自考综合英语1-04祥解

Lesson Four “Take Over, Bos’n!”
1 Hour after hour I kept the gun pointed at the other nine men. From the lifeboat's stern, where I'd sat most of the twenty days of our drifting, I could keep them all covered. If I had to shoot at such close quarters, I wouldn't miss. They realized that. Nobody jumped at me. But in the way they all glared I could see how they'd come to hate my guts. [1104:32]
2 Especially Barrett, who'd been bos'n's mate; Barrett said in his harsh, cracked voice, "You're a fool, Snyder. Y-you can't hold out forever! You're half asleep now!"
3 I didn't answer. He was right. How long can a man stay awake? I hadn't dared to shut my eyes in maybe seventy-two hours. Very soon now I'd doze off, and the instant that happened they'd jump on the little water that was left.
4 The last canteen lay under my legs. There wasn't much in it after twenty days. Maybe a pint. Enough to give each of them a few drops. Yet I could see in their bloodshot eyes that they'd gladly kill me for those few drops. As a man I didn't count any more. I was no longer third officer of the wrecked Montala. I was just a gun that kept them away from the water they craved. And with their tongue swollen and their cheeks sunken, they were half crazy.
5 The way I judged it, we must be some two hundred miles east of Ascension. Now that the storms were over, the Atlantic swells were long and easy, and the morning sun was hot —so hot it scorched your skin. My own tongue was thick enough to stop my throat. I'd have given the rest of my life for a single gulp of water. [0801:36]
6 But I was the man with the gun —the only authority in the boat —and I knew this: once the water was gone we'd have nothing to look forward to but death. As long as we could look forward to getting a drink later, there was something to live for.[0610:43] We had to make it last as long as possible. If I'd given in to the curses, we'd have emptied the last canteen days ago. By now we'd all be dead.
7 The men weren't pulling on the oars. They'd stopped that long ago, too weak to go on. The nine of them facing me were a pack of bearded, ragged, half-naked animals, and I probably looked as bad as the rest. Some sprawled over the gunwales, dozing. The rest watched me as Barrett did, ready to spring the instant I relaxed.
8 When they weren't looking at my face they looked at the canteen under my legs.
9 Jeff Barrett was the nearest one. A constant threat. The bos'n's mate was a heavy man, bald, with a scarred and brutal face. He'd been in a hundred fights, and they'd left their marks on him.
10 Barrett had been able to sleep —in fact, he'd slept through most of the night —and I envied him that. His eyes wouldn't close. They kept watching me, narrow and dangerous.
11 Every now and then he jeered at me in that hoarse, broken voice:
12 "Why don't you quit? You can't hold out!"
13 "Tonight," I said. "We'll ration the rest of the water tonight."
14 "By tonight some of us'll be dead! We want it now!"
15 "Tonight," I said.
16 Couldn't he understand that if we waited until night the few drops wouldn't be sweated out of us so fast? But Barrett was beyond all reasoning. His mind had already cracked with thirst. [0310:42] I saw him begin to rise, a calculating look in his eyes. I aimed the gun at his chest —and he sat down again.
17 I'd grabbed my gun on instinct, twenty days ago, just before running for the lifeboat.
Nothing else would have kept Barrett and the rest away from the water.
18 These fools —couldn't they see I wanted a drink as badly as any of them? But I was in command here —that was the difference. I was the man with the gun, the man who had to think. Each of the others could afford to think only of himself; I had to think of them all.
19 Barrett's eyes kept watching me, waiting. I hated him. I hated him all the more because he'd slept. As the boat rose and fell on the long swells, I could feel sleep creeping over me like paralysis. I bent my head. It filled my brain like a cloud. I was going, going... [0804:33]
20 Barrett stood over me, and I couldn't even lift the gun. In a vague way I could guess what would happen. He'd grab the water first and take his drop. By that time the others would be screaming and tearing at him, and he'd have to yield the canteen. Well, there was nothing more I could do about it.
21 I whispered, "Take over, bos'n."
22 Then I fell face down in the bottom of the boat. I was asleep before I stopped moving...
23 When a hand shook my shoulder, I could hardly raise my head. Jeff Barrett's hoarse voice said, “Here! Take your share o’ the water!”
24 Somehow I propped myself up on my arms, dizzy and weak. I looked at the men, and I thought my eyes were going. [1107:33; 0707:36] Their figures were dim, shadowy; but then I realized it wasn't because of my eyes. It was night. The sea was black; there were stars overhead. I'd slept the day away.
25 So we were in our twenty-first night adrift —the night in which the tramp Croton finally picked us up —but now, as I turned my head to Barrett there was no sign of any ship. He knelt beside me, holding out the canteen, his other hand with the gun steady on the men.
26 I stared at the canteen as if it were a mirage.[0710:42] Hadn't they finished that pint of water this morning? When I looked up at Barrett's ugly face, it was grim. He must have guessed my thoughts.
27 “You said, ‘Take over, bos'n,’ didn't you?” he growled. “I've been holding off these apes all day.”He lifted the gun in his hand. “When you're boss-man,”he added, “in command and responsible for the rest --- you --- you sure get to see things different, don't you?”[1001:writing]
第四课“接过去，水手长！”
1 时间一小时一小时地过去了，我一直把枪瞄准着其他九个人。

