An investigation of cheapest-to-deliver on Treasury bond futures contracts
辽宁省辽阳市-学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题word版（原卷版解析版）（无听力音频，无文字材料）
Instead of trying to keep the mosquitos away, it attracts them, then catches them and finally kills them! Basically, it will attract the mosquitos into the Mosquitron, with a completely harmless UV-PT producing light. Next to the UV-PT light is a powerful reverse (反向的)fan that sucks (吸)the mosquitos through a one-way trapdoor. Once they are trapped in the drying basket« they are dried to death by the fan in 2 minutes.
Now known as "Grandma of Chenchen" with 200，000 fans, she has tried on many different Chinese traditional clothing, dutiful headwear and fans with traditional Chinese pammgs are some of her favorite parts in dressing. Liu, also a lover of Hanfu. said he wanted to share happy memories with his grandma and to record her life at old age. And he foundshe was quite suitable for the clothing.
新视野大学英语第三版第二册第四单元读写答案
Unit 4 – Section A●Language Focus – Words in Use1. When the police caught up with him, Mr. Foster had to (confess) that he'd broken the speed limit.2. Whenever my boss makes a decision that I don't agree with, I tell him what I really think, though it's (tempting) to make him happy by telling him his ideas are always right.3. As can be probably perceived, a manned trip to Mars may soon (commence) since scientists have achieved the manned moon mission.4. A number of countries are (coordinating) their efforts to send out food to the area worst affected by the flood.5. State governments and the colleges themselves have (granted) financial help to students with special abilities and those with financial needs.6. The committee agreed that his papers (deserved) a wider circulation because of their essential and fundamental interest to a larger audience.7. The anger and frustration (displayed) by the local people who do not understand what is happening to them will be a terrible and dangerous force.8. Americans defend the right to obtain a gun, and they have (consequently) been willing to turna blind eye to the harm that people owning guns have caused.9. As the finance ministry rejected the deal for its "lack of clarity", it (lodged) a complaint with the European Commission that this deal was against the law.10. Dogs cannot distinguish the color of traffic lights, so the master must make the decision of when it is safe to (proceed) across the road.●Word Building1.contentpressedplicated4.identify5.justify6.qualify7.illustrate8.exhibition9.extend10.interpret11.plant12.perceive1.contentedpressplicate4.identification / identified5.justification / justified6.qualification / qualified7.illustration / illustrated8.exhibit9.extension / extended10.interpretation / interpretated11.plantation / planted12.perception / perceived1. Employers have found that many young competitors have the basic and best (qualifications) for success and they are intelligent, creative, and hard-working.2. Since parents are usually the major source of social support in early life, a child's (perception) of parental love may have important effects on their life.3. The storm was the most powerful to hit Hawaii this century. It greatly destroyed sugar and coffee (plantations) .4. Scientists have developed through hard work a new material that cannot be (compressed) even under extremely high pressure.5. Law students tend to become highly concerned with matters of proper procedure and (exhibit) an increased tendency to reason.6. He was a greedy person and never felt (contented) with what he had, so he could hardly make any close friends.7. Your fashion choices make a statement about your interests or intentions, and these statements are subject to cultural (interpretation) .8. Both sides of the negotiation should create conditions for the peaceful resolution of the issue and avoid taking actions that would (complicate) the situation further.9. The architecture students could not understand their professor's (illustration) of the new library structure until he showed them the plans.10. After an analysis of his personality, I realized that his stories were a(n) (extension) of his desires to rise to higher and higher positions.11. Car manufacturers stamp vehicle (identification) numbers at several locations on new cars to help track down the vehicles in case they are stolen.12. The defense lawyer gave many excellent examples to show that the police officer had acted in self-defense and shot the man with (justification) .●Banked ClozeTraditional dating is a self-paced, general meeting of two people. The two usually(1) (commence) with spending extra time together, getting to know one another and seeing how (2) (tempting) they could be to each other. A good example is a man meeting a woman and sensing her (3) (charm). He then extends a formal invitation for a date. With traditional dating, you get to go at a steady pace, (4) (allowing) yourself and your date to get to know each other through extensive contact. There are many (5) (components) that can be expected from traditional dates. Men, who are supposed to (6) (display) these traditional values, will open the door for the woman, stand up when she leaves the table, pay for everything, and (7) (proceed) to the next move. In the1950s, a man would usually ask a woman out several days ahead for a specific date and time. If she accepted, they would (8) (arrange) for a time to pick her up. He would then take her to a dinner and a movie.Today the rules of traditional dating are less clear. Twenty years ago, if a young lady asked a men out on a date, it was thought to be (9) (weird). Now, women are being encouraged to take the initiative and ask men out. A date may consist of a brief meeting at a café or a trip to the (10) (local) art museum. Men often pay on the first date, but the woman may offer to go Dutch. The traditional dating style has been found much less common now.●Language Focus – Expressions in Use1. She authorized her partner to carry out the daily responsibilities (on her behalf) when she was on her business trip.2. On hearing the latest news about your mother's ill health, I (took the liberty of) canceling your reservation at the Sheraton.3. There was an obvious indication that the police who have to enforce the new law were not (immune to) the general discontent.4. When she heard of her failure in the experiment, her eyes (were filled with) tears; whether it was of shame, frustration, or grief was difficult to tell.5. Rose knows that continuous letters from John, together with countless roses, are aimed at making her (fall in love with) him.6. (Expelled from) public school for drinking and smoking and then failing in show business as a singer, she joined her father's business 10 years ago.7. Since the great scandals in banking, many people in the country have (been pessimistic about) the prospects of economic recovery within a few years.8. The parents were quite happy to (go along with) our suggestion because it had taken their most important concerns into consideration.