新托福写作需恰当用词
托福写作形容词类好词妙句汇总分享
托福写作形容词类好词妙句汇总分享想要在托福写作的词汇运用这一项上展现实力，考生需要做的不仅是提升写作词汇量的积累，今天给大家带来了托福写作高分词汇实例赏析,希望能够帮助到大家，一起来学习吧。
托福写作高分词汇实例赏析形容词类好词妙句汇总分享托福写作高分词汇实例赏析：形容词类effective 有效的、实际的Taking part in competitive sports events is an effective method of becoming a well-balanced person.enhanced 加强的、提高的It has been essential for everyone to combine his/her efforts for an enhanced standard of living.essential 必须的、必要的There is no denying that one essential condition in achieving personal happiness is to make others happy.excessive 过量的、多余的In recent years, the policy of “reducing the students’ load” has been implemented by the Chinese government, with the purpose of freeing children from excessive school pressure.extensive 广泛的、大量的Everyone has his/her own field of expertise, and therefore if scholars are talking about their professions, they are bound to have extensive knowledge on the subject.far-reaching 深远的、意义重大的No matter whether the business finally succeeds or not, such experience will bring about far-reaching benefits to a person’s life.fast-paced 快速的、快节奏的The fast-paced living style has reduced the frequency with which people have a face-to-face conversation.fatal 致命的、严重的There have been many news reports about nuclear power stations polluting water and air as well as causing a large amount of fatal illness.favorable 有利的、赞许的Assessing the land potential and searching for alternatives for land use are favorable options for the government.fierce 激烈的、剧烈的When young people join in the fierce competition of the job market, making a careful decision is meaningful to their professional life.formidable 巨大的、艰难的It is difficult for people to visualize the formidable pains that athletes have endured in their daily training.fruitful 有成效的、有益的Covering diversified areas of knowledge and mastering extensive skills will benefit those who dream of a fruitful future.fundamental 根本的、基础的The fundamental qualities, such as being obedient, grateful, and responsible, have been well preserved and passed down through the years.heatedly-discussed 激烈讨论的、热点的A heatedly-discussed proposal has been brought to attention recently regarding the feasibility of paying teachers according to how well their students perform.highly-competitive 竞争激烈的The highly-competitive job market and overwhelming life pressure urges many college graduates to give up their passion and choose to work in another field.increasing 越来越多的、渐增的With the increasing popularity of different poker games among adults, we could easily sense their effectiveness in helping people relax.immense 巨大的、无限的The emotional gratification most people receive from their pets is immense.imperative 必要的、至关重要的A good leader is imperative to one’s success ful career.indispensable 必要的、不可或缺的The advertising industry has established itself as an indispensable power that values commercial prosperity.inescapable 不可避免的、责无旁贷的It is the inescapable responsibility of the government to raise funds and offer financial assistance to the poor.inevitable 必然的、不可避免的It is inevitable that each individual will have his/her own perspective and points of view; however, people with different views could also succeed as a team.innumerable 大量的、无数的Citizens have the opportunity to educate themselves with innumerable new sources at their disposal.invaluable 宝贵的、无价的The inner peace and balance that I enjoy from the company with my family members are invaluable to me.keen 敏锐的、渴望的Allowing students to make personal comments on a certain topic trains them to think with keen observation and objective insight.main/major 主要的、重要的A series of complicated social elements are the main/major obstacles that force job hunters or employees to give up the ideal of a life-long position.multifaceted 多样的、多面的Experts are talented individuals who have assimilated multifaceted knowledge from many areas, and are able to apply it with ease.preferable 更好的、更可取的Learning in a regular classroom is greatly preferable to learning in a virtual classroom.primary 主要的、首要的The primary purpose of most games is to make people feel happy and relaxed.proficient 熟练的、精通的I am more proficient in using machines than I am doing the same work by hand, and machines are faster and more efficient.profound 深远的、重要的Technological innovations have brought about profound changes to the political, economic, and cultural arenas of a nation.remarkable 重要的、引人注目的The concepts and ideas, created by wise men in ancient times, have r emarkable impacts on one’s character-shaping and problem-solving.significant 重大的、有效的Learning a new language shows a significant increase in an individual’s memory capacity.slim 微小的、极少的With the improvement of multilateral relations among different nations, the chances of another world war have become slimmer than ever.unprecedented 空前的、无前例的。
托福综合写作话题词汇
托福综合写作话题词汇1. 观点 (Opinion)2. 讨论 (Discussion)3. 问题 (Issue)4. 研究 (Research)5. 调查 (Survey)6. 实践 (Practice)7. 理论 (Theory)8. 现象 (Phenomenon)9. 方法 (Method)10. 结论 (Conclusion)11. 规则 (Rule)12. 解决方案 (Solution)13. 影响 (Impact)14. 原因 (Reason)15. 优点 (Advantage)16. 缺点 (Disadvantage)17. 主题 (Theme)18. 趋势 (Trend)19. 社会问题 (Social issue)20. 科技发展 (Technological development)21. 经济增长 (Economic growth)22. 文化差异 (Cultural differences)23. 教育问题 (Educational issues)24. 健康问题 (Health issues)25. 环境保护 (Environmental protection)26. 交通拥堵 (Traffic congestion)27. 全球化 (Globalization)28. 广告行业 (Advertising industry)29. 政府政策 (Government policies)30. 社交媒体 (Social media)31. 女性权益 (Women's rights)32. 科学发现 (Scientific discoveries)33. 文化遗产 (Cultural heritage)34. 青少年问题 (Teenage problems)35. 高效能学习 (Efficient learning)36. 污染问题 (Pollution issues)37. 能源危机 (Energy crisis)38. 食品安全 (Food safety)39. 水资源短缺 (Water scarcity)40. 全球变暖 (Global warming)。
(完整版)托福写作必备高分词汇常用短语汇总
托福写作必备高分词汇| 常用短语汇总Education作业 ( 注意它是可数名词，与homework不一样) n. assignment选修课n. elective学分n. credit青少年n. adolescent ;青春期的adj. adolescent青少年children and youth教课法teaching/ pedagogical methodology适应adapt to sth./ adjust oneself to sth./ become accustomed to sth.适应能力n. adaptability应用v. apply把学生疏开教育segregate students团队精神team spirit独立思虑think independently在理解的基础上学习learn things through understanding学生的反应students ’ feedback学生评论老师的教课students appraise/ evaluate their teachers’ performance 通才n. generalist专才n. specialist全面发展的adj. well-rounded为社会健康发展做贡献contribute to societal well-being (or welfare)人文学科n. humanities社会科学social sciences艺术n. arts文科总称n. liberal studies/ arts理科n. sciences工科n. engineering基础科学basic sciences应用科学applied sciences学科 ( 通称 ); 纪律n. discipline管教vt. discipline自制力n. self-discipline小( 中、大 ) 学教育 primary-level (or secondary-level/ tertiary-level ) education 职业教育vocational education/ training互动vt. interact学校给学生的教育n. schooling学校供给的课程总称n. curriculum ( pl. curricula)心理的adj. psychological参加n. participation≈ involvement扰乱n. distraction记忆vt. memorize获得vt. acquire以教师为中心的adj. teacher-centered以学生为中心的adj. student- centered熟掌握⋯⋯ be proficient in榜role model同人n. peer孩子或许其余弱者度保adj. overprotective力n. motivation沮n. frustration家小孩的教育n. parenting用批评的目光去看的能力critical thinking abilities ( 某方面的 ) 意n. awareness (of)有造力的adj. creative / original⋯⋯特别熟习adj. well-acquainted (with)表优异perform well⋯⋯打好基lay a solid foundation for自尊n. self-esteem尊n. dignity估n. evaluation⋯⋯特别好的掌握n. mastery好奇心 n. curiosity精英n. elite教育test-oriented education富于想象力的imaginative沉浸于⋯⋯ indulge in⋯发人沉思的adj. thought- provoking无知的adj. ignorant文盲 ( 的) n.&adj. illiterate学龄前小孩或许上学前班的小孩n. preschooler对文字技术的掌握对数学知识的掌握误入歧路go astray n. literacy n. numeracy给人新鲜感的adj. refreshing令人振奋的adj. uplifting给人动力的adj. motivating单亲家庭n. single-parent family未成年人n. minors宠爱vt. spoil青少年犯法juvenile delinquency/ youth crime欺凌 ( 当名词是“喜爱欺凌人的孩子”的意思) vt.& n. bully逃学n. truancy很有启示的adj. enlightening成型的阶段formative years植物学n. botany天文学n. astronomy培育v. cultivate/ foster/ nurture促使学生身心发展promote the student’s physical/ mental (or intellectual) andemotional development心理健康psychological soundness/ well-being/ welfare给学生以动力give the students motivation to do sth./ motivate the students todo sth.教授知识impart/ inculcate knowledge灌注崇高的道德观instill high moral values给学生以灵感give the students inspiration学生对老师所教知识的掌握students ’ grasp (or command) of what has beentaught就业技术employable ( or marketable) skills填鸭式教法教课生force-feed the students学生不该当不过被动接受知识的容器。
托福综合写作必备词汇
[rəʊm]
罗马
87. clay
[kleɪ]
n. 粘土；泥土
42. Roman Empire
罗马帝国
88. jar
[dʒɑːr]
n. 罐；广口瓶
43. navy
[ˈneɪvi]
n. 海军
89. ritual
[ˈrɪtʃuəl]
n. 仪式；惯例
44 resemble
[rɪˈzembl] v. 类似，像
26. circulation [ˌsɜːrkjəˈleɪʃn] n. 传播，流传 72. parabola [pəˈræ bələ] n. 抛物线
27. documentation
[ˌdɑːkjumenˈteɪʃn] n.证明文件,文件记载
73. flame
fleɪm]
n. 火焰；热情
28. memoir
[niːʃ,nɪtʃ]
n. 壁龛,环境
[ɪ'læ bərət] adj.精心制作的 v.详细描述 150 airborne
[ˈerbɔːrn]
adj. 空运的,空气传播的
[ˈskʌlptʃər] n. /v.雕塑；雕刻 151 lineage
[ˈlɪniɪdʒ]
n. 血统
[bʌst]
n.半身像
152 infect
143 arthropod [ˈɑːrθrəpɑːd] adj./n.节肢动物(的)
[skrɪpt]
n. 脚本；手迹 144 reptile
[ˈreptaɪl]
adj./n. 爬行动物(的)
[tɑːr] [pɪt]
沥青坑
145 amphibian [æmˈfɪbiən] adj./n.两栖动物(的)
托福写作词组
Unit 8 Economy & Business1. a defective product2. a job description3.an increase in population4.be in great demand5.be on the market6.be self-employed/one’s own boss7.be unwilling to-V8.be willing to-V9.boost the economy10.boss someone around11.build one’s career12.call in late13.call in sick14.cannot afford to-V15.charge higher prices16.climb the corporate ladderpensate forplain in writing/person19.develop interpersonal skills20.discourage productivity21.earn money22.encourage competition23.enter the workforce24.feel a sense of accomplishment25.find employment26.get a promotion27.get a refund on28.get paid by the hour/day/week29.go bankrupt30.have a market share of31.have a positive attitude towards32.in the line of duty33.invest on34.keep a good work environment35.leave one’s job36.lower the interest rate37.make a budget for38.make a complaint about39.make a living40.make a profit41.make ends meet42.make up a loss43.meet the qualifications 次品职位描述人口增长需求旺盛出售，上市自主经营不愿…愿意…促进经济发展指使某人建立事业因迟到打电话请假打电话请病假无法负担…索价较高升职赔偿写信/亲自投诉培养处理人际关系的技能生产力下降挣钱鼓励竞争就业有成就感找到工作得到提升获得…的退款按小时/天/周取得报酬破产拥有…的市场占有率对…持积极态度在履行职责时投资于保持一个良好的工作环境辞职降低利率为…做预算对…投诉谋生获利收支平衡弥补损失合格44.minimize one’s cost of living45.obtain an entry-level position46.overcome an economic recession47.pay back a loan48.pay taxes49.raise the prestige of50.retire from one’s job51.return corporate profits to society52.seek a career in53.split the cost of54.start(up) a business55.submit one’s resume56.transfer someone to another department57.understand the market principle58.urge someone to-V59.work part-time60.work overtimeUnit 9 Living & Thinking1.adapt to a situation2.after careful thought3. a rite of passage4.as a token of5.assume responsibility6.be beneficial to7.be confident in8.be critical of9.be flexible in10.be responsible for11.behave in a different way12.break a bad habit13.do something as a routine14.endure hardship15.get into trouble16.get stressed out17.go on a shopping spree18.harm a friendship19.have a workout20.have common sense21.have a sense of humor22.have a sociable character23.have