剑8 Test 2 Section 1
雅思听力中名词的单复数怎么辨别
雅思听力中名词的单复数怎么辨别一、辨别方法雅思听力考试注重对细节的考查，在名词单复数形式这一点也不例外，因此除了靠“耳力”认真听以外，考生还可以通过试卷上的一些“蛛丝马迹”来判断名词的形式。
1、通过冠词、数词、量词判断通过冠词和数词、量词来判断名词的单复式形式是最直观的。
在填空题的空白之前如果出现了冠词“a”或数量词“one”，我们可以毫不犹豫的判断答案一定是单数形式;而如果出现大于1的数量词，以及a large number of，a group of等修饰复数名词的量词结构时，我们就可以判断答案为复数形式。
比如：They collect the pellets and take them to a 27…………for analysis.(剑8 Test2 Section3)Six 9…………were broken.(剑8 Test2 Section1)通过第一题中的冠词“a”，我们很容易就可以断定答案一定是单数形式;而第二题中的数词“six”则预示答案一定是复数形式。
2、通过动词的形式判断在雅思听力中，通过题干中动词的形式也可以判断名词的单复数形式。
其中最常见的是be动词，如：The 6…………of the cabinet is damaged.(剑8 Test2 Section1) There are 15…………behind the museum where students canhave lunch. (剑8 Test1 Section2)通过第一题中的be动词“is”，我们可以推断出答案是名词的单数形式;通过第二题中的be动词“are”，可以得出答案一定是复数形式。
3、通过“并列项统一”原则判断在雅思听力考试中，有些题干中出现了and, or等连词连接的两个并列成分，这种并列关系的句子往往都具有“统一性”，即碧昂咧关系的两个单词或词组在单复数形式上常常也是一致的。
根据这个原则，我们也可以推测出答案的单复数形式。
剑3-剑8听力题型
剑3Test1Section1 笔记式填空题；租房场景Section2 简答题+表格题+句子填空+多选题；医疗场景Section3 笔记式填空题；求职面试，日常生活场景Section4 选择题；关于背痛的广播，日常生活场景Test2Section1 表格题+地图题；新生入学场景Section2 笔记式填空题；新生热线帮助服务，新生入学场景Section3 单选题+笔记式填空题；学生关于求职面试的小组讨论；学术讨论场景Section4 笔记式填空题+句子填空+描述配对（多选少）；手工做帽子的研讨会；学术讨论场景Test3Section1 笔记式填空题；两个职工为公司员工准备圣诞晚餐；日常生活场景Section2 笔记式填空题+地图题；体育活动中心介绍；校园生活场景Section3 笔记式填空题；青少年电子产品竞赛；校园生活场景Section4 表格题+笔迹是填空题+单选题；鸵鸟；动物学场景Test 4Section1 笔记式填空题+地图题去医院看宝宝；日常生活场景Section2 笔记式填空题+选择配对（少选多）实用家居用品；日常生活场景Section3 单选题+选择配对（少选多）+笔记式填空题学生关于当地历史的课题研究；学术讨论场景Section4 简答题+单选题+选择配对（少选多）声音污染对房间设计的影响；环保场景剑 4 Test 1 Section 1 笔记式填空题+表格填空题；旅游场景Section 2 句子填空+地图题；参观工业园；旅游场景Section 3 单选题+描述配对+图表描述配对；学生申请作业延期课程学习场景Section 4 笔记式填空题；城市园林，环保场景Test 2 Section 1 单选题+句子填空题；旅游场景Section 2 单选题；向学生介绍咨询服务；新生见面会场景Section 3 笔记式填空题+多选题+表格题；学术讨论场景Section 4 单选题+笔记式填空题+多选题；公司犯罪；学术报告场景Test 3 Section 1 个人信息表格题+单选题+句子填空；租房场景Section 2 单选题+表格题；旅游场景Section 3 单选题；课程咨询场景Section 4 笔记式填空题+表格题+多选题；有关学生会大楼重建的报告；校园生活场景Test 4 Section 1 笔记式填空题；筹办换送party，日常生活场景·Section 2 单选题+表格题；旅行社提供的walking holiday；旅游场景Section 3 表格题+描述配对题；两个学生选择课题实验，课程讨论场景Section 4 笔记式填空题+单选题+多选题；鲸鱼，动物场景剑 5 Test 1 Section 1 笔记式填空题+多选题+句子填空；游客向旅行社咨询；旅游场景Section 2 表格题+句子填空；有关婴儿床的广播节目；日常生活Section 3 单选题+多选题+概括性填空题；课程咨询场景Section 4 句子填空+概括性填空题；有关男女存钱的讲座；学术讨论Test 2 Section 1 笔记式填空；图书馆场景Section 2 单选题+句子填空+多选题；介绍一个慈善机构；日常生活场景Section 3 表格填空题；两个学生关于“student life”的课题研究；课程讨论Section 4 笔记式填空题；学术报告（南极洲调查情况）Test 3 Section 1 个人信息表格填空题；汽车场景；日常生活场景Section 2 多选题+笔记式填空题+单选题；新生见面会Section 3 表格题；有关课程反馈的讨论；课程设置讨论Section 4 句子填空题+表格题；环保场景Test 4 Section 1 个人信息表格填空题；租房场景Section 2 句子填空题+表格题；足球俱乐部的介绍；校园生活Section 3 笔记式填空题+单选题+描述配对题（多选少）；某公司的案例研究；学术讨论场景Section 4 单选题+分类配对题（少选多）；图书馆场景剑 6 Test 1 Section 1 笔记式填空题+表格题+句子填空题；健身俱乐部的咨询；日常生活Section 2 描述配对题+表格题；一家剧院的介绍；日常生活Section 3 单选题+表格题+概括性填空题；课程咨询Section 4 表格题+多选题；伦敦东部历史的介绍；学术讨论Test 2 Section 1 句子填空题+表格题；儿童学习班的咨询与介绍；日常生活场景Section 2 句子填空题+表格题+多选题；train services 的介绍；日常生活场景Section 3 笔记式填空题；导师带领学生讨论论文；学术讨论Section 4 单选题+句子填空题；电影的发展史；学术讨论Test 3 Section 1 个人信息填空题；银行开户场景；日常生活Section 2 单选题+地图题+句子填空题；名人故居的介绍，旅游场景Section 3 笔记式填空题；人们对音乐的不；同喜好的讨论，学术讨论场景Section 4 单选题+句子填空题；介绍农业经济在爱尔兰的发展史；学术讨论Test 4 Section 1 笔记式填空题；酒店会议安排咨询；日常生活Section 2 描述配对（多选少）+表格题；展会志愿者培训；日常生活Section 3 概括性填空题+简答题+多选题；图书馆场景Section 4 单选题+句子填空题；有关亚洲狮的讲座，动物场景剑7 Test 1 Section 1 笔记式填空题+个人信息填空题；打电话咨询交通服务，订车票Section 2 单选题+分类配对题；野营公司介绍，旅游场景Section 3 笔记式填空题+单选题+句子填空题；课程讨论场景Section 4 笔记式填空题+句子填空题；有关岩石艺术的讲座Test 2 Section 1 个人信息填空题；汽车保险场景Section 2 地图题+表格题+简答题；旅游场景Section 3 单选题+表格题+多选题；有关南极洲的介绍Section 4 单选题+表格题；人的左右手的灵活性在体育运动中的影响Test 3 Section 1 句子填空+表格题；学生申请兼职工作Section 2 单选题+表格题；旅游场景Section 3 句子填空+流程图+配对题；海洋研究场景Section 4 单选题+笔记式填空题；有关酒店管理和旅游业的报告Test 4 Section 1 个人信息填空题+简答题；租房场景Section 2 单选题+地图题+表格题；旅游场景Section 3 句子填空题+分类配对题+表格题；学术讨论场景Section 4 单选题+笔记式填空题；有关味精的讲座剑8 Test 1 Section 1 单选题+表格填空题；旅游场景Section 2 句子填空题+多选题；参观恐龙博物馆，旅游场景Section 3 单选题+多选题+句子填空；学术讨论场景Section 4 笔记式填空题；地理场景Test 2 Section 1 个人信息填空题+表格题；找保险公司理赔Section 2 单选题+地图题；旅游场景Section 3 单选题+笔记式填空题；动物场景，澳大利亚的蜜蜂Section 4 单选题+描述配对；有关医生的调查研究报告Test 3 Section 1 个人信息填空题+表格题+多选题；租房场景Section 2 笔记式填空题+表格填空题；旅游场景Section 3 单选题+分类配对题；有关拉美人的调查研究的学术讨论Section 4 单选题+笔记式填空题；有关成功的讲座Test 4 Section 1 填空题；招聘Section 2 单选题+地图配对题；城市规划Section 3 多选题+单选题+流程图；学生间有关课程的交流Section 4 分类配对+笔记式填空题；有关澳大利亚的土著岩石壁画的讲座。
雅思8text2section2
雅思8text2section2英文回答：In the IELTS test, there are four sections: listening, reading, writing, and speaking. Among these sections, the speaking test is the only one that involves direct interaction with the examiner. It is a face-to-faceinterview where the examiner assesses your speaking skillsin terms of fluency, coherence, lexical resource, and grammatical range and accuracy.The speaking test is divided into three parts. In Part 1, the examiner asks you some general questions about yourself, your family, your hobbies, and so on. For example, the examiner might ask, "Do you enjoy cooking? Why or why not?" In this part, it is important to give detailed answers and provide examples to support your opinions. This will show the examiner that you can speak at length and express your ideas clearly.In Part 2, you are given a topic and you have one minute to prepare before speaking for two minutes. This is often referred to as the "cue card" or "long turn" section. For example, the topic might be "Describe a memorable holiday you have had." During the preparation time, it is helpful to jot down some key points or ideas that you want to talk about. When speaking, try to structure your response by introducing the topic, giving details and examples, and then concluding. This will make your speech more organized and coherent.In Part 3, the examiner asks you more abstract questions related to the topic in Part 2. This part is designed to assess your ability to discuss abstract ideas and express opinions. For example, the examiner might ask, "Do you think it is important to take holidays? Why or why not?" In this part, it is important to use a wide range of vocabulary and complex sentence structures to demonstrate your language proficiency.Overall, the speaking test is an opportunity for you to showcase your English speaking skills. It is important tospeak confidently, use a variety of vocabulary and grammar structures, and provide examples and details to supportyour ideas.中文回答：雅思考试中，有听力、阅读、写作和口语四个部分。
