Chapter Four Constructing Your Outline
广东省学位英语作文万能模板
广东省学位英语作文万能模板全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1The Ultimate Guangdong Province English Degree Essay TemplateAs a student stressing over yet another high-stakes English degree essay, I can't help but wish there was some kind of universal template to follow. Something that could guide my structure, content, and writing style to persuasively answer any essay prompt thrown my way. Well, after years of torturous trial-and-error, I think I've finally cracked the code for the perfect Guangdong province English degree essay! Let me walk you through my bullet-proof template step-by-step.The OpenerWe all know how crucial a strong opening paragraph is to hook the reader and set the tone. But how do you write one that instantly grabs their attention without coming across as too gimmicky? The answer: start with a brief narrative, personal anecdote, famous quote, striking statistic or rhetorical question related to your essay's overall theme. Just make sure to clearlylink it back to your thesis statement towards the end of the paragraph.For example, an introduction on the importance of environmental protection could go: "As I watched the vibrant sunset paint the sky in warm hues of orange and pink, I was reminded how fortunate we are to live on such a naturally beautiful planet - one we have a shared responsibility to preserve for future generations." See how that hooks the reader's interest from the get-go by creating a vivid mental image and hinting at the essay's larger purpose?The Thesis StatementAfter that engaging opener, it's time to clearly lay out your main argument. A solid thesis should concisely summarize your essay's central claim in one or two sentences. It doesn't just restate the prompt, but takes an original stance to answer it. Stick to making just one overarching point, then use the rest of your essay to back it up with evidence and reasoning.For example: "While economic growth remains a priority, Guangdong province must implement more sustainable development policies to protect its natural resources and environment for long-term prosperity."The Body ParagraphsNow we get to the meat of the essay: the body paragraphs where you unpack your main argument point-by-point. Adopt a consistent structure of: 1) Topic sentence stating your point 2) Specific evidence and examples to back it up 3) Analysis explaining how it supports your thesis.A good target is three body paragraphs, each focused on a different key point or piece of supporting reasoning. Try to arrange them by increasing importance, building up to your strongest argument. This creates a sense of escalating logic and momentum leading into your conclusion. And of course, be sure to properly cite any outside sources using the citation style specified in the prompt.The CounterargumentsOne critical component many students overlook: you MUST acknowledge and refute any potential counterarguments. Don't make the mistake of just ignoring them and hoping the reader doesn't notice those holes in your reasoning. That's a surefire way to come across as biased and weaken your overall argument.The best approach is to directly acknowledge the counterargument in its own paragraph or two, showing you understand the other side's viewpoint. Then systematically poke holes in it, disproving it using facts and logical reasoning. Doing this demonstrates you've considered other perspectives and your position can withstand scrutiny.For example: "Some may argue that prioritizing environmental regulations over unfettered economic expansion could hamper Guangdong's prosperity and development. However, this short-term thinking fails to account for..."The ConclusionIt's all been building to this: your closing paragraph that aims to leave a lasting impression. Start by restating your thesis, then succinctly summarize the key points you've made to support it throughout the essay. From there, include some broader insight on the larger implications or significance of your argument. Did it prompt new Questions we should explore? How could it shape future policies or behaviors?For a particularly impactful ending, you could circle back to reference the opening hook with a callback line or related imagery. This full-circle narration creates a satisfying sense of cohesion for the reader.And there you have it: the framework for the ultimate Guangdong English degree essay that's sure to impress any professor or exam grader! Just systematically work through each component, staying focused on constructing a clear,well-supported argument. Back up your claims with specific evidence, address counterarguments, and tie it all together with an insightful conclusion.While no one template can magically churn out a perfect essay for you, hopefully these structural pointers make the daunting writing process a bit less intimidating. So buck up, crack those knuckles, and get to work crafting your guaranteed-to-pass English degree masterpiece!篇2The Universal Guangdong Provincial Degree English Essay TemplateAs a student prepping for the Guangdong Provincial Degree English exam, I can't overstate how crucial it is to master the essay portion. This make-or-break section separates the wheat from the chaff, the Shakespeare enthusiasts from the Spark Notes skimmers. But fear not, dear peers, for I have concoctedthe ultimate literary elixir – a universal template guaranteed to elevate your wordsmithing to Bard-worthy heights!To kick things off, we must craft an introduction capable of ensnaring the evaluator's attention like a sirens' song. Start with a punchy, thought-provoking statement or statistic related to the prompt. For example, if the topic is "environmental protection," you could open with: "Each year, humanity's ecological footprint grows heavier, pushing our planet closer to the precipice of no return."Next, provide some context and background information to set the stage. What's the current state of affairs? Why is this issue relevant or important? Continuing with the environmental theme: "As greenhouse gas emissions soar and resources dwindle, it's becoming increasingly clear that we can no longer afford to be passive observers in this ecological crisis."Now it's time to unveil your thesis statement – the cadential crescendo of your opening paragraph. Summarize your stance on the matter in one compelling, coherent sentence. "Urgent, collaborative action through sustainable practices, environmental policies, and a cultural shift towardseco-consciousness is imperative to salvaging our home before it's too late."With the introduction wrapped up tighter than a Christmas present, we pivot to the body paragraphs –the pièce derésistance. Aim for three to five sections, each tackling a distinct subtopic or perspective related to your thesis.The first body paragraph should introduce your primary argument and rationale. For the environmental essay, you could delve into the alarming data and projections, painting a stark picture of the catastrophic consequences if we remain sedentary. "According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, unprecedented heatwaves, droughts, flooding, and ecosystem collapse