities in America are alive again.21.What does the author think of cities all over the world?A.They are dying.B.They are hopeless.C.They are similar.D.They are different.22.Why did American city residents want to live in the suburbs after World War Ⅱ?A.Because older American cities were dying.B.Because they were richer and needed more space.C.Because cities contained the worst parts of society.D.Because they could hardly afford to live in the city.23.According to the 4th paragraph,a great many poor people in American cities.A.are faced with housing problemsB.are forced to move back to the suburbsC.want to sell their buildingsD.need more money for daily expenses24.We can conclude from the text that.A.American cities are changing for the worseB.people have different views on American citiesC.older people prefer the cities to the suburbs in AmericaD.the population is decreasing in older American citiesⅥ.阅读七选五根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
[工学]学生信息管理系统完整源码
学生信息管理系统完整源代码注:本系统采用C/S结构,运用Java GUI知识编写,数据库为SQL SERVER 2005,没有采用典型的三级框架结构,所以代码有冗余,仅供参考。
一、数据表及数据源首先创建数据库,包含数据表如下:数据库创建完成后,新建一个名为SIMS的数据源,不会建数据源的同学可以在去搜索创建数据源的详细步骤,这里的数据名称一定要为SIMS,否则在以后程序连接数据库的语句中会出现错误。
二、操作演示三、代码部分创建Java工程,创建名称为SIMS的包,一下Java类均包含在一个包内。
1.登录界面package SIMS;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;import java.sql.*;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.*;import java.util.Date;public class login extends JFrame implements ActionListener{String userID; //保留用户输入IDString password; //保留用户输入passwordJLabel jlID=new JLabel("用户ID:"); //使用文本创建标签对象 JLabel jlPwd=new JLabel("密码:");JTextField jtID=new JTextField(); //创建ID输入框JPasswordField jpPwd=new JPasswordField(); //创建密码输入框ButtonGroup bg=new ButtonGroup(); //创建ButtonGroup组件对象JPanel jp=new JPanel(); //创建Panel容器JLabel jl=new JLabel();JRadioButton jrb1=new JRadioButton("管理员");JRadioButton jrb2=new JRadioButton("教师");JRadioButton jrb3=new JRadioButton("学生",true);JButton jb1=new JButton("登录");JButton jb2=new JButton("重置");public login(){this.setLayout(null); //设置窗口布局管理器this.setTitle("学生信息管理系统"); //设置窗口标题this.setBounds(200,150,500,300); //设置主窗体位置大小和可见性this.setVisible(true); //设置窗口的可见性this.setResizable(false);jlID.setBounds(150,60,100,20); //设置ID框属性jtID.setBounds(220,60,100,20); //设置ID输入框属性jlPwd.setBounds(150,90,100,20); //设置密码框属性jpPwd.setBounds(220,90,100,20); //设置密码输入框属性jp.setBounds(35,120,400,250); //设置JPanel容器属性jb1.setBounds(160,170,60,20); //设置登录按钮属性jb2.setBounds(250,170,60,20); //设置取消按钮属性jb1.addActionListener(this); //设置登录按钮监听器jb2.addActionListener(this); //设置取消按钮监听器jl.setBounds(340,75,130,20); //设置提示框属性bg.add(jrb1); //将所有空间加入窗体bg.add(jrb2);bg.add(jrb3);this.add(jlID);this.add(jlPwd);this.add(jtID);this.add(jpPwd);this.add(jb1);this.add(jb2);this.add(jl);jp.add(jrb1);jp.add(jrb2);jp.add(jrb3);this.add(jp);centerShell(this);this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);}private void centerShell(JFrame shell) //窗口在屏幕中间显示{//得到屏幕的宽度和高度int screenHeight = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().height;int screenWidth = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().width;//得到Shell窗口的宽度和高度int shellHeight = shell.getBounds().height;int shellWidth = shell.getBounds().width;//如果窗口大小超过屏幕大小,让窗口与屏幕等大if(shellHeight > screenHeight)shellHeight = screenHeight;if(shellWidth > screenWidth)shellWidth = screenWidth;//让窗口在屏幕中间显示shell.setLocation(( (screenWidth - shellWidth) / 2),((screenHeight - shellHeight) / 2) );}public boolean equals(Object obj){ //重写equals方法判断字符串相等if(obj==null)return false;if(this == obj){return true;}if(obj instanceof String) {String str = (String)obj;return str.equals(userID);}return false;}public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){userID=jtID.getText(); //获取用户输入IDpassword=jpPwd.getText(); //获取用户输入密码if(e.getSource()==jb1){ //处理登录事件if(userID.equals("") || password.equals("")){jl.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12)); //设置提示字体jl.setForeground(Color.red);jl.setText("请输入用户ID和密码");}else{Connection con=null;try{String url="jdbc:odbc:SIMS"; //连接数据库con=DriverManager.getConnection(url,"","");//获取连接字符串Statement stat=con.createStatement();if(jrb1.isSelected())//如果登录选中的管理员{ResultSet rs=stat.executeQuery("select * from Admin"); //判断输入用户名是否存在int flag=0;while(rs.next()){if(rs.getString(1).equals(userID)){flag=1;break;}}if(flag==0){jl.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12));//设置提示字体jl.setForeground(Color.red);jl.setText("用户ID不存在");}if(flag==1){ResultSet rss=stat.executeQuery("selectAdmin_Pwd,Admin_Name from Admin where Admin_ID='"+userID+"'");//从表Admin获取信息while(rss.next()){String str=rss.getString(1);if(str.equals(password)){new admin(rss.getString(2));//创建admin窗口this.dispose(); //释放窗体}else{jl.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12)); //设置提示字体jl.setForeground(Color.red);jl.setText("密码错误");}}}}else if(jrb2.isSelected()){ResultSet rs=stat.executeQuery("select * from Teacher_Info"); //判断输入用户名是否存在int flag=0;while(rs.next()){if(rs.getString(1).equals(userID)){flag=1;break;}}if(flag==0){jl.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12));//设置提示字体jl.setForeground(Color.red);jl.setText("用户ID不存在");}if(flag==1){ResultSet rss=stat.executeQuery("selectTea_Pwd,Tea_Names from Teacher_Info where Tea_ID='"+userID+"'");//从表Teacher_Info获取信息while(rss.next()){String str=rss.getString(1);if(str.equals(password)){new teacher(rss.getString(2),userID);//创建admin窗口this.dispose(); //释放窗体}else{jl.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12));//设置提示字体jl.setForeground(Color.red);jl.setText("密码错误");}}}}else if(jrb3.isSelected()){ResultSet rs=stat.executeQuery("select * from Student_Info"); //判断输入用户名是否存在int flag=0;while(rs.next()){if(rs.getString(1).equals(userID)){flag=1;break;}}if(flag==0){jl.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12));//设置提示字体jl.setForeground(Color.red);jl.setText("用户ID不存在");}if(flag==1){ResultSet rsss=stat.executeQuery("selectStu_Pwd,Stu_Name from Student_Info where Stu_ID='"+userID+"'");//从表Student_Info获取信息while(rsss.next()){String str=rsss.getString(1);if(str.equals(password)){new student(rsss.getString(2),userID);//创建admin窗口this.dispose(); //释放窗体}else{jl.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12));//设置提示字体jl.setForeground(Color.red);jl.setText("密码错误");}}}}}catch(Exception ex){ex.getStackTrace();}finally{try{con.close();}catch(Exception exc){exc.printStackTrace();}}}}else if(e.getSource()==jb2){ //处理登录事件jtID.setText("");jpPwd.setText("");jrb3.setSelected(true);jl.setText("");}}public static void main(String[] args){new login();}}2.添加课程package SIMS;import javax.swing.*;import java.sql.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;public class add_course extends JFrame implements ActionListener{ static add_course ss;String courseID=""; //课程名String coursename=""; //课程名String count=""; //课时JLabel warning=new JLabel(); //输入信息提示框JLabel title=new JLabel();JLabel note1=new JLabel("*");JLabel note2=new JLabel("*");JLabel jlcourseID=new JLabel("课程号:"); //使用文本框创建标签对象JLabel jlcoursename=new JLabel("课程名:");JLabel jlcount=new JLabel("课时:");JTextField jtcourseID=new JTextField(); //创建文本框对象JTextField jtcoursename=new JTextField();JTextField jtcount=new JTextField();JButton submit=new JButton("添加"); //创建按钮对象JButton reset=new JButton("重置");public add_course(){ //添加教师账号信息this.setTitle("添加课程信息"); //设置窗口标题this.setLayout(null); //设置窗口布局管理器this.add(jlcourseID); //将控件添加到窗体this.add(title);this.add(jlcoursename);this.add(jlcount);this.add(jtcourseID);this.add(jtcoursename);this.add(jtcount);this.add(note1);this.add(note2);this.add(submit);this.add(reset);this.add(warning);title.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,15)); //设置提示字体title.setForeground(Color.red);note1.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note1.setForeground(Color.red);note2.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note2.setForeground(Color.red);warning.