Text 2
考研模考英语二试卷及答案解析
考研英语模考试卷Reading ComprehensionRead the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(100points)Text1第1段：The world’s richest1%are on course to control as much as two-thirds of the world’s wealth by2030,according to a shocking analysis.World leaders are being warned that the continued accumulation of wealth at the top will fuel growing distrust and anger over the coming decade unless action is taken to restore the balance.第2段：An alarming projection produced by the House of Commons library suggests that if trends seen since the2008financial crash were to continue,then the top1%will hold64%of the world’s wealth by2030.Since2008,the wealth of the richest1%has been growing at an average of6%a year—much faster than the3%growth in wealth of the remaining99%of the world’s population.Should that continue,the top1%would hold wealth equating to$305tn(£216.5tn)—up from$140tn today.第3段：Analysts suggest wealth has become concentrated at the top because of recent income inequality,higher rates of saving among the wealthy,and the accumulation of assets.The wealthy also invested a large amount of equity in businesses,stocks and other financial assets, which have handed them disproportionate benefits.第4段：A major problem with the influence exerted by the very wealthy leads to falling levels of trust.In a new polling by Opinium,participants were asked to select a group that would have the most power in2030,and most(34%)said the super-rich,while28%opted for national governments.Those surveyed said they feared the consequences of wealth inequality would be rising levels of corruption(41%)or the“super-rich enjoying unfair influence on government policy”(43%).第5段：The research above was commissioned by Liam Byrne,the former Labour cabinet minister,as part of a gathering of MPs,academics,business leaders,trade unions and civil society leaders focused on addressing the problem.第6段：Byrne,who organised the first OECD(Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development)global parliamentary conference on inclusive growth,cautioned that the already tilted scale of world’s wealth was about to“take its last straw”.“If we don’t take steps to rewritethe rules of how our economies work,then we condemn ourselves to a future that remains unequal for good,”he said.“That’s morally bad,and economically disastrous,risking a new explosion in instability,corruption and poverty.”第7段：Danny Dorling,professor of geography at the University of Oxford,said the scenario in which the super-rich accumulated even more wealth by2030was a realistic one.“Even if the income of the wealthiest people in the world stops rising dramatically in the future,their wealth will continue to grow for one to two more decades”he said.1.According to Paragraph1,what would happen by2030A.World leaders would be relieved of their position.B.Public anger at the wealthiest would be reconciled.C.The richest would pocket over half of the world’s wealth.D.The poor would demonstrate their power through protest.2.It is suggested that the other99%of the world’s population.A.was far more impacted by the2008financial crisis than the richest1%B.could hardly catch up with the other1%in wealth despite moderate growthC.has to double its increase rate in wealth to achieve a proportional distributionD.needs to expand their investment in business and other financial assets3.The results from Opinium’s new polling are mentioned to.A.demonstrate people’s declining faith in government sectorsB.explain the supreme power possessed by the super-richC.express the growing concern over political corruptionD.reveal unfair policy-making in favor of the super-rich4.The expression“take its last straw”is closest in meaning to.A.collapse under the ultimate burdenB.take the last opportunityC.face a demanding challengeplete its final process5.According to Danny Dorling,the current trend of wealth accumulation among the super-rich is.A.dramaticB.questionableC.idealisticD.unstoppableText2第1段：The number of people forced to flee their homes rose to a record high in2017,with 16.2million people newly displaced around the world.The figure includes people who have been displaced for the first time,and those who have been forced from their homes multiple times.第2段：The figure of68.5million displaced people—3million higher than the total population of the UK—includes25.4million refugees,40million internally displaced and3.1 million asylum seekers.The increase came despite the return of more than5million displaced people to their countries of origins.第3段：Despite its large number,displaced population in some sense is not a ubiquitous issue. The annual figures,compiled by the UN refugee agency,UNHCR(United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees),saw five countries accounting for two-thirds of all refugees (excluding those defined as long-term Palestinian refugees):Syria(6.3million);Afghanistan(2.6 million);South Sudan(2.4million);Myanmar(1.2million)and Somalia(986,400).第4段：The new figures emerged after the actor and director Angelina Jolie,a special envoy for the UN agency,warned of a funding shortfall for the agency’s work in Syria—the largest group of displaced.Speaking during a visit to Domiz Camp in Iraq on Sunday,home to33,000refugees displaced by the Syrian war,Jolie told a press conference that the agency’s appeal for Syrian refugees was hugely underfunded even in comparison with last year.