考研英语语法难点精析17讲
考研英语一资料推荐
考研英语一资料推荐考研英语一是中国考研考试中的重要科目之一，对于备考者来说，选择适合自己的资料是提高英语水平，提高考试成绩的关键。
本文旨在为考研英语一备考者推荐几种优质的资料，帮助他们更高效地备战考试。
一、教材推荐1.《考研英语1真题精析》该教材是根据历年考研英语一真题编写而成，全面解析了每年的真题，并提供了详细的答案解析和解题技巧。
通过分析历年考题，考生可以更好地把握考试重点，熟悉题型，掌握解题技巧。
同时，该教材还提供了大量的练习题，供考生进行复习和巩固。
2.《考研英语1词汇突破》词汇是英语学习的基础，也是考研英语一备考的重要内容。
《考研英语1词汇突破》致力于帮助考生扩充词汇量，提高词汇应用能力。
该教材通过分类整理词汇，并提供了详细的解释、例句和练习题，帮助考生掌握关键词汇。
3.《考研英语1阅读理解精讲》阅读理解是考研英语一考试中的难点之一。
《考研英语1阅读理解精讲》通过对历年真题的解析，指导考生掌握提取信息、推理判断等解题技巧，并提供大量的练习题，帮助考生提高阅读速度和理解能力。
二、参考书推荐1. 《剑桥雅思1-14真题精讲》雅思考试是国际英语能力评估系统，与考研英语考试难度相当。
《剑桥雅思1-14真题精讲》系列是一套经典的雅思考试辅导教材，通过对雅思真题的解析，帮助考生了解国际英语考试的出题思路和难度，提高阅读、听力和写作能力。
2. 《新东方·久雪考研英语一阅读理解》新东方一直以来都是备考者的首选机构，他们出版的《久雪考研英语一阅读理解》是备考阅读理解的良好参考书。
该书通过列举各种类型的题目，为考生提供了大量的练习机会，并针对每个难点提供了详细的解析和解题技巧。
三、网课推荐1. 网易云课堂网易云课堂是国内知名的在线学习平台，提供了大量的考研英语一在线视频课程。
考生可以根据自己的需求选择不同难度和内容的课程，通过网上学习和在线辅导，更好地备考考研英语一。
2. 慕课网慕课网是国内最大的在线教育平台，也提供了许多考研英语一相关的课程。
考研英语翻译技巧搞懂插入语翻译顺序
考研英语翻译技巧搞懂插入语翻译顺序考研英语语法贯穿在不同的题型中，大家要想学精英语就要学好语法，下面为大家解析英语语法难点之分割结构。
插入语是英语的常见现象。
插入语的特点和功能可以概括为：在形式上，与句子其它部分由逗号、括号或破折号隔开;在结构上可有可无，不影响句子的整体结构;在意义上，对句子表达起到准时补充的作用。
插入结构一般用逗号与句子其他部分隔开，往往位于主谓之间、并列结构之间或是主从句之间。
由于插入语在结构上可有可无，所以要先理解插入语两端的内容，再理解插入语。
因此，对于插入语，我们的处理方法是：先读两端，再读中间。
翻译成汉语时，有些插入语，可保持原文中的挨次。
然而，在很多状况下，需要对英语原文句子的挨次进行必要的调整，使译文符合汉语习惯。
【真题例句1】Britain almost more than any other country in the world must seriously face the problem of building upwards, that is to say, of accommodating a considerable proportion of its population in high blocks of flats.【解析】全句共有2个谓语动词：must face和is，其中主句谓语动词为must face。
主干为：Britain must face the problem almost more than any other country in the world作为Britain的后置定语。
两个of介词短语都修饰the problem。
that is to say 是插入语，意为也就是说，将两个并列的of介词短语分隔开来。
本句是一个简洁句。
【参考译文】英国几乎比世界上任何国家都更加需要严厉对待向高空建筑房屋的问题，也就是说，要在很高的公寓楼里面容纳下人口总数的一大部分的问题。
2017考研英语阅读真题逐句拆分解析(16)
凯程考研集训营，为学生引路，为学员服务！第 1 页 共 1 页 2017考研英语阅读真题逐句拆分解析（16）提升阅读和翻译能力要打好基础，要做到这一点，一定要学会精读，以历年真题为依托，仔细研究每个句子，日积月累，坚持百日，相信会有很大的提升。
下面凯程在线带大家来逐句拆分解读历年阅读真题，从成分到词汇及这你翻译，帮助大家打好基础，提升综合能力，大家抓紧学起来。
( 2005年真题Section Ⅱ Reading Comprehension Part A Text 2第2段 第5句) But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical 连词1 主语1 谓语 宾语 连词2 形式主语 系动词 表语that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide主语从句 定语从句concerning the future consequences of present actions.”后置定语译文：但科学确实为我们的未来提供了可实现的最好指导。
我们的国家乃至整个世界应当以科学能够提供的关于我们现在的行为会如何影响未来的最佳判断为前提，制定各项重大政策，这一点很重要。
分析：本句由两个并列句构成，第一个分句中需要注意的是固定结构provide sb. with sth.，表示“给某人提供某物”。
全句难点在于第二个分句，分句中it 作形式主语，后面由that 引导的从句our nation and the world …是句子的真正主语。
该主语从句中的介词短语on the best judgments 是从句的状语。
Judgments 后是由that 引导的定语从句，现在分词短语concerning the future consequences …是后置定语，与定语从句共同修饰先行词judgments 。
在职考研的学习资料推荐
在职考研的学习资料推荐在职考研是指在工作期间进行研究生考试的一种形式，为了更好地备考和提高学习效果，选择合适的学习资料是非常重要的。
本文将针对在职考研的学习资料推荐进行探讨，为在职考生提供一些建议和参考。
一、教材推荐1. 《考研英语阅读理解精讲与习题精练》这本教材是针对考研英语阅读理解而编写的，内容全面且有针对性，解析准确详细，习题设计合理，适合广大考生进行自学和强化训练。
2. 《考研政治主题课讲义》这本教材是政治科目的权威教材，内容全面覆盖考试的重点和难点，讲义内容精炼、逻辑清晰，非常适合在职考研学生进行政治学习和复习。
3. 《考研数学基础精讲与习题精练》这本教材是针对考研数学基础知识进行讲解的，涵盖了数学的各个分支，理论知识讲解深入浅出，配有大量习题供学生练习，是数学科目的必备教材。
二、辅导资料推荐1. 《考研英语词汇指南》这本资料主要围绕英语词汇进行讲解，详细解释了各种考研常见词汇的意义和用法，同时提供了大量的例句和练习题帮助学生巩固词汇记忆和应用能力。
2. 《考研政治题库》这本题库是针对政治科目的习题集，内容包含了历年考研政治试题和模拟题，覆盖了各个知识点和考点，帮助学生了解考试要求，熟悉考试形式，并能针对性地进行练习和复习。
