Structure and Properties of Materials
Materials science and engineering, an introductionChapter 12 Structures and properties of ceramics
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Learning Objectives
After careful study of this chapter you should be able to do the following:
in crystalline ceramic materials influence the crystal structure: the magnitude of
the electrical charge on each of the component ions, and the relative sizes of the
cations and anions. With regard to the first characteristic, the crystal must be
cause they have given up their valence electrons to the nonmetallic ions, or
anions, which are negatively charged. Two racteristics of the component ions
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416 • Chapter 12 / Structures and Properties of Ceramics
Table 12.1 For Several Ceramic Materials, Percent Ionic Character of the Interatomic Bonds
材料科技与工程专业英语部分复习资料
五选一：1.“ Materials science ” involves investigating the relationships that exist between the structures and properties of materials. In contrast, “Materials engineering ”is, on the basis of these structure-property correlations ,designing or engineering the structure of a material to produce a predetermined set of properties.材料科学涉及材料到研究材料的结构和性质的关系。
相反，材料工程是根据材料的结构和性质的关系来设计或操纵材料的结构以求制造出一系列可预定的性质。
2. Virtually all important properties of solid materials may be grouped into six different categories: mechanical, electrical, thermal, magnetic ,optical, and deteriorative.实际上，所有固体材料的重要性质可以概括分为六类：机械、电学、热学、磁学、光学和腐蚀性。
3.In addition to structure and properties, two other important components are involved in the science and engineering of materials ,namely ” processing ”and” performance”.除结构与特征外，材料科学与工程还包括另外两项重要的研究内容，即（材料的）加工与性能。
材料导论中英文讲稿 (63)
Video 2—MSE and Materials SelectionHello and welcome to “introduction to Materials”. In today’s video, I’m going to talk about materials science and engineering and the methodology used in materials science and engineering. In other word, what this course is all about. Especially, I’m going to focus on the four components involved in the discipline of materials science and engineering—namely, structure, properties, processing and performance as well as their interrelationship. 在这个视频中，我将主要介绍本课程涉及的材料科学与工程学科的主要研究内容和研究方法，特别介绍材料制备-结构-性质-使用行为（即应用）之间关系这一主线，以及教学各章节内容与阐述这四个要素的对应关系。
译文：大家好！欢迎学习《材料导论》课程。
在这个视频中，我将介绍本课程涉及的材料科学与工程学科的主要研究内容和研究方法，也就是这门课程的主要内容，特别介绍本课程涉及的材料科学与工程学科中材料制备-结构-性质-使用行为（即应用）这四个要素及其之间关系。
The discipline of materials science and engineering can be subdivided into materials science and materials engineering subdisciplines.译文:材料科学与工程可分成材料科学和材料工程这两个分支学科。
材料性能学Propertiesofmaterials
体心立方金属（铁、铜等）滑移系统 有 48 种之多，易于滑移而产生塑性 形变．
离子键或共价键具有明显的方向性。 只有个别滑移系统才能满足几何条 件与静电作用条件。
2、位错运动理论
实际晶体的滑移是位错运动的结果
有位错时的势垒高度h‘，金属为0.10.2;陶瓷1.0eV．
位错运动激活能H(τ) 位错运动速度
b'b b εz= b b
泊松比μ
μ=
y z x x
三、微观上看：
处于晶格结点的质点在力的作用下，在其 平衡位置附近产生的微小位移。 E是键合强度的标志 重要的力学性能—弹性模量E，表征材料的 刚度。
四、影响弹性模量的因素
1.键合方式 共价键，离子键，金属键，分 子键 2. 显微组织 陶瓷 E=E0（1-1.9P+0.9P2） 复相材料 设μ Є1=Є2 E U=E1V1+E2V2 σ 1 =σ 2 1/EL=V1/E1+V2/E2 4. 温度 相变时， E发生突变。 5. 外力 压缩模量 拉应力模量
材料结构与性能 Structure and Properties of Materials
陈玉清主讲
第一章 材料的受力形变
材料在外力作用下，发生形状和大小的 变化，称为形变。 σ=F/A0； S=F/A； S=σ（1+Є） 应力分量 σxxσyyσzz τxyτyzτzx Є=∆L/L0; e=∫dL/L=lnL/L0; Є xxЄyy Єzz γ xyγ yzγ zx
问题
1.实际强度与理论强度相差很大; 2 实际材料的强度总是在一定范围 内波动; 3.尺寸效应
2.2
断裂强度
一、Griffith微裂纹理论 1920年Grifith为了解释玻璃的理论强度与实 际强度的巨大差异，提出了微裂纹理论 。 裂纹尖端的应力集中
6.2.1 Structure and properties of ceramics 译文
Structure and properties of ceramicsHello, everyone, we are going to talk about structure and properties of ceramics.译文：大家好，我们来谈谈陶瓷的结构和性能。
The properties of solid and the arranged way of atoms are determined by the nature and direction of the interatomic bonds holding the solid together. 固体性质和原子排列方式是由原子键的性质和方向所决定的。
译文：固体性质和原子排列方式是由原子键的性质和方向所决定的。
Therefore, it is necessary to understand how and why a solid is "glued" together. Ceramics are composed of at least two elements; their structures are more complicated than those of metals. 陶瓷是由至少两种元素组成的，它们的结构比金属要复杂得多。
译文:陶瓷是由至少两种元素组成的，它们的结构比金属要复杂得多。
Most metals are face-centered cubic, body-centered cubic, or hexagonal close-packed. 大多数金属都是以面心立方，体心立方，或者是密排六方结构。
译文：大多数金属都是以面心立方，体心立方，或者是密排六方结构。
But, the structure of most ceramics varies from relatively simple to highly complex. Being compounds, ceramics are made of different types of atoms of varying sizes. 但是大多数陶瓷结构是从相对简单到高度复杂。
材料科学专业英语英语作文
