(完整版)机电专业英语

一．单词翻译(英译汉，汉译英共20分）

compound pulley 组合滑轮

screw 螺丝

worm gear 涡轮

clearance fit 间隙配合

transition fit 过渡配合

interference fit 过盈配合

ground teeth 精密齿

gear reductions 齿轮减速比aluminum 铝

brass 黄铜

bronze 青铜

cast iron 铸铁

carbon 碳钢

alloy steel 合金钢

hardened steel 硬化钢

stainless steel 不锈钢

plastic materials 塑料材料

gear teeth 齿轮

straight-toothed 直齿轮

rack and pinion 齿条和齿轮

straight bevel gears 直齿锥齿轮spiral bevel gears 弧齿锥齿轮friction 摩擦

lubrication 润滑

lubricant 润滑剂

full fluid film lubrication 全液态薄膜润滑

boundary lubrication 边界润滑elastrohydrodynamic lubrication 流体弹性动力润滑

proton 质子

neutron 中子

parallel circuit 并联电路

series circuit 串联电路

electron 电子

inductor 电感

capacitor 电容

conductor 导体

semiconductor 半导体

metal-oxide-semiconductor 金属氧化物半导体

integrated circuit 集成电路integrated circuit chip 集成电路芯片

dopant 掺杂剂

mask 掩膜

doping 掺杂

photoresist 感光胶

etch 蚀刻法

dielectric 非传导性（电介质）rung 梯级

branch 分支

instructions 指令

power rails 母线

quantity 数量

parameter 参数

ladder diagram 梯形逻辑图

ON-delay timer 通电延时定时器OFF-delay timer 断电延时定时器retentive timer 保持定时器proximity timer 接近开关electromechanical control 机电控制mobile robots 可移动机器人manipulator robots 操作机器人

self reconfigurable robots 自变形（重装）机器人

Analog-to-Digital Converter A/D模数转换器

Digital-to-Analog Converter D/A模数转换器

ASIC(Application Specific Integrated Circuit)专用采集电路

Laplace transform 拉普拉斯变换

Z-transform Z变换

valve 阀

pump 泵

motor 发动机

cavitation 气穴

hydraulic 液压的

equilibrium position 平衡位置vibration(oscillation) 振动transducer 饱和电抗器,传感器，变频器

reservoir 油箱

pump with electric motor 电力马达泵unloader and safety relief valve 减荷

器和安全卸压阀

check valve 止回阀

accumulator 蓄电池

valve manifold 阀箱

electronic control card 电子控制插件cylinder 汽缸

hydraulic motor 液压发动机return line filter 回油阀

derivative 导数

displacement 位移

velocity 速度

acceleration 加速度

peak amplitude 振幅峰值

digital signal processing 数字信号处理

二、汉译英（20分）

1.滑轮相比机器的缺点是使用刚性物体来传递力，滑动和伸展拉紧。

The disadvantages of pulleys, in contrast to machines that use rigid objects to transfer force,are slipping and stretching.

2.齿轮是通过相继啮合齿方式传递运动机械元件。

Gears are machine elements that transmit motion by means of successively engaging teeth.

3.简单的并联电路，所有部件连接电相同的两组之间的共同点,创建电子从电池的一端流到其他多个路径。

With simple parallel circuits, all components are connected between the same two sets of electrically common points，creating multiple paths for electrons to flow from one end of the battery to the other.

4.在其最简单的形式中，振动可以被认为是振荡或物体围绕平衡位置的重复运动。

In its simplest form, vibration can be considered to be the oscillation or repetitive motion of an object around an equilibrium position.

三、英译汉（50分，5道）

plex machines are made up of moving parts such as inclined planes,levers,gears,cams,cranks, Springs,belts,and wheels.

复杂的机器是由运动部件组成，如倾斜面，杠杆，齿轮，凸轮，曲柄，弹簧，皮带和轮子。

2.An inclined plane decreases the force required to raise an object a given height by increasing the distance over which a force must be applied.

倾斜面通过增加在其上的力必须施加的距离，来减少提高物体的给定高度时所需的力。

3.Both the inclined plane and levers could lower the force required for a task at the price of having to apply that force over a longer distance.

倾斜面和杠杠都可以应用更长距离上的力来降低完成一个任务所需的力。

4.Pulleys can be used to simply change the direction of an applied force or to provide a force/distance tradeoff in addition to a directional change.

滑轮可被用于简单地改变作用力的方向，或除了改变方向外还提供一个力和距离的权衡。5.There are a number of different standard gear types. Examples include spur gears, change gears, cluster gears, helical gears, herringbone gears, straight bevel or spiral bevel gears, worm gears, and so on and so forth.

有许多不同的标准齿轮的类型。实例包括正齿轮，变速齿轮，簇齿轮组，斜齿轮，人字齿轮，直齿锥或螺旋锥齿轮，蜗轮，依此类推等等。

6.A cam mechanism usually consists of two moving elements, the cam and the follower. 一凸轮机构，通常包括两个运动元件，该凸轮和从动件。

7.We can classify cam mechanisms by the modes of input/output motion, the configuration and arrangement of the follower, and the shape of the cam.

我们可以通过输入/输出运动，配置和从动的布置，和凸轮的形状的模式分类凸轮机构。