2012届上海市虹口区高三下学期教学质量监控测试卷(二模,理数,有答案)
上海市虹口区2012届高三教学质量监控测试卷地理试题(2012虹口二模)
上海市虹口区2012届高三4月教学质量监控（二模）地理试题一、选择题（共50分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确答案）（一）读南极洲图。
错误！未指定书签。
．图中a、b、c、d四个科学考察站中，离上海最近的是A．a B．bC．c D．d错误！未指定书签。
．在南极冰盖最高点DOME-A进行天文观测的优势有①可连续观测时间长②大气稀薄、干燥、洁净③海拔高，离太阳近④风速小，大气湍动少A．①②③B．①②④C．②③④D．①③④（二）甲、乙两地之间有3条道路。
图中3条曲线分别代表3条道路沿道路所经路线海拔高度发生变化的情况。
错误！未指定书签。
．在对应的地形剖面图上可以看出A．道路③为甲、乙两地间的最短距离B．道路②经过甲、乙两地间的海拔最高点C．道路①经过甲、乙两地间的海拔最高点D．道路③可能跨过桥梁错误！未指定书签。
．在3条道路中，从甲到乙行进，最适合骑自行车的是A．道路③B．道路②C．道路①D．道路①和②（三）中国邮政发行“中国民居”特种邮票，这些民居建筑与当地的自然环境有很大的关系。
①②③错误！未指定书签。
．民居建筑与所在地域文化区对应正确的是A．①——江南水乡文化区，②——青藏高原文化区，③——东北黑土文化区B．①——华北平原文化区，②——华南妈祖文化区，③——新疆荒漠—绿洲文化区C．①——四川盆地文化区，②——黄土高原文化区，③——华北平原文化区D．①——黄土高原文化区，②——云贵高原文化区，③——内蒙古草原文化区错误！未指定书签。
．民居建筑所在地域文化区的特征，描述正确的是A．①——信天游，②——泼水节，③——马头琴B．①——评剧，②——粤剧，③——川剧C．①——面食，②——糌粑，③——阿以旺D．①——细腻柔美，②——豪放粗犷，③——泼辣幽默（四）右图是以极点为中心的50°纬线图，图中数字表示经度数，P~Q和M~N的劣弧为陆地。
错误！未指定书签。
．Q点附近冬季的盛行风向是A．西南风B．东北风C．东南风D．西北风错误！未指定书签。
上海市虹口区2012届高三教学质量监控测试卷政治试题
上海市虹口区2012年政治学科高考练习题2012.4 考生注意：1．考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。
2．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求。
所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。
3．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写学校、班级、姓名、学号。
一、单项选择题（共42分，每题2分，每题只能选一个选项）1．新华社2012年2月1日受权发布中央一号文件《中共中央、国务院关于推进一一持续增强农产品供给保障能力的若干意见》A．农业生产创新 B。
农业科技创新C．农业产品增产 D．农业水利发展2. 2012年2月14日，中共中央、国务院举行国家科学技术奖励大会，胡锦涛为获得2011年度国家最高科学技术奖的科学家颁奖。
这两个科学家是①王振义②吴孟超③谢家麟④吴良镛A．①② B．①③ C．②③ D．③④3. 2011年6月21日，第六十五届联合国大会通过安理会对现任秘书长的连任推荐，其第二个5年任期自2012年1月1日起。
联合国的现任秘书长是A．瓦尔德海姆 B．科菲·安南C．潘基文 D．布特罗斯·加利4. 2011年10月26日，联合国人口基金会在全球发布2011年世界人口状况报告称，10月底世界人口达到A．70亿 B．65亿C．60亿 D．55亿5. 2011年12月召开的中央经济工作会议，提出明年经济社会发展工作总基调是稳中求进。
对“稳”的全面正确理解，就是要保持①宏观经济政策基本稳定②经济平稳较快发展③物价总水平基本稳定④社会大局稳定A．①②③④ B．①②③C．②③ D．④6. 2011年12月，在钱学森诞辰1 00周年之际，钱学森图书馆正式开馆。
钱学森图书馆坐落在A．北京图书馆 B．北京清华大学C．上海图书馆 D．上海交通大学7. 2012年1月1日起，《行政强制法》、《车船税法》等一批新的法律法规开始施行。
这体现了A．民主是社会主义建设的重要目标B．我国社会主义法制建设的不断加强C．我国的政治制度建设进入了一个新的发展阶段D．执法必严是加强社会主义法制的中心环节8. 2011年是我国县乡人大换届选举年，19个省市已完成换届选举。
上海市虹口区2012届高三教学质量监控测试卷英语试题
虹口区2012年英语学科高考练习题2012.4考生注意：1. 本试卷分为第Ⅰ卷（第1-11页）和第Ⅱ卷（12页）两部分。
全卷共12页。
满分150分。
考试时间120分钟。
2. 答第I卷前，考生务必在答题卡上用钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名和准考证号，并用铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写准考证号。
3. 第I卷（1-16小题，25-80小题）由机器阅卷，答案必须全部涂写在答题卡上。
考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用铅笔涂黑。
注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
答案不能涂写在试卷上，涂写在试卷上一律不给分。
第I卷中的第17-24小题、81-84小题和第II卷的试题，其答案用钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题卡上，如用铅笔答题，或写在试卷上也一律不给分。
第I卷（105分）I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. The man is forgetful.B. She wants to buy this washing-machine.C. This is the first time that the man has talked about the new kind of machine.D. The man indicated that he liked this new type of washing-machine.2. A. In the cinema. B. In the lab.C. In the zoo.D. In the school.3. A. She will be upset probably.B. She is pleased with their move.C. She feels a little disappointed.D. Moving to the south is better than moving to the north.4. A. Where the orange juice could be found.B. How to make fresh orange juice.C. To pass a small glass of orange juice to him.D. If the woman would like to have some orange juice.5. A. To quit basketball.B. To give the reason for giving up basketball.C. To go on playing basketball in spite of the failure.D. To take part in another game.6. A. He’s a chairman. B. He’s a doctor.C. He’s a professor.D. He’s a carpenter.7. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Neighbors.C. Doctor and patient.D. Colleagues.8. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. More than three.9. A. He did not do homework at night. B. He had trained too much before.C. He had no sports facilities.D. He came back home late.10. A. 482-3351. B. 428-5531. C. 428-1135. D. 482-5531.Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. About one kilogram. B. About fifty kilograms.C. More than fifty kilograms.D. As many as fifty kilograms.12. A. 2,000 years ago. B. In 1100. C. In 1500. D. In 1900.13. A. They are so poor that they can only buy paper boots.B. There are no other kinds of boots there.C. Paper boots are warmer than any other boots there.D. Paper boots are so nice that they don’t like anything else.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. In the San Francisco area. B. On the island of Nimi.C. In the Pacific Ocean.D. Along the US coast.15. A. The earthquake was serious.B. New earthquakes are not expected.C. An island was destroyed by the earthquake.D. The earthquake was mild.16. A. They will be in high intensity.B. They will occur along the coast.C. Earthquakes of unknown intensity will occur there.D. They are predicated 100 miles away.Section CDirections: In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.(A)Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. Girls are said to be more diligent and attentive at school, who score well ______ average inmost subjects.A. overB. onC. ofD. above26. Harry never enjoys visiting large cities because he thinks one such city is much like ______.A. anotherB. the otherC. the othersD. others27. Tony is a quiet boy and he is accustomed ______ at meals, which is always appreciated.A. not to talkB. to not talkC. to not talkingD. not to talking28. -- Do you think Jack will lend us a hand?-- He is the last one to help others. He ______ lend his hand, though．A. canB. mustC. mightD. should29. Mike and Bob both did very well in the competition, but the former is ______ of the two.A. more talentedB. the most talentedC. most talentedD. the more talented30. He must have been punished by his parents yesterday for what he had done, ______?A. mustn’t heB. wasn’t heC. didn’t heD. ha dn’t he31. Among those presents ______ an iPad that his father gave him for his birthday.A. have includedB. is includedC. has includedD. are included32. ______ wondering which way to take, the little boy behaved like a real gentleman whocomforted his sister from time to time.A. LeavingB. Having leftC. To leaveD. Left33. Shanghai now increases the supply of smaller houses, ______ to help low–income families tobuy houses of their own.A. aimedB. being aimedC. aimingD. having aimed34. Tropical rainforests ______ down and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from theearth in the near future.A. are being cutB. are cutC. cutD. had been cut35. you can’t make great progress in the language learning has something to do with yourvocabulary.A. WhetherB. ThatC. IfD. What36. You are sure to be successful in the job market ______ you make yourself better known to theinterviewer.A. even ifB. thoughC. untilD. once37. Jimmy came back early last night. It was not yet eight o’clock ______ he got home.A. beforeB. thatC. whenD. until38. Many skilled workers were organized to clear away ______ remained of the World Expo site.A. whatB. whenC. whichD. where39. The old man took the policemen back to the same place ______ he had witnessed the robbery.A. thatB. whereC. asD. when40. People hope the new measures ______ house prices, taken by the government, will succeed.A. to controlB. controlledC. controllingD. having controlledSection BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only beThe net plays another, more active, role on the linguistic（语言学的）front, a role that is 41overlooked by many people who believe English victory is on the go. Since the advent (来临) of World Wide Web, many minority 42，those spoken by single nations or ethnic groups, have enjoyed a dramatic upsurge(急剧上升)in vitality. Many such tongues were 43 endangered just a decade ago. Late-century mobility and economic currents were taking more and more speakers out of their communities and away from fellow speakers. Languages were 44 at an alarming rate.Like biological extinction, linguistic extinction is a serious loss for all of humankind. Languages are some of the 45ways people maintain their culture and are crucial to understanding other cultures. When fewer and fewer people share a 46language, it may die, and when it does, part of our collective human culture dies with it．Surprisingly, though, the Internet has become a valuable tool for 47 endangered languages. Speakers of these languages not only have been particularly active in putting up web pages in their various languages, but also in mounting(配置) 48effective, large-scale dictionary and language-learning projects online. There is no reason why minority languages cannot live together with a common social language like English. Indeed, the Internet offers more hope for their 49than they have ever known before, especially as translation tools become more effective.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The past 20 years have produced great advances in technology and communications. 50, people throughout the world have become ever more connected. The 51link between the nations and people of the world is called globalization. It is a 52that has changed ways of life around the world.Perhaps the biggest change in this process is the effect of globalization on commerce. In an effort to build a 53economy, most nations of the world have embraced (拥抱) free trade. Free trade removes certain limits imposed (强加) on global commerce to make it easier for nations to exchange goods with one another. A 54aim of this process is to aid poor nations and thus reduce 55. Globalization has indeed increased trade throughout the world, but experts disagree about its effect on the poor.The debate about recent trends in global commerce is complex. Those 56free trade in the global market point out that competition lowers prices. Its critics argue that, without controls, such a system often harms poor nations. To some extent, both are 57. For example, in Jamaica, a country which imported milk from the United States and the 58milk was cheaper than local milk, more poor people could drink milk and improve their nutrition. At the same time, the cheaper milk put 59dairy farmers out of business. Perhaps this program caused as muchh a r m a s60.Those who support free trade in the global market do so for a number of reasons. Studies show that when a poor nation begins trading on the global level, it gains certain 61. Its economy grows rapidly. Multinational companies set up factories, 62jobs for people. Supporters claim that these factors reduce poverty and lessen the gap between the richest and poorest nations. They believe that the globalizing trend benefits the poor.Critics of unrestricted free trade question these conclusions. Although they 63that the global market can offer growth and jobs to poor nations, they doubt that it reduces poverty. In fact, they cite (引述) studies which show that poverty has increased as a result of the global market.64, the gap between rich and poor nations is growing.Regardless of which side they are on, most experts believe that globalization has great potential to aid the poor. Both sides need to find a way to make it work.50. A. In conclusion B. In particular C. As a result D. On the contrary51. A. growing B. starting C. moving D. reducing52. A. culture B. trend C. belief D. potential53. A. regional B. national C. practical D. global54. A. steadier B. further C. tougher D. stricter55. A. profit B. conflict C. poverty D. expense56. A. attracting B. altering C. opposing D. supporting57. A. correct B. inevitable C. necessary D. effective58. A. required B. produced C. imported D. exported59. A. economical B. local C. traditional D. social60. A. sacrifice B. satisfaction C. convenience D. good61. A. benefits B. varieties C. opportunities D. budgets62. A. influencing B. arranging C. providing D. applying63. A. ensure B. assume C. argue D. agree64. A. In addition B. First of all C. In that case D. On averageSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I wa s a clothes addict,” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clothes --- khaki pants and sports shirt --- to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States. The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday). This became known as “dress -down Friday” o r “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative (保守的) dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers say that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale (士气). Only 4 percent of employers say that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”65. David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict,” because ______.A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirtB. he couldn’t stand a clean appea ranceC. he wanted his clothes to look neat all the timeD. he didn’t want to spend much money on clothes66. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ______.A. they make him feel at ease when workingB. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothesC. he looks attractive in casual clothesD. he no longer works in that company67. According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Company workers started to dress down at work about twenty years ago.B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.C. “Dress -down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to attract people.68. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned in the passageexcept ______.A. saving employees’ moneyB. making employees more attractiveC. improving employees’ motivationD. making employees happier(B)The prestigious (享有声望的)Nobel prizes were announced in twin ceremonies in Stockholm and Oslo. Here is a look at this year ’s winners and their work.2010 Nobel Prize in Literature Winner: Mario Vargas Llosa (Peru) — “A divinely (极好地Mario Vargas Llosa RobertWinners: Andre Geim and KonstantinAndre Geim KonstantinNovoselov传导的) and able toreveal new secrets of fundamental physics.Akira Suzuki Ei-ichi Negishi Richard69. We can know from the passage that ______.A. The Time of the Hero was widely acceptedB.Mario Vargas Llosa only has a gift for novelsC. Mario Vargas Llosa ran for president of PeruD. The Time of the Hero was based on some officers’ experiences70. The technology of test-tube baby _______.A. is a breakthrough in medicine but now out-datedB. helps Robert Edwards win the Nobel Prize in physiologyC. has led to 4 million babies’ coming into the worldD. is linked to human egg removal and fertilization in a human body71. We can conclude from the passage that ______.A. the 2010 Nobel Chemistry Prize winners bring benefits to all aspects of lifeB. palladium-catalyzed reactions are widely used in drugs for fighting diseasesC. The two Russian scientists have published their book Detectors of Carbon’s New FaceD. the amazing discovery of grapheme has been known to all for a long time(C)There are a couple of ways to forecast the destructive potential of a hurricane (飓风) so that people in the way can take adequate precautions (预防措施). Satellite images of cloud patterns can be analyzed to estimate peak wind speeds, but the estimates are often way off the mark. Specialized aircraft can fly into a storm to measure the winds directly, but the flights are costly.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology come up with a third way: listening to a storm underwater.In a paper to be published in Geophysical Research Letters, Nicholas C. Makris and a former graduate student, Joshua D. Wilson, report a strong connection between the intensity(强度) of sound recorded by an undersea microphone in the mid-Atlantic and the wind power of a hurricane that passed over it. They say that such microphones, known as hydrophones, could be a safe and relatively inexpensive means of estimating hurricane force.Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson, who are now with Applied Physical Sciences Corporation, worked out the theory of underwater acoustic (声音的) monitoring of storms in a 2005 paper. “To be very frank with you, it’s a mystery what makes storms noisy underwater.” Dr. Makris said. The most popular idea currently is that it has something to do with oscillating air bubbles (气泡振动).The researchers then went looking for experimental data to back their theory, and found it from a hydrophone placed at a depth of 2,500 feet by the National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration. It happened that Hurricane Gert passed over the area in September 1999, and a hurricane-hunter plane directly measured the wind speed at the same time. The hydrophone data showed sound intensity risi ng when the storm’s outside wind “wall” passed over, and again when the inside wall, the most destructive part of the storm near the eye, passed over. “We got a beautiful connection,” Dr. Makris said, “between the hydrophone data and the actual wind speeds as measured by the aircraft.”Dr. Makris is conducting additional experiments, working with the Mexican Navy off the west coast of Mexico. The eventual goal, he said, would be permanent hydrophones in known hurricane zones or temporary ones that could be easily laid by plane or ship in the path of a coming storm.72. Compared with the traditional methods, the new way of measuring is_____.A. more expensiveB. more directC. less dangerousD. less accurate73. Which statement is WRONG according to the article?A. The scientists gained support from different fields.B. Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson have figured out what makes storms noisy underwater.C. The scientists have found the relationship between the changes of sound intensity and theforce of the hurricane.D. There are several ways for people to forecast the force of the coming hurricane.74. Why is Dr. Makris now making other experiments with the help of the Mexican Navy off thewest coast of Mexico?A. To place permanent hydrophones in some zones.B. To collect more images of cloud patterns.C. To be secure in carrying out their experiments.D. To get more information from the hurricane-hunter planes.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Ways to Stop the Destructive Force of a HurricaneB. Connection between the Intensity of Sound and the Wind Power of a HurricaneC. Hydrophones, Safe but Expensive Means of Estimating Hurricane ForceD. Measuring a Hurricane by Sound UnderwaterSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.Today, the Internet is in a few cars; tomorrow, broadband(宽带) will be in all of them. Any capability a personal computer has, a car will have, including two –way wireless communicationsfor receiving e–mail, music, and movies. When you’re crossing the lonely place, the kids can watch TV if they’re bored. Every pas senger will have a video feed.77.Every car will have a self –driving system linked to GPS satellites. Radar sensors (传感器) will track nearby cars. On the freeway, they’ll slow your car when the car ahead of you slows; in town, they’ll help you park without hitting other cars. At rush hour, you’ll get the routes around traffic jams and accidents. The self –driving system in a car makes it possible for the car to drive itself, though some scientists say that’s 30 to 40 years off.78.Motor vehicles today represent 20 to 30 percent of the world’s energy use. In the near future, a small gasoline engine and an electric motor will be brought together. Drivers will use electricity in a storage battery for short distances. Longer term, cars might burn hydrogen or use a fuel cell that converts a fuel like hydrogen and combines it with oxygen to create power. Then the waste will be pure water.79. You’ll use the voice control: “Make it a bit cooler” or “find me country music”. Lighter, more reliable electronic controls replace mechanical controls. Fiber optics (光纤) replace electrical wires and light bulbs. Seats will be air –conditioned. The car will travel with one side higher than the other when turning, just as an airplane does now.80. Cars will avoid some accidents by maintaining safe following distances, and by sensing sleepy or drunk drivers. Air bags will adapt for every passenger according to their size, weight, and position in case accidents happen.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements inthe fewest possible words.From bankers to factory staff, employees in the west face the bleak prospect (暗淡的前景) of losing their jobs as a global recession (衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times, which will stop unemployment and may help keep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports.The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility.“In the Confucian (儒家的) attitude, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas(然而) in the W est, it’s more about the individual survival,” said Michael Benotlel, associate d professor of organizational behavior at Singapore Management University.Steven Pang, Asian Regional Director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was a responsibility “ to take care of the members of the family and go through the pain together” even if that meant causing losses.US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand. But at the Asian units of Western multinationals, job cuts will probably be less severe.Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 per cent in January, while Hong Kong’s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals (对手) from abroad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What caused the different practices of Asian and Western firms facing the global recession?82. Why is it easier for the East Asian firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn?83. Firms in the west would lay off workers when facing a bleak prospect because of ______.84. ______ will make the differences in East and West less noticeable.第Ⅱ卷（共45分）I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1、她的责任心值得称道。
上海市虹口区2012届高三教学质量监控测试卷语文试题(2012虹口二模)
洋过海流传到了日本等国.
（出示课件）今有雉（兔）同笼，上有三十五头，下有九十四足，问雉兔各几何？
师：大家可知“上有三十五头”是什么意思？“下有九十四足”是指什么？
生1：雉和兔一共35只。
生2：94足是指鸡腿加上兔腿一共94条。
师：说得很好，下面那位同学能解决这个有趣的问题呢？
设计意图：多媒体展示"鸡兔同笼"问题后，说明该问题是古代著名的"难题"，以此激发学生解决问题的好奇心；提
算术解法不足：思维笨拙些
生2：老师，我 用一元一次方程求解
解：设有鸡只，则有兔只,
根据题意，得：
所以有鸡23只，兔12只.
小结：一元一次方程解法优点： 思维便捷些.
一元一次方程解法不足：计算较复杂.