●Translation●➢英译汉Valentine's Day on February 14 is celebrated in various American and European countries. It is a holiday of love and romance usually by exchanging valentines or love tokens between lovers. There are different origins regarding the festival. One legend goes that the Romans put a priest named Saint Valentine into prison for refusing to believe in the Roman gods. On February 14, Valentine was put to death not only because he was Christian, but also because he had cured the jailer's daughter of blindness. The night before he was executed he wrote her a farewell letter signed "From your Valentine". Later, February 14 became a holiday for people to show affection for their loved ones. Today, people celebrate Valentine's Day in different ways, sending greeting cards and flowers, giving chocolate or other gifts, or joining in romantic dinners. The holiday has now become popular all over the world. In China the festival is also becoming increasingly popular with young people.美洲和欧洲各国都会庆祝2月14日的情人节。
外贸英语900句
外贸英语900句之询盘Inquiry（一）Heavy enquiries witness the quality of our products. 大量询盘证明我们产品质量过硬。
As soon as the price picks up, enquiries will revive.一旦价格回升，询盘将恢复活跃。
Enquiries for carpets are getting more numerous.对地毯的询盘日益增加。
Enquiries are so large that we can only than allot you 200 cases.询盘如此之多，我们只能分给你们200箱货。
Enquiries are dwindling.询盘正在减少。
Enquiries are dried up.询盘正在绝迹。
They promised to transfer their future enquiries to Chinese Corporations.他们答应将以后的询盘转给中国公司Generally speaking, enquiries are made by the buyers. 询盘一般由买方发出。
Mr. Baker is sent to Beijing to make an enquiry at China National Textiles Corporation.贝克先生来北京向中国纺织公司进行询价。
We regret that the goods you inquire about are not available.很遗憾，你们所询的货物现在无货。
In the import and export business, we often make inquiries at foreign suppliers.在进出口交易中，我们常向外商询价。
To make an inquiry about our oranges, a representative of the Japanese company paid us a visit.为了对我们的橙子询价，那家日本公司的一名代表访问了我们。
大学英语六级模拟试卷569(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级模拟试卷569(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Writing 2. Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 3. Listening Comprehension 4. Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 5. Cloze 8. TranslationPart I Writing (30 minutes)1．For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Is the Entity Bookstore Dying? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1．越来越多的实体书店倒闭，网上书店兴起2．有人认为网上书店终将取代实体书店3．我认为……Is the Entity Bookstore Dying?正确答案：Is the Entity Bookstore Dying? When you pay closer attention to all kinds of stores on the street, you would find a strange phenomenon,that is,among various kinds of stores,it is harder and harder for you to find a bookstore. Meanwhile an increasing number of people choose to buy books from the online bookstore. With continued expansion of their online counterparts, the traditional bookstores seem to be defenseless, and go bankrupt one after another. Therefore, some people claim that the entity bookstore is dying and will be replaced by the online bookstore in the near future. It is reported that China has the highest online book purchasing rate in the world, because compared with the entity bookstore, customers can enjoy more convenience and lower price in the online bookstore. What’s more, the online bookstore is free from the limit of time and space, and it can provide its customers with almost boundless choice at any moment. I can’t deny the advantages of the online bookstore, but in my view it is not easy to end the entity bookstore, as its unique features are irreplaceable, such as the relaxing reading environment and customer-friendly services. The entity bookstore can absolutely develop these strengths and keep customers in their own way.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark：Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;NG (for NOT GIVEN)if the information is not given in the passage.Why Summer Vacation Won’t Make You Happier? From an informal and highly unscientific survey of friends and colleagues, I can report that the reasons for not feeling happy after returning from vacation include; the flight home (red-eye to New York); realizing what they just did to their credit-card balance; getting back to work; wondering if they should have gone somewhere different;sharp memories of kids fighting constantly in the back seat of the rental car;and sadness that the nextvacation will not arrive for months, typically around the end of the year, making them wonder over and over:how am I going to hold out until then? I,in contrast,not having taken a vacation this year and with none scheduled,am positively cheerful compared with these gloomy souls, since I have a world of possible destinations to fantasize about. Anecdotes (轶事) do not equal data,as scientists say,but in this case the anecdotes about vacations failing to give us a post-trip mood boost match the results of years of research. Studies point to an inescapable conclusion: “ Generally, there is no difference between vacationers’ and non-vacationers’ post-trip happiness,”as the authors of a recent paper in the journal Applied Research in Quality of Life put it. One interesting exception is the period just before taking a vacation, when about-to-be travelers report feeling happier than non-vacationers, possibly because the anticipation puts them in a good mood. But the holiday aftermath is a different story,and a gloomy one. One small study in 2008 used text messages from vacationers during their holidays to assess how happy they were, and then compared these real-time messages with how people recalled their holiday moods once they’d returned to real life. Vacationers were,overall,happier on holiday than in their normal lives. So far,so good. But once home, they stank at remembering how happy they had been while away, consistently recalling higher levels of happiness than they had reported at the time. That suggests two things; we will ourselves recall being happy on vacation (if we weren’t happy, why did we just spend all that money?) ,but by comparison real life feels grimmer. Another small study,from 2004 in the Annals of Tourism