2014届上海市长宁、嘉定区高三二模英语试题
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【语法填空】
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【语法填空】（1）虹口(A)One of my most surprising findings as a student is 25 parents do not always accept your adulthood. I was always told that once you get to college, your parents realize that you have been living 26 your own and can make your own decisions. This idea was rejected 27 I came home for Thanksgiving. At first, everything was going as 28 (smoothly) as possible. The first night I went to the Berkeley campus to visit my friend Sara, without any argument from my mother.29 when I called her to say I had decided to spend the night at Sara’s dorm, my mom i nformed me that she wanted me home at one a.m. I was wild with anger! I 30 (make) my own decisions how late a young man should stay out for several months. However much I tried to reason with my mother, she insisted things are different when I am home, and that they were the 31 paying my bills. And kids, this is true. No matter how much you want to fight it, mommy and daddy are still holding the purse strings, whether you are 18 or not. Sometimes it is best to sit back, shut up, and do 32 they ask.(B)A land free from destruction, plus wealth, natural resources, and labor supply — all these were important factors in helping England to become the center for the Industrial Revolution, but they were not enough. Something else 33 (need) to start the industrial process. That “something special” was men — creative individuals 34 could invent machines, find new sources of power, and establish business organizations to reshape society.The men who created the machines of the Industrial Revolution came from many backgrounds and many occupations. Many of them were more inventors than scientists. A pure scientist appreciates 35 (conduct) his research accurately. He is not necessarily working 36 ______ his findings can be used. An inventor or one interested in applied science is usually trying to make something that has a concrete use. He may strive 37 (solve) a problem by using the theories of science or by experimenting through trialand error. Regardless of his method, he is working to obtain 38 specific result: the construction of a harvesting machine, the burning of a light bulb, or one of many other objectives.Many of the people who developed the machines of the Industrial Revolution were inventors, not 39 (train) scientists. A few were both scientists and inventors. Even those who had little or no training in science 40 not have made their inventions if a groundwork had not been laid by scientists years before.（2）黄浦( A )Since my retirement from teaching music in 2001, I have spent a good deal of time 25. ______ (paint) as an artist. I actually began drawing in the summer of 1995 when my father died, so perhaps I was trying to recover 26. _____ the loss of my father, or maybe it was just paintings 27. _____ brought back memories of him. In any case, I drew pen and ink animals and landscapes much influenced by Krenkel and St. John for five years. For some strange reason, I had been waiting until my retirement to start doing watercolors again, but 28. _____ _____ ______ I walked out of the school door for the last time, I picked up my brushes and rediscovered Andrew Wyeth, who quickly became my favorite artist.I had looked through all the art books I had on my shelves and found his watercolors to be 29. _____ (close) to how I thought good watercolors should look. So I painted landscapes around Minnesota for three years and tried out many other types of painting. However, watercolors remained my first choice, and I think I did my best work there, 30. _____ (display) my paintings at a number of art shows.It is wonderful to have some time doing 31. _____ I want to do. As Confucius once said, “At seven ty I can follow my heart’s desire.”( B )In the last decade, research 32. _____ (show) that resistance exercise can help numerous disease states, including depression. You can improve your overall health just by watching your weight and taking walks in the neighborhood. But 33. _____ you want to improve your fitness —look better, maximize health, have more energy, prevent injuries —you need to do more.In recent years, emphasis has shifted to a type of resistance training 34. _____ builds muscles used inday-to-day tasks, helping avoid injury or re-injury. 35. _____ (call) functional strength training, it helps with tasks such as lifting infants in and out of car seats or lifting garage doors. Another goal is 36. _____ (reduce) the risk factors in patients with long-term diseases such as heart disease and diabetes.“Part of my job is trying to convince that 85-year-old woman that she really 37. _____ start weight lifting. 38. _____ who need persuading are women recently treated for breast cancer.” say s Dr. Dennis Kerrigan, at Henry Ford Health System’s Center for Athletic Medicine.“Friends and family tell them, ‘Take it easy,’ but chemotherapy(化疗) can reduce muscle mass, leaving body fat that is linked to cancer returning,”he says. “My suggestion? Strength training. It’s taken a long time for women to realize 39. _____ important strength training is, but once they try it, they 40. _____ (hook).”（3）静杨青宝(A)I have to say that my mom is stricter than most parents, and I’m the kind of kid who has a lot of my own thoughts.I used to think that she’s just a picky person that likes to make things more difficult for me, so we once sat down and talked face to face trying to clarify every misunderstanding we have (25)__________ us. I (26)__________ (convince) and decided to change my attitude towards her. My mom told me that as we grow, she’s also growing, too. Every day, she learns something new about being a mom, and her knowledge of becoming a good mom gradually grows.(27)__________ time passes by, I began to realize that most of her rules, or should I say “point of view”, are really to protect us. We teenagers often think that parents are conservative(保守的), and they know nothing about us, but honestly, we’re actually still too young (28)__________ (know) what’s really best for us.Parents can be wrong sometimes because nobody’s perfect, and they may be just like my mom who is still on her way to (29)__________ (be) a perfect parent! So, to those who often argue with their parents like me: next time, when you really disagree with (30)__________ your parents say, stop and tell yourself that your parents would never try to do (31)__________ to harm you because they love you before you yell at them.Finally, I really want my mom to know how sorry I am for always yelling at her breaking her heart. I really do want to change because I love her just as much as she loves me.(B)When I was in junior high school, darkness began filling my mind. I don’t know the day or the reason why it began. All I know is that I started feeling hopeless and worthless. I hid in my room, (32)__________ (stare) outof the window, thinking about all my failures. I even questioned (33)__________ being alive was worthwhile. My dark mood wasn’t constant. It would fade at times, but it always returned.It was my parents that helped me identify the shadow (34)__________ hung over my life —depression. Depression is (35)__________ mental illness that drains your energy and prevents you from enjoying life. It can keep you from succeeding at school or work or from connecting with others. At its (36)__________ (bad), depression can even lead to suicide.When your mood is dark, how do you know whether you are depressed or just sad? Think about how long the feelings (37)__________ (last). If they have persisted for weeks or months, get help.No one (38)__________ face depression alone. If you’re depressed, find someone — a friend, parent, teacher or pastor —and tell them your feelings. Consider seeing a doctor or psychologist, if they are getting worse.When I was depressed, I was (39)__________ (embarrass) to tell anyone. I didn’t want to seem weak or needy. But when I told my friends, they supportedand encouraged me.In fact, (40)__________ depression affects many people worldwide, treatments are available and can bring hope and joy back into their life.(4)浦东(A)One night I decided to spend some time building a happier and closer relationship with my daughter. As she _______25_______ (ask) me to play chess with here, I suggested a game and she eagerly accepted. It was a school night, however, and at nine o’clock my daughter asked if I _______26_______ hurry my moves, because she needed to go to bed; she had to get up at six in the morning. I knew she had strict sleeping habits, _______27_______ I thought she ought to be able to give up some of this strictness. I said to her, “What fun it is! Why not stay up late for once.”We played on for _______28_______ fifteen minutes, during which time she looked anxious. Finally she said, “Please, Daddy, do it quickly/”“No,”I replied, “_______29_______ you want to play it well, you’re going to play it slowly.” And so we continued until suddenly my daughter burst intotears, and admitted _______30_______(beat).Clearly, I had made a mistake. I had started the evening wanting to have a happy time with my daughter but had allowed my intention to win to become more important than my relationship with my daughter. When I was a child, my desire _______31_______(win) served me well. As a parent, I realized that it got in my way. So I had to change.(B)While income worry is a rather common problem of the aged, loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face. Of all the reasons _______32_______ explain their loneliness, a large geographical distance between parents and their children is the major one. This phenomenon is commonly known as “ Empty Nest Syndrome”(空巢综合症).In order to seek _______33_______ chances outside their countries, many young people have gone abroad, _______34_______ their parents behind with no clear idea of when they will return home. Their parents spend countless lonely days and nights, taking care of themselves, in the hope that someday their children will come back to stay with them. The fact_______35_______ most of these young people have gone to Europeanized or Americanized societies makes it unlikely that they will hold as tightly to the value of duty _______36_______ they would have if they had not left their countries. Whatever the case, it has been noted that the values they hold do not necessarily match _______37_______ they actually do. This geographical and cultural distance also prevents the grown-up children from providing response_______38_______ the needs of their aged parents.The situation in which grown-up children live far away from their aged parents _______39_______(describe) as “distant parent phenomenon”, _______40_______ is common both in developed countries and in developing countries. Our society has not yet been well prepared for “ Empty Nest Syndrome”.(5) 普陀(A)Madonna：Singer/actress, born Michigan, USA, 1959Originally a dancer, she had her first popularrecord ‘Holiday’in 1983. In 1985 she began her film career and also married actor Sean Penn, but (25)____ marriage lasted less than four years. Her ‘Blond Ambition Tour’in 1990 with special clothes(26)____(design) by Jean Paul Gaultier caused much conflict. Her career took a more respectable direction, however, with the birth of her first child, Lourdes, in 1997, and her performance in the title role of Evita.Pelé：footballer, born Edson Arantes do Nascimento, Tres Coracoes, Brazil, 1940(27)____(consider) by many to be the greatest footballer of all time, he became a world star at the age of only seventeen, when Brazil first won the World Cup in Sweden. Perhaps his (28)____(great) success in his life was to win the third World Cup in Mexico in 1970. He played in four World Cup competitions, and scored over 1,200 goals in his career before finally (29)____(retire) in 1977. He (30)____(appoint) Brazilian Special Minister for Sport in 1994.Steffi Graf：tennis player, born Neckerau, Germany, 1969(31)____ Graf turned professional at the age of thirteen, she won her first major tournament in 1986 and became the world’s number one a year later. In 1988 she became the first woman since 1970 to win ‘The Grand Slam’(Wimbledon, the US, Australian and French Open tournaments). She (32)____(win) over 100 titles in her career and earned up to $20 million.(B)One in three American children now live with onlyone parent. (33)____ ____ the traditional family of Japan is strong, divorce still went up quickly between 1980 and 1995. (34)____ is more important is that the nature of the family is changing. In Sweden and Denmark, around half of all babies are now born to unmarried parents, and in the United Kingdom and France more than a third.Families are getting smaller. The average Turkish family had seven members in 1970; today it has only five. And in Spain and Italy, (35)____ families were always traditionally large, the birthrate was the lowest in the developed world in 1995. This fall in the birthrate is due to the fact that, as more women have careers, they are waiting longer and longer (36)____(start) a family. The age (37)____ ____ the average woman has her first baby is now 28 in Western Europe, and it is getting later.So the nuclear family is clearly changing, but is it in danger of (38)____(disappear) completely?The truth is (39)____ it is still too early to tell. In some countries these patterns are actually reversing. In the United States, Scandinavia and the United Kingdom,the birthrate is rising once more; and in Denmark, for example, marriage is becoming more popular again. In the United States, the divorce rate in fact fell (40)____ 10 per cent between 1980 and 1990, and it is continuing to fall.（6）徐汇松江金山(A)The California state assembly recently approved the so-called Paris Hilton bill, which prevents dogs 25______ occupying the driver’s seat in a moving vehicle. The bill passed 26______ Democrats wanted to make an example of Miss Hilton. They think she is a “little rich girl” who always gets her way; plus, her daddy is a big contributor to the Republican Party. “The judge 27______ have put her in jail for four months,” said one Democrat when Paris got only a four-day jail sentence for driving while drunk.28______ (drive) around town with her little dog Lovey hanging out the driver's window, Paris is a familiar sight throughout Los Angeles. Pictures of her and Lovey are common in newspapers and magazines.“That dog is a deadly threat to everyone on thestreets and the sidew alks,” said assembly leader Fabian Nunez. “We wrote this bill to protect the public. There’s no telling 29______ the dog might cause her to drive into a crowd of pedestrians. 30______ Paris wants to be with her dog, let her chauffeur do the driving. The state assembly is responsible for protecting people, and we take that responsibility seriously.”The assembly bill passed by a vote of 44 to 11. The state senate(参议院) 31______(expect) to approve the bill, and Governor Schwarzenegger has promised to sign it. “I love dogs,” he said, “but when it comes to 32______ (protect) the people of California, dogs will have to take a back seat.”The eleven assembly members who objected to the bill were all Republicans. “While Californians,”said Republican Tom Ridge, “are being attacked daily by murderers, rapists, and muggers, who do the Democrats protect citizens from—a 33______ (spoil) little girl and her dog!”(B)He almost killed somebody, but one minute changed his life. This beautiful story comes fromSherman Rogers’ book, Foremen: Leaders or Drivers? .In his true-life story, Rogers illustrates the importance of effective relationships. During his college years, Rogers spent 34______ summer in an Idaho(爱达荷州) logging camp. When the superintendent had to leave for a few days, he put Rogers in charge.“35______ if the men refuse to follow my orders?”Rogers asked. He thought of Tony, an immigrant worker who roared all day, giving the other men a hard time.“Fire them,”the superintendent said. Then, as if 36______ (read) Roger’s mind, he added, “I suppose you think you are going to fire Tony if you get the chance. I’d feel badly about that. I have been logging for 40 years. Tony is the most reliable worker I’ve ever had. I know he hates everybody and everything. But he comes in first and leaves last. There has not been an accident for eight years on the hill 37______ he works.”Rogers took over the next day. He went to Tony and spoke to him.“Tony, do you know I’m in charge here today?”Tony grunted（发哼声）. “I was going to fire you the first time we fought, but I want you to know I’m not,”he told Tony, adding what the superintendent 38______(say).When he finished, Tony dropped the shovelful of sand he had held and tears streamed down his face.“Why he no tell me dat eight years ago?”That day Tony worked harder than ever before --- and he smiled! He later said to Rogers, “My first foreman who ever say, ‘Good work, Tony’ and it made me feel like Christmas.”Rogers went back to school after that summer. Twelve years later he met Tony again who was now superintendent for railroad construction for one of 39______ (large) logging companies in the West. Rogers asked him how he came to California and happened to have such success.Tony replied, “If it not be for the one minute you talk to me back in Idaho, I keel somebody someday. One minute change my whole life.”Effective managers know the importance of taking a moment to point out 40______ a worker is doing well. But what a difference a minute of affirmation can make in any relationship!（7）闸北ANo trip to South Korea is complete without a visit to its fascinating theme parks. For those who assume that amusement parks are just playgrounds teeming with kids, South Korea’s theme parks are sure (25)______(change) their minds.With their charming garden plantations, hot springs and exciting rides, they offer travellers a romantic and exciting getaway. Within the appropriate driving distance from the Korean capital Seoul, there are three theme parks worth (26)______ (visit)—Lotte World, Everland and Seoul Land.Everland, the (27)______(large) theme park in South Korea, covering various areas like Festival World, Caribbean Bay and Speedway. It is such (28)______ huge park that you will have to plan in advance where you are investing your time there.Lotte World, (29)_____ designer was determined to create a wonderland for fun-seekers, consists of Lotte World Adventure, and movie theatres. You (30)______ also take part in activities such as ice-skating or bowling there.(31)______ travellers want, South Korea is there toprovide. Hop on a heart-stopping ride, amuse yourself in one of the theme parks or simply enjoy a relaxing hot spring bath. Come and visit South Korea now!BFounded by Louis Cartier in Paris France in 1847, Cartier is well known in the fashion world. It is recognized as (32)______ of the world’s most distinguished luxury brands. Most early years of Cartier (33)______(devote) to serving royal families and celebrities. King Edward VII of England referred to Cartier as “the jeweller of kings and the king of jewellers.”The company remained under family control (34)______ 1964 when an investment group bought the business.Many of Cartier’s famous products were produced (35)______ chance. In 1904, the Brazilian pioneer pilot, Alberto Santos-Dumont complained to Louis Cartier about the unreliability and impracticality of using pocket watches (36)______ flying. In result, Cartier designed a flat wristwatch named “Santos”.(37)_____ _____ _____ it was available on the market, the watch was loved by not only Alberto Santos-Dumont but also other customers. It wasn’t long (38)______ theSantos watch became the most popular men’s wristwatch then.In 1907, Cartier began to work with a businessman named Edmond Jaeger, (39)______ agreed to exclusively supply the movements for Cartier watches. By that time, Cartier (40)______(establish) branches in many cities. It was these earliest shops that witnessed Cartier’s amazing development into today’s leading jewelry and watch brand.（8）长宁嘉定(A)A boy plays away from home and fights with others. He’s defeated, gets hurt and suffers shame. If he is strong-willed, he would clench (咬紧) his teeth, making a firm fist from (25) ______ (weep) in front of others. But as soon as he returns home he would burst out crying at the first sight of his close relatives. He would be all tears pouring out his sufferings.The same is true for a strong-willed grown-up. No matter what harm he suffers he would do his best (26) ______ (conceal) his feelings, trying not to let others know how he feels. He would swallow his bitter tearsand show a smiling face at others (27) ______ ______ he didn’t care a bit. But however strong-willed he is, most probably he would cry as soon as he meets his close relative who loves him and to (28) ______ he can pour out his heart unreservedly. Not only would he weep but he’d cry his eyes out (29) ______ grief.If somebody weeps in your face —the person never of the type doing this in front of others, you’d better sit by and let him cry to (30) ______ heart’s content, for it shows you are regarded as his dearest or (31) ______ (reliable) one.It’s much better to have someone crying in your face than be met exclusively by (32) ______ smiling face. Anyone can smile at you, but very few will weep in your face, because the latter is much harder for one to do than the former.(B)Some of young soldiers who had recently joined the army were being trained in modern ways of fighting. One of the lessons they should take was (33) ______ an unarmed man could trick an armed enemy, take his weapon away and have him (34) ______ (arrest). Firstone of their two instructors took a knife away from the other, using only his bare hands, and then he took a gun away from him in the same way.After the lesson, and before they went on to train the young soldiers to do these things themselves, the two instructors asked them a number of questions to see how well they had understood what (35) ______ (show). One of the questions was this, “Well, you now know (36) ______ an unarmed man can do against a man with a gun. Imagine that you (37) ______ (guard) a bridge at eight one night, and that you have a gun. Suddenly you see an unarmed enemy soldier (38) ______ (come) towards you, and what will you do?”The young soldier who (39) ______ ______ answer this question thought carefully for a few seconds (40) ______ he answered, and then said, “Well after what I have just seen, I think that the first thing I would do would be to get rid of my gun as quickly as I could so that the unarmed enemy soldier couldn’t take it from me and kill me with it!”（9）崇明(A)Senator Jeff Flake, an adventurous politician, went on a four-day Robinson Crusoe style holiday with his two sons, (25)_____ of whom are teenagers, to a remote, uninhabited island in the North Pacific Ocean. They traveled 5,200 miles from Phoenix, Arizona to the island of Biggarenn. They didn’t carry any food or water.The island is part of the Marshall Islands. It offered no basic facilities, (26)_____ the Flakes had to catch and cook their own food and purify their water. Their diet (27)_____(make) up of coconuts (椰子), fish and other seafood. They captured the fish and other sea creatures themselves and cooked the food over an open fire (28)_____(start) with a magnifying glass (放大镜).The Flakes brought along a lobster (龙虾) trap in hopes of having some delicious treats, but it was lost within the first few hours after (29)_____(attack) by a shark. They also carried two pumps to remove salt from ocean water. It took them hours each night (30)_____ (pump) for just a small amount of fresh water.One of the most memorable moments of the trip, the father said, was (31)_____ he and his 15-year-old son were chased by sharks after catching a fish in the ocean.Still, it was quite (32)_____ enjoyable holiday for the politician. “For a dad it was a wonderful thing. No video games around, no television, no texting,” Flake recalled.(B)Count to three and rip (撕) it off as fast as you can—this is how most people remove a band-aid (创可贴). (33)_____ _____ _____ fast you do it, it’s still going to be painful. That’s for sure. Or is it?A group of American scientists from Boston have just developed a band-aid that can be taken off without causing pain, reports the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Traditional band-aids are supposed to break apart (34)_____ the skin meets the glue, which is what makes taking them off so painful. But the new band-aid has an extra layer that sits (35)_____ the glue and the backing. When you tear off the band-aid, you remove the backing and middle layers, (36)_____(leave) the glue behind. The glue (37)_____ then be simply rubbed off with one’s fingers or left to fall off naturally. Importantly, this process is pain-free.This is not the first time scientists (38)_____(try) to solve this problem. But methods they tried in the past led to band-aids that were (39)_____(sticky) and therefore didn’t stay on for long.The Boston study was first aimed at helping babies (40)_____ skin is too delicate for standard band-aids. But adults with sensitive skin might also enjoy the benefits.(10) 奉贤(A)For most people, meat is a necessary part of any meal. But just ask yourself, would you still eat it if you knew that it had come from a cloned chicken or pig?The European Food Safety Authority has, so far, found no indication（25）______ food products, such as milk and meat, from cloned animals, are less safe than ones from normal animals. However, there are still economic and ethical(伦理的) concerns related to (26) ______(eat)cloned animals.That’s (27)______the European Union has launched a proposal to ban the sale and import of food from cloned animals.First of all, cloning is extremely costly. More importantly, cloning has a low success rate. It means that many cloned animals won’t survive into adulthood, and some (28)______ die before they are even born. This causes unnecessary suffering among animals and is opposed by animal rights supporters.While it would make it illegal to sell and import cloned animals, the proposal says that (29)______sale and import of food from the offspring(后代) of clones would be allowed since they are not considered to be thedirect products of cloning. But they are required to be clearly labeled (30)____________customers can choose whether they want them or not.The proposal (31)______ (put)to the European Parliament and member states, and it is not expected to come into force until 2016.(B)California has long attracted visitors seeking fortune, fame or both. Way back in 1849, hundreds of thousands started digging (32)______gold in the great Gold Rush of California, a historical event that(33) ______ (capture) the American imagination.Nowadays, the state is the most diverse（多元化的）in the entire mainland US – both in terms of the races of its people and the languages that(34)______ speak. Thu s, California is a true example of the “melting pot”, so often (35)______(associate) with the US.But why is it(36)______ all these different types of people choose to live and work in California? You’ve probably heard of Silicon Valley. Located outside of San Francisco in northern California, it is home to many of the world’s most successful technology companies. (37) ______ you ever send texts on an iPhone, e-mail with Yahoo, search on Google or edit pictures with Photoshop, then you have Silicon Valley to thank.But it’s not just electronic innovation that inspires people to move to California. Another major draw is one of (38)______ (old)American dreams — the chance (39)______ (become) a movie or TV star. People (40) ______ visit California get a special rush from going to Mount Lee in Santa Monica and seeing the famous Hollywood sign, a lasting symbol of the American film and television industries.(11)闵行(A)。
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【阅读回答问题】
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【阅读回答问题】（1）虹口“There is a senseless concept that children grow up and leave home when they are 18, and the truth is far from that,” says sociologist Larry Bumpass of the University of Wisconsin. Today, unexpected numbers of young adults are living with their parents.Analysts raised a variety of reasons for this return to the nest. One important reason is that the marriage age is rising, a condition that makes home and its pleasantness particularly attractive to young people, which is second to skyrocketing housing costs to which young people find their wings attached. Besides, a high divorce rate and a declining remarriage rate are sending economically pressed and emotionally hurt survivors back to parental shelters. For some, the expense of an away-from-home college education has become so great that many students now attend local schools.Living at home, says Knighton, a school teacher, continues to give her security and moral support. Her mother agreed, “It is ridiculous for the kids to pay all that money for rent. It makes sense for kids to stay at home.” But sharing the family home requires adjustments for all. There are the quarrels over bathrooms, telephones and privacy. Some families, however, manage the delicate balancing act. But for others, it proves too difficult. Michelle Del Turco, 24, has been home three times —and left three times. “What I considered a social drink, my dad considered an alcohol problem,” she explains. “He neve r liked anyone I dated, so I either had to hide away to meet them at friends? houses.”It is really hard to say how long adult children should live with their parents before moving on. Nevertheless, it is commonly recognized that lengthy homecomings are a mistake and they accidentally destroy the advantage of brief visits that will strengthen the relationship between parents and children. Children, struggling to establish separate identities, can end up with “a sense of inadequacy, defeat and failure.” And aging parents, who should be enjoying some financial and personal freedom, find themselves stuck with responsibilities, which is definitely a stress for them.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. What?s t he most important reason for young adults? returning to the nest?79. Knighton enjoys living at home due to ________.80. What has resulted in the Michelle Del Turco?s unhappy experience with her dad?81. From the passage, we can conclude it is ________ that benefit(s) both adult children and their parents to avoid lengthy homecomings.（2）黄浦Travelers arriving at Heathrow airport this year have been met by the smell of freshly-cut grass, pumped from a corner through an “aroma box”, a machine which blows warm, sweet-smelling air into the environment.Heathrow?s move into “sensory” marketing is the latest in a long line of attempts by businesses to use sensory psychology —the scientific study of the effects of the senses on our behavior to help sell products. Marketing people call this “atmosphere” —using smell s to influence consumer behavior. On Valentine?sDay two years ago, the chain of chemist?s Superdog scented one of its London shops with chocolate. “Chocolate is associated with l ove, ” said a marketing spokeswoman, “We thought it would get people in the mood for romance.” She did not reveal, though, whether the smell actually made people spend more money.However, research into customer satisfaction with certain scented products has clearly shown that smell does have a commercial effect, though of course it must be an appropriate smell. In a survey, customers considered a lemon-scented detergent(洗涤剂) more effective than another scented with coconut despite the fact that thedetergent used in both was similar. On the other hand, a coconut-scented sun cream was rated more effective than a lemon-scented one. A research group from Washington University reported that the smell of mint or orange sprayed in a store resulted in customers rating the store as more modern and more pleasant for shopping than other stores without the smell. Customers also rated the goods on sale as better, and expressed a stronger intention to visit the store again in the future.Writers and poets have often described the powerful effects of smell on our emotion, and smell is often considered to be the sense most likely to recall emotion-filled memories. Perhaps the reason is because smells are very difficult to give a name to. The fact that smell is invisible, and thus somehow more mysterious, may partly explain its reputation as our most emotional sense.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the function of “aroma box” at Heathrow airport?79. The example of “coconut-scented detergent” and “coconut-scented sun cream” is used to show that__________.80. __________ is of help for the store to leave a better impression on customers.81. What is one of the reasons why smell is considered the most emotional sense?（3）静杨青宝Not for the first time, Paul Mathis wants us to change. But this time he isn?t trying to get us to go vegetarian, or dine only on locally grown ingredients. This time he?s trying to get us to type differently.Paul Mathis, a restaurateur from Melbourne who owns a string of dining establishments, has designed the letter “?” —representing the word “the”. Now he is pushing Apple to allow him to promote his app, which features the new character, in its iTunes store.In a move to branch out of the food business, Paul has invested AUS $38,000 (￡23,500) in the new app, but has so far been rejected by Apple. He is hoping he can change their mind, pointing out that reducing the word “the” — the most used word in the English language —to one character would be helpful for Twitter and swift typing.“Is this important?” he said, in an interview with The Sydney Morning Herald. “No. Is this going to change the world? Not really. But is it something that might be useful for people? I think so, because it can sa ve people lots of time on keyboard.”“The word …and? is only the fifth-most used word in English and it has its own symbol —the ampersand …&?,” said Mr. Mathis. “Isn?t it time we gave the same respect to …the??”The top five most commonly used words in the English language are said to be: the, be, to, of, and “and”. The ampersand “&” has at times been used as the 27th letter of the English alphabet.Paul has developed the typography — effectively an upper-case “T” and a lower-case “h” bunc hed together so they share the upright stem — and an app that puts it in everyone?s hand by allowing users to download an entirely new electronic keyboard complete not just with his symbol but also a row of keys of 15 most frequently typed words.So far, though, the take-up has been minimal. But that might change if he can get his innovation into Apple?s app store. The problem is, the Californian tech giant has so far resisted his advances. But who knows — maybe in 500 years? time people will be amazed that there was a tim e when we didn?t use …??.