第5段：When UNHCR’s Syria response was only50%funded last year,and this year it is only17%funded,there are terrible human consequences.We should be under no illusions about this.When there is even not the bare minimum of aid,refugee families cannot receive adequate medical treatment,women and girls will be left vulnerable to sexual violence,many children cannot go to school,and we squander the opportunity of being able to invest in refugees so that they can acquire new skills and support their families.第6段：The new totals come at the end of a decade of sharply rising numbers of displaced, which have risen inexorably from more than42million in2007to the current total.This means one in every110people in the world is currently displaced,with most of the sharp increase occurring in the last five years.第7段：Although Syria once again dominated the figures,2017was also marked by a significant rise in displaced people from North and Central America,with increasing numbers of people journeying to seek asylum in Mexico and the US,even as Venezuelans continued to flow out to neighbouring countries.The totals also saw the sixth successive year of increases in the number of refugees under UNHCR’s mandate,with a rise of just under3million last year to atotal just short of20million,the highest known total to date.6.The current trend of the number of displaced population is the one of.A.steadinessB.fluctuationC.declineD.upsurge7.By listing figures of the five countries,the author intends to show that.A.Syria has the largest number of refugees among the five countriesB.the other one-third of the refugees can hardly be identifiedC.displaced population concentrates in a few number of countriesD.civil conflicts are most serious in some Middle-east countries8.According to Jolie,the relief work in Syria faces the problem of.A.overpopulation of refugeesB.inadequacy in fundingC.political disagreementD.local disturbances9.Which of the following would happen without even minimum aid?A.Refugees would be deprived of the chance to earn their own living.B.Females would stand at a grave disadvantage against mistreatment.C.Children cannot be admitted to schools opened for non-refugees.D.The spread of epidemic cannot be controlled in refugee camps.10.Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A.The Rising Number of Refugees WorldwideB.The Difficulty in Seeking Political AsylumC.The Complete Failure of UNHCR’s MandateD.The Serious Situation of Syrian RefugeesText3第1段：Barely3percent of the American work force bikes or walks to work with any frequency,despite the obvious virtues:decreased risks for obesity and diabetes,environmental benefits and lower transportation costs.Ask people why they“eschew”what’s known as active commuting,however,as many surveys have,and the primary reason cited is time.Those thingstake too long,most say.第2段：They’re probably wrong.A new study published in a journal called “Transportmetrica A:Transport Science”shows that people often overestimate the timerequired to commute actively,a miscalculation especially common when someone has secured a parking permit near the office.第3段：For the study,researchers at Penn State solicited the school’s faculty,staff and students to complete an extensive series of online questionnaires about their fitness,health, commuting and parking habits,comfort and ability on a bike or as pedestrians,distance from home to their main workplace on campus and how long they thought it would take them to either bike or walk that distance.Only a few of the505respondents went by foot or bike;most of them were students.Estimates of commuting times were then compared with the corresponding route times calculated by Google Maps.The researchers independently timed some of the routes by walking or riding them.第4段：The survey participants—faculty and staff members above all—proved to be generally poor at guessing active-commuting times.About90percent of their estimates were too long by at least10minutes.The few assessments close to Google’s were almost always made by riders or walkers.Parking availability and distances affected the estimates.第5段：Those with parking permits,a fiercely sought-after campus amenity,tended to overestimate active-commuting times significantly;the closer someone lived to the workplace,the better the guesses.Confidence had an outsize effect,too.The people surveyed,especially women, who had little bicycling experience or who did not feel physically fit thought that active commuting would require considerably more time than the Google calculations.第6段：The study is limited,of course,because it relies on an insular,self-selected group ofrespondents to provide information about themselves,a topic on which people can be surprisingly unreliable.The published results also did not delve into such pressing active-commuting concerns as hygiene,showers or the logistics of carrying changes of clothes.第7段：“But the study’s results do indicate that time may be less of a barrier to active commuting than many might anticipate,”says Melissa Bopp,an associate professor of kinesiology at Penn State and the study’s senior author.“I’d urge anyone who is considering biking or walking to work to do a test run,”she says,perhaps on a weekend(although the traffic patterns will be different from those during the week).Ask colleagues for route suggestions.