3. 《考研数学强化训练》这本资料是为了提高学生数学解题能力和思维逻辑而编写的，涵盖了各个数学分支的经典题型和难点，通过大量的例题和解题思路的讲解，帮助学生掌握解题技巧和方法。
三、在线资源推荐1. 考研网站目前市面上存在着众多专门为考研学生提供资料的网站，比如中国研究生招生信息网、考研网等，这些网站提供了丰富的考试信息、历年试题和经验分享等，对于在职考生进行备考和获取动态信息十分有帮助。
2. 在线课程平台在线课程平台如MOOC等提供了丰富的考研课程供学生选择，这些课程由权威教师授课，讲解内容详细清晰，配有课后习题和作业供学生练习和巩固知识。
四、参考书目推荐1. 《高数一本通》这本书解析了高等数学的基础知识和方法，适合在职考生进行辅导复习。
在职考研的学习资料和参考书籍推荐
在职考研的学习资料和参考书籍推荐在职考研对于工作之余追求学位的人来说是一个较为艰巨的任务。
在忙碌的工作时间中，如何高效地备考以及选择合适的学习资料和参考书籍对于顺利通过考研具有重要意义。
本文将为在职考研的学生推荐一些值得阅读的学习资料和参考书籍。
一、考研英语1.《考研英语真题精讲》（李笑来著）该书是考研英语真题的解析指导书，通过对历年真题的精讲分析，让考生更好地了解考研英语试题的特点和解题思路。
此外，书中还包含了一些英语学习的技巧和方法，帮助考生提高英语语言水平和解题能力。
2.《考研英语词汇突破》（李燕著）词汇是考研英语中的重要部分，该书通过分类整理了考研英语常见的词汇，并提供了详细的解释和例句。
同时，该书还提供了一些记忆和应用词汇的方法技巧，帮助考生更好地记忆和运用词汇。
二、政治1.《2022年考研政治高分指导》（暂无作者）这本书是针对考研政治专业制作的高分指导书，该书包含了考研政治的基础知识和重点难点的详细解析。
对于在职考生来说，该书不仅可以帮助他们建立起知识体系，同时还提供了一些备考方法和技巧。
2.《马原解读与思考》（中共中央党校教材）这是一本中共中央党校教材，从理论深度和体系上解读了马克思主义的基本原理和基本观点。
对于考研政治的备考来说，该书是一本很好的参考资料，可以帮助考生更好地理解和运用马克思主义政治理论。
三、数学1.《数学一重点题型解析》（王涛著）该书是对考研数学一中的重点题型进行详细解析的一本书籍。
通过对历年真题和模拟题的解析，帮助考生更好地理解数学一中的难点和重点，并提供了一些解题的技巧和方法。
2.《数学二级数与级数》（吴文俊著）这是一本经典的数学教材，在考研数学中有很高的参考价值。
该书详细讲解了级数和级数函数的相关概念和性质，并通过大量的例题帮助考生更好地掌握相关知识点。
四、专业课1.《2022考研英语二高频词汇突破》（暂无作者）该书是针对考研英语二专业制作的高频词汇突破指南。
考研英语长难句精析(全)
考研英语长难句精析第一部分长难句基本句型近几年，考研英语出现了很多难句。
并且这些难句主要是长难句。
长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式：复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。
这四种方式往往可以相互结合，从而形成更长的难句。
虽然形成长难句之方法有四，但是目的却只有一个，就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯，从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。
下面分别对这四种方式一一解析。
一、复合从句在考研中，复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。
复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。
本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴，当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。
这种语法处理，并不是从语言学研究角度进行的，而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。
（一）简单复合从句简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。
套用从句，其实是最简单的长难句。
这类句子就像一根锁链，只要抓住句子的各个连接点，理出句子层次，就完全可以把握住。
在翻译定语从句时，“这（些/个）”常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。
阅读时，定语从句一般可以跳过，实在不放心可以略读。
一般情况下，考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。
并列从句大致有四种情况：并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。
也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。
其实，并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同，只不过并列从句一般较长，会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。
并列从句修饰主语，就是说并列从句作状语。
这种句子很简单。
翻译时，可以直译，把从句作定语，直接放在主语前面。
如果从句很长，可以使用复指代词。
另外，翻译从句先行词时，要注意词性的转换，比如hope/ suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。
考生要切忌拘于词性。
并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。
一般情况下，这些从句都不完整，多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。
事实上，现在分词短语和过去分词短语作状语或者定语，都可以看作是从句的一种更加灵活的表达方式。
并列从句修饰宾语。
宾语有两种，一种是单纯宾语，另一种是介宾结构中的准宾语。
考研英语法难点精析4--ratherthan,more...than,otherthan的用法
than与疑难短语一中所讲的不同疑难短语一中所讲的notmore
（1）rather than 用来表示“是。。。而不是。。。”，通常连接两个并列成分 eg:He is an artist rather than a philosopher. 他是位艺术家而不是位哲学家。
（2）sb/sth is more A than B表示“与其说sb/sth是B，不如说是A” eg:He is more an artist than a philosopher. 与其说他是位哲学家，不如说他是位艺术家。 sb/sth is not more A than B表示“与其说sb/sth是A，不如说是B” eg:He is not more an artist than a philosopher.