生3：老师，我用二元一次方程组求解：
解：设有鸡只，兔只，则
①×2,得
学过程的趣味性、实践性；利用多媒体课件和实物等丰富学生的学习资源，生动活泼地展示所学内容；强调学生的动脑
思考和主动参与，通过丰富多彩的集体讨论、小组活动，以合作学习促自主探究．
课前准备：
制作课件，多媒体的运作，细绳一条，学生课前进行相关预习工作．
教学过程
一、创设情境，引入课题
《孙子算经》是我国古代一部较为普及的算书,许多问题浅显有趣,其中下卷第31题”雉兔同笼”流传尤为广泛,飘
每人六两少五两， 问你多少人数多少银？ 让学生独立的完成，然后互批，教师出示答案。 设计意图：通过随堂练习，让学生熟练有关“以绳测井”类似古文应用题的求解过程。 效果：学生熟练了列方程组解应用题的步骤. 三、自主归纳，学后反思 师：通过今天的学习大家从以下几个方面谈一谈有什么收获。 1．通过前面几个题，你对列方程组解决实际问题的方法和步骤掌握的怎样？ 2．这里面应该注意的是什么？关键是什么？ 3．通过今天的学习，你能不能解决求两个量的问题？（可以用二元一次方程组解决的。 4． 列二元一次方程组解决实际问题的主要步骤是什么？ 学生畅所欲言，互相补充自我小结，自我反馈，从而构建起自己的知识结构，形成自己的见解。 说明：通过以上四个问题，学生基本上掌握了列二元一次方程组解决实际问题的方法和步骤，可启发学生说出自己 的心得体会及疑问. 设计意图：引导学生自己小结本节课的知识要点及数学方法，使知识系统化. 说明：还可以建议有条件的学生去读一读《孙子算经》，可以在网上查，找出自己喜欢的问题，互相出题；同位的 同学还可互相编题考察对方；还可以设置"我为老师出难题"活动，每人编一道题，给老师，老师再提出："谁来帮我解 难题"，以此激发学生的学习兴趣和信心。 四、课堂检测，评价测试 1．小刚有5角硬币和1元硬币各若干枚，币值共有六元五角，设5角有枚，1元有枚，列出方程为 _____________. 2．某车间有工人54人，每人平均每天加工轴杆15个或轴承24个，一个轴杆与两个轴承配成一套.若分配个工人加工 轴杆，个工人加工轴承，正好使每天加工的产品成套，则可列方程组为 . 3.有一群鸽子，其中一部分在树上欢歌，另一部分在地上觅食.树上的一只鸽子对地上觅食的鸽子说：“若从你们 中飞上来一只，则树下的鸽子是整个鸽群的三分之一；若从树上飞下去一只，则树上、树下鸽子就一样多了.”你知道 树上、树下各有多少只鸽子吗？ 教师鼓励学生到黑板前演示，其他同学在练习本上完成。 8分钟后，同学们停止答题，抬头看黑板。 （1）更正 师：同学们，下面给大家2分钟时间，找出黑板上的错误，提出不同解法，2分钟后看哪些同学能勇敢地上黑板更正 或发表自己的不同见解.（学生找错误并更正） （2）讨论 第1、3题学生做得比较好。 第2题做起来有些困难，学生审题不清，一个轴杆与两个轴承配成一套是什么意思.向学生强调审题的重要性，并要 提示学生：轴杆与轴承的倍数关系。组织学生交流，讨论. （3）互批��
虹口区三模卷(2012届)
虹口区2012年5月高三年级物 理 练 习 试 卷2012.5考生注意：1．本试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
本卷g 均取10m/s 2。
2．答卷前，考生务必在答题卡和答题纸上用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名、学号，并用2B 铅笔在答题卡上正确涂写学号。
3．1～20小题由机器阅卷，答案涂写在答题卡上，21～33小题由人工阅卷，答案写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上的一律不给分。
填涂答题卡时，考生应将代表正确答案的小方格用2B 铅笔涂黑，注意试题题号和答题卡编号一一对应，不能错位。
答案需要更改时，必须将原选项用橡皮擦去，重新选择。
一．单项选择题（共16分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确选项。
答案涂写在答题卡上。
） 1．有关物理学史的描述，下列说法中正确的是 （ ） （A ）伽利略通过实验证实了力是维持物体运动的原因 （B ）牛顿认为经典力学同样适用于接近光速运动的物体 （C ）安培最早发现磁场对电流可以产生力的作用（D ）奥斯特最早研究电磁感应现象，并发现感应电动势与磁通量变化率成正比2．右图为光电效应的实验装置图。
用一束紫外光照射原先不带电的锌板，验电器的指针发生一定的偏转，则下列说法中正确的是 （ ） （A ）紫外光照射锌板很长时间后才能有光电子逸出（B ）产生光电效应时，验电器上带负电（C ）从锌板上飞出光电子的最大初动能与光子的频率成正比（D ）单位时间内从锌板逸出光电子的数目与紫外光的强度成正比3．如图所示，电子束经过窄缝后，穿过特制的晶体材料，在涂有荧光的底板上观察到明暗相间的圆环。
这是1927年戴维逊和革末完成的非常著名的实验，二人因此荣获了诺贝尔物理学奖，关于此项实验的论述，下列说法中正确的是 （ ） （A ）明暗相间的圆环是电子形成的衍射条纹 （B ）亮条纹是电子到达概率小的地方 （C ）此项实验证实了电子具有粒子性 （D ）电子所具有的波动性与机械波没有区别4．下列现象中与静电无关．．的是 （ ） （A ）电视机工作时，屏幕表面很容易吸附灰尘 （B ）磁铁吸引铁钉（C ）雷电现象 （D ）毛织地毯中夹有不锈钢导电纤维5．从下列物理规律中演绎出“质量是物体惯性大小的量度”这一结论的规律是 （ ） （A ）机械能守恒定律 （B ）牛顿第一定律 （C ）牛顿第二定律 （D ）牛顿第三定律6．如图是观察水波衍射的实验装置，AB 和CD 是两块挡板，BC 是两块挡板之间的空隙，O为水验电器 锌板 紫外光灯波的波源，图中已画出波源附近区域波的传播情况，实线波纹表示波峰。
2012届上海市虹口区高三下学期教学质量监控测试卷(物理)二模
虹口区2012年物理学科高考练习题2012.4考生注意：1．本试卷共33题，10页。
满分150分，考试时间120分钟。
本卷g 均取10m/s 2。
2．答卷前，考生务必在试卷和答题纸上用蓝色或黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔清楚填写学校、班级、姓名、学号，并用2B 铅笔在答题纸上正确涂写学号。
3．全部试题的答案必须写在答题纸上，写在试卷上的答案一律不给分。
考生应将1～20题中代表正确答案的小方格用2B 铅笔涂黑， 21～33题的答案必须写在答题纸的指定位置，注意试题题号与答题纸上的编号一一对应，不能错位．．．．，不能．．超出规．．．定区域．．．！答案需要更改时，必须用橡皮擦去原先答案，在规定位置重新作答。
4.第30、31、32、33题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。
只写出最后答案，而未写出主要演算过程的，不能得分。
有关物理量的数值计算问题，答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
一、单项选择题（共16分，每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确选项。
）1．有关固体和液体，下列说法中正确的是 （ ）（A ）固体分为晶体和非晶体，其中晶体的光学性质是各向同性的（B ）组成晶体的物质微粒在空间整齐排列成“空间点阵”（C ）液体的物理性质表现出各向异性（D ）液体具有流动性是因为液体分子具有固定的平衡位置2．关于α射线、β射线和γ射线，下列说法中正确的是 （ ）（A ）α射线在物质中穿透本领最大（B ）原子核中的质子衰变产生了β粒子（C ）γ射线是高频率电磁波（D ）γ射线的电离本领最大3．卢瑟福在1919年以α粒子)He (42撞击氮原子核)N (147，产生核反应。
该反应生成两种粒子，其中一种为178O，则另一种粒子为 （ ） （A ）电子 （B ）中子 （C ）质子 （D ）氘核4．关于卡文迪许扭秤实验对物理学的贡献，下列说法中正确的是 （ ）（A ）发现了万有引力的存在 （B ）解决了微小距离的测定问题（C ）开创了用实验研究物理的科学方法 （D ）验证了万有引力定律的正确性5．关于恒星的描述，下列说法中正确的是 （ ）（A ）质量越大的恒星，寿命越短（B ）质量越大的恒星，寿命越长（C ）表面温度比太阳高的恒星呈现出比太阳稍红的颜色（D ）表面温度比太阳低的恒星呈现出比太阳稍蓝的颜色6．关于我国现已建成的核电站，下列说法中正确说法是 （ ）（A ）发电的能量来自于天然放射性元素衰变放出的能量（B ）发电的能量来自于重核裂变放出的能量（C ）当控制棒插入反应堆的深度增大时链式反应速度加快（D ）当控制棒插入反应堆的深度减小时链式反应速度减慢7．如图所示，电流从A 点分两路通过对称的半圆支路汇合于B 点，在圆环中心O 处的磁感应强度（ ）（A ）方向垂直于纸面向外 （B ）方向垂直于纸而向里（C ）大小为零 （D ）无法确定8．下列单位与磁感应强度单位不．相符．．的是 （ ） （A ）Wb/m 2 （B ）J·s/m 2 （C ）N/A·m （D ）N·s/C·m二、单项选择题（共24分，每小题3分。
2012虹口二模答案
2012年虹口区中考数学模拟练习卷答案要点与评分标准说明：1．解答只列出试题的一种或几种解法．如果考生的解法与所列解法不同，可参照解答中评分标准相应评分；2．第一、二大题若无特别说明，每题评分只有满分或零分；3．第三大题中各题右端所注分数，表示考生正确做对这一步应得分数；4．评阅试卷，要坚持每题评阅到底，不能因考生解答中出现错误而中断对本题的评阅．如果考生的解答在某一步出现错误，影响后继部分而未改变本题的内容和难度，视影响的程度决定后继部分的给分，但原则上不超过后继部分应得分数的一半； 5．评分时，给分或扣分均以1分为基本单位．一、选择题：（本大题共6题，满分24分）1．A ； 2．B ； 3．C ； 4．D ； 5．B ； 6．C ．二、填空题：（本大题共12题，满分48分）7．2(3)(3)x x +-； 8．2； 9．12122,1,1, 2.x x y y ==-⎧⎧⎨⎨=-=⎩⎩； 10．1x =-； 11．2y x =-； 12．(1,0)-； 13．12； 14．11+22a b -；15．45； 16．10； 17．240； 18．或．三、解答题：（本大题共7题，满分78分） 19．解：原式=2213++-……………………………………………………（8分） =0 …………………………………………………………………………………（2分）20．解法1：去分母，得：2(1)(33)2(1)x x x x x -++=+， ………………………（2分）整理，得：24830x x ++= …………………………………………………………（3分）解这个方程，得： 1213,22x x =-=-． …………………………………………（4分） 经检验，1213,22x x =-=-都是原方程的根.所以，原方程的根是1213,22x x =-=-．…………………………………………（1分）解法2：设1xy x =+， 则原方程可化为：32y y-=………………………………………………………（1分）整理，得：2230y y --=…………………………………………………………（2分） 解这个方程，得123,1y y ==-……………………………………………………（2分）当3y =时，31xx =+ 解得32x =- ………………………………………（2分）当1y =-时，11xx -=+ 解得12x =- ………………………………………（2分）经检验，1213,22x x =-=-都是原方程的根.所以，原方程的根是1213,22x x =-=-．………………………………………（1分）21．解：联结OA ，联结OD 交AB 于点E ……………………………………………………（1分）∵ AD BD= ∴OD ⊥AB , AB=2AE …………………………………………………（2分） 在Rt △ADE 中，1tan 2DE DAB AE ∠== 设DE=x ,AE=2x ，……………………………………………………………………（1分） 则OE=5- x 在Rt △AOE 中，222AO OE AE =+∴2225(5)(2)x x =-+ ……………………………………………………………（2分） 解得：122,0x x ==（舍去）………………………………………………………（1分） ∴DE=2，AB=2AE=8…………………………………………………………………（1分） ∴8216ABCD S =⨯= ………………………………………………………………（2分）即 ABC D 的面积为16 22．解：（1）25，6次；……………………………………………………………………（4分） （2）图略；………………………………………………………………………………（3分） （3）8731259025++⨯=（人）． 答：该校125名九年级男生约有90人体能达标．……………………………（3分）23． 证明：（1）∵ED ∥BC∴GB GCGE GA=……………………………………………………………………………（1分） ∵GB 2 =GE ·GF ∴GB GFGE GB=∴GF GC GB GA= ……………………………………………………………………………（2分） ∴AB ∥CF 即AB //CD …………………………………………………………………（2分） 又∵ED ∥BC∴四边形ABCD 为平行四边形…………………………………………………………（1分）（2）联结BD 交AC 于点O ………………………………………………………………（1分）∵四边形ABCD 为平行四边形∴BO=DO ，………………………………………………………………………………（2分） ∵GB=GD ∴OG ⊥BD 即AC ⊥BD ………………………………………………（2分）又∵四边形ABCD 为平行四边形∴四边形ABCD 为菱形…………………………………………………………………（1分）24．解:（1）抛物线的对称轴为直线1x =- …………………………………………（3分）（2）把A （-3，0）和B （1，0）分别代入2(0)y ax bx c a =++≠得：0930a b ca b c =-+⎧⎨=++⎩解得：3c a =-……………………………………………（3分）∴3OC a =………………………………………………………………………（1分） （3）当∠ACB =90°时，易得△AOC ∽△BOC∴23OC OB OA =⋅=∴OC = …………………………………………（1分）∴0C 或（， ①a ＞0时，c ＜0∵∠ACB 不小于90°∴0c ≤<………………………………………（1分） ∵c ＝－3a∴0a <≤………………………………………………………（1分） ②a ＜0时，c ＞0∵∠ACB 不小于90°∴0c <≤（1分） ∵c=－3a∴0a ≤<………………………………………………………（1分）所以，综上述，知：0a ≤<或0a <≤.25．解：（1）当120CMF ∠=︒时，可求得：30BMO ∠=︒ …………………………（2分） ∴Rt MOB ∆中，cot 30MB OB =⋅︒= ……………………………（2分）（2）联结ON ，可证：ANO ∆≌1B NO ∆ ∴1AON B ON ∠=∠，1AN NB = 又∵1MOB MOB ∠=∠ ∴90NOM ∠=︒又190OB M B ∠=∠=︒∴可证：1MBO ∆∽1OB N ∆ ∴2111OB MB NB =⋅又1=MB MB x =，12OB OB == ∴212x NB =⋅ ∴14NB x =∴4AN x=……………………………………（2分） ∵AD AB ⊥ ∴90DAB ∠=︒ 又90B ∠=︒ ∴//AD BC∴CMF ∆∽ANF ∆∴22441444CMF ANF C CM x x x x x C AN x∆∆--====-+ ∴214y x x =-+ (04)x <<………………………………………………（2分，1分）（3）由题意知：45EAO C ∠=∠=︒∵△FMC ∽△AEO ∴只有两种情况：FMC AEO ∠=∠或FMC AOE ∠=∠①当FMC AEO ∠=∠时，有CFM AOE ∠=∠又可证：AOE OMB FMO ∠=∠=∠ ∴CFM FMO ∠=∠ ∴//OM AC ∴45OMB C ∠=∠=︒∴Rt MOB ∆中，cot 452MB OB =⋅︒=………………………………………（2分） ②当FMC AOE ∠=∠时，∵AOE OMB OMF ∠=∠=∠ ∴60CMF OMF OMB ∠=∠=∠=︒∴Rt MOB ∆中，cot 60MB OB =⋅︒=………………………………（2分） 所以，综上述，知2BM =或BM =……………………………………（1分）。
2012年上海虹口区高考英语二模试题及答案