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12)); //设置提示字体warning.setForeground(Color.red);title.setText("添加课程信息"); //设置控件及窗体位置大小title.setBounds(222,20,150,20);jlcourseID.setBounds(180,80,100,20);jlcoursename.setBounds(180,140,100,20);jlcount.setBounds(180,200,100,20);jtcourseID.setBounds(250,80,140,20);jtcoursename.setBounds(250,140,140,20);jtcount.setBounds(250,200,140,20);note1.setBounds(400,80,140,20);note2.setBounds(400,140,140,20);submit.setBounds(200,270,60,20);reset.setBounds(300,270,60,20);warning.setBounds(420,140,150,20); //设置提示框位置大小submit.addActionListener(this); //添加监听器reset.addActionListener(this);this.setSize(600,400); //设置窗体大小centerShell(this); //设置窗口位置在屏幕中央this.setResizable(false); //设置窗体不可变大小this.setVisible(true); //设置窗口可见性this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);}public boolean equals(Object obj){ //重写equals方法判断字符串相等if(obj==null)return false;if(this == obj){return true;}if(obj instanceof String) {String str = (String)obj;return str.equals(courseID);}return false;}public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){courseID=jtcourseID.getText(); //获取用户输入内容coursename=jtcoursename.getText();count=jtcount.getText();int temp=0,flag=0;Connection con=null;if(e.getSource()==submit){ //判断是否已输入必填信息if(courseID.equals("") || coursename.equals("")){warning.setText("请输入必填信息");}else{try{String url="jdbc:odbc:SIMS"; //连接数据库con=DriverManager.getConnection(url,"",""); //获取连接字符串Statement stat=con.createStatement();ResultSet rs=stat.executeQuery("select Course_ID from Course");while(rs.next()){if(rs.getString(1).equals(courseID)){warning.setText("课程ID已存在");flag=1; //判断用户名唯一break;}}if(flag!=1){if(!count.equals("")){temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoCourse(Course_ID,Course_Name,Course_Count)values('"+courseID+"','"+coursename+"','"+count+"')");}else{temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoCourse(Course_ID,Course_Name) values('"+courseID+"','"+coursename+"')");}}if(temp==1){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ss,"添加成功");warning.setText("");}else{JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ss,"添加失败");}}catch(Exception ex){ex.getStackTrace();}}}else if(e.getSource()==reset){warning.setText("");jtcourseID.setT ext("");jtcoursename.setText("");jtcount.setText("");}}private void centerShell(JFrame shell) //窗口在屏幕中间显示{//得到屏幕的宽度和高度int screenHeight = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().height;int screenWidth = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().width;//得到Shell窗口的宽度和高度int shellHeight = shell.getBounds().height;int shellWidth = shell.getBounds().width;//如果窗口大小超过屏幕大小,让窗口与屏幕等大if(shellHeight > screenHeight)shellHeight = screenHeight;if(shellWidth > screenWidth)shellWidth = screenWidth;//让窗口在屏幕中间显示shell.setLocation(((screenWidth - shellWidth)/ 2),((screenHeight - shellHeight)/2));}}3.添加学生package SIMS;import javax.swing.*;import java.sql.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;public class add_student extends JFrame implements ActionListener{static add_teacher ss;String userID=""; //用户名String pwd1=""; //密码String pwd2=""; //确认密码String getsdept=""; //院系String name=""; //姓名JLabel warning=new JLabel(); //输入信息提示框JLabel title=new JLabel();JLabel note1=new JLabel("*");JLabel note2=new JLabel("*");JLabel note3=new JLabel("*");JLabel jlID=new JLabel("学号:"); //创建文本框对象 JLabel jlName=new JLabel("姓名:");JLabel jlPwd=new JLabel("密码:");JLabel jlPwd2=new JLabel("确认密码:");JLabel sdept=new JLabel("学院:");JTextField jtID=new JTextField();JTextField jtName=new JTextField();JPasswordField jtPwd=new JPasswordField ();JPasswordField jtPwd2=new JPasswordField ();JTextField jtsdept=new JTextField();JButton submit=new JButton("添加"); //创建按钮对象JButton reset=new JButton("重置");public add_student(){this.setTitle("添加学生账号信息"); //设置窗口标题this.setLayout(null); //设置窗口布局管理器this.add(jlID); //将控件添加到窗体this.add(title);this.add(jlName);this.add(jlPwd);this.add(jlPwd2);this.add(sdept);this.add(jtID);this.add(jtName);this.add(jtPwd);this.add(jtPwd2);this.add(jtsdept);this.add(note1);this.add(note2);this.add(note3);this.add(submit);this.add(reset);this.add(warning);title.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,15)); //设置提示字体title.setForeground(Color.red);note1.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note1.setForeground(Color.red);note2.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note2.setForeground(Color.red);note3.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note3.setForeground(Color.red);warning.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12)); //设置提示字体warning.setForeground(Color.red);title.setText("添加学生账号信息");title.setBounds(222,20,150,20);jlID.setBounds(180,60,100,20);jlName.setBounds(180,100,100,20);jlPwd.setBounds(180,140,100,20);jlPwd2.setBounds(180,180,100,20);sdept.setBounds(180,220,100,20);jtID.setBounds(250,60,140,20);jtName.setBounds(250,100,140,20);jtPwd.setBounds(250,140,140,20);jtPwd2.setBounds(250,180,140,20);jtsdept.setBounds(250,220,140,20);note1.setBounds(400,60,140,20);note2.setBounds(400,140,140,20);note3.setBounds(400,180,140,20);submit.setBounds(200,270,60,20);reset.setBounds(300,270,60,20);warning.setBounds(420,100,150,20);submit.addActionListener(this);reset.addActionListener(this);this.setSize(600,400);centerShell(this);this.setVisible(true);this.setResizable(false); //设置窗体不可变大小this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);}public boolean equals(Object obj){ //重写equals方法判断字符串相等if(obj==null)return false;if(this == obj){return true;}if(obj instanceof String) {String str = (String)obj;return str.equals(pwd1);}return false;}public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){userID=jtID.getText(); //获取用户输入内容pwd1=jtPwd.getText();pwd2=jtPwd2.getText();getsdept=jtsdept.getText();name=jtName.getText();int temp=0,flag=0;Connection con=null;if(e.getSource()==submit){if(userID.equals("") || pwd1.equals("") || pwd2.equals("")){ //判断是否已输入必填信息warning.setText("请输入必填信息");}else if(!pwd1.equals(pwd2)){ //判断两次输入密码是否相同warning.setText("两次输入密码不相同");}else{try{String url="jdbc:odbc:SIMS"; //连接数据库con=DriverManager.getConnection(url,"",""); //获取连接字符串Statement stat=con.createStatement();ResultSet rs=stat.executeQuery("select Stu_ID from Student_Info");while(rs.next()){if(rs.getString(1).equals(userID)){warning.setText("用户ID已存在");flag=1; //判断用户名唯一break;}}if(flag!=1){if(!name.equals("") && !getsdept.equals("")){temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoStudent_Info(Stu_ID,Stu_Name,Stu_Pwd,Depart)values('"+userID+"','"+name+"','"+pwd1+"','"+getsdept+"')");}else if(!name.equals("") && getsdept.equals("")){temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoStudent_Info(Stu_ID,Stu_Name,Stu_Pwd) values('"+userID+"','"+name+"','"+pwd1+"')");}else if(name.equals("") && !getsdept.equals("")){temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoStudent_Info(Stu_ID,Stu_Pwd,Depart) values('"+userID+"','"+pwd1+"','"+getsdept+"')");}else{temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoStudent_Info(Stu_ID,Stu_Pwd) values('"+userID+"','"+pwd1+"')");}}if(temp==1){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ss,"添加成功");}else{JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ss,"添加失败");}}catch(Exception ex){ex.getStackTrace();}}}else if(e.getSource()==reset){ //重置所有控件warning.setText("");jtID.setText("");jtName.setText("");jtPwd.setText("");jtPwd2.setText("");jtsdept.setText("");}}private void centerShell(JFrame shell) //窗口在屏幕中间显示{//得到屏幕的宽度和高度int screenHeight = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().height;int screenWidth = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().width;//得到Shell窗口的宽度和高度int shellHeight = shell.getBounds().height;int shellWidth = shell.getBounds().width;//如果窗口大小超过屏幕大小,让窗口与屏幕等大if(shellHeight > screenHeight)shellHeight = screenHeight;if(shellWidth > screenWidth)shellWidth = screenWidth;//让窗口在屏幕中间显示shell.setLocation(((screenWidth - shellWidth)/ 2),((screenHeight - shellHeight)/2));}//public static void main(String args[]){// new add_student();//}}4.