材料科学专业英语英语作文英文回答：Materials science is a rapidly evolving field that deals with the synthesis, characterization, and application of materials with tailored properties. It combines elements from chemistry, physics, and engineering to design and develop new materials for various applications in various industries, ranging from aerospace to electronics to healthcare.The field of materials science encompasses a wide range of subfields, including:Materials Synthesis: Involves developing new methods for synthesizing materials with specific properties and structures. This can include techniques such as chemical vapor deposition, molecular beam epitaxy, and sol-gel processing.Materials Characterization: Involves using advanced techniques to characterize the structure, composition, and properties of materials. This can include techniques suchas X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy.Materials Modeling: Involves using computational techniques to simulate and predict the behavior of materials. This can include simulating the atomic-level structure of materials, predicting their mechanical properties, and understanding their electronic properties.Materials Applications: Involves designing and developing new materials for specific applications. Thiscan include developing new materials for aerospace, electronics, energy storage, and healthcare.Materials science plays a crucial role in the development of new technologies and products, such as:Electronic devices: Materials science is essential for developing new materials for electronic devices, such as semiconductors, insulators, and conductors. These materialsenable the development of faster, smaller, and more efficient electronic devices.Aerospace materials: Materials science is essential for developing new materials for aerospace applications, such as lightweight, strong, and heat-resistant alloys. These materials enable the development of more efficient and safer aircraft and spacecraft.Energy storage materials: Materials science is essential for developing new materials for energy storage, such as batteries and capacitors. These materials enable the development of more efficient and sustainable energy storage systems.Healthcare materials: Materials science is essential for developing new materials for healthcare applications, such as biomaterials and drug delivery systems. These materials enable the development of new treatments and therapies for various diseases.The field of materials science is expected to continueto grow rapidly in the coming years, driven by the demandfor new materials for various applications. This growthwill be fueled by advances in computational techniques, characterization techniques, and materials synthesis methods.中文回答：材料科学是一个快速发展的领域，它涉及到合成、表征和应用具有定制性能的材料。
常见材料表征技术
常见材料表征技术Materials characterization refers to the techniques and methods used to study and analyze the structure, properties, and composition of materials. Understanding the characteristics of materials is essential for various fields such as chemistry, physics, engineering, and materials science.材料表征是指用于研究和分析材料结构、性质和成分的技术和方法。
了解材料的特性对于化学、物理、工程和材料科学等各个领域都是至关重要的。
One common technique for materials characterization is microscopy, which allows researchers to visualize materials on a microscopic scale. This includes techniques such as optical microscopy, electron microscopy, and scanning probe microscopy. Microscopy provides valuable insights into the morphology, crystal structure, and defects of materials.一种常见的材料表征技术是显微镜技术，这使得研究人员能够在微观尺度上观察材料。
这包括光学显微镜、电子显微镜和扫描探针显微镜等技术。
显微镜技术为材料的形貌、晶体结构和缺陷提供了宝贵的见解。
Spectroscopy is another important technique for materials characterization. It involves the interaction of materials with different forms of radiation, such as light or X-rays, to study their chemical composition and electronic structure. Spectroscopic techniques, including infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, provide valuable information about the molecular and electronic properties of materials.光谱学是材料表征的另一个重要技术。
Unit_3_Structure-Property_Relationships_of_Materials
Unit 3 Structure-Property Relationships of Materials材料的结构-性质相关关系Today’s materials can be classified as metals and alloys, as polymers or plastics, as ceramics, or as composites, most of which are manmade, actually are combinations of different materials.当今的材料可以分为金属和合金，聚合物或者塑料，陶瓷或复合材料，它们大多数是人造的，实际上是不同材料组合而成。
Applications of these materials depend on their properties; therefore, we need to know what properties are required by the application and to be able to relate those specifications to the material. 这些材料的应用取决于它们的性质；因此，根据应用的场合，我们需要知道什么样的性质是必需的，我们需要能够把这些详细说明同材料联系起来。