an optimistic/a pessimisticattitude24.have nothing/much/little to do with 将生活费降到最低获得最底层职位克服经济衰退偿还贷款缴税提高声望退休将企业赢利回报给社会找…领域的工作平均分摊费用开始一项业务递交简历将某人调任到另一个部门了解市场原则督促/极力主张某人兼职加班适应形势认真考虑后成人仪式作为…的征兆承担责任对…有益对…有信心对…持批判态度灵活的对…负责以不同的方式表现改掉坏习惯按常规做某事承受磨难惹上麻烦压力过大疯狂购物伤害友谊锻炼有常识有幽默感喜欢社交持乐观/悲观态度没有/有很大/没多大关系25.have regrets about26.have a taste in/for27.have trust in28.hone a skill29.increase one’s quality of life30.judge someone/something bysomething31.keep a secret32.live by a rule33.live one’s own life34.look up down on35.look up to36.make a careful decision37.make a good/bad impression on38.make a mistake/an error39.move to a new place40.plan ahead41.provide good nutrition for42.put up with43.reach a turning point44.relieve one’s stress45.save money for a rainy day46.set a goal47.set one’s priorities48.slow down49.stay out of trouble50.stay up late51.suffer sleep deprivation52.take the risk of53.take action54.take advantage of55.take a rest56.take medicine57.take one’s side58.take one’s time59.take the initiative to-V60.tell the truthUnit 10 Culture & Leisure1.a copycat crime2.a couch potato3.a cultural legacy4.a guided tour5.adopt a custom from another country 对…感到遗憾有品味相信磨炼技巧提高某人的生活质量根据某事物判断某人/某事保守秘密按规律生活过某人自己的生活轻视，瞧不起尊敬谨慎地作决定给…留下好/坏印象犯错误搬到新地方提前计划为…提供良好的营养忍受到达转折点减轻压力存钱以备不时之需设定目标设定优先级放慢速度远离麻烦熬夜失眠冒…的险采取行动利用休息一下吃药支持某人从容不迫带头说实话模仿犯罪整天坐着看电视的人文化遗产有导游陪同的旅游接纳另外一个国家的风俗6.affect one’s behavior7.appreciate art8.attend a live performance9.be attracted to10.be in vogue11.be on exhibit12.be one’s opponent in13.become an idol to teenagers14.carry on an activity15.celebrate a festival16.celebrate a national holiday17.develop a culture18.develop a research center19.dress in a traditional costume20.dress in the costume of21.during recess22.engage in a cultural activity23.enjoy outdoor activities24.exercise one’s imaginative power25.experience jet lag26.follow a local custom27.follow a rule28.get motion sickness29.give a ride to someone30.give/express an opinion31.hand down a tradition32.have a knack for33.have an effect on34.have leisure35.have one’s spare time36.have the opportunity to-V37.hold/throw a party38.keep a first aid kit39.lead public opinion40.make a bonfire41.make/shoot a film about42.make a reservation43.make history44.model oneself on someone45.play a musical instrument46.recharge one’s batteries47.recommend someone to-V48.replace something with something49.respect cultural differences 影响某人的行为欣赏/鉴赏艺术去现场看演出被…吸引，沉迷于…流行，时髦展览在…方面是某人的对手成为青少年的偶像开展活动庆祝节日庆祝法定假日发展文化建立研究中心穿传统服装穿…衣服休息期间参加/从事文化活动享受户外活动发挥某人的想象力经历时差遵循当地的风俗遵守规则有运动病（指晕车，晕船，晕机等）让某人搭载表达观点传承传统有…技能对…有影响有空有空闲时间有机会…举办聚会备有急救箱引导公众舆论点燃篝火拍…电影预订创造历史以某人做榜样演奏乐器充电建议某人…以…代替…尊重文化差异50.save face51.show creativity52.speak a different language from53.subscribe to a newspaper/magazine54.take a break from one’s routine55.travel abroadUnit 11 Health & Environment1.a dense population2.adapt to the environment3.an endangered animal4.be allergic to5.be good for mental health6.be in good health7.be infected with a virus8.be short of9.car exhaust10.care for the handicapped11.cause an abnormal climate12.cause damage to the environmente down with14.conduct medical research15.consume energy16.consume natural resources17.conserve the environment18.cure someone of a disease19.desperate food shortage20.develop medical technology21.Do daily exercise22.Dump factory wastecate the public24.Environmental pollution25.Get a physical checkup26.Get over an illness27.Healthy eating habits28.High in calories29.In critical condition30.In one’s natural state31.Keep a well-balanced diet32.Life expectancy33.Lower one’s blood pressure34.Lower one’s stress level35.Manage medical facilities36.Non renewable resources 保全面子表现创造力说与……不同的语言订阅报纸/杂志从日常事务中得到片刻休息出国旅游密集的人口适应环境濒危动物对……过敏有益于心理健康身体健康感染病毒缺少……汽车尾气照顾残疾人导致不正常的气候对环境造成破坏染上（病）从事医学研究消耗能量消耗自然资源保护环境治愈某人的疾病严重的食物短缺发展医疗技术每天做运动倾倒工厂废料教育公众环境污染体检战胜疾病健康的饮食习惯高热量在危急情况在某人的自然状态保持均衡的饮食平均寿命降低某人的血压降低某人的压力水平管理医疗机构不可再生资源37.On/by prescription38.Preserve the environment39.Prevent a disease40.Prohibit smoking41.Purify polluted air42.Receive sufficient nutrition43.Recover from an illness44.Relieve overpopulation45.Run our of resources46.Save tropical rainforests47.Stay in shape48.Sustainable energy resources49.Take medicine50.Urban sprawl 凭处方保护环境预防疾病禁止吸引净化污染的空气摄取充足的营养痊愈，恢复缓解人口过剩的问题用尽资源挽救热带雨林保持身体健康可持续能源吃药城市扩张。
六十个托福写作高频词汇
六十个托福写作高频词汇六十个托福写作高频词汇很多同学一提到写作就头疼，因为他们没有掌握到写作的基本方法是从词汇开始，下面是店铺为大家搜索整理的六十个托福写作高频词汇，希望能给同学们带来帮助!十个托福写作高频词汇篇11、Challenge（1）Challenge sb to do sth .向…挑战，邀请…比赛They challenge us to a swimming contest.（2）to give （accept） a challenge （接受）挑战2、Share（1）Share 部分，分Everybody ought to have his proper share.（2）Share 参与、贡献I had no share in the mater.（3）Share （with,between）分配，共有They shared the profits between them.I will share with you in the undertaking.3、Instead（1）instead 代替If you cannot go,let him go instead.（2）instead of 代替I will go instead of you.4、Manage（1）manage to do 完成，达成We finally managed to get there in time.（2）manage with 办事，处现事务We can''t manage with these poor tools.（3）manage on 生活，过活How will she manage with her husband gone. 5、Afford（1）afford to do 足以承担I cannot afford to pay such a high price.（2）afford 产生Reading affords pleasure.6、Rather（1）would rather do 宁愿He said he would rather stay at home.（2）rather than 宁愿I had rather dance than eat.7、Ever（1）ever 曾经Have you ever been there?（2）ever 究竟Why ever didn''t you go.（3）ever 如果If the band（乐队）ever plays again,we will dance. （4）ever so=veryThank you ever so much.8、Available（1） available 通用的，有效的The season ticket is available for three months. （2）available 可用的，可达到的9、Else（1）else 此外，别的Where else did you go?（2）else 否则，不然Hurry,else you''ll be late.10、Involve（1）involve 包括Housekeeping involves cooking, washing dishes, sweeping and cleaning.（2）involve 使陷于One foolish mistake can involve you in a good deal of trouble.（3）involve 使纠缠，使难得A sentence that is involved is hard to understand.（4）involve 包围Clouds involved the hilltop.十个托福写作高频词汇篇21. concept ['knsept] n.概念2. conclude [kn'klu:d] v.结束;下结论3. concurrent [kn'krnt] a.同时发生的;并存的4. conduct ['kndkt, kn'dkt] n.行为 v.实施;指挥;导电5. confer [kn'f:] v.授予;协商6. confine [kn'fain, 'knfain] v.限制;禁闭7. confirm [kn'f:m] v.证实8. conflict [kn'flikt, 'knflikt] n.冲突 v.冲突9. conform [kn'f:m] v.遵守;符合10. consent [kn'sent] n.&v.同意十个托福写作高频词汇篇31. consequent ['knsi,kwnt] a.作为结果的2. considerable [kn'sidrbl] a.相当的3. consist [kn'sist] v.由…组成4. constant ['knstnt] a.不断的.5. constitute ['knstitju:t] v.构成6. constrain [kn'strein] v.限制;强制7. construct [kn'strkt] v.建造8. consult [kn'slt, 'knslt] v.商量;咨询;查阅9. consume [kn'sju:m] v.消耗;消费10. contact ['kntkt, kn'tkt] v.&n.接触;联系十个托福写作高频词汇篇41. contemporary [kn'temprri] a.当代的 n.同代人2. context ['kntekst] n.上下文;背景3. contract ['kntrkt, kn'trkt] n.合同 v.收缩4. contradict [,kntr'dikt] v.反驳;与…矛盾5. contrary ['kntrri] a.&n.相反6. contrast [kn'trɑ:st, -'trst, 'kntrɑ:st, -trst] n.对比 v.形成对比7. contribute [kn'tribju:t] v.捐献;贡献;投稿8. controversy ['kntr,v:si] n.争论9. convene [kn'vi:n] v.召集10. converse [kn'v:s] a.相反的十个托福写作高频词汇篇51. convert [kn'v:t] v.转化2. convince [kn'vins] v.使确信3. cooperate [ku'preit] v.合作4. coordinate [ku':dinit, ku':dineit] a.同等的 v.使协调5. core [k:] n.核心6. corporate ['k:prit] a.公司的7. correspond [,k:ri'spnd] v.通信;符合;对应8. couple ['kpl] n.两个;夫妇9. create [kri'eit] v.创造;引起10. credit ['kredit] n.信用;学分;功劳十个托福写作高频词汇篇61. criterion [krai'tirin] n.标准2. crucial ['kru:l] a.决定性的3. culture ['klt] n.文化;修养4. currency ['krnsi] n.货币5. cycle ['saikl] n.循环;周期6. data ['deit] n.[复]数据7. debate [di'beit] n.&v.辩论8. decade ['dekeid] n.十年9. decline [di'klain] v.谢绝;下倾;衰退 n.衰退10. deduce [di'dju:s] v.演绎。
英语作文万能单词
英语作文万能单词在写英语作文时，有一些万能单词可以帮助提高文章的表达水平和连贯性。
以下是一些常用的万能单词及其用法：1. Firstly/First of all: 首先。
2. Secondly: 其次。
3. In addition/Furthermore: 此外。
4. Moreover: 而且。
5. However: 然而。
6. Nevertheless: 然而。
7. On the other hand: 另一方面。
8. Therefore/Hence: 因此。
9. Consequently: 结果。
10. Furthermore: 此外。
11. In conclusion: 总之。
12. To sum up: 总结。
在写作时，可以巧妙地运用这些万能单词来连接句子和段落，使文章的逻辑结构更加清晰，表达更加流畅。
同时，还可以使用一些形容词和副词来丰富文章的词汇，使其更加生动有趣。
例如：1. Excellent: 优秀的。
2. Outstanding: 出色的。
3. Remarkable: 非凡的。
4. Furthermore, the excellent performance of the students in the competition demonstrates their outstanding abilities and dedication to their studies.5. Additionally, the remarkable progress made by the company in recent years highlights its commitment to innovation and excellence.总的来说，熟练运用这些万能单词可以帮助提高英语作文的表达水平，使文章更加连贯和生动。
托福写作高分秘籍：巧用替换词
北京外国语大学雅思培训中心托福写作高分秘籍：巧用替换词托福写作高分秘籍：巧用替换词托福写作中涉及到很多词汇的使用，恰当的词汇不但可以为文章增添亮点，也能使表达更为深入、更富逻辑性。
那么托福写作中经常用到的词汇，你现在完全了解了吗？不妨看看北外雅思为您精心准备的托福写作替换词吧。
1. important =crucial (extremely important),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summit /toeflpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)北京外国语大学雅思培训中心托福写作高分秘籍：巧用替换词14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate (alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her)24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly)27.difficult=arduous (if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)北京外国语大学雅思培训中心托福写作高分秘籍：巧用替换词32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault (physically attack someone), assail (attack violently)35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you toa large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive)46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)。
托福写作高频替换词
一、形容词替换1.合适的：suitable, advisable, sound, temperate, rational, preferable, reliable, fitting, modest, moderate2.精致的：elegant, delicate, elaborate, subtle3.美好的：gorgeous, glorious, splendid, admirable, breathtaking, impressive, spectacular, superb4.杰出的：outstanding, distinguished, eminent, excellent, supreme, extraordinary, prominent, matchless, foremost5.著名的：famous, illustrious, celebrated, notable6.聪明的：intelligent, wise, ingenious, sensible, smart, clever, knowledgeable, capable7.大的：immense, huge, spacious, prodigious, massive, enormous, vast, tremendous, expansive8.小的：slight, tiny, microscopic, small, diminutive, minuscule9.重要的：significant, pivotal(中心的，关键的), superb, momentous, vital, primary, essential, principal, leading, major, dominant, predominant, fateful（决定性的）10.最好的：optimum, premium11.基本的：underlying, elementary, fundamental, essential, cardinal（最重要的）, chief12.不足的：insufficient, scanty, meager, needy, poor, scarce, devoid,empty, lacking13.充足的：fraught, sufficient, enough, adequate, abundant14.过多的：excessive, redundant, overabundant, inordinate15.特殊的：unique, matchless, unrivaled, extraordinary, special16.奇怪的：odd, bizarre, quaint, weird, queer17.相似的：similar, approximate, proximate, homogeneous, identical, equal, equivalent, coordinate18.无效的：null, invalid, void19.有效地：valid, acceptable, effective, resultful, efficient, competent20.高兴地：delightful, happy, hilarious, exultant, gleeful, joyous, exalted, blessed, pleasing, amusing21.普遍的：everywhere, widespread, prevalent, overflow, rampant22.好的：good, beneficial, advantageous23.有害的：harmful, inhumane, detrimental, baneful24.富有的：rich, wealthy, affluent25.贫穷的：poor, impoverished26.严重的：serous, severe27.