我们在救生艇里漂流了20天。

大部分时间，我都坐在船尾。

从这个位置，我的枪能瞄准到所有人。

要是非得开枪的话，离这么近，我不会打偏的。

他们知道这点。

虽然没有人扑过来，不过从他们瞪着我的眼神我能感觉到他们对我已经是恨之入骨。

2 特别是巴雷特，在船上的时候他是副水手长。

巴雷特用他刺耳粗哑的嗓音说：“你是个傻瓜，斯奈德。

你……你不可能一直坚持下去！你现在都快睡着了。

”
3 我没回答。

他说得对。

一个人能坚持多久不睡觉呢？在过去的大约72小时内，我没敢合上过一会儿眼。

我很快就会打盹儿。

只要我一打盹儿，他们就会扑向剩下的那点儿水。

4 最后那只水壶就在我的腿下。

经过了20天，水已经剩得不多了。

也许还有一品脱。

这点儿水只够每个人喝上几滴。

然而我可以从他们那布满血丝的眼睛里看出为了那几滴水他们情愿把我宰了。

作为人，我不再举足轻重，我不再是遇难的“蒙塔拉”号的三副。

我只不过是一杆枪，一杆阻止他们喝到梦寐以求的水的枪。

他们的舌头肿胀，面颊凹陷，每个人都已经近乎疯狂。

5 根据我的判断，我们应该在阿森松岛以东200英里左右。

这会儿，风暴已经过去，大
西洋上波平浪静，上午的阳光灼热难耐—热得能烤焦你的皮肤。

我自己的舌头也粗肿得能把嗓子堵死。

（要是我能这么做的话），我早就豁出老命喝上一口水了。

6 但是我是有枪的人，在这条船上谁有枪谁就有权威。

而且我也清楚，一旦那点水被喝光，除了死亡我们就再也没有别的东西可指望了。

只要还有待会儿还能喝上一口水的盼头儿，我们就还有活下去的目标。

我们要尽可能长时间保留这点水。

要是我由于他们的咒骂而让步的话，几天以前最后一壶水就已经给喝得精光了。

这会儿，我们早都死了。

7 人们不再摇桨划船了。

已经很长时间没人划船了。

人们已经没有力气划船了。

我面前的九个人是胡子拉碴、衣衫褴褛衣不遮体的野兽。

我的样子恐怕也和他们一样糟。

有几个人四仰八叉躺在船沿上打盹儿。

其余的人像巴雷特那样盯着我，准备在我放松警惕的时候跳过来。

8 要是他们不看我的脸，就看我腿下的水壶。

9 杰夫·巴雷特离我最近，时刻对我构成威胁。

副水手长身体粗壮，秃顶，脸上有疤，一副凶相。

他打架斗殴上百次，身上伤痕累累。

10 巴雷特一直能睡觉，事实上，昨天夜里他大部分时间都在睡觉。

这让我嫉妒他。

他不肯合眼，眯着那双可怕的眼睛一直盯着我。

11 时不时他要用那副沙哑的嗓子，结结巴巴地取笑我：
12 “你干嘛不放手？你没法坚持到底！”
13 “今晚，”我说，“我们今晚把这点儿水分了。

”
14 “到晚上就得有人渴死！我们现在就要喝！”
15 “今天晚上”，我说。

16 他难道不明白如果我们等到天黑再喝，那几滴水就不会变成汗通过我们的身体那么快地蒸发掉了？但跟巴雷特无理可讲。

他已经因干渴而失去了理智。

[1101:61]我看到他开始站起来，眼睛里流露出狡黠的的神情。

我把枪瞄向他的胸膛—他又坐了下去。

17 20天以前，就在我们急急忙忙逃到救生艇上的一瞬，我本能地抓起了我的枪。

除了枪，什么也不可能阻止巴雷特和其他人接近那点水。

18 这些傻瓜—难道他们没有看到跟他们一样我也迫切需要喝水？但是这会儿我是指挥者。

这是我们的不同之处，我拿着枪，我要用头脑去思考。

除了我，他们任何人都可以只为自己着想，而我必须为他们全体考虑。

19 巴雷特的眼睛一直在盯着我，等着机会下手。

我恨他。

他睡过觉，这使我更恨他。

般在平缓的海浪中一起一伏地漂浮着，我觉得困倦之意渗透了全身，使我浑身无力。

我的脑袋耷拉下来，瞌睡灌满我的头脑，使我如坠云里雾里。

我的知觉渐渐离我而去……
20 巴雷特站在我跟前，但我甚至都无法抬起枪。

我模糊地想象着即将发生的事。

他会先抢过水壶喝上一口。

这时其他人会尖叫着撕扯着他。

最后他只得让出水壶。

然而，对此我已经无能为力了。

21 我低声说“交给你了，水手长。

”
22 然后我就一头栽进了船舱，还没等倒下去就进入了梦乡……
23 一只手在摇我的肩膀，但我无法抬起头。

杰夫·巴雷特粗哑着嗓子说：“喂！快喝下你那份水！”
24 费了好大劲，我才用胳膊撑起了身子。

我感到头晕目眩，浑身无力。

我看着船上的人，我觉得我的视力在下降。

我看到的是一些昏暗模糊的人形。

但接下来我就意识到了我的眼睛没有毛病，是因为到了晚上。

身边是黑色的海水，头顶上星星闪烁。

整个白天我都在睡觉。

25 原来这是我们在海上漂流的第二十一个夜晚。

就是在这天晚上，“克洛顿”号货船最终把我们从苦海中救出。

但是这会儿，我转头看巴雷特的时候，还没有任何船的影子。

他跪
在我身旁，一只手端着水壶，另一只手把枪对准其他水手。

26 我瞪眼瞧着这只水壶，仿佛在看一个虚幻的影像。

今天早上他们不是已经把那品脱水喝光了吗？我抬头看了看巴雷特那张丑陋的脸。

他的脸色铁青。

他肯定已经猜到了我的心思。