2012年上海虹口区高考英语二模试题及答案I. Listening ComprehensionSection A1. A. The man is forgetful.B. She wants to buy this washing-machine.C. This is the first time that the man has talked about the new kind of machine.D. The man indicated that he liked this new type of washing-machine.2. A. In the cinema. B. In the lab.C. In the zoo.D. In the school.3. A. She will be upset probably.B. She is pleased with their move.C. She feels a little disappointed.D. Moving to the south is better than moving to the north.4. A. Where the orange juice could be found.B. How to make fresh orange juice.C. To pass a small glass of orange juice to him.D. If the woman would like to have some orange juice.5. A. To quit basketball.B. To give the reason for giving up basketball.C. To go on playing basketball in spite of the failure.D. To take part in another game.6. A. He’s a chairman. B. He’s a doctor.C. He’s a professor.D. He’s a carpenter.7. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Neighbors.C. Doctor and patient.D. Colleagues.8. A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. More than three.9. A. He did not do homework at night. B. He had trained too much before.C. He had no sports facilities.D. He came back home late.10. A. 482-3351. B. 428-5531. C. 428-1135. D. 482-5531. Section BQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. About one kilogram. B. About fifty kilograms.C. More than fifty kilograms.D. As many as fifty kilograms.12. A. 2,000 years a go. B. In 1100. C. In 1500. D. In 1900.13. A. They are so poor that they can only buy paper boots.B. There are no other kinds of boots there.C. Paper boots are warmer than any other boots there.D. Paper boots are so nice that they don’t like anything else.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. In the San Francisco area. B. On the island of Nimi.C. In the Pacific Ocean.D. Along the US coast.15. A. The earthquake was serious.B. New earthquakes are not expected.C. An island was destroyed by the earthquake.D. The earthquake was mild.16. A. They will be in high intensity.B. They will occur along the coast.C. Earthquakes of unknown intensity will occur there.D. They are predicated 100 miles away.Section CBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation. Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A25. Girls are said to be more diligent and attentive at school, who score well ______ average in most subjects.A. overB. onC. ofD. above26. Harry never enjoys visiting large cities because he thinks one such city is much like ______.A. anotherB. the otherC. the othersD. others27. Tony is a quiet boy and he is accustomed ______ at meals, which is always appreciated.A. not to talkB. to not talkC. to not talkingD. not to talking28. -- Do you think Jack will lend us a hand?-- He is the last one to help others. He ______ lend his hand, though．A. canB. mustC. mightD. should29. Mike and Bob both did very well in the competition, but the former is ______ of the two.A. more talentedB. the most talentedC. most talentedD. the more talented30. He must have been punished by his parents yesterday for what he had done, ______?A. mustn’t heB. wasn’t heC. di dn’t heD. hadn’t he31. Among those presents ______ an iPad that his father gave him for his birthday.A. have includedB. is includedC. has includedD. are included32. ______ wondering which way to take, the little boy behaved like a real gentleman who comforted his sister from time to time.A. LeavingB. Having leftC. To leaveD. Left33. Shanghainow increases the supply of smaller houses, ______ to help low–income families to buy houses of their own.A. aimedB. being aimedC. aimingD. having aimed34. Tropical rainforests ______ down and burned at such a speed that they will disappear from the earth in the near future.A. are being cutB. are cutC. cutD. had been cut35.you can’t make great progress in the language learning has something to do with your vocabulary.A. WhetherB. ThatC. IfD. What36. You are sure to be successful in the job market ______ you make yourself better known to the interviewer.A. even ifB. thoughC. untilD. once37. Jimmy came back early last night. It was not yet eight o’clock ______ he got home.A. beforeB. thatC. whenD. until38. Many skilled workers were organized to clear away ______ remained of the World Expo site.A. whatB. whenC. whichD. where39. The old man took the policemen back to the same place ______ he had witnessed the robbery.A. thatB. whereC. asD. when40. People hope the new measures ______ house prices, taken by the government, will succeed.A. to controlB. controlledC. controllingD. having controlledSection B“True creativity often starts where language ends.”----Arthur KoestlerThe net plays another, more active, role on the linguistic（语言学的）front, a role that is41overlooked by many people who believe English victory is on the go. Since the advent (来临) of World Wide Web, many minority 42，those spoken by single nations or ethnic groups, have enjoyed a dramatic upsurge(急剧上升)in vitality. Many such tongues were 43 endangered just a decade ago. Late-century mobility and economic currents were taking more and more speakers out of their communities and away from fellow speakers. Languages were 44 at an alarming rate.Like biological extinction, linguistic extinction is a serious loss for all of humankind. Languages are some of the 45 ways people maintain their culture and are crucial to understanding other cultures. When fewer and fewer people share a 46 language, it may die, and when it does, part of our collective human culture dies with it．Surprisingly, though, the Internet has become a valuable tool for 47 endangered languages. Speakers of these languages not only have been particularly active in putting up web pages in their various languages, but also in mounting (配置) 48 effective, large-scale dictionary and language-learning projects online. There is no reason why minority languages cannot live together with a common social language like English. Indeed, the Internet offers more hope for their 49than they have ever known before, especially as translation tools become more effective.III. Reading ComprehensionSection AThe past 20 years have produced great advances in technology and communications. 50, people throughout the world have become ever more connected. The 51link between the nations and people of the world is called globalization. It is a 52that has changed ways oflife around the world.Perhaps the biggest change in this process is the effect of globalization on commerce. In an effort to build a 53economy, most nations of the world have embraced (拥抱) free trade. Free trade removes certain limits imposed (强加) on global commerce to make it easier for nations to exchange goods with one another. A 54aim of this process is to aid poor nations and thus reduce 55. Globalization has indeed increased trade throughout the world, but experts disagree about its effect on the poor.The debate about recent trends in global commerce is complex. Those 56free trade in the global market point out that competition lowers prices. Its critics argue that, without controls, such a system often harms poor nations. To some extent, both are 57. For example, in Jamaica, a country which imported milk from the United States and the 58milk was cheaper than local milk, more poor people could drink milk and improve their nutrition. At the same time, the cheaper