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS)78. What is Paul Mathis?________________________________________________________________ __________79. Paul designs the new letter “?” to repres ent the word “the” because he thinks________________________________________________________________ __________.80. The main difference between the new and the old electronic keyboard is that the new one________________________________________________________________ __________.81. How can Paul attract more people to download his new keyboard?________________________________________________________________ __________(4)浦东Now many people strive to be a follower of the LOHAS movement. LOHAS means “lifestyles of health and sustainability.” This term was coined in 2000 by two American scholars.Loha sians believe in leading a healthy lifestyle that is actively involved in preserving the earth?s environment and resources. According to Lohasians, respect for on?e own mental and physical health should exist in parallel with care for the earth?s ecology. They believe their actions, in this way, can have a positive effect on our global environment, and might be able to minimize the negative effects of people?s mindless and selfish consumption.Take organic foods for example. Lohasians prefer them,not only because they are chemical-free and good for the human body, but also because they are cultivated using natural fertilizers, which do not harm the soil. Even more Lohasians turn to locally grown produce, the transportation of which consumes far less than that of imported goods. As global warming has become a universal concern, Lohasians are anxious to find ways to cut down on energy consumption.Indeed, Lohasians are always considering the long-term impact of their behavior on the planet. As more consumers are adopting LOHAS values, this growing trend has dawned on the corporate world and they begin to practice responsible capitalism, which means providing goods and services using environmentally friendly and economically sustainable business practices. For instance, Coca-Cola?s effo rts in the area of sustainable packaging focus mainly on “using and reduce itsimpact on the environment. As a result, the company saved 89,000 metric tons of glass in 2007 alone, and, therefore, reduced carbon dioxide emissions to a level equivalent to that of the planting of more than 13,000 acres of trees.Clearly, LOHAS values have become a significant trend in the world today. Individ ual or corporate “cultural creatives”are promoting these values by challenging old traditions and habits, and building new lifestyles. Although whether these practices will bring immediate benefits to the environment and the health of people today remains unknown, Lohasians are confident that these practices will benefit their children and future generations. All individuals should evolve into Lohasians and take action to save the planet, before it is too late.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. Lohasians are convinced that through their responsible actions, _____________________ might be reduced toa minimum.79. Why is locally grown produce favoured by Lohasians?80. Consumers? growing trend of LOHAS values has inspired companies to _____________________________ __________.81. In terms of their practices, Lohasians are not sure of _____________________________________________.(5) 普陀All of us exist in …bodies? of different shapes, heights, colors and physical abilities. The main reasons for the differences are genetic, and the fact that people?s bodies change as they age. However, a huge range of research indicates that there are social factors too.Poorer people are more likely to eat …unhealthy? food s, tosmoke cigarettes and to be employed in physically difficult work or the opposite: boring, inactive employment. Moreover, their housing conditions and neighbourhoods tend to be worse. All of these factors impact upon the condition of a person?s health: the physical shapes of bodies are strongly influenced by social factors.These social factors are also closely linked to emotional wellbeing. People with low or no incomes are morelikely to have mental health problems. It is not clear, however, whether poverty causes mental illness, or whether it is the other way around. For example, certain people with mental health issues may be at risk of becoming homeless, just as a person who is homeless may have an increased risk of illnesses such as depression.There are other types of social factors too. Bodies are young or old, short or tall, big or small, weak or strong. Whether these judgments matter and whether they are positive or negative depends on the cultural and historical context. In fact, the culture of different societies promote very different valuations of body shapes. What is considered as attractive or ugly, normal or abnormal varies enormously. Currently, for example, in rich societies the idea of slimness is highly valued, but historically this was different. In most societies the ideal body shape for a woman was a …full figure?, while in middle-aged man, a large stomach indicated that they were financially successful in life.Sociologists are suggesting that we should not just view bodies and minds in biological terms, but also in social terms. The physical body and what we seek to do with it change over time and society. This has important implications for medicine and ideas of health. Thus, the idea of people being …overweight?is physically related to large amounts of processed food, together with lack of exercise, and is therefore a medical issue. However, it has also become a mental health issue and social problem as a result of people coming to define this particular body shape as …wrong? and unhealthy.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Besides social factors, what are the other two reasons for differences in bodies?79. The social factors are likely to have a great effect on people?s ______ and ______.80. Valuations of body shapes change with ______.81. The “This” in the last paragraph refers to ______.（6）徐汇松江金山Space Travel and Science FictionSpace travel and science fiction have long been connected. Early science fiction writers such as Jules Verne inspired scientists and engineers to develop new space technologies. Writers of science fiction, as well as creators of science fiction TV shows and movies, often study the latest scientific concepts and use or adapt them to help expose what future space travel, space ships, and space stations might look like. And while many of their predictions have come true, many others have not.Jules Verne (1828-1905) was a French author. He was a pioneer of science fiction. In his novels From the Earth to the Moon(1865) and Around the Moon(1870), a kind of space ship is fired from a 900-foot-long cannon(大炮) at the moon. On their journey, the three travelers are deprived of gravity at one point and float around their small ship. When landing on the moon, rockets are used to slow the ship down.Given the year in which he was writing, Verne?s predictions were v ery good. The size of his space ship is about the size of the first one to go to the moon, the Apollo, minus its large rockets. Both Verne?s ship and the Apollo carried three people into space. Furthermore, rockets were indeed used by the Apollo to slow its descent. However, Verne?s ship, by analogy(相似) with a gun, shot his travelers into space, which never could have worked. The intense pressure of such an event would cause great physiological damage to the crew.During the first half of the 20th century, science fiction novels and comic books were widely distributed in the United States. Their portrayal(描写) of space travel was less far-fetched than Verne?s. Pictures began showing astronauts in space suits, as writers realized that exposure of human beings to space was deadly. Ideas of other planets were still often wrong, though. A 1928 drawing of the surface of a moon of the planet Jupiter shows it covered in plant life. Only later was it discovered that other than Earth, the planets and moons around our sun are without life as we know it. Drawings in the early 20th century showed very large space ships and stations. They were like floating cities. Writers at the time knew that trips to other stars would take hundreds of years. Those who left Earth would die on the journey; their descendants would arrive. Some writers avoided this problem by usingthe concept of suspended animation—a deep sleep in which a person doesn't grow older. Such travelers would awaken at the end of their journey, hundreds of years in the future. It is not impossible that these ideas could become reality one day.After the American space program had begun, the television show Star Trek became very popular. It follows the adventures ofa large space ship with over 400 crew members that flies around the universe at speeds faster than light. This is a wonderful dream, but it will probably never come to fulfillment. The laws of physics tell us that it is quite impossible for any object to travel faster than the speed of light.It?s clear to see that science fiction has progressed along with science and technology. Science fiction writers continue to study scientific concepts and to use them to portray the future. Looking back at their ideas, some were correct and cannot be distinguished from today?s reality; many others were nothing but fiction. But, they have always inspired new generations of humans to dream of someday going into space.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in No More Than Twelve Words.)78.According to the passage, what did early science fiction writers do to help reveal what future space travelmight look like?79.If the modern spaceship were shot into space by analogy with a gun, the astronauts in it would___________________________.80.The space travelers in early science fictions didn?t wear space suits, because___________________________________________________.81.According to the passage, suspended animation was a concept used in science fiction to_______________________________（7）闸北In North America, the Colorado（科罗拉多）River is a legend. It has sustained generations of people and many generations of wildlife. Once free, the Colorado now has many dams along its1,450 miles. Its life-giving water is divided up among seven U.S. states according to several agreements, which has caused the heaviest hit on the eco-balance of the river as no region would lose advantages compared with neighbours in the use of the river, thus inappropriate use was well expected.The Colorado once supported a vast delta（三角洲）where it met the Gulf of California. T oday the lush plantations are just memories, displaced by invasive species capable of surviving in soils poisoned by salt. The drying of the delta has huge effect on the local people. As many as 5,000 people were living in the delta 400 years ago. Today, about 300 remain. There is a delta culture at risk of extinction, partly owing to outside job opportunities and marital mobility. However, the worsening living environment caused partly by horrible grab of the waters of the Colorado River has beaten all the other reasons.It?s easy to blame farmers along the Colorado for drawing waters from its channel to water their crops or quench the thirst of their cows. They are immediate consumers of water from the Colorado, but the truth is that we, ordinary American consumers, are all at least partially responsible. Many of us have bought products that come from the region, whether in the form of paper, hamburgers, or electronics. We live in an increasingly connected world, in which we take up “virtual water” in the form of products and even services. In the U.S., we use twice as much water per person as the global average.Though it may seem to work in the short term, we can barely fix the Colorado by piping water from another place. But change is urgent. Use a water calculator to see how much water you use every day. Pay special attention to saving every drop of water hidden in your diet and wardrobe. And keep away from life stylesthat might waste water. In all, try to form a water-efficient habit.Besides, technology improvement will also be explored to make change happen in the rescue efforts. These technologies include methods to increase farming efficiency, and ways to replace invasive, water-sucking plants with native species.Anyway, it?s time we humans rose up and repaid the mother river that has long been nurturing us.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. What is the biggest factor to damage the Colorado nature?79. The major reason of the Delta culture disappearance is _____.80. Who are the two groups of people to blame for Colorado water shortage?81. Two ways to turn around the Colorado situation are to ______.（8）长宁嘉定For decades, a small percentage of homeowners have been installing solar panels (嵌板) on their rooftops. Those panels collect solar energy and change it into electricity. Until recently, the panels were too expensive for average homeowners, and their designs were anything but appealing. Thanks to new advances, however, solar panels for homes are becoming cheaper and less awkward, causing more homeowners to consider installing them.Last fall furniture seller IKEA began selling solar panels in its U.K. stores. Of course, home improvement stores such as Home Depot have been selling panels for a while. But the initiative by IKEA is seen as a way to bring the Do It Yourself solar option tothe masses. While shopping for inexpensive furniture, shoppers could add a box or two of solar panels to their carts. IKEA is partnering with a company that handles installation and servicing of the panels, making the switch to solar easy for customers. If all goes well, IKEA plans to begin selling the panels in other countries soon.SolTech, a Swedish tech company, offers a solar-power solution that is much more pleasing to the eye than traditional solar panels. Instead of flat panels, SolTech offers a glass tile(瓦片) solution that goes well with existing tiled roof designs. The see-through tiles have a silver-gray color to them, and their shape fits traditional tiled roof designs. SolTech currently offers the solar systems that heat the home?s air or water and one solar PV system that produces electricity.New Energy Technologies, Inc. is developing a solar application that won?t be installed on rooftops. Instead, the first-of-its-kind SolarWindow TM technology enables see-through windows to produce electricity in the way of showering their glass surfaces with the company?s patent-pending (专利申请中的) electricity-producing coatings. Amazingly, SolarWindow TM can produce electricity in low-light conditions and can even turn indoor light into electricity! This product holds great promise for commercial buildings since about 60 percent of a commercial building?s surface is covered with windows.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Solar panels on homeowners? rooftops work by __________.79. What is IKEA doing to popularize their DIY solar option?80. SolTech?s solar panels are prettier because the see-through glass tiles are __________.81. How is SolarWindow TM technology used to produce electricity?（9）崇明How many hours do you spend sitting in a chair every day? Eight hours in the office plus three hours in front of the TV after work is the usual situation for many people.You probably don?t need an expert to tell you that sitting too much is not good for your health —from an increased risk of heart disease and obesity (肥胖) in the long term, to reduced cholesterol (胆固醇) maintenance in the short term, not to mention the pressure on your neck and spine (脊柱).To make matters worse, a growing body of research suggests that the negative effects of sitting too much cannot be countered with a good diet and regular exercise, according to an article in The New York Times. Thearticle reported that a study of nearly 9, 000 Australians found that for each additional hour of television a person watched per day, the risk of dying rose by 11 percent. In other words, sitting is killing us.Stand up for health. Health experts suggest we break up those many hours spent sitting with more hours spent standing.The BBC and the University of Chester in the UK conducted a simple experiment with a small group of 10 volunteers who usually spent most of the day sitting. They were asked to stand for at least three hours a day. The researchers took measurements on days when the volunteers stood, and when they sat around. When they looked at the data, there were some striking differences. Blood sugar became level after a meal much quicker on the days when the volunteers in the study stood compared with the days they spent in a chair. Standing alsoburned more calories (热量单位：卡路里)—about 50 calories an hour. Over the course of a year that would add up to about 30, 000 extra calories, or around 3.63 kilograms of fat.John Buckley, a member of the research team, said that although doing exercise offers many proven benefits, our bodies also need the constant, almost imperceptible (感觉不到的) increase in muscle activity that standing provides. Simple movement helps us to keep our all-important blood sugar under control.The researchers believe that even small adjustments, like standing while talking on the phone, going over to talk to a colleague rather than sending an e-mail, or simply taking the stairs instead of the elevator, will help.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)78. Accordi ng to the context, the underlined expression “be countered with” in Paragraph 3 can best be replaced by “________”.79. The two findings of the simple experiment conducted by the BBC and the University of Chester in the UK arethat standing _________.80. Why is standing better than doing exercise according to John Buckley?81. What does the passage mainly want to tell us?(10) 奉贤Do you melt at the creaminess of full-fat yogurt? Well, chances are you?ve been told to resist the temptation if you?re on a diet. The reason behind this seems pretty straightforward: The extra calories packed into the fat are bad for our waistlines.But what if dairy fat isn?t the dietary evil we believe it is? Infact, two recent studies have concluded that the consumption of whole-fat dairy is linked to reduced body fat.In one paper, published by Swedish researchers in Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, middle-aged men who consumed high-fat milk, butter and cream were significantly less likely to become too fat over a period of 12 years compared with men who never or rarely ate high-fat dairy.The second study, published in the European Journal of Nutrition, is an analysis of 16 other studies. There has been an assumption that high-fat dairy foods contribute to overweight, but the reviewers concluded that the evidence does not support this assumption. In fact, the reviewers found that in most of the studies, high-fat dairy was associated with a lower risk of overweight.It?s not clear what might explain this phen omenon. Some researchers point to the satiety (饱腹感) factor. The higher levels of fat in whole milk products may make us feel fuller, faster. And as a result, the thinking goes, we may end up eating less.Or the explanation could be more complex. “There ma y be bioactive substances in the milk fat that may be altering our metabolism (新陈代谢) in a way that helps us use the fat and burn it for energy, rather than storing it in our bodies,” says Greg Miller, executive vice president of America?s National Dairy Cou ncil.Whatever the mechanism, this association between higher dairy fat and lower body weight appears to hold up in children, too. And in addition to the body weight association, whole milk contains beneficial omega3 fatty acids.However, some people should still avoid consuming too much whole-milk dairy products. These products are relativelyhigh in saturated fat (饱和脂肪), and eating too much saturated fat can increase the risk of heart disease. So many experts agree that adults with high cholesterol (胆固醇) should continue to limit dairy fat.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)78. Why are dieters told to stay away from full-fat dairy products?_____________________________________________________________.79. Both studies came to the same conclusion that _____________.80. Besides the satiety factor, what might help explain the new findings?______________________________________________________________.81. Experts still agree that full-fat dairy products may not be good for those who _____________.(11)闵行By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it?s close to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven?t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually indicates a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignment, and schedules on websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally。
上海市长宁区、嘉定区2014届高三英语二模试卷（含答案及听力文字）
上海市长宁区、嘉定区2014届高三英语二模试卷（含答案及听力文字）2014年长宁区、嘉定区高三英语教学质量检测试卷第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a paint store. B. At a grocery store.C. At a drugstore.D. At a video game store.2. A. ￡40. B. ￡60. C. ￡120. D. ￡180.3. A. He left the door open. B. He broke the vase.C. He took the vase off the table.D. He turned out to be innocent.4. A. Judge and lawyer. B. Policeman and driver.C. Cleaner and walker.D. Teacher and student.5. A. She’s got a full time job at the university. B. She was surprised to get a full scholarship.C. Everything went just as had been expected.D. Brighton University is not her ideal school.6. A. The man has a serious sleep problem. B. Neither of them has finished the paper.C. They both had a hard time doing the paper.D. The woman thought the paper easy to do.7. A. Help the woman find the building. B. Follow the woman to the exhibit.C. Assist the woman to read the map.D. Show the woman where to get a new map.8. A. Mrs. Brown was unhappy this morning.B. Mrs. Brown is a patient teacher.C. Susan must be poor at her studies.D. Susan might have been scolded by Mrs. Brown.9. A. She is going to try a new highway to the cinema.B. She wants to go early to avoid a traffic jam.C. She has no idea how to get to the cinema.D. She wants to leave the cinema before the movie is over.10. A. She loves going to work on foot. B. The firm she works in is not far away.C. She has to save money for her journey.D. It takes her too much time to go to work.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It is an important occasion of American cultural activities.B. They can have drinks and snacks while watching the game.C. Some companies offer viewers expensive sample products.D. The result of the game may be beyond people’s expectation.12. A. Exciting professional performances. B. Fancy advertisements of products.C. Pleasant atmosphere on the spot.D. Warm company of their family.13. A. Expensive and impressive TV commercials.B. Various ways of entertaining audience during intervals.C. An introduction to a popular ball game in America.D. Different sports people love to play in America.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Introducing healthy genes into a virus. B. Removing faulty cells from patients.C. Providing emotional support to patients.D. Preventing patients from brain injuries.15. A. It still remains in an experimental stage at present.B. It has taken the place of surgery or medicine.C. It has only been tried on young patients so far.D. It helps patients to have a speedy and full recovery.16. A. Children are more likely to be infected by diseases.B. How to popularize gene therapy in different hospitals.C. A couple of successful examples of a new therapy.D. Genes rather than any other things are the master of our fortune.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)A boy plays away from home and fights with others. He’s defeated, gets hurt and suffers shame. If he is strong-willed, he would clench (咬紧) his teeth, making a firm fist from (25) ______ (weep) in front of others. But as soon as he returns home he would burst out crying at the first sight of his close relatives. He would be all tears pouring out his sufferings.The same is true for a strong-willed grown-up. No matter what harm he suffers he would do his best (26) ______ (conceal) his feelings, trying not to let others know how he feels. He would swallow his bitter tears and show a smiling face at others (27) ______ ______ he didn’t care a bit. But however strong-willed he is, most probably he would cry as soon as he meets his close relative who loves him and to (28) ______ he can pour out his heart unreservedly. Not only would he weep but he’d cry his eyes out (29) ______ grief.If somebody weeps in your face —the person never of thetype doing this in front of others, you’d better sit by and let him cry to (30) ______ heart’s content, for it shows you are regarded as his dearest or (31) ______ (reliable) one.It’s much better to have someone crying in your face than be met exclusively by (32) ______ smiling face. Anyone can smile at you, but very few will weep in your face, because the latter is much harder for one to do than the former.(B)Some of young soldiers who had recently joined the army were being trained in modern ways of fighting. One of the lessons they should take was (33) ______ an unarmed man could trick an armed enemy, take his weapon away and have him (34) ______ (arrest). First one of their two instructors took a knife away from the other, using only his bare hands, and then he took a gun away from him in the same way.After the lesson, and before they went on to train the young soldiers to do these things themselves, the two instructors asked them a number of questions to see how well they had understood what (35) ______ (show). One of the questions was this, “Well, you now know (36) ______ an unarmed man can do against a man with a gun. Imagine that you (37) ______ (guard) a bridge at eight one night, and that you have a gun. Suddenly you see an unarmed enemy soldier (38) ______ (come) towards you, and what will you do?”The young soldier who (39) ______ ______ answer this question thought carefully for a few seconds (40) ______ he answered, and then said, “Well after what I have just seen, I think that the first thing I would do would be to get rid of my gun as quickly as I could so that the unarmed enemy soldier couldn’t take it from me and kill me with it!”Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can onlyRain forests, found in Earth’s temperate and tropical(热带的) zones, are some of the most biologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain ___41___ features, including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___42___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest’s insect and animal life grows well in the cano py’s leafy and sunlit environment. The forest’s groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun’s light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils, ___43___ plant growth.Rain forests are a(n) ___44___ part of Earth’s total ecology. Huge amounts of water are absorbed into tree roots and ___45___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration(蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem.The rain forests are ___46___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are ___47___ in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly ___48___. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damageto the land and destroy the territory of ___49___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some ___50___, an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Archaeologists are scientists who search for clues that help form a clearer picture of the lives people led in the past. Archaeology is a modern science, but it has been ___51___ for centuries. More than 2,400 years ago, the Greek historian Herodotus described the Egyptian pyramids and other monuments. He may have been the first writer to consider that remains and ___52___ could provide information for ___53___ generations. For more than a thousand years, however, such ___54___ were observers rather than researchers.In the 1700s, scientists and adventurers from a variety of countries traveled ___55___ to explore ancient sites. Digs that are still ___56___ began in 1709 at Herculaneum, an Italian city buried in ash during the explosion of Mount Vesuvius in A. D. 79. The Danish scholar Carsten Niebuhr visited the ruins of Persepolis in the Middle East in 1765 to study cuneiform writing (楔形文字). ___57___, archaeology didn’t become a widely recognized science and schools didn’t recognize the subject as a scholarly pursuit until the 19th century. The term itself was ___58___ in 1837. It comes from a Latin word meaning “the study of antiquities(古物).”One of the first archaeologists to use a scientific approach to the discipline was Heinrich Schliemann of Germany, who in thelate 1800s ___59___ the ancient civilization of the city of Troy.Today, archaeologists uncover the past in many different ___60___, including deserts and jungles, at sites called digs. Ancient sources, folk tales, and landscape features can suggest where archaeologists should look. Surveys of the land help them choose sites ___61___ to provide artifacts, the objects that will unlock the story of a particular people —their daily lives, their beliefs, and their ties to other cultures. A site, however, does not have to be old to be interesting to an archaeologist. Some prefer to study more ___62___ settlements. One scientist, for instance, studies coal mining camps in California by examining the garbage that miners ___63___. Archaeologists may work for universities, museums or governments, and some of them are involved in educating the public about ___64___ ancient sites. Artifact hunters who are ___65___ history rob these places and sell what they find for a few dollars to immoral dealers in antiquities.51. A. adventuring B. changing C. digging D. evolving52. A. books B. history C. ruins D. science53. A. lost B. later C. older D. several54. A. inventors B. scholars C. visitors D. writers55. A. extensively B. nationwide C. regularly D. together56. A. in progress B. in good condition C. on display D. out of control57. A. Besides B. However C. Instead D. Meanwhile58. A. coined B. considered C. recognized D. used59. A. created B. developed C. established D. investigated60. A. countries B. fields C. locations D. ways61. A. certain B. likely C. ready D. necessary62. A. honorable B. peaceful C. rural D. recent63. A. gave away B. gave off C. left behind D. left out64. A. choosing B. examining C. studying D. protecting65. A. aware of B. fed up with C. ignorant of D. familiar withSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When my old dog developed major health problems, I knew that watching him fail would be painful, but I wasn’t prepared for the powerful lessons he’d offer in the last year of his life.Chance was 14 when the problems started. First, he developed a cancer that left him whistling for breath. Then came cataracts (白内障) in both eyes, arthritis (关节炎) in his legs, and a series of ministrokes (小中风) that threw off his balance. Any one of these misfortunes would have left me begging for relief, but Chance became calmer as the disabilities piled up.When leg pain left him frozen on the floor, unable to rise for a quick pat as I came home, he didn’t complain. He just lay there patiently, signaling me with his hammering tail, each movement spelling out the value of waiting for the things you want. When his cataracts made steering impossible after dark, he’d stand calmly until I could guide him inside, proving how easy it is to find happiness if you let go of your pride and insecurities and learn to lean on those who love you. When ministrokes had him walk unsteadily like a drunk, he taught the value of persistence. For days after each attack, he’d fall as he moved about. Yet again and again he’d try to walk, each day moving a few more steps until finally he was able to get outside and back by himself.There were lessons in so much of what he did, but the key one surely was the importance of obtaining all the joy possible from each experience whether it’s a day lazing under a warm sun or a few minutes appreciating a favorite meal.For most of our life together, Chance was always rushing ahead, searching out new adventures, then circling back to let me know what lay around the next bend. As an old dog, he did the same thing, using his attitude, instead of his once-fast legs, to show the way.66. Chance suffered very much from all the diseases he had except for ______.A. having problem with breathB. walking around awkwardlyC. having trouble drinkingD. losing his eyesight in darkness67. ______ is the most important lesson the author learned from Chance.A. Living in the present and enjoying what we haveB. Learning to depend on those who we love and trustC. That we should expect good things to happen patientlyD. That we should persevere in what we believe is worth trying68. It is implied in the passage that ______.A. people might suffer from different diseases when they grow oldB. people could face aging with courage and dignityC. pets would become calmer for lack of energy in their last daysD. pets and masters should stick together helping each other in difficulty69. Which of the following words best describes the author’s feelings to Chance?A. Bitter.B. Grateful.C. Proud.D. Sympathetic.* * * *70. To have a 1865 membership, guests need to ______.A. register at /doc/c83457229.htmlB. visit Langham three times in a yearC. have five stays in Langham yearlyD. stay in Langham properties once71. Which of the following is true according to the given information?A. Gateway members have 4pm late check-out priority any time they want.B. Members can get the benefits listed in the table at all Langham’s properties.C. The very first hotel of Langham collection was built in 1865 in Britain.D. Top 1% Voyagers with super residence record can apply for Destiny membership.72. Tony, on their honeymoon trip, wants to surprise his wife with a bunch of roses on arriving atthe hotel. Tony at least needs to have the membership of ______.A. EXPLORERB. GA TEW AYC. VOYAGERD. DESTINY73. What is the main purpose of the writing?A. To attract more potential guests.B. To share the history of Langham hotels.C. To introduce successful hotel management.D. To list Langham hotels’ exclusive benefits.