27 “你说的‘接过去，水手长’，不是你说的吗？”他大吼着，“我一直都在防备着这帮笨蛋，不让他们靠近。

”他抬起手中的枪。

“你要是成了头儿，”他接着说，“要主事，要对他人负责的时候，你，你看问题肯定就不一样了，对不？”
往年考过的真题
I.Paraphrase
1. In the way they all glared I could see how they'd come to hate my guts.[1104:32] [1-4:107]
A. I could see from their angry look that they disliked me very much.
B. I could see from their quick look that they were impatient with me.
C. I could see from their steady look that they were very curious about me.
D. I could see from their confused look that they were shocked at my words.
2. I’d have g iven the rest of my life for a single gulp of water.[0801:36](1-4:108)
A. I’d like to have a big mouthful of water in order to save my life.
B. I’d rather not have a big mouthful of water in order to save my life.
C. A big mouthful of water is what I need to save my life.
D. I’d rather have a big mouthful of water at the expense of my life.
3．As long as we could look forward to getting a drink [of that water] later, there was something to live for. [0610:43] [1-3:108]
A．We were all eager to drink that water.
B．We shouldn’t just live for a drink of water.
C．If we had drunk up the water, we would be dead .
D．We needed something to live for, even just for a drink of water.
4. But Barrett was beyond all reasoning. His mind had already cracked with thirst. [0310:42]
[1-4:109]
A. Barrett's mind was so affected that he could no longer argue logically.
B. Barrett wouldn't listen to me because thirst had damaged his brain.
C. It was no use arguing with Barrett, for he had lost his senses.
D. Barrett was so thirsty that he couldn't think reasonably.
5. It [sleeping] filled my brain like a cloud. It was going, going…. [0804:33] (1-4:109)
A. I was almost overcome by sleepiness and would doze off any moment.
B. I was trying hard to beat back sleepiness so that I could keep moving.
C. Due to sleepiness, I was not aware that I had lost my sense of direction.
D. Sleeping clouded my mind and I was unable to see or hear clearly.
6. I looked at the men, and I thought my eyes were going. [1107:33] (1-4:110)
A. I thought my eyes were moving out of me.
B. I thought I would fall asleep in a minute.