“Google is good at finding bike paths,”she says,but it emphasizes brevity and directness over scenery for walkers.11.The word“eschew”(Para.1)most probably means.A.breachB.guardC.acclaimD.avoid12.According to the“Transportmetrica A:Transport Science”,people.A.fail to calculate the active commute time correctlyB.are reduced to finding parking space personallyC.overrate the required time to secure a parking permitD.make an accurate prediction about the time consumed13.Which of the following is true about the survey participants according to Paragraphs4and5?A.Their mathematical ability is inferior to others’.B.The influence of confidence has been overvalued.C.Parking right is a contributing factor to their calculation.D.They feel physically fit by choosing an active commute.14.According to Melissa Bopp,the time consumed in active commuting may.A.be exaggerated partlyB.deserve more attentionC.be estimated continuallyD.need to be strengthened15.Melissa Bopp’s attitude toward working by bike or by foot is.A.indifferentB.supportiveC.indignantD.apprehensiveText4第1段：How effective are antimicrobial“courtesy masks”at preventing the spread of contagious airborne illnesses?The best evidence suggests that,when sick,wearing a mask can help to protect others from getting sick.And when well,wearing a mask around those who are sick will probably decrease your own chances of becoming infected.But the masks are far from foolproof.第2段：Courtesy masks,or what we doctors refer to as medical masks,were introduced into the operating room in the late1800s.They quickly became popular among a public eager to protect itself against the influenza epidemic of1918.A century later,the advent of modern molecular techniques confirmed that medical masks can indeed provide good protection againstflu.第3段：In a2013study,researchers counted the number of virus particles in the air around patients with flu.They found that medical masks decreased the exhalation of large viral droplets 25-fold.The masks were,however,less effective against the fine viral droplets that can remain suspended in the air longer and are therefore more infectious,cutting them by2.8times.第4段：Surgical masks also afford fairly good protection for the worried well.In an oft-cited study of446nurses,researchers found surgical masks were as good,or nearly as good,at protecting the wearer against flu as breathing apparatus,a somewhat more high-tech,masklike device used in hospitals.The work of Australian investigators provides further support for the value of the simple medical mask.They estimate that in a home setting,wearing a surgical mask decreases a well person’s risk of getting sick by60percent to80percent.第5段：However,most people fail to wear a mask faithfully enough to achieve this degree of protection,and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention remains ambiguous about the use of masks outside of health care settings.“No recommendation can be made at this time for mask use in the community by asymptomatic persons,including those at high risk for complications,to prevent exposure to influenza viruses,”the agency concludes on its website,“If you don’t have a mask,or don’t want to wear one,standing at least six feet from an infected person will increase your chances for staying healthy.”第6段：The air surrounding sick people,even if they aren’t coughing or sneezing,is loaded with small infectious particles,and the farther you are from them,the better.Washing your hands frequently,of course,is also critical for staying healthy,since touching infected fingers to the eyes, nose or mouth can transmit infection.16.It can be inferred from Paragraph1that wearing a mask.A.can defend the sick from radiationB.still faces the danger of getting sickC.is of little significance for the healthyD.enjoys a vital position against epidemics17.Modern molecular techniques verified.A.people’s increased awareness of the fluB.their significant impact on medicineC.the reliability of medical masksD.the urgency of fighting against flu18.According to Paragraph4,which of the following is true about masks?A.The effect of masks is no less than that of breathing apparatus.B.Masks can actually assist people with psychological anxiety.C.Masklike-device has gained popularity in hospitals and clinics.D.Australian investigators offer new insights into medical masks.19.In Paragraph5,the author shows his concern that.A.the habit of wearing masks has not yet been cultivatedB.most people didn’t succeed in addressing some problemsC.the agency failed to give some constructive suggestionsD.the use of masks is not generalized in health care settings20.In an environment loaded with infectious particles,people.A.are bound to suffer from coughingB.are suggested to take some precautionsC.are unable to be healthy by any meansD.are supposed to stay away from the sick答案解析：题号：1.【答案】C。
09年考研英语阅读理解精读100篇TEXT2