(C)Charle s Dickens’ novel A Tale of Two Cities is set in the years before and during the French Revolution (1789 - 1799). During its course, French revolutionaries brought down the empire and established a republic of free and equal citizens.In reading the work, one sees that Dickens distorted some details of the French Revolution. At the beginning, Dickens notes that, in 1775, France was busy spending money. This mention of France’s spending touches briefly on what is perhaps the major cause of the French Revolution. Before the revolution, the government often borrowed money because it spent more than it raised in taxes. The increased spending and borrowing made many people’s blood boil, yet Dickens focused instead on the nobility’s oppression and exploitation of t he working class, including peasants, as the causes of the revolution.The Marquis, one of the book’s characters, ill-treats and kills many people. Thus, he represents the nobles who mistreat the lower classes. One reviewer criticized this picture as an unfair representation of French society in the mid-1700s. The reviewer pointed out that the government would have punished nobles who mistreated or murdered. Nobles may have been guilty of other evils, however, such as not feeding the starving masses after bad weather ruined crops in 1789.Dickens’ account of the storming of the Bastille fails to mention that the gang that stormed the prison was looking forbullets and bombs to use in defense against a possible attack by the kin g’s troops. Dickens does inclu de some accurate details, however, such as the crowd’s finding only seven prisoners and freeing them and the pack’s executing (处决) the prison administrator and sticking his head on a post. The scene that the women knit (编织) as they watch the executions may seem to be an odd detail, but actually many women did knit stockings for the war effort as they watched the killing machine at work.Dickens’ descriptions of the steady stream of sentenced people into prison and the carts taking them to their deaths give readers some idea of the frequency with which officials jailed and executed people during the Rule of T error, which lasted about a year. During the Terror, the government jailed about 250 thousand people, tried(审判) and killed about 17 thousand, and executed about 12thousand without a trial. Those executed included people who opposed the revolution, people who offended the revolutionaries, and even some revolutionaries. About 15 percent were members of the ministry or nobility.74. What does the word “distorted” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Discussed.B. Revealed.C. Provided.D. Twisted.75. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. A wild crowd rushed into the Bastille to fight with the royal soldiers.B. The nobles’ m istreating and killing people is the maincause of the revolution.C. About thirty thousand people lost their lives in the course of the Rule of Terror.D. Women were forced to work for the war supplies while watching people killed.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Dickens was once among the revolutionaries storming the Bastille.B. There was an extreme disorder and horror during the revolution.C. Nobles of those days in France were loaded with heavy social responsibilities.D. Classic literary works may serve as history textbooks to a great degree.77. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Collapse of the French EmpireB. Unknown Facts during the Rule of TerrorC. Dickens’ Description of the French Revolu tionD. A Critical View on A Tale of Two CitiesSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.For decades, a small percentage of homeowners have been installing solar panels(嵌板) on their rooftops. Those panels collect solar energy and change it into electricity. Until recently, the panels were too expensive for average homeowners, and their designs were anything but appealing. Thanks to new advances, however, solar panels for homes are becoming cheaperand less awkward, causing more homeowners to consider installing them.Last fall furniture seller IKEA began selling solar panels in its U.K. stores. Of course, home improvement stores such as Home Depot have been selling panels for a while. But the initiative by IKEA is seen as a way to bring the Do It Yourself solar option to the masses. While shopping for inexpensive furniture, shoppers could add a box or two of solar panels to their carts. IKEA is partnering with a company that handles installation and servicing of the panels, making the switch to solar easy for customers. If all goes well, IKEA plans to begin selling the panels in other countries soon.SolTech, a Swedish tech company, offers a solar-power solution that is much more pleasing to the eye than traditional solar panels. Instead of flat panels, SolTech offers a glass tile (瓦片) solutionthat goes well with existing tiled roof designs. The see-through tiles have a silver-gray color to them, and their shape fits traditional tiled roof designs. SolTech currently offers the solar systems that heat the home’s air or water and one solar PV system that produces electricity.New Energy Technologies, Inc. is developing a solar application that won’t be installed on rooftop s. Instead, the first-of-its-kind SolarWindow TM technology enables see-through windows to produce electricity in the way of showering their glass surfaces with the company’s patent-pending (专利申请中的) electricity-producing coatings. Amazingly, SolarWindow TM can produce electricity in low-light conditions and can even turn indoor light into electricity! This product holds great promise for commercial buildings since about 60 percent of acommercial building’s surface is covered with windows.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Solar panels on homeowners’ rooftops work by __________.79. What is IKEA doing to popularize their DIY solar option?80. SolTech’s solar panels are prettier because the see-through glass tiles are __________.81. How is SolarWindow TM technology used to produce electricity?第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 看，十年前种的那棵树现在长得多高了呀！(how)2. 你看上去很疲惫，为什么不回家好好睡一觉呢？(tired)3. 普遍认为在公共场合大声说话是粗鲁的，应该避免。
上海市长宁区2014届高三上学期期末考试[2014上海长宁一模]及答案
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2013学年长宁区第一学期高三英语质量检测试卷第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a bookstore. B. In a grocery.C. In a stationery shop.D. In a shopping mall.2. A. Diner and waitress. B. Librarian and reader.C. Ticket seller and customer.D. Teacher and student.3. A. She is not hungry. B. She wants to dine out.C. She doesn’t like cooking.D. She feels awful today.4. A. The postcard has been lost. B. The man will go to the post office.C. The local post office is closed.D. The woman is expecting a postcard.5. A. To a bank. B. To Macao.C. To a travel agency.D. To a gymnasium.6. A. There will be too many people at the party.B. He feels sorry that the woman is not coming.C. It makes people happier to have more parties.D. The woman can bring her brother to the party.7. A. The man is extremely fond of traveling.B. The woman has taken many pictures at the contest.C. The man admires the woman’s talent in writing.D. The woman is an experienced photographer.8. A. The new dress is for warm weather. B. The new dress makes her look cool.C. She doesn’t like cold wea ther at all.D. She bought the dress when it was warm.9. A. A nice hair-style. B. An old photo.C. A wonderful wedding.D. An unforgettable friend.10. A. She could hardly find the truth. B. She doesn’t agree with the man.C. She is good at finding a place to stay.D. She had no travel experience in Russia.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. International Nurses’ Day. B. World No Tobacco Day.C. International Workers’ Day.D. National Chocolate Chip Day.12. A. May’s brilliant green jewel stands for constant love.B. Workers started to fight for 8 hours labor back in the 1800s.C. Chocolate chip cookies are usually made for the people you love.D. May’s flower, the Lily of the Valley represents happiness and pure love.13. A. The Merry Month of May. B. Month Flower and Jewel of May.C. Food Celebrations in May.D. No Cigarettes in May.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. He invented the way of blood transfusion (输血).B. He solved the problem of dangerous blood transfusion.C. He found a couple of new blood types of human beings.D. He discovered the relation between blood types and personalities.15. A. Loyal but anxious. B. Logical but changeable.C. Creative but selfish.D. Ambitious but inflexible.16. A. Modest. B. Neutral. C. Disapproval. D. Supportive. Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)One day I heard two girls talking about making net friends in a café. One said that she (25) ______ (meet) one of her net friends and the other told her not to because most people found their net friends (26) ______ (disappoint) in real life.We all know it is quite common now that many teenagers, especially (27) ______ from one-child families, like to make net friends and spend lots of time chatting with them because they need someone to talk with and share their sorrow and happiness. However, is it wise for them to do so?In my opinion, it is possible for you to find some real good friends with the help of new technology but you (28) ______ ______ take care. When you talk with someone unknown on the Internet, you have no idea at all what kind of person he is and (29) ______ he is telling you the truth. Besides we can’t deny that some bad guys mask themselves very well so that they can get many nice people (30) ______ (trap). So, you’re taking the risk of meeting your net friends (31) ______ you get any idea about him. In a word, you can never be too careful when meeting your net friends.(B)Perhaps one aspect of modern life which is most often considered ‘annoying’is noise. According to some estimates, the amount of urban noise (32) ______ (double) in the past ten years, and with the increase in road and air traffic, noise is likely to increase too.Noise quite clearly affects the health of modern man. It is a health threat. Loud noise (33) ______ (say) to be a leading cause of deafness among many people over 65. It is also a major (34) ______ (contribute) factor in causing stress, (35) ______ itself causes a variety of illnesses.Noise is sometimes associated with lack of communication in the modern world. In many busy shops, factories and nightclubs, (36) ______ level and constancy of noise make conversation at a natural level difficult or impossible.Certain people in society, such as motorcyclists, seem to believe they have a right (37)______ (make) as much noise as they like without being fined. Do they?We are so trained to noise in this modern world (38) ______ people growing up with little (39) ______ no experience of genuine peace and quiet have begun to associate silence with boredom. Isn’t it time for us to start teaching young people that silence is golden and that you can do a lot of interesting things (40) ______ the accompaniment of noise?Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Beyond two or three days, the world’s best weather forecasts are based on guesswork, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather — and to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and snowstorms —any ___41___ fails rapidly. Errors and uncertainties ___42___, gathering upward through a chain of unstable features, from dust devils (尘旋风) and windstorms up to continent-size eddies (旋风) ___43___ satellites can see.The modern weather models work with a network of points of the order of sixty miles apart, and even so, some ___44___ data has to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors spaced one foot apart, rising at one-foot ___45___ all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly ___46___ readings of temperature, pressure, dampness, and any other quantity a meteorologist (气象工作者) would want. Exactly at noon a(n) ___47___ powerful computer takes all the data and ___48___ what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03 …The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will have sun or rain on a day one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will ___49___ alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the ___50___. By 12.01, those alterations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have multiplied to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ecotourism is a combination of ecology (the study of systems of living things) and tourism. It is ___51___ “responsible travel to natural areas that preserves the environment and improves the welfare of the local people”by the International Ecotourism Society. Actually, ecotourism can mean travel to far-off places of great natural beauty, but not always in a(n) ___52___ way. It’s a big business, and the attraction of money can cause people to think about ___53___ first. While ecotourism offers benefits to people and ecosystems, it leaves ecosystems open to negative effects,too.Costa Rica, once a Spanish colony, and independent since 1821, has an ecotourism industry worth over one billion dollars yearly, and thousands of jobs have been ___54___. Nearly 21 percent of the land is now protected national parks, ___55___ thanks to ecotourism. Nevertheless, due to the number of people visiting the country’s natural places, some damage to the ecosystem has occurred.While ___56___ can have a negative impact on ecosystems, the same areas might have been ___57___ by industries such as farming, logging, or mining if there were no ecotourism industry. Shelters (庇护所) have been created ___58___, keeping the ecosystem protected. And, by visiting beautiful rainforests and seeing rare animals, visitors get a sense of their ___59___, and of gratitude for them. Tour guides can also be educators who train people to love and care for the environment. Visitors can take these ___60___ with them to their home countries.Unfortunately, while their effect may not be ___61___ in the off-season, the constant parade of visitors in the high season can be damaging. At one national park in Costa Rica, wild monkeys now feed on garbage left by the tourists. ___62___, ecotourists tend to seek out places with the rarest animals and plants, ___63___ the most delicate living things.It is easy to be critical of the ecotourism industry, but it is important to be ___64___ as well. Ecotourism can never be “pure”. We can’t expect zero negative effects on the ecosystem. It is also ___65___ to suppose that humans won’t go anywhere accessible to them. If protection efforts are maintained and increased, those remaining places of undisturbed nature may be stressed, but they won’t be destroyed.51. A. defined as B. made up of C. applied to D. combined with52. A. attractive B. natural C. different D. responsible53. A. effects B. nature C. profits D. economy54. A. lost B. created C. abandoned D. shifted55. A. mainly B. comparatively C. unfortunately D. barely56. A. tourists B. environment C. manufacturers D. politics57. A. fertilized B. destroyed C. reserved D. stimulated58. A. equally B. regularly C. instead D. though59. A. freedom B. hardness C. welfare D. value60. A. ecosystems B. lessons C. animals D. trainers61. A. uncertain B. noticeable C. healthy D. special62. A. For instance B. On the contrary C. In addition D. As a whole63. A. appreciating B. discovering C. sheltering D. pressuring64. A. positive B. creative C. effective D. sensitive65. A. feasible B. reasonable C. unrealistic D. inevitableSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When I was young, it wasn’t the parental love that filled my thoughts in the spring. It was baseball.I loved everything about the game — the crack of a bat, the excitement of chasing a ground ball across short green grass, even watching the games on our old black-and-white TV. Yet looking back now, nothing was quite as important to me as the annual ritual (老规矩) of playing catch with my dad.Dad was never much of a baseball fan, but as green leaves began to shoot on bare branches and warmth returned to the air, he would grab his old mitt (棒球手套) and head out to the yard with me just the same. There was something beneficial about playing catch with him, the hum of the ball as it sailed through the air, and the friendly pop as it hit the leather netting. We may have been 50 feet apart, but the flight of that ball connected us, forming as strong a relationship as any father-son talk ever could have.I was never the star of my Little League team, yet Dad never cared about that. Every year, he would be out there, waiting to field any false throw I sent his way.As I grew older, I realized that our game was a reflection of our relationship — that even if a problem didn’t involve a glove and a ball, Dad would always be there to handle anything I threw in his direction. His devotion to our springtime ritual showed his devotion to me — not only to my love of baseballl but also to my life.I’ve often heard it said that “the devil is in the details.” Now I realize that in my relationship with my father, love was in the details.66. When the author was young, he didn’t care much about ______.A. the sound of hitting a ballB. the company of his fatherC. the joy of running after a ballD. the games broadcast on TV67. The author’s father practiced catching baseball with him on warm spring days, ______.A. having a father-son conversation with himB. killing time while doing some physical exerciseC. making him an excellent baseball playerD. giving him a guiding hand in his life68. We can learn from the passage that ______.A. a yearly celebration was held to start their spring baseball catching ritualB. the author and his father used to have a loose relationship with each otherC. the author fully realized his father’s love for him when he was youngD. the author’s father always stood by him whenever he was in trouble69. What is the passage mainly about?A. The same hobby shared between the author and his father.B. The way the author and his father used to spend spring days.C. The author’s sweet memory of his father’s love for him.D. The analysis made by the author about father-son relationship.70. Where does the passage most probably come from?A. An Apple Store leaflet.B. Apple Website.C. A textbook of app designing.D. A science magazine.71. Which of the following best summarizes the feature of Powerful apps for iPad mini?A. An amazingly clear display.B. Beautifully designed and combined.C. Well performing your daily routine.D. A super killer and greater battery saver.72. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. An A7 chip installed, iPad mini with Retina display is more battery consuming.B. Having an iPad mini with Retina display, you can do more in more places.C. iOS7 with many new features is only designed for iPad mini with Retina display.D. Order an iPad mini with Retina display online then collect it at your favorite retail store.73. Who would be the potential readers of the passage?A. Apple product fans.B. App software developers.C. Apple product sellers.D. Information technology engineers.(C)The term culture now is more used to describe everything from the fine arts to the outlook of a business group or a sports team. In its original sense, however, culture includes all identifying aspects of a racial group, nation, or empire: its physical environment, history, and traditions, its social rules and economic structure, and its religious beliefs and arts.The central beliefs and customs of a group are handed down from one generation to another. It is for this reason that most people regard culture as learned rather than innate. People acquire a culture because they are not born with one. The process by which a person develops a taste for regional foods, accented speech, or an outlook on the world over time, therefore, is known as enculturation (文化适应).Cultures are often identified by their symbols —images that are familiar and coated with meaning. Totem poles (图腾柱) carved with animals and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native American peoples of the Pacific Northwest but more literally represent specific tribes (部落). In Asia and India, the color of yellow is connected with temples while in ancient China it was a color only the emperor’s family was allowed to wear. Thus, different cultures may respond to a symbol quite differently. For example, to some a flag may represent pride, historical accomplishments, or ideals; to others, however, it can mean danger or oppression.To individuals unfamiliar with cultures outside their own, the beliefs, behaviors, and artistic expression of other groups can seem strange and even threatening. A society that ranks all other cultures against its own standards is considered to be ethnocentric(from the Greek ethnos, meaning “people,” and kentros, meaning “center”). A strongly ethnocentric society assumes also that what is different from its own culture is likely to be inferior and, possibly, wrong or evil.All people are ethnocentric to some degree, and some aspects of ethnocentrism, such as national pride, contribute to a well-functioning society. An appreciation for one’s own culture, however, does not prevent acceptance and respect for another culture. History documents the long-term vigour and success of multicultural groups in which people from numerous and various cultural backgrounds live and work together. Extreme ethnocentrism, in contrast, can lead to racism — the belief that it is race and racial origin that account for variations in human characteror ability and that one’s own race is superior to all others.74. What does the word “innate” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Instinctive.B. Developed.C. Believable.D. Cultivated.75. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Different interpretations of a symbol help to distinguish one culture from another.B. An ethnocentric country opens welcoming arms to cultures different from its own.C. Culture consists of some positive features of a racial group, nation or empire.D. People from various cultural backgrounds often reach an agreement on some image.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. All aspects of ethnocentrism can produce negative effects on a society.B. Racism is unlikely to bring about serious conflicts among different cultures.C. Respect and acceptance of different cultures are a proper cultural attitude.D. Countries with a strong sense of national pride play a superior role in the world.77. Which might be the best title of the passage?A. Culture, the origin of racial superiorityB. Culture, a faithful mirror of historyC. Culture, the vigour of world developmentD. Culture, a distinctive identity of a nationSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Some of the most popular programmes on British television, all with their regular millions of loyal viewers, are ‘soaps’ such as Coronation Street, Eastenders and Emmerdale. (A ‘soap’ is an informal word for a ‘soap opera’, which is a television story, in daily or weekly episodes (连续剧集), about the daily lives of the characters in it.)In every soap there is comedy and tragedy, and storylines of all kinds. In every soap there is the inevitable gossip, and there is the essential character who brings misfortune on himself — or herself, the spiteful woman who hates the success of her sister in marrying a man with money and whose childish behavior splits the family.To some degree, of course, the regular episodes provide many people with an adult kind of comic, rather like Dickens’ serialized novels did. At times, the actions and characters in them seem quite realistic; at other times, they go to the other extreme and show actions that look as if they are straight from the pen of the best fiction writers. But perhaps the fall into clearly fictional comedy or tragedy is necessary to remind regular viewers that their daily amount of ‘soap’ is no more and no less than a shot of fiction, and that the characters are not real.Certainly life is never dull in a soap. If one of the adolescents buys a motorbike and a young child lives round the corner, you can bet the two will meet in an accident. If two people fall in love and get married, you can be sure that a friend will cast an insult on the character of one of them, enough to break up the marriage. After all, this is not life; this is a soap! Reality makes way forfiction. The viewers who think that they are watching even a reflection of reality only bring disappointment to themselves. But there are still viewers who follow the comings and goings of the characters on screen with unreasoning faith, believing that the events are real when characters are injured or ill, or even die, and send cards or flowers with best wishes, congratulations or sympathies.What many of us find difficult to understand is just why soaps have become so popular?(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Coronation Street, Eastenders and Emmerdale are popular British soaps which ______.79. What are the two necessary elements of a soap opera?80. The regular viewers need to be reminded that the soap operas are ______.81. What do some TV viewers do when they are mad about the soaps?第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 每年圣诞期间百货店里的商品都减价出售。
嘉定区2014高三英语质量调研卷
嘉定区2014高三英语质量调研卷II．Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.AEvery summer, Penny travels to a family reunion barbeque. Penny is never excited, and this year is no different. She is afraid of the drive.She does not like talking to her relatives. And she does not like the smell of hamburgers. (Penny is a vegetarian.)(25) ______ Penny arrives, she sees lots of familiar faces. It is July and Uncle Vernon (26) ______ (wear) a sweater. Uncle Vernon is always cold. It’s very mysterious.She sees her cousin Polly. Polly has six children. The youngest one screams. Then the oldest one screams. Polly’s children are always screaming.She sees many of her other cousins in the field (27) ______ (play) softball. They play a softball game every year, (28) ______ always ends up in a big argument. Penny wonders, again, why they never solve it.Then Penny sees an incredibly handsome man. She stares at him. He catches her staring. He smiles and walks (29) ______ to her. Penny is very nervous. She is nervous because a handsome man is walking to her and she is nervous because this handsome man might be her cousin.The man sticks out his hand, (30)_____ (say), “Hi, I’m Paul.”“Hi, I’m Penny,” Penny says. “Are we related?”Paul laughs. “No, we are not related. I am Vernon’s nurse. He is sick and needs (31) _____ (keep) me close by. But he did not want to miss this barbeque!”“Oh, thank goodness,” Penny says and then blushes. Penny always blushes when she is nervous, embarrassed, or hot, and right now she is all three.Handsome Paul laughs and says, “Would you like to go get a hamburger with me? (32) ______ smell delicious.”Penny smiles, “Sure. I love hamburgers!”BBeware first-class travelers! Passengers sitting in the rear of a plane have the best chance of survival in an event of a crash, an extraordinary and costly aviation（航空，飞行）experiment ever (33) ______ (conduct) has revealed.In a unique aviation experiment recently, the 170-seat-Boeing 727 was made（34）_____ _____ (crash) in a controlled manner in a remote part of Mexico’s Sonoran Desert. After pilot James Slocum jumped out of the plane at 2,500ft, the jet（35）______ (guide) into the ground by a pilot in a following Cessna via a remote-control device, the reporters reported. On board of the jet were three advanced crash-test dummies（假人）designed to move (36)_____ humans.They were arranged in three positions: one in the classic brace and wearing a seat-belt; one belted but not in the brace position; and one（37）______ belted nor in the brace. After the jet hitthe ground nose-first, experts found that the dummy in the brace position would have survived the impact, (38) ______ one not in the brace would have suffered serious head injuries, and the dummy not wearing a seat-belt would have “died”.Using this, experts predicted that 78 percent of passengers on board would have survived the impact,（39）______ all the first-class travelers would have died because the front of the fuselage （机身）broke apart when the plane comes down nose first. Those sitting at the back would have had the（40）______ (good) chance of survival.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box．Each word can onlyThirteen years after the launch of Taobao, China has r isen to become the world’s second busiest online marketplace, behind only the United States. This is the kind of statistic that 41 love, but it doesn’t really tell us anything about why so many people like to buy so many things online.Is it because its easy? Is it because of the 42 selection? Is it because we want to feel 43 to others without leaving the house?Taobao was in fact a 44 to ebay’s entrance into the Chinese market in 2003. Jack Ma (马云) knew that he knew China better than the Americans did, and that Taobao could beat ebay at its own game here. He was right, and Jack Ma has helped to 45 the nature of online commerce in China—what it looks like, how it works, and, most 46 , who its users are.Taobao’s aesthe tic (美学) is distinctive, and has influenced and inspired competitors in China and around the world. The way it works is also different from other 47 online retailers (零售店) . But the real genius of Taobao lies in its 48 of its users. What it looks like and how it works, after all, were 49 with the users in mind: a young, increasingly “connected” and increasingly wealthy Chinese generation.When they designed Taobao, Jack Ma and his team realized that many young people in China strongly 50 social interaction with their peers, so they made such interaction—everything from messaging to live chats to recommendations and reviews—a core part of the Taobao shopping experience.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.When we think of green buildings, we tend to think of new ones----the kind of modern, solar-paneled masterpieces that make the covers of architecture magazines．But the US has more than 100 million existing homes, and it would be incredibly 51 to tear them all down and 52 them with greener versions．An enormous amount of energy and resources went into the construction of those houses．And it would take an average of 65 years for the 53 carbon emissions (排放) froma(an) __54 _ energy-efficient (节能) home to make up for the 55 lost by destroying an old one．So in the broadest sense, the greenest home is the one that has already been built．But at the same time, 56 half of US carbon emissions come from heating, cooling and powering our 57 , offices and other buildings．"You can't deal with climate 58 without dealing with existing buildings," says Richard Moe, the president of the National Trust．With some exceptions, the oldest homes tend to be the 59 energy-efficient．Houses built before 1939 use about 50% more energy per square foot than those built after 2000, mainly due to the tiny cracks and gaps that 60 over time and let in more outside 61 .62 , there are a vast number of relatively simple changes that can green older homes, from63 ones like Lincoln's Cottage to your own postwar home．And efficiency upgrades (升级) can save more than just the earth; they can help 64 property owners from rising power 65 .51. A. terrible B．wasteful C．wonderful D．useful52. A．put B．build C．replace D．take53. A．reduced B．increased C．used D．destroyed54. A．old B．fashionable C．new D．beautiful55. A．magazines B．trees C．materials D．resources56. A．nearly B．hardly C．rarely D．mostly57. A．libraries B．schools C．homes D．stores58. A．improvement B．appearance C．stability D．change59. A．most B．really C．very D．least60. A．expand B．narrow C．strengthen D．weaken61. A．dust B．air C．smoke D．water62. A．Oppositely B．Unfortunately C．Fortunately D．Frankly63. A．historic B．worthless C．ordinary D．meaningless64. A．charge B．protect C．punish D．warn65. A．prices B．costs C．businesses D．bargainsSection BDirections: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read．AAmong all the fast growing science and technology, the research of human genes, or biological engineering as people call it, is drawing more and more attention now. Sometimes it is a hot topic discussed by people.The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with, such as cancer and heart disease. Every year, millions of people are murdered by these two killers. And to date, doctors have not found an effective way to cure them. But if the gene technology is applied, not only these two diseases can be cured completely, bringing happiness and more living days to the patients, but also the great amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved, therefore it benefits the economy as well. In addition, human life span(寿命) can be prolonged.Gene technology can help people to give birth to healthy and clever children. Some families, with the English imperial family being a good example, have hereditary(遗传的) diseases. This means their children will for sure have the family disease, which is a great trouble for thesefamilies. In the past, doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases. But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly. The scientist just need to find the wrong gene and correct it, and a healthy child will be born.Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to manufacture human beings in large quantities. In the past few years, scientists have succeeded in cloning a sheep, therefore these people predict that human babies would soon be cloned. But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities, for most couples in the world can have babies in very normal way. Of course, the government must take care to control gene technology.66. What does “these two killers” in the second paragraph refer to?A. Gene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.B. The two murderers who killed the cloned baby.C. The two diseases of cancer and heart disease.D. Hereditary diseases and cancer.67. What’s the main idea of the third paragraph?A. How gene technology can be applied in the field of treating hereditary diseases.B. Gene technology can be used to clone human babies.C. Gene technology can help people to give birth to a baby.D. Gene technology can help the English imperial family out.68. In what way gene technology can help to treat hereditary diseases?A. Using gene technology, people with hereditary diseases can have more living days.B. Using gene technology, the scientist finds the wrong gene and corrects it.C. Using gene technology, human babies can be cloned.D. Doctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of gene technology.69. What is the main purpose of writing this passage?A. Expressing the writer’s idea that gene technology will benefit people.B. Telling people the disadvantages of gene technology.C. Telling the readers that gene technology will not benefit people.D. Explaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity.BHomestay provides English language students with the opportunity to speak English outside the classroom and the experience of being part of a British home.What to ExpectThe host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.Accommodation ZonesHomestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town centre as much of central London is commercial and not residential. Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by underground.Meal Plans Available♢ Continental Breakfast♢ Breakfast and Dinner♢ Breakfast, Packed Lunch and DinnerIt’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal(谷物类食品), bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by desert, fruit and coffee.FriendsIf you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host’s permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion of their privacy.Self-Catering Accommodation in Private HomesAccommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities and often a main living room. This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practice English at home quite as much.70. The passage is probably written for ______.A. hosts willing to receive foreign studentsB. foreigners hoping to know British cultureC. travelers planning to visit families in LondonD. English learners applying to live in English homes71. Which of the following will the host provide?A. Room cleaning.B. Medical care.C. Free transport.D. Physical training.72. According to the passage, what does Continental Breakfast include?A. Dessert and coffee.B. Fruit and vegetables.C. Bread and fruit juice.D. Cereal and cold meat.73. Why do some people choose self-catering accommodation?A. To experience a warmer family atmosphere.B. To enrich their knowledge of English.C. To entertain friends as they like.D. To enjoy much more freedom.CAre you an optimist? Do you look at your glass and see it ashalf full? Do you believe that every cloud has a silver lining andthat things generally turn out for the best? Do you believe that ifsomething is meant to be, it will be? If you reply “yes” to all ofthese questions, then you are an optimist. You probably areenthusiastic, cheerful and outgoing. You maybe successful at work and in love.But you may be misguided because things don’t turn out for the best. You may believe that when one door closes another one opens (for example, you may fail to obtain a new job; another chance will come around soon). Wrong. When one door closes, another door slams (砰然关上) in your face. That’s bitter reality.Now a book has been published which confirms what pessimists (悲观者) have suspected all along. It’s called The Positive Power of Defensive Pessimism. Its author argues that defensive pessimism can lead to positive results. Defensive pessimism is a strategy used to manage fear, anxiety and worry. Defensive pessimists prepare for the things by setting low outcomes for themselves. They carefully consider everything that may go wrong and plan for ways to handlethese problems. And this gives them a sense of control. Lawrence Sanno, a psychology professor, says, “What’s interesting about defensive pessimists is that they tend to be very su ccessful people, so their low opinion of the situation’s outcomes is not realistic. They use it to motivate themselves to perform better.”So far, so good. This is not rocket science. Defensive pessimists prepare carefully and consider what might go wrong, whether at work, on date or even in a sports game. It makes sense to have a back-up plan. There are many sayings in English urging caution. For example, “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” And “Don’t count your chickens until they hatch.” To have a c onfident and optimistic approach to life’s problems is good. But listen to what Woody Alien, the American comedian says, “Confidence is what you have before you understand the problem.”There are pros and cons（利与弊）to being an optimist and a pessimist. Don’t feel bad if you see the glass half empty. You are a realist. But lighten up and hook up with someone who sees the same glass half full.74. What’s the passage mainly about?A. The benefits of defensive pessimism.B. A book that has recently been published.C. The dangers of being too optimistic.D. How to become successful in life.75. The underlined sentence “This is not rocket science” (Para. 4) means __________.A. there is no real proofB. it is quite simple to understandC. the cost is not so highD. it’s not a dangerous thing to do76. Which of the following English expressions would a defensive pessimist believe?A. Whatever will be, will be.B. The glass is half full not half empty.C. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.D. Every cloud has a silver lining.77. We can infer from the passage that the writer is probably __________.A. a realistB. an optimistC. a defeatistD. a scientist Section CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Stress for a teenager is as real a problem as stress for an adult. Therefore, it’s important to understand the causes of stress in teenagers.When parents change their jobs or if the family decides to move to a different place, the child has to change schools, find new friends, adapt to the new social circle and fit into new groups. It is always difficult for children to adapt to such changes, which can be a serious cause of stress in their life.Academic difficulties, such as inability to understand a certain subject can cause stress. Not every child has the ability to understand every subject. Some kids need extra help besides school work to grasp a few concepts. Poor academic performance is often laughed at and is looked down upon by both teachers and peers. In such cases, it can make the child feel isolated, neglected and hurt. All of this, put together, can add to stress, which many times worsens grades.Extra curricular activities (课外活动) such as playing a sport, or attending art classes can weigh heavily on your child’s mind. Balancing school and extra curricular activities does seem like a burden when you have to be outstanding at both. When the pressures from both the ends getunmanageable, teenagers tend to get tired and annoyed. Tiredness sets in, leading to stress related issues such as lack of concentration in school.These are the common causes of stress in teenagers, which can be noticed through signs such as poor memory, anxiety, negative and pessimistic attitude. If the signs of teenage stress go unrecognized for a long time, it can make the child emotionally out of balance. And next step, if this happens, it is necessary for parents to know how to deal with stress.78. What does the passage mainly talk about?______________________________________________________.79. Poor academic performance causes stress for children because it tends ________________________________________________.80. How can parents know that their teenagers are under stress?They can know that if their children __________________________________________ 81. The common causes of stress in teenagers introduced by the author are:_________________________________________ and extra curricular activities.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN THIRTEEN WORDS)第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the word or phrase given in the brackets.1、是采取严厉措施治理环境污染的时候了。
英语_2014年上海市宝山区、嘉定区中考英语二模试卷（含答案）
英语_2014年上海市宝山区、嘉定区中考英语二模试卷（含答案）2014年上海市宝山区、嘉定区中考英语二模试卷一、单选题1. When I was young，I always read books at night．Which of the following is correct for the underlined word in th e sentence？（）A /ri：d/B /red/C /reid/D /rid/2. Which of the following underlined parts is different in pronunciation from others？（）A He acts as a killer in the filmB When did you arrive at the airport？C Can you hel p me fix the chair？D What did you think of the final exam？3. ______man with black glasses is my host father in Britain．（）A AnB AC TheD /4. In our English class，the English teacher asked us to stand up and introduce ______.A weB usC ourD ourselves5. Helen was too angry to say _________．（）A nothingB somethingC anythingD everything6. We'll have a ______ holiday. Let's go to the beach, shall we?A three-dayB three daysC three-daysD three-days'7. An e-mail address consists _______letters and dots and the symbol‘@'．（）A inB ofC forD with8. We felt very ______after we watched the ______ football matches in FIFA．（）A exciting…excitedB exciting…excitingC excited…excitingD excited…excited9. It's ______to send an e-mail than a regular mail．（）A more quicklyB much quicklyC much quickerD quick10. A lot of people will help you，so you _____________worry about the money．（）A can'tB needn'tC mustn'tD couldn't11. A：Why do Chinese people like red？B：Because they think it can _____them good luck．（）A carryB bringC takeD fetch12. I'm glad you've come back from the United States．Please tell me how long you ____there ．（）A have stayedB had stayedC have been stayingD stayed13. Some questions _______at their class meeting last week．（）A raisedB roseC were risenD were raised14. My cousin was born in China，but ____in Australia．（）A picked upB gave upC grew upD took up15. What are you going to do when you finish ______the room？（）A to cleanB cleaningC cleanD cleaned16. We'll make laws______ our environment．（）A protectedB protectingC to protectD protect17. He didn't tell us_________．（）A if he will give us a lectureB whether he would go with youC when he was startedD when he will arrive18. ________important computers are to everybody in a modern city！（）A WhatB HowC What anD How an19. The weather there isn't nice，____________？（）A is thereB is itC isn't thereD isn't it20. A：Woud you mind waiting outside for a moment？B：__________．（）A Never mindB So doC Certainly notD You are welcome二、阅读理解21. Pubs are an important part of British life．Pubs, formally public houses, are common i n towns and villages in England．People usually talk, eat, drink, meet their friends and relax there．You can order soft drinks like orange juice, cola or coffee, but many people go to pubs to have an alcoholic drink．Many types of alcoholic drinks are available, but the most popul ar drink is beer．Traditional English beer comes in a variety of local flavors and is called‘draught'beer．All draught beer is served from a hand pump on the bar rather than in bottles or cans．Unlike A merican or other European beers, it is served cool but not cold．Nowadays, a lot of English p eople enjoy a European beers called lager（淡味啤酒）．This is lighter, more refreshing（清新的）and is served cold．Beer is sold in pint or half-pint glasses （a pint is just over half a litre）．When you order a drink, ask for a‘pint'or a‘half 'of the beer you want to try．There is no waiter service in an English pub．You go to the bar and place your order to the pub staff．They will pour your drinks and pass them to you．They will then tell you how m uch to pay．You have to pay your drinks there and then．After receiving your change, you ca n carry your drinks back to a table to enjoy．It is usual for friends to take turns buying drink s for each other．This is known as'buying a round'．Pubs sell cheap food too．The choice of food ranges（涉及）from small bar snacks such as crisps and peanuts, to three-course meals．A popular meal during the summer months is a‘ploughman's lunch'．This is a dish of bread, cheese or ham,and salad which is served cold．You will often find a pub's m enu written on a blackboard．There may even be daily specials for you to try．You must be at least 18years old to buy alcohol（含酒精的饮料）in England．Children under 14years old are not usually allowed inside a pub, but families wi th children can sit outside in the garden, known as the beer garden, when the weather is war m．Parents are allowed to buy soft drinks for their children．Pubs are places where people go to enjoy themselves．People like to drink, eat, talk with fr iends and have a good time．If you go to an English pub, you will get a true taste of English li fe．（1）Traditional English beer is________．A served slightly cold．B served in pint glasses only．C Served by waiters．D called lager．（2）The bar staff________．A are called waiters．B expect you to tip them．C pour your drinks before you pay ．D pour your drinks after you pay．（3）If you‘buy a round'，you________A pay for your drinks at the end of a meal．B taste a variety of beers．C share the cost of drinking with friends．D pay for your own drinks．（4）Pub food________A is cheese or ham．B doesn't cost much money．C is called a‘bar snack'．D i s special English meal．（5）Children________A are allowed in pubs．B can not drink alcohol．C must not eat pub food．D must buy rounds of drinks．（6）English pubs________A serve only alcoholic drinks．B are for families only．C serve both food and drink ．D are no longer common in England．22. Uniforms，used for identifying people，are seen almost everywhere in the world．They are a part of everyday life．Let's look at so me of the reasons why people wear uniforms and the types of people that wear uniforms．Many children have to wear a uniform at school．Boys and girls must wear the same coloure d clothes and a school tie．There is often a school badge on the jacket or shirt．There are m any reasons for having a school uniforms．Firstly，the uniforms shows that the children attend the same school．It is important for children to feel they belong to a school and that they identify with their school．Secondly，the uniform makes it easy for other people to tell which school the children go to．They kno w they must be on their best behaviour because people know which school they go to and th e children are proud of their school．Thirdly，school uniforms are comfortable，smart clothing．Finally，it is cheaper for parents to buy one set of clothes for their child．Most parents cannot afford to buy lots of expensive，fashionable clothes for their children．27．Are children the only people who wear uniform？________28．Why are children on their best behavior when they wear their school uniforms？________ 29．why do police officers wear uniforms？________30．can you describe a teenager's"uniforms"？________31．what do teenagers'clothes tell you about them？________ 32．what do you want to tell people through the clothes you wear．________．三、完形填空23."Uncle Sam，"is usually used to refer to the United States or the US government．It is the nickname of the country．It is hard to believe that this nickname became known quite by accident and there was a man（1）________"Uncle Sam．"However，not many people have ever heard of such a man．Not even most young Americans．The man was called Uncle Sam Wilson．He was born in Arlington，Massachusetts，September 13，1776．At the age of 14Sam joined the American Revolutionary War（美国革命），and（2）________in the army under George Washington until the end of the war．He then moved to Tro y，New York states，and began a meatpacking business．He earned a reputation（赢得了声誉）for being honest and hardworking．He was locally respected and admired，thus greeted as Uncle Sam．One day in 1812，a group of visitors came to Sam's meatpacking plant（肉类加工厂）．Among them was Government official．He（3）________ the capitalized letters（大写字母）EAUS on the packages of meat and asked what they stood for．A worker man replied th at EA stood for Elbert Anderson，the businessman for whom Sam was working．And he added（4）________ that US （actually it was the short form for United States） stood for Uncle Sam Wilson．Soon soldi ers were saying all army supplies were from"Uncle Sam"．In May 1813，this story appeared in a newspaper published in New York．Since Uncle Sam was an exampl e of a hard-working man and a lover of America，the idea of"Uncle Sam"as the name of this kind of man became well-known rapidly．Uncle Sam was ready to help（5）________ and place the interest of the nation（国家利益）above all---this is in line with （与…符合）the American spirit．This makes the American consider Uncle Sam（6）________ the symbol of the USA．In 1961the US Congress made a decision that"Uncle Sam"is t he America's national symbol．四、完成句子24. Mr brown wants to buy a new car．（改为一般疑问句）________Mr brown________to buy a new car？25. The members of the film club meet once everymonth．（对划线部分提问）________________ do the members of the film club meet？26. They sent the children a lot of presents on Children's Day．（改为被动语态）A lot of presents________to the children on Children's Day．27. There is no juice in the fridge．（改为反意疑问句）There is no juice in the fridge，________________．28. Could you show me how I should operate the machine？（改为简单句）Could you show me________operate the machine？29. In order to earn enough money，Mr Smith worked late into the night．（保持句意基本不变）Mr Smith worked late into the night________________he can earn enough money．30. Interesting，seen，he，just，very，Film，a，has．（连词成句）________．31. The film on detectives is so interesting that Tim has already seen it________．（two）32. I'm sure George is able to make a real car by________．（he）33. If you want to keep________，you should do some exercise everyday．（health）34. Take care of yourself，my mother said________to me．（gentle）35. Shanghai is now very modern，many foreigners will become the________ of Shanghai in the future．（city）36. The soup is good for you，it's a________of different kindsof vegetables．（mix）37. Please________the milk in the microwave，before you drink it．（heat）38. They won't publish Johnson's report unless he________it．（write）五、选词填空39. A young woman got on a bus，carrying her three-year-old baby．The conductor hurried to give her a warm welcome and then kindly asked the oth er passengers to make room for the woman and her child．On seeing this，people began to talk．"You know this conductor （54）________ be very rude．Now Suddenly he has changed his bad behavior，"said a middle-aged man．"Yes．He should be praised and we must write a letter to the company，"said a second passenger．"That's right．"another lady said，"If a newspaper （55）________ is here so that more people could learn from him．"Just then a gentleman （56）________ looked like a teacher turned to the conductor and said，"Excuse me，but can I know your name，please？Your excellent service should be praised…"Before he could open his mouth，the three-year old child （57）________ on the young woman's lap interrupted．"I know his name．I call him Dad．" A．reader B．used to C．sitting D．who E．reporter．40. I had to make a big decision．Five years ago，I was working for a small engineering company．However，things were not going very well for the company and it was losing money．One day，the boss told us that the company was （58）________ business．We were all unemployed．That lunch time we went to the pub （59）________．We were all very sad．Well，of course，we talked about the problem．Then the landlord of the pub heard the news．He said，"Why don't you buy the company？"At first we all laughed，but then we started to discuss it （60）________．We knew the problems．The company had lost a lot of customers because it hadn't developed new products，but finally we decided to go for it．So we bought the company．The first few years were very （61）________．But we worked hard and we had a bit of luck．We began to improve three years ag o．Since then we have done pretty well．Last year we took on（招聘）four new people．And so far we haste taken on another ten．A．as usual B．difficult C．well D．properly E．out of．六、书面表达41. Write at least 60words about the topic"My opinion on copying others'homework"（以"我对抄袭他们人作业的看法"为题写一篇不少于60个词的短文，标点符号不占格．）注意：1短文必须包含下列三大点；2第一至第三要点必须包含1--2个列表中所给词语，但第三点要适当发挥；3短文标题与开头已为你写好，不计入总词数．（注意：短文中不得出现考生的姓名、校名及其他相关信息，否则不予评分．）________．七、阅读填空42. We are now living in the modern society．Most of the energy we use for heating，lighting，transportation and manufacturing （制造业） comes from fossil （化石） fuels．These are carbon-based fuels from oil，coal and natural gas．When we burn these fuels we release heat which （63）p________ the energy．There are three main disadvantages to using these fuels．Firstly，they are causing climate problems because of the （64）G________ Effect．When we burn fossil fuels they produce carbon dioxide which causes global warming．Secondly，when we have used up all our coal，oil and natural gas，we will have （65）n________ left to burn．Thirdly，they are not very efficient．The internal combustion engine （内燃机）that we use in most cars，trucks and buses，for example，is only about 14% efficient．Scientists are working on another fuel-hydrogen．There are a couple of advantages to using hydrogen as a fuel．Firstly，because two-thirds of the （66）e________ surface is water and water is made of hydrogen and oxygen．There is an almost unli mited supply of hydrogen．Secondly，burning hydrogen does not cause global warming．Thirdly，it is much more efficient than carbon-based fuels．Unfortunately there are problems with hydrogen at the present time：there is the problem of separating （分离）it from water （67）c________，and there is the difficulty of storing it．It can be stored under pressure but high pressure tan ks are far from safe．It can also be stored as a liquid but only at extremely low temperatures ．It seems likely，therefore，that there will have to be a completely new technology before hydrogen replaces fossil fuels．（68）S________ these problems is an urgent （急迫的） matter．Although China，India and Australia have huge amounts of cheap coal，and there are still （69）l________ oil and gas reserves（储藏量） elsewhere，the effects on the planet's climate will be bad if they are used．2014年上海市宝山区、嘉定区中考英语二模试卷答案1. B2. B3. C4. D5. C6. A7. B8. C9. C10. B11. B12. A13. D14. C15. B16. C17. B18. B19. B20. C21. ACCBBC22. No，they aren't．,Because people know which school they go to and the children are proudof thei r school．,Because they wear special clothes for their jobs,Blue jeans，colourful T- shirt and baseball caps．,Teenagers'clothes tell me that they are young,I wear special clothes for my study23. B,A,D,C,B,D24. Does,want25. How,often26. were sent27. is,there28. how to29. so,that30. He has just seen a very interesting film．31. twice32. himself33. healthy34. gently35. citizens36. mixture37. heat38. rewrites39. used to,reporter,who,sitting40. E,A,D,B41. My opinion on copying others'homeworkIt is known to us all that some students copy ot hers'homework．There areseveral reasons for this phenomenon．The main reason is that a large amount of homework which is difficult to work out needs to be done everyday．Althou gh copyingothers'homework seems to do us a favor when we have to stay up late to finishthe endless exercises，in fact，it really doesharm to us students in terms of getting into a bad habit of being lazy to thinkove r difficult questions．As far as I am concerned，as a student，we should notonly be honest but work hard to finish all the homework on our own as well．As a saying goes"practice makes perfect"．If we keep practicing andreviewing our lessons th rough doing homework，we can do a goodjob in our exams．42. rovides,reenhouse,othing,arth's,heaply,olving,arge。
上海长宁、嘉定区高考英语二模考试()
上海长宁、嘉定区高考英语二模考试()————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：2014年高三英语教学质量检测试卷II. Grammar and VocabularySection A(A)A boy plays away from home and fights with others. He’s defeated, gets hurt and suffers shame. If he is strong-willed, he would clench (咬紧) his teeth, making a firm fist from (25) ______ (weep) in front of others. But as soon as he returns home he would burst out crying at the first sight of his close relatives. He would be all tears pouring out his sufferings.The same is true for a strong-willed grown-up. No matter what harm he suffers he would do his best (26) ______ (conceal) his feelings, trying not to let others know how he feels. He would swallow his bitter tears and show a smiling face at others (27) ______ ______ he didn’t care a bit. But however strong-willed he is, most probably he would cry as soon as he meets his close relative who loves him and to (28) ______ he can pour out his heart unreservedly. Not only would he weep but he’d cry his eyes out (29) ______ grief.If somebody weeps in your face —the person never of the type doing this in front of others, you’d better sit by and let him cry to (30) ______ heart’s content, for it shows you are regarded as his dearest or (31) ______ (reliable) one.It’s much better to have someone crying in your face than be met exclusively by (32) ______ smiling face. Anyone can smile at you, but very few will weep in your face, because the latter is much harder for one to do than the former.(B)Some of young soldiers who had recently joined the army were being trained in modern ways of fighting. One of the lessons they should take was (33) ______ an unarmed man could trick an armed enemy, take his weapon away and have him (34) ______ (arrest). First one of their two instructors took a knife away from the other, using only his bare hands, and then he took a gun away from him in the same way.After the lesson, and before they went on to train the young soldiers to do these things themselves, the two instructors asked them a number of questions to see how well they had understood what (35) ______ (show). One of the questions was this, “Well, you now know (36) ______ an unarmed man can do against a man with a gun. Imagine that you (37) ______ (guard) a bridge at eight one night, and that you have a gun. Suddenly you see an unarmed enemy soldier (38) ______ (come) towards you, and what will you do?”The young soldier who (39) ______ ______ answer this question thought carefully for a few seconds (40) ______ he answered, and then said, “Well after what I have just seen, I think that the first thing I would do would be to get rid of my gun as quickly as I could so that the unarmed enemy soldier couldn’t take it from me and kill me with it!”Section BA. countlessB. exhaustedC. comparisonD. essentialE. estimatesF. distinctiveG. relatively H. cleared I. unfortunately J. recycled K. restrictsRain forests, found in Earth’s temperate and tropical(热带的) zones, are some of the mostbiologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain ___41___ features, including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___42___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest’s insect and animal life grows well in the canopy’s leafy and sunlit environment. The forest’s groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun’s light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils, ___43___ plant growth.Rain forests are a(n) ___44___ part of Earth’s total ecology. Huge amounts of water are absorbed into tree roots and ___45___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration(蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem.The rain forests are ___46___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are ___47___ in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly ___48___. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage to the land and destroy the territory of ___49___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some ___50___, an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AArchaeologists are scientists who search for clues that help form a clearer picture of the lives people led in the past. Archaeology is a modern science, but it has been ___51___ for centuries. More than 2,400 years ago, the Greek historian Herodotus described the Egyptian pyramids and other monuments. He may have been the first writer to consider that remains and ___52___ could provide information for ___53___ generations. For more than a thousand years, however, such ___54___ were observers rather than researchers.In the 1700s, scientists and adventurers from a variety of countries traveled ___55___ to explore ancient sites. Digs that are still ___56___ began in 1709 at Herculaneum, an Italian city buried in ash during the explosion of Mount Vesuvius in A. D. 79. The Danish scholar Carsten Niebuhr visited the ruins of Persepolis in the Middle East in 1765 to study cuneiform writing (楔形文字). ___57___, archaeology didn’t become a widely recognized science and schools didn’t recognize the subject as a scholarly pursuit until the 19th century. The term itself was ___58___ in 1837. It comes from a Latin word meaning “the study of antiquities(古物).”One of the first archaeologists to use a scientific approach to the discipline was Heinrich Schliemann of Germany, who in the late 1800s ___59___ the ancient civilization of the city of Troy.Today, archaeologists uncover the past in many different ___60___, including deserts and jungles, at sites called digs. Ancient sources, folk tales, and landscape features can suggest where archaeologists should look. Surveys of the land help them choose sites ___61___ to provide artifacts, the objects that will unlock the story of a particular people —their daily lives, their beliefs, and their ties to other cultures. A site, however, does not have to be old to be interesting to an archaeologist. Some prefer to study more ___62___ settlements. One scientist, for instance, studies coal mining camps in California by examining the garbage that miners ___63___. Archaeologistsmay work for universities, museums or governments, and some of them are involved in educating the public about ___64___ ancient sites. Artifact hunters who are ___65___ history rob these places and sell what they find for a few dollars to immoral dealers in antiquities.51. A. adventuring B. changing C. digging D. evolving52. A. books B. history C. ruins D. science53. A. lost B. later C. older D. several54. A. inventors B. scholars C. visitors D. writers55. A. extensively B. nationwide C. regularly D. together56. A. in progress B. in good condition C. on display D. out of control57. A. Besides B. However C. Instead D. Meanwhile58. A. coined B. considered C. recognized D. used59. A. created B. developed C. established D. investigated60. A. countries B. fields C. locations D. ways61. A. certain B. likely C. ready D. necessary62. A. honorable B. peaceful C. rural D. recent63. A. gave away B. gave off C. left behind D. left out64. A. choosing B. examining C. studying D. protecting65. A. aware of B. fed up with C. ignorant of D. familiar withSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When my old dog developed major health problems, I knew that watching him fail would be painful, but I wasn’t prepared for the powerful lessons he’d offer in the last year of his life.Chance was 14 when the problems started. First, he developed a cancer that left him whistling for breath. Then came cataracts (白内障) in both eyes, arthritis (关节炎) in his legs, and a series of ministrokes (小中风) that threw off his balance. Any one of these misfortunes would have left me begging for relief, but Chance became calmer as the disabilities piled up.When leg pain left him frozen on the floor, unable to rise for a quick pat as I came home, he didn’t complain. He just lay there patiently, signaling me with his hammering tail, each movement spelling out the value of waiting for the things you want. When his cataracts made steering impossible after dark, he’d stand calmly until I could guide him inside, proving how easy it is to find happiness if you let go of your pride and insecurities and learn to lean on those who love you. When ministrokes had him walk unsteadily like a drunk, he taught the value of persistence. For days after each attack, he’d fall as he moved about. Yet again and again he’d try to walk, each day moving a few more steps until finally he was able to get outside and back by himself.There were lessons in so much of what he did, but the key one surely was the importance of obtaining all the joy possible from each experience whether it’s a day lazing under a warm sun or a few minutes appreciating a favorite meal.For most of our life together, Chance was always rushing ahead, searching out new adventures, then circling back to let me know what lay around the next bend. As an old dog, he did the samething, using his attitude, instead of his once-fast legs, to show the way.66. Chance suffered very much from all the diseases he had except for ______.A. having problem with breathB. walking around awkwardlyC. having trouble drinkingD. losing his eyesight in darkness67. ______ is the most important lesson the author learned from Chance.A. Living in the present and enjoying what we haveB. Learning to depend on those who we love and trustC. That we should expect good things to happen patientlyD. That we should persevere in what we believe is worth trying68. It is implied in the passage that ______.A. people might suffer from different diseases when they grow oldB. people could face aging with courage and dignityC. pets would become calmer for lack of energy in their last daysD. pets and masters should stick together helping each other in difficulty69. Which of the following words best describes the author’s feelings to Chance?A. Bitter.B. Grateful.C. Proud.D. Sympathetic.