材料科学基础英文版 1
材料科学基础 英文
材料科学基础英文## Materials Science Fundamentals.Introduction.Materials science is the study of the properties and applications of materials. It is a multidisciplinary field that draws on physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering. Materials scientists seek to understand how the atomic and molecular structure of materials affects their properties, and how these properties can be tailored to meet specific needs.Classification of Materials.Materials can be classified into several broad categories based on their properties and applications:Metals: Metals are typically strong, ductile, and good conductors of electricity and heat. They include iron,steel, aluminum, and copper.Ceramics: Ceramics are hard, brittle, and resistant to heat and corrosion. They include glass, porcelain, andtiles.Polymers: Polymers are long, chain-like molecules that are flexible and lightweight. They include plastics, rubber, and fibers.Composites: Composites are made from two or more different materials that are combined to create a material with properties that are better than either of theindividual materials. Examples include fiberglass andcarbon fiber composites.Properties of Materials.The properties of materials are determined by their atomic and molecular structure. Some of the most important properties include:Strength: The ability of a material to resist deformation or fracture.Ductility: The ability of a material to be stretched or drawn into wires.Hardness: The ability of a material to resist scratching or abrasion.Toughness: The ability of a material to absorb energy without fracturing.Electrical conductivity: The ability of a material to conduct electricity.Thermal conductivity: The ability of a material to conduct heat.Corrosion resistance: The ability of a material to resist chemical attack.Applications of Materials.Materials are used in a wide variety of applications, including:Structural components: Metals, ceramics, and composites are used to build bridges, buildings, and other structures.Electronic devices: Metals, semiconductors, and polymers are used to make transistors, capacitors, and other electronic components.Medical devices: Ceramics, polymers, and metals are used to make implants, surgical instruments, and other medical devices.Transportation: Metals, composites, and polymers are used to make cars, airplanes, and other vehicles.Consumer products: Plastics, metals, and ceramics are used to make a wide variety of consumer products, including toys, appliances, and furniture.Materials Science Research.Materials science is a rapidly growing field, with new materials being developed all the time. Researchers are working to create materials that are stronger, lighter, more durable, and more efficient. This research is leading to new advances in a variety of fields, including:Renewable energy: Materials scientists are developing new materials for solar cells, wind turbines, and other renewable energy technologies.Medical technology: Materials scientists are developing new materials for implants, drug delivery systems, and other medical devices.Transportation: Materials scientists are developing new materials for lighter, more fuel-efficient vehicles.Consumer products: Materials scientists are developing new materials for more durable, more sustainable consumerproducts.Conclusion.Materials science is a vital field that plays a keyrole in our modern world. By understanding the properties and applications of materials, we can create new technologies that improve our lives and make the world a better place.## 材料科学基础。
材料科学基础_概念中英文