考研英语翻译题重难点精析
考研英语翻译题重难点精析考研英语翻译题重难点精析由于翻译局部的句型构造和阅读理解的较难句型根本类似，考试重点如出一辙，为了让大家更好的理解阅读理解真题文章，进步做题正确率，如今把考研翻译方法进展归纳总结，以便大家复习参考。
考研英语翻译难点精析(一) 被动语态翻译法1) 变为汉语的主动形式。
Eg：2) 译成具有被动意义的汉语构造。
Eg：For all the help this puter may provide, it should not be seen as a substitute for fundamental thinking and reasoning skills.尽管计算机可以提供那么多的帮助，它却不应该被看作是根本的思维和推理技巧的替代物。
Eg：3) 增添“人们”、“大家”等适当的词做汉语译文的主语。
Eg：And it is imagined by many that the operations of the mon mind can be by no means pared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training.许多人认为普通人的思维活动根本无法和科学家的思维过程想比拟，他们并认为这些思维过程必须经过某中专门训练才能掌握。
Eg：During this transfer, traditional historical methods were augmented by additional methodologies designed to interpret the new forms of evidence in the historical study.在这种转变中，历史学家研究历史时，那些解释新史料的新方法充实了传统的历史研究方法。
考研英语翻译难点精析(二)分译法英语长句子比拟多，汉语句子相对而言比拟短。
备战高考英语语法专项突破训练：专题17-强调句
专题十七强调句重难点分析高考命题导向：“It is/was…who/that…”强调句型是高考语法填空考查的重点内容之一。
此句型可强调主语、宾语、状语。
如果要强调谓语，用do/does/did+动词原形。
高考通常考查强调句与几个易混句型连词的使用和强调句的问句。
一、相关句型构成的强调句1. 陈述句的强调句型It is/was+被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/who(当强调主语且主语指人)+其他部分。
如：It was yesterday that he met Li Ping. 他是昨天遇见李平的。
2. 一般疑问句的强调句型同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。
如：Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping? 他是昨天遇见李平的吗？3. 特殊疑问句的强调句型被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/was + it + that/who + 其他部分？When and where was it that you were born? 你是何时何地出生的？4. not…until…句型的强调句A. 句型为：It is/was not until + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分普通句：He didn’t go to bed until his wife came back.强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.注意：此句型只用until，不用till。
但如果不是强调句型，till, until可通用。
5. 谓语动词的强调A. It is/was ... that ... 结构不能强调谓语，如果需要强调谓语时，用助动词do/does或did。
如：Do sit down. 务必请坐。
Do be careful when you cross the street. 过马路时，务必(千万)要小心啊！注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。
2017考研英语二必考的八个语法知识点深入解读
2017考研英语二必考的八个语法知识点深入解读考研大纲是考试命题的唯一依据，也是考生复习备考必不可少的参考工具书。
因此，在教育部公布考研英语(二)考研大纲的第一时间，·考研教研中心及时对考纲进行深入全面的解读，从而帮助考生理清考纲的要求，使得广大考生有的放矢、胸有成竹地安排好接下来的考研英语复习。
就新大纲而言，广大考生最关注的是和去年相比，有什么最新的变化，接下来复习的权重是什么。
这里首先可以给同学们吃颗定心丸，今年的考纲在考试范围、考试要求、考试形式、试卷结构上均无变化，所以同学们可以承接前一阶段的复习成效，继续按照已有计划进行学习。
当然，在这里有必要提醒广大考生一个细微的变化点，去年的考纲中只给出了2010年真题及客观题对应的正确选项，主观题翻译给出了参考译文，而写作部分未给出范文，但在今年的考纲中就每道题的考查点、作答思路给出了详细的分析，尤其是写作部分给出了高分作文的范文，这给同学们的提示是我们在复习时应明确得把握易考点，尤其是在主观题部分怎样按照考纲的要求使自己的作答接近满分的要求。
再者，很多同学都很迷惑英语一和英语二在考查要求上究竟有什么区别，下面着重在与英语一考纲要求的对比中，对考研英语二的考纲进行全方位的解读。
一、考试性质全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(二)主要是为高等院校和科研院所招收专业学位硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的统考科目。
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语(一)是为高等院校和科研院所招收硕士研究生而设置的具有选拔性质的统考科目。
即英语(一)是针对学术硕士研究生的考生，英语(二)是针对专业硕士研究生的考生。
专业硕士研究生主要包括以下19种：法律硕士、社会工作硕士、教育硕士、体育硕士、汉语国际教育硕士、翻译硕士、艺术硕士、风景园林硕士、工程硕士、建筑学硕士、农业推广硕士、兽医硕士、临床医学硕士、口腔医学硕士、公共卫生硕士、会计硕士、工商管理硕士、公共管理硕士、军事硕士。
2017 赵敏 考研英语一基础精讲长难句
细中求全，全中求稳，稳中求精，精中求胜！2017考研英语基础精讲--语法长难句主 讲：赵敏备战考研英语需要具备的三大能力Sample 1：The American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise, market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most.【译文】：美国的经济体系基本上是围绕着私企和以市场为导向一种经济体系所构成，在这个体系中，消费者们通过在市场上消费来获得他们最想要的产品和服务的方式，很大程度上决定着应当生产什么。
【难点】：①定于从句；②介词短语作状语；③宾语从句【难度级别】★★★☆Sample 2：Whorf came to believe in a sort of linguistic determinism which states that language imprisons the mind, and that the grammatical patterns in a language can produce far-reaching consequences for the culture of a society.【译文】：沃尔夫逐渐相信了一种语言决定论，这种语言决定论陈述了语言禁锢思维，并且陈述了在一个语言中的语法模式对于一个社会的文化来说能够产生深远的影响。
【难点】： ①定于从句；②宾语从句的并列使用；③介词短语状语；④介词短语定语【难度级别】★★★★Sample 3：Influenced by the view of some twentieth-century feminists that women’s position within the family is one of the central factors determining women’s social position, some historians have underestimated the significance of the woman suffrage movement.【译文】：一些历史学家们由于受到了一些二十世纪女权主义者观点的影响，该观点认为：在家庭中女士的地位是决定女士社会地位的中心因素之一，所以他们已经低估了女士选举权运动的重要性。
17考研英语句子精讲电子讲义【文都教育】(建议学员彩色打印)
何凯文长难句精讲直播课程讲义（友情提示：2月2日到6号每晚7点到9点！不要错过你与英语学习真谛的相遇！）实战四步法一.确定句子主干二.切分句子成分三.独立成句四.调整句序Notes:1.这是看上去平淡无奇的四个句子，但就是这四个句子道出了句子分析的全部；从高考到四六级，从考研到GRE，从专四到专八，从雅思到托福，从三笔到二笔；你看不懂的句子都可以从这四句话中找到解决方案！是的，这四句话只要你能识字就能读的懂，但你真的懂了这是什么意思吗？2.前三句话是在阅读和翻译考试中必须用到的三句话；第四句话在阅读中可以不用。
1.Unlike Uber,Didi’s users can select a taxi,private car,shared car,shuttle van or busto pick them up.2.In an unusually stilted performance,Sarah Palin endorsed Donald Trump forpresident.(We made polite,stilted conversation.)3.Responding to Sir Malcolm’s demand for legal safeguards for countries not in theeuro,several ministers said it would be absurd to give Britain a veto over euro-zonecountries’policies.4.Left,until now,to odd,low-level IT staff to put right,and seen as a concern only ofdata-rich industries such as banking,telecoms and air travel,information protection isnow high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.5.Basic to any understanding of Canada in the20years after the Second World War is the country’s impressive population growth.写作句型：Basic to any understanding of A is B.B is basic to any understanding of A.例句：Basic to any understanding of Chinese youngsters’choice to be the civil servants are the good salary,the stable position and the generousbenefits.6.Among the firms making the biggest splash in the new world is Straitford,Inc.,aprivate intelligence-analysis firm based in Austin,Texas.Among firms making the biggest splash in the online education market is the Wendu Education Group located in the city of Beijing.（何凯文是最佳员工）7.Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by themid-1800,this new view spread throughout in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century.8.More recently,Consumer Reports,a publication owned by a consumeradvocacy and independent testing centre in Yonkers,New York,got an eye-opener during a visit to a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)laboratory.Notes:1.主语位于句子的中部。
2021考研英语知识点：定语从句的语法精析