2021年剑桥雅思8听力解析test2
Section1Question 1 答案 Milperra 听前预测 :提示词为 address,此处应填地址。
题目解析 :本题难度不大,按照拼写记录下来即可得分。
英文地址顺序是由小到大,普通为：门牌号+路名+区域名。
紧记该模式,听录音之前,可以达到精确预测目。
Question 2 答案 First Class Movers 听前预测 :提示词为 shipping agent,此处应填机构名称。
题目解析 :所听即所得,机构名称属于专有名词,答案应大写首字母。
Question 3 答案 28 November 听前预测 :定位词为 arrival,提示词为 date,此处应填日期或星期。
题目解析 :本题出题句为 It left on the 11th of October and got to Sydney on the 28th of November(货品 10 月 11 号寄出,11 月 28 日到悉尼)。
要注意区别出发时间和到达时间,本题强调 arrival(到达),故答案为 28 November。
Question 4 答案screen 听前预测:定位词为television,提示词为the...needs to be replaced,此处需填名词(单数)。
题目解析:原文中用TV替代了题干中television,出题句为It isn’t an electrical problem. The screen has a huge crack in it so it’s unusable(不是电路问题,屏幕有一种大裂缝,所以看不了)。
从而得知是 screen 需要修理。
Question 5 答案 bathroom 听前预测 :定位词为 item,提示词为 the...cabinet,此处应填名词或形容词。
题目解析 :本题难度不大,Judy 问 What was the second item?(第二件物品是什么?)这是本题很重要一种提示语。
剑桥雅思4-11-听力阅读真题难度
剑8 剑10 难度最大，建议当作考前模拟听力：1.入门级：剑4剑5所有section 1做完再做section2,然后section3,4以此类推4轮做题方法第一遍：听题-不核对答案第二遍：重听-核对答案第三遍：听懂-对照原文，听懂大意第四遍：精听-听懂，积累替换词汇2.熟练运用：剑7剑6剑9训练解题技巧，总结易错题型Test 1 test2 test3 test4此阶段按照section1-4的考试顺序开始练习，整体难度是剑7-6-9依次递增，也就是说先剑7，再剑6，最后剑93.全真模拟突破：剑8剑10这两套留在最后的考试前作套题练习，即和阅读、写作、口语科目一起完成。
因为目前考试总体难度和剑8较为接近，可以重点练习剑8.剑10出版时间较短，难度偏大。
记住模拟考试时需要充分预留填答题卡的时间。
另外，剑4-剑10中比较难的section在此列出，多花时间精听，按照入门步骤（第一步，初步入门）的4轮做题方法精听。
（521=剑5 test2 section1）Section1 ：521 841 931 941Section2 ：932 612 522 842Section3 ： 813 843 623Section4 ：814 824 834 844阅读部分：剑桥雅思真题阅读难度等级list初级入门难度：511， 513， 521， 541613， 621， 622711911, 931中等难度：512， 533， 542642713， 723， 741， 743912， 922， 933， 942, 943非常难度：533剑8和剑10的阅读建议留到最后进行套题练习雅思阅读题型包括：1、T/F/NG2、SUMMARY3、SENTENCE COMPLETION4、TABLE/FLOW CHART5、SHORT ANSWER6、LIST OF HEADINGS7、CHOICE8、MATCHING/CLASSIFY9、INFORMATION CONTAINING练习步骤：1.先做单项题型,每个题型都做懂，每种题型练习2-3篇就行。
雅思听力这些考题中容易出现陷阱
雅思听力这些考题中容易出现陷阱在雅思听力考试中，经常会出一些时间先后的问题，或者是主观和客观的问题，在这些考题中经常会设置一些陷阱，让我们一不小心就做错了。
今天小编为大家总结一下雅思听力考试中容易出现错误的几个点，需要大家特别注意一下。
雅思听力这些考题中容易出现陷阱注意点1.时间先后考题中经常通过现在和过去的状况的比较来设置陷阱，考生要特别注意used to, in the past, many years ago, atpresent, now，in the future 等一系列提示时间先后的词。
例如在租房场景中房东会说这里从前有5个人住，后来走了两个，所以现在就只有三个人住了，而题目问的是现在房子里住的人数，答案就自然应该是3而不是5了。
注意点2.信息拆分这一个注意点表现得比较明显的就是数字。
很多考生现在都知道重点靠后原则，所以答案中往往会写最后听到的一个数字。
在考试中有时会把一个完整信息拆成两半，在答题时就要注意综合两方面的信息，其中重点词不是非常明显。
举个例子来说，录音中说一个学校里男生有500人，女生有480人，但在题干中，问的却是这个学校总共有多少人。
这时候就需要考生把两个数字加起来。
又如在面试场景中，面试者介绍经历时说在纽约住了5年，又在西雅图住了2年。
那班级的总人数和在美国居住的时间就应该是前后两个数据的相加。
注意点3.主观和客观很多烤鸭对这个陷阱不是非常敏感，常常在不知不觉中就把答案写错了。
在做雅思听力题的时候一定要看清题干，看要求回答的到底是主观还是客观的情况。
考题中会出现主观愿望和客观事实的冲突，这时要注意usually,comm. on,want to, plan to等词。
举例来说，一个教授和一个学生正在就论文延期的情况讨论，教授说论文延期的理由只能是生病或批准的事假，学生说是因为正在做另外一个重要的论文;而在题干中问的是教授说的理由。
那么这时候考生就一定要注意了。
注意点4.言外之意这种情况一般要通过理解做题，比如说在租房过程中房东问来访者愿不愿意和比人合住，来访者答他要拿学位，需要集中精力学习，如果和别人和住会有很多干扰。
剑桥雅思8写作解析test2
小作文题目：The three pie charts below show the changes in annual spending by a particular UK school in 1981, 1991and 2001范文：The pie charts show how a school spent money, in percentage terms, in the years 1981, 1991and 2001, across five categories.The majority of spending in each year was on salaries. Teachers’ salaries accounted for 40% of spending in 1981. This increased to 50% in 1991, but dropped to 45% in 2001. Salaries for other workers accounted for 28% of spending in 1981, 22% in 1991 and 15% in 2001, demonstrating a constant fall.Spending on resources such as books and on furniture and equipment took up 30% of spending in 1981 – 15% each. By 1991, spending on resources had risen to 20% whilst spending on furniture and equipment had fallen dramatically to only 5%. By 2001, spending on resources had more than halved (in percentage terms) to 9% whereas spending on furniture and equipment had risen relatively substantially to 23%.Finally, spending on insurance rose from 2% in 1981 to 3% in 1991 and thereafter to a more significant 9% of the total in 2001.In summary, relative spending in all five categories changed a lot, with spending on teachers’ salaries being the largest portion.大作文题目：Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make? Has this become a positive or negative development? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience.范文1——不同意题目的说法In this essay, I shall say why I believe technology has had largely negative effects on the way people interact with each other.The main technology that people use to create relationships nowadays is the Internet. This can be used in a variety of ways, notably by joining social networking sites or dating sites. It often seems that such websites encourage people to form friendships based on little information and on information which may not be true. For example, a website might recommend that two people become friends on the basis of the fact that they both like a particular film. The suggestion is that the people both like this film, therefore they both like the same films generally and/or have the same interests. If the information provided by website users is false (for example gender or age), a face- to- face friendship is very unlikely and the ‘friendship’ is likely to remain online only.I think that television has also affected the types of relationships people make, by dramatising certain types of relationships (for example on soap operas), and suggesting that these are the ones that are important in the real world and/ or that these are the relationships people should copy. Some people seem to think that they must make their lives as dramatic as those depicted on television, otherwise their lives will be dull. The constant need for drama can certainly have an effect on a person’ s relationships with others.To conclude, I think that technology has provided people with new ways to form relationships, but that the results have usually been negative, particularly compared to face- to- face communication and relationship creation.