For example, a ladder must withstand a design load, the weight of a person using the ladder. However, the material property that can be measured is strength, which is affected by the load and design dimension. Strength values must therefore be applied to determined the ladder dimensions to ensure safe use. Therefore, in general, the structures of metallic materials have effects on their properties.比如，一个梯子必须能经受住设计的载荷，也就是使用这个梯子的人的重量。
Materials Characterization
Materials Characterization Materials characterization is a crucial aspect of materials science and engineering, providing valuable insights into the properties and behaviors of various materials. From metals and ceramics to polymers and composites, the characterization process involves a range of techniques and methods to analyze and understand the structure, composition, and performance of materials. This comprehensive analysis is essential for numerous industries, including manufacturing, construction, electronics, and healthcare, where the quality and reliability of materials play a vital role in product development and performance. One of the key perspectives in materials characterization is the structural analysis of materials. This involves examining the internal and surface structure of materials at various length scales, from atomic and molecular levels to macroscopic features. Techniques such as X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy provide valuable insights into the crystallographic structure, grain boundaries, and defects within materials. Understanding the structural properties is crucial for predicting mechanical, thermal, and electronic behaviors, as well as for identifying any imperfections or irregularities that may affect the material's performance. Another important perspective in materialscharacterization is the chemical composition analysis. This involves identifying and quantifying the elements and compounds present in a material, as well as their distribution and bonding configurations. Techniques such as energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental mapping provide valuable information about the elemental composition, impurities, and chemical homogeneity of materials. This knowledge is essential for quality control, material selection, and understanding the reactivity and corrosion resistance of materials indifferent environments. Furthermore, materials characterization encompasses the mechanical and physical properties analysis of materials. This involves evaluating the mechanical strength, hardness, elasticity, and thermal conductivity of materials, as well as their response to external forces and environmental conditions. Techniques such as tensile testing, hardness testing, and thermal analysis provide valuable data for designing and optimizing materials for specific applications. Understanding the mechanical and physical properties is crucial forensuring the reliability and performance of materials in various operating conditions and under different loads and temperatures. In addition to the technical aspects, materials characterization also involves the interdisciplinary perspective of materials science. This field integrates principles and techniques from physics, chemistry, biology, and engineering to understand and manipulate the properties of materials. It involves collaboration and knowledge exchange among scientists and engineers from different disciplines, leading to the development of innovative materials and technologies with enhanced performance and functionality. This interdisciplinary approach is essential for addressing complex challenges in energy, sustainability, and healthcare, where advanced materials play a crucial role in driving technological advancements and societal progress. Moreover, materials characterization plays a significant role in the development of advanced materials for sustainable and environmentally friendly applications. This perspective involves analyzing and optimizing materials for renewable energy technologies, energy storage systems, and eco-friendly manufacturing processes. It also encompasses the recycling and upcycling of materials to minimize waste and environmental impact. By understanding the environmental implications of materials and developing sustainable alternatives, materials characterization contributes to the transition towards a more sustainable and circular economy. Finally, materials