明显的：obvious, manifest, apparent, evident28.便宜的：cheap, economical, inexpensive二、动词替换1.提高：improve, promote, advance, enhance2.改变：change, transform3.强调：emphasize, highlight, stress, address4.培养：develop, agriculture, cultivate, nurture, foster5.破坏：break, impair, undermine (后两词指抽象意义上的破坏) jeopardize, devastate6.保存：keep, preserve, conserve (保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect指保护具体的东西)7.解决：deal with, tackle, address(高难度用法), resolve, cope with8.需要：need, require, necessitate, call for (奥巴马用的高级用法)9.提供：supply, provide, offer10.思考：consider, speculate, ponder, think, meditate11.建议：propose, suggest, advance, mention, recommend, advise, offer12.吸引：engross, absorb, draw, attract, intoxicate, lure, entice, tempt13.揭示：reveal, exhibit, expose, disclose, unveil, show, transpire, indicate, denote14.理解：understand, comprehend15.说明：illuminate, clarify, illustrate, exemplify, explain, elaborate, demonstrate16.暗示：imply, allude, insinuate17.开始：start, emerge, launch, begin commence, initiate18.带来，引起：generate, produce, give rise to, engender19.停止：stop, cease, halt, terminate, end, finish, conclude20.赞同：agree with, applaud, approve, go along with, in favor of, can not agree more with21.反对：oppose, argue against, combat, rebut三、名词替换1.祖先：forefather, ancestor, predecessor2.不同：difference, gap(简单且牛)，distinction3.犯罪：crime, delinquency, criminal act4.环境：environment, circumstance, atmosphere, surrounding, ambiance5.污染：pollution, contamination6.人类：human, the human race, humanity, humankind7.危险：danger, peril, hazard8.在当今社会：in modern society, in contemporary society, in contemporary world, in present-day society, in this day and age(最牛的说法)9.成就，成功：success, triumph, victory, accomplishment, achievement, fruition, consummation, attainments10.失败：failure, loss, defeat, break down, a case of crabs11.观点：point of view, standpoint, viewpoint, frame of reference, theory12.财产：treasure, profit, fortune, moneybag, wealth, belongings, estate, possessions, property, riches, worth13.好处：advantages, behoof, benefit, gain, good, stead14.优点：excellence, merit, strongpoint, virtue15.缺点：bug, disfigurement, limitation, objection, vice, defect, downside, drawbacks16.发展：development, evolution, progress, grow17.普及：popularization, prevalence18.出现：emergence19.情况：circumstance, condition20.原因：causation, cause, matter, reason21.影响：infection, influence, impact写作高频词汇高频动词Verb Alternative Meaning Language in Usedisdain despise 轻视，贬抑Despised all cowards(懦夫) andflatters(拍马屁的人)deride Mock, ridicule, flout 嘲笑，嘲讽He derides her naive attitude.deceive cheat, trick, fool 欺骗，诈骗He deceived me into signing the papers. reveal Uncover, disclose,expose揭秘，泄露Her laugh revealed her even teeth.rob Loot, pillage 掠夺，抢劫Not only do they rob you, they smasheverything too.slander Discredit, denigrate 诽谤，中伤He claims he was slandered at themeeting.extol Compliment, glorify,laud, praise赞扬He keeps extolling her goodness.dissent Demur, deprecate,dissident 反对，不赞成Dissent from official policydispute Refute, renounce, reject 否认，拒绝，驳斥Dispute resolution in health care deplore Regret, lament, dirge 哀悼，后悔Deplore someone's violent behavior deport Banish, expel, exclude 驱逐，出境Deport sb.reside Dwell, abide, inhabit 居住Dwell on... (place)exaggerate Bombast, overstate 夸张，吹牛Exaggerate the difficultiesrepeal Nullify, abolish 取消，撤销，废除The Congress decided to repeal the law. impede Hamper, hinder 妨碍，阻挠Impede economic recoverypromote Accelerate, advance,promote促进，帮助Promote public welfaresuppress Extinguish, mollify, 镇压Suppress the truth about sth./ movementsubdueindulge pamper 放纵He no longer indulged himself insmoking.eliminate Efface, erase 消除，除去Eliminate differences高频形容词Adjective Alternative Meaning Language in Usetrivial Frivolous, worthless,trifling 琐碎的；不重要的，微不足道的Differences are triviala frivolous novelimpetuous Hasty, headlong,rash, brash,precipitate 轻率的；鲁莽的；冲动的An impetuous young manferocious Bloodthirsty, brutal,cruel, fierce, wild 残忍的，野蛮的The ferocious winds seemed about totear the ship to pieces.sinister Diabolic, forbidding 邪恶的；有害的；致命的A sinister smilepernicious virulent 可怕的，令人难以亲近的A pernicious influence on societyreckless heedless 鲁莽的，不顾后果的A reckless driverHe's quite reckless of his own safety.furtive Covert, sneak 偷偷的，鬼鬼祟祟的；小心谨慎的He cast a furtive glance at her.A furtive movementcovert Hidden, hideaway 秘密的，不公开的Covert military operationsfrugal Prudent, sparing,thrifty 节约的，节省的（花费）A very frugal existence(生活非常节俭)stint abstemious 节制、限制某人（尤指食物）Don't stint on the cream.prodigal Extravagant, lavish,spendthrift, wasteful 浪费的，挥霍的They are prodigal in theirexpenditures.active Vivacious,active,animated,brisk, dynamic,energetic, lively 活泼的An active member of the school'stheatre clubnaughty Prankish, impish,puckish, devilish顽皮的 A naughty boyclumsy Cumbersome,awkward,burdensome笨拙的；麻烦的He chided his son for being clumsy.extraordinary Colossal, enormous,gigantic, huge,immense 巨大的，惊人的She wears the most extraordinaryget-ups.exceptional Remarkable,stupendous 例外的，奇特的，罕见的Forestry has advanced withexceptional speed.miraculous Wonderful,marvelous 奇妙的，不可思议的He made a miraculous recovery.bold Audacious, daring,valiant 大胆的，莽撞的You are so bold that you never dosomething on second thought.productive Prolific, fecund,fertile, fruitful 多产的，丰富的They work hard, but their efforts arenot very productive.barren sterile 贫瘠的，不毛之地A barren desertindigent Improvised,penniless, wretched 贫困的，贫乏的，没钱的Indigent migrantsvigilant Cautious, prudent,wary 谨慎的，警觉的 A vigilant sentry(卫兵)He has to learn how to remainvigilant through these long nights.Impassive Unfeeling, unmoved,apathetic 冷静的，不为所动的Her face remained impassive.cranky Irascible, irritable 坏脾气的，暴躁的A cranky personI'm always cranky when I don't get enough sleep.stubborn Headstrong, willful 固执的Stubborn pride(死要面子) meek Submissive,obedient, tame温顺的，驯服的 A meek or humble mannercharming Attractive,intriguing, appealing 吸引人的My husband was handsome,spontaneous(诚挚) and charming inhis youth.preposterous Absurd, ridiculous,nonsensical荒谬的，可笑的 A preposterous price(漫天要价) reasonable Logical, sound 合理的 A reasonable explanationappropriate Proper, suitable,fitting 相称的，合适的Plain, simple clothes are appropriatefor school wear.1.理解Comprehend, comprehension, interpret，interpretation，percept, perception,2.培养Instill, cultivate, foster, cultivation3.启发Enlightening, inspirational, edifying, thought-provoking4.成功Reap success, reap the fruits of..., accomplish, in the lead, lead forward to success5.帮助Assist，with the assistance/aid of,6.使用Utilize，apply...to..., make the most of, take advantage of。
托福写作必备词汇：常用逻辑关系词整理
托福写作必备词汇：常用逻辑关系词整理在托福的写作过程中，除了词汇和句型力量的不断累积之外。
其实，对于托福写作对于每个同学的规律力量还是有着很高的要求。
下面，我们就为大家介绍一下在托福写作中常用的规律词汇有下面几类，盼望各位同学能娴熟把握.托福写作必备词汇：常用规律关系词1. 并列关系and, furthermore, more than that, also, likewise, moreover,inaddition, what is more, for instance, for example2. 转折关系although, however, on the contrary, but, in spiteof,nevertheless, yet, otherwise, despite3. 挨次关系first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next4. 因果关系as a result, for, thus, because, for this reason, so,therefore,as, since, consequently, on account of5. 归纳关系as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in short,thus,consequently,in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word几个用得比较多的规律（句子）：1. As far as I am concerned, the advantages of … outweighits disadvantages.2. Nevertheless, the disadvantages of … is undeniable.3. To sum up/ In general/ On the whole/ In brief/ In short/ Inaword, it is true that … bring about both positive andnegativeresults. But we can try our best to reduce the negativeinfluenceto the least extent.4. Obviously, in every aspect, …5. This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between…and…6. As to the other three, though the growth rates were not sohigh,they were indeed remarkable and impressive.托福写作（范文）：A Rare Fossil RecordThe preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rate occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny, delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers or destroyed by weathering before they can be fossilized. Ichthyosaurs had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures because, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals, a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones, and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, some areas have become atreasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils.The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis. The ichthyosaur remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales deposited about 190 million years ago. Over the years, thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos. Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time. The embryos are quite advanced in their physical development; their paddles, for example, are already well formed. One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal. In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long.Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden when they are so rare elsewhere? The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.托福写作范文：Skyscrapers and EnvironmentIn the late 1960’s, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lotcapacities.Skyscrapers are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120, 000 kilowatts-enough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day.Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain)through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry wall filled with insulation board. To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city’s sanitation facilities, too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of raw sewage each year-as much as a city the size of Stanford, Connecticut , which has a population of more than 109, 000.托福写作范文：MuseumsFrom Boston to Los Angeles, from New York City to Chicago to Dallas, museums are either planning, building, or wrapping up wholesale expansion programs. These programs already have radically altered facades and floor plans or are expected to do so in the not-too-distant future.In New York City alone, six major institutions have spread up and out into the air space and neighborhoods around them or are preparing to do so.The reasons for this confluence of activity are complex, but one factor is a consideration everywhere - space. With collections expanding, with the needs and functions of museums changing, empty space has become a very precious commodity.Probably nowhere in the country is this more true than at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, which has needed additional space for decades and which received its last significant facelift ten years ago. Because of the space crunch, the Art Museum has become increasingly cautious in considering acquisitions and donations of art, in some cases passing up opportunities to strengthen its collections.Deaccessing - or selling off - works of art has taken on new importance because of the museum’s space problems. And increasingly, curators have been forced to juggle gallery space, rotating one masterpiece into public view while another is sent to storage.Despite the clear need for additional gallery and storage space, however, the museum has no plan, no plan to break out of its envelope in the next fifteen years, according to Philadelphia Museum of Art’s president.托福写作必备词汇：常用规律关系词文档内容到此结束，欢迎大家下载、修改、丰富并分享给更多有需要的人。