范文2——同意题目的说法I think that technology has largely affected types of relationships between people in a positive way and shall outline my reasons in this essay.Most importantly, in my opinion, technology has enabled people to stay in contact with each other more closely. People can use the Internet and mobile phones to speak to each other and send information to each other. Moreover, this information can be in the form of pictures or videos. Thus, even if people are far from each other, they can feel close. In the modern world, where people often live and work or study in different places – even different countries – to those where their family members are, this is very important to people. In this way, technology helps people to maintain existing relationships.Secondly, technology has allowed people to become friends with others who they would normally not be able to make friends with. In the past, people might have had pen friends in other countries, but now, thanks to social networking websites, people can easily connect with those who have similar interests. It is true that these relationships might not be very strong, but they can develop if the friends use them as the basis for forming closer friendships, for example if they visit each others’ countries. The fact that most of the relationships created on social networking sites are not strong does not mean that such sites are worthless.In conclusion, I am generally positive about the effects technology has had on relationships of different types, because it helps people to make friends and to maintain relationships.。
剑8 Test 2 Section 2
剑8 Test 2 Section 2Welcome to Green V ale Agricultural Park. As you know, we have only been open a week so you are amongst our first visitors. We have lots of fascinating indoor and outdoor exhibits on our huge complex, spreading hundreds of hectares. Our remit is to give educational opportunities to the wider public as well as to offer research sites for a wide variety of agriculturists and other scientists.Let's start by seeing what there is to do. As you can see, here, on our giant wall plan, we are now situated in the reception blcok, here, as you walk out of the main door into the park, there is a path you can follow. If you follow this route, you will immediately come into the rare breeds section, where we keep a wide variety of animals, which I shall be telling you a little more about later. Next to this, moving east is the large grazing area, for the rare breeds. Then, further east, in the largest section of our park, is the Forest Area. South of the grazing area and in fact just next to the reception block is our experimental crop area. In the middle of the park, this circular area is our lake. These two small rectangular shapes, here, are the Fish Farms where we rear fish for sell. To the east of those is the marsh area, which attracts a great many migrant birds. And in the South Eastern Corner, beyond the marsh, is our Market Garden area, growing vegetables and flowers. .............................................................................................................................................................. All these areas can be visited by the general public for almost all the year...although...please take note of the large signs at the entrance to each area which tell...which tell you when certain areas are being used for particular controlled experiments and are therefore temporarily out of bounds to the public.Y ou can see for yourself what a huge area the park covers and a key question is always, how can we move around? Well you have a choice of means... All environmentally friendly...cars are banned in the park. We have bicycles which you can hire behind the Reception block...here...the healthy ones of you can go on foot and finally there’s our electric tram, powered from solar cells. Y ou find more information about this at the front entrance.A good place to start on your tour is the Rare Breeds section. We keep goats, sheep and hens and other kinds of poultry. We are also thinking of bringing in cows and horses but we do not, as yet, have facilities for these bigger animals. The animals are fed in public twice a day and a short lecture given on their feeding habits and nutritional needs. These are very popular with the public but of course we mustn’t lose sight of the main purpose of having this section, not as such to preserve rare animals but to maintain the diversity of breeds to broaden the gene pool for agricultural development. Green V ale changes with the seasons with different events happening at different times of the year. May will be perhaps our most spectacular month with the arrival of the Canada geese and when our fruit trees will be in full blossom, but there are interesting events on all year round...for example John Havers, our expert fly fisherman, is currently giving displays on the lake. Each of the sections has its own seasonal calendar...please consult the summary board at the main entrance. And the final section, as we return to the Reception blocks, is the orchard.Do take time to browse round our shop...there is a wide selection of books on wildlife, some of them written by local authors, and the history of farming, including organic farming, something which the park will be diversifying into in the months.。