are virtually inevitable if atmospheric warming exceeds 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels – a threshold we're rapidly approaching."Subsequent body paragraphs should bolster your position with additional evidence, examples, expert perspectives, and logical reasoning. Perhaps you'll explore the socioeconomic toll of inaction or highlight pioneering conservation initiatives. The key is to systematically construct an ironclad, multifaceted argument that leaves no stone unturned.As you approach the conclusion, it's time to rappel back down from the mountain of evidence and reiterate your central claims. Restate your thesis, tying it back to the opening remarksto create a seamless, cohesive narrative arc. "While the path ahead is arduous, apathy is not an option. Only through a unified, impassioned endeavor to curb emissions, protect biodiversity, and reshape our relationship with the natural world can we hope to orchestrate a planetary redemption."Finally, end with a resonant closing remark that lingers in the evaluator's mind like the fragrance of night-blooming jasmine. You could opt for a thought-provoking question, an inspirational call-to-action, or even a punchy idiom. "The hourglass is draining – it's time to compose nature's eulogy or become the authors of its next chapter."And there you have it, peers – the quintessential recipe for constructing an award-winning Guangdong Provincial English essay! Remember, templates are simply a scaffold; true mastery lies in your ability to breathe life into the words, wielding language with the dexterity of a surgeon and the passion of a thespian.So retreat to your literary ateliers, let the muse whisper in your ear, and prepare to linguistically slay this dragon of an exam. For those who wield the pen with prowess, the scholastic laurels await. Forge on, valiant wordsmiths – your Guangdong decree is merely inevitable ink stains away!篇3The Ultimate Template for Thesis Writing in English in Guangdong ProvinceAs a student pursuing higher education in Guangdong Province, one of the most daunting tasks we face is writing our thesis or dissertation in English. This challenge becomes even more formidable when you consider the diverse cultural backgrounds, varying levels of English proficiency, and the specific requirements set forth by different universities and departments. However, fear not, fellow scholars! I have compiled a comprehensive template that will guide you through the intricate process of crafting an exceptional thesis in English, tailored specifically for the academic landscape of Guangdong Province.Introduction:The introduction is your opportunity to captivate your reader's attention and provide a concise overview of your research. Begin with a compelling hook that highlights the significance and relevance of your topic. Proceed to outline the background information, clearly stating the research problem or question you aim to address. Conclude the introduction with awell-crafted thesis statement that encapsulates the core argument or objective of your study.Literature Review:In this section, you will demonstrate your command of the existing body of knowledge related to your research topic. Critically analyze and synthesize the relevant literature, identifying gaps, contradictions, or areas that warrant further exploration. Organize your literature review thematically or chronologically, ensuring a logical flow that builds a strong foundation for your research. Remember to cite your sources meticulously, adhering to the prescribed citation style of your institution.Methodology:This chapter outlines the methodological approach you employed in conducting your research. Clearly describe the research design, data collection methods, sampling techniques, and analytical procedures. Justify your choices and address any potential limitations or ethical considerations associated with your methodology. Aim for transparency and replicability, enabling future researchers to follow in your footsteps or build upon your work.Results and Analysis:In this pivotal section, you will present the findings of your research, supported by robust data analysis. Organize your results in a logical and coherent manner, using tables, figures, or other visual aids to enhance clarity and readability. Interpret your findings objectively, drawing connections to your research questions or hypotheses. Discuss any unexpected or contradictory results, offering plausible explanations or acknowledging the need for further investigation.Discussion and Implications:Building upon your analysis, the discussion section allows you to delve deeper into the broader implications of your research. Relate your findings to the existing literature, highlighting how your study contributes to the field or challenges prevailing theories or assumptions. Explore the practical applications or policy implications of your research, underscoring its significance and potential impact. Address the limitations of your study and suggest avenues for future research.Conclusion:The conclusion serves as a powerful closing statement, synthesizing the key points and findings of your research. Reaffirm your thesis statement and summarize the major contributions of your study. Avoid introducing new information or arguments in this section. Instead, provide a concise and compelling summary that leaves a lasting impression on your reader.Throughout your thesis, maintain a formal and academic tone, adhering to the conventions of academic writing in English. Pay close attention to grammar, spelling, and coherence, ensuring that your ideas are communicated with clarity and precision. Enlist the assistance of peer reviewers, supervisors, or professional editors to refine your work and enhance its overall quality.Remember, the path to a successful thesis is paved with dedication, perseverance, and a willingness to learn and grow. Embrace the challenges and celebrate the accomplishments along the way. Your thesis is not merely a academic exercise; it is a testament to your intellectual prowess, critical thinking abilities, and contribution to the ever-expanding realm of knowledge.Embrace this ultimate template, and let it guide you through the intricate labyrinth of thesis writing in English in GuangdongProvince. May your words resonate, your arguments persuade, and your research leave an indelible mark on the academic landscape.。
chap4管理
High-performance insight
Summary
What You Should Be Able to Do
List the main types of selection interviews Explain and illustrate at least six factors that affect the usefulness of interviews Explain and illustrate each guideline for being a more effective interviewer
How to Structure and Conduct Your Interview
Base questions on actual job duties Use knowledge, situational questions and objective criteria to evaluate Train interviewers Use same questions
Computers, not people Specific questions Multiple-choice format Requires concentration Helps reject unacceptable candidates Saves time
Purpose
Behavioral
Psychological
Puzzle Questions
“Mike and Todd have $21 between them. Mike has $20 more than Todd. How much money has mike, and how much money has Todd?”