英语作文中常用高分短语词组词语搭配
英语写作中100个使用频率较高的词语搭配1．随着经济的快速发展with the rapid development of economy2．人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard3．先进的科学技术advanced science and technology16．双方的论点argument on both sides17．发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…18．对…必不可少be indispensable to …19．正如谚语所说As the proverb goes:20．…也不例外…be no exception21．对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…22．利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages. 23．导致，引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in24．复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon25．责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement39．致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to…40. 应当承认Admittedly,41．不可推卸的义务unshakable duty42. 满足需求satisfy/ meet the needs of…43．可靠的信息源a reliable source of information44．宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources45．因特网the Internet （一定要由冠词，字母I 大写）46．方便快捷convenient and efficient47．在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life48．环保（的）environmental protection / environmentally friendly61．扬长避短Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones 62．取其精髓，取其糟粕Take the essence and discard the dregs.63．对…有害do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to64．交流思想/ 情感/ 信息exchange ideas/ emotions/ information65．跟上…的最新发展keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast withthe latest development of …66．采取有效措施来…take effective measures to do sth. 67．…的健康发展the healthy development of …68．有利有弊Every coin has its two sides.No garden without weeds.80．与…比较compared with…/ in comparison with81. 相反in contrast / on the contrary.82．代替replace/ substitute / take the place of83．经不起推敲cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water 84．提供就业机会offer job opportunities85. 社会进步的反映mirror of social progress86．毫无疑问Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…87．增进相互了解enhance/ promote mutual understanding 88．充分利用make full use of / take advantage of89．承受更大的工作压力suffer from heavier work pressure动词替换集锦做：do=exercise, practice, perform(做法：behavior=exercise, practice, performance)对…有益处：be good for.=do good to=be beneficial to=be advantageous to=be conducive to 对…有害处：be harmful/bad for=be detrimental to=be disadvantageous toembrace a view that(观点：viewpoint，standpoint，perspective ) 反对：be against=reject, object, oppose=be opposed to=become hostile to支持：support=take sides with=advocate=lend support to=sing high praise of导致：lead to=trigger中性含义：face=be faced with=be possessed of面临，面对：be faced with=be encountered with=be poised on the brink of 破坏：destroy, damage=A decompose, destruct=B endanger, threaten=C impair, decimate, deteriorate=D exercise/practice/perform damage/danger…upon 阻碍：limit=A restrict, restrain, constrict, constrain=B obstacle, barricadeCope with减轻：reduce=A lessen, lighten, lower=B mitigate, alleviate=C decrease, degrade形容词替换集锦难的：difficult=troublesome=burdensome=thorny不可或缺的：necessary=indispensable=inevitable=irreplaceable=unavoidable重要的：important=crucial, critical, essential, vital=be importance=be of cruciality=be of criticality= be of essentiality=be of vitality 巨大的：large=enormous, tremendous, considerable, appreciable=B 更+形容词growingly/increasingly/climbingly=C 更+动词to a larger extent名词替换集锦日常生活：daily lives=day-to-day lives=everyday lives因素：cause, reason=factor, determinant联系：relationship(relate A to B)=connection(connect A to B )=association(associate A to B)优点：advantage=benefit=superiority=meritWRITTEN BY Tian Jixin①【常见开篇句】1) With the rapid improvement in.../growing awareness of..., more and more.../sth....(e.g. With the considerable improvement in building industry, more and more structures are being erected to set the people's minds at ease.)2) Recently, sth./the problem of...has been brought to popular attention/ has become the focus of public concern.(e.g. Recently, the problem of unemployment has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the agenda as the first matter.)3) One of the universal issues we are faced with/that cause increasing concern is that...9) The table/graph shows that there is a(n) declining/increasing trend of ...from...(年份) to...(年份)10) Anyone who takes a closer look at the data in the table/graph can be surprised to find that...11) It is a traditional practice to...in our society.(e.g. It is a traditional practice for young people to be financially dependent on their parents for anything like marriage and housing.)12) It has long been considered only right and proper to...(in China.)(e.g. It has long been considered only right and proper/perfectly justified for the old to assume full responsibility for the growth of the young.)(e.g. In the eyes of the public, official corruption means taking bribes,. ..But such corruption comes in many different forms.)17) No one would deny that... 或Everyone would agree that...(e.g. 见例2)18) When it comes to...(sth.), most people (the public) maintain(s)/contend(s) that...(e.g. When it comes to fake commodities, every consumer has much anger to pour uponthem.)19) Now it is widely believed that...(e.g. Now it is widely believed that examinations are the best possible measure for the selection of the qualified.)20) A public debate has arisen as to/over/concerning...24) Things about...are going on to our advantage, but a long cool look at ...reveals that...(e.g. Things about the reform in state enterprises are not going on to the most workers' advantage....But a long cool look at this move reveals that it will produce some substantial benefits to our nation in a long run.)25) No/Little doubt that...But...(e.g.［There is］Little doubt that the traditional schooling has contributed much to our social development.... But some grave defects in it begin to stand out against the modern times.)26) What does sth. mean?27) How/Why does sth. affect our life?28) What is it like to do...?(e.g. An individual human existence is to the human society what a river is to the ocean, small and busy rushing past rocks at first, but gradually growing wider and quieter until it becomes merged in the ocean in the end.)34) To/For/With most people/sb., sth. is/means...(e.g. To dishonest people, a friend means a target or an object that is of some use to them atpresent or in the future.)35) Sth. is the symbol/mark/equivalent of.../is symbolic of.../is equivalent to...(e.g. If selling one's sex is the mark of degeneration, selling one's power is equivalent to committing crime.)36) Suppose/Imagine that.../Let's suppose/assume/imagine (that)...40) In our life, there often appears such an occasion when.../on which... (或it often happens that..)(e.g. In our daily life, there appears such an occasion when we drink success to our work in one field but, at the same time, begin to do great damage to other fields.)41)“...”That is how one of the great minds/scientists/writers remarked on...(e.g. “Happiness, like an old friend, is inclined to drop in unexpectedly—when you're working hard on something else.”That is how a famous writer once remarked on happiness.)42) One of the great sociologists/psychologists has said:” ... “(e.g. The great classical ballerina Anna Pavlova has said: “No one can arrive from being talented alone. God gives talent; work transforms talent into genius.”In other words...)“Isuspect's spittle in the street blotted it up and ran a DNA test on it which led to the man's arrest for a murder. This case best counts as a practical application of the DNA technique.)47) One day, I happened to witness the incident as follows...(e.g. 略)48) The scientific studies/statistics show/indicate that...(e.g. The latest scientific studies show that, if one's mind catches hold of something and doesnot let it go, it is useless to argue with the mind in this condition. This finding further confirms that a modern man is apt to get anxious and depressed.)49) Every weekend sees sb. go about...(e.g. Every weekend sees Ms Song, my roommate, wolf down her dinner and hurry out with her boy friend.)3) In (the) event (face/case/course/time/view) of... some people usually...(e.g. In the course of human struggle for survival, quite a few people always direct their eyes to its dark side.)4) As is stated (shown/suggested/listed/illustrated) in./According to a recent (the latest) report (survey/questionnaire/study/scientific research), the issue in question really...(there are quite alot of people who...)(e.g. As is shown in a recent questionnaire, there are a large number of people who express greater dissatisfaction than satisfaction at the general mood of society.)5) In our daily life (activities/social contact)/In reality/Actually, man y people respond/react to the issue in question by...11) Awareness of the matter in question is one thing/only the beginning(或the first step), but more important to us is the step/the question of how to (cope with/do with it)…(e.g. Awareness of the harmfulness of superstition is only the first step, but more important to our nation is the step of how to clear it out of our society.)12) There is no easy (perfect/universal/two-bird-one-stone/happiest) method(short-cut/solution/remedy/way) at hand, but...can put us on the right way (in the correct direction) to our final goal/destination (...are/is worth trying out in our work.)(e.g. There is no easy short-cut to removal of superstition, but the followingmeasures/suggestions can put our determination in the right direction.)13) There is no better/sounder time to take steps/measures/action than right now, for norather live a simple life than go along with any others in their evil deeds.)17) To...I might as well cite my own experience.(e.g. To draw out of others more valuable opinions upon the problem, I might as well cite my own experience.)18) If I were thrown/put/involved in (to) the context/background/situation/the state of makingmy choice, I would...(e.g. If I were thrown into the freedom to make my choice among the styles of surviving, I would live like this:)19) Faced with/Hit with...I resolve/propose to...(e.g. Faced with the challenge from the future life, I resolve firmly to perfect myself in the25) The influence/effect/consequence of...has not been confined/limited to...(It also...)(e.g. The influence of our outlook on life has not been confined to any particular aspect of social life. Instead, it has left its mark on every facet of our society.)26) From the analyses of causes for...it is not hard for one to arrive at/cometo/reach/draw/assert/deduce/confirm the conclusion that...