雅思听力地图题实用答题技巧
雅思听力地图题实用答题技巧雅思听力考试中，地图题是比较常见的题型，同时也是考生认为难度比较大的题型之一。
今天小编为大家带来的是雅思听力地图题答题技巧，包括如何审题、经常出现的位置等等。
希望能帮助大家结合有效的练习掌握雅思听力地图题解题方法。
雅思听力地图题实用答题技巧首先明确下地图题的出题位置，一般来说地图题出现在Section2(Part2)，每次设计的题目在3-5题左右，题量不算大，但是出题频率非常稳定，基本每个月会出现1-2次。
基本题型分为填空题和匹配题。
地图题如何准确的审题，审题技巧分享审方向标：需要注意这里分为两种类型，一种地图标出了方向标的，一种未给出方向标。
给出了方向标要在脑海中快速对方向类词做下快速反应练习。
例：East、West、South、North，提前预热方位词。
如果没有方向标大概率不会用方向定位，因此熟悉图中的参照物信息即可。
这里需要注意的是从目前官方公布的真题来看，听力中所讲的左右和学生做题时的左右是一致的，不会出现左右相反的情况。
审题型：上文已提到，地图题大致分为两类，填空和匹配。
两种题型对应的做题方式稍有不同，本节以剑8T2S2为例重点讲解填空题类地图题。
审参照物：参照物信息指的的在地图中未挖空的标有明确信息的部分。
对方向不敏感的同学更要对参照物信息认真研究。
A.参照物部分只需要获取的信息是发音和位置，并且需要注意参照物之间的位置关系，注意一系列表示位置关系的词，例：表示上：over、above、top…表示下：under、beneath、below…表示旁边：beside、next to、near、be close to… 表示对面：on the opposite of、facing、far side…B.除此之外有些题目会用参照物的形状进行定位，例如剑8T2S2的13题在音频中的表述就是…These two small rectangular shapeshere…are the…剑9T2S2中的字母F也处在一个circle中，对应在音频中的表达就是…you can go to the flower garden that’s the circular area on the map surrounded by paths. 因此类似于rectangle(长方形)、triangle(三角形)、diamond(菱形)、square(正方向)、oval(椭圆形)…这些常见的基础图形表达也需要积累。
雅思备考听力篇 剑8 test 2 section 2 雅思听力高频词汇.doc
雅思备考听力篇剑8 test 2 section 2 雅思听力高频词汇今天我们雅思备考听力篇的文章来研究剑8 test 2 section 2。
题型上来看，这部分由3道地图题和7道单项选择题构成。
其中地图题在考试中大概一个月出现一次，并且固定在section 2介绍景点的场景中。
选择题则一直都是section 2的常客，极其偶尔的可能被多选取代。
场景上来看，这篇文章介绍了一个农业公园的情况。
仍然算作是景点介绍场景。
跟往常一样，我们总结下其中出现的雅思听力高频词汇。
雅思听力高频词汇agriculture 农业。
很早就会学过的单词，但日常生活中使用的并不多。
因此有些同学可能出现拼写错误，大家多加注意一下。
opportunity 机会。
既有可能出现在section 4中作为填空题的答案，也有可能在选择题的选项中与chance同义替换。
reception 前台，接待处。
在section 1中通常作为前台，出现在求职场景或者住宿场景中。
在section 2的地图题中则往往作为接待处，是游览路径的起点。
route 路。
同样在section 2地图题中表示路的单词还有path，drive，lane等单词，大家熟悉下读音和意思就好。
breed 繁殖，种类。
既可以做动词，也可以做名词。
两者都有可能作为填空题的答案或文章来自雅思者选择题的选项。
大家要知道意思，会拼写。
rectangular 矩形的。
在雅思听力中有可能出现的表达形状的词还有triangular（三角形的）和circular（圆形的）。
close 关闭。
这个词相信大家都认识，这里主要说的是它在听力原文中与out of bond （脱离接触）同义替换，大家要注意积累一下。
electric tram 有轨电车。
雅思听力section 2原文中经常出现的单词，有可能作为选项，但不怎么作为填空题的答案，注意含义即可。
solar 太阳能的。
偶尔会在section 4中作为填空题的答案出现，经常与cell连用（solar cell），表示太阳能电池。
剑8 TEST1 听力1
精选2021版课件
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• NINA: What? A book?
• GEORGE: No, a brochure from a Example summer festival—mainly Spanish music. Look, I’ve got it here.
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NAME: ADDRESS: POSTCODE: TELEPHONE:
George O'Neill
3 _4_8_N__o_rt_h__A_v_e_n_u_e______, Westsea 4 _W__S_6_2_Y_H_____ 5 _0_1_6_7_4__5_5_3_2_4_2
4
• symphony
交响乐
• sonata [sə'nɑːtə] 奏鸣曲
• serenade[serə'neɪd] 小夜曲
• overture['əʊvətj(ʊ)ə] 前奏曲
• concerto[kən'tʃɜːtəʊ]协奏曲
• march
进行曲
• opera
歌剧
• musical
音乐剧
•
精选2021版课件
精选2021版课件
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• NINA: Sounds great. • GEORGE: Okay. Shall we go then? Spoil
ourselves? • NINA: Yes, let’s. • George: The only problem is there aren’t any
雅思听力中名词的单复数怎么辨别
雅思听力中名词的单复数怎么辨别（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如工作报告、致辞讲话、条据书信、合同范本、规章制度、应急预案、心得体会、教学资料、作文大全、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as work reports, speeches, policy letters, contract templates, rules and regulations, emergency plans, insights, teaching materials, essay encyclopedias, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please pay attention!雅思听力中名词的单复数怎么辨别在雅思听力考试中，由于名词的单复数形式出现错误，导致失分的情况屡见不鲜，很多考生在考试中对于这个问题也是很纠结。
剑8-Test-2-Section-1
剑8 Test 2 Section 1JUDY: Good morning。
Total Insurance。
Judy speaking, how may I help you？MICHAEL: I recently shipped my belongings from overseas back here to Australia and I took out insurance with your company。
Some items were damaged during the move so I needto make a claim. What do I have to do？JUDY：Okay, well first I need to get a few details about this. Can you give me your name please?MICHAEL: Yes. It’s Michael Alexander.JUDY: Okay. And your address please？MICHAEL：My old address or my current one?JUDY: You current one。
MICHAEL: It’s 24 Manly street, Milperra near Sydney。
JUDY: What was the suburb，sorry?MICHAEL: Milperra。
M-I—L-P-E—R—R—A.JUDY：Right。
Now，who was the shipping agent Mr Alexander？MICHAEL: You mean the company we used?JUDY：Yes，the company who packed everything up at the point of origin。
MICHAEL：Oh, it was。
剑桥雅思阅读解析8（test2）
剑桥雅思阅读解析8(test2)店铺为大家整理收集了剑桥雅思阅读8真题解析：test2阅读原文解析，希望对各位考生的备考有所帮助,祝每位烤鸭考试顺利，都能取得好成绩!剑桥雅思阅读8原文(test2)READING PASSAGE 1You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-13, which are based on Reading Passage 1 below.Sheet glass manufacture:the float processGlass, which has been made since the time of the Mesopotamians and Egyptians, is little more than a mixture of sand, soda ash and lime. When heated to about 1500 degrees Celsius (℃) this becomes a molten mass that hardens when slowly cooled. The first successful method for making clear, flat glass involved spinning. This method was very effective as the glass had not touched any surfaces between being soft and becoming hard, so it stayed perfectly unblemished, with a 'fire finish'. However, the process took a long time and was labour intensive.Nevertheless, demand for flat glass was very high and glassmakers across the world were looking for a method of making it continuously. The first continuous ribbon process involved squeezing molten glass through two hot rollers, similar to an old mangle. This allowed glass of virtually any thickness to be made non-stop, but the rollers would leave both sides of the glass marked, and these would then need to be ground and polished. This part of the process rubbed away around 20 per cent of the glass, and the machines were very expensive.The float process for making flat glass was invented by Alistair Pilkington. This process allows the manufacture of clear, tinted and coated glass for