2021考研英语知识点：定语从句的语法精析语法是考研英语的基础，这部分在研究生英语考试中不再单独考查，但是语法知识贯穿在整个英语考卷的各个题型中。
完型填空题会直接考查语法知识;阅读理解题和英译汉中有大量的长难句，这些句子只有具备一定的语法知识才能正确分析;作文中要写出正确无误的句子，也需要语法知识。
这部分基础如果欠缺，其它的综合能力提高起来将会很慢，所以所有考生都务必重视考研语法的复习。
从句就是一个主谓结构相当于整个句子这样的句子叫复合句中的一个成分，因此从句不能单独使用。
在复合句中修饰名词或代词、作定语的句子叫定语从句。
定语从句是中国人学英语最重要的难点之一。
其实定语从句很有规律，总结如下：在关系代词中that既可指人又可指物、既可作主语又可作宾语，因此，除了在非限定性定语从句中，用that一般不会出问题。
关系副词的用法比较单一，它们从句中只起状语的作用，表示时间的就用who门，表示地点的就用where，而why只修饰一个词，即reason。
定语从句所修饰的词叫“先行词”，因为它总是处在定语从句的前头，比定语从句先行一步。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。
?关系代词：who，which，that作从句的主语whom，which，that作从句的宾语可省略whose从句中作定语以下情况只能用that，不能用which:i.先行词为不定代词all, little, none，any，every，no，much, anything, nothingii. 先行词有最高级和序数词修饰时包括: the only, the very, the same, the last, the next等iii.先行词既有人又有物的时候以下情况只能用which，不能用that;① 引导非限制性定语从句包括代表整个主句的意思时② 介词+关系代词的结构中?关系副词：when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，只修饰reason。
超全的考研英语复习资料网址
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1.17英文原版逐句精读精讲
1.17英文原版逐句精读精讲On January 17th, 1966, a pivotal event occurred that would have a profound impact on the course of human history. This event was the signing of the Outer Space Treaty, an international agreement that set the framework for the exploration and use of outer space. This treaty, which has been ratified by over 100 countries, is a testament to the foresight and vision of the nations who came together to establish the principles that would govern our activities in space.The Outer Space Treaty is a relatively short document, consisting of only 17 articles. However, each article is packed with significance and has had a lasting impact on the way we approach space exploration. In this essay, we will delve into the nuances of this historic agreement, examining each article in detail and exploring its implications for the present and future of space-faring nations.Article I of the Outer Space Treaty establishes the fundamental premise that outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, is the province of all mankind. This means that no single country can claim sovereignty over any part of outer space, and thatall nations have the right to explore and use space for peaceful purposes. This principle of the "common heritage of mankind" is a crucial foundation for international cooperation and the equitable sharing of the benefits of space exploration.Article II reinforces this notion of the non-appropriation of outer space, stating that "outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, is not subject to national appropriation by claim of sovereignty, by means of use or occupation, or by any other means." This effectively prohibits any nation from claiming ownership or exclusive rights over any part of the cosmos, ensuring that space remains open for all to explore and utilize.Article III is particularly noteworthy, as it establishes that the exploration and use of outer space must be carried out "in accordance with international law, including the Charter of the United Nations, in the interest of maintaining international peace and security and promoting international cooperation and understanding." This article underscores the importance of conducting space activities within the framework of existing international laws and norms, and highlights the need for nations to work together to ensure the peaceful and responsible use of space.Article IV is perhaps one of the most significant and far-reaching provisions of the Outer Space Treaty. This article prohibits theplacement of weapons of mass destruction in orbit or on celestial bodies, and also bans the establishment of military bases, installations, or fortifications on the moon and other celestial bodies. This provision has been instrumental in preventing the militarization of space and has helped to maintain a peaceful environment for the exploration and use of outer space.Article V of the Outer Space Treaty addresses the issue of astronaut rescue and return. It states that "States Parties to the Treaty shall regard astronauts as envoys of mankind in outer space and shall render to them all possible assistance in the event of accident, distress, or emergency landing on the territory of another State Party or on the high seas." This article has been instrumental in fostering international cooperation and ensuring the safe return of astronauts who find themselves in distress while exploring the cosmos.Article VI is particularly noteworthy, as it establishes the principle of national responsibility for space activities. This article states that "States Parties to the Treaty shall bear international responsibility for national activities in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, whether such activities are carried on by governmental agencies or by non-governmental entities, and for assuring that national activities are carried out in conformity with the provisions set forth in the present Treaty." This provision has been crucial in ensuring that nations take responsibility for the actions ofboth their governmental and non-governmental entities engaged in space activities.Article VII further reinforces the principle of international responsibility, stating that "Each State Party to the Treaty that launches or procures the launching of an object into outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, and each State Party from whose territory or facility an object is launched, is internationally liable for damage to another State Party to the Treaty or to its natural or juridical persons by such object or its component parts on the Earth, in air space or in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies." This article has been instrumental in establishing a framework for determining liability and compensation in the event of accidents or damage caused by space activities.Article VIII is particularly notable, as it establishes the principle of jurisdiction and control over space objects. This article states that "A State Party to the Treaty on whose registry an object launched into outer space is carried shall retain jurisdiction and control over such object, and over any personnel thereof, while in outer space or on a celestial body." This provision has been crucial in ensuring the safety and security of space objects and their occupants, and has also been instrumental in the development of international space law.Article IX is perhaps one of the most forward-looking provisions ofthe Outer Space Treaty, as it addresses the issue of planetary protection. This article states that "States Parties to the Treaty shall pursue studies of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, and conduct exploration of them so as to avoid their harmful contamination and also adverse changes in the environment of the Earth resulting from the introduction of extraterrestrial matter and, where necessary, shall adopt appropriate measures for this purpose." This article has been instrumental in driving the development of strict protocols and guidelines for the protection of both Earth and the extraterrestrial environments we seek to explore.Article X of the Outer Space Treaty is particularly noteworthy, as it establishes the principle of transparency and the "open skies" policy. This article states that "In order to promote international cooperation in the exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, in conformity with the purposes of this Treaty, the States Parties to the Treaty shall consider on a basis of equality any requests by other States Parties to the Treaty to be afforded an opportunity to observe the flight of space objects launched by those States." This provision has been crucial in promoting international cooperation and ensuring that all nations have access to information about space activities.Article XI is particularly significant, as it establishes the principle of informing the public about space activities. This article states that "Inorder to promote international cooperation in the peaceful exploration and use of outer space, States Parties to the Treaty conducting activities in outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, agree to inform the Secretary-General of the United Nations, as well as the public and the international scientific community, to the greatest extent feasible and practicable, of the nature, conduct, locations and results of such activities." This provision has been instrumental in promoting transparency and accountability in the space industry, and has helped to build public trust and support for space exploration.Article XII is particularly noteworthy, as it establishes the principle of free access to all areas of celestial bodies. This article states that "All stations, installations, equipment and space vehicles on the moon and other celestial bodies shall be open to representatives of other States Parties to the Treaty on a basis of reciprocity." This provision has been crucial in ensuring that all nations have equal access to the resources and opportunities presented by the exploration of space.Article XIII of the Outer Space Treaty is particularly significant, as it establishes the principle of international cooperation in the exploration and use of outer space. This article states that "The provisions of this Treaty shall apply to the activities of States Parties in the exploration and use of outer space, including the moon and other celestial bodies, whether such activities are carried on by asingle State Party or jointly with other States Parties, as well as to activities carried on by international intergovernmental organizations." This provision has been instrumental in fostering international collaboration and ensuring that the benefits of space exploration are shared among all nations.Article XIV is particularly noteworthy, as it establishes the process for amending the Outer Space Treaty. This article states that "Any State Party to the Treaty may propose amendments to this Treaty. Amendments shall enter into force for each State Party to the Treaty accepting the amendments upon their acceptance by a majority of the States Parties to the Treaty and thereafter for each remaining State Party on the date of acceptance by it." This provision has been crucial in ensuring that the Outer Space Treaty remains relevant and adaptable to changing circumstances and technological advancements.Article XV of the Outer Space Treaty is particularly significant, as it establishes the process for withdrawal from the treaty. This article states that "Any State Party to the Treaty may give notice of its withdrawal from the Treaty one year after its entry into force by written notification to the Depositary Governments." This provision has been instrumental in ensuring the stability and longevity of the Outer Space Treaty, while also providing a mechanism for nations to withdraw if they so choose.Finally, Article XVI of the Outer Space Treaty is particularly noteworthy, as it establishes the process for the registration and entry into force of the treaty. This article states that "This Treaty shall be open to all States for signature. Any State which does not sign this Treaty before its entry into force in accordance with paragraph 3 of this article may accede to it at any time." This provision has been crucial in ensuring the widespread adoption and implementation of the Outer Space Treaty, and has helped to solidify its status as a cornerstone of international space law.In conclusion, the Outer Space Treaty of 1967 is a landmark agreement that has had a profound and lasting impact on the exploration and use of outer space. Each of its 17 articles is a testament to the foresight and vision of the nations that came together to establish the principles that would govern our activities in space. From the prohibition of the placement of weapons of mass destruction in orbit to the establishment of the principle of international responsibility and cooperation, the Outer Space Treaty has been instrumental in shaping the course of space exploration and ensuring that the benefits of this endeavor are shared among all of humanity. As we continue to push the boundaries of what is possible in space, the Outer Space Treaty will remain a crucial framework for ensuring that our activities in the final frontier are conducted in a peaceful, responsible, and equitable manner.。