Chapter Four
Gender Masculine Feminine
Case English- case category is realized in three channels: Inflection e.g teacher’s Following a preposition : with/to him Word order e.g. John kicked Peter. Nominative 主格 Accusative 宾格 Genitive 属格
4.1.1 Number, gender and case Number- grammatical category for the analysis of word classes displaying such contrast as singular, dual, plural.
Number Singular Plural Dual: used in Greek as ‘both’ in English animate inanimate
Restriction: syntactic and semantic condition.
e.g. * Drinking tea likes Tom (semantic) * Drinking tea Tom likes (syntactic)
Paradigmatic (聚合关系) A relation holding between elements replaceable with each other at a particular place in a structure, or between on element present and other absent. It equals to the relation of substitutability. e.g. The smiles. man boy girl Restriction: syntactic condition
Chapter 4 课后答案
Chapter 4答案Syntax1. Define the following terms briefly.(1)syntax: the term used to refer to the structure of sentences and to the studyof sentence structure.(2)word class: a group of words which are similar in function; words which aregrouped into word classes according to how they combine with other words,how they change their forms, etc.(3)prescriptive approach: This view regards grammar as a set of rules for the“proper” use of a language, that’s to say, it tries to lay down rules to tell peoplehow to use a language.(4)descriptive approach: the approach of linguistic studies, with which linguistscollect samples of the language they are interested in and attempt to describethe regular structures of the language as they are used, not according to someview of how they should be used.(5)IC analysis: the approach to divide the sentence up into its immediate constituentsby using binary cutting until obtaining its ultimate constituents.For example, the immediate constituents of “The man bought a car” are theman and bought a car. The immediate constituents of the man are the andman, and so on until no further cuts can be made. The ultimate constituentsof “The man bought a car” at the word level are the, man, bought, a, and car.(6)structural analysis: a type of descriptive approach to study the distribution oflinguistic forms in a language through such methods as the use of “test frames”.(7)immediate constituent: Linguistic units can be divided into small constituents,which can be further analyzed into smaller constituents. This processcontinues until no further divisions are possible. The first division or unitsare known as immediate constituents.(8)ultimate constituent: Linguistic units can be divided into small constituents,which can be further analyzed into smaller constituents. This process continuesuntil no further divisions are possible. The final division or units areknown as ultimate constituents.(9)constituent structural grammar: It refers to a grammar which analyzes sentencesusing only the idea of constituency, which reveals a hierarchy of structurallevels.(10) transformational grammar: a type of grammar which attempts to define anddescribe by a set of rules or principles all the grammatical sentences (withoutungrammatical ones) of a language.(11) ideational function: the use of language as a means of giving structure to ourexperience of the real or imaginary world.(12) interpersonal function: the use of language for maintaining social roles andinteracting with others.(13) textual function: to create written or spoken texts which cohere within themselvesand which fit the particular situation in which they are used.2. Yes. As we know, morphology is the study of the internal structure, forms andclasses of words, while syntax focuses on the structure and ordering of componentswithin a sentence. The major distinction between morphology and syntaxis that the former is concerned with the internal composition of a word, while thelatter is concerned with the combination of words.3.(2) Instead of using the form “suggest somebody to do something”, we usually use “suggest + that-clause” or “suggest doing”, here we’d better substitute “advise” for “suggest”(4)The word “request” is a transitive verb which should take an object directly,so the word “for” should be omitted.(6)The word “donate” cannot be followed by double objects as “donate somebody something”. Instead we always use “donate something to somebody”.(10) The subject of the verb “write” is usually a human; an “article” cannot write itself. In this case the passive construction is normally used: The article was very well writ en.(11) Usually we don’t use “be bored of something/somebody”, but “be bored withsomething/somebody” which means losing intere st in somebody/something.(13) Here “myself ” is a reflexive pronoun, which can’t be used as subject, and itshould be replaced by “I”.(14) The word “surprise” is usually used as a transitive verb, so the expression“…surprise for you” is ungrammatical, a nd it can be replaced by “surprisesomebody (with something)” or “I was surprised by your getting married.”(15) The word “sleep” is usually used as an intransitive verb, which can’t take anobject. The cases of “sleep” being used as a transitive verb are semanticallylimited, as in “to sleep a good sleep” or “the room can sleep 3 people”.4.It’s ungrammatical, because “us” is the objective case which can’t serve as the subject,while “she” is the subjective case which can’t serve as the object. The sentenceshould be “We visit her on Sundays”. The personal pronouns “you” and “it” havethe same form whether used as the subject or object.5.(1) NP: A Guns “N” Roses concert, an arena, some 2500 fans, afull-fledged riot,A Guns “N” Roses concert at an arena , A Guns “N” Roses concert at an arenanear ST. Louis ,The trouble, venue security, a camera, the front, the stage, thefront of the stage. PP: at an arena, at an arena near ST. Louis, near ST. Louis,in disaster, near the front, of the stage, near the front of the stage. VP: stageda full-fledged riot, asked venue security, confiscate a camera.(2)N: Guns, Roses, concert, arena, ST. Louis, disaster, fans, riot, trouble, Axl Rose, venue, security, camera, front, stage. Prep: at, near, in, of. V: end, stage,start, ask, confiscate, see.6.(1) You mustn’t end a sentence with a preposition.You mustn’t split infinitives.7. (i)SNP VP AdvArt N V NP Prep NPArt N Art NThe dog bit the man in the car.(ii)SArt NArt NPrep NPNP VPArt N V NP PThe dog bit the man in the car.8. (1)a. Terry loves his wife and I love his wife, too.b. I love my wife as well as Terry loves his wife.(2) a. It’s yesterday that they said she would go.b. She would go yesterday as they said.(3) a. The governor is a street fighter who is dirty.b. The governor is a fighter in a dirty street.(4) a. The design has squares and circles, both of which are big.b. The design has big squares, and it also has some circles. (The sizes of the circles are not mentioned.)。
unit five outline
8
Part Two Types of the outline
• • • • • • 2. Formal Outline 3) Kinds of formal outline (1) Topic outline (2) Sentence outline (3) Paragraph outline (4) Combination outline
9
Formal Outline
• (1) Topic outline • It is widely used because the wording is brief. • Some tips in writing a topic outline: • Recall that all headings and subheadings must be words or phrases, not sentences. • Also, the wording within each division must be parallel.