材料科学基础重要概念（中英文）晶体学基础晶体学（crystallography）布喇菲点阵（Bravais lattice）晶体生成学（crystallogeny）体心化（body centering）晶体结构学（crytallogy）底心化（base centering）晶体化学（crystallochemistry）特殊心化（special centering）晶体结构（crystal structure）晶面（crystal plane）点阵平移矢量（lattice translation vector）晶（平）面指数（crystal – plane indice）初级单胞（primitive cell）晶带（zone）点阵常数（lattice parameter）倒易空间（reciprocal space）对称变换（symmetry translation）参考球（reference sphere）主动操作（active operation）经线（longitude）国际符号（international notation）赤道平面（equator plane）点对称操作（point symmetry operation）极网（pole net）旋转操作（rotation operation）结构基元（motif）二次旋转轴（two - fold axe, diad）晶体几何学（geometrical crystallography）四次旋转轴（four – fold axe, tetrad）晶体物理学（crystallographysics）镜像（mirror image）等同点（equivalent point）对形关系（enantiomorphic relation）点阵（lattice）反演（inversion）初基矢量（primitive translation vector）晶系（crystal system）复式初基单胞（multiple – primitive cell）单斜晶系（monoclinic system）对称元素（symmetry element）四方晶系（正方晶系）（tetragonal system）对称群（symmetry group）六方晶系（hexagonal system）被动操作（passive operation）熊夫利斯符号（Schoenflies notation）点阵有心化（centering of lattice）恒等操作（单位操作）（identity）面心化（face centering）旋转轴（rotation axe）单面心化（one – face centering）三次旋转轴（three – fold axe, triad）晶向（crystal direction）六次旋转轴（six – fold axe, hexad）晶向（方向）指数（crystal – direction indice）镜面（mirror plane）晶面族（form of crystal - plane）同宇（congruent）倒易点阵（reciprocal lattice）旋转反演（rotation - inversion）极射赤面投影（stereographic projection）三斜晶系（triclinic system）参考网络（reference grid）正交晶系（斜方晶系）（orthogonal system）纬线（latitude）立方晶系（cubic system）吴氏网（Wulff net）菱方晶系（rhombohedral system）标准投影网（standard projection）晶体结构晶体结构（crystal structure）鲍林规则（Pauling’s rule）结构符号（structure symbol）氧化物结构（oxide structure）致密度（空间填充效率）（efficiency of space 岩盐结构（rock structure）filling）纤维锌矿结构（wurtzite structure）配位数（coordination number）闪锌矿结构（zinc blende structure）配位多面体（coordination polyhedra）尖晶石结构（spinel structure）拓扑密堆相（topologically close – packed α-Al2O3型结构（corundum structure）phase）金红石结构（rutile structure）金属晶体（metal crystal）萤石结构（fluorite structure）离子晶体（ionic crystal）钙钛矿结构（perovskite structure）共价晶体（covalent crystal）钛铁矿结构（ilmenite structure）分子晶体（molecular crystal）氯化铯结构（cesium chloride structure）原子半径和离子半径（atomic radius and ionic 硅酸盐（silicate）radius）链状硅酸盐（chain silicate）原子结构体积（volume of structure per atom）层状硅酸盐（phyllo silicate）体密度（volumetric density,ρV）岛状硅酸盐（island silicate）面密度（planar density, ρP）骨架结构（framework structure）线密度（linear density, ρL）镁橄榄石结构（forsterite structure）金刚石结构（diamond structure）辉石（picrite）纳米碳管（carbon nano tube）粘土矿（clay mineral）置换固溶体（substitutional solid solution）高岭石（kaolinite）填隙固溶体（interstitial solid solution）云母（mica）尺寸因素（size factor）石英（quartz）价电子浓度（valance electron concentration）鳞石英（tridymite）电子化合物（electron compound）方石英（cristobalite）间隙化合物（interstitial compound）钙长石（anorthite）尺寸因素化合物（size–factor compound）分子筛（molecule sift）Laves相(Laves phase) 同素异构性（allotropy）σ相（σphase）多形性（polymorphism）有序固溶体（超结构）[ordered solid solution 准晶（quasicrystal）(super lattice) ] 彭罗斯拼砌（Penrose tiling）长程有序参数（long-range order parameter）短程有序参数（shot-range order parameter）晶体缺陷不完整性（imperfection）向错（disclination）点缺陷（point imperfection）沃特拉过程（V olterra’s process）空位（vacancy）刃型位错（edge dislocation）自间隙原子（self-interstitial）螺型位错（screw dislocation）构型熵（configuration entropy）混合型位错（mixed dislocation）肖脱基缺陷（Schottky defect）柏氏回路（Burgers circuit）弗兰克缺陷（Frenkel defect）柏氏矢量（Burgers vector）内禀点缺陷（intrinsic point defect）位错环（dislocation loop）非禀点缺陷（extrinsic point defect）位错密度（dislocation density）线缺陷（line imperfection）位错的弹性能（elastic energy of dislocation）位错（dislocation）位错线张力（tension of dislocation）位错宽度（width of dislocation）层错矢量（fault vector）保守运动（conservative motion）外延层错（extrinsic fault）非保守运动（nonconservative motion）层错能（stacking fault energy）滑移（slip）肖克莱部分为错（Shockley partial dislocation）滑动（glissile）铃木气团（Suzuki atmosphere）攀移（climb）弗兰克位错（Frank partial dislocation）自力（self-force）扩展位错（extended