TEXT 2He emerged, all of a sudden, in 1957: the most explosive new poetic talent of the English post-war era. Poetry specialised, at that moment, in the wry chronicling of the everyday. The poetry of Yorkshire-born Ted Hughes, first published in a book called "The Hawk in the Rain" when he was 27, was unlike anything written by his immediate predecessors. Driven by an almost Jacobean rhetoric, it had a visionary fervour. Its most eye-catching characteristic was Hughes’s ability to get beneath the skins of animals: foxes, otters, pigs. These animals were the real thing all right, but they were also armorial devices-symbols of the countryside and lifeblood of the earth in which they were rooted. It gave his work a raw, primal stink.It was not only England that thought so either. Hughes’s book was also published in America, where it won the Galbraith prize, a major literary award. But then, in 1963, Sylvia Plath, a young American poet whom he had first met at Cambridge University in 1956, and who became his wife in the summer of that year, committed suicide. Hughes was vilified for long after that, especially by feminists in America. In 1998, the year he died, Hughes broke his own self-imposed public silence about their relationship in a book of loose-weave poems called "Birthday Letters".In this new and exhilarating collection of real letters, Hughes returns to the issue of his first wife’s death, which he calls his "big and unmanageable event". He felt his talent muffled by the perpetual eavesdropping upon his every move. Not until he decided to publish his own account of their relationship did the burden begin to lighten.The analysis is raw, pained and ruthlessly self-aware. For all the moral torment, the writing itself has the same rush and vigour that possessed Hughes’s early poetry. Some books of letters serve as a personalised historical chronicle. Poets’ letters are seldom like that, and Hughes’s are no exception. His are about a life of literary engagement: almost all of them include some musing on the state or the nature of writing, both Hughes’s own or other people’s. The trajectory of Hughes’s literary career had him moving from obscurity to fame, and then, in the eyes of many, to life-long notoriety. These letters are filled with his wrestling with the consequences of being the part-private, part-public creature that he became, desperate to devote himself to his writing, and yet subject to endless invasions of his privacy.Hughes is an absorbing and intricate commentator upon his own poetry, even when he is standing back from it and good-humouredly condemning himself for "its fantasticalia, its pretticisms and its infinite verballifications". He also believed, from first to last, that poetry had a special place in the education of children. "What kids need", he wrote in a 1988 letter to the secretary of state for education in the Conservative government, "is a headfull [sic] of songs that are not songs but blocks of refined and achieved and exemplary language." When that happens, children have "the guardian angel installed behind the tongue". Lucky readers, big or small.1．The poetry of Hughes’s forerunners is characteristic of ______[A] its natural, crude flavor.[B] its distorted depiction of people’s daily life.[C] its penetrating sight.[D] its fantastical enthusiasm.2.The word "vilified" (Line 3, Paragraph 2)most probably means _____[A] tortured[B] harassed[C] scolded[D] tormented3．According to the third paragraph, Hughes’s collection of letters are _____[A] personal recollection of his life.[B] personalised historical chronicle of his literary engagement.[C] reflections of his struggle with his devotion and the reality.[D] his meditation on the literary world.4. From the letters, we may find the cause of Hughes’s internal struggle is _____[A] his devotion to the literary world.[B] that he is a part-private, part-public creature.[C] that he is constrained by the fear of his privacy being invaded.[D] his fame and notoriety.5. By "lucky readers" in the last sentence, the author means_____[A] children who read poetry.[B] children who have a headfull of songs.[C] children who own blocks of refined and achieved and exemplary language.[D] children who have the guardian angel installed behind the tongue篇章剖析：本文讲述了英国著名诗人特德·休斯作品的特点和其所反映的诗人的一些情况。
2023年考研英语二真题答案之阅读理解Text 2部分
2023年考研英语二真题答案之阅读理解Text 2部分Part ADirections:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions after each text by choosing A,B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (40 points) Text 2It's easy to dismiss as absurd the federal government's ideas for plugging the chronic funding gap of our national parks. Can anyone really think it's a good idea to allow Amazon deliveries to your tent in Yosemite or food trucks to line up under the redwood trees at Sequoia National Park? But the administration is right about one thing: U.S. national parks are in crisis. Collectively, they have a maintenance backlog of more than $12 billion. Roads, trails, restrooms, visitor centers and other infrastructure are crumbling.But privatizing and commercializing the campgrounds would not be the panacea that the Interior Department's Outdoor Advisory Committee would have us believe. Campgrounds are a tiny portion of the overall infrastructure backlog, and concessionaires in the parks hand over, on average, only about 5% of their revenues to the National Park Service.Moreover. increased privatization would certainly undercut one of the major reasons why 300 million visitors come to the parks each year: to enjoy nature and get a respite from the commercial drumbeat that overwhelms daily life. The real problem is that the parks have been chronically starved of funding. We conducted a comprehensive survey examining how us residents view their national parks. and we found that Americans place a very high value on them whether or not they actually visit them. The peer-reviewed economic survey of 700 U.S taxpayers, conducted by mail and internet, also found that people would be willing to pay a significant