C. I thought I was dying of thirst.
D. I thought I was losing my sight.
7. I looked at the men, and I thought my eyes were going. [0707:36] (1-4:110)
A. I looked at the men, then I looked at something else.
B. I’m afraid to look at the men, so I tried not to look at them any more.
C. When I looked at the men, I realized that my eyesight was declining.
D. since I had to try very hard to see them clearly, I thought that my eyesight was declining.
8. I stared at the canteen as if it were a mirage.[0710:42] [1-4:110]
A. … I imagined seeing a canteen.
B. … I looked at the canteen closely.
C. …I knew there wasn’t a canteen actually.
D. …I couldn’t believe that the canteen was still there.
II.Writing
2010年1月: Take Over, Bos’n! (《综二》上册，L.4)
66. “When you're boss-man,' he added, 'in command and responsible for the rest, --- you --- you sure get to see things different, don't you? '”
2010年4月: Take Over, Bos’n! (《综二》上册，L.4)
Topic: Describe the changes Barrentt experienced and explain the reason based on the text “Take Over, Bos’n!” Use the following outline:
·the situation the sailors were in
·the conflict between Snyder, the captain, and Barrentt, the third officer
·the role Barrentt played
·the cause for Barrentt’s change
Twenty days after a shipwreck, ten sailors were drifting in the lifeboat on the sea. They had only a little water left but were still far from the land. Everybody was thirsty. Snyder was holding a gun and protecting the last drops of water as well as their only hope to survive. The rest of the crew hated Snyder and were waiting for any possible chance to grab the water. Barrentt even tried to take action. Snyder pointed the gun at Barrentt’s chest and forced him to sit down again.
When Snyder was too sleepy to hold on any more, he said to Barrentt, “Take over, Bos’n.”instead of grabbing the water, Barrentt did take over the responsibility and protected the water.
The reason for Barrentt’s change is that he was suddenly put in the position on leadership, and began to consider the situation from a broader perspective.
III.Translation
61.口渴已经使他失去了理智。