(或...to distinguish/see the directionin which...)(e.g. From the analyses of causes for divorces, it is not hard for us to draw the conclusion that the divorce rates will go up steadily under the current circumstances.)27) If one continues to cast an indifferent eye on/to turn a deaf ear to/ to be blind to/to overlook the problem, things are sure to go from bad to worse. 或If one is in real earnest in giving all his)31) Of the two things in question, I prefer/favor/give more weight to/endorse the first (second)/the former (latter). (e.g. 略)32) If it is up to me to make a choice (between both), I would rather choose...over...(e.g. If it were up to me to make a choice between both in the event of betrayal of one's country, I would rather choose death over life.)33) Since neither of the two things can be perfect in.../work effectively / come up to...(the required standard), the best/only/ideal course open to sb. is to...(e.g. Since neither of the two measures can be perfect in the solution to the problem of cheating in exams, the best course open to us is to combine the two measures with other possible solutions.)(e.g. When...in terms of actual results, don't you agree that the latter is a better way of learning?)38) Therefore/In conclusion/To sum up, it is because of the unique/substantial/manifold advantages/superiority offered/held by...that...(e.g. In brief, it is because of the substantial advantages held by the perfection of supervisionthat the public places high hopes on it.)39) As things stand, in fact/substance, nothing can be compared with B in ...although...(e.g. it is not without defects.)(e.g. As things stand, in fact, nothing can be compared with the crackdown o f corrupt officials in arousing the enthusiasm of the masses, although it is not without defects.)(e.g. It is high time that we made our minds open to new, different ideas about it and that we started to take some practical measures so as not to leave it to continue its course until it runs wide.)45) Then/On the basis of the above refutation, how/what...(next)?(e.g. ...how to lift ourselves out of the passive situation?...how to repair the damage man hasdone to the environment?...what can be done about the present trend of blind faith in things foreign.)46) So, I feel strongly that...(e.g. So, I feel strongly that the recent trend of superstition reflects a credibility crisis hanging over the country.)(e.g. I am of the view that China's future is bright but the road to success is not smooth.)52) To my mind/From my point of view/In my opinion, whether...or...depend s on how...(e.g. To my mind, whether money may bring us happiness or evils depends on how we get it and how we use it.)53) Anyway/Anyhow/In any case, whether...or...is a difficult question to answer (remains to beturned over), one thing is certain that...(e.g. In any case, whether cloning is a blessing or a curse remains to be turned over; but one thing is certain that it will make a great difference to our outlook on life.)54) In my eye(s), the wide divergence of opinions as to...does not mean that...(we are at a loss to know how to conduct ourselves). The truth of the matte r (The basic question) is...favorably inclined towards the second (first) one.59) To be frank/To tell the truth, I should second the former (latter) attitude/position in preference to the latter (former).60) Despite the extreme to which the former (latter) viewpoint goes, the fact of the matter, in my opinion, is that...(e.g. ...the fact of the matter, in my opinion, is that more and more people are doing their bit in brightening China's future.)61) For the foregoing reasons, I (have/will) never...(e.g. For the foregoing reasons, I have never wavered in my pursuit of this purpose.)62) Although...nothing has...can...(或I have/will all along...)A(e.g. ...is what steps I should take towards the realization of my aim.)67) To..., however, is/requires/demands...(e.g. To be a successful learner, however, demands a great deal of work.)68) But in reality, the expression of one' reasons in one thing while the accomplishment of his purpose is another thing, which usually needs/is/requires...(So,...)(e.g. ..., which usually needs a greater effort of will.)69) To me, however, the greatest challenge is not the matter/question of...but (thematter/question) of...(e.g. To me, however, the greatest concern/challenge is not the matter of the grounds for my aspiration, but of capacities to be increased for making it a reality.)(e.g. ...from the modern military history of China.)75) Perhaps it will suffice to mention another example/case/story of..., which unfolds as follows:...(e.g. ...of an unbridgeable gap between ideal and reality, which unfolds as follows: A woman was speaking to her friend about her two beaus. “If I could combine their qualities, I'd be thehappiest person in the world. Ronald is rich, handsome and witty but unwilling to propose marriage to me. Tony, compared with t he first, is outshone but he is eager to marry me.”)76) It is only by/through...that...(e.g. It is only by adapting oneself to a new environment that he is more likely than others to survive in it.)nothing comes close to...(e.g. 略)82) To make the better (clearer/easier) best (clearest/easiest), a further/deeper/wiserstep/way/study/method/measure/plan is/should be...(e.g. To make the clearer clearest, a further study should be taken up of how the phenomenon “La Ni a”came into being.)83) If you are.../want to..., it is vital/ideal/important/essential that...(e.g. If you are more at home in associating one thing with others, it is vital that you take full advantage of the divergent thinking.)84) The most important/essential/substantial/critical thing/matter worth pointing out, however, is...(e.g. ...in the mode of reproduction/living.)89) The effect of comparison/contrast between both is heightened most by the difference in...(e.g. ...in size/intelligence/principles/values/outlook on life/abilities to adapt to new environments.)90) Still under/in similar/the same circumstances/conditions/situations, however, the twothings can turn out quite/most differently(或A turns out to be radically/utterly/totally different from B). (e.g. 略)91) But in the other culture/atmosphere/society/scope/field, by contrast, thething(s)/person(s)/subject(s) grow(s)/develop(s)/turn(s) out/act(s) in the opposite/contrary directions.(或a(n) completely/entirely/qualitatively/vastly/strikingly different result comestwo things/from he same thing is...(e.g. Against the same background, however, what stands out between the two peoples is the angles/perspectives from which they see things.)95) Between the two things/subjects/people under comparison, nothing can bring out/present as great/sharp/poignant contrast as...(e.g. ...as poignant contrast as the occasion when both run into danger.)96) As far as...is/are concerned, sth. in question means/signifies/symbolizes...(e.g. As far as a person of bad taste is concerned, life means seeking for physical incentives, of which money is usually counted as No. One.)97) If adopted/used to define/measure/weigh/judge..., sth. in question is often1)Some (people) argue/claim/believe/hold that... But others set (put) forth a different argument about/appositive views on the matter in question.(e.g. Some claim that setting off firecrackers is a good practice of celebrating the Spring Festival. ...But others put forth opposite views on the problem. )2) Some (people) advocate/endorse/favor/are for (或oppose/object to/are against)... Yetothers stick to/hold on to/cling to the opposite views/argument/points.(e.g. Some advocate changes intended to modernize the building code. ...Yet others hold on to the opposite views.)3) To some people's mind/From some people's point of view/In the eye(s) o f some people, the matter in question is/seems/should be/means...But to others' mind/from others' point of④【常见让步法段首句和过渡句】1) It is true/There is no need to deny that...But it does not mean...(e.g. There is no need to deny that recreational services have added variety to our social life. ...But it does not mean leaving them to take their own courses.)2) Although it is widely believed that..., it can not stand close/coldscrutiny/analysis/examination.3) Admittedly/True/Obviously/Indeed, the issue in question... But one basic/vital fact is being left out of our analysis/consideration, namely/that is…(e.g. Admittedly, the official figures and statistics show that much improvement has been made in people's living standards. ... But one vital fact is being left out of our analysis, namely a1) To prevent this phenomenon/trend from worsening/running wide/To guide thematter/situation to the best advantage, it is necessary/important to...(可用于分析建议类、原因分析类等议论文)2) In the face of...some people take the position that.../some people come to believe that..., to which I can't attach/add my consent.(可用于批驳分析类议论文)或In the face of...people retain/take/show/assume different attitudes/position s/standpoints.(可用于各抒己见类议论文)或In the face of...many people have come up with...(可用于对比分析类议论文和知识性说明文等)3) But many people feel puzzled about/perplexed at/over whelmed with...(the)比说明文)9) More insight/inspiration/truth/thought can be deduced from these changes.(可用于知识性说明文)10) This situation/phenomenon/trend/tendency is ratherdistressing/disturbing/depressing/heart-rending, for the opposite of it is just in line with ourwishes/just what is to be expected.(可用于分析建议、批驳分析和原因分析等议论文)12) This is what we are unwilling to see, so some way must be found out to...(可用于分析建议、对比分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)13) Fortunately, however, more and more people come/begin to realize that ...(可用于分析建议、对比分析和各抒己见类议论文)批驳分析等议论文和对比说明文及知识性说明文)19) If you push the analysis/study/argument/comparison/exposure further, you will see that...(用于分析建议、对比分析、批驳分析、各抒己见类议论文和对比说明文及知识性说明文)20) The same is true of many cases in life.(用于举例说明文)21) Now, let's see what would happen to...in this case/light(或in differentconditions/circumstances).(用于分析建议类议论文和对比说明文)22) Perhaps, it is ideal/high/ripe time for us to tackle/handle/answer/take up the question in no half-hearted manner.(用于分析建议、原因分析类议论文和知识性说明文)23) To be frank, I have turned the question over and over in my mind, but found no reason to sidestep it; so here are my ways to.../my reasons for...(用于理由陈述类议论文和知识性说明文)30) In that case, however, I prefer to...rather than...(用于理由陈述、比较分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)31) (Un)Fortunately, there are still some people who act in the other way around.(用于分析建议和原因分析类议论文)32) Once/If hit/cursed/overwhelmed with such troubles/straits/matters, you'd better/I would(not) do something about them to find your/my way out.(用于知识性说明文)33) I was once caught/stuck in the same situation/context, but I managed to lift myself out of it.(用于知识性说明文)34) When exposed to/subject to the same conditions/challenge/choice, however, different people tend to behave in different ways.