dislocation）渗透力（osmotic force）压杆位错（stair-rod partial dislocation）映像力（image force）Lomer-Cottrell 位错（Lomer-Cottrell弯结（kink）dislocation）割阶（jog）L-C阻塞（L-C Lock）柯垂尔气体（Cottrell atmosphere）赫斯阻塞（Hirth lock）史诺克气体（Snoek atmosphere）分位错（fractional dislocation）弗兰克-瑞德位错源（Frank-Read source）超点阵（superlattice）B-H位错源（Bardeen-Herring source）反相畴（Antiphase domain）位错塞积群（dislocation pile-up group）反相畴界（Antiphase boundary, APB）全位错（perfect dislocation）超位错（super-dislocation）堆垛层错（stacking fault）弗兰克-纳巴罗回路（Frank-Nabarro circuit）部分为错或不全位错（partial dislocation）向错强度（disclination strength）内禀层错（intrinsic fault）条纹织构（schlieren texture）表面能(surface energy) 适配(matching)晶界(grain boundary) 共格晶界(coherent boundary)小角度晶界（low angle grain boundary）非共格晶界(incoherent boundary)大角度晶界（high angle grain boundary 晶界迁移率(grain boundary mobility)倾转晶界（tilt boundary）取向关系(orientation relationship)扭转晶界（twist boundary）气泡(gas babble)相界(phase boundary) 空洞(void)扩散不可逆过程（irreversible process）传质过程（mass transport）扩散（diffusion）扩散距离（diffusion distance）唯象系数（phenomenological coefficient）间隙机制（interstitial mechanism）挤列结构（crowdion configuration）哑铃结构（dumbbell split configuration）空位机制（vacancy mechanism）换位机制（exchange mechanism）扩散流量（flux）参考系（reference frame）实验参考系（laboratory reference frame）点阵参考系（lattice reference frame）菲克第一定律（Fick’s first law）菲克第二定律（Fick’s second law）扩散系数（diffusion coefficient）禀性扩散系数（intrinsic diffusion coefficient）互扩散系数（mutual diffusion coefficient）自扩散系数（self-diffusion coefficient）稳态扩散（steady state diffusion）Kirkendall 效应（Kirkendall effect）Matano 平面（Matano interface）热力学因子（thermodynamic factor）同位素（isotope）示踪物（tracer）扩散偶（diffusion couple）误差函数（error function）哑变量（dummy）数值方法（numerical method）有限差分（finite-difference）收敛性（convergence）截断误差（truncation error）舍入误差（round-off error）相关系数（correlation factor）高扩散率通道（high-diffusivity path）体扩散（volume diffusion）晶界扩散（grain boundary diffusion）位错扩散（dislocation diffusion）表面扩散（surface diffusion）迁移率（mobility）渗透率（permeability）凝固分配系数（partition coefficient）枝晶偏析（dendrite segregation）区域提纯（zone-refining）亚共晶合金（hypoeutectic alloy）胞晶的形成（cell formation）过共晶合金（hypereutectic alloy）胞状树枝晶（cellular dendrite）片状（lamellar）柱状树枝晶（columnar dendrite）棒状（rod-like）共晶凝固（eutectic solidification）共晶领域（eutectic colony）包晶凝固（peritectic solidification）伪共晶（pseudo-eutectic）偏析（segregation）离异共晶（divorced eutectic）熔焊（fusion welding）激冷区（chill zone）快速凝固（rapid solidification process）柱状晶区（columnar zone）连续铸造（continuous casting）等轴晶区（equiaxed zone）树枝状显微偏析（dendritic microsegregation）收缩晶区（shrinkage cavity）非平衡杠杆定律（non-equilibrium lever rule）疏松（porosity）组分过冷（constitutional supercooling）非金属夹杂物（non-metallic inclusion）胞状组织（cellular structure）熔池（weld pool）二次枝晶（secondary dendrite）混合区（composite region）一次支晶（primary dendrite）热影响区（heat-affected zone）。
Basics of Material Science生物材料科学基础(双语)
4) Materials Design and Selection
2
Atomic
1) Atቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱmic Structure
2) Atomic and Ionic Arrangements
3) Imperfections in the Atomic and Ionic Arrangements
4) Atom and Ion Movements in Materials
Chapter
Title
Topic
1
Introduction to Material 1) What is Material Science and Engineering
Science and Engineering 2) Classification of Material
3) Environmental and Other Effects
2) Ceramic Materials 3) composites
24 south Section 1 Ring Road No.1 ChengDu, SiChuan 610065 P.R.China
Sichuan University
Department of Material Science and Engineering Basics of Material Science Course Syllabus
Course Name Basics of Material Science
Course No. Department
Course Descriptions
301101040
Material Science and Engineering
工学]材料科学基础英文版
![工学]材料科学基础英文版](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/f6de6d6c852458fb770b5628.png)
• Masses: Protons and Neutrons have the sag.