amount of money to make sure the parks and their programs are kept intact. Some 81% of respondents said they would be willing to pay additional taxes for the next 10 years to avoid any cuts to the national parks.The national parks provide great value to U.S. residents both as places to escape and as symbols of nature. On top of this, they produce value from their extensive educational programs, their positive impact on the climate through carbon sequestration, their contribution to our cultural and artistic life. and of course through tourism. The parks also help keep America's past alive, working with thousands of local jurisdictions around the country to protect historical sites including Ellis Island and Gettysburg and to bring the stories of these places to life.The parks do all this on a shoestring. Congress allocates onl$3 billion a year tothe national park system an amount that has been flat since 2001 (in inflation-adjusted dollars) with the exception of a onetime boost in 2009 as part of the Obama stimulus package Meanwhile. the number of annual visitors has increased by more than 50% since 1980, and now stands at 330 million visitors per year.26. What problem are U.S. national parks faced with?A. decline of business profitsB. inadequate commercializationC. lack of transportation servicesD. poorly maintained infrastructure【答案】 D27. Increased privatization of the campground may?A. spoil visitor experienceB. help preserve natureC. bring operational pressureD. boost visits to parks【答案】 A28. according to para 5, most respondents in the survey would?A. go to the national parks on a regular basis.B. advocate a bigger budget for the national parksC. agree to pay extra for the national parksD. support the national parks' recent reforms【答案】 C29.The national parks are valuable in that they__.A. lead the way in tourismB. sponsor research on climateC. have historical significanceD. provide an income for the locals【答案】 C.30. It can be concluded from the text that the national park system_A. is able to cope with staff shortagesB. is able to meet visitor' demandsC. is in need of a new pricing policyD. is in need of a funding increase【答案】 D。
2019 考研英语阅读真题Text 2(英语二)
2019 Text 2（英语⼆）森林与⽓候变化Text 2Forests give us shade, quiet and one of the harder challenges in the fight against climate change.Even as we humans count on forests to soak up a good share of the we produce, we are threatening their ability to do so.The climate change we are hastening could one day leave us with forests that emit more carbon than they absorb.Thankfully, there is a way out of this trap, but it involves striking a subtle balance.Helping forests flourish as valuable "carbon sinks" long into the future may require reducing their capacity to absorb carbon now.is leading the way, as it does on so many climate efforts, in figuring out the details.The state's proposed Forest Carbon Plan aims to double efforts to thin out young trees and clear brush in parts of the forest. This temporarily lowers carbon-carrying capacity.But the remaining trees draw a greater share of the available moisture, so they grow and thrive, restoring the forest's capacity to pull carbon from the air.⽂章 2森林为我们遮阴，给我们僻静，也成为⼈类抗争⽓候变化时⾯临的⼀⼤艰巨的挑战。
text2sql范例
text2sql范例摘要：一、文本2SQL 简介1.概念解释2.应用场景二、范例展示1.文本内容2.转换结果3.结果分析三、应用优势与局限性1.优势2.局限性四、未来发展方向1.改进方向2.发展趋势正文：一、文本2SQL 简介文本2SQL 是一种将自然语言文本转换为结构化查询语言（SQL）的技术。
通过这种技术，用户可以更加方便地对数据库进行查询和操作。
文本2SQL 的应用场景包括数据检索、数据分析、数据挖掘等。
二、范例展示1.文本内容假设我们有一段关于电影评论的文本：“我喜欢这部电影，尤其是演员的表现。
导演对剧情的把控也很出色，紧张刺激。
唯一不足的是，电影中的特效有点过时了。
”2.转换结果将这段文本输入到文本2SQL 系统中，系统可能会生成如下SQL 查询语句：SELECT * FROM 电影WHERE 导演的表现评分> 8 AND 剧情评分> 8 AND 特效评分< 8;3.结果分析从转换结果可以看出，系统成功识别出了文本中的关键信息，如“导演的表现”、“剧情”和“特效”，并生成了相应的SQL 查询语句。
这使得用户可以快速地从数据库中检索到符合条件的信息。
三、应用优势与局限性1.优势文本2SQL 技术的优势在于，它使得用户可以更加自然地与数据库进行交互。
用户不再需要熟悉复杂的SQL 语法，只需提供一段描述性的文本，系统便能生成相应的查询语句。
这降低了使用数据库的门槛，提高了工作效率。
2.局限性尽管文本2SQL 技术在许多场景下表现出较高的准确性和便利性，但它仍然存在一定的局限性。
例如，对于复杂或模糊的文本描述，系统可能难以生成准确的SQL 查询语句。
此外，由于自然语言的歧义性，系统可能会产生错误的转换结果。
四、未来发展方向1.改进方向为提高文本2SQL 技术的准确性和适用性，未来的研究可以从以下几个方面进行改进：（1）引入更多的领域知识，提高对复杂文本的理解能力；（2）采用更加先进的自然语言处理技术，减少转换过程中的错误；（3）结合用户反馈，实现系统的持续优化。
2017 考研英语阅读真题Text 2(英语二)
2017 Text 2（英语⼆）数码产品正在影响亲⼦交流？With so much focus on children's use of screens, it's easy for parents to forget about their own screen use."Tech is designed to really suck you in," says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, "and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement.It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine."Radesky has studied the use of and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise.She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children.During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family.Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.Infants are wired to look at parents' faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting for the children.对孩⼦使⽤电⼦设备给予太多的关注，很容易让⽗⺟忘记⾃⼰使⽤电⼦设备。
2014英语一阅读text2
2014英语一阅读text2：题干法巧破主旨选项法妙解细节2014年04月18日18:18:42这篇文章选自2013.2.2这一期《经济学人》杂志，是关于美国法律行业出现的问题及其解决方案，文章来源是考研阅读最青睐的杂志，法律题材也是考研阅读近年来非常热门的题材。
文章和题目总体难度不大。
五道题中，有四道事实细节题，一道主旨题。
这道主旨题不难解，文章中有非常明显的词和句，反复表明美国法律行业出现了问题，末段还给出了解决方案。
单单根据―看题干解题法‖，也能又快又准地选出答案。
下面我们看题干：26题中提到a lot of students take up law as their profession；27题提到the costs of legal education即成本高，显然是法律教育中存在的问题；28题提到hindrance of the reform of the legal system即法律体系改革的障碍；29题中有一个词叫restrictive，也是讲问题，故30题答案锁定在B项 a problem in America’s legal profession and solutions to it或D项flawed ownership of America’s law firms and its causes之间，而D项的关键词是―法律公司‖，范围太小，以偏概全，故答案为B。