[1101:61] (1-4:109)
His mind had already cracked with thirst.
课后练习答案
3. Paraphrase (p.130)
1. I could see from their angry look that they disliked me very much.
2. I’d rather have a big mouthful of water at the expense of my life.
3. … I felt very sleepy all over.
4. I couldn’t believe that the canteen was still there.
5. “when you are in charge and be responsible for other people, you are sure to look at things in
a different way, aren’t you?” he added.
词汇练习
1.（p.132）
1) computer-designed; 2) heart-broken 3) snow-covered
4) blood-shot 5) home-made
2. Translate the following into English.
1. use the verb + noun or adj. + noun collocation
未中目标 to miss the target
命中目标 to hit the target
闭上眼睛to close one’s eyes
辞职不干to quit one’s job
抬起头来to hold up one’s head
提高嗓门to raise one’s voice
瞄准某人 to shoot at somebody
低下头去to bend one’s head
松懈劲头to relax one’s efforts
留下痕迹 to leave marks
沙哑的声音hoarse voice
朝……开火to fire…at
e the “useful expressions”
1）听到我所在的公司要被一家石油公司兼并的消息，我十分震惊。

Hearing that the firm I work for was going to be taken over by an oil company, I was greatly shocked.
2）矿工们被困在坍塌的坑道里一个多星期才得到营救。

The minters had been trapped in the collapsed gallery for over one week before they picked up.
3）女还眼巴巴地盼望父亲带她去旅行，那时他答应过的。

The girl was eagerly looking forward to having her father take her on the trip which he had promised her.
4）看见卡车朝他冲过来，他本能地迅速闪开了。

Seeing the truck dashing towards him, he jumped aside rapidly on instinct.
5）为了躲开高峰期，苏珊只得每天早上8点赶公共汽车。

[1201:63]
To avoid the rush hour, Susan has to run for the 8 o’clock bus in the morning.
6）在增援部队到达之前，战士们抵御敌人一个星期的进攻。

The soldiers had been holding out against the enemy’s attacks for a week before the reinforcements arrived.
7）二十多年来，史密斯先生一直领导着那个极为成功的企业。

For more than two decades, Mr. Smith has been in command of that very successful enterprise.
8）母亲从不屈服于在我成长过程中遇到的困难。

【1207：63】
Mother has never given in to the difficulties encountered in the course of my growing up. 9）这个国家可不能再陷入内战了，人民渴望持久的和平。

This country can not afford to have another civil war. Its people long for lasting peace. 10）他真诚的自我批评使我们更加尊重他。

His sincere self-criticism made us respect him all the more.
3）use keep, look and stop.
1）我们该停下来想一想：为什么年轻人崇拜歌星和足球明星？
It’s time we stopped to do some thinking: w hy do young people worship singing stars and football stars?
2）他抬起头来，碰巧看到一个人把手伸进一位乘客的裤兜。

He looked up and happened to see a person putting his hand into another passenger’s trouser pocket.
3）很抱歉，让大家久等了。

I’m sorry for keeping you waiting for so long.
4）没有任何力量能够阻止中国人民统一自己的国家。

No force can keep the Chinese people back from reuniting their own country.
5）有人一直盯着我，你认为我能全神贯注地工作么？
Someone keeps staring at me. Do you think I can concentrate on my work?
6）记者们把他们的相机时刻准备好，等待戴安那王妃出现。

The journalists keep their cameras ready at all times, waiting for Princess Diana to show up.
7）你要是不断地来，不断地投诉，他们没准会认真对待这个问题。

If you keep coming and keep complaining, perhaps they will take this issue seriously.
8）要是我们都躲着不理这些“坏孩子”，他们怎么能改进？
If we all keep away from these “bad children”, how ca n they get improved?
9）她两天以后再次见到部长时，他的样子就好象他从来也没见过她似的。

When she saw the minister again two days later, he looked as if he had never seen her before.
10）以前教过的一个学生来向教授求援时，他看起来很高兴。