3
Part One The role of the outline
• 2. Purpose • To amplify the many ideas inherent in the thesis statement and to show their relationships, each to the others.
6
Part Two Types of the outline
• • • • Two types Preliminary outline Formal outline 1. Preliminary outline (brainstorming ideas) • It will help organize your ideas and shape these ideas into the paper design.
Chapter Four
Section III Sample Learning— Sample One
• Answer telephones, take messages, answer routine questions, and transfer calls to （转接）appropriate individuals • Greets visitors and callers, handle their inquiries（查询）, and directs them to the appropriate persons according to their needs Knowledge, Skills, Abilities: • Must possess knowledge of MS suite（微软配套软件） (Word, Excel, PowerPoint) • Must have organizational skills. • Must be customer service-oriented（以服务为导向的） Education Requirements: • High school diploma or equivalent（同等的） Work Experience Requirements: One to Four years’ experience as a secretary
Section III Sample Learning— Sample One
1) How does a secretary provide his or her personal support to the company? organizing administrative duties and Through conducting and _______________ activities. 2) What are the duties of a secretary? Office paper work, travel arrangements, maintaining office systems and calls work schedules, handling telephone _______________ and receiving visitors _______________ . 3) What is required of a secretary in terms of customer service? A secretary should be customer service-oriented. _________________________________________________________. 4) What kind of computer skills should the candidate be able to handle? ____________________________________________________. Word, Excel, PowerPoint
chapter 4 (the first half)SS
注：This is a book 属 于句子范畴；book, boy, dog, desk, etc属于 名词范畴；beautiful, ugly 属于形容词范畴。 范畴就是分大类。
4.2.1 Word-level categories
A fundamental fact about words in all human languages is that they can be grouped together into a relatively small number of classes, called syntactic categories, which can generally substitute for one another without loss of grammaticality. This is a book. Mary loves Jim. This is a desk. Mary hates Jim This is a tomb. Mary likes Jim.
The special type of grammatical mechanism that regulates the arrangement of elements that make up a phrase is called a phrase structure rule. →consist of / branch into
3. Coordinated categories must be of the same type. 4. The category type of the coordinate phrase is identical to the category type of the elements being conjoined.
Homework_chapter_4
Chapter 4 Course-worksA. Discussion questions:1. Any real spring has mass. If this mass is taken into account, explain qualitatively how this will affect the period of oscillation of a block-spring system.2. What changes could you make in a block-spring harmonic oscillator that would double the maximum speed of the oscillating block.3. What would happen to the motion of an oscillating system if the sign of the force term (-kx ) were changed.4. How can you prove experimentally that energy can be transported by a wave?5. Energy can be transferred by particles as well as waves. How can we experimentally distinguish between these methods of energy transfer?6. When two waves interfere, does one alter the progress of the other? Explain7. When two waves interfere, is there a loss of energy? Explain your answer8. If two waves differ only in magnitude and travel in opposite directions through a medium, will they produce standing waves? Is energy transported? Are there any nodes? (Maple)B. Vibrations1. A particle with mass m =2.00 × 10-2 kg is in SHM at the end of a spring with spring constant k = 50.0 N/m. The initial displacement and velocity of the particle is3.00 ×10-2 m and –1.32 m/s respectively. Calculate (1) the angular frequency; (2) the initial phase; (3) the amplitude of the vibration; (4) the period;(5) the frequency. (example in lecture)2. Suppose that an electron moves in the addition of two vibrations which are along x-axis and y-axis respectively and then the vibrational equations are given asTheir compositive orbit in x-y plane isSuppose that A 1 =2, A 2 =3 and ϕ1 - ϕ2 = π/4. Please try to(1) draw the electron path of motion on x-y plane; (2) determine its direction of motion (clockwise or anticlockwise).3. 3. A 50.0 g stone is attached to the bottom of a vertical spring and set vibrating. If the maximum speed of the stone is 15.0 cm/s and the period is 0.500 s, find (a) )cos()cos(2211ϕωϕω+=+=t A y t A x )(sin )cos(21221221222212ϕϕϕϕ-=--+A A xy A y A xthe spring constant (b) the amplitude of the motion, and (c) the frequency of oscillation.B. Waves4.A source of wave moves in SHM. Its equation of motion is s = 0.04 cos(2.5 t)(m). This wave propagates in a medium along positive x-direction at the speed of 100 m s-1. Try to find: (1) wave equation of motion; (2) the displacement and velocity of the point mass which is 20 meters away from the wave source at the time of 1.0 second after the wave source starts its motion.5.There are two coherent wave sources propagating in the same medium. Theirfrequency is 660Hz, their amplitude is A = 0.5m and the propagating velocity is 330 m/s. The two waves interfere at point P. (1). For two sources which are in phase, calculate the amplitude at P when AP = 12 m and BP = 15 m; (2) for the two sources which are out of phase, calculate the amplitude at the same point P. 6.An observer standing on the railway side hears a train moving away at the speedof 40.8 m/s with a horn frequency of 375Hz. It is known that the velocity of sound is 340 m/s in air. Find the original frequency of the horn on the train.7.when a 400-g mass is hung at the end of a vertical spring, the spring stretches 35cm. what is the spring constant of the spring, and how much further will it stretch if an additional 400-g mass is hung form it?8. a 200-g mass vibrates horizontally without friction at the end of a horizontalspring for which k = 7.0 N/m. The mass is displaced 5.0 cm from equilibrium and released. Find (a) its maximum speed and (b) its speed when it is 3.0 cm from equilibrium, (c) What it acceleration in each of these cases?。