Research,measured the effect of a vacation on post-vacation mood more directly,having people fill out a questionnaire that assessed their levels of happiness right before going on holiday and then when they returned. (Non-travelers also filled out the questionnaire, with results confirming that about-to-be vacationers indeed experience an anticipatory high. ) The carry-over effect of a vacation on happiness was so small,the best the researchers could report was that vacations are “ not causing individuals to feel any worse off than before traveling. “ I don’t think we’ll be seeing that sentiment on tourist Web sites any time soon. Even the small positive effects last about as long as a sunburn. Sure, take a vacation in hopes that it will relieve your burnout, but within three to four weeks people are feeling as stressed out as before, found a 2001 study in which the authors concluded: “Vacation alleviated perceived job stress and burnout as predicted...But we found a return to pre-vacation levels of burnout four weeks later. “ That may be one reason the sense of happiness fades as well: if you feel just as much burnout a month after returning from vacation as you did before, no wonder you’re unhappy. This result isn’t from just a single study, by the way:a 2009 meta-analysis (元分析) of seven reached the same conclusion about the post-vacation letdown. Why? For one thing,holiday trips are not 24/7 bliss. There are missed flight connections,disappointing hotels,bad food,and illness. Looking back on all that,once we’re back home,can understandably put a dent (削弱) in our happiness. Also, what’s called the peak-end effect can affect post-trip mood. The most intense experiences (peak) and those that occur as the vacation is winding down (end) leave the most lasting impressions. If we fail to pack a few ultra highs into a trip (swim with the dolphins one day,climb a volcano another) and instead have a lot ofso-so pleasant experiences—or start the trip with a bang but end it in a letdown whimper—then post-trip happiness will suffer. Although scientists generally find no correlation between length of a vacation and post-trip contentment, there is one argument in favor of shorter vacations. Say you get 10 days of vacation a year. If you take them as three vacations (of 4 days,4 days,and 2 days) ,you will have more final days (3) ,when fun experiences have the strongest carry-over effect,and more pre-vacation anticipation highs (3) than if you took two 5-day trips,let alone a single 10-day trip. (The above does not hold if,like me,you find vacation planning so stressful that the very thought of doing it three times a year is enough to make you a workaholic. ) The latest study of vacations’ effect on happiness has the virtue of studying a large number of people (1,530). Scientists in the Netherlands had participants answer a questionnaire asking if they had recently “ enjoyed their daily tasks,”had recently felt “unhappy,”or had recently felt “gloomy and dejected. “Possible answers were “never,”“almost never,”“sometimes,”“very often,”and “always. “The study compared responses of the 556 people who did not go on a holiday with those of the 974 who did, controlling for things like personality (extroverts tend to be happier and might vacation more, so you have to subtract this effect from the happiness levels of vacationers). Result: vacationers were happier before their trips than were non-vacationers,confirming the anticipation effect or suggesting that people able to take trips might have more happiness-boosting characteristics (good health,money,friends and family to travel with) than non-vacationers do. But “post-trip happiness did not differ between vacationers and non-vacationers,”the scientists found. The travelers’happiness edge had actually disappeared. Even more sobering, happiness levels post-trip were little different from what they had been before. Even people who had had the least stressful vacations experienced this happiness fadeout.with their sense of contentment falling to pre-trip levels eight weeks after their return. “ The benefits of a ‘ very relaxed’ holiday trip last maximally for two weeks,” write the scientists who study effects of vacation. “ A holiday trip does not have a prolonged effect on happiness,” and “length of stay is not associated with post-trip happiness...Returning home involves a swift return to pre-trip happiness levels. “2．While the vacationers are down,the author is joyful because he______.A．has no vacationB．will have a vacationC．has no gloomy soulsD．can fantasize about some destinations正确答案：D解析：本题考查为什么度假者感觉沮丧的同时作者本人却很愉快。
专四语法词汇错题集
5. There was the dark and evil thought about ______ he must not think.A. whatB. /C. whichD. that参考答案：CTIP：考查定语从句的关系代词。
which指代the dark and evil thought，同时作定语从句中的宾语，不能省略。
整句话含义为“有那种阴暗的坏想法，他可不应该去想”。
8. The crossfire between the committee members and the Pentagon representatives, which had been called in to explain the defense strategy, ____ sharp.A. wasB. wereC. areD. is参考答案：ATIP：考查主谓一致。
此句中crossfire是主语，“between the committee members and the Pentagon representatives, which had been called in to explain the defense strategy”是主语的修饰语，因此谓语动词应该用单数形式。
从“which had been called …”得知，句子的基本时态是过去时，所以选A。
9. California has more light than it knows _____ to do with but everything else is expensive.A. whatB. howC. whichD. where参考答案：ATIP：考查动词不定式。
本句中的but连接两个并列句。
在前半句修饰light的定语从句内部，“疑问词（what）+不定式（to do with）”构成动词know的宾语。
what可以看成do的宾语，理解为“know what to do with (the light)”，因此选A。
高二年级英语经济学原理初探单选题60题
高二年级英语经济学原理初探单选题60题1. When the price of a product rises, and the quantity demanded decreases significantly, this shows a high degree of _.A. Elasticity of demandB. Inelasticity of demandC. UtilityD. Scarcity答案：A。
解析：本题考查需求弹性（Elasticity of demand）的概念。
当产品价格上升，需求量大幅下降时，这表明需求对价格变动很敏感，即需求弹性大。
选项B表示需求缺乏弹性，与题意不符；选项C是效用的意思，与题干所描述现象无关；选项D是稀缺性，也不符合题意。
2. The cost of giving up the next best alternative when making a decision is called _.A. Fixed costB. Variable costC. Opportunity costD. Marginal cost答案：C。
解析：本题考查机会成本（Opportunity cost）的定义。
在做决策时放弃的次优选择的成本就是机会成本。
选项A固定成本是不随产量变化而变化的成本；选项B可变成本是随产量变化而变化的成本；选项D边际成本是增加一单位产量所增加的成本，均不符合题意。
3. In a market, if the supply of a certain product is much less than the demand, the product is _.A. SurplusB. DeficitC. ScarceD. Abundant答案：C。
解析：本题考查稀缺（Scarce）的概念。
在市场中，如果一种产品的供给远小于需求，这种产品就是稀缺的。
曼昆微观经济学英文版11publicgoods
Public goods are neither rival nor excludable.Because people are not charged for their use of public goods, they have an incentive to free ride when the good is provided ernments provide public goods, making quantity decisions based upon cost-benefit analysis.