添加教师package SIMS;import javax.swing.*;import java.sql.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;public class add_teacher extends JFrame implements ActionListener{static add_teacher ss;String userID=""; //用户名String pwd1=""; //密码String pwd2=""; //确认密码String getsdept=""; //院系String name=""; //姓名JLabel warning=new JLabel(); //输入信息提示框JLabel title=new JLabel();JLabel note1=new JLabel("*");JLabel note2=new JLabel("*");JLabel note3=new JLabel("*");JLabel jlID=new JLabel("教工号:"); //使用文本框创建标签对象 JLabel jlName=new JLabel("姓名:");JLabel jlPwd=new JLabel("密码:");JLabel jlPwd2=new JLabel("确认密码:");JLabel sdept=new JLabel("学院:");JTextField jtID=new JTextField(); //创建文本框对象JTextField jtName=new JTextField();JPasswordField jtPwd=new JPasswordField ();JPasswordField jtPwd2=new JPasswordField ();JTextField jtsdept=new JTextField();JButton submit=new JButton("添加"); //创建按钮对象JButton reset=new JButton("重置");public add_teacher(){ //添加教师账号信息this.setTitle("添加教师账号信息"); //设置窗口标题this.setLayout(null); //设置窗口布局管理器this.add(jlID); //将控件添加到窗体this.add(title);this.add(jlName);this.add(jlPwd);this.add(jlPwd2);this.add(sdept);this.add(jtID);this.add(jtName);this.add(jtPwd);this.add(jtPwd2);this.add(jtsdept);this.add(note1);this.add(note2);this.add(note3);this.add(submit);this.add(reset);this.add(warning);title.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,15)); //设置提示字体title.setForeground(Color.red);note1.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note1.setForeground(Color.red);note2.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note2.setForeground(Color.red);note3.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note3.setForeground(Color.red);warning.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12)); //设置提示字体warning.setForeground(Color.red);title.setText("添加教师账号信息"); //设置控件及窗体位置大小title.setBounds(222,20,150,20);jlID.setBounds(180,60,100,20);jlName.setBounds(180,100,100,20);jlPwd.setBounds(180,140,100,20);jlPwd2.setBounds(180,180,100,20);sdept.setBounds(180,220,100,20);jtID.setBounds(250,60,140,20);jtName.setBounds(250,100,140,20);jtPwd.setBounds(250,140,140,20);jtPwd2.setBounds(250,180,140,20);jtsdept.setBounds(250,220,140,20);note1.setBounds(400,60,140,20);note2.setBounds(400,140,140,20);note3.setBounds(400,180,140,20);submit.setBounds(200,270,60,20);reset.setBounds(300,270,60,20);warning.setBounds(420,100,150,20); //设置提示框位置大小submit.addActionListener(this); //添加监听器reset.addActionListener(this);this.setSize(600,400); //设置窗体大小centerShell(this); //设置窗口位置在屏幕中央this.setResizable(false); //设置窗体不可变大小this.setVisible(true); //设置窗口可见性this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);}public boolean equals(Object obj){ //重写equals方法判断字符串相等if(obj==null)return false;if(this == obj){return true;}if(obj instanceof String) {String str = (String)obj;return str.equals(pwd1);}return false;}public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){userID=jtID.getText(); //获取用户输入内容pwd1=jtPwd.getText();pwd2=jtPwd2.getText();getsdept=jtsdept.getText();name=jtName.getText();int temp=0,flag=0;Connection con=null;if(e.getSource()==submit){ //判断是否已输入必填信息if(userID.equals("") || pwd1.equals("") || pwd2.equals("")){warning.setText("请输入必填信息");}else if(!pwd1.equals(pwd2)){ //判断两次输入密码是否一致warning.setText("两次输入密码不相同");}else{try{String url="jdbc:odbc:SIMS"; //连接数据库con=DriverManager.getConnection(url,"",""); //获取连接字符串Statement stat=con.createStatement();ResultSet rs=stat.executeQuery("select Tea_ID from Teacher_Info");while(rs.next()){if(rs.getString(1).equals(userID)){warning.setText("用户ID已存在");flag=1; //判断用户名唯一break;}}if(flag!=1){if(!name.equals("") && !getsdept.equals("")){temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoTeacher_Info(Tea_ID,Tea_Names,T ea_Pwd,Depart)values('"+userID+"','"+name+"','"+pwd1+"','"+getsdept+"')");}else if(!name.equals("") && getsdept.equals("")){temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoTeacher_Info(Tea_ID,Tea_Names,T ea_Pwd)values('"+userID+"','"+name+"','"+pwd1+"')");}else if(name.equals("") && !getsdept.equals("")){temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoTeacher_Info(Tea_ID,Tea_Pwd,Depart) values('"+userID+"','"+pwd1+"','"+getsdept+"')");}else{temp=stat.executeUpdate("insert intoTeacher_Info(Tea_ID,Tea_Pwd) values('"+userID+"','"+pwd1+"')");}}if(temp==1){JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ss,"添加成功");}else{JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(ss,"添加失败");}}catch(Exception ex){ex.getStackTrace();}}}else if(e.getSource()==reset){warning.setText("");jtID.setText("");jtName.setText("");jtPwd.setText("");jtPwd2.setText("");jtsdept.setText("");}}private void centerShell(JFrame shell) //窗口在屏幕中间显示{//得到屏幕的宽度和高度int screenHeight = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().height;int screenWidth = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getScreenSize().width;//得到Shell窗口的宽度和高度int shellHeight = shell.getBounds().height;int shellWidth = shell.getBounds().width;//如果窗口大小超过屏幕大小,让窗口与屏幕等大if(shellHeight > screenHeight)shellHeight = screenHeight;if(shellWidth > screenWidth)shellWidth = screenWidth;//让窗口在屏幕中间显示shell.setLocation(((screenWidth - shellWidth)/ 2),((screenHeight - shellHeight)/2));}// public static void main(String[] args){// new add_teacher();// }}5.添加授课信息package SIMS;import javax.swing.*;import java.sql.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;public class add_tc extends JFrame implements ActionListener{static add_tc ss;String courseID=""; //课程名String teachername=""; //课程名JLabel warning=new JLabel(); //输入信息提示框JLabel title=new JLabel();JLabel note1=new JLabel("*");JLabel note2=new JLabel("*");JLabel jlcourseID=new JLabel("课程号:"); //使用文本框创建标签对象JLabel jlteachername=new JLabel("教师号:");JTextField jtcourseID=new JTextField(); //创建文本框对象JTextField jtteachername=new JTextField();JButton submit=new JButton("添加"); //创建按钮对象JButton reset=new JButton("重置");public add_tc(){ //添加授课信息this.setTitle("添加授课信息"); //设置窗口标题this.setLayout(null); //设置窗口布局管理器this.add(jlcourseID); //将控件添加到窗体this.add(jlteachername);this.add(title);this.add(jtcourseID);this.add(jtteachername);this.add(note1);this.add(note2);this.add(submit);this.add(reset);this.add(warning);title.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,15)); //设置提示字体title.setForeground(Color.red);note1.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note1.setForeground(Color.red);note2.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,20)); //设置提示字体note2.setForeground(Color.red);warning.setFont(new Font("red",Font.BOLD,12)); //设置提示字体warning.setForeground(Color.red);title.setText("添加授课信息"); //设置控件及窗体位置大小title.setBounds(222,20,150,20);jlcourseID.setBounds(180,80,100,20);jlteachername.setBounds(180,140,100,20);jtcourseID.setBounds(250,80,140,20);jtteachername.setBounds(250,140,140,20);note1.setBounds(400,80,140,20);note2.setBounds(400,140,140,20);submit.setBounds(200,250,60,20);reset.setBounds(300,250,60,20);warning.setBounds(420,140,150,20); //设置提示框位置大小submit.addActionListener(this); //添加监听器reset.addActionListener(this);this.setSize(600,400); //设置窗体大小centerShell(this); //设置窗口位置在屏幕中央this.setResizable(false); //设置窗体不可变大小this.setVisible(true); //设置窗口可见性this.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.DISPOSE_ON_CLOSE);}public boolean equals(Object obj){ //重写equals方法判断字符串相等if(obj==null)return false;if(this == obj){return true;}if(obj instanceof String) {String str = (String)obj;return str.equals(courseID);}return false;}public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){courseID=jtcourseID.getText(); //获取用户输入内容teachername=jtteachername.getText();int temp=0,flag1=0,flag2=0,flag3=0;Connection con=null;if(e.getSource()==submit){ //判断是否已输入必填信息if(courseID.equals("") || teachername.equals("")){warning.setText("请输入必填信息");}else{try{String url="jdbc:odbc:SIMS"; //连接数据库con=DriverManager.getConnection(url,"",""); //获取连接字符串Statement stat=con.createStatement();ResultSet rs=stat.executeQuery("select Course_ID from Course");while(rs.next()){if(rs.getString(1).equals(courseID)){flag1=1; //判断课程ID存在break;}}ResultSet rss=stat.executeQuery("select Tea_ID fromTeacher_Info");while(rss.next()){if(rss.getString(1).equals(teachername)){flag2=1; //判断教师ID存在break;}}if(flag1!=1){warning.setText("课程ID不存在");}else if(flag2!=1){warning.setText("教师ID不存在");}ResultSet rsss=stat.executeQuery("select Course_ID,T ea_ID from tc");while(rsss.next()){if(rsss.getString(1).equals(courseID) &&rsss.getString(2).equals(teachername)){flag3=1;warning.setText("授课信息重复");。