buildings, and clear and tinted glass for vehicles. Pilkington had been experimenting with improving the melting process, and in 1952 he had the idea of using a bed of molten metal to form the flat glass, eliminating altogether the need for rollers within the float bath. The metal had to melt at a temperature less than the hardening point of glass (about 600℃), but could not boil at a temperature below the temperature of the molten glass (about 1500℃). The best metal for the job was tin.The rest of the concept relied on gravity, which guaranteed that the surface of the molten metal was perfectly flat and horizontal. Consequently, when pouring molten glass onto the molten tin, the underside of the glass would also be perfectly flat. If the glass were kept hot enough, it would flow over the molten tin until the top surface was also flat, horizontal and perfectly parallel to the bottom surface. Once the glass cooled to 604℃ or less it was too hard to mark and could be transported out of the cooling zone by rollers. The glass settled to a thickness of six millimetres because of surface tension interactions between the glass and the tin. By fortunate coincidence, 60 per cent of the flat glass market at that time was for six-millimetre glass.Pilkington built a pilot plant in 1953 and by 1955 he had convinced his company to build a full-scale plant. However, it took 14 months of non-stop production, costing the company ￡100,000 a month, before the plant produced any usable glass. Furthermore, once they succeeded in making marketable flat glass, the machine was turned off for a service to prepare it for years of continuous production. When it started up again it took another four months to get the process right again. They finallysucceeded in 1959 and there are now float plants all over the world, with each able to produce around 1000 tons of glass every day, non-stop for around 15 years.Float plants today make glass of near optical quality. Several processes —melting, refining, homogenising —take place simultaneously in the 2000 tonnes of molten glass in the furnace. They occur in separate zones in a complex glass flow driven by high temperatures. It adds up to a continuous melting process, lasting as long as 50 hours, that delivers glass smoothly and continuously to the float bath, and from there to a coating zone and finally a heat treatment zone, where stresses formed during cooling are relieved.The principle of float glass is unchanged since the 1950s. However, the product has changed dramatically, from a single thickness of 6.8 mm to a range from sub-millimetre to 25 mm, from a ribbon frequently marred by inclusions and bubbles to almost optical perfection. To ensure the highest quality, inspection takes place at every stage. Occasionally, a bubble is not removed during refining, a sand grain refuses to melt, a tremor in the tin puts ripples into the glass ribbon. Automated on-line inspection does two things. Firstly, it reveals process faults upstream that can be corrected. Inspection technology allows more than 100 million measurements a second to be made across the ribbon, locating flaws the unaided eye would be unable to see. Secondly, it enables computers downstream to steer cutters around flaws.Float glass is sold by the square metre, and at the final stage computers translate customer requirements into patterns of cuts designed to minimise waste.Questions 1-8Complete the table and diagram below.Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 1-8 on your answer sheet.Early methods of producing flat glassMethod Advantages Disadvantages1............Glass remained2........... ? Slow3.............RibbonCould produce glass sheets of varying 4.............non-stop process ? Glass was 5...........20% of glass rubbed awayMachines were expensive图片11Questions 9-13Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 1?In boxes 9-13 on your answer sheet, writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information on this9 The metal used in the float process had to have specific properties.10 Pilkington invested some of his own money in his float plant.11 Pilkington’s first full-scale plant was an instant commercial success.12 The process invented by Pilkington has now beenimproved.13 Computers are better than humans at detecting faults in glass.READING PASSAGE 2You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 on the following pages.Question 14-17Reading passage 2 has six paragraphs, A-F.Choose the correct heading for paragraphs B and D-F from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-ix, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi Predicting climatic changesii The relevance of the Little Ice Age todayiii How cities contribute to climate change.iv Human impact on the climatev How past climatic conditions can be determinedvi A growing need for weather recordsvii A study covering a thousand yearsviii People have always responded to climate changeix Enough food at lastExample AnswerParagraph A Viii14 Paragraph BExample AnswerParagraph C V15 Paragraph D16 Paragraph E17 Paragraph FTHE LITTLE ICE AGEA This book will provide a detailed examination of the Little Ice Age and other climatic shifts, but, before I embark on that, let me provide a historical context. We tend to think of climate — as opposed to weather — as something unchanging, yet humanity has been at the mercy of climate change for its entire existence, with at least eight glacial episodes in the past 730,000 years. Our ancestors adapted to the universal but irregular global warming since the end of the last great Ice Age, around 10,000 years ago, with dazzling opportunism. They developed strategies for surviving harsh