英语专业毕业论文写作Chapter4ShapeanOutline
Deductive Method &Inductive Method
• What is deductive method and what is inductive method?
• Remember to make good use of the two methods to develop the process of raising arguments in thesis writing to make the stand persuasive.
• Deductive method: Arguments before facts • Inductive method: Facts before arguments
7
Assignment
• Continue reading the course book • Try to think out 2-3 titles for your
3
More about Outline
• In the body, we can also illustrate as below: -----------------------------------------------------
↗Argument → facts and details Theme → Argument → facts and details
• decide which materials will be used and which materials will be left out.
5
Consideration
• Discussion: • Which is better, a brief outline, or a detailed
Chapter 4 four
and half of the time she faces a player who wants to avoid her.
• That is, player 1 thinks that with probability 1/2 she is playing the game shown by the left matrix in the figure below and with probability 1/2 she is playing the game shown by the right matrix.
• Given these beliefs and her belief about the likelihood of each type, she can calculate her expected payoff to each of her actions.
• For example, if she thinks that the type who wishes to meet her will choose B and the type who wishes to avoid her will choose S.
• In some situations, a participant may be well informed about her opponents’ characteristics, but may not know how well these opponents are informed about her own characteristics.
批注本地保存成功开通会员云端永久保存去开通
Chapter IV
[Static Game with Incomplete Information]
英语四级阅读主题题
英语四级阅读主题题（经典版）编制人：__________________审核人：__________________审批人：__________________编制单位：__________________编制时间：____年____月____日序言下载提示：该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的，希望大家下载后，能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
文档下载后可定制修改，请根据实际需要进行调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种类型的经典范文，如工作报告、致辞讲话、条据书信、合同范本、规章制度、应急预案、心得体会、教学资料、作文大全、其他范文等等，想了解不同范文格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by this editor. I hope that after you download it, it can help you solve practical problems. The document can be customized and modified after downloading, please adjust and use it according to actual needs, thank you!Moreover, our store provides various types of classic sample essays, such as work reports, speeches, policy letters, contract templates, rules and regulations, emergency plans, insights, teaching materials, essay encyclopedias, and other sample essays. If you want to learn about different sample formats and writing methods, please pay attention!英语四级阅读主题题四级考试中阅读理解的题型，以细节性题为主。
双线英文作文写作提纲主线副线
双线英文作文写作提纲主线副线全文共2篇示例，仅供读者参考双线英文作文写作提纲主线副线1:Certainly! Writing an outline for a dual-track English essay involves crafting a cohesive main line of argumentation supported by subordinate lines. Here's a detailed guide on how to structure your essay:Title: Crafting a Dual-Track English Essay: Constructing Main and Subordinate Lines of ArgumentationI. IntroductionA. Hook: Engage the reader with a thought-provoking question, quote, or statistic.B. Background Information: Briefly introduce the concept of dual-track essay writing.C. Thesis Statement: Clearly state the main argument and outline the subordinate lines of argumentation.II. Main Line of ArgumentationA. Topic Sentence: Introduce the primary argument or viewpoint.B. Supporting Evidence: Provide examples, statistics, or expert opinions to bolster the main argument.C. Analysis: Interpret the evidence and explain its significance in relation to the thesis statement.D. Transition: Connect the main line of argumentation to the first subordinate line.III. First Subordinate Line of ArgumentationA. Topic Sentence: Introduce the first supporting argument or perspective.B. Evidence: Present relevant examples, anecdotes, or data to support the subordinate argument.C. Explanation: Analyze the evidence and clarify its relevance to the main argument.D. Connection: Relate the subordinate line of argumentation back to the main thesis.IV. Second Subordinate Line of ArgumentationA. Topic Sentence: Introduce the second supportingargument or perspective.B. Evidence: Provide supporting examples, case studies, or quotations.C. Analysis: Interpret the evidence and discuss its implications.D. Integration: Explain how this subordinate argument complements or contrasts with the first subordinate line and reinforces the main argument.V. Synthesis of Main and Subordinate LinesA. Recapitulation: Summarize the main argument and subordinate lines of argumentation.B. Reaffirmation of Thesis: Restate the thesis statement, emphasizing how the main and subordinate lines collectively support it.C. Significance: Discuss the broader implications or relevance of the essay's arguments.D. Call to Action or Conclusion: Encourage the reader to reflect on the presented ideas or propose further avenues for research.VI. ConclusionA. Recap: Summarize the key points discussed in the essay.B. Final Thought: Leave the reader with a memorable insight, question, or call to action.C. Closing Remark: Reinforce the significance of the essay's argument and its relevance in broader contexts.VII. ReferencesA. Cite all sources used in the essay according to the preferred citation style (e.g., APA, MLA).Crafting a dual-track English essay requires meticulous planning and organization to ensure coherence and clarity. By following this outline, you can effectively structure your essay with a strong main argument supported by well-developed subordinate lines of argumentation.