英语作文讲座第二课
英语作文讲座第二课Lecture 2: How to Improve Your Writing Skills。
Writing is an essential skill that everyone needs to master. Whether you are a student, a professional, or just someone who wants to communicate effectively, improving your writing skills is crucial. In this lecture, we will discuss some tips that can help you become a better writer.1. Read extensively。
Reading is one of the best ways to improve your writing skills. By reading extensively, you can learn new vocabulary, sentence structures, and writing styles. You can also get inspiration from other writers and learn how to express your ideas more effectively.2. Practice regularly。
Like any other skill, writing requires practice. Setaside some time every day to write, even if it's just for a few minutes. You can start by writing a journal, a blog, or short stories. The more you write, the better you will become.3. Use simple language。
下午第二节课作文英语
下午第二节课作文英语In the second class of the afternoon, we were discussing a very interesting topic. The teacher asked us to share our opinions on whether money can buy happiness.It was a thought-provoking question that sparked a lively debate among the students.Some argued that money is essential for happiness. They believed that with money, one can afford a comfortable lifestyle, travel to exotic places, and buy the latest gadgets. They believed that material possessions bring joy and satisfaction, and that money can solve many problems and provide security.On the other hand, there were those who believed that money cannot buy happiness. They emphasized the importance of intangible things like love, friendship, and personal fulfillment. They argued that money can create asuperficial sense of happiness, but true happiness comes from within and cannot be bought with any amount of money.During the discussion, one student shared a personal story that left a lasting impression on me. He talked about a time when his family was going through financial difficulties. Despite the lack of money, he said they still found happiness in each other's company and the simple pleasures of life. This made me realize that happiness is not solely dependent on money, but on our mindset and the relationships we cultivate.Another student brought up the concept of "hedonic adaptation." He explained that humans have a tendency to adapt to their circumstances, whether positive or negative. This means that even if we acquire more money and material possessions, the initial happiness we feel will eventually fade as we become accustomed to our new lifestyle. This reminded me that true happiness lies in appreciating what we have in the present moment, rather than constantly striving for more.In conclusion, the discussion on whether money can buy happiness was thought-provoking and eye-opening. It made merealize that happiness is a complex and subjective concept that cannot be simply bought with money. While money can provide comfort and convenience, it is the intangible things in life that truly bring joy and fulfillment. It is important to appreciate the present moment and cultivate meaningful relationships, as these are the keys to lasting happiness.。
第二课堂英语作文
第二课堂英语作文The Second ClassroomIn the ever-evolving landscape of education, the concept of the "second classroom" has gained significant traction in recent years. This innovative approach to learning extends beyond the traditional confines of the physical classroom, providing students with a multitude of opportunities to explore, engage, and grow in ways that complement their formal academic pursuits.At its core, the second classroom encompasses a wide range of extracurricular activities, community-based initiatives, and experiential learning opportunities that enhance the overall educational experience. These activities can range from sports and clubs to volunteer work, internships, and even international exchange programs. By stepping outside the boundaries of the traditional classroom, students are able to develop a diverse set of skills, cultivate their passions, and gain a deeper understanding of the world around them.One of the primary benefits of the second classroom is the development of critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Through hands-on experiences and real-world challenges, students are encouraged to think creatively, analyze complex situations, and devise innovative solutions. This approach not only prepares them for the demands of the 21st-century workforce but also fosters a sense of self-reliance and adaptability that will serve them well throughout their lives.Moreover, the second classroom provides students with opportunities to explore their interests and discover new passions. Whether it's joining a robotics club, participating in a school musical, or volunteering at a local animal shelter, these activities allow students to pursue their curiosities and develop a well-rounded set of skills. This, in turn, can lead to a greater sense of purpose, increased motivation, and a deeper connection to their community.One of the most significant advantages of the second classroom is its ability to bridge the gap between academic knowledge and practical application. By engaging in real-world projects, internships, or community service, students can apply the concepts they've learned in the traditional classroom to tangible, meaningful situations. This not only reinforces their understanding of the subject matter but also helps them develop essential skills such as teamwork, communication, and leadership.Furthermore, the second classroom encourages students to step outside their comfort zones and engage with diverse perspectives. Through collaborative projects, cultural exchange programs, or service-learning initiatives, students have the opportunity to interact with individuals from different backgrounds, cultures, and experiences. This exposure fosters empathy, cultural awareness, and a deeper appreciation for the richness of human diversity.Beyond the development of academic and practical skills, the second classroom also plays a crucial role in promoting personal growth and well-being. Extracurricular activities and community involvement can help students develop a stronger sense of self-confidence, resilience, and emotional intelligence. These qualities are essential for navigating the challenges of adolescence and young adulthood, ultimately contributing to the overall success and well-being of the individual.In many educational institutions, the second classroom is actively integrated into the curriculum, with schools and universities recognizing the immense value it brings to the overall learning experience. By allocating resources, providing support, and encouraging student participation, these institutions are demonstrating a commitment to holistic education that goes beyond the confines of the traditional classroom.However, it is important to note that the implementation and accessibility of the second classroom can vary significantly across different educational systems and socioeconomic backgrounds. Ensuring equitable access to these opportunities is a crucial challenge that must be addressed to ensure that all students, regardless of their circumstances, can benefit from the transformative power of the second classroom.In conclusion, the second classroom represents a paradigm shift in the way we approach education. By embracing a more holistic and experiential approach to learning, we can empower students to develop the skills, knowledge, and personal qualities necessary to thrive in an increasingly complex and interconnected world. As we continue to evolve and adapt our educational systems, the second classroom stands as a testament to the importance of nurturing well-rounded, adaptable, and engaged individuals who are prepared to tackle the challenges of the 21st century.。