characterization has a profound impact on innovation and technological advancement. By providing insights into the fundamental properties and behaviors of materials, characterization techniques enable the development of new materials with tailored properties and functionalities. This drives innovation in various industries, from electronics and aerospace to healthcare and infrastructure, leading to the creation of advanced products and solutions that improve thequality of life and drive economic growth. Furthermore, materials characterization contributes to the fundamental understanding of materials at the nanoscale, leading to breakthroughs in nanotechnology and the development of novel materials with unprecedented properties and applications. In conclusion, materials characterization is a multifaceted field that encompasses various perspectives, from structural and chemical analysis to interdisciplinary collaboration and sustainability. It plays a crucial role in understanding, designing, andoptimizing materials for a wide range of applications, driving innovation and technological advancement. By leveraging advanced characterization techniques and interdisciplinary approaches, materials scientists and engineers continue to push the boundaries of materials research, leading to the development of new materials with unprecedented properties and functionalities. As we continue to explore and understand the complex nature of materials, the impact of materials characterization on science, technology, and society will undoubtedly continue to grow, shaping the future of materials innovation and application.。
材料科学英语
材料科学英语Materials Science is a multidisciplinary field that focuses on the study of the properties of matter and how they relate to its composition, structure, processing methods, and performance. It is an essential area of research that has a profound impact on the development of new materials and technologies.The field of materials science is vast and encompasses a wide range of materials, including metals, ceramics, polymers, semiconductors, and composites. Each of these materials has unique properties that can be manipulated and improvedthrough various processes. For instance, the strength and ductility of metals can be enhanced through heat treatmentand alloying, while the thermal and electrical properties of semiconductors can be fine-tuned for use in electronic devices.One of the key aspects of materials science is the understanding of the atomic and molecular structure of materials. This includes the arrangement of atoms in acrystal lattice, the presence of defects such as dislocations and grain boundaries, and the interactions between atoms. These structural features play a critical role in determining the mechanical, thermal, and electrical properties of materials.Material scientists also investigate the relationshipbetween processing methods and material properties. For example, the way a polymer is synthesized can affect its molecular weight, which in turn influences its strength and flexibility. Similarly, the method of sintering used to produce ceramics can impact their density and grain size, which are important for their mechanical and thermal performance.Innovation in materials science is driven by the need for materials with improved performance in various applications. This includes the development of lightweight materials for aerospace applications, high-temperature materials for engines, and biocompatible materials for medical implants. Researchers in this field are constantly seeking new ways to enhance the properties of existing materials or to create entirely new materials with unique characteristics.The study of materials science also involves the use of advanced analytical techniques to characterize materials at the atomic and molecular level. Techniques such as X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, and spectroscopy are used to determine the structure, composition, and properties of materials. These tools are essential for understanding the fundamental principles that govern the behavior of materials and for guiding the development of new materials.In conclusion, materials science is a dynamic and essential discipline that plays a crucial role in the advancement of technology and the improvement of our daily lives. By understanding the complex relationships between the structure, processing, and properties of materials,scientists can continue to push the boundaries of what is possible and develop materials that meet the ever-evolving needs of society.。