双线英文作文写作提纲主线副线2:Title: Dual-track English Writing Outline: Main and Sub ThemesIntroduction:English writing is a crucial skill that is essential for academic and professional success. Dual-track writing is a technique that enables writers to incorporate both main and sub-themes into their writing, making it more effective and engaging. In this article, we will explore the concept ofdual-track writing and provide an outline for incorporating main and sub-themes into your English writing.Main Theme:The main theme is the central idea or topic of your writing. It is the primary message that you want to convey to your readers. To identify the main theme, ask yourself, "What is the main point I am trying to make?" Your answer to this question will be the main theme of your writing.Sub-Themes:Sub-themes are secondary ideas that support and enhance the main theme. They provide additional information or context to help the reader understand the main theme. To identify sub-themes, ask yourself, "What other ideas or concepts relate to my main theme?" Your answers to thisquestion will be your sub-themes.Outline:1. Introduction:A. Definition of dual-track writingB. Importance of incorporating main and sub-themes in writing2. Main Theme:A. Definition of main themeB. How to identify the main themeC. Examples of main themes in different types of writing3. Sub-Themes:A. Definition of sub-themesB. How to identify sub-themesC. Examples of sub-themes in different types of writing4. Incorporating Main and Sub-Themes:A. Importance of incorporating sub-themes to support the main themeB. Techniques for integrating sub-themes into writingC. Examples of effective use of main and sub-themes in writing5. Conclusion:A. Recap of main and sub-themes in dual-track writingB. Importance of using dual-track writing in English writingC. Call to action for writers to incorporate main andsub-themes in their writingConclusion:Dual-track writing is a powerful technique that can help writers create more effective and engaging English writing. By incorporating both main and sub-themes, writers can provide their readers with a clear and comprehensive message. Use the outline provided in this article to incorporate dual-track writing into your own writing and take your English writing skills to the next level.。
Academic Writing(9)
1. Writing the rough draft
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Writing Style Starting the Paper Writing the Body of the Paper Integrating Resource Information Ending the Paper Selecting a Title
b. State your position on the topic you have chosen.
Seldom do we have the chance to watch a dramatic character develop throughout various works by the same author. It is, therefore, a fascinating glimpse into the mind of playwright Arthur Miller to follow the growth of Roslyn. She is first apparent in the thoughts of the cowboys, Gay, Perce, and Guide in "The Misfits," but does not actually appear in the story. Roslyn is unmistakable, however, in another short story, "Please Don't Kill Anything," although she is not named but is referred to as "the girl." Miller finally combined the two characters for the Roslyn of The Misfits, which he called a cinema-novel because it used the perspective of film and its images; it was also the basis of the screenplay he wrote for the film of the same name.
新职业英语 土建英语 Unit 4
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Unit 4 Constructing A Building
Reading A
设计师在建筑施工期间要时刻和施工单位
的人员保持密切的联系，这样他就可以随时评
估施工现场的条件、建筑材料和和工作的具体 情况，如果有必要，根据这些情况及时更改或 完善设计。
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Unit 4 Constructing A Building
Warming-up
Task 1 Read the diagram and translate the parties in construction project from English into Chinese.
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Unit 4 Constructing A Building
Reading A
The employees on a building site should be given training in work skills and health and
safety procedures. With the development of
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Unit 4 Constructing A Building
Reading A
The designer must be in close contact with
everything that is done during the construction
work so he can evaluate any changes in the site conditions, materials and work and, if necessary,
OUTLINING
• Helps you organize your ideas • Presents your material in a logical form
• Shows the relationships among ideas in your writing
• Your title will be the umbrella under which you place your main topics and subtopics.
• Remember to use Roman numerals, upper and lower case letters, and numbers.
• A scratch outline is a collection of notes or ideas that needs to be refined and expanded. It’s a raw material rather than a finished product.
• A formal outline shows evidence of thought, revision, planning, or research. It uses a prescribed format: Roman numerals, upper case letters, numbers, and lower case letters. It may be further expanded or revised as research progresses.
OUTLINING
Making and Using an Outline
第一页，共二十页。
Making an outline
The Process
Supporting Details
II. Body Paragraph #1: Topic Sentence: The way you dress can have a big impact on an interview panel's first impressions of you. A. Men and women should consider wearing dark suits. B. Conservative dress will show the interview panel you are serious about what you do. C. Don't carry too many things into the interview. A notebook, pens, and/or laptop computer should be carried in a briefcase. D. Hair and nails should be clean and neat.
