阅读表达主旨大意练习含答案

阅读表达之主旨大意题
I 命题特点：本题型考查的是考生从整体上把握文章主题和中心思想的能力。

通常要求考生能准确写出文章的主要意思、作者的主要目的或直接要求考生写出文章的标题。

此类题型常见的提问方式有以下几种：
① What is the best title of the passage?
② What is the passage mainly about?
③ What does the writer mainly discuss in the passage?
④ What does the passage mainly deal with?
⑤ What is the purpose of the writer in writing the passage?
II 答题技巧：解答此类题目的基本方法如下：
首先，找到文章的主题句，抓住全文的中心思想。

这类问题要求考生归纳文章的要点，了解题目，速读全文，了解大意和主题，概括中心思想，考查考生对文章内容的整体把握能力。

其次，注意各种提问方式的不同回答模式。

一般要求标题中的实词要首字母大写，虚词的首字母不大写。

标题要简洁，涵盖文章的主线。

文中标题格式可以是完整的句子，简洁的短语，也可以用问题的形式，同时要注意字数要求；另外，其他提问方式的回答语言在简练的同时还应该保证符合具体要求，例如，如果问的是作者的写作目的，那么，我们的回答就应该是“T o do….”.这样的结构。

并且必须保证语法上是正确的。

III 典型例题
2009年山东[1] Hello. It’s one of the first words we learn as babies, yet it’s one of the last ones we think to use as adults. That’s unfortunate, because saying hello is more than just saying hello—it is recognition of another’s worth. How might the world change—how might we change—if we mastered this word? T o find out, I spent one month saying hello to every person I met. Here’s what I’ve learned.
[2] It can boost （促进）productivity. In one of the few studies ever done on this subject, Allan Allday, an assistant professor of special education at Oklahoma S tate University, had middle school teachers greet their students individually each morning. This exchange of gree tings raised the kids’ productivity. School went from impersonal to personal, and that resulted in more class participation and better grades.
[3] Environments influence friendliness, One study found that people in the city were kiss likely to one hands with a stranger than those in the countryside. And researchers say, pleasure environments generally encourage more smiles and hellos than unpleasant ones. My experience was similarly. Whatever the reason, my urban hellos were answered far less often than my rural one. Similarly, people in vacation spots, like the Jersey Shore, were far friendlier than those hurrying work downtown.
[4] It’s a form of universal health insurance. It’s impossible to say hello without smiling. And smiling has been shown to lower blood pressure, relieve stress and boost happiness. Apparently, a smile creates a similar effect in the recipient （接受者）。