heliyon-material science section编辑 -回复
heliyon-material science section编辑-回复Material Science and Its Impact on Sustainable DevelopmentIntroductionMaterial science plays a crucial role in the development of society, as it encompasses the study of the structure, properties, and performance of materials. From ancient times to the present day, advancements in material science have influenced the way we live and contribute to sustainable development. In this article, we will explore the key aspects of material science and the various ways in which it impacts sustainable development.1. Understanding Material ScienceMaterial science is a multidisciplinary field that combines aspects of physics, chemistry, and engineering to study the behavior of materials at different scales. It involves analyzing the atomic and molecular structure of materials, and how it affects their mechanical, thermal, electrical, and optical properties.By understanding the fundamental properties of materials,scientists can develop new materials or modify existing ones to improve performance, durability, and sustainability. For example, the development of lightweight and stronger alloys has revolutionized transportation, enabling the production offuel-efficient vehicles that reduce greenhouse gas emissions.2. Advancements in Material ScienceOver the years, material science has witnessed significant advancements, leading to the creation of innovative materials with improved properties. One such example is the development of graphene, a single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice. Graphene possesses extraordinary properties such as high electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, and thermal conductivity. These properties have opened up possibilities for applications in various fields, including electronics, energy storage, and water purification.Similarly, the development of biomaterials, which are materials engineered to interact with biological systems, has revolutionized healthcare. Biomaterials have applications in tissue engineering, drug delivery systems, and medical devices. These materials arebiocompatible, meaning they can integrate with living tissues without causing harm. By using biomaterials, scientists have made significant progress in regenerative medicine, making it possible to replace damaged tissues and organs.3. Contribution to Sustainable DevelopmentMaterial science plays a significant role in achieving sustainable development by addressing environmental, social, and economic needs. Here are a few ways in which material science contributes:a) Sustainable Energy: Material science research enables the development of advanced materials for renewable energy technologies. For instance, the creation of efficient solar cells through material engineering is crucial for harnessing solar energy. Furthermore, advancements in battery technology, such as the development of lithium-ion batteries, have revolutionized energy storage, making renewable energy sources more reliable.b) Waste Management: Material science research focuses on developing recyclable materials and improving waste management practices. By designing materials with increased reusability andrecyclability, we can reduce waste generation and conserve natural resources. Similarly, advancements in biodegradable materials contribute to a more sustainable future by minimizing the environmental impact of waste disposal.c) Water Purification: Material science plays a vital role in developing efficient water purification technologies. Adsorbent materials with high surface area, such as activated carbon or graphene oxide, can remove contaminants from water and provide clean drinking water. This technology is crucial, particularly in regions facing water scarcity and contaminated water sources.d) Sustainable Construction: Material science plays a significant role in developing environmentally friendly construction materials. By incorporating recycled materials, such as fly ash or recycled plastic, into concrete or other building materials, we can reduce carbon emissions and control waste.ConclusionMaterial science is a crucial discipline that drives sustainable development by finding innovative solutions to environmental andsocietal challenges. By understanding the behavior of materials and leveraging advancements in material science, we can develop sustainable technologies, improve energy efficiency, reduce waste, and provide access to clean water. As we continue to push the boundaries of material science, its impact on sustainable development will only become more significant, shaping the way we live and our approach towards building a sustainable future.。