drought cycles, decades of heavy rainfall or unaccustomed cold; adopted agriculture and stock-raising, which revolutionised human life; and founded the world's first pre-industrial civilisations in Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Americas. But the price of sudden climate change, in famine, disease and suffering, was often high.B The Little Ice Age lasted from roughly 1300 until the middle of the nineteenth century. Only two centuries ago, Europe experienced a cycle of bitterly cold winters; mountain glaciers in the Swiss Alps were the lowest in recorded memory, and pack ice surrounded Iceland for much of the year. The climatic events of the Little Ice Age did more than help shape the modern world. They are the deeply important context for the current unprecedented global warming. The Little Ice Age was far from a deep freeze, however; rather an irregular seesaw of rapid climatic shifts, few lasting more than a quarter-century, driven by complex and still little understood interactions between the atmosphere and the ocean. The seesaw brought cycles of intensely cold winters and easterly winds, then switched abruptly to years of heavy spring and early summer rains, mild winters,and frequent Atlantic storms, or to periods of droughts, light northeasterly winds, and summer heat waves.C Reconstructing the climate changes of the past is extremely difficult, because systematic weather observations began only a few centuries ago, in Europe and North America. Records from India and tropical Africa are even more recent. For the time before records began, we have only 'proxy records' reconstructed largely from tree rings and ice cores, supplemented by a few incomplete written accounts. We now have hundreds of tree-ring records from throughout the northern hemisphere, and many from south of the equator, too, amplified with a growing body of temperature data from ice cores drilled in Antarctica, Greenland, the Peruvian Andes, and other locations, we are close to a knowledge of annual summer and winter temperature variations over much of the northern hemisphere going back 600 years.D This book is a narrative history of climatic shifts during the past ten centuries, and some of the ways in which people in Europe adapted to them. Part One describes the Medieval Warm Period, roughly 900 to 1200. During these three centuries, Norse voyagers from Northern Europe explored northern seas, settled Greenland, and visited North America. It was not a time of uniform warmth, for then, as always since the Great Ice Age, there were constant shifts in rainfall and temperature. Mean European temperatures were about the same as today, perhaps slightly cooler.E It is known that the Little Ice Age cooling began in Greenland and the Arctic in about 1200. As the Arctic ice pack spread southward, Norse voyages to the west were rerouted into the open Atlantic, then ended altogether. Storminess increased in the North Atlantic and North Sea. Colder, much wetter weatherdescended on Europe between 1315 and 1319, when thousands perished in a continent-wide famine. By 1400, the weather had become decidedly more unpredictable and stormier, with sudden shifts and lower temperatures that culminated in the cold decades of the late sixteenth century. Fish were a vital commodity in growing towns and cities, where food supplies were a constant concern. Dried cod and herring were already the staples of the European fish trade, but changes in water temperatures forced fishing fleets to work further offshore. The Basques, Dutch, and English developed the first offshore fishing boats adapted to a colder and stormier Atlantic. A gradual agricultural revolution in northern Europe stemmed from concerns over food supplies at a time of rising populations. The revolution involved intensive commercial farming and the growing of animal fodder on land not previously used for crops. The increased productivity from farmland made some countries self-sufficient in grain and livestock and offered effective protection against famine.F Global temperatures began to rise slowly after 1850, with the beginning of the Modern Warm Period. There was a vast migration from Europe by land-hungry farmers and others, to which the famine caused by the Irish potato blight contributed, to North America, Australia, New Zealand, and southern Africa. Millions of hectares of forest and woodland fell before the newcomers' axes between 1850 and 1890, as intensive European farming methods expanded across the world. The unprecedented land clearance released vast quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, triggering for the first time humanly caused global warming. Temperatures climbed more rapidly in the twentieth century as the use of fossil fuels proliferated and greenhouse gas levels continued to soar. The rise has been even steeper since theearly 1980s. The Little Ice Age has given way to a new climatic regime, marked by prolonged and steady warming. At the same time, extreme weather events like Category 5 hurricanes are becoming more frequent.Questions 18-22Complete the summary using the list of words, A-I, below.Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 18-22 on your answer sheet.Weather during the Little Ice AgeDocumentation of past weather conditions is limited: our main sources of knowledge of conditions in the distant past are 18...........and 19.................. We can deduce that the Little Ice Age was a time of 20.............. , rather than of consistent freezing. Within it there were some periods of very cold winters, other of 21...............and heavy rain, and yet others that saw 22................with no rain at all.A climatic shiftsB ice coresC tree ringsD glaciersE interactionsF weather observationsG heat waves H storms I written accountsQuestions 23-26Classify the following events as occurring during theA Medieval Warm PeriodB Little Ice AgeC Modern Warm PeriodWrite the correct letter, A, B or C, in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet.23 Many Europeans started farming abroad.24 The cutting down of trees began to affect the climate.25 Europeans discovered other lands.26 Changes took place in fishing patterns.READING PASSAGE 3You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 3 on the following pages.Questions 27-32Reading Passage 3 has six paragraphs, A-F.Choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.Write the correct number, i-viii, in boxes 27-32 on your answer sheet.List of Headingsi The difficulties of talking about smellsii The role of smell in personal relationshipsiii Future studies into smelliv The relationship between the brain and the nosev The interpretation of smells as a factor in defining groups vi Why our sense of smell is not appreciatedvii Smell is our superior senseviii The relationship between smell and feelings27 paragraph A28 paragraph B29 paragraph C30 paragraph D31 paragraph E32 paragraph FThe meaning and power of smellThe sense of smell, or olfaction, is powerful. Odours affect us on a physical, psychological and social level. For the most part, however, we breathe in the aromas which surround us without being consciously aware of their importance to us. It is only when the faculty of smell is impaired for some reason that we begin torealise the essential role the sense of smell plays in our sense of well-beingA A survey conducted by Anthony Synott at Montreal's Concordia University asked participants to comment on how important smell was to them in their lives. It became apparent that smell can evoke strong emotional responses. A scent associated with a good experience can bring a rush of joy, while a foul odour or one associated with a bad memory may make us grimace with disgust. Respondents to the survey noted that many of their olfactory likes and dislikes were based on emotional associations. Such associations can be powerful enough so that odours that we would generally label unpleasant become agreeable, and those that we would generally consider fragrant become disagreeable for particular individuals. The perception of smell, therefore, consists not only of the sensation of the odours themselves, but of the experiences and emotions associated with them.B Odours are also essential cues in social bonding. One respondent to the survey believed that there is no true emotional bonding without touching and smelling a loved one. In fact, infants recognise the odours of their mothers soon after birth and adults can often identify their children or spouses by scent. In one well-known test, women and men were able to distinguish by smell alone clothing worn by their marriage partners from similar clothing worn by other people. Most of the subjects would probably never have given much thought to odour as a cue for identifying family members before being involved in the test, but as the experiment revealed, even when not consciously considered, smells register.C In spite of its importance to our emotional and sensorylives, smell is probably the most undervalued sense in many cultures. The reason often given for the low regard in which smell is held is that, in comparison with its importance among animals, the human sense of smell is feeble and undeveloped. While it is true that the olfactory powers of humans are nothing like as fine as those possessed by certain animals, they are still remarkably acute. Our noses are able to recognise thousands of smells, and to perceive odours which are present only in extremely small quantities.D Smell, however, is a highly elusive phenomenon. Odours, unlike colours, for instance, cannot be named in many languages because the specific vocabulary simply doesn't exist. ‘It smells like…,’ we have to say when describing an odour, struggling to express our olfactory experience. Nor can odours be recorded: there is no effective way to either capture or store them over time. In the realm of olfaction, we must make do with descriptions and recollections. This has implications for olfactory research.E Most of the research on smell undertaken to date has been of a physical scientific nature. Significant advances have been made in the understanding of the biological and chemical nature of olfaction, but many fundamental questions have yet to be answered. Researchers have still to decide whether smell is one sense or two — one responding to odours proper and the other registering odourless chemicals in the air. Other unanswered questions are whether the nose is the only part of the body affected by odours, and how smells can be measured objectively given the non-physical components. Questions like these mean that interest in the psychology of smell is inevitably set to play an increasingly important role for researchers.F However, smell is not simply a biological and psychologicalphenomenon. Smell is cultural, hence it is a social and historical phenomenon. Odours are invested with cultural values: smells that are considered to be offensive in some cultures may be perfectly acceptable in others. Therefore, our sense of smell is a means of, and model for, interacting with the world. Different smells can provide us with intimate and emotionally charged experiences and the value that we attach to these experiences is interiorised by the members of society in a deeply personal way. Importantly, our commonly held feelings about smells can help distinguish us from other cultures. The