所以，解主旨题，解题方法思路正确，看似很难的题目，实则不难。
五道题中，难度最大的一道题是27题，这是一道综合细节题，很容易进入命题人的陷阱。
拿到题目，同学很容易定位到文中文中第三段第三句，该句讲―在美国大多数州成为律师只有一条路径：四年不相关学科（unrelated subject）的学士学位，在美国律师协会授权的200所法律学校中攻读三年以获得法律学位以及准备律师资格考试费用昂贵，这使得普通的法律毕业生债台高筑‖。
2018 考研英语阅读真题Text 2(英语二)
2018 Text 2（英语⼆）可再⽣能源Text 2While — coal, oil, gas — still generate roughly 85 percent of the world's energy supply, it's clearer than ever that the future belongs to renewable sources such as wind and solar.The move to renewables is picking up momentum around the world: They now account for more than half of new power sources going on line.Some growth stems from a commitment by governments and farsighted businesses to fund cleaner .But increasingly the story is about the plummeting prices of renewables, especially wind and solar.The cost of has dropped by 80 percent and the cost of by close to one-third in the past eight years.In many parts of the world is already a principal energy source.In , for example, wind turbines provide enough electricity to power 95 percent of homes.While the rest of the world takes the lead, notably China and , the United States is also seeing a remarkable shift.fossil fuels 尽管化⽯燃料，如煤炭、⽯油、天然⽓仍然在全球能源供应中约占85%，然⽽⽐以往更清楚的趋势是未来是属于再⽣资源的，例如⻛能和太阳能。
英语二难度对照表
年份 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023
内容
Text l：内疚感的积极作用 Text 2：加州森林吸碳减少控制 Text 3：美国农场劳动力不足 Text 4：控制白色垃圾 Text l：老鼠的社交信号 Text2：CEO的收入高 Text 3：空气质量如何提高 Text4：Z世纪的轻人 Text l：学习新技能 Text 2：英国不能自给自足 Text 3：大公司实行买杀战略 Text 4：第一印象比认真思考更准确 Text l：对环境友好型鸡蛋和可再生农场 Text 2：美国人倾向于选择在退休后继续工作 Text 3：侵犯用户隐私和误导用户的“暗模式” Text 4：道德课程能否改变人们的行为 Text 1：关于使用人工草坪的争议 Text 2：美国国家公园深陷危机 Text 3：数字时代的记忆力 Text 4：青少年的叛逆有其原因
难度
偏难 易 偏难 偏难 中等 偏难 偏难 中等 易 中等 偏难 偏难 中等 中等 偏难 偏难 中等 中等 偏难 中等
2008 考研英语阅读真题Text 2(英语二)
2008 Text 2（英语⼆）⽆纸化图书馆It used to be so straightforward.A team of researchers working together in the laboratory would submit the results of their research to a journal.A would then remove the authors' names and affiliations from the paper and send it to their peers for review.Depending on the comments received, the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it.Copyright rested with the journal publisher, and researchers seeking knowledge of the results would have to subscribe to the journal.No longer.The Internet — and pressure from funding agencies, who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it — is making free access to scientific results a reality.The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development () has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this.The report, by John Houghton of in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD, makes heavy reading for publishers who have, so far, made 原本⼀切都很简单。
2001年阅读真题Text2
2001年阅读真题Text2 逐句翻译A great deal of attention is being paid today to the so-called digital divide—the division of the world into the info（information）rich and the info poor.如今，人们在高度关注被称为数字鸿沟的现象，即将世界划分为信息丰富和信息贫乏。
And that divide does exist today.这样的划分在今天也确实存在。
My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago.20年以前我的妻子和我就这个临近的危险作过报告。
What was less visible then, however（插入语）,were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide.然而，抵制数字鸿沟的新现的、积极的力量在当时尚不明显。
There are reasons to be optimistic.有一些原因变使我们感到乐观。
There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. 这有科技的原因让我们希望数字鸿沟会缩小。
As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access—after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are.随着互联网越来越商业化，普及上网对商家是有利的，毕竟，在线的人数越多，潜在的客户就越多。
2021年英语二text2
2021年英语二text22021年英语二text2内容如下：With the global population predicted to hit close to 10 billion by 2050, and forecasts that agricultural production in some regions will need to nearly double to keep pace, food security is increasingly making headlines. In the UK, it has become a big talking point recently too, for a rather particular reason: Brexit.Brexit is seen by some as an opportunity to reverse a recent trend towards the UK importing food. The country produces only about 60 per cent of the food it eats, down from almost three-quarters in the late 1980s. A move back to self-sufficiency, the argument goes, would boost the farming industry, political sovereignty and even the nation’s health. Sounds great—but how feasible is this vision?According to a report on UK food production from the University of Leeds, UK, 85 per cent of the country’s total land area is associated with meat and dairy production. That supplies 80 per cent of what is consumed, so even covering the whole country in livestock farms wouldn’t allow us to cover all our meat and dairy needs.There are many caveats to those figures, but they are still grave. To become much more self-sufficient, the UK would need to drastically reduce its consumption of animal foods, and probably also farm more intensively—meaning fewer green fields, and more factory-styleproduction.But switching to a mainly plant-based diet wouldn’t help. There is a good reason why the UK is dominated by animal husbandry: most of its terrain doesn’t have the right soil or climate to grow crops on a commercial basis. Just 25 per cent of the country’s land is suitable for crop-growing, most of which is already occupied by arable fields. Even if we converted all the suitable land to fields of fruit and veg—which would involve taking out all the nature reserves and