批注本地保存成功开通会员云端永久保存去开通
Making an Outline
A Plan That Builds an Essay
2001 by Ruth Luman
References
Introduction
What is an outline ?
Before you begin writing the first draft of your essay, it is best to make an outline. An outline is a general plan of what you are going to write. You can compare making an outline to drawing plans to build a house. Before one begins to build a house, it is best to draw up plans to make sure that a house is built in the way you want. The same is true with writing an essay and making an outline.
英语比赛的作文用英语
When preparing for an English competition,writing an essay in English requires careful planning,creativity,and a solid understanding of the language.Here are some steps and tips to help you craft a winning essay:1.Understand the Prompt:Before you start writing,make sure you fully understand the topic or question.If the prompt is ambiguous,clarify it with the organizers or your teacher.2.Brainstorm Ideas:Jot down all the ideas that come to your mind related to the topic. This will help you identify the main points you want to cover in your essay.3.Create an Outline:Organize your thoughts into a clear structure.A typical essay outline includes an introduction,body paragraphs,and a conclusion. Introduction:Introduce the topic and provide a thesis statement that summarizes your main argument or point of view.Body Paragraphs:Each paragraph should focus on one main idea that supports your e evidence,examples,or quotes to back up your points.Conclusion:Summarize your main points and restate your thesis in a new way.End with a closing statement that leaves a lasting impression.e Formal Language:Since its an academic competition,use formal language and avoid slang,contractions,and informal expressions.5.Vary Your Sentence Structure:Use a mix of simple,compound,and complex sentences to make your essay more engaging and easier to read.6.Proofread for Grammar and Spelling:Check your essay for grammatical errors, spelling mistakes,and punctuation issues.A wellwritten essay with correct grammar and spelling will make a better impression.7.Edit for Clarity and Coherence:Make sure your essay flows logically from one point to the next.Each paragraph should be connected to the next,and your ideas should be clear and easy to follow.e Transition Words:Transition words and phrases,such as however,furthermore,in addition,and on the other hand,help to connect your ideas and make your essay more cohesive.9.Cite Your Sources:If you are using information from other sources,make sure to citethem properly to avoid e a consistent citation style throughout your essay.10.Practice Time Management:If the competition has a time limit,practice writing under similar conditions to ensure you can complete your essay within the allotted time.11.Revise and Improve:After writing your first draft,take some time to review and revise your essay.Look for areas where you can improve clarity,add more evidence,or refine your argument.12.Get Feedback:If possible,have someone else read your essay and provide feedback. They might notice errors or areas for improvement that you missed.Remember,practice makes perfect.The more you write,the better you will become at expressing your thoughts in English and constructing compelling essays.Good luck in your English competition!。
用英语我写作业
When writing an assignment in English,its important to follow a structured approach to ensure clarity,coherence,and academic integrity.Here are some steps to guide you through the process:1.Understand the Assignment:Before you start writing,make sure you understand the question or prompt.If its not clear,consult your teacher or professor for clarification.2.Research:Conduct thorough research on the e reliable sources such as academic journals,books,and reputable websites.Take notes and keep track of your sources for citations.3.Outline:Create an outline to organize your thoughts and ideas.This should include an introduction,body paragraphs,and a conclusion.Each section should have a clear purpose and flow logically from one to the next.4.Introduction:Start with an engaging introduction that grabs the readers attention. Provide some background information on the topic and state your thesis statement,which is the main argument or point you will be making.5.Body Paragraphs:Each paragraph should focus on one main idea that supports your thesis.Start with a topic sentence,followed by evidence such as facts,statistics,or quotes, and then analyze how this evidence supports your argument.Make sure to use transition words to connect your ideas smoothly.6.Citations:Properly cite all the sources you use to avoid plagiarism.Follow the citation style required by your institution,such as APA,MLA,or Chicago.7.Conclusion:Summarize your main points and restate your thesis in a new way.The conclusion should leave a lasting impression on the reader and may include suggestions for future research or implications of your findings.8.Proofread:Carefully review your work for any grammatical,spelling,or punctuation errors.Also,check for clarity,coherence,and consistency in your arguments.9.Edit and Revise:Based on your proofreading,make necessary edits and revisions to improve the overall quality of your assignment.10.Format:Ensure your assignment is formatted according to the guidelines provided, which may include font size,margins,headings,and spacing.11.Submit:Once you are satisfied with your work,submit it on time through the appropriate channel,whether its a physical submission or an online portal.Remember,practice makes perfect.The more you write,the better you will become at expressing your thoughts in English and constructing wellorganized and persuasive assignments.。
英语历年真题考研