• Mass of an electron is much smaller, 9.11 × 10-31 kg and can be neglected in calculation of atomic mass. • The atomic mass (A) = mass of protons + mass of neutrons • # protons gives chemical identification of the element • # protons = atomic number (Z) • # neutrons defines isotope number
4
5
• This micrograph, which represents the surface of a gold specimen, was taken with a atomic force microscope (AFM). Individual atoms for this (111) crystallographic surface plane are resolved.
3
Length-scales
• Angstrom = 1Å = 1/10,000,000,000 meter = 10-10 m • Nanometer = 10 nm = 1/1,000,000,000 meter = 10-9 m • Micrometer = 1μm = 1/1,000,000 meter = 10-6 m • Millimeter = 1mm = 1/1,000 meter = 10-3 m • Interatomic distance ~ a few Å • A human hair is ~ 50 μm • Elongated bumps that make up the data track on CD are ~ 0.5 μm wide, minimum 0.83 μm long, and 125 nm high
材料科学基础英文版
材料科学基础英文版Material Science Fundamentals。
Material science is an interdisciplinary field that explores the properties of materials and their applications in various industries. It combines elements of physics, chemistry, engineering, and biology to understand the behavior of materials at the atomic and molecular levels. This English version of the material science fundamentals aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the key concepts and principles in this field.1. Introduction to Material Science。
Material science is concerned with the study of materials and their properties. It encompasses the discovery, design, and development of new materials, as well as the investigation of existing materials for specific applications. The field is essential for the advancement of technology and innovation in various industries, including aerospace, automotive, electronics, and healthcare.2. Atomic Structure and Bonding。
20172材料科学基础英文版
Segregation kinetics
C t C 0 Ceq C 0
1
exp
4Dt
2 2
d
2
erfc
4Dt
22d 2
2 Ceq Cg
erfc(x) = 1 – erf(x)
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(McLean, 1957)
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (3)
e.g., in structural materials, such as steel and Ni alloys Segregation of detrimental elements such as S, P, Sn, and Sb – decreasing the grain boundary cohesion – grain boundary weakening Segregation of beneficial elements such as B, C and Be – increasing the grain boundary cohesion – grain boundary strenthening
Gi
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i I, M
GI GI0 IM CMeq CMg
(Guttmann, 1975)
GM GM0 IM CIg
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(Seah, 1977)
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (2)
• Stress-induced non-equilibrium grain boundary
segregation – Introduction, experiment, results and discussion,
材料科学基础专业英语
晶界迁移 grain boundary migration
错配度 mismatch
驰豫 relaxation
重构 reconstruction
表面吸附 surface adsorption
表面能 surface energy
极性分子 Polar molecule
量子数 quantum number
价电子 valence electron
范德华键 van der waals bond
电子轨道 electron orbitals
点群 point group
对称要素 symmetry elements
面缺陷 interface defect
体缺陷 volume defect
位错排列 dislocation arrangement
位错线 dislocation line
刃位错 edge dislocation
螺位错 screw dislocation
混合位错 mixed dislocation
界面能 interfacial free energy
应变能 strain energy
晶体学取向关系 crystallographic orientation
惯习面 habit plane
第六章相图
相图 phase diagrams
相 phase
组分、组元component
投影图 Projection drawing
浓度三角形 Concentration triangle
冷却曲线 Cooling curve
材料科学基础的英语