removing thousands of people from their homes—we would achieve only a 30 per cent boost in crop production.Just 23 per cent of the fruit and vegetables consumed in the UK are currently home-grown, so even with the most extreme measures we could meet only 30 per cent of our fresh produce needs. That is before we look for the space to grow the grains, sugars, seeds and oils that provide us with the vast bulk of our current calorie intake.26. Some people argue that food self-sufficiency in the UK would .A. be hindered by its population growthB. contribute to the nation’s well-beingC. become a priority of the governmentD. pose a challenge to its farming industry27. The report by the University of Leeds shows that in the UK .A. farmland has been inefficiently utilizedB. factory-style production needs reformingC. most land is used for meat and dairy productionD. more green fields will be converted for farming28. Crop-growing in the UK is restricted due to .A. its farming technologyB. its dietary traditionC. its natural conditionsD. its commercial interests29. It can be learned from the last paragraph that British people .A. rely largely on imports for fresh produceB. enjoy a steady rise in fruit consumptionC. are seeking effective ways to cut calorie intakeD. are trying to grow new varieties of grains30. The author’s attitude to food self-sufficiency in the UK is .A. DefensiveB. doubtfulC. tolerantD. optimistic【Text 2答案解析】26.【答案】B(contribute to the nation’s well-being)【解析】本题为细节题。
考研英语2010年 TEXT2 翻译
Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. received one for its “one-click” online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box.在过去的十年中，成千上万的商业方法被授予了专利权。
亚马逊网站获得的专利是在线“单击”付费系统。
美林公司的资产分配方案得到了法律保护。
有个发明者的提箱技巧也获得了专利。
Now the nation’s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, a s the case is known, is “a very big deal,” says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of Law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.”现在，该国最高专利法院似乎完全准备好要缩减商业方法专利，因为商业方法专利自从十年前第一次批准授予以来一直有争议。
2020年英语二text2精解
2020年英语二text2精解一、背景描绘2020年英语二考试text2文章题材广泛，主旨明确，篇章结构合理，语言地道，意义深刻。
文章通常包括背景信息、现状问题、原因分析以及解决方案等内容。
二、文中评述在2020年英语二text2中，作者通常会以一些社会热点话题为主题，涉及教育、环境、科技、社会发展、健康等方面。
在论证观点和分析问题时，作者通常会使用一些例证、数据和专家观点来支撑自己的观点，使文章更具有权威性和说服力。
三、文章分析文章段落结构明确，每个段落的主题和内部逻辑清晰，彼此之间又有自然过渡。
通常采用直陈的议论文结构，即先提出问题，再分析原因，最后给出解决方案或建议。
语言表达清晰简洁，不过分追求华丽的修辞，注重逻辑严密和论证合理。
整篇文章的线索清晰，条理分明。
四、解题技巧阅读文章时，考生应认真理解文章的主旨和中心思想，把握作者的观点和论证思路。
在答题时应按照文章的结构和逻辑展开思路，合理安排文章的结构框架，注意使用一些举例、数据、引用专家观点等方法来增加文章的说服力。
同时还要注意语言表达的准确性和地道性，避免使用一些陈词滥调和口语化的表达方式。
五、写作技巧考生在准备英语二text2文章时，应该注重积累一些相关的知识和背景信息，增强自己的议论能力。
平时要多读一些社会科学类的书籍和文章，注重提高阅读能力和理解能力，培养自己对社会问题的敏感度。
要注重写作训练，多做一些模拟题，提高自己的写作水平。
六、总结2020年英语二text2文章的总体水平和难度相对较高，考生在备考时必须做好充分的准备，在平时要注重积累相关素材和提高写作能力，才能在考试中取得理想的成绩。
以上就是2020年英语二text2的精解，希望对广大考生有所帮助。
2020年英语二text2的精解中提到了文章的主题范围、结构和写作技巧等方面的内容。
在此基础上，我们可以进一步扩展相关知识和技巧，帮助考生更好地备战英语二考试。
一、背景描绘2020年英语二text2文章的题材广泛，包括教育、环境、科技、社会发展、健康等方面的热点话题。
2000年考研英语text2
2000年考研英语text2
2000年考研英语的text2是一篇什么样的文章呢？2000年考研英语的text2是一篇关于环境问题的文章。
文章主要讨论了环境保护和可持续发展的重要性。
文章提到了环境问题对人类生存和发展的影响，呼吁人们应该采取行动来保护环境。
文章可能会包括对环境问题的描述、原因分析、解决方案等内容。
文章可能会从多个角度来探讨环境问题，比如从社会、经济、政治等方面来分析环境问题的根源和影响。
同时，文章可能会呼吁人们关注环境问题，提出个人和社会应该采取的行动来改善环境状况。
此外，文章还可能会涉及到环境保护相关的国际合作和政策法规等内容，以及环境保护对于全球可持续发展的重要性。
总之，2000年考研英语text2可能是一篇关于环境问题的文章，探讨了环境保护和可持续发展的重要性，并呼吁人们采取行动来保护环境。
2002考研英语阅读真题 Text 2(英语二)
2002 Text 2（英语⼆）机器⼈科技的发展Text 2Since the dawn of human ingenuity, people have devised ever more cunning tools to cope with work that is dangerous, boring, burdensome, or just plain nasty.That compulsion has resulted in robotics -the science of conferring various human capabilities on machines.And if scientists have yet to create the mechanical version of , they have begun to come close.As a result, the modern world is increasingly populated by intelligent gizmos whose presence we barely notice but whose universal existence has removed much human labor.Our factories hum to the rhythm of robot assembly arms.Our banking is done at automated teller terminals that thank us with mechanical politeness for the transaction.Our subway trains are controlled by tireless robot-drivers.And thanks to the continual miniaturization of electronics and micro-mechanics, there are already robot systems that can perform some kinds of brain and bone surgery with submillimeter accuracy - far greater precision than highly skilled 短⽂ 2从⼈类最初有了智慧⾄今，⼈们设计了⽇益巧妙的⼯具来处理那些危险的、枯燥的、繁重的或者只是⼀般肮脏的⼯作。
text2text预训练方法
text2text预训练方法
text2text预训练方法是一种新兴的自然语言处理技术，它通过对大量的文本数据进行预训练，使得机器能够学习到自然语言中的语义和语法规则，从而实现更加自然的语言生成和理解。
该方法的核心思想是将自然语言处理任务转化为文本生成任务，即将输入文本转化为目标文本。
在预训练阶段，机器学习模型将通过自监督学习的方式，以目标文本为参考，自动生成输入文本。
具体来说，机器学习模型将学习到如何将一段语言转换成另一段语言，如将一段英文翻译成中文。
text2text预训练方法的优点在于，通过自监督学习的方式，使得机器能够自主学习语言之间的联系和规则，避免了传统方法中需要手动处理大量数据、构建复杂的特征工程的问题，从而大大提高了自然语言处理的效率和准确性。
除此之外，text2text预训练方法还具有很强的泛化能力，即使在面临新的、未见过的数据时，机器也能够通过学习到的规则和联系，快速适应并处理新的数据。
这一点在实际应用中尤为重要，因为自然语言处理的应用场景非常广泛，面对的数据形式和内容也非常丰富多样。
总之，text2text预训练方法是一种非常有潜力的自然语言处理技术，它的出现将会极大地提高自然语言处理的效率和准确性，为人工智能和自然语言处理领域的发展带来新的机遇和挑战。
- 1 -。
在使用text2sql时的技巧
在使用text2sql时的技巧摘要：1.介绍text2sql的意义和应用场景2.详述使用text2sql时的技巧a.数据预处理b.选择合适的SQL模板c.利用实体识别和关系抽取技术d.优化查询结果3.总结text2sql的优势和局限性正文：随着大数据时代的到来，数据查询已成为许多领域中不可或缺的一环。
text2sql作为一种将自然语言查询转换为结构化查询的工具，逐渐受到人们的关注。
在使用text2sql时，有一些技巧可以帮助我们更高效地进行数据查询。
首先，数据预处理是提高text2sql查询效果的关键。
在进行查询之前，我们对输入的文本进行清洗和整理，去除无用的标点符号、停用词等。
此外，还可以利用词干提取、词形还原等技术简化文本数据。
这些预处理方法有助于提高查询的准确性。
其次，选择合适的SQL模板也是提高查询效果的重要因素。
针对不同的查询需求，text2sql提供了多种SQL模板。