(用于各抒己见类议论文)对比性说明文)41) His/Her story is not unusual/rare, it is typical of thousands of people who are followinghis/her lead, so some people have abundant reason to ask how this came into being/how this will affect our future life/what measures should be taken to cope with it. (用于分析建议、原因分析、对比分析、批驳分析类议论文和知识性说明文)42) The results of this survey/questionnaire have aroused/drawn nationwide / publicattention/concern, which is why some great efforts are being made by our government/society. (用于分析各抒己见类议论文和举例、知识性说明文)43) Such a dilemma/problem/condition we often run into in our life, but the basic question is how to cope with it/but all we need to do is how to approach it. (用于分析建议、原因分析、对(用48) When adopted to define different things/people, sth. comes in a variety offlavors/tastes/meanings/values/senses. A(e.g. When/If adopted to describe the people with different intentions, life often comes in various senses.)49) Sth. may be/bear/convey many meanings/values/hints to many/different people/things, but,in all senses/the broadest sense/a real sense, it is/means...A(e.g. Happiness may convey many hints to many families, but, in every sense, it means making more contribution than demand in a family.)50) On the whole/As a whole/All in all/In substance (essence), however, thediverse/different/various meanings/interpretations/concepts/definitions of sth. originate2) Sth., if made the best/the worst of, will bring some distinct advantages/disadvantages to our social development/one's growth.(e.g. Stock markets, if made the best of, will bring some advantages to our social construction.)3) Sth. is expected to do a lot of benefit/threat/harm to sb./sth. else.(e.g. Cloning, as a new-born thing, is expected to do a lot of benefit to the human progress.)4) (Doing) sth. will enrich/endanger/influence one's life in more than one aspect.(e.g. Having one's head in the clouds sometimes can enrich a good teacher's teaching in more than one aspect.)5) Some good/bad/unexpected effects come of what we have done/sth. done in...9) Why has/did/is...? (For one thing/...For another...Perhaps the mostfundamental/adequate/competent reason is...)(e.g. Why is there a growing drift toward power-seeking in society?)10) It is no easy/simple task/job to furnish/identify/find every reason / cause for sth., but/while, on the whole, three/some factors shout louder/weigh heavier than others/stand out fromothers.(e.g. It is no easy job to find every reason for the increase in the number of teenagers who run away from their homes, but, on the whole, two factors shout louder than others.)11) In view of this situation/drift/boom/social disorder/drastic change, people putforward/advance/suggest/propose two countermoves/countermeasures:...a permanent ban against unhealthy recreations and a long -term moral education.)15) When it comes to the comparison between A and B, each has its own advantages and disadvantages.(e.g. When it comes to the comparison between travelling by car and travelling by train, each has advantages and disadvantages of its own.)16) Ideas/Views on the issue in question vary from person to person/vary widely. A(e.g. Ideas on the way of reading vary from person to person.17) As to whether it is a blessing or a curse, however, people take differentviews/positions/attitudes/stands(或people's attitudes are quite opposite to each other.).A (e.g. As to whether birth of various associations on campus is a blessing or a curse, however,seeking/choosing to do sth.)(e.g. There are several reasons for my fondness for the sports.)22) Among the factors that contribute to my achievement/choice/struggle/..., three/a few shout louder/weigh more heavily/stand out.(e.g. Among the factors that contribute to my success in studies, three shout louder.)23) The reasons/factors/causes for my love (of...)/interest (in...)/determination (to do sth.)/objection (to sth.)/...are varied and individual.(e.g. The reasons for my pursuit of the career are varied but individual.)24) A variety of/Quite a few factors have led me to do sth.(e.g. Quite a few factors have led me to form the habit of collecting stamps .)30) This truth/principle/motto/popular saying/way of coping with sth. is/ h olds true for/goes for/can be applied to many/various matters/cases in our actual life.(e.g. The above theory can be applied to a variety of cases in our daily life.)31) There are some/several/a few steps (measures/ways/methods/tricks/less o ns) you/a would-be beginner can follow (take/try/use/learn) to achieve your (his /her) goal/to realizeyour/his dreams/to the best advantage.(e.g. There are some clever tricks a would-be relaxer can learn to keep himself free of worry or stress.)32) When/If sth. in question/you...it is better/advisable/necessary/essential (for you) to follow the instructions/courses/steps/schemes/ways as given/described below.in...(some aspects)(e.g. 略)37) J ust as one can distinguish only by comparing(或Just as there can be no differentiation without contrast), it is necessary/better/worthwhile to see/find out what will come of the contrast/comparison between A and B.(e.g. ...it is worthwhile to find out what comes of the contrast between the Western cultureand the Eastern culture.)38) In/Under/On different/similar situations/conditions/circumstances, how ever, the meanings/connotations/inspirations/lessons/doctrines/experiences/value s/implications/hints derived from (gained in) the same (different) thing(s) are similar/contrary/opposite to one another(或different from one other).second thought is to...(e.g. In view of the above-mentioned negative factors in raising the output, our second thought is to improve the quality of products.)2)To counter/offset/counteract/cancel undesirable/side/ill effects/influence/results of A, B is put forward/proposed/advanced as another better course/ solution to...。
托福考试写作主题词汇
托福考试写作主题词汇托福考试写作主题词汇下面是店铺整理的托福考试常见话题词汇，分享给各位同学复习备考作为词汇积累使用。
1、环境类white pollute 白色污染sustainable development 可持续发展ecosystem 生态系统environmental pollution 环境污染over-fishing (overgrazing) 过度捕捞(过度放牧)sandstorm 沙尘暴resource exhaustion 资源枯竭water and soil conservation 水土保持soilerosion 土壤流失clear-cutting (deforestation) 滥砍滥伐desertification 沙漠化conserve natural resources 保护自然资源shortage of freshwater 淡水短缺disruption of ecological balance 生态失衡natural preservation zone 自然保护区2、教育话题类the craze for graduate school 考研热surf the internet 网上冲浪cyberspace 网络空间inter-disciplinary talent 复合型人才assignment of graduates 毕业生分配netfriend 网友examination-oriented education 应试教育teach students according to their aptitude 因材施教quality-oriented education 素质教育compulsory education 义务教育internet bar 网吧adult (continuing) education 成人教育distance education 远程教育campus culture 校园文化two-way selection 双向选择work-study program 勤工俭学double degree 双学位non-resident student 走读生resident student 寄宿生extra curricular activities 课外活动self-taught examination 自学考试become well-educated through self-study 自学成才to reduce study load 学生减负web-addiction 沉湎于上网3、社会热点类Project Hope 希望工程information revolution 信息革命epidemic disease 传染病drop out students 失学儿童laid-off worker 下岗工人reemployment project 再就业工程clone technology 克隆技术migrate laborer 民工crack down on counterfeit goods/fake products 打假devalue 贬值expand domestic demand 扩大内需state-owned enterprise 国有企业deflation 通货紧缩inflation 通货膨胀rechargeable card 冲值卡Smooth Traffic Project 畅通工程anti-fake label 防伪标志poverty alleviation 扶贫infrastructure construction 基础设施vicious circle 恶性循环gender discrimination 性别歧视psychological quality 心理素质pattern of consumption 消费结构consumers' association 消费者协会green food 绿色食品money worship 拜金主意Olympic committee 奥委会host city 举办城市bid for Olympic 申办奥运会4、经济文化类regional protectionism 地方保护主义tax evasion 偷税漏税purchasing power 购买力cyber economy 网络经济personal income tax 个人所得税risk investment 风险投资after sale service 售后服务stock exchange 股票交易booming/thriving/prosperity 繁荣decline/recession/depression 萎缩/衰退/萧条5、科技发展类broadband networks 宽带网multimedia 多媒体hacker 黑客e-business 电子商务pirated software 盗版软件pseudo-science/superstition 迷信computer virus 电脑病毒on-line shopping 网上购物get/surfon-line 上网test-tube baby 试管婴儿Orbital Station 空间站拓展阅读：托福高分词汇逻辑辨证记忆提示：由nounce,nunci演化而来的英文单词围绕着“to declare(宣布，声称)”造词。
托福写作实用的高分副词
托福写作实用的高分副词1.reportedly 据报道英英释义：according to reports or other information相比于用“it is reported that”会更加简洁。
例：Technical engineers who worked on the plane prior to takeoff are reportedly going to be questioned by the police.据报道，起飞前在飞机上工作的技术工程师将接受警方的询问。
2.correspondingly 相应地英英释义：accompanying/similar especially in position or purpose同近义词：united/consistent/comparative/solid/matching 例：And the beaker on the left will be emptied and the beaker on the right will fill up correspondingly.左边的烧杯将会慢慢地变空，与之相应的是，右边的烧杯将会渐渐地变满。
3.realistically 从现实角度来看英英释义：in a realistic manner同近义词：practically/to the life可以用在强调不希望某件事会这样发展，但事实确实如此。
例：But realistically you can't rely on one technique.但实际上，你不可能只依赖一种解决方法。
例：The only one we can realistically check is the last.但我们实际上可以核实的信息只有最后那个邮箱地址。
4.proportionately 成比例地英英释义：to a proportionate degree/in proportion同近义词：appropriately / commensurately例：In view of the technological improvements in the last few years, business will require in the future proportionately fewer workers than ever before.考虑到过去几年的技术进步，相应地，未来企业所需的工人将比以往任何时候都要少。
托福综合写作常用词语及句型