(B)——By 1865 MEMBERSHIP OFFICELangham’s legend(传说) dates back to 1865, when The Langham, London opened as Europe’s first ‘Grand Hotel’. For over 140 years, this flagship hotel has been at the forefront of charming hospitality(好客). Today, all Langham properties worldwide show the same philosophy, reflecting elegance in design, innovation in hospitality, genuine serve and fascination of the senses.ABOUT 18651865 is our way of saying thank-you for your support to our collection of hotels. Bringing you exclusive benefits and recognition, we ensure your stay with us is especially comfortable and uniquely memorable.EXPLORERGuests who are just beginning to get to know us by staying once in our properties will be invited to become Explorer members.GATEWAYStay 3 times at any of our properties within a 12-month period and you will be entitled to Gateway membership.VOYAGERTo enrol as Voyager member, simply gather a total of 5 stays within 12 months.DESTINYThis membership rank is reserved for the top 1% of V oyager members who show the highest level of commitment by staying in our superior-category rooms and suites (套房). Exclusive to a chosen few, Destiny membership is offered by invitation only.1865 MEMBERSHIP BENEFITSAT-A-GLANCEIn-room broadband Internet access * * * *Late check-out1* (4pm) * (6pm) * (8pm) Personalised room preferences * * * Personalised welcome services * (one) * (two) Upgrade to next room category2* *One-way coach service3* Exclusive gift * Notes:1. Depending on room availability2. After becoming a V oyager member, when staying 5 or more times within a 12 month period3. Between the city airport and the property, and valid with confirmed room booking only4. All benefits are restricted to the registered 1865 memberRemarks:Some of the above benefits do not apply to Eaton Smart, New Delhi Airport Transit Hotel. To explore the benefits of this hotel, please visit .70. To have a 1865 membership, guests need to ______.A. register at B. visit Langham three times in a yearC. have five stays in Langham yearlyD. stay in Langham properties once71. Which of the following is true according to the given information?A. Gateway members have 4pm late check-out priority any time they want.B. Members can get the benefits listed in the table at all Langham’s properties.C. The very first hotel of Langham collection was built in 1865 in Britain.D. Top 1% Voyagers with super residence record can apply for Destiny membership.72. Tony, on their honeymoon trip, wants to surprise his wife with a bunch of roses on arriving atthe hotel. Tony at least needs to have the membership of ______.A. EXPLORERB. GA TEW AYC. VOYAGERD. DESTINY73. What is the main purpose of the writing?A. To attract more potential guests.B. To share the history of Langham hotels.C. To introduce successful hotel management.D. To list Langham hotels’ exclusive benefits.(C)Charles Dickens’ novel A Tale of Two Cities is set in the years before and during the French Revolution (1789 - 1799). During its course, French revolutionaries brought down the empire and established a republic of free and equal citizens.In reading the work, one sees that Dickens distorted some details of the French Revolution. At the beginning, Dickens notes that, in 1775, France was busy spending money. This mention of France’s spending touches briefly on what is perhaps the major cause of the French Revolution. Before the revolution, the government often borrowed money because it spent more than it raised in taxes. The increased spending and borrowing made many people’s blood boil, yet Dickens focused instead on the nobility’s oppression and exploitation of the working class, including peasants, as the causes of the revolution.The Marquis, one of the book’s characters, ill-treats and kills many people. Thus, he represents the nobles who mistreat the lower classes. One reviewer criticized this picture as an unfair representation of French society in the mid-1700s. The reviewer pointed out that the government would have punished nobles who mistreated or murdered. Nobles may have been guilty of other evils, however, such as not feeding the starving masses after bad weather ruined crops in 1789.Dickens’ account of the storming of the Bastille fails to mention that the gang that stormed the prison was looking for bullets and bombs to use in defense against a possible attack by the kin g’s troops. Dickens does include some accurate details, however, such as the crowd’s finding only seven prisoners and freeing them and the pack’s executing (处决) the prison administrator and sticking his head on a post. The scene that the women knit (编织) as they watch the executions may seem to be an odd detail, but actually many women did knit stockings for the war effort as they watched the killing machine at work.Dickens’ descriptions of the steady stream of sentenced people into prison and the carts taking them to their deaths give readers some idea of the frequency with which officials jailed and executed people during the Rule of Terror, which lasted about a year. During the Terror, the government jailed about 250 thousand people, tried(审判) and killed about 17 thousand, and executed about 12 thousand without a trial. Those executed included people who opposed the revolution, people who offended the revolutionaries, and even some revolutionaries. About 15 percent were members of theministry or nobility.74. What does the word “distorted” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Discussed.B. Revealed.C. Provided.D. Twisted.75. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. A wild crowd rushed into the Bastille to fight with the royal soldiers.B. The nobles’ mistreating and killing people is the main cause of the revolution.C. About thirty thousand people lost their lives in the course of the Rule of Terror.D. Women were forced to work for the war supplies while watching people killed.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Dickens was once among the revolutionaries storming the Bastille.B. There was an extreme disorder and horror during the revolution.C. Nobles of those days in France were loaded with heavy social responsibilities.D. Classic literary works may serve as history textbooks to a great degree.77. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Collapse of the French EmpireB. Unknown Facts during the Rule of TerrorC. Dickens’ Description of the French RevolutionD. A Critical View on A Tale of Two CitiesSection CFor decades, a small percentage of homeowners have been installing solar panels(嵌板) on their rooftops. Those panels collect solar energy and change it into electricity. Until recently, the panels were too expensive for average homeowners, and their designs were anything but appealing. Thanks to new advances, however, solar panels for homes are becoming cheaper and less awkward, causing more homeowners to consider installing them.Last fall furniture seller IKEA began selling solar panels in its U.K. stores. Of course, home improvement stores such as Home Depot have been selling panels for a while. But the initiative by IKEA is seen as a way to bring the Do It Yourself solar option to the masses. While shopping for inexpensive furniture, shoppers could add a box or two of solar panels to their carts. IKEA is partnering with a company that handles installation and servicing of the panels, making the switch to solar easy for customers. If all goes well, IKEA plans to begin selling the panels in other countries soon.SolTech, a Swedish tech company, offers a solar-power solution that is much more pleasing to the eye than traditional solar panels. Instead of flat panels, SolTech offers a glass tile (瓦片) solution that goes well with existing tiled roof designs. The see-through tiles have a silver-gray color to them, and their shape fits traditional tiled roof designs. SolTech currently offers the solar systems that heat the home’s air or water and one solar PV system that produces electricity.New Energy Technologies, Inc. is developing a solar application that won’t be installed on rooftops. Instead, the first-of-its-kind SolarWindow TM technology enables see-through windows toproduce electricity in the way of showering their glass surfaces with the company’s patent-pending (专利申请中的) electricity-producing coatings. Amazingly, SolarWindow TM can produce electricity in low-light conditions and can even turn indoor light into electricity! This product holds great promise for commercial buildings since about 60 percent of a commercial building’s surface is covered with windows.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Solar panels on homeowners’ rooftops work by __________.79. What is IKEA doing to popularize their DIY solar option?80. SolTech’s solar panels are prettier because the see-through glass tiles are __________.81. How is SolarWindow TM technology used to produce electricity?第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 看，十年前种的那棵树现在长得多高了呀！(how)2. 你看上去很疲惫，为什么不回家好好睡一觉呢？(tired)3. 普遍认为在公共场合大声说话是粗鲁的，应该避免。
2014届上海市长宁区、嘉定区高三二模英语试卷
2014年长宁区、嘉定区高三英语教学质量检测试卷Section BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When my old dog developed major health problems, I knew that watching him fail would be painful, but I wasn’t prepared for the powerful lessons he’d offer in the last year of his life.Chance was 14 when the problems started. First, he developed a cancer that left him whistling for breath. Then came cataracts (白内障) in both eyes, arthritis (关节炎) in his legs, and a series of ministrokes (小中风) that threw off his balance. Any one of these misfortunes would have left me begging for relief, but Chance became calmer as the disabilities piled up.When leg pain left him frozen on the floor, unable to rise for a quick pat as I came home, he didn’t complain. He just lay there patiently, signaling me with his hammering tail, each movement spelling out the value of waiting for the things you want. When his cataracts made steering impossible after dark, he’d stand calmly until I could guide him inside, proving how easy it is to find happiness if you let go of your pride and insecurities and learn to lean on those who love you. When ministrokes had him walk unsteadily like a drunk, he taught the value of persistence. For days after each attack, he’d fall as he moved about. Yet again and again he’d try to walk, each day moving a few more steps until finally he was able to get outside and back by himself.There were lessons in so much of what he did, but the key one surely was the importance of obtaining all the joy possible from each experience whether it’s a day lazing under a warm sun or a few minutes appreciating a favorite meal.For most of our life together, Chance was always rushing ahead, searching out new adventures, then circling back to let me know what lay around the next bend. As an old dog, he did the same thing, using his attitude, instead of his once-fast legs, to show the way.66. Chance suffered very much from all the diseases he had except for ______.A. having problem with breathB. walking around awkwardlyC. having trouble drinkingD. losing his eyesight in darkness67. ______ is the most important lesson the author learned from Chance.A. Living in the present and enjoying what we haveB. Learning to depend on those who we love and trustC. That we should expect good things to happen patientlyD. That we should persevere in what we believe is worth trying68. It is implied in the passage that ______.A. people might suffer from different diseases when they grow oldB. people could face aging with courage and dignityC. pets would become calmer for lack of energy in their last daysD. pets and masters should stick together helping each other in difficulty69. Which of the following words best describes the author’s feelings to Chance?A. Bitter.B. Grateful.C. Proud.D. Sympathetic.(B)——By 1865 MEMBERSHIP OFFICELangham’s legend(传说) dates back to 1865, when The Langham, London opened as Europe’s first ‘Grand Hotel’. For over 140 years, this flagship hotel has been at the forefront of charming hospitality(好客). Today, all Langham properties worldwide show the same philosophy, reflecting elegance in design, innovation in hospitality, genuine serve and fascination of the senses.ABOUT 18651865 is our way of saying thank-you for your support to our collection of hotels. Bringing you exclusive benefits and recognition, we ensure your stay with us is especially comfortable and uniquely memorable.EXPLORERGuests who are just beginning to get to know us by staying once in our properties will be invited to become Explorer members.GATEWAYStay 3 times at any of our properties within a 12-month period and you will be entitled to Gateway membership.VOYAGERTo enrol as Voyager member, simply gather a total of 5 stays within 12 months.DESTINYThis membership rank is reserved for the top 1% of V oyager members who show the highest level of commitment by staying in our superior-category rooms and suites (套房). Exclusive to a chosen few, Destiny membership is offered by invitation only.1865 MEMBERSHIP BENEFITSAT-A-GLANCEIn-room broadband Internet access * * * *Late check-out1* (4pm) * (6pm) * (8pm) Personalised room preferences * * * Personalised welcome services * (one) * (two) Upgrade to next room category2* *One-way coach service3* Exclusive gift * Notes:1. Depending on room availability2. After becoming a V oyager member, when staying 5 or more times within a 12 month period3. Between the city airport and the property, and valid with confirmed room booking only4. All benefits are restricted to the registered 1865 memberRemarks:Some of the above benefits do not apply to Eaton Smart, New Delhi Airport Transit Hotel. To explore the benefits of this hotel, please visit .70. To have a 1865 membership, guests need to ______.A. register at B. visit Langham three times in a yearC. have five stays in Langham yearlyD. stay in Langham properties once71. Which of the following is true according to the given information?A. Gateway members have 4pm late check-out priority any time they want.B. Members can get the benefits listed in the table at all Langham’s properties.C. The very first hotel of Langham collection was built in 1865 in Britain.D. Top 1% Voyagers with super residence record can apply for Destiny membership.72. Tony, on their honeymoon trip, wants to surprise his wife with a bunch of roses on arriving atthe hotel. Tony at least needs to have the membership of ______.A. EXPLORERB. GA TEW AYC. VOYAGERD. DESTINY73. What is the main purpose of the writing?A. To attract more potential guests.B. To share the history of Langham hotels.C. To introduce successful hotel management.D. To list Langham hotels’ exclusive benefits.(C)Charles Dickens’ novel A Tale of Two Cities is set in the years before and during the French Revolution (1789 - 1799). During its course, French revolutionaries brought down the empire and established a republic of free and equal citizens.In reading the work, one sees that Dickens distorted some details of the French Revolution. At the beginning, Dickens notes that, in 1775, France was busy spending money. This mention of France’s spending touches briefly on what is perhaps the major cause of the French Revolution. Before the revolution, the government often borrowed money because it spent more than it raised in taxes. The increased spending and borrowing made many people’s blood boil, yet Dickens focused instead on the nobility’s oppression and exploitation of the working class, including peasants, as the causes of the revolution.The Marquis, one of the book’s characters, ill-treats and kills many people. Thus, he represents the nobles who mistreat the lower classes. One reviewer criticized this picture as an unfair representation of French society in the mid-1700s. The reviewer pointed out that the government would have punished nobles who mistreated or murdered. Nobles may have been guilty of other evils, however, such as not feeding the starving masses after bad weather ruined crops in 1789.Dickens’ account of the storming of the Bastille fails to mention that the gang that stormed the prison was looking for bullets and bombs to use in defense against a possible attack by the kin g’s troops. Dickens does include some accurate details, however, such as the crowd’s finding only seven prisoners and freeing them and the pack’s executing (处决) the prison administrator and sticking his head on a post. The scene that the women knit (编织) as they watch the executions may seem to be an odd detail, but actually many women did knit stockings for the war effort as they watched the killing machine at work.Dickens’ descriptions of the steady stream of sentenced people into prison and the carts taking them to their deaths give readers some idea of the frequency with which officials jailed and executed people during the Rule of Terror, which lasted about a year. During the Terror, the government jailed about 250 thousand people, tried(审判) and killed about 17 thousand, and executed about 12 thousand without a trial. Those executed included people who opposed the revolution, people whooffended the revolutionaries, and even some revolutionaries. About 15 percent were members of the ministry or nobility.74. What does the word “distorted” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Discussed.B. Revealed.C. Provided.D. Twisted.75. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. A wild crowd rushed into the Bastille to fight with the royal soldiers.B. The nobles’ mistreating and killing people is the main cause of the revolution.C. About thirty thousand people lost their lives in the course of the Rule of Terror.D. Women were forced to work for the war supplies while watching people killed.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Dickens was once among the revolutionaries storming the Bastille.B. There was an extreme disorder and horror during the revolution.C. Nobles of those days in France were loaded with heavy social responsibilities.D. Classic literary works may serve as history textbooks to a great degree.77. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Collapse of the French EmpireB. Unknown Facts during the Rule of TerrorC. Dickens’ Description of the French RevolutionD. A Critical View on A Tale of Two CitiesSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.For decades, a small percentage of homeowners have been installing solar panels(嵌板) on their rooftops. Those panels collect solar energy and change it into electricity. Until recently, the panels were too expensive for average homeowners, and their designs were anything but appealing. Thanks to new advances, however, solar panels for homes are becoming cheaper and less awkward, causing more homeowners to consider installing them.Last fall furniture seller IKEA began selling solar panels in its U.K. stores. Of course, home improvement stores such as Home Depot have been selling panels for a while. But the initiative by IKEA is seen as a way to bring the Do It Yourself solar option to the masses. While shopping for inexpensive furniture, shoppers could add a box or two of solar panels to their carts. IKEA is partnering with a company that handles installation and servicing of the panels, making the switch to solar easy for customers. If all goes well, IKEA plans to begin selling the panels in other countries soon.SolTech, a Swedish tech company, offers a solar-power solution that is much more pleasing to the eye than traditional solar panels. Instead of flat panels, SolTech offers a glass tile (瓦片) solution that goes well with existing tiled roof designs. The see-through tiles have a silver-gray color to them,and their shape fits traditional tiled roof designs. SolTech currently offers the solar systems that heat the home’s air or water and one solar PV system that produces electricity.New Energy Technologies, Inc. is developing a solar application that won’t be installed on rooftops. Instead, the first-of-its-kind SolarWindow TM technology enables see-through windows to produce electricity in the way of showering their glass surfaces with the company’s patent-pending (专利申请中的) electricity-producing coatings. Amazingly, SolarWindow TM can produce electricity in low-light conditions and can even turn indoor light into electricity! This product holds great promise for commercial buildings since about 60 percent of a commercial building’s surface is covered with windows.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Solar panels on homeowners’ rooftops work by __________.79. What is IKEA doing to popularize their DIY solar option?80. SolTech’s solar panels are prettier because the see-through glass tiles are __________.81. How is SolarWindow TM technology used to produce electricity?。
2014高三二模英语参考答案
2014高三二模英语参考答案一、听力（每小题1．5分, 满分30分）1-5 ABCBC 6-10 CABBA 11-15 CBAAB 16-20 ACBCA二、阅读理解（每小题2分，满分40分）21-24 CCAB 24-28 CDBA 29-31 CDA 31-35 ADCA 36-40 CBDEF三、完形填空（每小题1．5分，满分30分）第一节41-60 BCACB BCDD C BBCA A D ADAD第二节 61. dancing 62. for 63. am supposed 64. case 65. which66. too 67. change 68. but 69. it 70.hers五、改错（满分10分）1． e xciting →excited 2．hopes后加for 3．a →the 4．or →and5．was →is 6．teacher →teachers 7． t hat →as8．f ree →freely 9．去between 10．read →reading六、书面表达（满分25分）One possible version:Dear Sir or Madam,I am writing to apply for a scholarship in Harvard University for the bachelor’s Degree in your university. Here is my personal information for you．I was born in 1994 in Henan．I was admitted to Xiwang High School with high scores in 2011 and will graduate this June．During my three school years, besides my high school subjects such as Chinese, English, physics and chemistry, I also take advanced maths in a nearby college. I have made straight A’s on all required subjects. I have passed CET-4 and kept on learning English all these years. So I don’t think I will have any problems in the English language during my study in your country．I am looking forward to your early reply on qualifications for an international student．Sincerely yours Li Hua。
2014年高考二模英语试题及答案
2014年第二次高考模拟考试英语试卷本试卷共12页,三大题,满分135分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、试室号、座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型(B)填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Ⅰ语言知识及应用(共两节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1—15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，1.A.read B. learn C. behave D. speak2.A.visit B. leave C. desire D. attend3.A.cameras B. books C. libraries D. data4.A. printed B. ordered` C. used D. priced5.A. students B. colleagues C. leaders D. friends6.A. digital B. popular C. regular D. different7.A. present B. provide C. charge D. update8.A. peacefully B. consistently C. steadily D. unnoticeably9.A. less B. more C. higher D. better10.A. rent B. download C. buy D. record11.A. exactly B. permanently C. doubtfully D. roughly12.A. actually B. unwillingly C. hopefully D. fortunately13.A. entrance B. approach C. access D. admission14.A. school B. work C. hand D. home15.A. seats B. Internet C. textbooks D. homework第二节语法填空(共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16～25的相应位置上。
上海市各区2013-2014年高三英语二模试卷分类汇编----中英翻译-老师版(带答案已经校对)
I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 他们的建议听起来和我们的同样可行。
(as…as)2. 一到机场，玛丽就发现把护照忘在家里了。
(Hardly)3. 正是他对我们表现的评价，表明我们已经步入正轨了。
(track)4. 我没想到那个曾经受到高度赞扬的钢琴家结果却令观众大失所望。
(turn out)5. 如果不能独立找出提高学习效率的方法，你就很难取得令人满意的成绩。
(unless)Keys:1. Their suggestion sounds as feasible as ours.2. Hardly had Mary got to the airport when she found/noticed that she had left the passport at home.3. It was their comment on our performance that showed we had already been on the right track.4. I never thought that the pianist who had once been highly praised/spoken highly of turned out to be a great disappointment to the audience.5. It is very difficult for you to gain satisfactory achievements unless you find out the method of improving the learning efficiency by yourself / on your own.I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 这位医生已经说服了很多人戒烟。
2014年长宁区英语二模试卷
Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)I. Choose the best answer:(12) (长宁区)( A ) 1. Which of the following word matches the sound / tʃɑːns /?A: chance B: choose C: chains D: changes ( C ) 2. Which of the following is Not right?A: Did they go to Thailand yesterday?↑C: How did they go there? ↑B: Oh, no, the day before yesterday. ↓D: By plane. ↓( D ) 3. Miss Lin is now on diet. She has only a cup of milk for ___________ breakfast every day.A: a B: an C: the D: /( B ) 4. Let me share a true story with you, which happened __________ days ago.A: a little B: a couple of C: a small amount of D: much( C ) 5. They think my ways of studying English are different from _____________.A: you B: your C: yours D: yourself( A ) 6. Think it over and let me know whether you agree __________ me.A: with B: of C: to D: at( B ) 7. A: Dad, shall we go to the Century Park tomorrow?B: Sorry, I won‟t be free. But you _______________ ask Mum to go with you.A: must B: may C: would D: should( A ) 8. Lucy thinks making money is not as ___________ as going to school.A: important B: less important C: more important D: the most important ( C ) 9. Chatting on QQ is ______________ students enjoy doing at weekends.A: anything B: everything C: something D: nothing( D ) 10. I think the film star is famous, __________ none of my friends has ever heard of him.A: and B: or C: so D: but( A ) 11. _________ cold day it was yesterday! I had no choice but to stay indoors.A: What a B: What C: What an D: How( D ) 12. Emma gets up early every morning to practice _____________ the guitar.A: play B: to play C: plays D: playing( B ) 13. A: You look very nice in your new dress today.B: Thank you. I _____________ it when it was on sale.A: buy B: bought C: have bought D: will buy( B ) 14. The little boy made a lot of noise while his father ___________ his report.A: wrote B: was writing C: will write D: writes( C ) 15. He jumped out of the bed __________ he heard a ring at the door.A: although B: unless C: as soon as D: if( A ) 16. Thomas _____________ three tickets for the concert before Lily called him.A: had booked B: books C: has booked D: is booking( C ) 17. Many children in Britain ___________ to have their own bank cards nowadays.A: allow B: allowed C: are allowed D: were allowed ( D ) 18. A: Why did Mary look so worried? B: Because she wondered __________.A: where should she go C: what she has to do B: when would the exam begin D: if she could pass the exam( D ) 19. A: I have been working the whole morning. I am tired out now. B: ___________.A: How lucky! C: Congratulations! B: You‟d better work harder. D: Why not have a rest?( B ) 20. A: Let‟s go to Mr. Smith‟s speech on western culture, shall we?B: _____________. We can attend his lecture next time.A: Why not?C: That‟s all right. B: I‟m afraid it‟s too late. D: Never mind.II. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only behad been ____1_____. Like most English children, I learnt French at school and I had often been to France. ____2____ I often spoke a foreign language to people who didn‟t understand English. But when I went to America, I was really looking forward to having a nice easy holiday without any language problems.It turned out that I made a _____3_____. The misunderstanding began at the airport. I was _____4____ a public telephone to give my friend Danny a ring and tell him that I had arrived. A friendly old man saw me looking like being lost and asked if he could help me.“Well, that‟s nice,” he exclaimed. “Are you getting married? But aren‟t you too ____5_____?”“Who is talking about marriage?” I replied. “I just want to give my friend a ring to tell him I‟ve arrived. Can you tell me where there‟s a phone box?”“Oh!” he said. “There‟s a phone _____6______.”When at last we did meet up, Danny explained the misunderstanding to me. “Don‟t worry,” he said. “I had many difficulties at first. There are lots of words which the Americans use _____7_____ in meaning from us British. You‟ll soon get used to all the ______8______ things they say. But most of the time British and American people can understand each other.5. _______B________6. ______A_______7. ______E________8. _____C_______ III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms: (12)1. My father bought this iPad for me on my _____twelfth__________ birthday. ( twelve )2. Mr. Williams was excited to know that he would be the _____owner____ of the farm. ( own )3. You can put an advertisement in the local paper to ______sell__________ your car. ( sale )4. Don‟t always try to _____fool________ others. It‟s bad manners. ( foolish )5. The man ____completely___ denied driving after drinking when he was stopped by the police. ( complete )6. Detective novels used to hold a special ___attraction____ for my husband and me. ( attract )7. After he felt better, Mike searched for work at ____various_______ companies. ( variety )8. It was ____careless_________ of you to leave the door open when you were off. ( care )V. Rewrite the following sentences as required:1. We need to book two double rooms for the first week in November. (改为一般疑问句)___Do______ we ___need_____ to book two double rooms for the first week in November? 2. The young lady comes to clean our house twice a week. (对划线部分提问)___How_______ _____often______ does the young lady come to clean your house?3. Miss Jones became a manager in a local chemical factory last year. (保持原句意思)Miss Jones _____has______ ____been______ a manager in a local chemical factory for a year.4. I haven‟t decided what I should say at the meeting this afternoon. (改为简单句)I haven‟t decided ____what__________ ______to_______ say at the meeting this afternoon.5. Frank told us how he saved a boy after his story appeared on the Internet. (保持原句意思) Frank ___didn’t___ tell us how he saved a boy ___until___ his story appeared on the Internet.6. “When did Bill Gates begin tom play with computers?” Tom asked. (改为宾语从句)Tom asked _____when______ Bill Gates ______began_______ to play with computers.7. helped, Mr. Smith, work, problem, maths, the, out, me (连词成句)____Mr. Smith helped me work out the maths problem.________________________Part 2 Phonetics, Vocabulary and Grammar(第二部分语音、词汇和语法)I. Choose the best answer:(12) (长宁区)( ) 1. Which of the following word matches the sound / tʃɑːns /?A: chance B: choose C: chains D: changes ( ) 2. Which of the following is Not right?A: Did they go to Thailand yesterday?↑C: How did they go there? ↑B: Oh, no, the day before yesterday. ↓D: By plane. ↓( ) 3. Miss Lin is now on diet. She has only a cup of milk for ___________ breakfast every day.A: a B: an C: the D: /( ) 4. Let me share a true story with you, which happened __________ days ago.A: a little B: a couple of C: a small amount of D: much( ) 5. They think my ways of studying English are different from _____________.A: you B: your C: yours D: yourself ( ) 6. Think it over and let me know whether you agree __________ me.A: with B: of C: to D: at( ) 7. A: Dad, shall we go to the Century Park tomorrow?B: Sorry, I won‟t be free. But you _______________ ask Mum to go with you.A: must B: may C: would D: should( ) 8. Lucy thinks making money is not as ___________ as going to school.A: important B: less important C: more important D: the most important ( ) 9. Chatting on QQ is ______________ students enjoy doing at weekends.A: anything B: everything C: something D: nothing( ) 10. I think the film star is famous, __________ none of my friends has ever heard of him.A: and B: or C: so D: but( ) 11. _________ cold day it was yesterday! I had no choice but to stay indoors.A: What a B: What C: What an D: How( ) 12. Emma gets up early every morning to practice _____________ the guitar.A: play B: to play C: plays D: playing( ) 13. A: You look very nice in your new dress today.B: Thank you. I _____________ it when it was on sale.A: buy B: bought C: have bought D: will buy ( ) 14. The little boy made a lot of noise while his father ___________ his report.A: wrote B: was writing C: will write D: writes( ) 15. He jumped out of the bed __________ he heard a ring at the door.A: although B: unless C: as soon as D: if( ) 16. Thomas _____________ three tickets for the concert before Lily called him.A: had booked B: books C: has booked D: is booking ( ) 17. Many children in Britain ___________ to have their own bank cards nowadays.A: allow B: allowed C: are allowed D: were allowed ( ) 18. A: Why did Mary look so worried? B: Because she wondered __________.A: where should she go C: what she has to do B: when would the exam begin D: if she could pass the exam( ) 19. A: I have been working the whole morning. I am tired out now. B: ___________.A: How lucky! C: Congratulations! B: You‟d better work harder. D: Why not have a rest?( ) 20. A: Let‟s go to Mr. Smith‟s speech on western culture, shall we?B: _____________. We can attend his lecture next time.A: Why not?C: That‟s all right. B: I‟m afraid it‟s too late. D: Never mind.II. Complete the following passage with the words or phrases in the box. Each can only behad been ____1_____. Like most English children, I learnt French at school and I had often been to France. ____2____ I often spoke a foreign language to people who didn‟t understand English. But when I went to America, I was really looking forward to having a nice easy holiday without any language problems.It turned out that I made a _____3_____. The misunderstanding began at the airport. I was _____4____ a public telephone to give my friend Danny a ring and tell him that I had arrived. A friendly old man saw me looking like being lost and asked if he could help me.“Well, that‟s nice,” he exclaimed. “Are you getting married? But aren‟t you too ____5_____?”“Who is talking about marriage?” I replied. “I just want to give my friend a ring to tell him I‟ve arrived. Can you tell me where there‟s a phone box?”