When one of his former students came to ask him for help, the professor looked very happy.
3. Complete the following sentences:
1) (1) on (2) with; on (3) from; with (4) out; beyond (5) off
(6) away from (7) at; on; without (8) with; in to (9) in; over (10) for
(11) for (12) to (13) upon/ on (14) in (15) to
2) (1) glared (2) wrecked (3) violent (4) quit (5) screaming
●stare: If you stare at someone or something, you look at them for a long time. 盯着看;
凝视
●glare: If you glare at someone, you look at them with an angry expression on your face.
怒目而视
●damaged: 1) To damage an object means to break it, spoil it physically, or stop it from
working properly. 破坏; 损坏; 2) To damage something means to cause it to become
less good, pleasant, or successful. 损害; 伤害
●wrecked: To wreck something means to completely destroy or ruin it. 摧毁
●violent: 1) If someone is violent, or if they do something that is violent, they use
physical force or weapons to hurt, injure, or kill other people. 暴力的; 2) A violent
event happens suddenly and with great force. 猛烈的; 3) If you describe something as
violent, you mean that it is said, done, or felt very strongly. 强烈的
●brutal: A brutal act or person is cruel and violent. 残暴的
●quit: If you quit, or quit your job, you choose to leave it. 辞去(工作); 辞职; 2) If you
quit an activity or quit doing something, you stop doing it. 停止; 3) If you quit a place,
you leave it completely and do not go back to it. 彻底离开
●stop: 1) If you have been doing something and then you stop doing it, you no longer do
it. 停止; 2) If you stop something from happening, or you stop something happening,
you prevent it from happening or prevent it from continuing. 阻止; 3) IIf an activity or
process stops, it is no longer happening. 停下
●shout: If you shout, you say something very loudly, usually because you want people a
long distance away to hear you or because you are angry. 大声说出; 大喊
●scream: When someone screams, they make a very loud, high-pitched cry, for example,
because they are in pain or are very frightened. (人因痛苦或恐惧而) 尖叫
4.Choose the best word for each blank.
1) introduction 2) wondered 3) affect 4) informed 5) brief 6) out
7) actually 8) case 9) for 10) popularity 11) Likewise 12) on
语法练习答案
1. Add a suitable tag to each of the following statements.
1) didn’t they 2) didn’t you 3) didn’t they 4) do they 5) has he
6) doesn’t it 7) wouldn’t he 8) are they 9) have we 10) shall we
2. Correct the following wrong tags.
1) can’t it ---- can’t they 2) didn’t he --- didn’t they
3) wouldn’t you --- hadn’t you 4) was it --- was there
5) do I --- will they 6) didn’t they --- did they
7) do you --- will you 8) don’t they
9) didn’t he --- didn’t they 10) was he --- wasn’t he
3. Translate the following into English paying special attention to verb forms.
1、没什么东西能阻挡我们，对吧？
Nothing can hold us back, can they?
2、我比你年龄大，对吧？
I’m older than y ou, aren’t I?
3、我想你知道发生了什么事，是吧？
I think you know what has happened, don’t you?
4、别忘了给我打电话，好吗？
Don’t forget to phone me, would you?
5、你不介意我用一下你的字典，是吧？
You don’t mind if I borrow your dictionary, do you?
6、你的书还没还，是吧？
You didn’t return the book, did you?
7、冬天这里很少下雨，是吧？
It seldom rains in winter, does it?
8、我们自己动手，好吗？
Let’s do it ourselves, shall we?
9、他说他会来的，是吧？
He said he would come, didn’t he?
10、你认为他通过考试没问题，是不是？
You think that he will sure pass the examination, don’t you?
4. Put in the blanks the correct form of the verbs in the brackets.
1) arrived 2) was presenting 3) had planned 4) got 5) decided 6) am 7) did 8) wanted 9) was 10) wants 11) believe 12) would like 13) had thought 14) swims / swam
15) rides / rode 16) takes / took 17) made 18) is / was
19) talked 20) will try 21) mentioned。