材料科学与工程专业英语第三版翻译
材料科学与工程专业英语第三版翻译UNIT 1一、材料根深蒂固于我们生活的程度可能远远的超过了我们的想象，交通、装修、制衣、通信、娱乐（recreation）和食品生产，事实上（virtually），我们生活中的方方面面或多或少受到了材料的影响。
历史上，社会的发展和进步和生产材料的能力以及操纵材料来实现他们的需求密切（intimately）相关，事实上，早期的文明就是通过材料发展的能力来命名的（石器时代、青铜时代、铁器时代）。
二、早期的人类仅仅使用（access）了非常有限数量的材料，比如自然的石头、木头、粘土（clay）、兽皮等等。
随着时间的发展，通过使用技术来生产获得的材料比自然的材料具有更加优秀的性能。
这些性材料包括了陶瓷（pottery）以及各种各样的金属，而且他们还发现通过添加其他物质和改变加热温度可以改变材料的性能。
此时，材料的应用（utilization）完全就是一个选择的过程，也就是说，在一系列有限的材料中，根据材料的优点来选择最合适的材料，直到最近的时间内，科学家才理解了材料的基本结构以及它们的性能的关系。
在过去的100年间对这些知识的获得，使对材料性质的研究变得非常时髦起来。
因此，为了满足我们现代而且复杂的社会，成千上万具有不同性质的材料被研发出来，包括了金属、塑料、玻璃和纤维。
三、由于很多新的技术的发展，使我们获得了合适的材料并且使得我们的存在变得更为舒适。
对一种材料性质的理解的进步往往是技术的发展的先兆，例如：如果没有合适并且没有不昂贵的钢材，或者没有其他可以替代（substitute）的东西，汽车就不可能被生产，在现代、复杂的（sophisticated）电子设备依赖于半导体（semiconducting）材料四、有时，将材料科学与工程划分为材料科学和材料工程这两个副学科（subdiscipline）是非常有用的，严格的来说，材料科学是研究材料的性能以及结构的关系，与此相反，材料工程则是基于材料结构和性能的关系，来设计和生产具有预定性能的材料，基于预期的性能。
Materials Characterization
Materials Characterization Materials characterization is a crucial aspect of materials science and engineering, providing valuable insights into the properties and behavior of various materials. This process involves the use of different techniques and methods to analyze and understand the structure, composition, and properties of materials at a microscopic and macroscopic level. The information obtained from materials characterization is essential for the development and improvement of materials for various applications, ranging from electronics and construction to healthcare and environmental protection. One of the key perspectives to consider when discussing materials characterization is the importance of understanding the structure-property relationships of materials. By characterizing themicrostructure and composition of materials, researchers and engineers can gain a deeper understanding of how these factors influence the mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical properties of the materials. This knowledge is crucialfor designing and engineering materials with specific properties tailored to meet the requirements of different applications. For example, in the aerospace industry, materials characterization plays a vital role in developing lightweight yet strong materials for aircraft components, ensuring safety and fuel efficiency. Furthermore, materials characterization is essential for quality control and assurance in manufacturing processes. By using techniques such as microscopy, spectroscopy, and thermal analysis, manufacturers can assess the consistency and integrity of materials used in their products. This is particularly important in industries such as automotive, where the performance and reliability of materials used in vehicle components can have significant safety implications. Through materials characterization, manufacturers can identify any defects or inconsistencies in the materials, enabling them to take corrective actions and maintain high standards of quality. In addition to its role in engineering and manufacturing, materials characterization also plays a crucial role in scientific research and development. Researchers use advanced characterization techniques to investigate the behavior of materials under different conditions, leading to the discovery of new materials with unique properties and functionalities. This has broad implications across various fields, including energy storage, medicaldevices, and environmental remediation. For instance, the development of novel materials for energy storage devices, such as batteries and supercapacitors,relies heavily on the insights gained from materials characterization. Moreover, materials characterization contributes to the advancement of nanotechnology, enabling scientists and engineers to manipulate and control the properties of materials at the nanoscale. This has led to the development of innovativematerials with enhanced mechanical, electrical, and optical properties, opening up new possibilities for applications in electronics, photonics, and sensors. The ability to characterize and understand the behavior of nanomaterials is crucialfor harnessing their full potential and ensuring their safe and responsible use in