托福综合写作常用词语及句型给在准备托福考试的同学分享一些干货托福综合写作常用词语及句型1. 常用词语提示逻辑顺序：First of all, First, to start with, Second, Also, Besides, Furthermore, Moreover, Another, in addition to, Finally, Lastly, Third阅读文章指代：The reading passage, the writer, the author, writer of the reading, the reading material听力材料指代：Professor, lecturer, speaker, instructor, presenter, lecture, speech, talk, the listening, the presentation 表转折类关系词语：However, but, yet, even so, despite that, even though, although, while, whereas反驳类词语：contradicts, challenges, clashes with, conflicts with, denies, opposes, runs counter to, raises doubts about, throws …into doubt, in opposition to, in stark contrast to, in spite of, questions, cast doubt on, disagree with,研究类词语：explore, analyzes, examines, deals with, is concerned with, is about, focuses on, concentrates on, investigates(深入研究)讨论类词语：think，believes, argues, asserts, claims, contends, insists, states, indicates, discusses, raise the issue that,支持类词语：Support, confirm, back up, strengthen, bolster, advocate, reinforce观点类：Idea, view, opinion, viewpoint话题类：Issue, subject, topic证明：Proves, shows, confirms, verifies对比：Contrary to, in opposition to, in stark contrast to, in spite of2. 写作常用句型开头段1. The lecture revises the idea presented in the text that______.2. The professor actually contradicts the statement made in the passage. She is the view that ______.3. The author of the reading passage proposes _____. The lecturer, however, points to the inaccuracies in _____.(Casting-Doubt)4. The lecture and the reading passage give contradictory opinions on the topic of ________. The reading passage explains that ______ while the lecture provides several counterarguments to this view.5. The reading passage raises several doubts about _____, whereas the professor defends _____. (Casting-Doubt)6. The lecturer points out several problems with ______ in support of her claim that ________. (Casting-Doubt)7. The lecturer rejects the ideas presented in the reading passage about ______. In her opinion, _______.8. The lecturer and the reading passage hold completely different views toward ________, which is ________.9. The professor explains three aspects of _______, each of which has successfully addressed the problems mentioned in the reading passage (concerning _____, ______ and _______). (Problem-Solution)10. The reading passage argues that _________. However, the professor raises serious counterarguments against the reading by providing three aspects as listed below.主体段1. ____ dissolves as the professor explains that _______. (Problem-Solution)2. ____ is also solved in the lecture. (Problem-Solution)3. ____ is refuted by the fact that _____.4. ____ contradicts the issue of _____. She says that _____.5. The issue of ______ does not please the professor either. She says that ____.6. The professor acknowledge/admit ____, but also points out that ____. (存在承认、让步)7. The lecturer argues that _____. The reading, however,______.8. The first/second theory, that ________ is (also) rejected by the lecturer. He explains that _______.9. Regarding the ______, the lecturer contends that _____. He argues that ______.10. The lecturer challenges the first/second/final point in the reading regarding the _______. She says that ________.11. According to the professor, ________. According to the reading, however, _______.12. The reading argues that ________. The reading, however, holds that _______.13. The professor rejects the claim in the reading that_______. She says that _______.14. Although the reading suggests that _______, the professor argues that _________.15. The lecturer does not agree with the first/second/final point made in the reading --- that ______. She contends that _______.16. The lecturer states that ______. In contrast, the reading passage states that _______.17. According to the speaker, ________. This point directly contradicts what the passage indicates.18. The reading passage states that _______. The professor, however, states that _______.19. The professor opposes the reading passage by pointing out _______. The professor counters the claim made by the reading passage.20. The professor doubts _______. On the contrary to the reading passage, he/she points out that _______.扫描二维码限时获取免费视频课程。
托福写作词汇必背大全
1)合理的：logical，rational, reasonable, sound, cerebral, intellectualadvisable2)否认，拒绝，驳斥：contradict, dispute, refute, renounce, naysay,gainsay, reject, repudiate, discredit, rebut, negate, dissent, protest, disprove，repudiate3)轻视，贬抑：disdain, despise, reject, scorn, contempt, derogate,disparage, depreciate4)残忍的，野蛮的：ferocious, bloodthirsty, brutal, cruel, fierce, vicious,wild, atrocious5)邪恶的，有害的：sinister, diabolic, corrupt, forbidding, pernicious,virulent, deleterious6)节约的，谨慎的：frugal, prudent, saving, economical, sparing, thrifty,abstemious, meticulous, wary, circumspect, cautious7)浪费的：prodigal, extravagant, lavish, spendthrift, wasteful, squander8)欺骗：deceive, beguile, dupe, hoax, bamboozle, cheat, delude,hoodwink9)后悔，哀叹: deplore, bemoan, regret, lament, dirge, bewail, repent10)例外的，奇特的，罕见的：exceptional, stupendous, miraculous,marvelous11)取消，撤销，废除：repeal, nullify, abolish, quash, withdraw, abrogate12)持久的：everlasting, perceptual, permanent, endurable, abiding,eternal13)短暂的: momentary, temporary, transient, ephemeral, evanescent,provisional14)相称的：condign, fitting, proper, suitable, appropriate15)妨碍，阻挠：filibuster, encumber, impede, hamper, hinder, stymie,curb, obstruct16)促进, 帮助：precipitate, accelerate, avail, advance, facilitate, hasten,promote, quicken, foster, bolster17)开始：initiate, embark on, inaugurate18)提供：furnish, render, accommodate19)废除：repeal, nullify, abolish, quash, withdraw, abrogate20)加强，巩固：strengthen, enhance, reinforce, intensify, consolidate,upgrade, heighten21)激励：motivate, stimulate, inspire, encourage, provoke, arouse22)固执的：headstrong, obstinate, stubborn, willful, firm, dogged,adamant, tenacious23)忠诚：fidelity, allegiance, attachment, devotion, faith, fealty, loyalty24)精确，精准：accuracy, exactness, exactitude, precision25)合适的：condign, fitting, proper, suitable, appropriate, felicitous26)合理的：possible, rational, reasonable, feasible, practical, legitimate,plausible27)重要的：important, essential, significant, vital, imperative, necessary,indispensable, paramount, crucial, primary, high-ranking, decisive28)微不足道的：trivial, frivolous, measly, paltry, superficial, trifling,worthless, venial, insignificant, unimportant, negligible29)影响：affect, influence, impact, change, modify30)教育：teach, educate, instruct, tutor, impart, instill31)阐述，解释：explain, account for, clarify, demonstrate, illustrate,illuminate, enlighten, explicate, expound, justify32)声称：claim, mention, assert33)假设：assume, suppose, hypothesize, speculate, surmise, postulate,conjecture34)有关的：related, connected, linked, relevant, correlated, interrelated,associated，pertinent35)有用的：useful, helpful, beneficial, positive, constructive, valuable,effective, functional, rewarding, salutary36)导致：lead to, cause, generate, engender, render, trigger, give rise to,contribute to，result in37)因为：result from, because, since, owing to, because of, since, for, onaccount of, on ground of, be attributed to38)举例：for example, for instance, as a case in point, to be specific,imagine, suppose39)强调：stress, emphasize, highlight, underline, underscore, insist40)解决，处理：deal with, solve, resolve, crack, tackle, unravel,surmount, overcome, address, decipher, figure out41)获得，得到：get, receive, obtain, acquire, harvest, attain42)认为：think，deem, reckon, embrace the idea that, believe, suppose43)给予：give, impart, bestow, offer, provide44)成功：succeed, achieve, accomplish, prosper, thrive45)勤奋的：hard-working, diligent, industrious, assiduous, productive46)令人信服的：convincing, persuasive, compelling, captivating,enthralling, forceful, powerful47)创新的：creative, innovative, original, imaginative, inventive,resourceful, ingenious, productive48)传统的：conventional, formulaic, orthodox49)削弱，损害：undermine, founder, destabilize, demoralize, weaken,challenge, deteriorate, degrade, emasculate, enervate, devitalize, exacerbate50)可得到的：available, accessible, obtainable51)理解：understand, comprehend, grasp, apprehend, recognize, realize,be aware of52)独有的：distinct, characteristic, unique, typical53)不同的：difference, diverse, separate, discrete54)可疑的：doubtful, implausible, dubious55)替代：supplant, replace, swap, substitute, take the place of56)证明：vindicate, justify, exonerate, support, defend, exculpate,substantiate, corroborate57)虚假的，错误的：spurious, fallacious, flawed, specious, forged58)使困惑：perplex, confuse, mystify, puzzle, confound, baffle, bewilder59)支持：support, espouse, bolster up, prop up, endorse, favor,champion60)缓解，缓和：release, alleviate, mitigate, moderate, lessen, pacify,assuage, mollify61)实施：implement, execute, carry out62)利用：utilize, make use of, avail, employ, exploit, manipulate63)明显的：obvious, conspicuous, noticeable, prominent, striking,apparent, evident, seeming64)无处不在的：pervasive, widespread, ubiquitous, prevalent, abundant65)挑战，质疑：challenge, defy, question, dispute, take issue with66)熟练的：adept, skillful, adroit, proficient67)激增：multiply, propagate, proliferate, burgeon, magnify, enlarge,reproduce, mushroom68)传播：promulgate, broadcast, circulate, spread, propagandize69)共识：consensus, agreement, concord70)难理解的：impenetrable, obscure, incomprehensible, indistinct,shadowy71)暗示：suggest, hint, allude, imply, infer, indicate72)有声誉的：renowned, famous, distinguished, prominent, eminent,acclaimed73)乐观的：sanguine, hopeful, buoyant, optimistic74)合作：cooperate, collaborate, conjoin, ally75)评估：estimate, approximate, calculate, reckon76)承受：endure, resist, withstand, undergo, maintain, tolerate, sustain,put up with77)相同的：same, identical, congruent, parallel78)根除：get rid of, eradicate, exterminate, eliminate79)昂贵的：expensive, costly, luxurious, prohibitive80)对手：rival, opponent, adversary81)坚定的：steadfast, unshakable, unswerving, invariable82)优于：advantageous, superior, beneficial, profitable, gainful83)引起争议的：contentious, disputable, controversial84)世界性的：cosmopolitan, universal, worldwide85)拖拉的：laggard, draggy, dilatory86)灾难性的：disastrous, catastrophic, fatal综合写作：针对以上信息总结积累综合写作常用表达(1)关联词表示转折与对比：however/ instead/ on the contrary/ in contrast with/ nevertheless/ rather than/ by contrast/ on the other hand表示强调：remember that/ and most important is that/ a major development is that/ the basic concept here is/ the important idea is表示例证：for example/ for instance/ A is an example of B/ namely/ to give a specific examplein addition/ further more/ in the same manner/ another reason is/ that brings us to/ what I want to talk about is that发表意见：according to / personally/ in my opinion下结论：all in all/ in sum/ in conclusion/ in consequence/ consequently/ finally/ therefore（2）反驳关系的常用表述动词类：refute\ challenge\ doubt\ deny\ rebut\ counter\ cast doubt on\ contradict\ oppose\ object to\ disagree with\ disapprove of形容词短语类：be contradictory\ conflicting\ opposing\ contrary\ opposite to\ different from副词短语类：in contrast\ conversely\ however\ actually\ in fact\ indeed连词类：while\ whereas（3）针对材料的具体表达词汇1)合理的：logical，rational, reasonable, sound, cerebral, intellectual, advisable2)否认，拒绝，驳斥：contradict, dispute, refute, renounce, naysay, gainsay, reject, repudiate, discredit, rebut, negate, dissent, protest, disprove3)邪恶的，有害的：sinister, diabolic, corrupt, forbidding, pernicious, virulent, deleterious4)妨碍，阻挠：filibuster, encumber, impede, hamper, hinder, stymie, curb, obstruct5)促进, 帮助：precipitate, accelerate, avail, advance, facilitate, hasten, promote, quicken, foster6)加强，巩固：strengthen, enhance, reinforce, intensify, consolidate, upgrade, heighten7)合适的：condign, fitting, proper, suitable, appropriate, felicitous8)合理的：possible, rational, reasonable, feasible, practical, legitimate, plausible9)阐述，解释：explain, account for, clarify, demonstrate, illustrate, illuminate, enlighten, explicate, expound, justify10)声称：claim, mention, assert11)假设：assume, suppose, hypothesize, speculate, surmise, postulate, conjecture，12)有关的：related, connected, linked, relevant, correlated, interrelated, associated pertinent13)有用的：useful, helpful, beneficial, positive, constructive, valuable, effective, functional, rewarding, salutary，14)导致：lead to, cause, generate, engender, render, trigger, give rise to, contribute to15)因为：result from, because, since, owing to, because of, since, for, on account of, on ground of, be attributed to16)解决，处理：deal with, solve, resolve, crack, tackle, unravel, surmount, overcome, address, decipher, figure out17)认为：think，deem, reckon, embrace the idea that, believe, suppose18)令人信服的：convincing, persuasive, compelling, captivating, enthralling, forceful, powerful19)削弱，损害：undermine, founder, destabilize, demoralize, weaken, challenge, deteriorate, degrade, emasculate, enervate, devitalize, exacerbate20)不同的：difference, diverse, separate, discrete21)可疑的：doubtful, implausible, dubious22)证明：vindicate, justify, exonerate, support, defend, exculpate, substantiate, corroborate23)虚假的，错误的：spurious, fallacious, flawed, specious, forged24)支持：support, espouse, bolster up, prop up, endorse, favor, champion25)利用：utilize, make use of, avail, employ, exploit26)挑战，质疑：challenge, defy, question, dispute, take issue with27)引起争议的：contentious, disputable, controversial28)灾难性的：disastrous, catastrophic, fatalWorking in a less intellectually challenging working environment, employees will be complacent and stall, thus losing their competitive edge in the long run.。
