高考 冲刺训练--高二英语人教版(必修5)--(附解析答案)

2018年10月14日每周一测Ⅰ. 阅读理解ANo one enjoys hearing the sound of someone else chewing their food. Most of the time, though, it’s not that big a deal but a minor annoyance.But for a small group of people with misophonia (恐音症), the sound can be painful, causing extreme anger and deep discomfort. The most ordinary sounds of chewing and breathing can drive them crazy. Past attempts to explain the causes of misophonia have suggested everything from compulsive disorder to an easily-annoyed personality—but according to a study published yesterday in the journal Current Biology, the true criminal is the structure of the brain.For the study, a team of researchers led by Newcastle University neuroscientist Sukhbinder Kumar recruited (招募) 42 volunteers, of whom around half had extreme misophonia and the other half served as the control group, and played them several different noises: some ordinary; some harsh, like the sound of a person screaming; and some that were ordinary for the control group but known to be annoying for misophonics, people with misophonia, like the sound of breathing. As the participants listened, the researchers monitored them for signs of anxiety, both physical symptoms and behavioral expressions, and observed their brain activity using FMRI scans.The only significant difference in reaction between the two groups happened, during the misophonia-specific sounds, when those with the condition showed physical changes that suggested they were entering fight-or-flight mode.Misophonics had increased activity in the AIC, an area known to play a central role in the system that determines which things we should pay attention to. When the trigger sounds were played, there was not only more activity in this region but also abnormally high levels of connection to other regions.Misophonia, in other words, may be a result of misplaced attention the brain of a misophonic focuses on things that other people normally tune out (不予理会). On a related note, on behalf of misophonics and manners-minded moms everywhere: Please, chew with your mouth closed.1. What is the true criminal of misophonia?A. Sounds of chewing and breathing.B. Compulsive disorder.C. An easily-annoyed personality.D. The structure of the brain.2. Which way did researches use to carry out their research?A. Playing volunteers several different voices.B. Observing volunteers’ heart a ctivity using FMRI scans.C. Monitoring volunteers for signs of anxiety.D. Analyzing volunteers’ answers to specific questions.3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Misophonics had decreased activity in the AIC during the misophonia-specific sounds.B. The brain of a misophonic concentrates on things other people normally ignore.C. Around 42 volunteers with extreme misophonia were recruited in the research.D. Chewing food noisily is appreciated by the people all over the world.4. What is the main idea of the passage?A. Reasons why misophonics can’t stand even small noises.B. Misophonia may cause misplaced attention.C. We should care for misophonics.D. Symptoms of misophonia.BFrench writer Frantz Fanon once said, “To speak a language is to take on a world, a culture. ” Since the world changes every day, so does our language.More than 300 new words and phrases have recently made it into the online Oxford Dictionary, and in one way or another the y are all reflections of today’s changing world.After a year that was politically unstable, it’s not hard to understand the fact that people’s political views are one of the main drives of our expanding vocabulary. One example is “clicktivism”, a compound of “click” and “activism”. It refers to “armchair activists”—people who support a political or social cause, but only show their sup port from behind a computer or smartphone. And “otherize” is a verb for “other” that means to alienate (使疏远)people who are different from ourselves—whether that be different skin color, religious belief or sexuality.Lifestyle is also changing our langu age. For example, “fitspiration” —a compound of fit and inspiration—refers to a person or thing that encourages one to exercise and stay fit and healthy.The phrase “climate refugee”—someone who is forced to leave their home due to climate change—reflects people’s concern for the environment.According to Stevenson, social media was the main source for the new expre ssions. “People feel much freer to coin their own words these days, ” he said.But still, not all newly-invented words get the chance to make their way into a mainstream (主流的) dictionary. If you want to create your own hit words, Angus Stevenson, Oxford Dictionaries head of content development, suggests that you should not only make sure that they are expressive (有表现力的) and meaningful, but also have an attractive sound so that people will enjoy saying them out loud.5. What’s the purpose of the quot ation from French writer Frantz Fanon?A. To serve as the topic of the passage.B. To present one of the major views of the society.C. To show the fact that language mirrors the culture in a way.D. To lead to the topic of the whole passage.6. The underlined word “coin” in the second-to-last paragraph probably means “________”.A. useB. recordC. changeD. create7. How is the article mainly developed?A. By giving examples.B. By making comparisons.C. By following a timeline.D. By presenting research findings.8. According to Stevenson, to make the words you invent popular, they should ________.A. be easy to rememberB. have unique meaningsC. reflect the changing worldD. be meaningful, expressive and catchyⅡ. 完形填空I was driving to the grocery store on a warm morning in May. I smiled as I watched the golden sunshine 1on the leaves. It was such a 2and heavenly time.My calm was broken, 3, as I rounded a curve (拐弯处). A huge U-Haul truck was coming my way several feet over the center line. I swerved as far onto the side of the road as I could to 4it. It was followed by not one but two other U-Haul trucks just as 5. I wondered if all the stuff inside of them 6 the same person. I slowed down my car and waited for my heart rate to 7. It was then that I 8 a self-storage business along the side of the highway, building new units for all the people who couldn’t fit their 9into their houses. I saw a (n) 10couple carrying boxes into one of the units. It seemed 11that a couple just out of their teens could already have too much stuff.I lost my own 12for owning stuff when a house fire in the middle of the night destroyed everything my family owned. The only thing I had left was the underwear I was wearing. Yet, our whole family had awakened 13to escape. In the weeks that followed friends and family gave us a lot of stuff to get us back on our feet, but none of it seemed as 14anymore. What was important was seein g Mom’s smile, giving Nana a hug and a kiss, and watching Dad snooze(打盹)in his chair 15 a hard day’s work. What wasimportant was the stuff of 16, not the stuff of this world. Since then I have tried to limit the things I 17. I didn’t want too much stuff to 18my life. I wanted to only buy what I needed and to spend my days in learning, growing, and 19my family and others.I assumed that only by doing so could I make my 20.1. A. appreciating B. reflecting C. admiring D. releasing2. A. refreshing B. delightful C. peaceful D. dynamic3. A. though B. too C. anyway D. instead4. A. miss B. reject C. ignore D. desert5. A. useful B. large C. new D. good6. A. turned to B. referred to C. reacted to D. belonged to7. A. beat B. pulse C. accelerate D. follow8. A. noticed B. thought C. did D. established9. A. furniture B. boxes C. possessions D. materials10. A. old B. young C. middle-aged D. small11. A. curious B. apparent C. certain D. obvious12. A. hope B. talent C. faith D. taste13. A. in return B. in turn C. in time D. in vain14. A. valuable B. significant C. beneficial D. practical15. A. before B. in C. after D. during16. A. mind B. hand C. head D. soul17. A. purchase B. donate C. waste D. need18. A. put up B. crowd up C. bring up D. set up19. A. helping B. abusing C. loving D. affecting20. A. name B. day C. world D. wayⅢ. 语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。