两节作文课的英文
两节作文课的英文English Composition I: Exploring the Art of StorytellingIn the realm of language, storytelling is a powerful tool that transcends cultures and time. Today, we embark on a journey to understand the essence of storytelling through the lens of English composition. Our first lesson will delve into the foundations of narrative structure, character development, and the importance of setting in crafting a compelling story.We will begin by examining the classic elements of a story: the exposition, rising action, climax, falling action, and resolution. Each element serves a unique purpose inguiding the reader through the narrative arc. The exposition sets the stage, introducing characters and their world, while the rising action builds tension and conflict. The climax, often the turning point of the story, is where the most significant action occurs. The falling action then leads usto the resolution, where conflicts are resolved, and thestory comes to a close.Character development is the heart of any good story. We will explore how to create multidimensional characters with depth and complexity. Through dialogue, actions, and thoughts, we will learn how to reveal characters' personalities, motivations, and growth over the course of the narrative.Setting is more than just a backdrop for the story; itcan influence and even dictate the mood and tone. We will discuss how to use setting to enhance the narrative, whetherit's a bustling city, a serene countryside, or a fantastical realm.English Composition II: The Power of PersuasionIn our second lesson, we shift our focus to the art of persuasion in English composition. Persuasive writing is askill that can influence opinions, spark change, and inspire action. We will explore the techniques of crafting an argument, supporting it with evidence, and engaging thereader's emotions.We will start by understanding the structure of an argumentative essay, which typically includes an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. The introduction mustclearly state the thesis, setting the stage for the argumentto follow. Body paragraphs will present the main points, each supported by evidence and examples. A strong conclusion will summarize the argument and leave a lasting impression on the reader.The use of logical reasoning, emotional appeal, andethical credibility are crucial in persuasive writing. Wewill learn how to employ these strategies effectively to win over the reader. Logical reasoning involves presenting facts and logical deductions that support the argument. Emotional appeal taps into the reader's feelings, making the argument more relatable. Ethical credibility is established by demonstrating the writer's integrity and good intentions.Finally, we will discuss the importance of a clear and concise writing style in persuasive essays. Clarity ensures that the reader can easily follow the argument, while conciseness prevents the reader from becoming overwhelmed by too much information.Through these two lessons, we aim to enhance our writing skills, whether it's to tell a captivating story or to persuade others with a well-structured argument. The art of English composition is a journey of continuous learning and practice, and today's lessons are but the first steps on that path.。
课堂跟踪第二课英语作文下册
英语课堂的深度探索:从第二课作文开始 **English Classroom Exploration: Starting from the Second Lesson's Composition**In the journey of English learning, the classroom is not just a place where knowledge is imparted but also a vibrant ecosystem where ideas flow, interactions occur, and skills are honed. The second lesson's composition assignment, often overlooked as a mere academic exercise, holds the potential to transform this ecosystem into a vibrant ground for critical thinking and creative expression.The essay, titled "My Ideal Classroom," asks students to envision a space where learning takes place in a more engaging and effective manner. This exercise is not just about describing a physical space but also about exploring the dynamics of learning and the role of the teacher and the student in that process. The task encourages students to think beyond the conventional four walls of a classroom and consider factors like technology integration, student engagement, and teacher-student interaction.As students delve into the essay, they begin to understand that the ideal classroom is not a fixed concept but a fluid one, shaped by their own experiences, preferences, and aspirations. Some envision a classroom where technology is seamlessly integrated, allowing for interactive learning experiences and real-time feedback. Others imagine a space where teachers are mentors and guides, facilitating discussions and encouraging critical thinking.The process of writing, itself, becomes a powerful tool for learning. As students reflect on their learning experiences, they start to identify gaps and areas for improvement. They realize that the ideal classroom is not just about the teacher or the technology but about the symbiotic relationship between the two and how it affects their learning outcomes.Moreover, the essay becomes a platform for collective learning. As students share their compositions with their peers, they gain insights into different perspectives and learning styles. This sharing and discussing process notonly enriches their understanding of the topic but also cultivates a culture of respect and inclusivity.The teacher, in this process, plays a pivotal role. They act as facilitators, guiding students towards deeper reflections and more nuanced understandings. They encourage students to think outside the box, to question assumptions, and to push the boundaries of their own understanding. In doing so, they create a classroom environment that is not just about acquiring knowledge but also about growing as individuals.In conclusion, the second lesson's composition assignment is more than just an academic exercise. It is a powerful tool for exploring learning dynamics, understanding student preferences, and fostering a culture of critical thinking and creative expression. By delving into this assignment, students and teachers alike can transform the classroom into a vibrant and engaging ecosystem where learning takes place in a more meaningful and impactful manner.**英语课堂的深度探索:从第二课作文开始**在英语学习的旅程中,课堂不仅仅是传授知识的地方,更是一个充满生机的生态系统,其中思想自由流动,互动频繁,技能得到锤炼。
Unit 3 The Internet 课件-高中英语人教版(2019)必修第二册
一、现在完成时的被动语态的常用句式
肯定式 否定式
主语+have/has been done... 主语+have/has not been done...
一般疑问式
Have/Has+主语+been done...?
特殊疑问式
疑问词+have/has+主语+been done...?
A new network has been set up. 一个新的网络已经建立起来了。 To Tom’s disappointment,his novel has not been published. 让汤姆失望的是,他的小说还没有被出版。
Unit 3 The Internet
Discovering Useful Structures
The Present Perfect Tense
past
present(now) futur e
• 过去的动作一直持续到现在 • 过去的动作对现在产生影响
Present perfect passive voice
现在完成时
have/has been
被动语态
be done
现在完成时的被动语态
have/has been done
Present perfect passive?
1. Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web. 2. People’s lives have been changed by online communities and social
will have been done
含情态动词
情态动词+be+done
在其他大学秘密上选修课英文作文
在其他大学秘密上选修课英文作文全文共10篇示例,供读者参考篇1Hey guys, did you know that in some other universities you can take secret elective courses? It's like a cool hidden gem that a lot of people don't know about. I heard about this from my cousin who goes to a different school and I was so excited to share it with all of you!So basically, in some universities, there are these special classes that are not listed in the course catalog. They are like super cool and unique courses that you can only find out about by word of mouth. It's like a secret club for students who are in the know! How awesome is that?I heard that in one university, they have a class called "Pop Culture and Fandom Studies" where you get to learn all about your favorite TV shows, movies, and music. And in another university, they have a class called "Food Science and Culinary Arts" where you can learn how to cook all sorts of yummy dishes. Isn't that amazing?I really wish our school had secret elective courses like that. It would be so much fun to learn something new and exciting outside of our regular classes. Maybe we can suggest it to our principal and see if we can get some cool secret courses too.Let's keep our eyes and ears open for any secret elective courses that we can take in the future. Who knows, we might discover something really awesome and unique! Let's keep exploring and learning new things together.Alright, that's all for now. Stay curious and keep on learning! Bye guys!篇2Hey guys, do you know that in other universities, students can secretly take elective courses in English? That means they can choose to study something they are interested in, even if it's not part of their regular curriculum. How cool is that?I recently found out about this and I was super excited! I mean, imagine being able to learn about something totally different and exciting. It's like a little adventure within your university life.I think it's a great opportunity to broaden your horizons and explore new interests. For example, you could take a photography class, learn how to cook delicious dishes from around the world, or even study a new language. The possibilities are endless!Of course, you have to make sure you don't fall behind in your regular classes, but with a little bit of planning and time management, I think it's totally doable.I'm definitely going to look into this and see if I can take an elective course next semester. I can't wait to try something new and challenge myself. Who knows, maybe I'll discover a hidden talent or passion!So, if you're feeling a bit bored with your current classes or just want to try something different, why not check out the secret elective courses in English at other universities? It could be the best decision you ever make!篇3Hi guys! Today I want to tell you about a really cool thing I found out recently. Did you know that at some other big universities, students can take secret elective courses? And guess what, these courses are all in English! How awesome is that?So, I heard that at one university, students can take a class on space exploration. They learn about all the planets in our solar system and even get to design their own spaceship. How cool is that? I wish we had a class like that at our school!Another university offers a class on underwater archaeology. Can you imagine diving into the ocean and exploring shipwrecks? That would be so exciting! I bet the students in that class have so much fun.And get this - at yet another university, students can take a class on fairy tales from around the world. They get to read stories from different cultures and learn all about the different characters and settings. It sounds like such a magical experience!I wish we had these secret elective courses at our school. It would be so much fun to learn about new and interesting things in English. Who knows, maybe one day we'll have the chance to take these cool classes too. Until then, let's keep dreaming and exploring new ideas!篇4Hey guys! Do you know that at some universities we can secretly take elective courses? It's super cool because we can learn something different and interesting besides our regularclasses. Today, I'm going to share with you my experience of taking an elective course at another university.Last semester, my friend Lucy and I found out that we could take elective courses at a nearby university. We were so excited because we wanted to learn something new and meet new friends. After talking to our parents and teachers, we got their permission to enroll in an English writing course at the university.On the first day of class, we were a bit nervous but also very excited. The teacher, Professor Smith, was super nice and friendly. He welcomed us warmly and introduced us to the other students. We were the only elementary school students in the class, but everyone was very supportive and helpful.In the English writing course, we learned how to write different types of essays, such as descriptive, narrative, and argumentative essays. It was challenging at first, but with the help of Professor Smith and our classmates, we quickly improved our writing skills.At the end of the semester, we had to submit a final essay as part of our assessment. We decided to write about our experience of taking the elective course at the university. Professor Smith was impressed by our progress and praised us for our hard work.Overall, taking an elective course at another university was a great experience for Lucy and me. We learned a lot, made new friends, and had a lot of fun. We can't wait to take more elective courses in the future!篇5Title: Choosing Elective Courses at Other UniversitiesHey guys, have you ever thought about taking elective courses at other universities? It's super cool and exciting! Let me share with you my experience and some tips on how to do it.First of all, why would anyone want to take elective courses at other universities? Well, it's a great way to explore new subjects that your own university may not offer. For example, I love art and my university doesn't have many art classes, so I decided to take an art history course at a nearby university. It was so much fun and I learned a lot of new things!But how do you actually do it? Well, first you need to research the universities that offer the courses you're interested in. You can check their websites or ask your friends who may have taken classes there. Once you've found a course you like, you need to contact the university to see if they allow outsidestudents to enroll. Sometimes they do, but you may need to pay a fee or fill out some paperwork.Next, you need to make sure the course credits will transfer to your own university. It's important to check with your academic advisor to make sure the credits will count towards your degree. You don't want to waste your time and money on a course that won't help you graduate!Overall, taking elective courses at other universities can be a fun and rewarding experience. You'll meet new people, learn new things, and expand your horizons. So don't be afraid to step out of your comfort zone and try something new. Who knows, you may discover a passion you never knew you had!I hope this article inspires you to consider taking elective courses at other universities. It's a great way to enrich your college experience and have some fun along the way. Good luck!篇6Hey guys, did you know that at other big universities we can take elective courses? It's super cool because we can learn about all kinds of interesting stuff that we might not get to study in our regular classes. I want to tell you guys about my experience taking an elective course in English!I was so excited when I found out that I could take an English course at a different university. I love learning new languages and I thought it would be a great opportunity to improve my English skills. The course was called "Creative Writing" and it was all about writing stories and poems. It was so much fun and I learned a lot of new words and phrases.One of my favorite things about the course was that we got to share our writing with the class. It was really cool to hear everyone's different ideas and styles. I even made some new friends who shared my love of writing. The teacher was really nice and always encouraged us to be creative and think outside the box.I also got to learn about different types of literature from around the world. We read books and poems from England, America, and even some from other countries like Japan and Russia. It was so interesting to see how people from different cultures express themselves through writing.Taking this English elective course was such a great experience and I would definitely recommend it to anyone who loves writing or wants to improve their English skills. I can't wait to take another elective course next semester!