例如，对于分类查询，我们可以使用“SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE class_column = "target_class"”的模板；对于排序查询，可以使用“SELECT * FROM table_name ORDER BYcolumn_name”的模板。
根据实际需求选择合适的模板，可以确保查询语句的正确性。
此外，利用实体识别和关系抽取技术也是提高查询效果的好方法。
通过对文本中的实体和关系进行识别和抽取，可以将自然语言查询转换为更精确的SQL语句。
例如，文本中提到“张三年龄大于李四”，可以通过实体识别找到“张三”和“李四”对应的表和列，然后构造“SELECT * FROM table_name WHERE column_name > column_name”的查询语句。
最后，优化查询结果是text2sql不可或缺的一环。
在查询过程中，我们可以通过调整查询参数、合并相似查询、过滤无关结果等方法，提高查询结果的准确性和实用性。
text2sql原理
Text2SQL是一种自然语言生成技术，它的原理是将自然语言文本转换为SQL查询语句。
具体来说，Text2SQL技术可以将自然语言查询语句转换为SQL查询语句，使得用户可以使用自然语言与数据库交互，而不需要编写复杂的SQL查询语句。
Text2SQL的实现原理主要包括以下几个步骤：
1. 自然语言理解：首先，Text2SQL系统需要对用户的自然语言查询语句进行理解，包括查询意图、查询对象、查询条件等信息。
这一步通常需要使用自然语言处理技术，如分词、词性标注、命名实体识别、句法分析等，来提取查询语句中的关键信息。
2. 数据库查询生成：基于自然语言理解的结果，Text2SQL系统需要生成相应的SQL查询语句。
这一步通常需要使用SQL查询生成算法，根据查询意图和查询对象，生成相应的SELECT、FROM、WHERE等SQL语句，以及适当的JOIN、GROUP BY、ORDER BY等语句，以满足查询需求。
3. 数据库查询执行：生成的SQL查询语句需要与数据库进行交互，执行查询操作并获取查询结果。
这一步需要使用数据库连接器和数据库操作库，将生成的SQL查询语句发送给数据库，并获取数据库响应结果。
4. 结果展示：最后，Text2SQL系统需要将查询结果以可读的方式展示给用户，通常可以使用自然语言生成技术将查询结果转换为自然语言文本，或者直接展示SQL查询结果。
总之，Text2SQL技术通过将自然语言查询转换为SQL查询，使得用户可以更加便捷地与数据库进行交互，提高了数据查询和处理的效率和便利性。
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Text 2.Paragraph 1.1.straightforward=simple adj.简单的=frank =candid adj.坦率的=clear-out 清楚的2.submit v.提交；服从于（submit oneself to）-mit结尾常考词汇：commit v.犯罪（commit a crime）permit v.许可；允许。
a ...of形式的词组不论中间省略的是什么量词，都表示“一些”。
A team of researchers working together in the laboratory（后定）would submit the results of their research（定语）to a journal.在一个实验室共同工作的研究者们将其研究成果呈递给一份专业刊物。
3.affiliation n.附属机构peer n.同事；同辈。
peer pressure：同龄人压力。
4.depend on=rely on 依靠decline v.拒绝；下降。
decline to do sthdecline=refuse=reject；decline表示婉拒，依次往后程度加深。
Depending on the comments received （伴随状语），the editor would accept the paper for publication or decline it.依据反馈回来的信息，编辑再决定是发表此论文还是退回论文。
5.copyright n.版权6.subscribe v.订阅subscribe to the journal：订阅杂志。
Copyright rested with the journal publisher，and researchers seeking knowledge of the results （后定）would have to subscribe to the journal.论文的版权归出版社所有，要想查阅此研究结果，研究者们必须订阅该杂志。
subscriber n.用户；订户。
-scribe结尾常考词汇：scribe：写。
prescribe v.规定；开处方。
describe v.描述。
inscribe v.篆写，刻。
Paragraph 2.1.no longer=not any more再也不2.make money 赚钱access v.使用；接近；存取/n.进入；使用权get access to=be access to获得reality n.现实（realistic adj.现实的）idealism n.理想主义（idealistic adj.理想主义的）practice n.实践（practical adj.实际的）theory n.理论（theoretical adj.理论上的）The Internet-and pressure from funding agencies（后定），who are questioning why commercial publishers are making money from government-funded research by restricting access to it.（插入语：定语从句嵌套宾语从句）—is making access to scientific results （后定）a reality.这句话大结构：主谓宾+宾部是The Internet-and pressures is making access to scientific results areality .出版商们通过限制人们查看政府资助的研究成果来获利，出资机构对此表示质疑。
这种压力和网络的发展使便捷地获取科研成果变成现实。
3.issue v.颁布；发布/n.议案；话题。
far-reaching 深远的。
consequence n.后果；影响。
far-reaching impact/consequence 深远影响。
as a consequence=as a result 因此farther（具体）farfurther（抽象）further study:深造/further information：进一步的信息/further notice：进一步的通知。
The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD)has just issued a report describing the far-reaching consequences of this.经济合作与发展组织（OECD）最近公布了一份报告，描述了这一变化的深远影响。
4.handsome adj.可观的handsome profits：可观的收益。
The report，by John Houghton of Victoria University in Australia and Graham Vickery of the OECD （关注大写）makes heavy reading for publishers who have，so far，made handsome profits（定语从句）.澳大利亚维多利亚大学的John Houghton和OECD的Graham共同执笔撰写的报告让那些迄今为止获取了巨大利润的出版商们阅读起来心情沉重。
5.endeavor n./v.努力；尽力。
endeavor in致力于=devote oneself toIt signals a change in what has，until now，been a key element of scientific endeavor（宾语从句）.它标志着目前科学研究中一个关键要素发生了改变。
Paragraph 3.1.in part 部分地；一定程度上。
depend on=count on=rely on 依靠。
ready cash：现钱。
2.core adj.核心的；estimate v.估计overestimate =overrate v.高估；underestimate v.低估；3.specialize in=be adept at=be proficient in 擅长+number=over超过more than +v.不仅仅more than earn one’s salary不仅仅是赚钱+adj.非常more than happy/pleased 非常开心no more than：不超过The International Association of Scientific，Technical and Medical Publishers says that there are more than 2000 publishers worldwide specializing in these subjects（宾语从句）.国际科技和医疗出版商联合会称，全世界有2000多家出版公司从事这类主题的出版。
Paragraph 4.1.according to 根据scholarly adj.学术的scholarly journals：学术期刊2.emerge=arise v.出现arising n.出现。
形似词汇：rise vi.上升raise vt.筹钱；养；举起arouse vt.引起arouse one’s sympathy 引起某人的同情4.identify v.确定，找到，发现。
model n.模式。
Three main ones（models）were identified by the report’s authors.报告者指出了三种主要模式5.so-called 所谓的institutional adj.公共机构的site-licensing agreements 网站许可协议6.archive n.档案；档案馆。
repository n.贮藏室7.hybrid n.混合物；杂种。
hybrid system：合成系统Other models exist that are hybrids of these three（定语从句），such as delayed open-access，where journals allow only subscribers to read a paper for the first six months，before making it freely available to everyone who wishes to see it（定语从句）.还有一些商业模式为以上三种主要模式的混合体，如延迟开放模式，即将这些期刊前六个月只允许付费者与阅读论文，然后才免费提供给所有想阅读的人。
8.attribute...to=ascribe... to=owe...to 把...归因于distribute=allocate 分配；分发。
contribute to 贡献；捐献；投稿（=lead to=result in=give rise to）导致。
选项：1.routine n.流程the publication routine of laboratory reports 实验报告的出版流程。
2.effective adj.有效的（属于主观看法的词汇）upset v.使...不安；使...沮丧。
benefit v.有利于...；给...带来好处。
3.in that 是因为4.huge profits：巨额利润5.emphasize v.强调crucial=important=vital=critical=significant-essential=indispensable 重要的；不可或缺的。
emphasize the crucial role of scientific knowledge.强调科学知识的重要性6.facilitate v.便利了......7.render v.使得8.channel n.渠道。