“Oh!” he said. “There‟s a phone _____6______.”When at last we did meet up, Danny explained the misunderstanding to me. “Don‟t worry,” he said. “I had many difficulties at first. There are lots of words which the Americans use _____7_____ in meaning from us British. You‟ll soon get used to all the ______8______ things they say. But most of the time British and American people can understand each other.5. ________________6. ______________7. ______________8. _____________ III. Complete the sentences with the given words in their proper forms: (12)1. My father bought this iPad for me on my ___________________ birthday. ( twelve )2. Mr. Williams was excited to know that he would be the ______________ of the farm. ( own )3. You can put an advertisement in the local paper to ____________________ your car. ( sale )4. Don‟t always try to ________________ others. It‟s bad manners. ( foolish )5. The man ________________ denied driving after drinking when he was stopped by the police. ( complete )6. Detective novels used to hold a special ________________ for my husband and me. ( attract )7. After he felt better, Mike searched for work at ___________________ companies. ( variety )8. It was _____________________ of you to leave the door open when you were off. ( care ) V. Rewrite the following sentences as required:1. We need to book two double rooms for the first week in November. (改为一般疑问句)____________ we ____________ to book two double rooms for the first week in November?2. The young lady comes to clean our house twice a week. (对划线部分提问)______________ _______________ does the young lady come to clean your house?3. Miss Jones became a manager in a local chemical factory last year. (保持原句意思)Miss Jones ______________ _____________ a manager in a local chemical factory for a year.4. I haven‟t decided what I should say at the meeting this afternoon. (改为简单句)I haven‟t decided ______________ _____________ say at the meeting this afternoon.5. Frank told us how he saved a boy after his story appeared on the Internet. (保持原句意思) Frank ___________ tell us how he saved a boy ___________ his story appeared on the Internet.6. “When did Bill Gates begin tom play with computers?” Tom asked. (改为宾语从句)Tom asked _______________ Bill Gates ________________ to play with computers.7. helped, Mr. Smith, work, problem, maths, the, out, me (连词成句)_____________________________________________________________________________Part 3 Reading and Writing ( 第三部分读写)Reading comprehension (阅读理解) ( 50分)A: choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) ( 12分)Dear Grandma,How are you? I hope you are feeling well and your leg is improving. Can you walk a bit now? Is your neighbor, Mrs. Lu, bringing you enough books to read? I hope so.You‟d love our school library, Grandma. There are so many books on all kinds of subjects. The other day I found a book about engineering. I couldn‟t really understand it but I hope to learn more about this topic sometime. This term I have three new subject classes, so I think I‟ll tell you about him.I study biology. It is a very interesting s ubject. I‟m learning all about the human body, where everything is and what it does. Did you know that we have a kissing muscle? It‟s called …orbicularis‟ and it‟s a circle muscle that closes your mouth and moves your lips forward. I love biology. It‟s so interesting! Another new subject is religion (宗教). I didn‟t think I would like this one, but actually it is very interesting to hear how different people worship (崇拜). We are learning about lots of religions from all over the world, not only Asia. My other new subject is Spanish. It‟s really difficult to learn a new language but I know it will be useful for me in the future, it I want to travel around the world. Spanish is one of the official languages of the European Union and the United Nations. I‟ve lear nt that Spanish is not only spoken in Europe but also in South America too. Countries like Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Mexico also speak Spanish. You know I‟ve always wanted to go to Mexico, so if I can speak Spanish it would be really useful. Did you study these subjects when you were at school? I suppose subject choice changes over time, doesn‟t it? I‟ll come to visit you again in the next holiday, which I think is in eight weeks‟ time. I‟ll bring you some of my new books if you like. I hope you can write back soon and tell me all the village news. I miss you very much.Lots of love,Sara( D) 1. From the letter we can know that Grandma‟s leg was ___________.A) improving B) lost C) getting worse D) hurt( C ) 2. The three new subjects for the writer this time are ____________.A) engineering, biology and Spanish B) engineering, biology and religionC) Spanish, biology and religion D) Spanish, engineering and religion ( D ) 3. The writer has learnt a lot except ____________ since she began to study biology.A) the human body B) a kissing muscle C) orbicularis D) circles ( A ) 4. The writer has always wanted to go to _____________.A) Mexico B) Chile C) Europe D) Spain ( B ) 5. The writer is going to visit Grandma _____________.A) next term B) in about 2 months C) this summer D) next month ( C) 6. Which of the following is “Not True” accordin g to the passage?A) Sara knows little about engineering.B) Sara thinks Spanish is useful but not easy to learn.C) Grandma probably doesn‟t like reading books very much.D) The subject Sara learns are different from the ones her grandma did.B. Choose the best words / phrases and complete the passage (选择最恰当的词语完成短文): ( 12分)People say you should know something about a country before you visit it. I never used to believe them, but I do now.My parents had booked us a holiday in Beijing. We‟d never been to China before, so I decided to buy my father a book called China: Know Before You GO.“Looks very interesting, but we don‟t need that,” he said. How _____1_____ he was.Our first evening in Beijing began at about nine o‟clock. The city was busy and everybody was out shopping. We walked past an empty restaurant. The staff were clearing tables and were obviously (明显地) about to go home.“This looks good，”said my father. “I think it‟s about to close,” I said. “People eat ____2_____ than in the UK. It says so in my book.” “OH, rubbish,” said my father. “The night is young!” The staff looked a bit annoyed but showed us to a table. A young woman handed us a menu, all in Chinese. My father pointed to a few things. “That‟s what we want,” he said. My father _____3____ the chopsticks and started tapping the bowl with them pretending he was playing the drums. All the staff looked over at us. “Don‟t do that, Dad,” I said. “It‟s not polite in China.”After a while one very large plate of food arrived in the middle of the table. My father took it and started eating. “Where‟s the rest of the food?” he said to the waitress. “Dad‟” I said, “everyone shares food here. That dish t\you‟re eating is for _____4_____.” But he ate everything on the plate. “Dad,” I said, “in China people think it‟s rude if you eat everything. They think you are still hungry.” Then the waiter brought round a hot towel and my father used the towel to clean himself all over. The waiter looked very surprised.Finally, my father asked for the bill. He paid and handed the waiter 20 yuan ____5_____ leaving. The waiter looked even more surprised. “What are you doing?” I said. “People don‟t give ____6____ in China.” I‟ve never felt so embarras sed in all my life. The food and the service were fantastic and I‟ll definitely go back to China. Next time I‟ll leave my father at home though.( C ) 1. A) clever B) kind C) wrong D) serious( D ) 2. A) faster B) more slowly C) later D) earlier( B ) 3. A) put up B) picked up C) took up D) looked up( A ) 4. A) everybody B) somebody C) nobody D) anybody( C ) 5. A) after B) by C) before D) from( B ) 6. A) bills B) tips C) suggestions D) salariesC. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with proper words: (14分)Who makes movies？Actors and directors, of course. But if you watch the credites (字幕) at the end of a movie, you‟ll find hundreds of other names. Some of them are not f____1___, but they play the most important roles in filmmaking. Here are three important jobs behind the scenes. Makeup artist: Making characters look believableThe makeup artist‟s work sounds simple. But it‟s more than just making the lead actress look beautiful. If the hero gets a cut on his face, the makeup artist creates that cut, and it has to look e____2____ the same tomorrow. And the special makeup for a monster or a space alien can take six hours! Sometimes makeup artists have only fifteen minutes to p____3____ twenty actors for a crowd scene. Their work must always be careful and good, so you don‟t notice it when you watch the movie.Special effects coordinator (协调人): Making impossible things look realAfter a movie, people often ask, “How did they do that?” In films, people can fly, dinosaurs walk through cities, and spaceships travel to other p____4_____ in outer space. These are all the work of the special effects coordinator. Some special effects, especially in science fiction movies, are made with computers. O___5____ are made by machines, which can make a raniny day or a snowy night at any time of the year. Fires and explosions in movies are all created with special effects.Foley artist: Creating the sounds of the cinemaThink of your favourite scary movie and its sounds – footsteps, loud rain, and creaking doors. All of these are the work of Foley artist. Many sounds can‟t be recorded d_____6____ the filming of a movie, so Foley artists p___7____ them in their studios (工作室). They create the wounds of a fight scene, and the wind, rain, and thunder in the backgro und. In a Foley artist‟s studio, there are even special floor recording different kinds of footsteps.Next time you see a movie, look for these names in the credits.1. f amous_______2. e xactly______3. p repare_____4. p lanets_______5. O thers________6. d uring_______7. p roduce_______D. Answer the questions: (12分)He felt strange when he went back to his college in Oxford. He had left the college 25 years before, and he had never been back. As he walked up from station, he slowly began to feel the same excitement that he had felt when first went there as an 18-year-old boy. When he received the email inviting him to the reunion (重聚) for the people of his year at college, he had felt only happy and excited. Now, as he got nearer to the college, he was nervous, yes, definitely nervous. Perhaps his classmates had all been more successful than him, or at least earned more money than him.He was happy in his job as a university lecturer, but the others were probably all lawyers, accountants and cankers. Who would be there at the reunion? He wondered. He was proud that he had studied there and glad to be back, but at the same time sad that the college was no longer part of his life, sad that he couldn‟t bring back those days which meant so much to him.T he porter gave him a key to a room in the college. He couldn‟t believe it. It was his old room. As he walked through the door, he was surprised to feel a tear rolling down his checks. He had never thought he would feel like this. He tried to remind himself that his times there had not always been happy, that there had been problems too. I t was almost time for dinner, so he put on his black dinner jacket and bow tie and walked down to the dining hall, wondering if any of his old friends would be there.He walked into the dining hall, and there she was. She had changed a little. The smile which had made him fall in love with her was still the same. But she was sitting with the man she had chosen to marry, the man she had chosen to marry instead of him. He had thought the pain had gone, but it hit him in the stomach like a boxer‟s punch. Was it wrong for him to have come back? Or should he …?1. How old was the writer when he went to college?_____18 / Eighteen years old. ________________________________________2. How did he feel when he received the email inviting him to his college reunion?______Happy and excited._____________________________________________3. Why did he feel sad on his way to his college?______Because the college was no longer part of his life / he couldn’t bring back those days which meant so much to him. ________________________________________4. The old room made him think of happy and sad times in the college, didn’t it?_______Yes, it did. ______________________________________5. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?_______”The pain.” ____________________________________________6. Please finish the last question.________Should he come here with his wife? / Should he talk with them? _____________Part 3 Reading and Writing ( 第三部分读写)Reading comprehension (阅读理解) ( 50分)A: choose the best answer (根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案) ( 12分)Dear Grandma,How are you? I hope you are feeling well and your leg is improving. Can you walk a bit now? Is your neighbor, Mrs. Lu, bringing you enough books to read? I hope so.You‟d love our school library, Grandma. There are so many books on all kinds of subjects. The other day I found a book about engineering. I couldn‟t really understand it but I hope to learn more about this topic sometime. This term I have three new subject classes, so I think I‟ll tell you about him.I study biology. It is a very interesting subject. I‟m learning all about the human body, where everything is and what it does. Did you know that we have a kissing muscle? It‟s called …orbicularis‟ and it‟s a circle muscle that closes your mouth and moves your lips forward. I love biology. It‟s so interesting! Another new subject is religion (宗教). I didn‟t think I would like this one, but actually it is very interesting to hear how different people worship (崇拜). We are learning about lots of religions from all over the world, not only Asia. My other new subject is Spanish. It‟s really difficult to learn a new language but I know it will be useful for me in the future, it I want to travel around the world. Spanish is one of the official languages of the European Union and the United Nations. I‟ve lea rnt that Spanish is not only spoken in Europe but also in South America too. Countries like Peru, Bolivia, Chile, and Mexico also speak Spanish. You know I‟ve always wanted to go to Mexico, so if I can speak Spanish it would be really useful. Did you study these subjects when you were at school? I suppose subject choice changes over time, doesn‟t it? I‟ll come to visit you again in the next holiday, which I think is in eight weeks‟ time. I‟ll bring you some of my new books if you like. I hope you can write back soon and tell me all the village news. I miss you very much.Lots of love,Sara( ) 1. From the letter we can know that Grandma‟s leg was ___________.A) improving B) lost C) getting worse D) hurt ( ) 2. The three new subjects for the writer this time are ____________.A) engineering, biology and Spanish B) engineering, biology and religionC) Spanish, biology and religion D) Spanish, engineering and religion ( ) 3. The writer has learnt a lot except ____________ since she began to study biology.A) the human body B) a kissing muscle C) orbicularis D) circles ( ) 4. The writer has always wanted to go to _____________.A) Mexico B) Chile C) Europe D) Spain ( ) 5. The writer is going to visit Grandma _____________.A) next term B) in about 2 months C) this summer D) next month ( ) 6. Which of the following is “Not True” accordi ng to the passage?A) Sara knows little about engineering.B) Sara thinks Spanish is useful but not easy to learn.C) Grandma probably doesn‟t like reading books very much.D) The subject Sara learns are different from the ones her grandma did.B. Choose the best words / phrases and complete the passage (选择最恰当的词语完成短文): ( 12分)People say you should know something about a country before you visit it. I never used to believe them, but I do now.My parents had booked us a holiday in Beijing. We‟d never been to China before, so I decided to buy my father a book called China: Know Before You GO.“Looks very interesting, but we don‟t need that,” he said. How _____1_____ he was.Our first evening in Beijing began at about nine o‟clock. The city was busy and everybody was out shopping. We walked past an empty restaurant. The staff were clearing tables and were obviously (明显地) about to go home.“This looks good，”said my father. “I think it‟s about to close,” I said. “People eat ____2_____ than in the UK. It says so in my book.” “OH, rubbish,” said my father. “The night is young!” The staff looked a bit annoyed but showed us to a table. A young woman handed us a menu, all in Chinese. My father pointed to a few things. “That‟s what we want,” he said. My father _____3____ the chopsticks and started tapping the bowl with them pretending he was playing the drums. All the staff looked over at us. “Don‟t do that, Dad,” I said. “It‟s not polite in China.”After a while one very large plate of food arrived in the middle of the table. My father took it and started eating. “Where‟s the rest of the food?” he said to the waitress. “Dad‟” I said, “everyone shares food here. That dish t\you‟re eating is for _____4_____.” But he ate everything on the plate. “Dad,” I said, “in China people think it‟s rude if you eat everything. They think you are still hungry.” Then the waiter brought round a hot towel and my father used the towel to clean himself all over. The waiter looked very surprised.Finally, my father asked for the bill. He paid and handed the waiter 20 yuan ____5_____ leaving. The waiter looked even more surprised. “What are you doing?” I said. “People don‟t give ____6____ in China.” I‟ve never felt so embarras sed in all my life. The food and the service were fantastic and I‟ll definitely go back to China. Next time I‟ll leave my father at home though. ( ) 1. A) clever B) kind C) wrong D) serious( ) 2. A) faster B) more slowly C) later D) earlier( ) 3. A) put up B) picked up C) took up D) looked up ( ) 4. A) everybody B) somebody C) nobody D) anybody ( ) 5. A) after B) by C) before D) from( ) 6. A) bills B) tips C) suggestions D) salaries。
上海长宁嘉定二模上海市长宁嘉定区高三下学期二模英语试题 含答案
2012学年嘉定区高三年级第二次质量调研英语试卷第Ⅰ卷I . Listening Comprehension (略)Ⅱ. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirection: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25.Lending him money would be equivalent, in my opinion, _______ throwing it away.A. byB. fromC. onD. to26.Many of the pianos made by Steinway & Sons Company in Germany, especially ______ made during its “golden period”, are valued at several at million dollars.A. thatB. thoseC. oneD. One27.Now that they both had their cut, the twins looked ______ alike than usual.A. muchB. ratherC. even moreD. quite more28.Mr. Wang’s phone hasn’t stopped ringing since he won the lottery (彩票).People _______ to ask how he is going to spend the money.A. phoneB. phonedC. will phoneD. are phoning29.---Excuse me, sir. Where is Room 316?--- Just a minute. I will geta receptionist _______ you to your room.A. showB. shownC. showingD. to show30.The company is facing a potential serious crisis though its profits ______ increase this year.A. mayB.shallC. shouldD. need31.Born in a wealthy family, the boy took everything in his life for granted ______ for the first time he saw how poor farmers struggled to survive the hard life.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. while32.In the old days, students were expected to memorize information and then feed back what ______ to them.A. providedB. was being providedC. was to provideD. had been provided33.A hot air balloon caught fire in Egypt early this year, ______ 18 tourists on board.A. killsB. killedC. killingD. to kill34.Whether ______ or not, major depressive disorder is often associated with changes in brain structures or brain functions.A. to inheritB. inheritedC. inheritingD. being inherited35.The boy hopes to become friend of ______ shares his interests and happiness.A. whoB. whomeverC. whoeverD. anyone36.Tames is hardly willing to change any of his decisions, so it is no use ______ with him.A. arguingB. arguedC. to argueD. having argued37.______ the speaker referred to in his speech yesterday was unfamiliar to the general audience.A. ThatB. WhatC. WhetherD. Where38.Error correction in a language class should never be carried to the point ______ it discourages students from getting involved.A. whereB. whichC. howD. when39.--- How was the television debate last night?--- Super! Barely ______ so much media attention.A. a debate attractedB. a debate did attractC. did a debate attractD. Attracted a debate40.Top students are not merely those who sit up late to study. It is their concentration and efficiency ______ really matter.A. whatB. thatC. whetherD. whichSection BDirection: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Life isn’t easy for families of children with special needs. Faced with responsibility of a family member requiring extra attention and care, many families feel lonely, __41____ and hopeless. In many cases, the families feel a sense of __42____ because their children are not “perfect”. But Taiwan Sunshine wants to change that.Founded in 2009, Taiwan Sunshine believes that all children have characteristic value, and by supporting the families who care for children with special needs, it an change the___43___ understanding. In doing so, it hopes to help these children become useful members of society.The Taipei-based, non-profit organization seeks to ___44___ these goals in three ways. First, it offers in-school programs, often centered around events like Christmas. Second, it develops conferences for use in schools, churches and other organizations. These conferences raise___45___ of the issues that families with special-needs children face and encourage organizations to develop programs to support these families. Third, Taiwan Sunshine works with other groups to put together and ___46___ the “I Am a Hero Games.”During the games, children compete in different ___47___ activities, such as the ball throw and running race. When children aren’t ___48___, they enjoy other activities, such as playing with dogs from a local therapy program. Each game includes a prize-awarding ceremony in which all the children are formally__49____ with medals to celebrate their accomplishments.Through programs like the Hero Games, Taiwan Sunshine is working hard to meet the needs of families with special-needs children.Ⅲ. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage these are four words or phrases marked A, B,C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the contest.Avraham Kadar, a physician, faced the challenge of explaining complex medical concepts to children be was treating for many years. __50____ , he found a solution in 1999, and teachers have been gaining the benefits ever since.Kadar created BrainPOP, a(n)__51____program consisting of humorous animated (动画的) videos in which a man named Tim and his robot friend Moby__52____ various subjects. Thevideos fall into seven types: engineering and technology, science, social studies, English, math, health, and arts and music. From historical figures to recent inventions, they cover over 500 topics, __53____interste in the subjects though __54____and illustrations. BrainPOP’s materials also include quizzes, activities, answers to questions and extra information about each topic.BrainPOP can be used in the classroom or at home through the Internet. It is now _55_____ everywhere through its apps (应用程序) for mobile devices. BrainPOP also supplies resources to different__56____ : BrainPOP Jr, for younger students, BrainPOP Espanol for Spanish speakers and BrainPOP ESL for those learning English. Almost 20 percent of American schools have ___57___BrainPOP, and its popularity is growing worldwide. Its website, apps and produces have won multiple awards from magazines, websites and other organizations.The reason for BrainPOP’s__58____ among teachers is similar: It works. A 2009 study conducted by SEG Research compared students who used BrainPOP to those who didn’t. The BrainPOP users experienced more __59____ in vocabulary, reading comprehension, language skills and science than the other syudents.And the benefits of BrainPOP are not limited to__60____ speakers of English. One award-winning Canadian school with students from many language backgrounds makes BrainPOP available to all its teachers. They find it__61____ because it mixes pictures with its presentations instead of relying only on language.___62___ , a school in the U.S. for students with learning disabilities has found BrainPOP very effective at keeping students engaged and encouraging them to participate. Teachers said taht BrainPOP’s quick pace and humor help students __63____ interruptions and continue to focus. The kids love the teacher Moby, a robot that cannot speak but communicates with facial expressions and beeps（发出嘟声). For more than 10 years, BrainPOP’s fun, lear and educational materials have helped students learn---and __64____ it.50. A. At one time B. By no means C. In the end D. On the whole51. A. domestic B. educational C. historic D. medical52. A. bring up B. contribute to C. figure out D. talk about53. A. cultivating B. appreciating C. expressing D. following54. A. changes B. concepts C.humor D. science55. A. useful B. creative C. informative D.accessible56. A. groups B. stores C. devices D. schools57. A.studied B. adopted C. invented D. produced58. A. appearance B. existence C. limitation D. popularity59. A. difficulties B. improvement C. practice D. challenges60. A. popular B. foreign C. native D. brilliant61. A. helpful B. complex C. informal D. funny62. A. Absolutely B. Namely C. Originally D. Similarly63. A. notice B. recognize C. ignore D. picture64. A. imitate B. enjoy C. explore D. IllustrateSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)My husband and I were once in Nepa l(尼泊尔)to see sunrise over the Himalayas.One morning we awoke to total darkness at 5 o’clock.As we rushed through a town with cameras in hand,I noticed the calm,gentle way the Nepalese people greeted the morning.One man boiled a huge pot of milk tea,and other villagers gathered around his fire,cupping their hands around small glasses of the steaming sweet mixture.It was fascinating,but not to be left behind,we joined the stream of tourists moving quickly up to the lookout point.The top was crowded when we arrived,but after 10 minutes of cold waiting,the assembled group gave up.“The cloud cover is too heavy,”one said.Then one by one they rushed down the hill to the next item on their sightseeing list.I was disappointed as well,but suddenly I noticed a small Nepalese boy absently playing with a stick and shooting quick glances at the clouds.He must know something we don’t,I thought.I decided to wait with him.The boy and I didn’t have to wai t long.Moments later,a tiny stream of golden light burned through one thick cloud,then another.Rose-colored fog warmed the backs of the clouds,and suddenly the morning sun stole a glance around the side of the mountain,mile above where I’dexpected it to be.Nothing I’d seen before prepared me for the moment the clouds withdrew with bowed heads,and the magnificent Himalayas were revealed before,around,and above me.I sat in astonishment,not breathing, not daring to look away,certain that God had placed me here at the backdoor of Earth to show me what Heaven really looks like.I certainly got the message.Never again will I rush a sunrise.I now know Nature will supply her fruits to me only when I am truly ready to receive them.65.What does “It” in Paragraph 2 most probably imply?A.The darkness of the town in the morning.B.The huge pot of milk tea boiling on the fire.C.The way the local people welcomed the day.D.The stream of tourists rushing to the lookout point.66.The author decided to wait with the Nepalese boy because _____.A.she felt kind of having faith in himB.the restless tourists disappointed herC.that boy was praying to the sun with a magic stickD.she had nothing more to see on her sightseeing list67.Which of the followin g words best describe the author’s feeling when she saw the sunrise?A.Totally shockedB.AbsolutelyC.Truly frightenedD.Extremely interested68.What can be concluded from the passage?A.Do in Rome as the Romans do.B.God helps those who help themselves.C.Time and tide wait for no man.D.Fortune rewards those having patience.(B)The Metropolitan Museum of ArtWe are currently taking requests for school group guided tours to occur through June 30, 2013. Appointments are required of all school groups visiting the Museum. All requests for guided tours must be sent in using the Guided Tour Request Form. If you have any questions, you may email schoolvisits@. Please continue to check our website for the most up-to-date information.Guided ToursStudents and teachers may explore the collection with a Museum staff member, who leads discussions and exercises designed to encourage critical thinking in response to original works of art. Tours are appropriate for the group's grade, level of ability, and subject of interest. Guided tours are offered and recommended for students who are at or above first-grade level and last about an hour.Group SizeA group may have no fewer than 10 students and no more than 50 students, with one chaperon (行为监督人) required for every 10 students.Group FeeAll fees are waived（免除）for schools located within the five boroughs of New York City. Schools outside New York City pay regular group rates:●Students: $15 each●One teacher per reservation receives complimentary admission.●Required adult chaperones (one for every 10 students): $15 each●Any additional adults: $28 each●Groups of 15 or fewer: $225 flat fee（固定价格）The Museum reserves the right to limit the number of adults participating in school group guided tours. Membership and other discounts do not apply to group admission.Tour ScheduleGuided tours are conducted Tuesday through Friday, 9:45 a.m.–12:30 p.m. A limitednumber of guided tours for high school students are available Tuesday through Thursday at 1:30 and 2:00 p.m.Cancellation PolicyAll requests to change or cancel existing reservations must be made in writing via emailto schoolvisits@. Fees cannot be returned to groups that cancel with less than 2 weeks' notice.A.Tour around guided by an experienced museum stuff memberB.Keep continuous contact with the information center of the museumC.Take guided tours with limited members from 1:30 to 2:00p.m. On FridayD.Email the museum to change the reservation two days beforehand to get repaid70.If two couples of teachers and 21 students from Chicago want to visit the museum, what would the lowest cost be?A. $225B.$345C.$373D. $42771.Who might be most interested in this piece of information?A.Museum tour guideB. School educationC. Fine art c ollectorsD. Students’ parents(C)Chinese e-commerce company Alibaba Group plans to take its Hong Kong-listed unit private, two sources familiar with the matter said, and it working with Yahoo on an asset-exchange (资产交换)deal that may result in Yahoo owning a direct stake（股本）in one of Alibaba Group’s operating businesses,.The sources revealed that taking private was only one of the proposals being discussed and a final solution is still being worked out.Alibaba Group’s plans are part of an overall deal being discussed by the board of Yahoo,which has come under fire from investors impatient with its lackluster performance. The shareholders are also frustrated with the apparent hesitation of stakeholders over how to handle its investments in Alibaba and other prized Asian assets.The deal under discussion is that Alibaba Group would use borrowed money and internal cash as well as an asset exchange to buy back most of a 40 percent stake that Yahoo owns in Alibaba Group, the sources said,’Alibab ’s share price has been quite bumpy since its listing. Probably taking it private will make it more flexible for the group to do the transformation that it is going through,’ sa id Wendy Huang, head of regional Internet in Hong Kong. Trading in shares was stopped on Thursday by an announcement from its parent.Alibaba Group currently owns about 73 percent in , which has a market value of nearly $6 billion. At the current market price, the remaining is valued at about $1.6billion. Yahoo’s stake in Alibab a Group has an estimated value of $14billion. Under the plans being discussed, Alibaba Group wants to buy back about 25 percent of its stake. Alibaba Group plans to pay a third of the money through a stake in one of its operating assets and the rest, or around $6 billion, in is the most likely operating unit in which yahoo may be offered a stake, one of the sources said. Both parties have an understanding on this arrangement, but have not signed any formal deal yet, the source added.Alibaba Group, founded by former English teacher and now billionaire Jack Ma, is looking to raise a loan of about $3 billion, which will be partly used to fund the buyback and the privatization.Sources previously admitted under a “cash rich split” plan being discussed, Yahoo would effectively transfer most of its 40 percent slice of Alibaba back to the Chinese company and all of its stake in Yahoo Japan to Softbank Corp. In return for cash and assets.72.The word “lackluster”in paragraph 2 can be best replaced by””A.ImpressiveB. InspiringC. DisappointingD. Unforgettable73.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Alibaba Group will pay the 40% stake owned by Yahoo in three different ways.B. Alibaba Group has got a stake that is valued about $14billion in .C. will probably be offered to Yahoo as a stake of an operating asset.D. Alibaba Group and Yahoo have already reached an agreement on the asset exchange.74.What can be inferred from the passage?A.The deal between Alibaba and Yahoo will lead to the end of the competition.B.Yahoo may suffer a financial loss in carrying out a “Cash rich split” plan.C. Yahoo will transfer more cash to its assets in Asia for future development.D. ’s shares haven’t had a satisfactory performance on the market.75.Which might be the best title of the passage?A.Alibaba Has Cash Rich SplitB.Alibaba Plans to Take a Unit PrivateC.Yahoo Wins a Big StakeD.Yahoo Manages to Exchange AssetsSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.A. Wide spread of ProhibitionB. Brief introduction to ProhibitionC. Different comments upon ProhibitionD. Significant contribution of ProhibitionE. Serious offences involving ProhibitionF. Social problems coming about with Prohibition76.__________________In the United States, the age known as Prohibition began when the Eighteenth Amendmentto the Constitution went into effect in 1920. For the next 12 years, it was illegal to make, sell, or transport alcoholic beverages, defined as any drinks that were more than one half of one percent (0.05%) alcohol.77._________________Prohibition came about largely because of the growth of the Temperance Movement. For almost a century, people had praised the benefits of temperance. These reformers believed that alcohol was the main cause of disease, broken homes, poverty, and crime. Many saw “demon rum” and “John Barleycorn” as enemies of a state and productive world. By 1916 almost half of the 48 states had passed laws that closed bars and forbade the production of any form of alcoholic beverage.78._________________Prohibition, therefore, was an honest effort to improve the health of all Americans, to deal with the problems associated with immoderate alcohol consumption, and to lower the cost of government involvement. Some historians suggest that Prohibition enjoyed widespread support and led to a drop in some forms of crime. Others argue that it was the direct cause of increased crime, social conflict, and new forms of drug abuse. Whatever the case, the consumption of alcohol stayed common throughout the United States despite the law.79._________________It is hard to assess the impact of Prohibition. Bootlegging--- the illegal manufacture and sale of alcohol--- was widespread and profitable, and illegal, private clubs, called speakeasies, sprang up in place of the saloons that had been closed. The Customs Service and the Coast Guard struggled to stop the flood of alcohol coming in from places such as Canada and the Caribbean. The period also saw a drop in incomes for the government. Taxes could no longer be collected from the buyers and sellers of beer, wine, and spirits. Prison overcrowding was also a problem, partly because of disobedience of Prohibition laws.80._________________Moreover, Prohibition-related crime quickly became organized. Individual criminals developed a network of relationships through which they could control bootlegging and offer protection to illegal bar owners. Dishonesty in police and government agencies also became a problem, as officers and civil servants were tempted into a profitable association with organized crime. Prohibition ended in 1933 with the passage of the Twenty-first Amendment. The debate regarding its effectiveness continues to this day.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Working mothers who try to do everything by themselves are more likely to become depressed than those accepting that they are not super humans, a recent study of hundreds of women suggests.Women are told a story that they can do it all,but most workplaces are still designed for employees without child-care responsibilities,and they can happily combine child raising and a career if they are willing to let some things slide. Katrina Leupp, a researcher,suggests that rather than trying to do everything themselves,working women should get family members or others to help with the housework and not feel guilty about leaving work early when family duty calls. High earners can follow the lead of actress Anna Friel, who let out her secret to dealing with work and being a mother at the same time ---employing two maids.A researcher from the University of Washington said:”Employment is beneficial for women”s health,even when differences in marital(婚姻的) satisfaction and working full-or part-time are ruled out .”But the analysis also found that not all working mothers are equally happy. The women with “supermum”attitudes as young adults showed more signs of depression, the American Sociological Society’s annual conference stated. Women who try to do it all without any help are more likely to feel they are failures when things do not go to plan. Very often they may be drowned in tiredness. Lack of any”me time” could also be an issue. However, she stressed that working women--- including super mums --- generally still a lower risk of depression than stay-at-home mothers, adding:”But for better mental health, working mums should accept thatthey can’t do it all.”Pam Spurr, a life coach and mother-of-two,said working women don’t have to feel ashamed to take a career break when they have kids to take care of or cut back on time in the office. She said:”We need to accept that we are only human and can’t do it all.”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statement in NO MORE THAN THE WORDS.)81.According to a recent study, in order not to be depressed,working mothers________.82.How should working women deal with career and family according to Katrina Leupp?83.What are the signs of super mums’ depression?84.In Pam Spurr’s opinion,working women need to realize there is no shame in ________.第II卷I．TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.（1）过马路时务必要小心。