材料科学基础的英语Materials Science Fundamentals.Materials science is an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of chemistry, physics, and engineering to the design, synthesis, and characterization of materials. It involves the study of the structure, properties, and performance of materials at various scales, from atomic to macroscopic.Atomic and Molecular Structure.Materials are composed of atoms or molecules that are arranged in specific patterns. The atomic or molecular structure of a material determines its properties. For example, the strength and hardness of a material are influenced by the number and arrangement of its constituent atoms.Crystallography.Crystallography is the study of the atomic and molecular structure of crystalline materials. Crystalline materials are solids in which atoms are arranged in a regular, periodic pattern, forming a crystal lattice. The crystal structure of a material has a significant impact on its physical and mechanical properties.Phase Transformations.Phase transformations are changes in the atomic or molecular structure of a material. These transformations can occur when a material is subjected to changes in temperature, pressure, or chemical composition. Phase transformations can result in changes in the properties of the material. For example, the transformation of a metal from a solid to a liquid state changes its strength and malleability.Thermodynamics.Thermodynamics is concerned with energy and itstransformations. In materials science, thermodynamics is used to predict the phase stability and behavior of materials. It helps to determine the conditions under which a material will undergo a phase transformation and the temperature and pressure at which it will occur.Kinetics.Kinetics is the study of the rates of processes and reactions. In materials science, kinetics is used to understand the mechanisms of phase transformations and other material processes. It helps to determine the time it will take for a process to occur and the conditions that will affect its rate.Mechanical Properties.The mechanical properties of a material describe its response to applied forces. These properties include strength, hardness, toughness, and elasticity. They are important for determining the suitability of a material for specific applications.Electrical Properties.The electrical properties of a material describe its ability to conduct or resist electric current. These properties include conductivity, resistivity, and capacitance. They are important for electronic applications, such as semiconductors and insulators.Thermal Properties.The thermal properties of a material describe itsability to transfer heat. These properties include thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and thermal expansion. They are important for thermal insulation, heat transfer, and temperature control applications.Optical Properties.The optical properties of a material describe its interaction with light. These properties include absorption, reflection, and refraction. They are important for opticaldevices, such as lenses, filters, and solar cells.Materials Characterization.Materials characterization techniques are used to analyze the structure, properties, and performance of materials. These techniques include X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and mechanical testing.Materials Design.Materials design is the process of creating newmaterials with specific properties for desired applications. It involves combining knowledge of materials science principles with mathematical modeling and simulation.Applications of Materials Science.Materials science has a wide range of applications in various industries, including:Electronics.Aerospace.Automotive.Healthcare.Energy.Construction.Conclusion.Materials science is a fundamental field that plays a vital role in advancing technology and improving our quality of life. It provides the understanding and tools necessary to design, create, and optimize materials for a wide range of applications.。
材料科学与工程基础大纲(英文)
.