篇7Once upon a time, me and my friends found out about a secret way to take extra classes at another university. We were so excited because we heard they had really cool courses that we could take to learn new things and have fun at the same time.One day, we sneaked into the university and found the secret entrance to the classrooms where the extra classes were happening. We were like spies on a mission to learn as much as we could without getting caught. It was so much fun!We decided to take a class on magic because we all loved Harry Potter and wanted to learn how to cast spells like him. The professor was a real wizard who taught us all sorts of cool tricks and potions. We even got to make our own magic wands and practice using them in class.After that, we took a class on space exploration because we wanted to learn about planets and stars. The professor showed us pictures of the universe and told us about all the amazing things astronauts do in space. We got to build our own rockets and launch them into the sky. It was so cool!Overall, our secret adventure at the other university was a huge success. We learned so much and had a lot of fun doing it.We can't wait to go back and take more classes next time. Shhh, don't tell anyone our secret!篇8One day, me and my best friends, Sarah and Jack, found out a super cool secret about our university! Turns out, there are special elective classes at other universities that we can take! We were so excited to explore this new opportunity and signed up for a course in English.At first, we were a little nervous because we didn't know what to expect. But as soon as the class started, we knew we were in for a great time. The teacher was super nice and funny, and the other students were friendly too. We learned all sorts of cool things about English literature and grammar, and even got to practice speaking in English with our new friends.One day, we had to do a group project together. We decided to write a short story in English, and it was so much fun! We came up with a story about a magical adventure in a faraway land, and each of us wrote a different part of the story. It was so cool to see how our individual writing styles came together to create something awesome.After the class ended, we were sad to say goodbye to our new friends and the fun we had. But we were also super grateful for the opportunity to learn and grow in a new environment. It was an experience we would never forget, and we couldn't wait to tell all our other friends about our secret elective class adventure. Who knows what other exciting surprises our university has in store for us next!篇9Hey guys, have you ever heard about the cool classes you can take at other colleges? Yes, I'm talking about the secret elective courses that you can choose to study! Today, let me share with you all about my experience in selecting an elective course at another university.Not long ago, my school organized a program where we could sign up for elective classes at different universities. Excited by the opportunity, I decided to choose a class in English literature at a prestigious university. The thought of studying Shakespeare and other famous writers really intrigued me.On the first day of classes, I was a bit nervous but also very excited. The students at the university were so friendly and welcoming, it made me feel right at home. The professor wassuper nice and made the class so interesting with his animated storytelling.Throughout the course, I got to analyze different literary works, discuss them with my new friends, and even write my own essays. It was such a fun and enriching experience that I will never forget. I learned so much about literature and improved my English skills significantly.Overall, taking an elective course at another university was a fantastic opportunity that I would recommend to everyone. It's a great way to meet new people, learn new things, and challenge yourself. So, if you ever get the chance to do it, don't hesitate - go for it! You won't regret it.篇10One day, my friends and I heard a rumor that there were secret elective courses offered at other universities. We were so curious and excited, so we decided to explore this mysterious opportunity.After some research, we found out that we could sneak into these courses by pretending to be students from the other university. We were a bit nervous, but we were determined to give it a try.On the day of our adventure, we dressed up in our best disguises and snuck into the lecture hall. The professor didn't even notice that we were not real students, so we were able to blend in seamlessly.The class was on advanced robotics and artificial intelligence, and we were absolutely fascinated by the material. We learned all about programming robots and creating artificial intelligence algorithms. It was like something out of a sci-fi movie!As the weeks went by, we continued attending the class and soaking up all the knowledge we could. We even managed to complete some of the assignments and projects, impressing the professor with our skills.In the end, we were caught by the university authorities and asked to leave the course. But we didn't regret a single moment of our secret adventure. We had learned so much and had so much fun along the way.We promised each other that we would never stop seeking out new opportunities for learning and adventure, no matter how risky they may seem. Who knows what other secrets and treasures are out there waiting for us to discover?。
雅思必背学习工作词汇
science 理科math 数学computer 计算机computer science 计算机科学psychology 心理学economics 经济学sociology 社会学geology 地质学physics 物理学chemistry 化学biology 生物学biochemistry 生物化学专业的类型:computer science 计算机科学electronic engineering 电子工程学accounting and finance 会计金融advertising and marketing 广告与市场mathematics 数学architecture 建筑学public relations 公关art design 艺术设计描述学校:school bus 校车school canteen 学校餐厅take the course 选课drop the course 退课register 注册sign up for the course 选课selective/elective/optional course 选修课required/compulsory course 必修课lecture 讲座seminar 讨论班credit 学分introductory course 初级课程advanced course 高级课程homework/assignment/project 作业presentation 课堂发言reading list 书单turn in/hand in 上交deadline 最后期限due 到期extension 延期paper 论文essay 小作文term paper 学期报告thesis 毕业论文proposal 开题报告mid-term exam期中考试final exam期末考试quiz测验pop quiz突击考试grade/score分数pass及格passing grade 及格failing grade不及格make up exam补考cheat作弊study lounge自习室描述各种职业worker工人freelancer 自由职业者engineer 工程师architect 建筑师jewellery designer 珠宝设计师editor 编辑entrepreneur 企业家the self-employed 个体经营户,自营者。
库课英语作文
库课英语作文In the 21st century, technology has become an integral part of our daily lives, and its influence on education is no exception. The advent of digital tools and the internet has revolutionized the way we learn and teach. This essay will explore the impact of technology on modern education, focusing on both its advantages and challenges.Firstly, technology has made education more accessible to a wider audience. With the rise of online courses and educational platforms, students from all over the world can now access high-quality educational resources. This has been particularly beneficial for those who live in remote areas or have limited access to traditional educational institutions.Secondly, the use of technology in the classroom has made learning more interactive and engaging. Interactive whiteboards, educational apps, and virtual reality simulations can cater to different learning styles and keep students more involved in the learning process. For instance, a biology student can explore the human body in 3D, which is a far cry from simply reading about it in a textbook.However, technology also presents some challenges to modern education. One of the main concerns is the digital divide, where students from less affluent backgrounds may not have the same access to technology as their peers. This can lead to disparities in educational outcomes and exacerbateexisting inequalities.Another challenge is the potential for distraction. With the internet at their fingertips, students may be tempted to browse social media or play games during class, which can detract from their learning experience.In conclusion, technology has brought about significant changes in the field of education. While it has made education more accessible and engaging, it also poses challenges that need to be addressed. It is crucial for educators and policymakers to work together to ensure that technology is used effectively to enhance learning and to bridge the digital divide. As we continue to navigate the complexities of modern education, the role of technology will only grow, and it is up to us to harness its potential for the betterment of our educational systems.。
部编版英语选修UnitReading-公开课
Part 2(para 3-7)
Please find out the physical difficulties he has experienced.
Activity: walking with a bottle of milk on his head
Scene 2
• Ashrita comes third in a 24-hour bicycle marathon in New York.
• Roles: Ashrita, Sri Chinmoy, the judge, the host
【名师示范课】部编版英语选修UnitR eading -公开 课课件 (推荐 )
【名师示范课】部编版英语选修UnitR eading -公开 课课件 (推荐 )
Longest time standing on a 75cm ball 3 hours 38 min 30 sec Swiss Ball Balancing
【名师示范课】部编版英语选修UnitR eading -公开 课课件 (推荐 )
【名师示范课】部编版英语选修UnitR eading -公开 课课件 (推荐 )
【名师示范课】部编版英语选修UnitR eading -公开 课课件 (推荐 )
A mind map of Ashrita Furman
【名师示范课】部编版英语选修UnitR eading -公开 课课件 (推荐 )
【名师示范课】部编版英语选修UnitR eading -公开 课课件 (推荐 )
2●. hWulhaichhooapcitnigvity would y●●odpuooliginkogesjttuiocmktprjiuynm?gpCjainhcgkosose o●nseoamnedrstaruylttinogplay as l●onsgtaands iynoguoncaanS.wiss ball
外研版()选择性必修第二册Unit 3Times change(学生版)
选择性必修第二册Unit 3Times change!佳作抢鲜背学写作思路,背精彩范文(发言稿——网上学习的利弊) (2021·全国乙卷)你校将举办英语演讲比赛。
请你以Be smart online learners为题写一篇发言稿参赛。
内容包括:1.分析优势与不足;2.提出学习建议。