THE DIFFERENT
KINDS OF GOODS
Four Types of GoodsPrivate GoodsPublic GoodsCommon ResourcesNatural MonopolDS
Private GoodsAre both excludable and rival.Public GoodsAre neither excludable nor mon ResourcesAre rival but not excludable.Natural MonopoliesAre excludable but not rival.
The Free-Rider Problem
Since people cannot be excluded from enjoying the benefits of a public good, individuals may withhold paying for the good hoping that others will pay for it.The free-rider problem prevents private markets from supplying public goods.
2022年考研考博-考博英语-浙江大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷(带答案)第50期
2022年考研考博-考博英语-浙江大学考试全真模拟易错、难点剖析B卷（带答案）一.综合题(共15题)1.单选题While Apple was coming under increasing pressure from lower cost PC clones, the company's initial response was to develop even more ( ) high-end computers.问题1选项A.sophisticatedB.luxuriousC.philosophicalD.sensitive【答案】A【解析】sophisticated复杂的，精致的；luxurious奢侈的，丰富的；philosophical哲学的；sensitive 敏感的。
句意：尽管苹果正面临来自低成本电脑复制品的越来越大压力，但该公司最初的反应是开发更复杂的高端电脑。
选项A符合句意。
2.单选题Whoever has skills and knowledge in this country, I believe, should be properly treated and rewarded（） his educational background and family origin.问题1选项A.despite ofB.regardless ofC.let aloneD.because of【答案】B【解析】despite of尽管；regardless of不管，不顾； let alone更不用说，听任；because of因为，由于。
句意：我认为，在这个国家无论谁拥有技术和知识，无论他的教育背景和家庭出身如何，都应该得到适当的对待和奖励。
选项B符合句意。
3.单选题Only in recent years（）begun to realize that wild dogs, kept within bounds, often do more good than harm.问题1选项A.people haveB.since people haveC.have peopleD.people who have【答案】C【解析】倒装结构。
商务翻译智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下湖北第二师范学院
商务翻译智慧树知到课后章节答案2023年下湖北第二师范学院湖北第二师范学院第一章测试1.以下关于“翻译”的描述正确而全面的一项是___（）答案:翻译是从语义到风格两个方面在译入语中再现原语信息。
2.下列哪些因素会影响到译文（）答案:译者对译文读者的预期;译者的外语水平;译者的综合知识和素养;译者的个人文风;译者的母语水平3.You know, Linda is a blonde.你知道，琳达是位金发女郎，不过有点“二”。
（）答案:对4.Don’t cough more than you can help.不要咳得比你能忍的更多。
（）答案:错5.Tom, you’re old enough to know better.汤姆，你大得能了解更多知识了。
（）答案:错第二章测试1.Business English is English with vocabulary of business. （）答案:错2.Everything can be translated into target language. （）答案:错3.We can use the same translation skills in whatever materials for translation.（）答案:错4.We can do translation work well once we understand the meanings of wordsand expressions in the source language. （）答案:错5.Only when we do translation work word-by-word can the meaning beconveyed in a faithful way. （）答案:错6.What is right about business English? （）答案:Business English is ESP, English for specific purpose.7.Choose from the following the right version for “He (TV viewer) is completelypassive and has everything presented to him without any effort on his part”.（）答案:看电视的人是被动的，他无需做任何努力，电视节目就将一切呈现在他面前。
基因工程作物与粮食质量相关的问题说明书
Grain Quality Issues Related to Genetically Modified CropsDirk E. Maier, Agricultural & Biological EngineeringHarvest is progressing rapidly, and new announcements from grain buyers (including elevators and processors) about accepting or not accepting genetically modified (GMO) corn and soybeans keep coming up. These concerns have arisen primarily due to increased consumer resistance to products containing genetically modified ingredients in Europe and Asia in recent weeks. This sentiment should not be underestimated. U.S. consumers are also becoming more aware of the issue of genetically modified ingredients in human foods. Public awareness has been fueled in part by attacks of environmentalists who have destroyed several GMO crops in research plots around the country and who have threatened to step up attacks.Key points Indiana producers should keep in mind as they harvest their crops this fall:(1) Farmers should check with their buyersregarding their current GMO buying policy and be aware that this policy could changethroughout the marketing year. Most of themajor processors have specified that products must be kept separate. In turn, many elevators and other first purchasers are requesting thesame of producers.(2) Farmers should keep GMO and non-GMO cornand beans segregated in their farm storagebins as much as possible in order to (a) takeadvantage of differential pricing such aspremiums for non-GMO beans or STS beans, etc., and (b) avoid being rejected by theirbuyer should their policy change later in theyear. Detailed, complete record keeping will be critical if any disputes arise about crop purity.So farmers should record planting dates, field location and size, seed identity, inputs used,harvest date, crop yield, bin number wherecrop is stored, date crop is delivered, and the name of the person who delivered the cropand the number of the vehicle used. Farmersshould also consider keeping a sample forevery segregated lot delivered.(3) Farmers should be aware that there is noreliable, quick test available yet to detect GMO corn or beans at the first point of sale. Thus,actual testing for GMO germplasm for the1999 crop will be spotty, with heavy relianceon producer representation as to which loads are GMO and which are non-GMO.Farmers should be careful about what statements they make or DO NOT make orally (or sign) regarding GMO germplasm in the crops they deliver to the buyer! According to Dr. Neil E. Harl, Iowa State University Professor and Member of the Iowa Bar, farmers can realistically:• State that no seed represented by the seedcompany as GMO seed was planted.• State that seed represented by the seedcompany as non-GMO seed was planted.