3-2 Binary System Phase Diagrams
1、Binary Isomorphous System 2、Binary Eutectic System 3、Binary Peritectic System 4、Binary Equilibrium Diagrams Having Intermediate Phase or Compounds
•
Chapter 1 Crystallography
• 0-0 Introduction
• 0-1、Historical Perspective • 0-2、Materials Science and Engineering
• 0-3、Classification of Materials
• 0-4、Crystallography and Crystal Structures
Chapter 2
1、Vacancy Mechanisms
Diffusion
2-1 Diffusion Mechanisms
2、Interstitial Mechanisms
2-2 Macroscopic Theory of Diffusion
1、Steady-State Diffusion a、Fick`s First Law b、Example Problem 2、Nonsteady-State Diffusion a、Fick`s Second Law b、Example Problem
1-3 Crystallographic Directions
材料科学基础英文版
Crystal
1
1-1. Basic Concepts of Crystal
1) Definition of Crystal
• What is Crystal？
• Crystal and Amorphous
2
• People realized that there are two kinds of mineral in nature: Crystal and Amorphous.
• Crystal Structure = The periodic arrangement of atoms in the crystal.
11
=
? =
?
Lattice: Periodic repeating array
12
Lattice, Basis, Crystal Structure
Don't mix up atoms with lattice points
Diamond 4
Salt
Beryl
Quartz
Red Bee The building blocks of these two are identical, but different crystal faces are developed
Cleaving a crystal of rocksalt
• Lattice = An infinite array of points in space, in which each point has identical surroundings to all others.
• It can be described by associating with each lattice point a group of atoms called the Motif (Basis)
材料科学基础 英文版
Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering
To sum up, by learning this course, you could
Improve your English, learning new phrases or terms and concepts of materials science. Expand your knowledge about the Principal of Materials Science and Engineering. Know how to write an abstract ,a resume properly, how to do translation between English and Chinese; how to communicate effectively.
Course Organization(课堂组织)
We meet twice a week for two successive 50minute periods. The time will be used for text study, problem discussing, in-class practicing and practical skills training for example, translation skills training. You are allowed to use both English and Chinese, but the former is encouraged.
2．The iron-carbon system
Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering
材料科学基础英文
材料科学基础英文Materials science is a fascinating field that intertwines the properties of matter with its applications. It's the study of how the structure of materials at the atomic and molecular levels affects their overall properties.Understanding the atomic structure is crucial in materials science, as it dictates the material's hardness, strength, and electrical conductivity. This knowledge isvital for developing new materials that can withstand extreme conditions or perform specific functions.Advances in materials science have revolutionized industries such as aerospace, where lightweight yet strong materials are essential for efficient flight. The development of composite materials has been a game-changer, combining the strengths of different substances to create superior materials.Another key aspect of materials science is the study of material degradation and failure. By understanding how materials break down, scientists can develop strategies to prevent failure, ensuring the longevity and safety of structures and devices.Sustainability is also a growing concern in materials science. Researchers are exploring eco-friendly materials and processes to reduce the environmental impact of materialproduction and disposal.The future of materials science holds great promise. Nanotechnology, for instance, is enabling the manipulation of materials at the atomic scale, opening up new possibilities for material properties and applications.In conclusion, materials science is a dynamic and essential discipline that underpins many of the innovations we rely on in our daily lives. Its continued development is key to addressing global challenges and shaping the world of tomorrow.。
材料科学基础英语
材料科学基础英语English: Materials science is a multidisciplinary field that focuses on the study of properties and applications of materials. It encompasses various areas such as chemistry, physics, engineering, and biology to understand the behavior of materials at the atomic and molecular levels. The field is crucial for the development of new materials with enhanced properties and performance, as well as for the improvement of existing materials. Materials scientists work on the synthesis, processing, and characterization of materials to achieve specific properties and functionalities. They also investigate the relationship between the structure of materials and their properties, which is essential for designing and engineering new materials for various applications, including electronics, medicine, energy, and more.中文翻译: 材料科学是一个跨学科领域，专注于研究材料的性质和应用。
【大学】材料科学基础(中英版)
第21页
Materials science and engineering
The relationship between materials science and materials engineering
Materials science Why it has…
Materials engineering How to make…
Time: Location: Activities:
Present new study material Announce reading and homework Take quizzes
第4页
授课信息
授课人： 时间： 地点： 主要活动：
教授新课 布置作业 课堂测验
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Recitations
第1Байду номын сангаас页
What is material?