英语作文常用万能词汇
英语作文常用万能词汇英语作文中的词汇是非常重要的，它可以让文章更丰富、更流畅。
在写英语作文的过程中，如果能够灵活运用一些常用的万能词汇，不仅可以使文章更具说服力，还可以提高文章的档次。
下面将为大家总结一些在英语作文中常用的万能词汇，希望对大家有所帮助。
连接词1.Moreover - 此外2.Furthermore - 而且3.In addition - 另外4.On the other hand - 另一方面5.However - 然而6.Therefore - 因此7.Consequently - 因此8.Meanwhile - 与此同时9.Nevertheless - 然而10.Moreover - 况且11.Nonetheless - 尽管如此描述词1.Outstanding - 杰出的2.Unique - 独特的3.Significant - 有意义的4.Important - 重要的5.Crucial - 关键的6.Convenient - 便利的7.Essential - 关键的8.Remarkable - 卓越的9.Valuable - 有价值的表示观点1.In my opinion - 在我看来2.From my point of view - 从我的角度来看3.I firmly believe that - 我坚信4.It is widely acknowledged that - 众所周知5.It is universally recognized that - 众所周知6.I am of the opinion that - 我认为结论词1.In conclusion - 总而言之2.To sum up - 总结一下3.Therefore, in my opinion - 因此，在我看来4.Taking all these factors into consideration - 怀着这些因素考虑以上就是一些英语作文中常用的万能词汇，希望大家在写作文时能够灵活运用，让文章更加生动、有说服力。
英语最常用的写作形容词单词的有哪些
智课网TOEFL备考资料托福写作常用形容词整理摘要：词汇是托福作文的基石，词汇量的丰富多样与否直接关系到托福写作语言的表达。
下面介绍一些托福写作中常用到的形容词及动词，可以帮助大家丰富自己的托福写作词汇，提高托福作文表达多样性，避免单调枯燥。
★高频形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental = baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的： healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigourous =animated11. 流行的： popular = prevailing = prevalent = pervasive★高频动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance = promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = engender3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养： develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为： think = assert = hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish = achieve上述就是托福作文中常用的可以相互替换的形容词和动词总结，建议大家认真记忆，在托福作文练习中可以替换应用，以提高托福作文的表达生动多样，摆脱词汇单一枯燥的现状。
托福写作常用的100个观点类词汇整理
托福写作常用的100个观点类词汇整理想要成功的掌握好托福写作，托福词汇是一大关键基础。
而在托福文章中，能为大家带来第一印象的就是，观点的明确定位。
所以，对于正在备考托福的学生来说，更好的掌握一些观点的词汇，对于文章内容的表达将会更为丰满和充实。
下面点课台教育就为大家带来100个观点类词汇整理，希望能为大家的托福写作备考带来帮助。
托福写作中，我们经常会遇到观点类的题型，这就要求我们用明确的观点来定位文章基调，这就需要我们掌握大量关联类的词汇。
1.持某观点 claim ( contendreckon share the belief that )2.支持某观点 advocate (maintainvote forside with be in favor of )3.反对某观点 contradict (criticizebe against cast doubts on )4.合理的 justified ( sensible feasible convincinghold waterbear much analysis)5.好处 advantage (benefit，merit，positive side)6.弊端 disadvantage( defect，demerit，negative side)7.肯定 undoubtedly (indeedundeniablythere is no denying that)8.不确定 be likely to ( potentially presumably)9.重要的 essential (significant，vital，crucial，critical，fundamental，indispensable)10.有益的 beneficial (conducive instrumental )11.有害的 detrimental (harmfulvirulent)12.有争议的 controversial (disputable，contentious)13.普遍的 widespread ( prevalent，universal)14.显著地 considerably (significantly，remarkably，dramatically，tremendously，substantially)15.明显的 evident (apparent，manifest)16.增强 enhance (strengthen intensify)17.减少 decline (descend，collapse，relieve)18.大约 approximately(nearly，around，estimated，roughly)19.趋势 trend(tendency，inclination)20.预见 predict (expect，project)21.带来 bring about (result in，lead to)22.引起 create (spark ; yield;; give rise to)23.建立 establish (found，institute)24.要求 call for (request，demand)25.去除 eliminate(remove，eradicate)26.探讨 explore (examine，identify)27.描绘 depict (portray，illustrate)28.后果 consequence( aftermath; outcome)29.足够 adequate (enough; sufficient)30.解决 tackle ( resolve，address)31.意识 awareness(consciousness)32.控制 curb ( regulate，censor)33.解释 account for ( be responsible for)34.投资 finance (invest in，subsidize)35.缓解 relieve ( ease，alleviate)36.压力 stress ( pressure，strain)37.和谐 harmony ( concordance)38.继承 inherit (hand down)39.培养 cultivate (train，foster)40.促进 promote ( contribute to，upgrade)41.适应 adapt to (adjust to，acclimate to)42.提供 provide (render，afford)43.替代 replace (substitute，take the place of)44.保护 preserve (protect)45.证据 evidence (proof)46.赢得 gain (acquire，attain)47.国外的 foreign( alien，exotic)48.灾难 disaster (misfortune，catastrophe)49.发展 advance (progress)50.倾向于 tend to ( be inclined to，be apt to)51.吸引 attract (allure，tempt)52.专注的 be absorbed in(be immersed in，devote oneself to)53.目的是aim at ( The purpose is )54.实现 achieve (fulfill，implement)55.危害 endanger ( threaten; jeopardize)56.损害 undermine (impair，damage)57.阻碍 hinder (obstruct，impede)58.禁止 forbid (ban，prohibit)59.责备 blame( denounce，criticize)60.污染 pollute (contaminate，stain)61.腐蚀 erode(wear away，corrode)62.欺骗 deceive (cheat，defraud)63.冲突 conflict ( shock，tension)64.驱使 prompt (spur，incite)65.贪婪的 acquisitive(money-oriented，materialistic)66.自私的 self-centered (selfish，inconsiderate)67.体谅的 considerate (understanding，sympathetic)68.冷漠的 indifferent (apathetic，aloof)69.奢侈的 wasteful (luxurious，extravagant)70.残忍的 inhumane(brutal，barbaric)71.绝望的 hopeless(despairing，desperate)72.过分的 excessive (extravagant，exorbitant)73.激烈的 intense (fierce，vigorous)74.严厉的 stringent (rigorous，rigid)75.奇怪的 eccentric (odd，peculiar)76.难以置信的 unbelievable(incredulous，virtual)77.惊人的 extraordinary (marvelous，spectacular)78.有抱负的 ambitious(aggressive，aspirant)79.固有的 inherent(nature，innate)80.稳定的 steady (stable，constant)81.恶化 worsen (aggravate，deteriorate)82.夸大 exaggerate ( overstate)83.限制 restrain (constrain，confine)84.拆除 tear down(knock down，pull down)85.加速 accelerate (speed up，precipitate)86.占优势 predominate (dominate)87.分辨 distinguish (differentiate，discern)88.抵消 counteract (offset，cancel out)89.开展 launch (conduct，carry out)90.颁布 enact (enforce，promulgate )91.生活节奏 pace of life(rhythm of life，tempo of life)92.影响 influence(effect，impact)93.差异 difference (distinction，gap)94.交流 communicate(exchange，associate)95.接触 have access to (make contact with，keep in touch with)96.优先 give priority to (put…into first place)97.节约 economize ( conserve，cherish)98.参与 participate in ( take part in，engage in)99.措施 measure (step，action)100.注意 beware ( prevent，guard against)[文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!]。
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新托福写作需恰当用词朗阁托福考试研究中心不管我们是选择哪一项出国留学考试，新托福写作的评分标准和雅思写作的评分标准是基本相似的，并且在语言上的考察点也很高，但是自从托福考试改革成新托福考试后对一些考生来说加大了很大的难度，特别是在语言上一定要引起高度的重视。
词汇的重要性，很多学生甚至比老师都了解，但是还是没有足够的重视，不仅仅是词汇方面的积累，还包括遣词和造句两个方面。
这一系列中，朗阁托福考试研究中心写作组的专家将为大家介绍其中之一，如何达到遣词的高分。
遣词要做到恰当、有变化及具体表达I 恰当所谓恰当，除了拼写准确外，主要是体现在搭配恰当上。
例如，修饰名词的形容词和名词必须搭配恰当，动词和宾语必须搭配恰当。
此外，写作时不能完全依赖翻译，尤其是词不达意的翻译。
否则，很有可能出现了错误的搭配，导致考官无法理解，下面是朗阁托福考试研究中心总结的一些常见的搭配错误：1. prompt &promote不少考生没法区分两个词prompt（促使）和promote（促进）之间的区别。
我们通过两个句子来看一下。
错误用法：There are three factors that promote people to go abroad.正确用法：There are three factors that prompt people to go abroad.2. enrich & make … prosper有些学生将enrich理解为“使富裕”，虽然不能说全错，但是现在主要的意思是“使丰富”，如词组：enrich one’s experience。
错误用法：Factories, which enrich the remote areas for example, may also lead to environmental problems.正确用法：Factories which make the remote areas prosper, for example, may also lead to environmental problems.3. train & develop表示“培养，养成”等意思时，容易不假思索地使用train，但是正确的词汇是develop, cultivate, nurture等。
如：错误用法：The younger generations are hoped to train their independence as soon as possible.正确用法：The younger generations are hoped to develop their independence as soon as possible.II 有变化所谓有变化，就是指考生在写作中，一个词最好只出现一次，第二次或后几次出现时用其他的词来替换。
替换的方法有同义词，语法结构的变化，以及下义词等方法。
下面朗阁托福考试研究中心将为考生们一一讲解。
1. 同义词关于老年人的话题在新托福考试中曾经出现过，情况对“老年人”的多样表达：the elderly, the old, the aged, ageing population, the retired, senior citizens下面是新托福材料中，摘抄的两段话，非常形象的体现了一个词的多样表达，先看第一段，请大家注意“奇怪的”这个词在这一段话中的使用：Certainly no creature in the sea is odder than the common sea cucumber. All living creatures, especially human beings, have their peculiarities, but everything about the little sea cucumber seems unusual. What else can be said about a bizarre animal that, among other eccentricities, eats mud, feeds almost continuously day and night but can live without eating for long periods, and can be poisonous but is considered supremely edible by gourmets?又如，在下文中，四个词形式不同，但都是“显著的”意思。
In 1900, the United States had only three cities with more than a million residents---New York, Chicago, and Philadelphia. By 1930, it had ten giant metropolises. The newer ones experienced remarkable growth, which reflected basic changes in the economy. The population of Los Angeles(114000 in 1900) rose spectacularly in the early decades of the twentieth century, increasing a dramatic 1400 percent from 1900 to 1930. A number of circumstances contributed to the meteoric rise of Los Angeles.为了做到用词有变化，朗阁托福考试研究中心为大家列举了托福写作中最常用的一些词的同义表达：同意v: accede to, agree with/on, approve of, consent to, subscribe to, side with 认为v: consider, deem, figure, reckon, believe, think, say, hold, claim, assume, argue, maintain, contend, assert, state, declare影响n: impact, influence, effect, implication, affection因素n: factor, contributor, ingredient, element促进v: enhance, improve, promote, boost，advance, further培养v: cultivate, foster, develop, nurture重要的adj: important, critical, crucial, major, essential, vital, main, pivotal明显的adj: manifest, apparent, evident, obvious大量的adj: myriads of, a host of, a multitude of, a great deal of, a vast number of(+cn) , a vast amount of (+un), a plenty of, a wide range of, a greatvariety of2. 语法结构的变化语法的变化指的是，将一个词从语法结构上做一个变化来体现多样性，常见的有词性变化，从句和分词的转变等等。
请看下面的例子：energy consumption = energy which is consumed = energy consumedthe production of ozone-damaging gases= the amount of gases which are produced to damage the ozone layer3. 下义词所谓下义关系，亦称种属关系，就是指几个单词的词义属于另一个词的词义范畴。
充分利用下义关系是强化单词记忆的好方法，这在复习阶段尤其如此。
1). Color其下义词有：white, black, red, green, yellow, blue, brown, orange等；2). Subject的下义词有：maths, physics, chemistry, politics, Chinese, biology等；3). profession其下义词有：doctor, teacher, accountant, president, lawyer等；4). means of transportation其下义词有：car, bus, subway, bicycle, ship等。
以上介绍的三种方法对考生的同意转换能力提供参考。
III 具体表达中国学生对词汇的运用或观点的表达都喜欢用笼统的概括的表达方法，然而这和新托福的用词要求是不吻合的。
外国人在表示任何一个对象的时候都是非常具体的。
1). 笼统：This room is good.具体：The room is clean, spacious and well-decorated.第一句很空洞，说完后不会给人留下任何印象，是一句废话，然而第二句胜在具体，能够将房间具体好在哪些方面反映出来，这也是托福写作所要求的具体表达。
2). 笼统：It is said that a magnificent building was destroyed yesterday.具体：The local news says that the University Inn was burnt down last night.第一句的笼统在两个词，一是magnificent, 二是was destroyed, 如果将这个楼和被破坏的具体方式体现出来，会更生动形象。
（本文来自朗阁教育托福考试教研组，供广大考生学习使用，转载请注明出处）。