• State that care was taken in avoidingcontamination in harvesting (combines,grain carts, wagons, trucks), handling (pits,legs, cleaners, bins, augers) and haulingequipment (trucks).Farmers should be careful NOT to:• State that the crop in question has no GMOgermplasm.• State that no contamination has occurredfrom mechanical harvesting, handling, andstorage of the crop.• State that no contamination has occurredfrom pollen drift.Grain Quality Issues Related to Genetically Modified Crops Grain Quality Task ForcePurdue UniversityFact Sheet # 42• September 23,1999(4) Farmers should be aware that there is aWebsite available to locate buyers ofgenetically modified grains. The AmericanSeed Trade Association has created a Webdatabase to “help you locate grain handlingfacilities that have indicated a willingness topurchase, receive, and handle geneticallyenhanced corn that has not yet beenapproved for import into the EuropeanUnion.” The URL for the ASTA Website is/(5) Farmers should make smart seed buyingchoices this winter, because the GMO vs.non-GMO issue is unlikely to be resolved intime for next year’s planting season. I expectthat next year there will continue to bemarketing opportunities for non-GMO cropswith premiums. By that time, quick test kitsshould be available at every point of sale thatwill detect the difference between GMO andnon-GMO loads. Although even non-GMOcrops will likely never be completely free ofGMO germplasm, the GMO level may be at an acceptably low level. A key problem is that no one has set acceptable tolerances. Withouttolerances, no one knows for sure where theline will be drawn.(6) Our NIR Grain Composition Analysis Serrvicecannot detect differences between GMO andnon-GMO crops. However, it can give theprotein, oil, and starch content of corn andthe protein, oil, and fiber content of beans.Producers, farm managers, crop consultants, and elevator operators may submit samplesfor that purpose. More information isavailable at:/~grainlabAccording to Dr. Harl, the issues concerning harvesting, handling, storage, and delivery of genetically modified crops this season adds up to a “high stakes legal problem for everyone involved.” Eventually, with reliable testing at every point at which the crop is commingled—at the elevator receiving station, at the processor’s bins, or at the export vessel—it will be possible to monitor more closely what is GMO and what is non-GMO (or more likely, what contains only low levels of GMO germplasm). But the system is not there yet and will not be capable of that type and extent of testing during the 1999-2000 crop season.The following Websites contain additional useful reference material on this subject:/extens/postharvest/ tempstor.html#SegCrops/pages/grainThe following Websites contain information about available GMO test kits:Grain Quality Fact Sheets can be accessedon-line through the World Wide Web at: http:// /AgCom/Pubs/grain.htm (select) Grain Qualityor /~grainlab(select) On-Line Extension Publications(select) Grain Quality Fact SheetsAlmanac: send e-mail to:******************.edumessage:send grain guideor send grain catalogor send grain factsheet #42 (for example)or send acsonline GQ-42。
Other Innovation Models 2020
ideas, we will win.
We should control our intellectual property (IP) so that We should profit from others’ use of our IP, and we
our competitors don’t profit from our ideas
should buy others’ IP whenever it advances our
business model.
(Chesbrough, 2003)
Open Innovation Process
10
Benefits & Challenges of Open Innovation
Collaborating for Innovation
Project or product development teams
Formal – and informal – networks of knowledge &
skills, crossing internal & organizational boundaries
Communities of practice
will win.
getting to the market first.
If we create the most and the best ideas in the industry, If we make the best use of internal and external
we will win.
17
Table 8.2 Forms of collaboration
688核心高考词汇
高频词汇688[?:lt?] ?v. 改变，改动，变更. As times alter, men's affections change. 时过境迁。
2. burst [b?:st] vt. & vi. & n. 爆炸, 爆裂，爆发, 突然发生，His appearance on the platform was greeted with a burst of applause.[disp?uz] vt. & vi. 去掉，舍弃，处理; 处置He was forced to dispose of his art treasures. 他被迫处理（舍弃）掉自己的艺术珍藏。
4. blast [blɑ:st] n. 爆炸; 气流 vt. & vi. 炸, 炸掉（用炸药）炸毁，把…炸成碎片；爆破A blast of hot air came from the furnace. 一股热风从火炉里吹出来。
The village was blasted by enemy bombs.村子被敌人的炸弹毁掉了。
[k?n'sju:m] vt. 消耗, 消费, 耗尽（燃料、能量、时间等）Arguing about details consumed many hours of the committee's valuable time.6. split [split] vt. & vi. (使)裂开; (使)破裂The wood splits easily.这木头容易劈开。
7. spit [spit] vt. & vi. .吐痰; 吐出It's bad to spit. 吐痰是不好的行为。
[spil] vt. & vi. 溢出; 泼出The coffee is so full that it might spill over. 咖啡太满可能会溢出来。
WORD
It's unlikely that the thieves will be caught. Natural catastrophes, such as volcanic eruptions, may result in sites being buried very rapidly.
The city covers 25 square miles.
Most health insurers don't cover any surgery that is done for cosmetic reasons. He was sent to Northern Ireland to cover the peace talks.
fortune chance or luck, and the effect that it has on your life, the good or bad things that happen in life
an ancient story invented to explain myth natural events, or an idea or story that many people believe, but which is not true myth
tending to disagree with what other people tell you sceptical I'm extremely sceptical about what I read in the press. Environmental groups are sceptical of the government's claims. Sceptics argued that the rise in prices was temporary.