2014届各区二模英语试卷阅读理解（D篇14套）
2014届各区⼆模英语试卷阅读理解（D篇14套）Uniforms, used for identifying people, are seen almost everywhere in the world. They are a part of everyday life. Let?s look at some of the reasons why people wear uniforms and the types of people that wear uniforms.Many children have to wear a uniform at school. Boys and girls must wear the same coloured clothes and a school tie. There is often a school badge on the jacket or shirt. There are many reasons for having a school uniform. Firstly, the uniform shows that the children attend the same school. It is important for children to feel they belong to a school and that they identify with their school. Secondly, the uniform makes it easy for other people to tell which school they go to and the children are proud of their school. Thirdly, school uniforms are comfortable, smart clothing. Finally, it is cheaper for parents to buy one set of clothes for their child. Most parents cannot afford to buy lots of expensive, fashionable clothes for their children.It is not only children who wear uniforms. Think about police officers, bus drivers, security guards, chefs, waiter, and bank clerks. They all wear special clothes for their jobs. These clothes are comfortable and practical for their daily work. Their uniforms also allow the public to recognize them at once.Many other people wear uniforms too. A business person usually wears a dark suit, a white shirt, a tie, and carries a briefcase to the office. A builder wears jeans, strong shoes and a T-shirt. The clothes a person wears tell other people the kind of job the person does.Go to a shopping mall at the weekend. You will see groups of teenagers wearing blue jeans, colourful T-shirts and baseball caps. These clothes say, …We are young and free. We do not need to work.? But they are all wearing the same clothes as part of the same group. Although they may not like the uniform they have to wear at school, they like to have a group identity. At the weekend, they have a group identity by wearing the same styles of clothes as their friends. This is also a uniform -----the uniform of youth.Clothes communicate many things about the wearers: their jobs, their social groups, even their attitudes. What do you want to tell people through the clothes you wear?1. Are children the only people who wear uniforms?________,_____________________________________________________________.2. Why are children on their best behaviour when they wear their school uniforms?_________ ___________________________________________________________.3. Why do police officers wear uniforms?_____________________________________________________________________.4. Can you describe a teenager?s weekend ?uniform??_____________________________________________________________________.5. What do teenagers? clothes tell you about them?_____________________________________________________________________.6. What do you want to tell people through the clothes you wear?_____________________________________________________________________.Key:1.No, they aren’t. / No, adults wear uniforms, too.2. Because people know which school they can go to / and the children are proud of their school._3. Because they wear uniforms so that people can recognize them. / These clothes are comfortable and practical for their daily work. / because they think people can recognize them easily.4. (Their weekend “uniform” is ) a pair of jeans, as colourful T-shirt and a basketball cap.5. They tell us that) they are young and free. / that they don’t need to work / that they are all part of the same group.6. I want to tell people that I am a shiny, healthy and active young boy through the clothes I wear._He felt strange when he went back to his college in Oxford. He had left the college 25 years before, and he had never been back. As he walked up from station, he slowly began to feel the same excitement that he had felt when first went there as an 18-year-old boy. When he received the email inviting him to the reunion (重聚) for the people of his year at college, he had felt only happy and excited. Now, as he got nearer to the college, he was nervous, yes, definitely nervous. Perhaps his classmates had all been more successful than him, or at least earned more money than him.He was happy in his job as a university lecturer, but the others were probably all lawyers, accountants and cankers. Who would be there at the reunion? He wondered. He was proud that he had studied there and glad to be back, but at the same time sad that the college was no longer part of his life, sad that he couldn?t bring back those days which meant so much to him.The porter gave him a key to a room in the college. He couldn?t believe it. It was his old room. As he walked through the door, he was surprised to feel a tear rolling down his checks. He had never thought he would feel like this. He tried to remind himself that his times there had not always been happy, that there had been problems too. I t was almost time for dinner, so he put on his black dinner jacket and bow tie and walked down to the dining hall, wondering if any of his old friends would be there.He walked into the dining hall, and there she was. She had changed a little. The smile which had made him fall in love with her was still the same. But she was sitting with the man she had chosen to marry, the man she had chosen to marry instead of him. He had thought the pain had gone, but it hit him in the stomach like a boxer?s punch. Was it wrong for him to have come back? Or should he …?1. How old was the writer when he went to college?__________________________________________________________________________2. How did he feel when he received the email inviting him to his college reunion?____________________________________________________________________________3. Why did he feel sad on his way to his college?____________________________________________________________________________4. The old room made him think of happy and sad times in the college, didn’t it?____________________________________________________________________________5. What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?____________________________________________________________________________6. Please finish the last question.____________________________________________________________________________Key:1. 18 / Eighteen years old.2. Happy and excited.3. Because the college was no longer part of his life / he couldn’t bring back those days whichmeant so much to him.4. Yes, it did.5 .”The pain.”6. Should he come here with his wife? / Should he talk with them?Happiness is a feeling that lights up your eyes, makes your steps light and makes you want to sing for no reason. Everyone wants to be happy. But sometimes, a guest comes in without invitation. It?s unhappiness. Don?t let it get you down. Send it away.When you are happy, the world feels like a better place. As the saying goes: When you smile, the world smiles with you; when you cry, you cry alone. Wearing a smile makes you more charming(迷⼈的)and helps you to win lots of friends. A goodmood（⼼情）always gives you hope, which makes trouble and problems easier to handle.No matter how happy you are, it?s normal to feel angry, sad or gloomy once in a while. Life is full of ups and downs. We can? t change the way life is, but we can do our best to change a bad situation into a good one. To help us do this, it?s good to know some of the factors（因素）that influence happiness.One of the biggest factors is social relationships. People who are close to family and friends are happier than people who don?t have those r elationships. Talking and sharing is a good way to relax and build confidence. Knowing someone is there for you will make you braver and more outgoing.Another factor is work or school. If you enjoy school, even if you have lots of homework or extra classes, you will feel that your school life is meaningful and happy. But if you hate school, your negative attitude（消极的态度）may cause you to feel bored and upset that you hate to do so much work.A third factor is your attitude towards life. How do you feel if you fail in an exam? Maybe you think it?s unfair because you always study and should have got a good mark. You can?t stop blaming（责备）yourself. Or, maybe you accept it. You go through the paper carefully, find out why you made stupid mistakes, and tell your self, “Take it easy! I?ll do better next time!”Your attitude makes a big difference.Do you smile a lot or wear a long face most of the time?1. Happiness is a feeling, isn?t it?____________, _____________________________________________________________.2. What makes you more charming and gives you hope?____________________________________________________________________________3. What does the underlined sentence mean according to paragraph 3?___________________________________________________________________________.4. What can we do when we can?t change the way life is?___________________________________________________________________________.5. How many factors influence happiness? What are they?__________________________________________________________________________.6. How do you make yourself happy in your daily life? Give an example.__________________________________________________________________________.Key:1. Yes, it is.2. Wearing a smile and a good mood.3. No matter how happy you are, it’s normal to feel angry, sad or gloomy once in awhile./There are happiness and sadness in our life.4. We can do our best to change a bad situation into a good one.5. Three. Social relationships, work or school and your attitude towards life.6. Any reasonable answer is ok.Answer the questions: (4)The first time I saw Jim Wooten I really understood him. He was a great TVnews reporter. When he was reporting in Rwanda, one heartbreaking momentmade a deep impression on me. When the camera showed all of the children whowere dying, suffered from terrible diseases, Jim ended his piece by saying thatwhen he got home, the first thing he was going to do was to put his arms aroundhis own children. Then I realized that he was diff erent, that he didn?t fall into anyof the modern television-news tricks, that he was not giving us any awful,artificial (假的) television-journalist reports out of（出于) pity. Instead, I waswatching a real reporter with a gift (天赋) for both words and slight differences.Then I read his book, We Are All the Same, about his friendship with Xolani Nkosi, a South African boy who became the international spokesman for AIDS (艾滋病). It is about the friendship between Wooten and a black child who was ten years old and already dying of AIDS. It is also a book about a great teacher and his student. But the teacher－the one with real wisdom and understanding about life－is the little boy, not the journalist. And, finally, it?s about a love story of Gail Johnson, Nkosi?s white mother who does her best to save the boy, and their love for each other. When reading the book, I felt touched from time to time.1. How did Jim Wooten feel when he saw the dying children in Rwanda?___________________________________________________________________.2. What would an ordinary journalist do on TV when he saw these dying children?_________________________________________________________________.3. How did Jim end his piece when he saw the dying children in Rwanda?_________________________________________________________________.4. Who is the teacher in the book, the little boy or the journalist?_________________________________________________________________.5. Why did Nkosi?s mother do everything possible to save the boy?_________________________________________________________________.6. What?s the writer?s attitude to Jim Wooten? How do you know that?_________________________________________________________________.Key: 1. He felt very sad./He was heartbroken2. He would give us some awful, artificial television-journalist reports out of pity./He would fall into some of the modern television-news tricks.3. By saying that when he got home, the first thing he was going to do was to put hisarms around his own children.4. The little boy. (1分题）5. Because she loved the boy./Because the boy was dying of AIDS.6. He respected Jim./He admired Jim. The writer wrote/mentioned that Jim was a great TV news reporter.（3分题）Answer the questions: (5)One morning, a blind boy sat on the steps of building with a hat by his feet. He held a sign which said, "I am blind, please help me."There were only a few coins in the hat. A man was walking by. He took out a few coins from his pocket and dropped them into the hat. He then took the sign, turned it around, and wrote some words on it. He put the sign back so that everyone who walked by could see the words.Soon the hat began to fill up. A lot more people were giving money to the blind boy. That afternoon the man who had changed the sign came to see how things were. The boy recognized his footsteps and asked, "Are you the one who changed my sign in the morning? What did you write?"The man said, "I only wrote the truth. I said what you said, but in a different way."What he had written was, "Today is a beautiful day, but I cannot see it."Do you think the first sign and second sign were saying the same thing?Of course both signs told people the boy was blind. But the first sign simply told people to help by putting some money in the hat. The second sign told people that they were able to enjoy the beauty of the day, but the boy could not enjoy it because he was blind.The first sign simply said the boy was blind, while the second sign told people they were so lucky that they were not blind. There are at least two lessons we can learn from this simple story.The first is: Treasure (珍惜) what you have. Someone else has less. Try your best to help those who need your help.The second is: Be creative (有创造⼒的). Think differently. There is always a better way！1. Who sat on the steps of a building asking for help?____________________________________________________________________________________ 2. A man wa lked by and gave the boy a few coins, didn?t he?____________________________________________________________________________________ 3. What did the man do to the boy?s sign?____________________________________________________________________________________ 4. What happened to the boy?s hat soon?____________________________________________________________________________________ 5. How did the man write the sign?____________________________________________________________________________________ 6. Which sign do you prefer, the first one or the second one? Why?____________________________________________________________________________________ Key:1. A blind boy.2. Yes he did.3. He turned it around and wrote some new words.4. The hat began to fill up.5. He wrote the truth, but in a different way.6. I prefer the seconed one.The first sign simply said the boy was blind, while the second sign toldpeople they were so lucky that they were not blind ,and it tell us to try our best to help those who need your help.One young excellent person was trying to find a high position in a big company. It was the director who would make the final decision.The director discovered that the young man did an excellent job in his college, which interested him a lot.The director asked, “Who paid for your college?”The young man answered, “My father passed away when I was one year old, so it was just my mother.”“What did your mother do?” The director seemed surprised.“She is a clothes cleaner,” the young man answered, with no feeling.“Have you ever helped your mother wash some clothes before?”“Never. My mother always wante d me to study and read more books. She could wash clothes faster than me,” the young man seemed puzzled (迷惑) when answering.“Well, now I need you to do something. When you go back home today, clean your mother?s hands and see me tomorrow.”The youth was happy when hearing this because he felt that his chance of getting the job was great. When he went home, he happily asked his mother to let him clean her hands. His mother felt strange but happy. With mixed feelings, she showed her hands to the kid.The young man cleaned his mother?s hands, with tears falling. It was the first time he noticed that his mother?s hands were so wrinkled (皱的), and there were so many wounds. This pair of hands enabled him to go through college. This pair of hands was the price that his mother had to pay for his life and his future. The next morning, the director asked the young man, “Now tell me what you learned yesterday.”After hearing what he said, the director knew the young man had learned his lesson. “This is the man whom I am looking for. We want you to be our member.”1. Did the young man do quite well in college?__________, ______________________________________________________________.2. Who paid for the young man?s college?________________________________________________________________________.3. Why hadn?t the young man helped clean the clothes before?________________________________________________________________________.4. What did the director ask the young man to do when he went back?_________________________________________________________________________.5. Why did the mother feel strange but happy when her son wanted to wash her hands?_________________________________________________________________________.6. The young man had learned his lesson. What can you learn from his lesson?_________________________________________________________________________.Key:1. Yes, he did.2. His mother.3. Because his mother always wanted him to study and read more books. His mother could wash clothes faster than him.4. To clean his mother’s hands.5. Because it was the first time his son cleaned her hands./Because his son never cleaned her hands before.6. (Any reasonable answer is OK.)Mr. Dawson was bad-tempered and everyone in town knew it. Kids knew not to go into his yard to pick an apple, because old Dawson, they said, would come after you with his gun.One Friday, 12-year-old Janet was walking out with her friend Amy. They had to go by Dawson?s house, but as they got close, Janet saw him sitting on his front porch and suggested they cross over the street. Like most, she was afraid of the man.Amy said not to worry. When they got close enough, Dawson looked up with his usual frown(皱眉)，but when he saw it was Amy, he gave a broad smile.Amy smiled back and told him Janet was staying overnight with her they were going to listen to music and play games. Dawson told them that sounded fun, and gave them each an apple.Later, Janet asked Amy, “Everyone says he isn?t generous. Actually he?s the meanest man in town. How come he was so nice to us?”Amy explained that when she first started walking past his house, he wasn?t very friendly, but she pretended he was wearing an invisible smile and so she always smiled. It took a while, but one day he half-smiled back.After a while, he started smiling real smiles and then talked to her. She said he always offers her an apple now, and is always very kind.“An invisible smile?” questioned Janet.“Yes,” answered Amy, “My grandma told me that if I pretended I wasn?t afraid and pretended he was smiling an invisible smile at me and I smiled back at him, sooner or later he would really smile.”If we remember that everyone wears an invisible smile, we too will find t hat most people can?t resist our smile after a while.It?s so easy to get caught up in everyday life that we forget how simply we can bring cheer to ourselves and others. Giving a smile takes so little effort; let?s make sure that we?re not the ones that others have to pretend are wearing invisible smiles.1. What did people in town think of Mr. Dawson?________________________________________________________.2. Why did Janet suggest they cross over the street?________________________________________________________.3. What did Mr. Dawson do after he saw Amy and Janet?He smiled and ____________________________________________.4. Mr. Dawson was not friendly to Amy when she first walked past his house, was he?________________________________________________________.5. How did Amy make Mr. Dawson nice to her?________________________________________________________.6. What can we learn from the story? What?s the best title of the passage?________________________________________________________.Key:1. They thought he was bad-tempered.2. Because she was afraid of Mr. Dawson.3. (He smiled and) gave them each an apple.4. No, he wasn’t.5. smiling all the time.6. (I think )we should be nice to others. Always keep smiling.Born on April 23, 1928, in Santa Monica, California, Shirley Temple was a leading child film actress in the 1930s. When her performance of the song "On the Good Ship Lollipop" became famous, she earned a special Academy Award. Temple took on some acting roles as an adult before entering politics, becoming a U.S. Diplomat (外交官) for the United Nations. She died on February 10, 2014, at age 85, in California. Child StarShirley Jane Temple was born to a banker and a housewife with two older children in California. When Temple was just three years old, she got a contract (合同) with Educational Pictures, making her first acting in a series of low-cost movies called "Baby Burlesques.""Baby Burlesques" led Temple to a contract with the Fox Film Corporation. When the young actress was six years old, she appeared in her first Hollywood film, Carolina. With Fox, Temple made a hit film Little Miss Marker. At that time, the young actress, singer and dancer with the golden curly hair and smiling face proved to be an overnight sensation (轰动) and a top earner for the studio.President Franklin D. Roosevelt called Temple "Little Miss Miracle" for raising the public's confidence and cheerfulness during the hard times. He said, "As long as our country has Shirley Temple, we will be all right." Temple?s song-and-dance to the tune "On the Good Ship Lollipop" in 1934 earned her a specialAcademy Award "Outstanding Personality of 1934".Grown-Up ActressWhen Shirley Temple began to grow older, she got less popular with audiences. As a teenager, she appeared in The Blue Bird (1940), which performed poorly at the box office. At age 19, she acted as Susan Turner in The Bachelor and the Bobby-Soxer with her friends Cary Grant and Myrna Loy. Though the film received some praise, audiences found it difficult to accept that their "Little Miss Miracle" was growing up.During the 1950s and early 1960s, she made a few appearances on the small screen, but her career (职业) as a popular film star had ended at an earlier age than most actors? had begun.1. What was Shirley Temple in the 1930s?________________________________________________________________________________2. How many members were there in Shirley Temple?s family after she was born?_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Her performance in “Baby Burlesques” didn?t help her get the contract with the Fox Film Corporation, did it?__________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Which film was the most successful one, Carolina, Little Miss Marker or The Blue Bird?__________________________________________________________________________________ 5. Why did President Franklin D. Roosevelt call Temple “Little Miss Miracle”?__________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What was the audiences? attitude towards Temple?s performance w hen she grew older? Why?__________________________________________________________________________________ Key:1. A leading child film actress / A child star.2. Five members in her family.3. Yes, it did.4. Little Miss Marker.5. Because she raised the public’s confidence and cheerfulness during the hard times.6. They found it difficult to accept … / She got less popular with her audiences. / …Because she di dn’t act as wellAnswer the questions: (9)Once upon a time, a greedy rich man hired a wise man. He wanted the wise man to find a way to make him even more money. The rich man was building a giant safe. And his greatest dream was to fill the safe with gold and jewels.The wise man thought about this problem for month s. Once night he appeared at the rich man?s house with a big smile on the face. He said, “I?ve done it! My calculations are perfect! You?ll be rich beyond your wildest dream” The rich man was very delighted to go on a long journey .He promised the wise man double pay to run his business for him.When the rich man returned, he found that all of his money was gone. Very angry, he asked the wise man to explain. The wise man told him he?d given everything away. The wise man said,” I analyzed (分析) how a single rich man could gain the biggest wealth. But it is limited how much one man can do by himself. Then I realized that many people could help us achieve our goal. By helping other people, you could gain most.”Disappointed and angry, the rich man went away. As he was walking, several neighbours saw him. All of them had their share when the wise man gave away the man?s wealth. They were so thankful that they welcomed him to their homes and offered anything he needed.Over the next few weeks,...1. Did the rich man ask a wise man to build a safe? (1分)__________________________________________________________2. Why did the rich man hire a wise man?__________________________________________________________3. What happened when the rich man returned from his journey?___________________________________________________________4. How could the rich man gain biggest wealth according to the wise man?__________________________________________________________5. How did the rich man feel after the wise man explained?__________________________________________________________6. Please add an ending (结尾）to the story (write at least three sentences)? (3分)__________________________________________________________Key:1. No, he didn’t.2. He wanted the wise man to find a way to make him even more money.3. He found all of his money was gone.4.(According to him, the rich man could gain biggest wealth) by helping other people.5. He felt disappointed and angry.6. Any reasonable answer is OK.Dear DavidThings are going great here in Cannes, France. I?m excited to be here. I have only been at the film festival for two days, but have already seen four films. When the films are not on at the cinema, I like to watch all the fashionable people down at the beach. Everywhere you look, there are famous film stars and directors. I saw three of my favourite stars walking around the festival yesterday. I was too nervous to talk to them, though.I did not realize that this festival was so old. It was first held in 1946. At this year?s festival, around twenty films are competing for the main prize, the Palme d’Or (⾦棕榈奖) . The films are from all around the world—Europe, Asia, North America, Africa…Some of the people who choose the winner this year are also great actors and directors.There are a lot of excellent Hollywood films as well, though they are not considered for prizes. There are so many different types of films, and lots of them are from countries which are not famous for the film-making business. For someone who loves films like me, this is Heaven!。
2014上海市各区高三英语二模整理汇编【十一选十】