milk put 59dairy farmers out of business. Perhaps this program caused as much harm as 60.Those who support free trade in the global market do so for a number of reasons. Studies show that when a poor nation begins trading on the global level, it gains certain61. Its economy grows rapidly. Multinational companies set up factories, 62jobs for people. Supporters claim that these factors reduce poverty and lessen the gap between the richest and poorest nations. They believe that the globalizing trend benefits the poor.Critics of unrestricted free trade question these conclusions. Although they 63that the global market can offer growth and jobs to poor nations, they doubt that it reduces poverty. In fact, they cite (引述) studies which show that poverty has increased as a result of the global market.64, the gap between rich and poor nations is growing.Regardless of which side they are on, most experts believe that globalization has great potential to aid the poor. Both sides need to find a way to make it work.50. A. In conclusion B. In particular C. As a result D. On the contrary51. A. growing B. starting C. moving D. reducing52. A. culture B. trend C. belief D. potential53. A. regional B. national C. practical D. global54. A. steadier B. further C. tougher D. stricter55. A. profit B. conflict C. poverty D. expense56. A. attracting B. altering C. opposing D. supporting57. A. correct B. inevitable C. necessary D. effective58. A. required B. produced C. imported D. exported59. A. economical B. local C. traditional D. social60. A. sacrifice B. satisfaction C. convenience D. good61. A. benefits B. varieties C. opportunities D. budgets62. A. influencing B. arranging C. providing D. applying63. A. ensure B. assume C. argue D. agree64. A. In addition B. First of all C. In that case D. On averageSection B(A)Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. “I was a clothes addict,” he jokes. “I used to carry a fresh suit to work wi th me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.” Today David wears casual clothes --- khaki pants and sports shirt --- to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.”More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States. The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday). This became known as “dress-down Friday” or “casual Friday”. “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees h as really become an everyday thing.” said business consultant Maisly Jones.Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it’s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code. “A lot of young people don’t want to dress up for work,” says the owner of a software company, “so it’s hard to hire people if you have a conservative (保守的) dress code.” Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers say that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale (士气). Only 4 percent of employers say that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. “Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,” one person said. “For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.”65. David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict,” because ______.A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirtB. he couldn’t stand a clean appearanceC. he wanted his clothes to look neat all the timeD. he didn’t want to spend much m oney on clothes66. David Smith wears casual clothes now, because ______.A. they make him feel at ease when workingB. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothesC. he looks attractive in casual clothesD. he no longer works in that company67. According to this passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Company workers started to dress down at work about twenty years ago.B. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.C. “Dress-down Friday” was first given as a favor from employers.D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to attract people.68. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned in the passage except ______.A. saving employees’ moneyB. making employees more attractiveC. improving employees’ motivationD. making employees happier (B)The prestigious(享有声望的)Nobel prizes were announced in twin ceremonies in Stockholm and Oslo. Here is a look at this year’s winners and tr work.69. We can know from the passage that ______.A. The Time of the Hero was widely acceptedB.Mario Vargas Llosa only has a gift for novelsC. Mario Vargas Llosa ran for president of PeruD. The Time of the Hero was based on some officers’ experiences70. The technology of test-tube baby _______.A. is a breakthrough in medicine but now out-datedB. helps Robert Edwardswin the Nobel Prize in physiologyC. has led to 4 million babies’ coming into the worldD. is linked to human egg removal and fertilizationin a human body71. We can conclude from the passage that ______.A. the 2010 Nobel Chemistry Prize winners bring benefits to all aspects of lifeB. palladium-catalyzed reactions are widely used in drugs for fighting diseasesC. The two Russian scientists have published their book Detectors of Carbon’s New FaceD. the amazing discovery of grapheme has been known to all for a long time(C)There are a couple of ways to forecast the destructive potential of a hurricane (飓风) so that people in the way can take adequate precautions (预防措施). Satellite images of cloud patternscan be analyzed to estimate peak wind speeds, but the estimates are often way off the mark. Specialized aircraft can fly into a storm to measure the winds directly, but the flights are costly.Researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology come up with a third way: listening to a storm underwater.In a paper to be published in Geophysical Research Letters, Nicholas C. Makris and a former graduate student, Joshua D. Wilson, report a strong connection between the intensity (强度) of sound recorded by an undersea microphone in the mid-Atlantic and the wind power of a hurricane that passed over it. They say that such microphones, known as hydrophones, could be a safe and relatively inexpensive means of estimating hurricane force.Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson, who are now with Applied Physical Sciences Corporation, worked out the theory of underwater acoustic (声音的) monitoring of storms in a 2005 paper. “To be very frank with you, it’s a mystery what makes storms noisy underwater.” Dr. Makris said. The most popular idea currently is that it has something to do with oscillating air bubbles (气泡振动).The researchers then went looking for experimental data to back their theory, and found it from a hydrophone placed at a depth of 2,500 feet by the National Atmospheric and Oceanic Administration. It happened that Hurricane Gert passed over the area in September 1999, and a hurricane-hunter plane directly measured the wind speed at the same time. The hydrophone data showed sound intensity rising when the storm’s outside wind “wall” passed over, and again when the inside wall, the most destructive part of the storm near the eye, passed over. “We got a beautiful connection,” Dr. Makris said, “between the hydrophone data and the actual wind speeds a s measured by the aircraft.”Dr. Makris is conducting additional experiments, working with the Mexican Navy off th e west coast of Mexico. The eventual goal, he said, would be permanent hydrophones in known hurricane zones or temporary ones that could be easily laid by plane or ship in the path of a coming storm.72. Compared with the traditional methods, the new way of measuring is_____.A. more expensiveB. more directC. less dangerousD. less accurate73. Which statement is WRONG according to the article?A. The scientists gained support from different fields.B. Dr. Makris and Dr. Wilson have figured out what makes storms noisy underwater.C. The scientists have found the relationship between the changes of sound intensity and the force of the hurricane.D. There are several ways for people to forecast the force of the coming hurricane.74. Why is Dr. Makris now making other experiments with the help of the Mexican Navy off the west coast of Mexico?A. To place permanent hydrophones in some zones.B. To collect more images of cloud patterns.C. To be secure in carrying out their experiments.D. To get more information from the hurricane-hunter planes.75. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Waysto Stop the Destructive Force of a HurricaneB. Connection between the Intensity of Sound and the Wind Power of a HurricaneC. Hydrophones, Safe but Expensive Means of Estimating Hurricane ForceD. Measuring a Hurricane by Sound UnderwaterSection C76.__________Today, the Internet is in a few cars; tomorrow, broadband (宽带) will be in all of them. Any capability a personal computer has, a car will have, including two–way wireless communications for receiving e–mail, music, and movies. When you’re crossing the lonely place, the kids can watch TV if they’re bored. Every passenger will have a video feed.77.__________Every car will have a self–driving system linked to GPS satellites. Radar sensors (传感器) will track nearby cars. On the freeway, they’ll slow your car when the car ahead of you slows; in town, they’ll help you park without hitting other cars. At rush hour, you’ll get the routes around traffic jams and accidents. The self–driving system in a car makes it possible for the car to drive itself, though some scientists say that’s 30 to 40 years off.78.__________Motor vehicles today represent 20 to 30 percent of the world’s energy use. In the near future, a small gasoline engine and an electric motor will be brought together. Drivers will use electricity in a storage battery for short distances. Longer term, cars might burn hydrogen or use a fuel cell that converts a fuel like hydrogen and combines it with oxygen to create power. Then the waste will be pure water.79.__________You’ll use the voice control: “Make it a bit cooler” or “find me country music”. Lighter, more reliable electronic controls replace mechanical controls. Fiber optics (光纤) replace electrical wires and light bulbs. Seats will be air–conditioned. The car will travel with one side higher than the other when turning, just as an airplane does now.80.__________Cars will avoid some accidents by maintaining safe following distances, and by sensing sleepy or drunk drivers. Air bags will adapt for every passenger according to their size, weight, and position in case accidents happen.Section DFrom bankers to factory staff, employees in the west face the bleak prospect (暗淡的前景) of losing their jobs as a global recession (衰退) starts to bite. For colleagues in the East the pain is more likely to come through a pay cut.Human resource experts say cultural differences explain why Asian firms try harder to keep jobs in difficult times, which will stop unemployment and may help keep Asian economies afloat at a time of slowing exports.The East Asian attitude may also make it easier for firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn since they will not need to rehire or train new staff, leaving some experts predicting Western shift to Eastern flexibility.“In the Confucian (儒家的) attitude, the right thing to do is to share the burden. There is the sense of collective responsibility whereas (然而) in the West, it’s more about the individual survival,” said Michael Benotlel, associated professor of organizational behavior at Sing apore Management University.Steven Pang, Asian Regional Director for Aquent, a headhunting firm, said in many East Asian companies there was a responsibility “ to take care of the members of the family and go through the pain together” even if that meant causing losses.US firms from General Motors to Goldman Sachs plan to lay off workers by the thousand. But at the Asian units of Western multinationals, job cuts will probably be less severe.Japan’s jobless rate was 4 percent in September, up from 3.8 per cent in January, while Hong Kong’s was flat at 3.4 percent. But US unemployment is expected to have jumped to 6.3 percent last month from below 5 percent in January.Experts say that while there are noticeable differences in labor practices in East and West, the gap will narrow as more firms become more multinational and competition forces firms to adopt the best practices of rivals (对手) from abroad.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS)81. What caused the different practices of Asian and Western firms facing the global recession?82. Why is it easier for the East Asian firms to recover quickly from the economic downturn?83. Firms in the west would lay off workers when facing a bleak prospect because of ______.84. ______ will make the differences in East and West less noticeable.第II卷I. Translation1、她的责任心值得称道。
2012届上海市虹口区二模历史试题及答案
2012届上海市虹口区二模历史试题及答案一、选择题（每小题4分，共60分）1.马克思说：“推动了这次大爆炸（即太平天国运动）的毫无疑问是英国的大炮。
”下列对此理解正确的是（）A.鸦片战争激化了中国的社会矛盾，导致太平天国运动爆发B.太平天国运动反对鸦片战争中清政府的卖国行为C.太平天国运动以反对外国侵略为主旨D.鸦片战争是太平天国运动爆发的根源【解析】太平天国运动是国内阶级矛盾激化的结果。
列强的侵略和民族矛盾的激化进一步加剧了国内阶级矛盾，推动了运动的爆发。
因此正确答案应为A项。
【答案】A2.“争天下，打天下，穷爷们天不怕来地不怕；杀到天津卫，朝廷快让位；杀到杨柳青，天子吓得发了懵。
”以上歌谣反映的近代史实应该是( )A.太平天国运动B.义和团运动C.辛亥革命D.北伐战争【解析】义和团主张“扶清灭洋”，由“争天下，打天下”可以排除义和团运动；由“天津卫”“杨柳青”可以排除辛亥革命；由“天子”可以排除北伐战争。
【答案】A3.太平天国龙凤殿有一副对联：“虎贲三千，直扫幽燕之地；龙飞九五，重开尧舜之天。
”此联充分说明（）①太平天国的政治理想是统一中国，实现民主②太平天国领袖存在封建意识③太平天国希望推翻清朝统治，建立太平盛世④太平天国具有反封建反侵略性质A.①②③④B.②③④C.②③D.③④【答案】C4.（浙江宁波市2011届高三期中）近人《世载堂杂忆》记载：“一日，殿上议事，北王问东王曰：‘闻兄有不臣之心，自称万岁。
’东王闻言，积威凌北王，北王即抽刀屠东王之腹。
”对于此事一些同学展开讨论，你认为下列哪种观点最接近该现象所揭示的本质（）A.甲：太平天国内部充斥争权夺利的斗争，完全抹杀了这场运动的时代意义B.乙：个体小农经济的分散性、封闭性决定了农民战争缺乏坚强的领导核心和理想追求C.丙：这一事件主要是由于洪秀全不理朝政导致了内部的分崩离析D.丁：这一事件严重削弱了太平天国的力量，直接导致了运动的失败【解析】材料叙述的是天京变乱的重要组成部分，天京变乱这一事件揭示和反映的本质问题是农民阶级作为小生产者所具有的阶级和时代局限性。
2012学年上海市虹口区高三二模(数学理)