Classifications of materials
Based on the chemical composition: Metals, Non-metal inorganic materials (ceramic mateials) Polymers, Composites
Materials, energy and information are the three pillars of current human civilization.
(材料科学英语)_Unit 1 The History of Materials_
relationships is called the __m_a_t_e_ri_a_ls_p_a_r_a_d_ig_m____. This
scientific problems humans currently face are due to the
limitations of the materials that are
available._M__a_te_ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ_ia_l_s_s_c_ie_n_t_is_ts____ emphasize understanding
Column B _____________________
_____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________ _____________________
3
材料范式 生物材料和冶金 （材料的）性能
Unit 1
Specialized words
Unit 1
Specialized words
superconductor superheater superpolymer supersensitive
nanotube nanometer nanoparticle Nanoelectronics
Unit 1
Unit 1
Specialized words
1
• 2. ___N_a_n_om__et_e_r__is a unit of length in the metric system, equal to one billionth of a metre.
• 3. We are also experimenting with __n_a_n_op_a_r_ti_cl_e_s_of the substance to see if we can bind them to cancer cells to help researchers and doctors identify them.
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? Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2020/4/15
Outline (2)
? Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
– Effect of phosphorus grain boundary segregation on intergranular fracture
? Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2.25Cr1Mo 钢中磷的平衡及应力引 起的非平衡晶界偏聚
Equilibrium and Stress-induced NonEquilibrium Grain Boundary Segregations
of Phosphorus in a 2.25Cr1Mo Steel
Song Shenhua
2020/4/15
? Equilibrium grain boundary segregation
– Segregation of phosphorus and molybdenum
? Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
– Relationship between phosphorus boundary concentration and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)
Preface (1)
Grain boundary segregation (GS)
2020/4/15
Preface (2)
Effects of grain boundary segregation on the properties of materials
Mechanical, corrosion, electrical, and magnetic properties
1?
CIg
?
C
g J
? Gi
RT ?,
?i ? I , M ?
? ? ? GI
?
?
G
0 I
? ? IM
CMeq ? CMg
(Guttmann, 1975)
? ? ? GM ? ? GM0 ? ? IM
CIeq
?
C
g I
C eq i
1? Cieq
?
Ci?,
?i ? I , M ?
erfc(x) = 1 – erf(x)
2020/4/15
(McLean, 1957)
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (3)
concentration
Thermal equilibrium concentration
Applied stress
2020/4/15
2.25Cr1Mo steel
Outline (1)
? Equilibrium grain boundary segregation
– Segregation of phosphorus and molybdenum
? Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2020/4/15
(Seah, 1977)
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (2)
Segregation kinetics
C ?t
Ceq
???CC??00???
1?
exp
? 4Dt
? ?
?
22d
2
??
?erfc ?
???
4Dt ?
?
2 2
d
2
???
? 2 ? Ceq Cg
? Stress-induced non-equilibrium grain boundary
segregation – Introduction, experiment, results and discussion,
summary
? Conclusions
2020/4/15
Outline (1)
Preface (3)
GS
Thermally induced NEGS
2020/4/15
Stress induced NEGS
EGS
NEGS
Irradiation induced NEGS
……
NEGS induced by high
temperature deformation
Preface (4)
– Relationship between phosphorus boundary concentration and ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)
? Introduction, experiment, results and discussion, summary
2020/4/15
Equilibrium grain boundary segregation (1)
Segregation thermodynamics
Ceq ? Cg exp ?? G RT ?
1? Ceq 1 ? Cg
(McLean, 1957)
? Cieq
1?
C
eq I
?
CMeq
?
Cig
exp
e.g., in structural materials, such as steel and Ni alloys Segregation of detrimental elements such as S, P, Sn, and Sb – decreasing the grain boundary cohesion – grain boundary weakening Segregation of beneficial elements such as B, C and Be – increasing the grain boundary cohesion – grain boundary strenthening