（1）虹口Officials at Boston College have made what may be a critical decision: they’ve stopped giving out new email accounts to incoming students. The officials realized that the students had already established digital 41 by the time they entered college, so the new email addresses were just not being used, but, 42 , the college will offer forwarding (转发) services.Starting next year, freshman 43 at Boston College won’t be given an actual email account complete with login and inbox, just an email address. This address, in the format of****************will simply forward mail to the student’s already 44 inbox, be it Gmail, Windows Live Mail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, or whatever else they may be using.The college reached a smart decision after first looking into outsourcing(外包) their email to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for 45 reasons more than anything, we can easily imagine this as being the start of a new trend.Can you even imagine a U.S. college student who didn’t have an email address of their own by the time they w e r e a f r e s h m a n?I t’s46u n h e a r d o f.T o d a y’s s t u d e n t s a r e d i g i t a l 47 immersed (浸润) in technology from the day they were born. It simply doesn’t make sense to give them yet another account to manage when they enter college.By going this 48 , there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a student who changes their email carrier will probably forget to 49 the institution to the change and could then miss out on 50 messages from the university with regard to their courses, scholarship, safety information, etc.In the end, we think the decision Boston College made could easily be the start of a new trend. We’re sure the students like it, too.（2When US’ Duke University second-year student Christian Drappi sees someone using a Square (an electronic payment service) credit card reader, he pulls out his phone, takes a picture and uploads it to Twitter. “It kind of spreads like __41__ through Twitter,” said Drappi, who is a campus brand representative for Squa re.Companies are __42__ using college campus brand representatives to spread the word about their products. These representatives often rely on word-of-mouth tools like social media to __43__ the company and any promotional events they host.Though the brand representative is no stranger to the college marketing scene, social media are changing how these representatives __44__ with students of their same age and how effectively their message is communicated. Companies like Red Bull, Microsoft and Twitter all have campus representatives __45__ to spreading good news about the brand.“Campus representatives approach students groups, local merchants and other prospective users to demonstrate how the card reader works and its advantages over __46__ mach ines.” Adam Bassett, who runs the Square U program said.Cord Silverstein, executive vice president of interactive communications at the Raleigh advertising agency Capstrat, said, “Social media have made it easier than ever for college students to share opinions on a productwith their friends. Someone’s friend, someone they __47__, like a student or a professor, these people are having much greater influence on what college students think, like and don’t like, because they trust their opinions.”When looking at representative __48__, McCarthy, who heads the campus representative program for Square, said the company looks for __49__ students who are social-media understanding. “Three or four years ago, brand representatives on campus were a(n) __50__ idea. Now companies have them everywhere. There’s only so much mindshare to capture.” McCathy emphasized.（3）静杨青宝Americans know the benefits of having a healthy diet. In school, children learn to eat a variety of healthy foods. People grow up aware of the value of __41__ calories. They hear about the health dangers of chemicals added to __42__ food. They realize they shouldn’t eat too many sweets or fats. Many American consumers read __43__ carefully for nutrition information. That way they can compare products and eat the best foods.Keeping fit — or maybe getting in shape — is often high on the list of New Year’s resolutions for Americans. In the past two decades, fitness has become a fashion. Many Americans have joined health clubs to work out with __44__ equipment. Sports stores sell sports shoes and clothing for every possible exercise __45__. People can even buy weights and equipment and set up their own exercise center at home!Statistics give health experts good reason to be disappointed. Americans exercise less than they used to. The number of people taking part in fitness activities __46__ from 41.7 million in 1991 to only 32 million in 1993. Among high school students, only 37 percent __47__ three times per week. However, 70 percent of teenagers watch at least an hour of TV every day, and 38 percent watch over three hours. As a result, the __48__ American gained eight pounds during the 1980’s. At least one-third of Americans weigh 20 percent more than their ideal weight.Still, by many __49__, Americans enjoy good health. Medical care in the United States, while expensive, is among the best in the world. The U.S. Government __50__ strict food inspections to ensure that food is of the highest quality. Food producers must label products accurately. Many resources, such as magazines, TV programs and even the Internet, allow people to find out how to improve their health. Americans know how to make themselves more healthy. They just need to do it.(4)浦东wide variety of tissues, including bits of lung, kidney and heart muscle. Now the world’s first publicly traded 3D bio-printing company is getting ____41____ for production. In January slices of human liver tissue were ____42____ to an outside laboratory for testing. These ____43____ take about 30 minutes to produce, says Keith Murphy, the firm’s chief executive Later this year Organovo aims to begin commercial sales.The invention of 3D printing provided a technology now ____44____ to manufacture everything from aircraft parts to body parts. But the ____45____ of 3D bio-printing is even brighter:to create human tissues for research, drug development and testing, and ____46____ as replacement organs, such as a kidney, for patients desperately in need of ____47____. Bio-printed organs could be made from patients’ own cells and thus would not be ____48____ by their immune systems. They could also be manufactured on demand.At present only a few of companies are trying to ____49____ the production of bio-printed tissues. ButThomas Boland, an early pioneer in the field, says that plenty of others are interested. He also estimates that about 80 teams at research institutions around the world are now trying to print ____50____ small pieces of tissues such as skin,blood vessels, liver, lung and heart. “It’s a wonderful technology to build three-dimensional biological structures,” says Gabor Forgacs, who co-founded Organovo in 2007.(5) 普陀It is A. achieved B. authority C. available D. code E. dominated F. educationalG. opinions H. matters I. related J. representatives K. symbolizationimportant that students’ feelings, opinions and suggestions are listened to, taken into account, and that the right action is taken. There are a number of ways that this can be __41__, i.e. school councils, year councils and peer mentoring.School councilsMost schools have a school council which exists to let the teachers and head teacher know what students’__42__ are on a range of school issues. The school council usually consists of two or three elected __43__ from each year group.A school council might meet once or twice a month to discuss issues such as the dress __44__, the use of social areas, charity fundraising and bullying.Year councilsBecause school councils are sometimes __45__ by older students, some schools have introduced year councils. The aim of a year council is to give students the opportunity to express opinions on __46__ of importance to that particular year group. The following is an example of the rules relating to a school’s council for year 8 (pupils aged 12-13).The head of year will attend all council meetings as an observer and both they and the other year staff will be __47__ as required to offer support and advice to council members and to assist in the settlement of arguments.Peer mentoringThere are other ways in which students’ voices can be heard. One of the most popular schemes involves peer mentoring. Those who express an interest receive training to become mentors(导师) so that they are better equipped to help others. This starts from primary school age, when the mentors may get involved in issues __48__ to conflict resolution. At secondary school and at university, mentors are likely to deal with a larger variety of issues, such as __49__ and health-related matters.The belief in schemes like these is that being heard by your peers can be more effective and helpful as fellow students may have more time and understanding than teachers or others in __50__.（6）徐汇松江金山A. reassuresB. wellC. distinguishD. encounterE. objectsF. inoffensiveG. revealsH. afterwardsI. implicationJ. genuineK. unpleasantTelling Tales“Here’s a nice bit of gossip!”Do I have your attention? Probably. Welisten, but 41______ we often feel terrible with ourselves. That’s the problemwith gossip: it’s something that as a social species we are primed to enjoy, but itcan also be 42______ and harmful.Not all gossip is bad. Small talk establishes relationships and 43______ the other person that our intentions are friendly. So gossip, in the sense of exchanging bits and pieces of news about ourselves and others, can be perfectly 44______. If I say to you, “L et’s meet for coffee and have a bit of a gossip,”I’m inviting you to a social 45______ in which two people chew the fat. There is nothing wrong with that: life would be very dull if we were unable to talk about what goes on around us.But it’s not that simple. If we say that somebody is a gossip, we do not mean that he or she enjoys gentle social chat: it carries a crueler 46______. A true gossip enjoys spreading stories about other people --- stories in which others do not usually come out 47______. The gossip is one who spreads bad gossip; good gossip is still fine, but it’s not what gossips spread. The distinction between good and bad gossip is not always clear. It would be easy if we could 48______ the two by saying that bad gossip is just about people; but innocent gossip may be about people too. The best way to tell the difference is to look at the intention behind the remarks. Bad gossip 49______ itself in its desire to make the 50______ of the story look foolish. It also intrudes on their privacy. So we all know the difference.Now then, did you hear about ...（7）闸北eating ice cream in the streets after midnight as doing so is now ___41___.A new law was passed by Milan’s city council banning the sale of take-away food and drinks after midnight in some districts which are famous for their nightlife ___42___. The purpose of this unusual move is, according to the city council, to discourage night gathering in downtown areas.The law inevitably has given rise to a number of protests, accusing that the government has ___43___ people’s normal lives. However, if you take into consideration the country’s ___44___ economy and its high unemployment rate, the local government’s fear of ‘night assembling’may be reasonable.In fact, Milan’s law is only the strangest of a host of restrictions on nightlife that have ___45___ up in European cities recently. Madrid’s city center was declared a ‘low-noise zone’last September and the city council has been refusing to ___46___ bar and club licenses ever since.Why do European cities deal so strictly with nightlife? I t may be because Europe’s population is getting older and can no longer ___47___ late night activities within the neighborhood.In the past, bars and clubs bloomed in European city centers, which were ___48___ to working class populations. But gradually, these people began to move out of the city centers and into the suburbs. Only the wealthy and the upper-class people can afford to live in ___49___ centers now. But these people don’t go to bars and clubs to socialize. Instead, they consider fun-seekers who wander in their neighborhoods annoying. They also worry that bars and clubs will make their neighborhoods less ___50___ and devalue their housing property.（8）长宁嘉定Rain forests, found in Earth’s temperate and tropical(热带的) zones, are some of the most biologically varied ecosystems on the planet. All rain forests share certain ___41___ features, including a closed canopy, the dense vegetation of the top branches that forms a roof above the forest floor, a damp and warm climate, and ___42___ constant temperatures throughout the year. Most of the forest’s insect and animal life grows well in thecanopy’s leafy and sunlit environment. The forest’s groundcover, by comparison, is small. Less than 2 percent of the sun’s light makes its way through the canopy and the darkness below. This darkness, along with the poor quality of the soils, ___43___ plant growth.Rain forests are a(n) ___44___ part of Earth’s total ecology. Huge amounts of water are absorbed into tree roots and ___45___ into the atmosphere from the tree leaves through a process called transpiration (蒸发). Tree roots also fix the soil in place and slow the runoff of rains into rivers and oceans. Through the process of photosynthesis(光合作用), rain forests absorb more carbon dioxide and give off more oxygen than any other ecosystem.The rain forests are ___46___ shrinking at a rapid rate as a result of the profitable ventures of farming, logging, and mining. When tropical rain forests are ___47___ in order to raise cattle and crops, the nutrient-poor soils are quickly ___48___. When farmers move on to new areas, heavy rains and baking sun leave the land fruitless and lifeless. Logging and mining cause similar damage to the land and destroy the territory of ___49___ millions of birds, insects and animals. By some ___50___, an area of tropical rain forest the size of the state of Delaware disappears in this way every month.（9A new report by the World Health Organization (WHO) reveals that around one in a hundred deaths worldwide is due to passive smoking, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a year.In the first study to assess the global __41__ of second-hand smoke, WHO experts find that children are more __42__ exposed to second-hand smoke than any other age-group, and around 165,000 of them a year die because of it.Children’s exposure to second-hand smoke is most likely to happen at home, and the double blow of infectious diseases and tobacco seems to be a deadly __43__ for children in these regions. Commenting on the findings, Heather Wipfli and Jonathan Samet from the University of Southern California, said policymakers try to __44__ families to stop smoking in the home.While deaths due to passive smoking in children were skewed (曲解) toward poor and middle-income countries, deaths in adults were __45__ across countries at all income levels.In Europe’s high-income countries, only 71 child deaths occurred, while 35,388 deaths were in adults. Yet in the countries like Africa, an estimated 43,375 deaths due to passive smoking were in children __46__ with 9,514 in adults.Only 7.4 percent of the world population currently lives in places with __47__ smoke-free laws, and those laws are not always __48__ enforced (施行). In places where smoke-free rules are __49__, research shows that exposure to second-hand smoke in high-risk places like bars and restaurants can be cut by 90 percent, and in general by 60 percent, the researchers said.Studies also show such laws help to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by smokers and lead to higher __50__ rates in those trying to quit.Which came first, the chicken or the egg? This question has remained unsolved for hundreds of years, yet soon it might not be a problem anymore —the egg of the future may not 41 a chicken at all.But if not from a chicken, where will the egg come from? Apparently, a plant is one of the possibilities, as Hampton Creek, a food technology company in San Francisco, US, has found. They created a 42 for eggs,called Beyond Eggs, using a mixture of 11 plants, including sunflowers and a variety of beans.Unlike the image you might now have in your mind, Beyond Eggs look nothing like 43 eggs. They are sold as gray powder that you mix with water before cooking. But the final product tastes just like the real thing.But the question is, why 44 with “plant eggs”? What’s the problem with ordinary eggs?The truth is that 99 percent of our eggs come from industrial warehouses (养鸡场仓库) where chickens are crowded into cages too small for them to even spread their wings. This cruelty is what 45 Hampton Creek to carry out the Beyond Eggs project in the first place.In addition, the cages where chickens are kept so close together are a hotbed for viruses. To help the chickens stay healthy, farmers feed them antibiotics (抗生素), which may cause dangerous bacteria to grow 46 to the drugs and 47 spread to humans through eggs and meat.In fact, 48 the egg is not a new idea, but Beyond Eggs seems to be the most successful attempt so far.Besides their great taste and eco-friendliness, Beyond Eggs provide the same nutritional 49 as real eggs, and they’re even healthier since they don’t contain cholesterol (胆固醇). The company also 50 that the cost of their products is around 19 percent less than real eggs, which makes them more affordable.（11）闵行“In wilderness is the preservation of the world.” This is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. The frequency with which it is borrowed41 a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.As John Sauven of Greenpeace UK points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. The 42 to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation brings to such landscapes is real. Some of these wildernesses also perform43 that humans need—the rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities.Lee Lane, a visiting fellow at the Hudson Institute, takes the 44 view. He acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. But that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human 45 , or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. There are ever more people on the Earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for 46 . While the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. If they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no 47 reason not to do so. Being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.I look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being 48 by the other participants. One opinion is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. And there is a 49 question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.This is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. What position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously50 much more serious thinking.虹口：41. C 42. F 43. J 44. G 45. D 46. H 47. B 48. I 49. E 50. K黄浦：41 – 45 KEHFB 46 – 50 JIACG静杨青宝41-50 DHAGE FIBKC浦东：普陀：41. A 42. G 43. J 44. D 45. E 46. H 47. C 48. I 49. F 50. B徐汇：41. H 42. K 43. A 44. F 45. D 46. I 47. B 48. C 49. G 50. E 闸北：41-45 E F K H A 46-50 D J B I C长宁嘉定：41-45 F G K D J 46-50 I H B A E崇明：41. C 42. J 43. I 44. K 45. B 46. F 47. A 48. H 49.E 50.G奉贤：41—45 I E A G C 46—50 J B K D H闵行：41. E 42. H 43. B 44. J 45. I 46. K 47. G 48. A 49. F 50. D。
上海市长宁区2014届高三英语一模试卷(含答案)
2013学年长宁区第一学期高三英语质量检测试卷第I卷（共103分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. In a bookstore. B. In a grocery.C. In a stationery shop.D. In a shopping mall.2. A. Diner and waitress. B. Librarian and reader.C. Ticket seller and customer.D. Teacher and student.3. A. She is not hungry. B. She wants to dine out.C. She doesn’t like cooking.D. She feels awful today.4. A. The postcard has been lost. B. The man will go to the post office.C. The local post office is closed.D. The woman is expecting a postcard.5. A. To a bank. B. To Macao.C. To a travel agency.D. To a gymnasium.6. A. There will be too many people at the party.B. He feels sorry that the woman is not coming.C. It makes people happier to have more parties.D. The woman can bring her brother to the party.7. A. The man is extremely fond of traveling.B. The woman has taken many pictures at the contest.C. The man admires the woman’s talent in writing.D. The woman is an experienced photographer.8. A. The new dress is for warm weather. B. The new dress makes her look cool.C. She doesn’t like cold wea ther at all.D. She bought the dress when it was warm.9. A. A nice hair-style. B. An old photo.C. A wonderful wedding.D. An unforgettable friend.10. A. She could hardly find the truth. B. She doesn’t agree with the man.C. She is good at finding a place to stay.D. She had no travel experience in Russia.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. International Nurses’ Day. B. World No Tobacco Day.C. International Workers’ Day.D. National Chocolate Chip Day.12. A. May’s brilliant green jewel stands for constant love.B. Workers started to fight for 8 hours labor back in the 1800s.C. Chocolate chip cookies are usually made for the people you love.D. May’s flower, the Lily of the Valley represents happiness and pure love.13. A. The Merry Month of May. B. Month Flower and Jewel of May.C. Food Celebrations in May.D. No Cigarettes in May.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. He invented the way of blood transfusion (输血).B. He solved the problem of dangerous blood transfusion.C. He found a couple of new blood types of human beings.D. He discovered the relation between blood types and personalities.15. A. Loyal but anxious. B. Logical but changeable.C. Creative but selfish.D. Ambitious but inflexible.16. A. Modest. B. Neutral. C. Disapproval. D. Supportive.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)One day I heard two girls talking about making net friends in a café. One said that she (25) ______ (meet) one of her net friends and the other told her not to because most people found their net friends (26) ______ (disappoint) in real life.We all know it is quite common now that many teenagers, especially (27) ______ from one-child families, like to make net friends and spend lots of time chatting with them because they need someone to talk with and share their sorrow and happiness. However, is it wise for them to do so?In my opinion, it is possible for you to find some real good friends with the help of new technology but you (28) ______ ______ take care. When you talk with someone unknown on the Internet, you have no idea at all what kind of person he is and (29) ______ he is telling you the truth. Besides we can’t deny that some bad guys mask themselves very well so that they can get many nice people (30) ______ (trap). So, you’re taking the risk of meeting your net friends (31) ______ you get any idea about him. In a word, you can never be too careful when meeting your net friends.(B)Perhaps one aspect of modern life which is most often considered ‘annoying’ is noise. According to some estimates, the amount of urban noise (32) ______ (double) in the past ten years, and with the increase in road and air traffic, noise is likely to increase too.Noise quite clearly affects the health of modern man. It is a health threat. Loud noise (33) ______ (say)to be a leading cause of deafness among many people over 65. It is also a major (34) ______ (contribute) factor in causing stress, (35) ______ itself causes a variety of illnesses.Noise is sometimes associated with lack of communication in the modern world. In many busy shops, factories and nightclubs, (36) ______ level and constancy of noise make conversation at a natural level difficult or impossible.Certain people in society, such as motorcyclists, seem to believe they have a right (37) ______ (make) as much noise as they like without being fined. Do they?We are so trained to noise in this modern world (38) ______ people growing up with little (39) ______ no experience of genuine peace and quiet have begun to associate silence with boredom. Isn’t it time for us to start teaching young people that silence is golden and that you can do a lot of interesting things (40) ______ the accompaniment of noise?Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Beyond two or three days, the world’s best weather forecasts are based on guesswork, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather — and to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and snowstorms —any ___41___ fails rapidly. Errors and uncertainties ___42___, gathering upward through a chain of unstable features, from dust devils (尘旋风) and windstorms up to continent-size eddies (旋风) ___43___ satellites can see.The modern weather models work with a network of points of the order of sixty miles apart, and even so, some ___44___ data has to be guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors spaced one foot apart, rising at one-foot ___45___ all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly ___46___ readings of temperature, pressure, dampness, and any other quantity a meteorologist (气象工作者) would want. Exactly at noon a(n) ___47___ powerful computer takes all the data and ___48___ what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 12.02, then 12.03 …The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will have sun or rain on a day one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will ___49___ alterations that the computer will not know about, tiny variations from the ___50___. By 12.01, those alterations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have multiplied to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C andD. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Ecotourism is a combination of ecology (the study of systems of living things) and tourism. It is ___51___ “responsible travel to natural areas that preserves the environment and improves the welfare of the local people” by the International Ecotourism Society. Actually, ecotourism can mean travel to far-off places of great natural beauty, but not always in a(n) ___52___ way. It’s a big business, and the attraction of money can cause people to think about ___53___ first. While ecotourism offers benefits to people and ecosystems, it leaves ecosystems open to negative effects, too.Costa Rica, once a Spanish colony, and independent since 1821, has an ecotourism industry worth over one billion dollars yearly, and thousands of jobs have been ___54___. Nearly 21 percent of the land is now protected national parks, ___55___ thanks to ecotourism. Nevertheless, due to the number of people visiting the country’s natural places, some damage to the ecosystem has occurred.While ___56___ can have a negative impact on ecosystems, the same areas might have been ___57___ by industries such as farming, logging, or mining if there were no ecotourism industry. Shelters (庇护所) have been created ___58___, keeping the ecosystem protected. And, by visiting beautiful rainforests and seeing rare animals, visitors get a sense of their ___59___, and of gratitude for them. Tour guides can also be educators who train people to love and care for the environment. Visitors can take these ___60___ with them to their home countries.Unfortunately, while their effect may not be ___61___ in the off-season, the constant parade of visitors in the high season can be damaging. At one national park in Costa Rica, wild monkeys now feed on garbage left by the tourists. ___62___, ecotourists tend to seek out places with the rarest animals and plants, ___63___ the most delicate living things.It is easy to be critical of the ecotourism industry, but it is important to be ___64___ as well. Ecotourism can never be “pure”. We can’t expect zero negative effects on the ecosystem. It is also ___65___ to suppose that humans won’t go anywhere accessible to them. If protection efforts are maintained and increased, those remaining places of undisturbed nature may be stressed, but they won’t be destroyed.51. A. defined as B. made up of C. applied to D. combined with52. A. attractive B. natural C. different D. responsible53. A. effects B. nature C. profits D. economy54. A. lost B. created C. abandoned D. shifted55. A. mainly B. comparatively C. unfortunately D. barely56. A. tourists B. environment C. manufacturers D. politics57. A. fertilized B. destroyed C. reserved D. stimulated58. A. equally B. regularly C. instead D. though59. A. freedom B. hardness C. welfare D. value60. A. ecosystems B. lessons C. animals D. trainers61. A. uncertain B. noticeable C. healthy D. special62. A. For instance B. On the contrary C. In addition D. As a whole63. A. appreciating B. discovering C. sheltering D. pressuring64. A. positive B. creative C. effective D. sensitive65. A. feasible B. reasonable C. unrealistic D. inevitableSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)When I was young, it wasn’t the parental love that filled my thoughts in the spring. It was baseball.I loved everything about the game — the crack of a bat, the excitement of chasing a ground ball across short green grass, even watching the games on our old black-and-white TV. Yet looking back now, nothing was quite as important to me as the annual ritual (老规矩) of playing catch with my dad.Dad was never much of a baseball fan, but as green leaves began to shoot on bare branches and warmth returned to the air, he would grab his old mitt (棒球手套) and head out to the yard with me just the same. There was something beneficial about playing catch with him, the hum of the ball as it sailed through the air, and the friendly pop as it hit the leather netting. We may have been 50 feet apart, but the flight of that ball connected us, forming as strong a relationship as any father-son talk ever could have.I was never the star of my Little League team, yet Dad never cared about that. Every year, he would be out there, waiting to field any false throw I sent his way.As I grew older, I realized that our game was a reflection of our relationship — that even if a problem didn’t involve a glove and a ball, Dad would always be there to handle anything I threw in his direction. His devotion to our springtime ritual showed his devotion to me — not only to my love of baseballl but also to my life.I’ve often heard it said that “the devil is in the details.” Now I realize that in my relationship with my father, love was in the details.66. When the author was young, he didn’t care much about ______.A. the sound of hitting a ballB. the company of his fatherC. the joy of running after a ballD. the games broadcast on TV67. The author’s father practiced catching baseball with him on warm spring days, ______.A. having a father-son conversation with himB. killing time while doing some physical exerciseC. making him an excellent baseball playerD. giving him a guiding hand in his life68. We can learn from the passage that ______.A. a yearly celebration was held to start their spring baseball catching ritualB. the author and his father used to have a loose relationship with each otherC. the author fully realized his father’s love for him when he was youngD. the author’s father always stood by him whenever he was in trouble69. What is the passage mainly about?A. The same hobby shared between the author and his father.B. The way the author and his father used to spend spring days.C. The author’s sweet memory of his father’s love for him.D. The analysis made by the author about father-son relationship.70. Where does the passage most probably come from?A. An Apple Store leaflet.B. Apple Website.C. A textbook of app designing.D. A science magazine.71. Which of the following best summarizes the feature of Powerful apps for iPad mini?A. An amazingly clear display.B. Beautifully designed and combined.C. Well performing your daily routine.D. A super killer and greater battery saver.72. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A. An A7 chip installed, iPad mini with Retina display is more battery consuming.B. Having an iPad mini with Retina display, you can do more in more places.C. iOS7 with many new features is only designed for iPad mini with Retina display.D. Order an iPad mini with Retina display online then collect it at your favorite retail store.73. Who would be the potential readers of the passage?A. Apple product fans.B. App software developers.C. Apple product sellers.D. Information technology engineers.(C)The term culture now is more used to describe everything from the fine arts to the outlook of a business group or a sports team. In its original sense, however, culture includes all identifying aspects of a racial group, nation, or empire: its physical environment, history, and traditions, its social rules and economic structure, and its religious beliefs and arts.The central beliefs and customs of a group are handed down from one generation to another. It is for this reason that most people regard culture as learned rather than innate. People acquire a culture because they are not born with one. The process by which a person develops a taste for regional foods, accented speech, or an outlook on the world over time, therefore, is known as enculturation (文化适应).Cultures are often identified by their symbols —images that are familiar and coated with meaning. Totem poles(图腾柱) carved with animals and creative figures suggest aspects of the Native Americanpeoples of the Pacific Northwest but more literally represent specific tribes (部落). In Asia and India, the color of yellow is connected with temples while in ancient China it was a color only the emperor’s family was allowed to wear. Thus, different cultures may respond to a symbol quite differently. For example, to some a flag may represent pride, historical accomplishments, or ideals; to others, however, it can mean danger or oppression.To individuals unfamiliar with cultures outside their own, the beliefs, behaviors, and artistic expression of other groups can seem strange and even threatening. A society that ranks all other cultures against its own standards is considered to be ethnocentric(from the Greek ethnos, meaning “people,”and kentros, meaning “center”). A strongly ethnocentric society assumes also that what is different from its own culture is likely to be inferior and, possibly, wrong or evil.All people are ethnocentric to some degree, and some aspects of ethnocentrism, such as national pride, contribute to a well-functioning society. An appreciation for one’s own culture, however, does not prevent acceptance and respect for another culture. History documents the long-term vigour and success of multicultural groups in which people from numerous and various cultural backgrounds live and work together. Extreme ethnocentrism, in contrast, can lead to racism — the belief that it is race and racial origin that account for variations in human character or ability and that one’s own race is superior to all others.74. What does the word “innate” in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A. Instinctive.B. Developed.C. Believable.D. Cultivated.75. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Different interpretations of a symbol help to distinguish one culture from another.B. An ethnocentric country opens welcoming arms to cultures different from its own.C. Culture consists of some positive features of a racial group, nation or empire.D. People from various cultural backgrounds often reach an agreement on some image.76. What can be inferred from the passage?A. All aspects of ethnocentrism can produce negative effects on a society.B. Racism is unlikely to bring about serious conflicts among different cultures.C. Respect and acceptance of different cultures are a proper cultural attitude.D. Countries with a strong sense of national pride play a superior role in the world.77. Which might be the best title of the passage?A. Culture, the origin of racial superiorityB. Culture, a faithful mirror of historyC. Culture, the vigour of world developmentD. Culture, a distinctive identity of a nationSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Some of the most popular programmes on British television, all with their regular millions of loyal viewers, are ‘soaps’ such as Coronation Street, Eastenders and Emmerdale. (A ‘soap’ is an informal word for a ‘soap opera’, which is a television story, in daily or weekly episodes (连续剧集), about the daily lives of the characters in it.)In every soap there is comedy and tragedy, and storylines of all kinds. In every soap there is the inevitable gossip, and there is the essential character who brings misfortune on himself — or herself, the spiteful woman who hates the success of her sister in marrying a man with money and whose childish behavior splits the family.To some degree, of course, the regular episodes provide many people with an adult kind of comic, rather like Dickens’ serialized novels did. At times, the actions and characters in them seem quite realistic; at other times, they go to the other extreme and show actions that look as if they are straight from the pen of the best fiction writers. But perhaps the fall into clearly fictional comedy or tragedy is necessary to remind regular viewers that their daily amount of ‘soap’ is no more and no less than a shot of fiction, and that the characters are not real.Certainly life is never dull in a soap. If one of the adolescents buys a motorbike and a young child lives round the corner, you can bet the two will meet in an accident. If two people fall in love and get married, you can be sure that a friend will cast an insult on the character of one of them, enough to break up the marriage. After all, this is not life; this is a soap! Reality makes way for fiction. The viewers who think that they are watching even a reflection of reality only bring disappointment to themselves. But there are still viewers who follow the comings and goings of the characters on screen with unreasoning faith, believing that the events are real when characters are injured or ill, or even die, and send cards or flowers with best wishes, congratulations or sympathies.What many of us find difficult to understand is just why soaps have become so popular?(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. Coronation Street, Eastenders and Emmerdale are popular British soaps which ______.79. What are the two necessary elements of a soap opera?80. The regular viewers need to be reminded that the soap operas are ______.81. What do some TV viewers do when they are mad about the soaps?第II卷（共47分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 每年圣诞期间百货店里的商品都减价出售。