study of the cultural history of smell is, therefore, in a very real sense, an investigation into the essence of human culture.Questions 33-36Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.Write the correct letter in boxes 33-36 on your answer sheet.33 According to the introduction, we become aware of the importance of smell whenA we discover a new smell.B we experience a powerful smell.C our ability to smell is damaged.D we are surrounded by odours.34 The experiment described in paragraph BA shows how we make use of smell without realising it.B demonstrates that family members have a similar smell.C proves that a sense of smell is learnt.D compares the sense of smell in males and females.35 What is the write doing in paragraph C?A supporting other researchB making a proposalC rejecting a common beliefD describing limitations36 What does the write suggest about the study of smell in the atmosphere in paragraph E?A The measurement of smell is becoming more accurate.B Researchers believe smell is a purely physical reaction.C Most smells are inoffensive.D Smell is yet to be defined.Questions 37-40Complete the sentences below.Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet.37 Tests have shown that odours can help people recognise the.......... belonging to their husbands and wives.38 Certain linguistic groups may have difficulty describing smell because they lack the appropriate ................ .39 The sense of smell may involve response to................ which do not smell, in addition to obvious odours.40 Odours regarded as unpleasant in certain.................are not regarded as unpleasant in others.剑桥雅思阅读8原文参考译文(test2)PASSAGE 1 参考译文：玻璃板制造：浮法工艺早在美索不达米亚时期和古埃及时期人们就开始制造玻璃，当时制作出的玻璃只不过是沙子、碳酸钠和石灰的混合物而已。
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剑8 Test 2 Section 1
JUDY: Good morning. Total Insurance. Judy speaking, how may I help you?
MICHAEL: I recently shipped my belongings from overseas back here to Australia and I took out insurance with your company. Some items were damaged during the move so I need
to make a claim. What do I have to do?
JUDY: Okay, well first I need to get a few details about this. Can you give me your name please?
MICHAEL: Yes. It’s Michael Alexander.
JUDY: Okay. And your address please?
MICHAEL:My old address or my current one?
JUDY: You current one.
MICHAEL: It’s 24 Manly street, Milperra near Sydney.
JUDY: What was the suburb, sorry?
MICHAEL: Milperra. M-I-L-P-E-R-R-A.
JUDY: Right. Now, who was the shipping agent Mr Alexander?
MICHAEL: You mean the company we used?
JUDY: Yes, the company who packed everything up at the point of origin.
MICHAEL: Oh, it was...er...First Class Movers.
JUDY: Okay...where were the goods shipped from?
MICHAEL: China, but the ship came via Singapore and was there for about a week.
JUDY: Don’t worry, all of that information will be in the documentation. Now, the dates. Do you know when the ship arrived?
MICHAEL: It left on the 11th of October and got to Sydney on the 28th of November.
JUDY: Okay. I need one more thing. There’s a reference number. It should be in the top right-hand corner of the pink form they gave you.
MICHAEL: Let me have a look. I have so many papers. Yes, here it is . It’s 601 ACK. Thanks. JUDY: Thanks. .............................................................................................................................................................. JUDY: I need to take down a few details of the actual damage over the phone before you put in a full report. Can you tell me how many items were damaged and what the damage
was?
MICHAEL: Yes, well four things actually. I’ll start with the big things. My TV first of all. It’s large one...very expensive.
JUDY: Our insurance doesn’t cover electrical problems.
MICHAEL: It isn’t an electrical problem. The screen has a huge crack in it so it’s unusable. JUDY: I see. Any idea of the price to repair it?
MICHAEL: No. Well, I don’t think it can be repaired. It will need a new one.
JUDY: Okay. I’ll make a note of that and we’ll see what we can do. Now, what was the second item?
MICHAEL: The cabinet from the bathroom was damaged as well. It’s a lovely cabinet, we use it to keep our towels in.
JUDY: And what is the extent of the damage?
MICHAEL: Well, the back and the sides seem okay but the door has a huge hole in it. It can’t be repaired. I’m really not very happy about it.
JUDY: And how much do you think it will cost to replace it?
MICHAEL: Well, when I bought it last year I paid $125 for it. But the one I’ve seen here in Sydney is a bit more expensive., it’s $140.
JUDY: Right, and what was the third item?
MICHAEL: My dining room table. It’s a lovely table from Indonesia. It must have been very hot inside the container because one leg has completely split down the middle. The top
and the other three look okay thank goodness.
JUDY: Any idea of the price to repair it?
MICHAEL: Well, I had an estimate done on this actually because it is a very special table to us.
They quoted us $200, which is really pricey so I hope the insurance will cover the
total cost.
JUDY: I’m sure that will be fine. What was the last item, Mr Alexander?
MICHAEL: Well, we have a lovely set of china plates and dishes, you know, with matching cups, saucers, the lot. They were all in the one box which must have got dropped because
some plates were broken---six actually.
JUDY: And can you tell me the replacement value of these?
MICHAEL: Well, it’s hard to say because they were part of a set but they can be up to $10 each as it’s such a good set.
JUDY: Okay, so that would be around $60 altogether?
MICHAEL: Yes, that’s right.
JUDY: And is that all of the items?
MICHAEL: Yes. So what do I have to do now?。