新概念第二册37课作文答案
新概念第二册37课作文答案篇一：新概念英语第二册73课课后习题详细答案新概念英语第二册课后习题答案详解Lesson 73练习答案Key to written exercises1．关键句型练习答案A who(1.1); or (1.2); as far as (1.3); who(1.4); while (1.4); and(1.5); When(1.6); as(1.8); and(1.9); and (1.9); as(1.10); but(1.10); and(1.11); wno(1.12)C 1 The climbers not only reached the top of the mountain, but(they)spent the night there as well.2 When a fire broke out in a cinema, several hundred people tried to leave the building and a number of them were injured.3 James Sullivan, whose book on the Antarctic was published recently, will give a lecture at the local library next week.4 Although the police searched everywhere, neither the missing boy nor his dog could be found.5 In spite of the fact that fares have increased, the railway company is still losing money because the employees have demanded higher wages.6 He gave me such a fright that I knockedthe teapot over.7 After making sure that the alarm clock worked, I set it so that it would ring at six o'clock.8 I hid the Christmas presents under the desk quickly so that my young daughter would not see them when she entered the room9 Refusing the offer, I explained that I had already been offered a job by another company.10 He fought the wolves off for three hours before help arrived.2．多项选择题答案1. c根据课文第5行He hitchhiked to Dover (他搭便车到了多佛)可以判断只有c. Someone gave him a lift (某人让他搭便车)与课文的内容相符，并能说明他是怎么到达多佛的，其他3个选择都与课文内容无关。
下半年英语四级模拟考试试题
下半年英语四级模拟考试试题2017年下半年英语四级模拟考试试题积累知识，胜过积蓄金银以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年下半年英语四级模拟考试试题，希望能给大家带来帮助!Part I Writing.(30 minutes)1、1.目前社会上有不少假冒伪劣商品;2.举例说明假冒伪劣商品对消费者个人、社会等的危害;3.消除伪劣商品的方法。
Section A36、Questions 36-46 are based on the following passage.Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go fuller.The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually___36____you money or can add to the cost.Take the___37____example of a hairdryer, If you are buying a hairdryer，you might think that you are making the___38____ buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest___39____price.But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive___40____to dry your hair.The cost of the electricity plus the cost of your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all.So what principles should you___41____when you go out shopping?If you keep your home.your car or any valuable____42___in excellent condition，you’11 be saving money in the long run.Before you buy a new____43___，talk to someone who owns one.If you e it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose.Before you buy an expensive___44____，or a service，do check the price and what is on offer.If possible.choose____45___three items or three estimatesA.spossessionB.saveC.bestD.applianceE.materialF. fromG.simpleH.withI.inJ.elementK. modelL.itemM.easyN.adoptO.reasonable第(36)题__________。
网购英语作文
网购英语作文下面是作者整理的网购英语作文（共含14篇），希望能帮助到大家! 篇1：网购英语作文Advantages:Will greatly save shopping time, while listening to light music enjoying the fun of shopping online. Moreover, gifts can also be sent to friends you want, directly from the Internet after ordering, you can send to your friend's House.Second, cargo than n. To give you a day's time, you can only visit a dozen stores, but on the Web, you can search hundreds of shops in one hour. Find style is the same, while the most expensive of that House, you can place an order.DisadvantagesA, such as physical and photos of the gap is too wide. Online shopping is only seeing the picture, to the arrival of goods in your hand, you will feel different from real. This is better to buy the rest assured in the Mall, because 100% is real.Second, you need to add postage. In fact, this is not a disadvantage, because you need to go shopping is spending fare. Postage of online shopping it is quite cheap, but some shopkeepers are happy, willing to mail it for you, then you can even earn.Third, not to try on. I never agreed with net purchase clothes and shoes. Because the clothes and shoes to try on yourself to know is that all right ~ if bought on the Internet are not appropriate, returns and more trouble to dropping said.Fourth, network payment is not secure. Have heard people say Taobao, Alipay is vulnerable, so I've always been shopping, saving into the Alipay, PayPal money is always empty in peacetime, huh. Not worry about rice is vulnerable, but everything be careful.篇2：网购英语作文my first experience of shopping onlineIt is known that with the rapid development of information technology,internet and electronic merce is getting more and more popular in our daily my first experience of shopping online i have got some ideas and share them with you.Personally I believe that by making good use of online shopping,we can get various products that are possibly not available in a traditional browsing the products online,we can easily and conveniently choose the ones we like and get them paid and delivered without going out of addition,the products are always cheaper than the ones in a traditional store.However,the disadvantage of online shopping is that sometimes we may not actually see the products until we receive them,which I think we may have the chance to buy something sometimes there may be potential risks for online shopping,there is no doubt that it is of great benefit and convenience for us to go shopping online.篇3：网购英语作文We talked about the advantages and disadvantages of internet shopping thesedays。
Guide Dogs for the Blind Guide Dog Guide