英语历年真题考研### English Postgraduate Entrance Examination: A Comprehensive GuideThe postgraduate entrance examination, a critical step for many aspiring scholars, is a rigorous process that tests a candidate's knowledge and skills in various subjects. English, being one of the core subjects, demands a high level of proficiency. Here's a guide to tackling the English sectionof the postgraduate entrance examination effectively.#### Understanding the FormatThe English exam typically consists of several sections, including reading comprehension, vocabulary, grammar, translation, and writing. Each section requires different strategies for preparation and execution.#### Reading ComprehensionThis section tests your ability to understand and analyze texts. To excel, you should:- Practice Active Reading: Engage with the material, make predictions, and question the content as you read.- Expand Vocabulary: Familiarize yourself with a wide rangeof words, especially those that are context-dependent.- Understand Context Clues: Learn to deduce the meaning of unfamiliar words from the surrounding text.#### VocabularyA robust vocabulary is essential for the English exam. Strategies include:- Memorize Synonyms and Antonyms: These are often tested in vocabulary questions.- Use Flashcards: They are an effective tool for memorization and quick recall.- Engage in Reading: The more you read, the more words you'll naturally encounter and learn.#### GrammarMastering grammar is crucial for both understanding and constructing sentences correctly. Key steps include:- Study Grammar Rules: Understand the function of each part of speech and how they work together.- Practice with Exercises: Regular practice helps reinforce grammar rules.- Learn from Mistakes: Analyze incorrect answers to understand where you went wrong.#### TranslationTranslation tests your ability to convert text from one language to another accurately. Tips for this section are:- Understand Cultural Nuances: Translation is not just linguistic; it's also cultural.- Practice with Various Texts: Diversify the types of texts you translate to be prepared for any content.- Revise Common Errors: Keep a record of mistakes and reviewthem regularly.#### WritingThe writing section assesses your ability to express thoughts coherently and effectively. To succeed, consider:- Plan Your Composition: Outline your ideas before you start writing.- Use a Variety of Sentence Structures: This demonstrates your command of the language.- Proofread: Check for grammatical errors and clarity of expression.#### Time ManagementEffective time management is vital. Allocate time for each section, and practice under timed conditions to simulate the exam environment.#### Mock TestsTaking mock tests is one of the best ways to prepare. They help you:- Familiarize with the Exam Pattern: Understand the structure and flow of the exam.- Identify Weak Areas: Pinpoint sections where you need more practice.- Build Confidence: Regular practice boosts your confidence and reduces exam anxiety.#### Review and ReflectAfter each study session or mock test, review what you'velearned and reflect on your performance. This helps in:- Identifying Patterns: Recognize recurring mistakes and areas of difficulty.- Adjusting Strategies: Modify your preparation techniques based on your performance.- Improving Consistently: Continuous reflection leads to incremental improvements.#### ConclusionPreparing for the English section of the postgraduate entrance examination requires a strategic approach, combining knowledge acquisition with practical skills. By focusing on understanding the exam format, practicing regularly, and reflecting on your performance, you can enhance your chances of success. Remember, consistency is key in mastering any subject, and the English postgraduate entrance examination is no exception.。
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Formal Outlines: A Blue Print
A formal outline should portray clearly the design of a paper. It will less detailed than your working outline. The purpose of a formal outline is to show graphically the order, the unity, and the relative parts of an essay.
Working Efficiently with Your Outlines
An outline is a tool, not a shackle. Make good use of your outline and do not let it enslave you. A good outline evolves; it is not composed in a single operation.
Running Outlines
A running outline simply tabulates facts and opinions in the random order in which they pop into your mind.
Topical Maps
A more sophisticated form of running outline is a topical map. It might be described as controlled brainstorming. It encourages you to see relationships among ideas.
Categorize
To put people or things into groups according to what type they are
Procedure of Outlining
Formulation of an overall idea Division of material into main points Sensible organization of supporting material for each main point
Working Outlines
A step between your running outline and the first rough draft Analyzing your running outline will help you arrange your main points in a logical order
Chapter Four
Constructing Your Outline
Manipulation and Management of Words and soldiers
上问(韩信)曰：“如我能将几何？”信曰： “陛下不过能将十万。”上曰：“於君何 如？”曰：“臣多多而益善耳。”上笑曰： “多多益善，何为为我禽？”信曰：“陛下 不能将兵，而善将将，此乃言之所以为陛下 禽也。且陛下所谓天授，非人力也。”
《史记卷九十二· 淮阴侯列传第三十二》
What is an OUTLINE?
A plan formed by mature consideratiof all the schemes which might be offered, and all the information which can be procured. It is about how you will organize a thesis and what you are organizing.
Combination Outline
In a combination outline, the main topics are sentences, and the subtopics are phrases. Writing a sentence for each main topic may help you identify and adhere to the central idea unifying that portion of your paper. Writing the subtopics as phrases enables you to determine their most logical relationship.
A Checklist for Constructing Your Outline
I have made a running outline to help me explore and organize my ideas about my topic. I have made a topical map or used some brainstorming activity to help me explore and organize my ideas about my topic. I have tried several arrangements of ideas to see what seems most appropriate for my topic and approach. After I completed the first draft of my paper, I wrote an outline of it to evaluate the logic and effectiveness of my organization.
From Topic to the Final Draft: An Outline-oriented Frame of Mind All the Time
Judging the relevance of facts and opinions Organizing your ideas in paragraphs Determining their most effective order
Conventions of Outlining
Sentence Outline
A sentence outline is obviously the most informative type, but it often seems verbose (啰嗦).
Topic Outline
A topic outline is concise but often seems uninformative because it includes very little of the substance of an essay. A topic outline is the skeleton of an essay—all bones and no flesh.
Types of Outlines
It can be both formal and informal. It is open to changes, modification, revision and improvement. Running Outline & Working Outline Sentence Outline, Topic Outline & Combination Outline
What should an outline do for you?
Allowing you to order, categorize, and plan your writing Use the word processor to type the outline and then convert outline to prose when you are completely satisfied with the content and the logic flow.