虹口区2011学年度第二学期高三年级数学学科教学质量监控测试卷（理科）（时间120分钟，满分150分）一、填空题（每小题4分，满分56分）1、已知集合{}0)2)(5(<-+=x x x M ，{}51≤≤=x x N ，则=⋂N M ． 2、设i z -=1（i 为虚数单位），则=+22z z． 3、若非零向量、，=且0)2(=⋅+，则与的夹角大小为 ． 4、若等比数列{}n a 满足n n n a a 91=⋅+，则公比=q ．5、一平面截一球得到直径为2的圆面，球心到这平面的距离为3，则该球的体积是 ．6、如果nxx )1(+展开式中，第4项与第6项的系数相等，则该展开式中，常数项的值是 ．7、已知椭圆15222=+t y tx 的焦距为62，则实数=t ．8、随机变量x 的分布如图所示则数学期望=Ex ．9、圆)4cos(2πθρ-=的圆心的极坐标是 ．10、执行如图所示的程序框图，若输入A 的值为2，则输出的P 值是 ．11、从｛1，2，3，4，5，6｝中随机选一个数a ，从｛1，2，3｝中随机选一个数b ，则b a >的概率等于 ．12、在ABC ∆中，边2=BC ，3=AB ，则角C 的取值范围是 ．D 1C 1A 1DC BA 13、函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<-≥+=0404)(22x xx x x x x f ，则不等式)()2(2x f x f >-的解集是 ． 14、R b a ∈,，b a >且1=ab ，则ba b a -+22的最小值等于 ．二、选择题（每小题5分，满分20分）15、命题A ：若函数)(x f y =是幂函数，则函数)(x f y =的图像不经过第四象限．那么命题A 的逆命题、否命题、逆否命题这三个命题中假命题的个数是（ ）.A 0 .B 1 .C 2 .D 316、在同一平面直角坐标系中，函数)(x g y =的图像与x e y =的图像关于直线x y =对称，而函数)(x f y =的图像与)(x g y =的图像关于y 轴对称，若1)(-=a f ，则a 的值是（ ）.A e - .B e 1-.C e .D e1 17、P 为双曲线11222=-y x 上一点，1F 、2F 分别是左、右焦点，若2:3:21=PF PF ，则21F PF ∆的面积是（ ）.A 36 .B 312 .C 12 .D 2418、等差数列{}n a 中，如果存在正整数k 和l （l k ≠），使得前k 项和lkS k =，前l 项和klS l =，则（ ） .A 4>+l k S .B 4=+l k S .C 4<+l k S .D l k S +与4的大小关系不确定 三、解答题（满分74分）19、（本题满分12分）在长方体1111D C B A ABCD -中，6==BC AB ，用过1A ，B ，1C 三点的平面截去长方体的一个角后，留下如图的几何体，且这几何体的体积为120． （1）求棱1AA 的长；（2）求点1D 到平面11BC A 的距离．20、（本题满分12分）已知x f ⋅=)(，其中)1,cos 2(x =，)2sin 3,cos (x x n =)(R x ∈．（1）求)(x f 的最小正周期及单调递增区间；（2）在ABC ∆中，a 、b 、c 分别是角A 、B 、C 的对边，若2)(=A f ，1=b ，ABC∆面积为233，求：边a 的长及ABC ∆的外接圆半径R ．21、（本题满分14分）已知：曲线C 上任意一点到点)0,1(F 的距离与到直线1-=x 的距离相等．（1）求曲线C 的方程；（2）如果直线)1(-=x k y 交曲线C 于A 、B 两点，是否存在实数k ，使得以AB 为直径的圆经过原点O ？若存在，求出k 的值；若不存在，说明理由．x22、（本题满分18分）已知：函数b ax ax x g ++-=12)(2 )1,0(<≠b a ，在区间]3,2[上有最大值4，最小值1，设函数xx g x f )()(=． （1）求a 、b 的值及函数)(x f 的解析式；（2）若不等式02)2(≥⋅-x x k f 在]1,1[-∈x 时恒成立，求实数k 的取值范围； （3）如果关于x 的方程0)3124()12(=--⋅+-xx t f 有三个相异的实数根，求实数t 的取值范围．23、（本题满分18分）如图，平面直角坐标系中，射线x y =（0≥x ）和x y 2=（0≥x ）上分别依次有点1A 、2A ，……，n A ，……，和点1B ，2B ，……，n B ……，其中)1,1(1A ，)2,1(1B ，)4,2(2B ．且21+=-n n OA OA ， n n n n B B B B 1121-+=4,3,2(=n ……）． （1）用n 表示n OA 及点n A 的坐标； （2）用n 表示1+n n B B 及点n B 的坐标；（3）写出四边形n n n n B B A A 11++的面积关于n 的表达式)(n S ，并求)(n S 的最大值．y虹口区2011学年度第二学期高三年级数学学科教学质量监控测试卷答案（理科）一、填空题（每小题4分，满分56分）1、{}21<≤x x ； 2、i -1； 3、︒120； 4、3； 5、31040π； 6、70； 7、2，3，6； 8、7.1； 9、)4,1(π；10、4； 11、32； 12、]3,0(π； 13、)1,2(-； 14、22 二、选择题（每小题5分，满分20分）15、C ； 16、B ； 17、C ； 18、A ； 三、解答题（满分74分）19、（12分）（1）设h AA =1，62131622⋅⋅⋅-⋅=h h V ∴41==h AA …………4分（2）如图建立空间直角坐标系， 则)4,0,6(1A ， )0,6,6(B ，)4,6,0(1C )4,0,0(1D ．设平面11BC A 的法向量为),,(z y x =，)4,6,0(1-=B A ，)0,6,6(11-=C A ，由⎩⎨⎧=+-=-066046y x z y 得)3,2,2(=…………8分 又)4,6,6(1--=BD ，∴171712==d …………12分 20、（12分）（1）1)62sin(22sin 3cos 2)(2++=+=πx x x x f …………2分π=T ………………3分单调递增区间]6,3[ππππ+-k k )(Z k ∈……………4分 （2）21)62sin(2)(=++=πA A f ，由21)62sin(=+πA ，得3π=A …………6分2333sin 121=⨯⨯⨯πc ，∴6=c …………8分 31216126122=⨯⨯⨯-+=a …………10分 3sin31sin 2π==AaR ，∴393=R …………12分 21、（14分）（1）x y 42=…………4分（2）将)1(-=x k y ，代入x y 42=，得0)2(22222=++-k x k x k …………8分记),(11y x A ，),(22y x B ∴121=x x ，2221)2(2k k x x +=+，…………10分 4]1)([)1)(1(2121221221-=++-=--=x x x x k x x k y y …………12分∴032121≠-=+y y x x ，0≠⋅OB OA ，∴以AB 为直径的圆不经过原点O ，不存在满足条件的k ．…………14分22、（18分）（1）b ax ax x g ++-=12)(2，由题意得：︒1 ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=++==+=>413)3(11)2(0b a g b g a 得⎩⎨⎧==01b a ， 或 ︒2⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=++==+=<113)3(41)2(0b a g b g a 得⎩⎨⎧>=-=131b a （舍去）∴1=a ，0=b …………4分12)(2+-=x x x g ，21)(-+=xx x f …………5分 （2）不等式02)2(≥⋅-xx k f ，即x x x k 22212⋅≥-+，∴1)21(2)21(2+⋅-≤x x k (9)分设]2,21[21∈=xt ，∴2)1(-≤t k ， 0)1(min 2=-t ，∴0≤k …………11分 （3）0)3124()12(=--⋅+-xxt f ，即02312412112=---+-+-t t xxx ．令012>-=x u ，则 0)14()23(2=+++-t u t u )(* …………13分记方程)(*的根为1u 、2u ，当2110u u ≤<<时，原方程有三个相异实根，记)14()23()(2+++-=t u t u u ϕ，由题可知，⎩⎨⎧<=>+=0)1(014)0(t t ϕϕ或⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧<+<==>+=122300)1(014)0(t t t ϕϕ．…………16分 ∴041<<-t 时满足题设．…………18分 23、（18分）（1） n n OA OA n ⋅=-+=22)1(1 ……………2分∴),(n n A n …………4分（2）111)21(521--+⋅==n n n n n B B B B …………7分 ])21(3[5])21(211[55221211----=++++=+++=n n n n n B B B B OB OB∴))21(6,)21(3(32----n n n B …………10分（3）3121112tan 11=⨯+-=∠++n n OB A ，∴1010sin 11=∠++n n OB A …………12分∴……………………15分n nn S n S 23)1()(-=--，∴4≥n 时，)(n S 单调递减． 又23)1(=S ，1627)4()3(47)2(=>==S S S ．∴2=n 或3时，)(n S 取得最大值47…………18分。
上海模考题真题-2012虹口高三二模卷附答案
虹口区2012年语文学科高考练习题一阅读 80分（一）阅读下文，完成1-6题。
（18分）地域社群：明清诗文研究的一个重要维度（1）明清两代,文人的聚合倾向十分明显,所谓作家往往都是某种共同体名义下的作家,而地域性文学社群丛生是一个尤其突出的文化现象。
因此我们有理由将地域社群作为明清诗文研究的重要维度之一,而把大量的作家及其创作放到地域社群的语境中去考察,由此形成对明清诗文发展的某种特殊机制的认识。
地域社群有别于一般意义上的社团流派明清两代,以诗文创作为内容的文学社团流派其数甚多,台阁派、茶陵诗派、前七子、后七子、唐宋派、神韵派、性灵派、格调派、肌理派、桐城派等已多为文学史论及。
这些社团流派除少部分具有一定的地域性特征外,大部分为“泛地性”,领袖人物地位较高,往往通过文学活动创造了主流话语。
不过这类社团流派数量较为有限,综观明清两代诗文创作群体,为数众多的是地域文学社群。
（2）与一般意义上的社团流派相比，地域文学社群具有一些不同的特征：其成员往往限于一个地区或郡邑,活动多在地方基层;参与者身份不等,但在文学活动中一般以“自然文化人”出现;召集者多为一地之望重者,其中不乏一时文坛领袖;维系社群存在的除文化精神外,更多的是遵守社约进行的社集活动;人际之间往往同仁相得,相互标榜,竞文才风流,少异同纷争。
这样的文学社群分布很广，但以南方积聚较密，尤其江南最为集中。
除大型社团如南社、鸿笔文社等外，一般规模在数十人到数人不等，结社频度高，衍生性强，各家参与，群从踊跃，形成了历史上从未有过的宏大壮丽的社会基层文学景观。
（3）有两点可以看出明清文人参与社群活动的热情，一是一人参加多个社团，一是_____________________________________。
前者以慬县钱光秀最为典型，钱氏经参加了六个地方的八个社团。
这种情况在社团活动极为活跃的江南地区绝不是个别现象。
其他地区这样的情况同样存在，与明代公安派袁氏兄弟相关的社群就至少有阳春社、南平社、蒲桃社、金栗社等数个。
上海市虹口区2012届高三教学质量监控测试卷历史试题(附答案)
上海市虹口区2012届高三4月教学质量监控测（二模）历史试卷总分150分，考试时间120分钟。
2012.4考生注意：1．本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上；做在试卷上一律不得分。
2．答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名。
3．答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。
一、选择题（共75分）以下每小题2分，共60分。
每题只有一个正确选项。
1．法国历史学家布罗代尔说：“一种文明的历史，就是对古代材料中那些对今天仍然行之有效的东西的探索。
它有待解决的问题不在于要告诉人们关于希腊文明或中世纪中国我们所知的一切——而是要告诉人们在西欧或现代中国以前的时代与今天仍旧相关的东西。
”在这里，布罗代尔强调的是A．史学是当代人的历史认识B．以探索的精神研究历史C．史学无需穷尽人类文明的历史D．以过往历史的角度阐释历史2．以下地区文明的最早奠基者是A．苏美尔人B．阿卡德人C．古埃及人D．雅利安人3．雅典执政官克利斯提尼在制定行政选区时，“把全部村社分为三十区，十区在城市附近，十区在沿海，十区属于内地；……并用抽签的办法把这些区指定给各个部落，每一部落有三区，这样就使一个部落在这些地区都占了一份。
”他采取的这一措施A. 确立了依据财产多寡划分等级的参政制度B. 废除了债务奴隶制以使债务奴隶重获自由C. 打破了以血缘关系为基础的贵族专权局面D. 标志着雅典民主政治进入到“黄金时代”4．公元3世纪中叶的古罗马学者热情地赞美道：“无论海洋还是陆地上任何的间隔距离都不能将一个人排斥于公民身份之外。
”他赞扬的是罗马的A．《十二铜表法》B．公民法C．万民法D．自然法5．西欧商品经济继续发展，王权进一步加强，司法和军事等权利已开始被中央掌控。
此时的社会应处于A．封建制度产生时期B．封建等级制时期C．等级君主制时期D．君主专制时期6．在历史上，教育只是局限于贵族阶层，从这个意义上说，“我们现代人都是巴黎和博洛尼亚而非雅典和亚历山大的继承人和接班人”，是因为A．经院哲学的产生B．大学的兴起C．骑士文学的盛行D．市民文学的出现7．《尚书•酒诰》记载“惟荒腼于酒，……庶群自酒，腥闻在上……”。
上海市虹口区高三教学质量监控测试卷语文试题(2012虹口二模).pdf
5.3鸡兔同笼 教学目标： 1．在具体问题的解决过程中提高学生的解二元一次方程组的技能． 2．使学生掌握运用方程组解决实际问题的一般步骤，让学生亲自经历和体验运用方程（组）解决实际问题的过程，进一步体会方程（组）是刻画现实世界的有效数学模型，培养学生的抽象、概括、分析解决实际问题的能力． 3．通过“鸡兔同笼”，把同学们带入古代的数学问题情景，学生体会到数学中的“趣”；进一步强调课堂与生活的联系，突出显示数学教学的实际价值，培养学生的人文精神；通过对祖国文明史的了解，培养学生爱国主义精神，树立为中华崛起而学习的信心． 教学重点、难点： 重点：根据等量关系列二元一次方程组解应用题． 难点：1．读懂古算题． 2．根据题意找出等量关系，列出方程． 教法和学法指导： 采用"问题情境—建立模型—解释—应用与拓展"的模式展开教学．充分利用实际问题、古代的趣题，尽可能增加教学过程的趣味性、实践性；利用多媒体课件和实物等丰富学生的学习资源，生动活泼地展示所学内容；强调学生的动脑思考和主动参与，通过丰富多彩的集体讨论、小组活动，以合作学习促自主探究． 课前准备： 制作课件，多媒体的运作，细绳一条，学生课前进行相关预习工作． 教学过程 一、创设情境，引入课题 《孙子算经》是我国古代一部较为普及的算书,许多问题浅显有趣,其中下卷第31题”雉兔同笼”流传尤为广泛,飘洋过海流传到了日本等国. （出示课件）今有雉（兔）同笼，上有三十五头，下有九十四足，问雉兔各几何？ 师：大家可知“上有三十五头”是什么意思？“下有九十四足”是指什么？ 生1：雉和兔一共35只。
生2：94足是指鸡腿加上兔腿一共94条。
师：说得很好，下面那位同学能解决这个有趣的问题呢？ 设计意图：多媒体展示"鸡兔同笼"问题后，说明该问题是古代著名的"难题"，以此激发学生解决问题的好奇心；提出问题后，让学生先思考，后讨论，然后找学生说出他的解题思路,写出解题过程，让学生讨论对不对，有没有不同的思路和观点；最后在学生充分讨论的基础上，老师用多媒体课件，给出正确的答案. 生1：老师，我用算术方法求解 解：兔有：只， 鸡有： 所以有鸡23只，兔12只。
2012学年虹口区高三数学一模卷(文理)
虹口区2012学年度第一学期高三年级数学学科期终教学质量监控测试卷（时间120分钟，满分150分） 2013.1一、填空题（每小题4分，满分56分）1、已知集合{}0322<-+=x x x A ，{}21<-=x x B ，则=⋂B A ．2、已知向量)2,1(-=a ，)1,1(=b ，b a m -=，b a n λ+=，如果n m ⊥，则实数=λ ．3、从甲、乙、丙、丁四个人中任选两名志愿者，则甲被选中的概率是 ．4、双曲线1322=-y x的两条渐近线的夹角大小等于 ．5、已知ααcos 3sin =，则=+αα2sin 12cos ．6、在下面的程序框图中，输出的y 是x 的函数，记为)(x f y =，则=-)21(1f． 输出结束开始7、关于z 的方程20132012101i zii iz i+=--+（其中i 是虚数单位），则方程的解=z ．8、若对于任意0>x ，不等式a x x x ≤++132恒成立，则实数a 的取值范围是 ．9、在等比数列{}n a 中，已知3221=a a ，243=a a ，则=+++∞→)(lim 21n n a a a ．10、在ABC ∆中，32=AB ，2=AC 且︒=∠30B ，则ABC ∆的面积等于 ． 11、已知正实数x 、y 满足xy y x =+2，则y x +2的最小值等于 ．12、等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ，若0211=-++-m m m a a a ，3812=-m S ，则=m ．DCBAP13、设定义在R 上的函数)(x f 是最小正周期为π2的偶函数，当],0[π∈x 时，1)(0<<x f ，且在]2,0[π上单调递减，在],2[ππ上单调递增，则函数x x f y sin )(-=在]10,10[ππ-上的零点个数为 ．14、设点P 在曲线22+=x y 上，点Q 在曲线2-=x y 上，则PQ 的最小值等于 ．二、选择题（每小题5分，满分20分）15、若i -2是关于x 的实系数方程02=++b ax x 的一根，则该方程两根的模的和为（ ）.A 5 .B 52 .C 5 .D 1016、已知1l 、2l 、3l 是空间三条不同的直线，下列命题中正确的是（ ）.A 如果21l l ⊥ ，32//l l ．则31l l ⊥． .B 如果21//l l ，32//l l ．则1l 、2l 、3l 共面． .C 如果21l l ⊥ ，32l l ⊥．则31l l ⊥． .D 如果1l 、2l 、3l 共点．则1l 、2l 、3l 共面．