A Guide Dog In The Workplace Who looks after the dog?Caring for the dog is the owner’s responsibility. The dog is takento the vet for a health check every six months and is routinelywormed and vaccinated. The owner grooms the dog regularly tokeep it clean and to try to reduce the number of hairs it leaveson the carpet. The dog is fed at home, and it is the owner’sresponsibility to ensure that water is available at work.What happens if the dog misbehaves?Applying appropriate discipline is part of a guide dog owner’sresponsibility. There is no reason for you to put up with disruptioncaused by the dog misbehaving. If problems do occur, pleasediscuss them with the owner, who will be keen to make sure thathis or her dog isn’t a nuisance. If the problem isn’t resolved, you cancontact your nearest Guide Dogs team for help and advice (go to/nearyou). It’s always easier for them to dealwith things sooner rather than later, so please don’t let matters getout of hand before saying something.Does someone check on the guide dog’s work?Each guide dog and owner is visited at least once a year to checkthe dog’s guiding skills and to ensure that all is well. Several visitsto the workplace may be necessary in the early settling-in days, andthen annually. If difficulties arise, a Guide Dogs instructor will comemore often to offer support and advice.If you would like to know more about Guide Dogs and the rangeof services we offer to visually-impaired people, or you areWhen a guide dog owner first comes to work with hisor her guide dog, most people are a little uncertain about what they should or shouldn’t do.The reality is that you should barely notice the guide dog is there, since it will have been trained to lie quietly while its owner is working.However, here are answers to some of the questions that people ask most often about having a guide dog in the workplace. Following this advice will help to make life easier for everyone.How should I behave towards the dog?The important thing to remember is that a guide dog is a working animal, not an ordinary pet. It expects to work with its owner and knows that when it’s wearing the harness, it is on duty. When the dog is working it needs to concentrate on the job in hand (or paw!), so it’s very important that you don’t distract it by touching, feeding or talking to it. When the dog’s harness is off, it should behave like a well-trained pet dog.Where will the dog stay during the day?When it’s not working, the guide dog should rest quietly and undisturbed. The owner will provide a dog bed or blanket which should be placed in a draught-free position close to their desk or workbench. If the owner’s work space is unsuitable for a dog, for example because of industrial machinery, Guide Dogs may be able to help with providing a kennel and run.Can I talk to the dog?Like all dogs, guide dogs enjoy attention, and unless it’s on duty the answer will often be “yes” – but please always ask the owner first! It’s important not to overwhelm or overexcite the dog, particularly when it’s settling in to the work environment, so please don’t be offended if the owner asks you not to talk to the dog.Can I feed the dog?Definitely not! All guide dogs are fed a carefully balanced diet and extras or titbits will affect their health and the way they work. We also recommend you keep your own food – sandwiches for example – well out of temptation’s way!Can I play with the dog?A guide dog has been trained to lie quietly where it’s placed, so it’s a great help if you don’t encourage it to run around in the workplace. It may have some toys to play with but they should not be noisy ones, and the dog won’t be allowed to chase them around the work area. When does the dog go out?For the first few weeks, the owner may need to take the dog out for five minutes to relieve itself three or four times a day. Once the dog has settled in and is used to the routine, one or two longer breaks will normally be enough.Where does the dog relieve itself?The guide dog owner, together with their employer and a Guide Dogs instructor, will identify the most suitable place nearby, which may be on the premises or off-site. The guide dog owner will take the dog to the relief area. Arrangements will also have been made for the disposal of waste and cleaning the area, but support fromthe company or individuals is always much appreciated.。
英语听说考试必须掌握的五大经典句型
英语听说考试必须掌握的五大经典句型“任何时候开始都不晚！”，快点练习起来吧！1. 一般疑问句结构： be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分？花那么多时间在电脑游戏方面有必要吗？ Is it necessary to spend so much time on computer games?你打算参加即将到来的运动会吗？ Are you going to take part in the coming sports meeting?一个人的爱好和性格之间有什么关系吗？ Is there any relationship between one’s hobby and his character?住学校宿舍是否较便宜？ Is it cheaper to live in a university dormitory than in a private house?你想来点奶酪吗？ Would/Do you like some cheese?网上购物将会取代传统的购物方式吗？ Will online shopping take the place of the traditional shopping?你是否拿了我放在桌面的钥匙？ Did you take the key which put on the table by me?你是否知道这里禁止吸烟？ Do you know that smoking is forbidden here?你还没有完成老师布置的作业？Haven’t you finished the homework assigned by the teacher ?2. 特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词+be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他？1）what & which今天星期几？ What day is today?今天几号？ What is the date today?今天天气如何？ What is the weather like today?他们下一步打算做什么？ What are they going to do next?David 加入了哪一组？ Which group did David take part in?你打算到哪个大学学习？ Which university are you going to study in?吸烟对我们有什么影响？ What effect does smoking have on us?当我们学习英语时，应该注意什么？ What should we pay attention to when we learn English?为了保持健康我们应该有什么样的饮食？ What kind of diet should we have to keep healthy?这个男孩的妈妈年轻时喜欢干什么？What did the boy’s mother enjoy doing when she was young?2）who /whom when /where/why谁将会做一个关于如何节约用水的讲座？ Who will make a speech about how to save water?他们正在焦急地等待谁？ Whom are they anxiously waiting for?商店的营业时间是？ When is the shop open for business?你什么时候有空来看一下房子？ When are you free to see the apartments?你在哪里找到你上周丢失的车？ Where did you find the car that you lost last week?最近的汽车站在哪里？ Where is the nearest bus station from here?他们为什么不喜欢传统的节日？Why don’t they like the traditional Festivals?Carl为什么不同意星期五做手术？Why doesn’t Carl agree to have the operation on Friday?说话者为什么为自己的健康担心？ Why did the speaker worry about health？3）how / how often/ how much / how many / how long / how far…时间怎么安排？ How is the schedule arranged?Mary 和她的同学相处得怎么样？ How does Mary get along with her classmates?这个女士多久要参加一次部门会议？ How often does the woman attend the department meeting?超市里一块饼干多少钱？ How much is a piece of cake in the supermarket?火车单程票票价？ How much do we pay for a single ticket?他们中有多少人下周四会动身去上海？ How many of them will leave for Shanghai next Thursday?有多少人在事故中死亡？ How many people were killed in the accident？从这个房子到最近的地铁有多远？ How far is it from the house to the nearest subway station?你已经在这儿呆了多长时间了？ How long have you stayed here?从本处乘火车到那个景点的时间？ How long does it take to go by train from here to the place of interest?你要怎么去，坐火车还是乘飞机？ How are you getting there, by train or by plane?3. 选择疑问句结构：一般疑问句+or+其他成分？ / 特殊疑问句 +or+其他成分？他喜欢呆在这儿还是回家？ Does he prefer to stay here or go back home?你将搭乘飞机还是火车离开？ Will you leave by air or by train?他何时动身去伦敦，今天还是明天？ When will he leave for London, today or tomorrow?哪个城市大些，北京还是纽约？ Which city is bigger, Beijing or New York?猫和狗你更喜欢哪一种？ Which do you prefer, cats or dogs?4. 反义疑问句结构：陈述句+简短疑问（前肯定后否定；前否定后肯定）？那里的天气并不冷，对吗？The weather there isn’t very cold, is it?你会参加这个周末的派对，是吗？ You are going to the party this weekend, aren’t you?你一定把这事告诉她了，不是吗？ You must have told her about it, haven’t you?我们将会永远记住这次的经历，对吗？ We will remember this experience forever, won’t we?很多人日本人在地震中丧生，对吗？ Many Japanese were k illed in the earthquake, weren’t they?5. 变异问句您能告诉我一些关于期中考试的事情？ Can you tell me something about the Mid-term exam?您介意告诉我是谁负责这个部门吗？ Would you mind telling me who is in charge of the department?他认为什么是最大问题？ What does he consider is the biggest problem?你认为会议将会在哪里举行？ Where do you suppose the meeting will take place?。
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Simon Benninga and Zvi Wiener
It is commonly believed that the cheapest-to-deliver bond on a Treasury bond futures contract has extremal duration. The authors show that this is not always true. There is an easy rule for cheapest-to-deliver bonds which involves choosing a combination of extremal coupons and maturities. This rule is derived for a ¯at term structure and its extension to a non¯at term structure is given.
à The price today of a T-bond with coupon c and maturity M is given by M
price cY M c Á v tY (Y r d( v tY MY rX
t
à CF cY MY TÐthe conversion factor for a T-bond with maturity M and coupon c delivered at time T against the forward contractÐis calculated using a continuous version of the CBOT formula:
MÀT
CF cY MY T
c Á eÀ0X08( d( eÀ0X08 MÀT
0
ceÀ0X08( À0X08
MÀT
0
eÀ0X08 M ÀT
c 1
À
eÀ0X08 M X
3 Although in principle marking to market is a factor in futures versus forward pricing (see e.g. Cox, Ingersoll, and Ross 1981, Jarrow and Old®eld 1981, Richard and Sundaresan 1981), there seems to be general agreement that marking to market is not an important pricing consideration for ®nancial futures contracts. See Sundaresan (1991), Benninga and Protopapadakis (1994), and Hanweck (1995).
An extensive literature dealing with the CTD when the term structure is ¯at has somehow become mired in the misconception that the CTD is characterizable in terms of the duration. We show that this is not always true and that the exceptions to the duration rule contain a large number of economically relevant scenarios.1 Another branch of the literature on this topic has examined the problem by using speci®c term structure models to examine the valuation of the options implicit in the delivery choice.2 We prove that the long-term interest ratesÐmost relevant for the CTD decisionÐmust be almost ¯at in any economically reasonable term structure model, so that the ¯at term structure case will be a good approximation to a more sophisticated term structure model.
à The discount factor at time t for a 61 payment at time ( b t when the time-t spot rate is r is denoted by v tY (Y r.
à The set of all deliverable T-bonds is assumed to be convex; bonds are assumed to pay continuous coupons. By writing fcY Mg, we denote a T-bond paying a continuous coupon c and having maturity M.
39
40 S. Benninga and Z. Wiener
show that this choice can be characterized into one of four categories. Section 5 compares our characterization with the duration rule common in the literature. We show that in three out of the four cases the duration rule can be dierent (and in two of these three cases is likely to be dierent) from the correct CTD rule. Section 6 proves that limiting term structures must be ¯at, and Section 7 contains some numerical simulations for the Vasicek term structure, a typical non¯at term structure; it can be seen from these simulations that our characterization of the CTD still holds. We summarize our results in Section 8.
1. INTRODUCTION
In this paper we reconsider the problem of the cheapest-to-deliver (CTD) on a Treasury bond (T-bond) futures contract. This problem has received a great deal of attention in the ®nance literature; interest in it derives from the fact that the Treasury bond futures contractÐone of the most widely traded of all ®nancial futures contractsÐallows for the delivery of a wide range of Treasury bonds and that the procedure for adjusting the delivery price of these bonds rarely conforms to the dierences in market prices.
à g tY TY cY MY r denotes a bond-speci®c forward contract at time t; the contract calls for delivery of a T-bond fcY Mg at time T.
à We ignore the eects of marking to market on the price of the futures contract. This enables us to examine only a forward contract.3
1 We have not succeeded in tracking down the source of this misconception. Jones (1985)Ðbasing his analysis on papers by Kilcollin (1982) and Kane and Marcus (1984)Ðseems to have been the ®rst to have stated that duration is the determining factor in choosing the CTD. Similar statements are to be found in textbooks (e.g. Edwards and Ma 1992) and in the internal manuals of a number of investment banks. 2 See, for example, Kane and Marcus (1986), Boyle (1989), Hanweck (1995), Hemler (1990), and Ronn and Bliss (1994).