考研英语长难句重难点详解分析possible
考研英语长难句重难点详解分析Although it has been possible to infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufactures and servicing trades thought their customers wanted, only a study of relevant personal documents written by actual consumers will provide a precise picture of who wanted what.学一个句子。
读完句子，首先分析基本的语法知识。
it形式主语，没有实际意思，真正的主语是to infer 引导的一长串成分。
前半句读上去有些变扭，那是因为这个句子语序做了调整：infer from the goods and services actually produced what manufactures and servicing trades thought their customers wanted，正常的语序是：infer what manufactures and servicing trades thought their customers wanted from the goods and services actually produced，其中produced 是过去分词做后置定语修饰goods and services。
后半句中的written by actual consdumers 也是过去分词修饰documents。
of who wanted what。
看成是介词短语修饰picture。
although 放在句子前，主句和分句是转折关系，先看主句部分，也就是后半句：只有一份研究真实消费者的相关个人记录才能提供精确的画面（什么画面呢，就是消费者自己想要的那些东西），也就是说除了消费者自己表述出来的其他任何东西都是无法知道消费者的真实想法。
语法难点精析之用to do还是of doing作后置定语
【语法难点精析之用to do还是of doing作后置定语】不同的名词,对这两种后置定语的选择是有区别的,有的只能用to do,有的只可用of doing,有的两种都可以.现分述如下:⑴will, willingness, suggestion, conclusion, decision, permission, agreement, refusal, determination, proposal, resolution等,一般用不定式作后置定语.如:Mary has the will to win the first prize.(不用of winning)玛丽有获得一等奖的决心.He has drawn a conclusion to go abroad with his family.(不用of winning)他已作出了携家去国外的决定.⑵hope, risk, possibility, impossibility, probability, intention, prospect, responsibility, aim等,一般只能用of doing作后置定语.如:In fact, there is no hope of their winning the game.事实上,他们没有希望赢得这场比赛.(不能说for them to win)He will run the risk of losing his life to save the child.他将冒生命危险去救那个孩子.⑶way, chance, need, necessity, right, freedom, power, opportunity, ability等,既可用不定式短语,又可用of doing短语作后置定语.如:Their chance to go(of going) abroad was lost.他们失去了出国的机会.He has the right to do (of doing) that.他有权那样做.强化训练16. Jean Wagner’s most enduring contribution to the study of Afro-American poetry is his insistence that it in a religious, as well as worldly, frame of reference.A. is to be analyzedB. has been analyzedC. be analyzedD. should have been analyzed17. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I ______ fully occupied the whole of last week.A. wereB. had beenC. have beenD. was18. I apologize if I you, but I assure you it was unintentional.A. offendB. had offendedC. should have offendedD. might have offended19. If you hadn’t taken such a long time to get dressed, we’d there by now.A. beB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling20. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun ________round the earth.A. were circlingB. circlesC. is circlingD. be circling21. I wish that I ______ with you last night.A. wentB. have goneC. could goD. could have gone22. I wish I with her.A. would beB. amC. wasD. were23. I wish that I the concert last night.A. couldB. have attendedC. could have attendedD. attended24. The picture exhibition bored me to death. I wish I to it.A. had not goneB. have not goneC. did not goD. can not have gone25. “I wish you me to put these things away,” he said.A. will helpB. helpC. are helpingD. would help26. If the Watergate Incident Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.A. did not occurB. had not occurredC. was not occurringD. be circling27. I hadn’t expected James to apologize but I had hoped .A. him calling meB. that he would call meC. him to call meD. that he call me28. George would certainly have attended the proceedings .A. if he didn’t get a flat tireB. if the flat tire hadn’t happenedC. had he not had a flat tireD. had the tire not flattened itself29. The teacher suggested that her students experiences with ESP.A. write a composition on theirB. to write composition about theC. wrote some compositions of his or herD. had written any compositions for his30. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he ______a Chinese.A. wereB. had beenC. isD. has been31. As usual, he put on a show as though his trip a great success.A. had beenB. has beenC. wereD. was32. Looking round the town, he felt as though he away for ages.A. has beenB. wasC. isD. had been33. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he as elephant.A. liftsB. is liftingC. liftedD. could lift34. He described the town as if he it himself.A. had seenB. has seenC. sawD. sees35. At that thought he shook himself, as though he from an evil dream.A. wokeB. wakesC. would wakeD. had woke36. Most insurance agents would rather you anything about collecting claims untilthey investigate the situation.A. doB. don’tC. didn’tD. didn’t do37. Although most adopted persons want the right to know who their natural parents are, some who have found them wish that they the experience of meeting.A. hadn’tB. didn’t have hadC. hadn’t hadD. hadn’t have38. It is important that the TOEFL office your registration.A. will confirmB. confirmC. confirmsD. must confirm39. Without electro nic computers, much of today’s advanced technology .A. will not have been achievedB. have not been achievedC. would not have been achievedD. had not been achieved40. He told her to return the book in time so that others a chance to read it .A. may haveB. will haveC. would haveD. might have41. It is time that the government measures to protect the rare birds and animals.A. takesB. tookC. has takenD. taking42. Some people are too particular about school records, insisting that every applicant ______all diplomas from elementary school to university.A. hasB. will haveC. should haveD. must have43. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he to the meeting.A. would comeB. cameC. would have comeD. had come44. I must say he reads ver y well, and I shouldn’t be surprised if he acting for a living one day.A. had taken upB. takes upC. have taken upD. would have taken up45. If I had seen the movie, I you all about it now.A. would tellB. will tellC. have toldD. would have told46. I hadn’t expected Henry to apologize but I had hoped .A. him t call me upB. him calling me upC. that he would call me upD. that he will call me47. I had hoped that John ______a year in Africa, but he stayed there only for three months.A. spendsB. spentC. would spendD. will spend48. I had hoped that Jennifer a doctor, but she wasn’t good enough at science.A. will becomeB. becameC. would becomeD. becomes49. I’d rather you anything about it for the time being.A. doB. didn’t doC. don’tD. didn’t50. I’d just as soon_______ rudely to her.A. that you won’t speakB. you not speakingC. you not speakD. you didn’t speak51. It’s high time they this road.A. mendB. mendedC. must have mendedD. will mend52. It’s about time peopl e______ notice of what women did during the war.A. takeB. tookC. have takenD. will take53. Everybody has arrived. It’s time we the class.A. shall startB. would startC. had startedD. start54. the English examination I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.A. In spite ofB. But forC. Because ofD. As for55. Mary my letter; otherwise she would have replied before now.A. has receivedB. ought to have receivedC. couldn’t have receivedD. shouldn’t have received56. John did not feel well yesterday; otherwise he _______to see his classmates off.A. cameB. would comeC. would have comeD. should be coming57. He’s working hard for fear that he .A. should fall behindB. fell behindC. may fall behindD. would fall behind58. Without the dreams of the youth, this invention might for a century.A. have been postponedB. has been postponedC. postponeD. be postponed59. In the past men generally preferred that their wives______ in the home.A. workedB. would workC. workD. were working60. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires that the childpsychologically ready for the new idea.A. isB. wereC. beD. would be61. Tom’s father, as well as his mother, in New York for a few days more.A. ask him to stayB. ask he to stayC. asks he staysD. asks he stay62. Your advice that______ till next week is reasonable.A. she waitsB. she waitC. wait sheD. she waited63. The board deemed it urgent that these files right away.A. had to be printedB. should have been printedC. must be printedD. should be printed64. It was essential that we lease before the end of the month.A. singB. singedC. had signedD. were signing65. It is appropriate that some time ______thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission.A. devotes toB. devoted toC. is devoted toD. be devoted to答案与详解1．A．条件句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟。
考研英语语法重难点精解动名词
动名词是⼀种⾮谓语动词，它的形式与现在分词相同，具有名词和动词的某些特征，它可以带宾语、状语等构成动名词短语，在句中不能单独做谓语。
⼀、动名词的时态（Tense） 以动词do为例： 主动被动⼀般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 从上述表格可以看出，动名词和现在分词的时态完全相同，⽽⾮谓语动词之间的区别主要是⽤法上的区别。
动名词和现在分词形式相同，⽤法却⼤相径庭，动名词⼀般式表⽰的动作通常与谓语动词的动作⼏乎同时发⽣，⽽动名词的完成式则表⽰动作在谓语动词的动作之前已发⽣。
例句： Mr. Jankin regretted blaming his secretary for the mistake， for he later discovered it was his own fault.（regretted与blaming所表⽰动作⼏乎同时发⽣） 分析：该句是复合句。
动名词blaming在句中作宾语，it was his own fault是discovered的宾语从句。
译⽂：坚⾦先⽣后悔责怪秘书了，因为他后来发现是⾃⼰的过错。
例句： ——Did you find out who had stolen my watch? ——That child didn t admit having done that.（having done所表⽰动作在动词admit 前已经发⽣） 分析：前⼀分句是⼀复合句，who had stolen my watch作find out的宾语，后⼀分句是⼀简单句。
译⽂： ——你查出是谁把我的⼿表盗⾛了吗？ ——那个孩⼦不承认是他⼲的。
例句： I appreciated having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.(having been given所表⽰动作在谓语动词appreciated之前已发⽣) 分析：该句是简单句。
英语语法定语从句难点剖析
英语语法定语从句难点剖析【语法难点精析之被分隔的定语从句】定语从句一般紧接被它所修饰的先行词；但有时候它和先行词之间有可能插入其他成分，使它与先行词分隔开来，这种定语从句叫作被分隔的定语从句，在阅读文章时会经常遇到这种情况，在阅读是要注意识别先行词的修饰对象。
一般说来，定语从句被分割开来大致有以下三种：①在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个状语。
如：There are many thousands of stars in the sky that are like the sun.在太空中有成千上万的象太阳般的星星。
乍一看，that引导的定语从句在名词sky的后面，似乎应该是修饰sky的。
但仔细一想，”不对啊，天空怎么能象太阳呢？“，原来that引导的定语从句被in the sky这个地点状语分隔开来，修饰中心词stars。
②在先行词与定语从句之间插入一个定语。
如：Do you remember one afternoon ten years ago when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace?你还记得吗，十年前的一天下午，我来到你家，找你借了一条钻石项链？when I came to your house and borrowed a diamond necklace实际上是修饰afternoon而不是修饰 years。
ten years ago 实际上是定语后置修饰afternoon。
③先行词与定语从句被谓语分隔开来。
此时，先行词通常是句子的主语，因定语从句较长，主句谓语较短，为使句子平衡，常将定语从句移至谓语之后如：A new master will come tomorrow who will teach you German.明天，新（男）老师将来较你德语。
【语法难点精析之besides,but,except,exept for,excepting,apart from的区别】（１） besides与except前者表示＂除．．．以外，还有．．．＂；后者表示＂从整体中除去．．．＂这个大家都知道，就不举例子了．（２）except与except fora．除去的和非除去的是同类事物，用excepteg：All the essays are well written except Nelson's.Nelson的文章（除去的）和All the essays（非除去的）是同类事物，所以用except．b．除去的和非除去的不是同类事物，用except for，并且从语气上通常表示遗憾．eg：His essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.a few spelling mistakes(除去的）和His essay（非除去的）是不同类的事物．（３）apart from 具有多重意义：既可表示besides，也可以表示exept或exept for，还可以表示without的意思eg：Apart from the cost,it will take a lot of time.(=besides)The orphan had no one to take care of him apart from his uncle.(=except)He has done good work,apart from a few slight faults.(=except for)There can be no knowledge apart from practice.实践出真知．（＝without）（４）excepting =except,但一般用于句首或用于not，without，always等词之后eg:Excepting his brother,they are all right.Everyone,not excepting myself,must share the blame.All of us,without excepting those who know more about the subject,should study. All my brothers com here every day,always excepting the youngest.（５）but与except同义，但but多用在every，any，no等和由这些词构成的复合词如everything，anywhere，nobody等词以后及all，none之后eg：The children go to school everyday but Sunday.They are all gone but me.You can get the book anywhere but here.There is no one but me.Who but George would do such a thing?