[5] So maybe we can make the world a better place by____________. After a month of doing it. I feel lighter and more connected and I have a better sense of well-being.
76. What does the author say about the adults according to Paragraph 1? （within 8 words）Adults are not willing to say hello.
2010 山东[1] One out of many important things for the whole family to do is to have dinner together. Researchers began reporting the benefits of family dinner about a decade ago, focusing mainly on how it affects children. Studies show that those families who eat dinner at least 3 or 4 times a week together, benefit in many ways.
[2] Eating together helps families achieve open communication and build stronger and healthier relationships. Children have better grades at school and are better adjusted as teens and adults, and the entire family enjoys healthier nutrition. For many families, eating dinner together proves to be good and effective way to reduce the risk of youth rates of addiction, and helps to raise healthier children. It is also a great time to share the events of the day, discuss news and ideas and just be together and enjoy each other’s company.
[3] During dinner time parents have better opportunity to show that they are the prior to their children. Sitting at the same table and sharing meals is where and when parents can find out more about their children’s school performance, daily activities and attitudes toward life. When parents have all this information they can better direct their kids toward positive things in life. They also have better chance to reduce the possibility that children will get involved with alcohol, tobacco, and illegal drugs.
[4] However, family researchers say that the benefits of family dinner by no means can be considered as automatic. Parents can sit down to dinner with their kids every day and achieve nothing. __________ if there is too much arguing going on, if there is no meaningful conversation or, what is even worse, if there is just plain silence during gathering.
76. What is the main idea of the text? (no more than 8 words)
Families benefit from eating together. / Having dinner together is beneficial to families
I was 13 years old. My family had moved to Southern California from North Florida a year before. I hit adolescence with a vengeance. I was angry and rebellious, with little regard for anything my parents had to say, particularly if it had to do with me. Like so many teenagers, I struggled to escape from anything that didn't agree with my picture of the world. A "brilliant without need of guidance" kid, I rejected any over offering of love.In fact, I got angry at the mention of the word love.
One night, after a particularly difficult day, I _____________, shut the door and got into bed. As I lay down in the privacy of my bed, my hands slipped under my pillow. There was an envelope. I pulled it out and on the envelope it said, "T o read when you're alone."
Since I was alone, no one would know whether I read it or not, so I ope ned it. It said "Mike, I know life is hard right now, I know you are frustrated and I know we don't do everything right. I also know that I love you completely and nothing you do or say will ever change that. I am here for you if you ever need to talk, and if you don't, that's okay. Just know that no matter where you go or what you do in your life, I will always love you and be proud that you are my son. I'm here for you and I love you - that will never change. Love, Mom.
That was the first of several "T o read when you're alone" letters. They were never mentioned until I was an adult.
T oday I travel the world helping people. I was in Sarasota, Florida, teaching a seminar when, at the end of the day, a lady came up to me and shared the difficulty she was having
with her son. W e walked out to the beach, and I told her of my mom's undying love and about the "T o read when you're alone" letters. Several weeks later, I got a card that said she had written her first letter and left it for her son.
That night as I went to bed, I put my hands under my pillow and remembered the relief I felt every time I got a letter. In the midst of my turbulent teen years, the letters were the calm assurance that I could be loved in spite of me, not because of me. Just before I fell asleep I thanked God that my mom knew what I, an angry teenager, needed. T oday when theseas of life get stormy, I know that just under my pillow there is that calm assurance that love - consistent, abiding, unconditional love - changes lives.
1.What’s the best title of the passage?
1.To Read When You’re Alone
实战演练：
(1)What will city life be like in the future? Some people think that life in the cities is going to be horrible. They say that cities will become more and more crowded. As the number of people increases, there will be less space for each person: This overcrowding will cause other problems-more crimes, dirtier streets, and worse problems with traffic than we have now. How will people find enough drinking water, energy (such as gas and electricity), and housing? Because life will be hard, people who live in cities will worry more, and they may become sick. For these reasons, some people say that nobody will want to live in city areas. How can we _____________________ such problems as overcrowding, crime, and traffic? In some cities, thousands of people are already sleeping in the streets because there is little suitable housing and because houses are too expensive. The crime rate isn't going down. Instead, it is increasing so fast that many people are afraid to go out at night. T raffic is also getting worse. More and more often, traffic jams are so bad that cars don't move at all for several streets.
These problems have been getting worse, not better, so many people see no hope for the future of the city.
Los Angeles, California, for example, has no subway system and buses are slow. Instead, many commuters drive many miles from their homes to work. Many of these drivers spend several hours each day on busy freeways. New Y ork, however, has a big transit system of buses, commuter trains, and subways. Because the public transportation is crowded and dirty, many people drive private cars, and the traffic jams are worse than in Los Angels. A taxi driver complains,” I was driving home, but in forty five minutes I moved only two miles! Finally, I turned off the engine and just sat there. A lot of people left their cars where they were in the middle of the street and went into a bar for a fe w beers!”
On the other hand, some cities have clean, fast and pleasant public transportation systems. In Paris, France and T oronto，Canada, for example, anyone can use buses or subways to move quickly from one part of the city to another.
1. What is the best title of the passage? (Please answer within 10 words. )
___________________________________________________________________
2. The writer’s attitude toward the future city life is___________.
1. The City of the Future
2.objective
(2) When Dan Shaw gets up from the sofa in his home, Cuddles is never far away. When he wants to go outside, he doesn’t take Cuddles out for walk—Cuddles takes him for a walk.
Cuddles is clearly no ordinary family pet. It is a two-foot-high miniature horse and serves as the guiding eyes of Shaw, who is blind.
When Shaw lost his sight, his wife suggested he apply for a guide dog. Shaw, an animal lover, said he couldn’t bear to part with a dog (which usually lives about eight to ten years) and get used to a new one, perhaps several times in his life.
Then Shaw heard of a program about the tiny guide horses. He learned that the horse possess many qualities that that make them an excellent choice for guiding people. They are clean friendly, smart and have great memories. They can be trained to remain calm in noisy and crowded places. Best of all, they live for 25-25years, which would enable Shaw to have the same guide companion for most or all of his life.
Shaw immediately applied to be and was accepted as the first person to receive a guide horse. The instant he met Cuddles, he knew he was making the right choice. Then he began his training.
Through training ,Shaw and Cuddles learned to find way on busy streets, step over curbs（便道沿儿）and find elevator buttons. Cuddles even demonstrated（显示）its ability to step in front of Shaw and block him, to prevent him from walking into a dangerous situation. The little horse also expertly led Shaw through busy shopping malls. They got along without any difficulties. Now Shaw is confident that Cuddles will change his life for the better.
56. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “miniature” in Paragraph 1?(No more than 2 words)
58. What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us? (No more than 10 words)
60. In your opinion, what is the ideal relationship between man and animals? (No more than 20 words)
56. Tiny \Little\small\V ery small.
58.The Tiny, horses possess have many good qualities to guide people.
On the Tiny horses possess\have many qualities to be ideal guides,
60. They should be good friends and help each other,
Or: They should get along as friends and take care of each other.
(3) [1] Do you spend over an hour each day texting messages to your friends? Do you frequently ignore work, study, and other activities to check your phone for messages? Are you anxious and restless if you are separated from your mobile phone,9 Do you hardly ever use your phone to talk any more, and do your thumbs hurt from texting too much?
[2] If ______________, then it is very possible that you are a textaholic. A textaholic can be defined as someone who is addicted to sending and receiving messages. The main symptoms are a strong desire to text messages, which takes precedence (优先)over everything else, and bad moods, low spirits and a lack of self-confidence if messages fail to come in. The root of the problem, as with many addictions, is the desire to escape from emotional difficulties such as stress, anxiety and relationship problems. Experts warn that text addiction is likely to become the most common form of addiction in the future, especially among the young.
[3] So what can you do if you think you may be a textaholic? The key is to get your life back in balance. Make sure you resist the urge to answer every message you receive, and consider leaving your mobile phone behind occasionally when you go out. Most importantly, make a point of spending quality time with friends and family, and make time to re-learn the
art of face-to-face conversation instead of conducting your relationships by means of text messages. Not only will you save time and money, but you may also rediscover the pleasure of true communication.
76. How does the author introduce the topic of the text? (no more than 5 words)
79. What do experts say about text addiction? (no more than 14 words)
80. What is the main idea of Paragraph 3? (no more than 8 words)
76. By asking/raising questions
79. It may become the most common form of addiction, especially among the young.
80. How to get rid of text addiction。