17、定义域为R 的函数c x b ax x f ++=2)()0(≠a 有四个单调区间，则实数c b a ,,满足（ ）.A 0042>>-a ac b 且 .B 042>-ac b .C 02>-ab .D 02<-ab18、数列}{n a 满足⎩⎨⎧=-==kn a k n n a k n2,12,当当，其中*∈N k ，设n na a a a n f 21221)(++++=- ，则)2012()2013(f f -等于( )．.A 20122 .B 20132 .C 20124 .D 20134三、解答题（满分74分）19、（本题满分12分）在正四棱锥ABCD P -中，侧棱PA 的长为52，PA 与CD 所成的角的大小等于510arccos．（1）求正四棱锥ABCD P -的体积；（2）若正四棱锥ABCD P -的五个顶点都在球O 的表面上，求此球O 的半径．20、（本题满分14分）已知函数x x x x x x f 2cos cos sin 3)3sin(sin 2)(+⋅+-⋅=π．（1）求函数)(x f 的最小正周期，最大值及取最大值时相应的x 值； （2）如果20π≤≤x ，求)(x f 的取值范围．21、（本题满分14分）已知圆:O 422=+y x ．（1）直线1l ：0323=-+y x 与圆O 相交于A 、B 两点，求AB ； （2）如图，设),(11y x M 、),(22y x P 是圆O 上的两个动点，点M 关于原点的对称点为1M ，点M 关于x 轴的对称点为2M ，如果直线1PM 、2PM 与y 轴分别交于),0(m 和),0(n ，问n m ⋅是否为定值？若是求出该定值；若不是，请说明理由．22、（本题满分16分）数列{}n a 的前n 项和记为n S ，且满足12-=n n a S ． （1）求数列{}n a 的通项公式；（2）求和nn n n n n C S C S C S C S ⋅++⋅+⋅+⋅+1231201 ；（3）设有m 项的数列{}n b 是连续的正整数数列，并且满足：)lg(log)11lg()11lg()11lg(2lg 221m ma b b b =+++++++ ．问数列{}n b 最多有几项？并求这些项的和．23、（本题满分18分）如果函数)(x f y =的定义域为R ，对于定义域内的任意x ，存在实数a 使得)()(x f a x f -=+成立，则称此函数具有“)(a P 性质”．（1）判断函数x y sin =是否具有“)(a P 性质”，若具有“)(a P 性质”求出所有a 的值；若不具有“)(a P 性质”，请说明理由．（2）已知)(x f y =具有“)0(P 性质”，且当0≤x 时2)()(m x x f +=，求)(x f y =在]1,0[上的最大值．（3）设函数)(x g y =具有“)1(±P 性质”，且当2121≤≤-x 时，x x g =)(．若)(x g y =与mx y =交点个数为2013个，求m 的值．。
2024届上海市虹口区高三下学期期中学生学习能力诊断测试(二模)数学试卷
2024届上海市虹口区高三下学期期中学生学习能力诊断测试（二模）数学试卷一、填空题(★★) 1. 已知，则 ________ ；(★★) 2. 已知球的表面积为 ,则该球的体积为 ______ .(★) 3. 过抛物线焦点的弦的中点横坐标为，则弦的长度为__________ .(★) 4. 已知集合，则 __________ . (★★) 5. 已知随机变量，且，则 __________ . (★★) 6. 3个男孩和3个女孩站成一排做游戏，3个女孩不相邻的站法种数为__________ .(★★) 7. 已知一个三角形的三边长分别为，，，则这个三角形外接圆的直径为 __________ .(★★) 8. 已知等比数列是严格减数列，其前项和为，若成等差数列，则 __________ .(★★★) 9. 已知平面向量满足，若平面向量满足，则的最大值为 __________ .(★★★) 10. 从某个角度观察篮球（如图1），可以得到一个对称的平面图形，如图2所示，篮球的外轮廓为圆O，将篮球表面的粘合线看成坐标轴和双曲线，若坐标轴和双曲线与圆O的交点将圆O的周长八等分，且，则该双曲线的离心率为 __________ ．(★★★) 11. 如图，在直四棱柱中，底面为菱形，且.若，点为棱的中点，点在上，则线段的长度和的最小值为 __________ .(★★★★) 12. 已知关于的不等式对任意均成立，则实数的取值范围为 __________ .二、单选题(★★) 13. 欧拉公式把自然对数的底数，虚数单位，三角函数和联系在一起，被誉为“数学的天桥”.若复数满足，则（）A．B．C．D．(★★) 14. 设，将函数的图像沿轴向右平移个单位，得到函数的图像，则（）A．函数是偶函数B．函数的图像关于直线对称C．函数在上是严格增函数D．函数在上的值域为(★★) 15. 给出下列4个命题：①若事件和事件互斥，则；②数据的第百分位数为10；③已知关于的回归方程为，则样本点的离差为；④随机变量的分布为，则其数学期望.其中正确命题的序号为（）A．①②B．①③C．②③D．②④(★★★★) 16. 已知定义在上的函数的导数满足，给出两个命题：①对任意，都有；②若的值域为，则对任意都有.则下列判断正确的是（）A．①②都是假命题B．①②都是真命题C．①是假命题，②是真命题D．①是真命题，②是假命题三、解答题(★★) 17. 已知等差数列满足，.(1)求的通项公式；(2)设数列前项和为，且，若，求正整数的最小值.(★★★) 18. 如图，在三棱柱中，，为的中点，，.(1)求证：平面；(2)若平面，点在棱上，且平面，求直线与平面所成角的正弦值.(★★★) 19. 某企业监控汽车零件的生产过程，现从汽车零件中随机抽取100件作为样本，测得质量差（零件质量与标准质量之差的绝对值）的样本数据如下表：质量差（单54位：）件数（单(1)求样本质量差的平均数；假设零件的质量差，其中，用作为的近似值，求的值；(2)已知该企业共有两条生产汽车零件的生产线，其中全部零件的来自第1条生产线.若两条生产线的废品率分别为0.016和0.012，且这两条生产线是否产出废品是相互独立的.现从该企业生产的汽车零件中随机抽取一件.（i）求抽取的零件为废品的概率；（ii）若抽取出的零件为废品，求该废品来自第1条生产线的概率.参考数据：若随机变量，则.(★★★★★) 20. 已知椭圆的焦距为，点在椭圆上，动直线与椭圆相交于不同的两点，且直线的斜率之积为1.(1)求椭圆的标准方程；(2)若直线为的法向量为，求直线的方程；(3)是否存在直线，使得为直角三角形？若存在，求出直线的斜率；若不存在，请说明理由.(★★★★★) 21. 若函数满足：对任意，都有，则称函数具有性质.(1)设，，分别判断与是否具有性质？并说明理由；(2)设函数具有性质，求实数的取值范围；(3)已知函数具有性质，且图像是一条连续曲线，若在上是严格增函数，求证：是奇函数.。
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虹口区2011学年度第二学期高三年级数学学科教学质量监控测试卷（理科）（时间120分钟，满分150分）一、填空题（每小题4分，满分56分）1、已知集合{}0)2)(5(<-+=x x x M ，{}51≤≤=x x N ，则=⋂N M ． 2、设i z -=1（i 为虚数单位），则=+22z z． 3、若非零向量、=0)2(=⋅+，则与的夹角大小为 ． 4、若等比数列{}n a 满足n n n a a 91=⋅+，则公比=q ．5、一平面截一球得到直径为2的圆面，球心到这平面的距离为3，则该球的体积是 ．6、如果nxx )1(+展开式中，第4项与第6项的系数相等，则该展开式中，常数项的值是 ． 7、已知椭圆15222=+t y tx 的焦距为62，则实数=t ．则数学期望=Ex ．8、随机变量x 的分布如图所示9、圆)4cos(2πθρ-=的圆心的极坐标是 ．10、执行如图所示的程序框图，若输入A 的值为2，则输出的P 值是 ．11、从｛1，2，3，4，5，6｝中随机选一个数a ，从｛1，2，3｝中随机选一个数b ，则b a >的概率等于 ．12、在ABC ∆中，边2=BC ，3=AB ，则角C 的取值范围是 ．D 1C 1A 1DC BA13、函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧<-≥+=0404)(22x xx x x x x f ，则不等式)()2(2x f x f >-的解集是 ． 14、R b a ∈,，b a >且1=ab ，则ba b a -+22的最小值等于 ．二、选择题（每小题5分，满分20分）15、命题A ：若函数)(x f y =是幂函数，则函数)(x f y =的图像不经过第四象限．那么命题A 的逆命题、否命题、逆否命题这三个命题中假命题的个数是（ ）.A 0 .B 1 .C 2 .D 316、在同一平面直角坐标系中，函数)(x g y =的图像与x e y =的图像关于直线x y =对称，而函数)(x f y =的图像与)(x g y =的图像关于y 轴对称，若1)(-=a f ，则a 的值是（ ）.A e - .B e 1-.C e .D e117、P 为双曲线11222=-y x 上一点，1F 、2F 分别是左、右焦点，若2:3:21=PF PF ，则21F PF ∆的面积是（ ）.A 36 .B 312 .C 12 .D 24 18、等差数列{}n a 中，如果存在正整数k 和l （l k ≠），使得前k 项和l k S k =，前l 项和klS l =，则（ ）.A 4>+l k S .B 4=+l k S .C 4<+l k S .D l k S +与4的大小关系不确定 三、解答题（满分74分）19、（本题满分12分）在长方体1111D C B A ABCD -中，6==BC AB ，用过1A ，B ，1C 三点的平面截去长方体的一个角后，留下如图的几何体，且这几何体的体积为120． （1）求棱1AA 的长；（2）求点1D 到平面11BC A 的距离．20、（本题满分12分）已知x f ⋅=)(，其中)1,cos 2(x m =，)2sin 3,cos (x x n =)(R x ∈．（1）求)(x f 的最小正周期及单调递增区间；（2）在ABC ∆中，a 、b 、c 分别是角A 、B 、C 的对边，若2)(=A f ，1=b ，ABC ∆面积为233，求：边a 的长及ABC ∆的外接圆半径R ．21、（本题满分14分）已知：曲线C 上任意一点到点)0,1(F 的距离与到直线1-=x 的距离相等．（1）求曲线C 的方程；（2）如果直线)1(-=x k y 交曲线C 于A 、B 两点，是否存在实数k ，使得以AB 为直径的圆经过原点O ？若存在，求出k 的值；若不存在，说明理由．22、（本题满分18分）已知：函数b ax ax x g ++-=12)(2 )1,0(<≠b a ，在区间]3,2[上有最大值4，最小值1，设函数xx g x f )()(=． （1）求a 、b 的值及函数)(x f 的解析式；（2）若不等式02)2(≥⋅-x x k f 在]1,1[-∈x 时恒成立，求实数k 的取值范围； （3）如果关于x 的方程0)3124()12(=--⋅+-xxt f 有三个相异的实数根，求实数t 的取值范围．x23、（本题满分18分）如图，平面直角坐标系中，射线x y =（0≥x ）和x y 2=（0≥x ）上分别依次有点1A 、2A ，……，n A ，……，和点1B ，2B ，……，n B ……，其中)1,1(1A ，)2,1(1B ，)4,2(2B ．且21+=-n n OA OA ， n n n n B B B B 1121-+=4,3,2(=n ……）． （1）用n 表示n OA 及点n A 的坐标； （2）用n 表示1+n n B B 及点n B 的坐标；（3）写出四边形n n n n B B A A 11++的面积关于n 的表达式)(n S ，并求)(n S 的最大值．y虹口区2011学年度第二学期高三年级数学学科教学质量监控测试卷答案（理科）一、填空题（每小题4分，满分56分）1、{}21<≤x x ； 2、i -1； 3、︒120； 4、3； 5、31040π； 6、70； 7、2，3，6； 8、7.1； 9、)4,1(π；10、4； 11、32； 12、]3,0(π； 13、)1,2(-； 14、22 二、选择题（每小题5分，满分20分）15、C ； 16、B ； 17、C ； 18、A ； 三、解答题（满分74分）19、（12分）（1）设h AA =1，62131622⋅⋅⋅-⋅=h h V ∴41==h AA …………4分（2）如图建立空间直角坐标系， 则)4,0,6(1A ， )0,6,6(B ，)4,6,0(1C )4,0,0(1D ．设平面11BC A 的法向量为),,(z y x =，)4,6,0(1-=B A ，)0,6,6(11-=C A ，由⎩⎨⎧=+-=-066046y x z y 得)3,2,2(=…………8分 又)4,6,6(1--=BD ，∴171712==d …………12分 20、（12分）（1）1)62sin(22sin 3cos 2)(2++=+=πx x x x f …………2分π=T ………………3分单调递增区间]6,3[ππππ+-k k )(Z k ∈……………4分（2）21)62sin(2)(=++=πA A f ，由21)62sin(=+πA ，得3π=A …………6分 2333sin 121=⨯⨯⨯πc ，∴6=c …………8分 31216126122=⨯⨯⨯-+=a …………10分 3sin31sin 2==AaR ，∴393=R …………12分 21、（14分）（1）x y 42=…………4分（2）将)1(-=x k y ，代入x y 42=，得0)2(22222=++-k x k x k …………8分记),(11y x A ，),(22y x B ∴121=x x ，2221)2(2k k x x +=+，…………10分 4]1)([)1)(1(2121221221-=++-=--=x x x x k x x k y y …………12分∴032121≠-=+y y x x ，0≠⋅，∴以AB 为直径的圆不经过原点O ，不存在满足条件的k ．…………14分22、（18分）（1）b ax ax x g ++-=12)(2，由题意得：︒1 ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=++==+=>413)3(11)2(0b a g b g a 得⎩⎨⎧==01b a ， 或 ︒2⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=++==+=<113)3(41)2(0b a g b g a 得⎩⎨⎧>=-=131b a （舍去） ∴1=a ，0=b …………4分12)(2+-=x x x g ，21)(-+=xx x f …………5分 （2）不等式02)2(≥⋅-xx k f ，即x x x k 22212⋅≥-+，∴1)21(2)21(2+⋅-≤x x k ……9分设]2,21[21∈=x t ，∴2)1(-≤t k ， 0)1(min 2=-t ，∴0≤k …………11分（3）0)3124()12(=--⋅+-xxt f ，即02312412112=---+-+-t t xxx ．令012>-=xu ，则 0)14()23(2=+++-t u t u )(* …………13分记方程)(*的根为1u 、2u ，当2110u u ≤<<时，原方程有三个相异实根， 记)14()23()(2+++-=t u t u u ϕ，由题可知，⎩⎨⎧<=>+=0)1(014)0(t t ϕϕ或⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧<+<==>+=122300)1(014)0(t t t ϕϕ．…………16分 ∴041<<-t 时满足题设．…………18分 23、（18分）（1） n n OA OA n ⋅=-+=22)1(1 ……………2分∴),(n n A n …………4分（2）111)21(521--+⋅==n n n n n B B B B …………7分 ])21(3[5])21(211[55221211----=++++=+++=n n n n n B B B B OB OB∴))21(6,)21(3(32----n n n B …………10分（3）3121112tan 11=⨯+-=∠++n n OB A ，∴1010sin 11=∠++n n OB A …………12分∴nn n n n n n n n n n n OB A OB OA OB OA n S )21)(1(23)])21(3(52))21(3(52)1[(2010sin ][21)(211111-+=-⋅⋅⋅--⋅⋅⋅+=∠⋅-⋅=--++++ ……………………15分nnn S n S 23)1()(-=--，∴4≥n 时，)(n S 单调递减． 又23)1(=S ，1627)4()3(47)2(=>==S S S ．∴2=n 或3时，)(n S 取得最大值47…………18分。