【语法难点之too...to 结构表示肯定含义的情况】（连载中）【too...to 结构表示肯定含义的情况】我们知道too...to结构一般表示否定含义,意为"太...以致于不能"eg:He is too old to work.但too...to在下列情况下却表示肯定含义:⑴当too前或to前有否定词构成双重否定时.eg:English is not too difficult to learn.英语并不太难学.He is too wise not to see that.他很聪明,不会不懂这一点.⑵当too后是glad,pleased,happy,delighted,satisfied,ready,willing,kind,apt,good,true,easy,near, careful,well,early,delicious,eager,anxious等形容词或副词时.eg:They are too anxious to leave.他们急于离开.He is too ready to help others.他总是乐于助人.与这些词连用时,too前还常加上only,all,but,just,simply等副词,意思不变,因为这些词加上too后与very同义.eg:I'm only too glad to see you .见到你非常高兴.They are but too pleased to hear the news.他们听到这个消息,非常高兴.⑶与cannot连用时.eg:You cannot be too careful(=You can never be careful enough) to do your homework. 你做作业越仔细越好(=无论怎样仔细也不过分).⑷当不定式在句中作定语或真正的主语时.eg:There are too many problems to be solved.有很多问题有待解决.It is too much to say that he is a fool.【语法难点精析之every表示”每隔“的用法】⑴"every other+单数名词”意思是“每隔一。
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目录考研英语试题语法难点精析(17) (1)语法难点精析之一：虚拟语气 (1)语法难点精析之二：非谓语动词 (13)语法难点精析之三：被分隔的定语从句 (25)语法难点精析之四：besides,but,except,exept for,excepting,apart from的区别 (25)语法难点精析之五：含义因有无冠词而迥异的短语 (26)语法难点精析之六：用to do还是of doing作后置定语 (28)语法难点精析之七：与-ly副词同义的介词短语 (28)语法难点精析之八：以f(e)结尾名词的复数形式 (29)语法难点精析之九：需要用名词复数的短语 (31)语法难点精析之十：集体名词的类与群 (31)语法难点精析之十一：名词作定语的情况 (33)语法难点精析之十二：no more(...)than与not more(...)than 的用法 (35)语法难点精析之十三：rather than,more...than,other than的用法 (35)语法难点精析之十四：alive、live、living和lively的用法 (36)语法难点精析之十六：too...to 结构表示肯定含义的情况 (37)语法难点精析之十七：every表示”每隔“的用法 (38)考研英语试题语法难点精析(17)出处：,搜狐教育编辑：拓荒者语法难点精析之一：虚拟语气虚拟语气的重点是：1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。
2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、的建议、的命令、的提议、的意愿等的主语从句、的宾语从句、的表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。
3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、的事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。
4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。
上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、的虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。
下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。
一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型(1) 由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be动词用were）。
B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。
C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。
The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”I wish that he weren’t so lazy.(2) had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
His father had hoped that his son would go to business with him, but his son became an artist later.(3) would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。
例如：I’d rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。
I would prefer he didn’t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿可得太久。
I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。
(4) It’s (high, about) time that 句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。
It’s time that something was done about the traffic problem downtown.It is high time that we put an end to this discussion.现在是我们该结束讲座的时候了。
(5)as, 或者whether…or…谓语多用be的原形，引导让步虚拟从句，这种用法通常采用倒装结构：Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, be they Christian, Islamivc, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.The business of each day, be it selling goods or shipping them, went quite smoothly.(6)由连接词in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might, would)+动词原形，例如：She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那个婴儿身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。
The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself.(7) if it were not for…与现在事实相反，if it had not been for与过去事实相反，两个都相当于but for：If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded.(8) 虚拟语气用于as if（though）引起的方式状语从句和表语从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。
例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。
They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是我年的老朋友一样。
She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。
(9)其它各种句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only等等If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.二、特殊形式的虚拟语气虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、的建议、的命令、的提议、的意愿等的主语从句、的宾语从句、的表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，其虚拟语气的构成往往是由should(可省略)+动词原形that从句。
A、的用于表示意愿、的建议、的命令、的提议、的请求等动词后的that宾语从句中，这类动词有：ask要求advise建议arrange安排beg请求command命令decide决定demand要求desire渴望determine决定insist坚持intend打算maintain坚持主张move建议，动员propose提议object反对order命令prefer建议require 需要request要求resolve下决心recommend推荐suggest建议stipulate约定，规定urge强调，促进vote公认，提议decree颁布（法令）pray请求注意：这类动词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以接doing或者to do…来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。
She advised that we should keep the gate locked.（书面体）She advised us to keep the gate locked.（口语）She advised keeping the gate locked.(较随便)B、的用于It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，这类形容词或分词有：advisable合理的decided决定的crucial关键的appropriate恰当的determined决定的commanded命令的arranged安排的essential紧要的complied遵照anxious焦急的imperative迫切的important重要的desirable合意的better较好的insistent坚持的desired想要asked请求keen渴望的incredible难以置信的adamant坚定不移的natural自然的insisted坚持necessary必要的suggested建议urgent紧迫的ordered命令shocked震惊的vital极其重要的possible可能的strange 奇怪的preferable （好一点）proposed提议requested要求的required要求的recommended推荐resolved决定的probable（可能的）pity可惜，憾事shame遗憾注意：这类形容词后面除了可接that虚拟句以外，也可以for…to do…来表达，一般情况下，意思没有什么差别。
It is essential that he should be prepared for this.It is essential for him to be prepared for this.C．用于由表示建议、的要求、的命令、的请示等含义的名词引导的表语从句和同位语从句中，这类名词常见的有：advice忠告decision决定demand要求desire要求、的愿望insistence坚持motion提议necessity必要性order命令preference偏爱proposal提议pray恳求recommendation推荐request要求requirement要求resolution决心suggestion劝告、的忠告例如：This is their resolution that extra-curriculum activities be made part of their school life.这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。