精彩范文Be smart online learnersGood morning,everyone,I feel greatly privileged to stand here to deliver a speech titled“Be smart online learners”.It’s widely acknowledged that online learning is becoming increasingly popular with Chinese due to its convenience as well as flexibility.However,online learning also presents us learners with challenges in terms of self-discipline and time management.Tha t’s why we should develop a positive attitude towards online learning.First of all,w e’d better obey our school timetable at home,which will surely contribute to our learning productivity. Besides,it’s wise to follow the teachers closely in online class so that we can become more involved,focused and motivated.Follow these tips,and we will become smart online learners.Tha t’s all! Thank you.迁移运用每日句型练透:which引导的非限制性定语从句1.You’d better make full preparations before class and have a brief understanding of the history of Tang Dynasty,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.上课之前,你最好准备充分并且对唐朝历史有一个简单的了解,这会使你上起课来很容易。
选课说明Notes选课说明见反面Pleaseturnover
1213 手工艺 Handicraft 1214 古筝 Zheng 1215 游泳 Swimming 选择A/Choice A: 选择B/Choice B: 选择C/Choice C:
10-16 12-20 12-20 12-20 8-12 12-20 6-8 12-20 12-20 8-12 12-20 12-20 10-16 6 1-28 No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No. Yes. No. No.需自带装备/Prepare equipments for oneself No. No. No. No. No. No. No. No.需自带装备/Prepare equipments for oneself No. No. No. No. No.需自备泳衣/Prepare swimming suits oneself
1201 Production 1202 Skating 1203 Telling
1301
1302 图案编程 Scratch 1303 花样跳绳 Skipping 1304 1305 1306 1307 1308 1309 1310
斯巴达体适能 General Sports 篮球校队 School Team Basketball 视觉认知 Visual Perception 头脑风暴 Brain Storm 动画设计 Animation Design 中文诗歌朗诵与鉴 赏 Poetry 疯狂科学 Mad Science
人教版(2019)选择性必修二Unit 2 Using Language(课文重排版)
Studying Abroad: Is It A Good Or Bad Idea?Letter 1Dear Editor,In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of people studying abroad. Although studying abroad can bring great benefits, I think the disadvantages for young people are greater.To begin with, many students who study abroad face great economic pressure. That means studying abroad is just not possible for everyone. Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home and could end up costing most families an arm and a leg. Studying in China is much more convenient and help save money.Another important factor to consider is the tremendous pressure that comes with studying abroad. Students must learn how to live in an unfamiliar environment with limited language skills. Some may struggle and suffer from cultural shock when learning how to behave in new surroundings. Other students are not mature enough to handle the challenges by themselves and may become depressed. Some students might even encounter problems with personal safety. In addition, different approaches to teaching and learning may come as a shock to many students.A final point to consider is that while studying abroad does have potential benefits, young people who study in China also have a great future to look forward to! As China has boomed, the educational environment has improved significantly, with many facilities and outstanding professors, helping to educate young people who will contribute to the economy and further strengthen our country.To sum up, one cannot deny the fact that studying abroad had its disadvantages, so when you think about studying abroad, you should consider these many factors.Kind regards,Wang Li (mother of twin girl)Letter 2Dear Editor,Is studying abroad a good idea or not? There are certainly disadvantages, but in my opinion, the advantages are much greater. As I always tell my son, there are no great difficulties for a person who is brave, optimistic, and willing to work hard!The first advantage of studying abroad is personal growth. The education you gain and the experiences you have will change you for the better. For example, you will certainly become more independent because you will have to deal with all kinds of difficulties by yourself. Studying abroad also helps you to gain a global perspective and improve your general competence.Another advantage is the increased chance for cultural exchange. Chinese students can be seen as cultural envoys promoting friendship between nations. International students in China also bring their colorful cultures here. Cooperating with people from diverse cultural backgrounds helps us view the world from different angles and thus gives us more insight into our own culture.Finally, studying abroad provides a great opportunity to contribute to the development of our motherland. China’s global outlook, with projects such as the Belt and Road Initiative, has helped us make connections across the world. Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global perspective who are highly competent with languages, have leadership and organizational skills, and have strong cultural awareness. Students who study abroad will develop such skills and abilities, and these in turn will provide them with better career opportunities.All in all, studying abroad helps to build character and increase people’s understanding of cultural diversity while strengthening China and building a shared future for all. I think this life-changing experience is certainly worthwhile, and I hope my child will study abroad in the future.Sincerely yours,Zhang Yi (father of one boy)。
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X2
X2 0 1 0 1
T 0 1 1 1
X2 W21 X1 W11
f Θ
Y
f
X1
• Let W11=1, W21=0.5, Θ=0.5 be initial value. Let η=0.1 • The initial net function is: net = W11•X1+ W21•X2 -Θ
1 Yj= 0
3
Perceptron algorithm (continue) 5) Training process of weights and bias
If (T j − Y j ) ≠ 0 then: ∆ W ij = η T j − Y j ) X i
∆θ
j
= − η (T j − Y j
Update weights and bias :
(T −Y ) == 0
j j
( j = 1,..., m)
Result: If two sets of data are linearly separable, the perceptron
learning algorithm converge to a set of weights in a finite steps.
• Since the previous patterns are not testified with the new weights, feed them again.
(0,0), (0,1), (1,0), net=-0.9 Y=0, δ= 0 net=-0.3 Y= 0, δ=0 net=- 0.3, Y= 0, δ= 0 O.K. O.K. O.K.
i.e. net = 1•X11 + 0.5•X21 - 0.5 =X11 + 0.5X21 - 0.5 (0,0), (0,1), (1,0), (1,1), net= -0.5, net= 0, net= 0.5, net= 1, Y=0, Y= 0, Y=1, Y=1, (T-Y)= 0 (T-Y)=1- 0=1 (T-Y)= 0 (T-Y)= 0
• Applying new weights to the net function:
net=0.6X1 + 0.6X2 - 0.9
• Verify the pattern (1,1) to see if it satisfies the expected output.
(1,1), net= 0.3, Y= 1, δ= (T-Y)= 0 O.K.
∀t ∈ ClassData; Class (t ) = f (t )
5
分类种类
6
分类图示
待分类数据 训练数据
2
1
3
4
7
(2) Examples
Example1. Solving the OR problem • Let the training patterns are as follows.
3) Randomly assign weights to Wij & bias: θ j
4) Calculate the output of the perceptron:
net j =
∑W
i
ij
Xi −θ j
net j > 0 if net j ≤ 0
(called network function)
15
4.2 Adaline network
• • •
Adaline network is by Widrow and Hoff (1960) Adaline network is an adaptive signal processing/pattern classification machine that uses least squares (LS) algorithm. LS algorithm is used to determine the weights. Instead of using the output y, the network input x is used in the error computation, i.e., e =t–x A single layer feedforward network, like Perceptron network.
• We can generate the pattern recognition function for AND pattern is: net= 0.6X1 &X2
Y
0.6
Θ=0.9
(3) Applications and limitations of Perceptrons A single adaptive layer of feedforward network Trained for pattern classification. First working model implemented in electronic hardware. Only linearly separable data can be classified The convergence rate may be low for high-dimensional or large number of data.
X = [ X 1 ,..., X n ]T is called the pattern
2
(1) Perceptron learning algorithm 1) Set up the network input nodes (n),
m n 2) Input training m patterns { X i }1 for expected values {T j }1
1
Perceptron neuron model
x1 x2 x3
Ψ
xn
θj
where net =
∑W X
ij i
i
i
− θ j is called the network function
Y j = Ψ (∑ Wij X i − θ j ) is called the network output
net =0.5X11+0.5X21 – 1
• Feed the input pattern into network one by one
(0,0), (0,1), (1,0), (1,1), net=-1, Y=0, net=-0.5, Y= 0, net=- 0.5, Y= 0, net= 0, Y= 0, (T-Y)= 0, (T-Y)= 0, (T-Y)= 0, (T-Y)= 1, O.K. O.K. O.K. Need to update weight
• update weights for pattern (1,1) which does not satisfying the expected output:
ΔW11=(0.1)(1)( 1)= 0.1, W11=0.6 ΔW21=(0.1)(1)( 1)= 0.1, W21=0.5+0.1=0.6, ΔΘ=-(0.1)(1)=-0.1, Θ=1-0.1=0.9
Chapter 4. Perceptron and adaline network
4.1 Perceptron In late 1950s, Frank Rosenblatt at Connell University introduced a network, called a Perceptron. Mathematically, a perceptron neural model is described by n y = Ψ (∑ w ixi − θ )
i= 1
where Ψ is a threshold function with threshold value being zero . Perceptron model was the result of combining McCulloch-Pitts neuron model and Hebbian learning rule for the weights and bias. The perceptron model has a neuron with the single layer structure: n inputs, one bias, and one output.
4
What is linearly separable data,?
• 数据集合 Data,类别标记集合 C • 数据集合: 训练数据 TrainData 待分类数据 ClassData • 已知 ∀x ∈ TrainData; 找一个分类器 Class( x) ∈ C • 问题: ∀z ∈ ClassData; Class( z ) ∈? • 方法:根据训练数据获得类别划分标准 f ( x)
(
)
( i = 1, ..., n ) ( 0 < η < 1, X
j
= 1)
new W ij = W ij + ∆ W ij ( i = 1, ..., n ) new θ j = θ j + ∆ θ j
6) Repeat 3 ~5 until every input pattern is satisfied
• Applying new weights to the net function: net=1•X1+0.6•X2-0.4 • Verify the pattern (0,1) to see if it satisfies the expected output. (0,1), net= 0.2, Y= 1, (T-Y)=0 O.K. • Pass the next input pattern, again, one by one (1,0), net= 0.6, Y=1, (T-Y)= 0 O.K. (1,1), net= 1.2, Y=1, (T-Y)= 0 O.K. • Since the first pattern(0,0) has not been testified with the new weights, feed again. (0,0), net=-0.4, Y=0, (T-Y)= 0 O.K. • Now all the patterns are satisfied. Hence, the network is successfully trained for OR patterns. We get the final network is : net=1•X1+0.6•X2-0.4 (This is not the only solution, other solutions are possible.)