various technologies. From a practical standpoint, materials characterizationalso serves as a valuable tool for failure analysis and forensic investigations. When materials fail in real-world applications, it is essential to determine the root cause of the failure through thorough characterization and analysis. This information can help prevent similar failures in the future and improve the reliability and safety of materials and products. For example, in the construction industry, materials characterization is used to investigate the causes ofstructural failures in buildings and infrastructure, leading to improvements in design and construction practices. In conclusion, materials characterization is a multidisciplinary field that plays a critical role in understanding, designing,and utilizing materials for a wide range of applications. From engineering and manufacturing to scientific research and forensic analysis, the insights gained from materials characterization are invaluable for driving innovation and ensuring the reliability and performance of materials and products. As technology continues to advance, the development of new and improved characterization techniques will further enhance our ability to explore and exploit the full potential of materials, leading to exciting developments in various industries and scientific domains.。
材料科技英语句子翻译重点
材料科技英语考试句子翻译复习（1-5,1/5）1. Material science involves investigating the relationship that exists between the structures and properties of materials. In contrast，“material engineering”is on the basis of these structure-property correlations，designing or engineering the structure of a material to produce a predetermined set of properties材料科学是研究材料的结构和性能之间存在的关系，相反，材料工程是在这些结构性能相互关系的基础上，设计和构建材料的结构来实现一系列的预定的性能。
2. Virtually all important properties of solid materials may be grouped into six different categories：mechanical，electrical，thermal，magnetic，optical，and deteriorative实际上，固体材料的所有重要材料可以被分成六个目录，力学，热学，磁学，光学和失效。
3. In addition to structure and properties, two other important components are involved in the science and engineering of materials，namely“processing”and “performance”.除了结构和性质，还有两个重要的材料科学与工程的性质是材料加工材料和性能。
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Stresses on Bone Under Different Types of Loading
Principal Stresses and Ski Injury in Tibia due to Torque
Mechanical Properties of Tissue
Plasticity of Tissue
3-D Representation of a chain of single bonded carbons
Carbon chains can only rotates in specific ways
Introduction to Carbon Polymers
Branching in Polymers
Structure and Mechanical Properties of Materials
Introduction to Material Properties
• New Focus on:
– Fundamental information on the bulk properties of biomaterials – Basic level to enable understanding of metallic, polymeric, and ceramic substrates
Non-Linear Deformation of Lumbar Vertebra
Non-Linear Deformation of Lumbar Vertebra
Ultimate load under Tension/Compression
Stresses on Bone Under Different Types of Loading
Definitions of Elastic Constants
Basic Definition of Tensile Properties
Tensile Properties and Their Measurement
Young’s Modulus over Density
Strength over Density
Cross-Linking in Polymers
Multy-Component Polymers
Multi-Component Polymers
Mechanical Properties of Materials
Fundamentals of Elastic Behavior
Basic Types of Loading and Deformations
Sub-Failure Injury
Material Properties of Biological/Implant Materials
Basic Definition of Toughness
Summary and Concluding Remarks
• This class presents an introduction to the structure and properties of materials • A simple introduction to amorphous and crystalline structure was presented • This was followed by some basic definitions of stress, strain & mechanical properties • The mechanical properties of soft and hard tissue were then introduced • Balance of mechanical properties is key for design
Definition of Stress
Tensile Stress
Shear Stress
Definition of Stress
Definition of Strain
Tensile Strain Lateral Strain Shear Strain
Definition of Strain
• In the next few classes we will cover:
– Crystal structure – ess-strain behavior – Creep, fracture, fatigue, and wear of materials
The 14 Bravais Lattices
Poisson’s Ratio
The stress-strain curve does not show an important feature of plastic deformation: -A contraction perpendicular to the extension caused by a tensile stress
Solidification of a Polycrystalline Material
Grain Boundaries
The Three Common Types of Materials
Introduction to Carbon Polymers
The unit at the base of Carbon Chains