MrWang---MARKTWAIN
Mark Twain(英文简介)
Mark TwainMark Twain (1835 – 19l0) is a great literary giant of America, whom H. L. Mencken considered “the true father of our national literature.” With works like Adventure of Huckleberry Finn (1884) and Life on the Mississippi (1883) Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made a more extensive combination of American folk humor and serious literature than previous writers had ever done.1. Brief Introduction to the AuthorMark Twain, Pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, was born on November 30, 1835, in Missouri, and grew up in the river town of Hannibal. After his father died, he began to seek his own fortune .He once worked as a journeyman printer, a steamboat pilot, a newspaper colunist and as a deadpan lecturer. Twain’s writing took the form of humorous journalism of the time, and it ennabled him to master the technique of narration.Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which provided the setting for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. After an apprenticeship with a printer, he worked as a typesetter and contributed articles to his older brother Orion’s newspaper. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his singular lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. In 1865, his humorous story, “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” was published, based on a story he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp California where he had spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention, even being translated to classic Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.Though Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he invested in ventures that lost a great deal of money, notably the Paige Compositor, which failed because of its complexity and imprecision. In the wake of these financial setbacks he filed for protection from his creditors via a bankruptcy filing, and with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers eventually overcame his financial troubles. Twain chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, though he had no responsibility to do this under the law.Twain was born shortly after a visit by Halley’s Comet, and he predicted that he would “go out with it,” too. He died the day following the comet’s subsequent return. He was lauded as the “greatest American humorist of his age,” and William Faulkner called Twain “the father of American literature.”2. Mark Twain’s major worksIn l865, he pub1ished his frontier tale “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” which brought him recognition from a wider public. But his full literary career began to blossom in 1869 with a travel book Innocents Abroad, an account of American tourists in Europe which pokes fun at the pretentious, decadent and undemocratic Old World in a satirical tone. Mark Twain’s best works were produced when he was in the prime of his life. All these masterworks drew upon the scenes and emotions of his boyhood and youth. The first among these books is Roughing It (1872), in which Twain describes a journey that works its way farther west. Life on the Mississippi tells a story of his boyhood ambition to become a riverboat pilot. Two of the best books during this period are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn. The former is usually regarded as a classic book written for boys about their particular horrors and joys, while the latter, being a boy’s book specially written for the adults, is Twain’s most representative work, describing a journey down the Mississippi undertaken by two fugitives, Huck and Jim. Their episodic set of encounters presents a sample of the social world from the bank of the river that runs through the heart of the country.His social satire is The Gilded Age, written in collaboration with Charles Dudley Warner. The novel explored the scrupulous individualism in a world of fantastic speculation and unstable values, and gave its name to the get-rich-quick years of the post-Civil War era. Twain’s dark view of the society became more self-evident in the works published later in his life. In A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889), a parable of colonialization. A similar mood of despair permeates The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson (1894), which shows the disastrous effects of slavery on the victimizer and the victim alike and reveals to us a Mark Twain whose conscience as a white Southerner was tormented by fear and remorse. By the turn of the century, with the publication of The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg (l900) and The Mysterious Stranger (1916), the change in Mark Twain from an optimist to an almost despairing pessimist could be felt and his cynicism and disillusionment with what Twain referred to regularly as the “damned human race” became obvious.3. The Characteristics of Mark Twain’s Writing Style1) Twain as a local coloristTwain is also known as a local colorist, who preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions, including people living in that area, the landscape, and other peculiarities like the customs, dialects, costumes and so on. Consequently, the rich material of his boyhood experience on the Mississippi became the endless resources for his fiction, and the Mississippi valley and the West became his major theme. Unlike James and Howe1ls, Mark Twain wrote about the lower-class people, because they were the people he knew so we1l ancl their 1ife was the one he himself had lived. Moreover he successfully used local color and historical settings to i1lustrate and shed light on the contemporary society.2) His use of vernacularAnother fact that made Twain unique is his magic power with language, his use of vernacular. His words are col1oquial, concrete and direct in effect, and his sentence structures are simp1e, even ungrammatical, which is typical of the spoken 1anguage. And Twain skillfully used the colloquialism to cast his protagonists in their everyday life. What’s more, his characters, confined to a particular region and to a particular historical moment, speak with a strong accent, which is true of his 1ocal colorism. Besides, different characters from different literary or cultural backgrounds talk differently, as is the case with Huck, Tom, and Jim. Indeed, with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular, Twain has made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable 1iterary medium in the literary history of the country. His style of language was later taken up by his descendants, Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemingway, and influenced generations of letters.3) His humorMark Twain’s humor is remarkable, too. It is fun to read Twain to begin with, for most of his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall ta1es. By considering his experience as a newspaperman, MarkTwain shared the popu1ar image of the American funny man whose punning, facetious, irreverenl articles filled the newspapers, and a great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax, let alone tricks of travesty and invective. However, his humor is not only of witty remarks mocking at small things or of farcical elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism.4. Huckleberry Finn1) What is the book about?Huckleberry Finn, by general agreement, is Twain’s finest book and an outstanding American novel. Its narrator is Huck, a youngster whose carelessly recorded vernacular speech is admirably adapted to detailed and poetic description of scenes, vivid representations of characters, and narrative renditions that are both broadly comic and subtly ironic.Huck, son of the village drunkard, is uneducated, superstitious, and sometimes credulous; but he also has a native shrewdness, a cheerfulness that is hard to put down, compassionate tolerance, and an instinctive tendency to reach the right decisions about important matters. He runs away from his persecuting father and, with his companion, the runaway slave Jim, makes a long and frequently interrupted voyage floating down the Mississippi River on a raft. During the journey Huck meets and comes to know members of greatly varied groups, so that the book memorably portrays almost every class living on or along the river. Huck overcomes his initial prejudices and learns to respect and love Jim.The book’s pages are dotted with idyllic descriptions of the great river and the surrounding forests, and Huck’s exuberance and unconscious humor permeate the whole. But a thread that runs through adventure after adventure is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty. Children miss this theme, but adults who read the book with care cannot fail to be impressed by an attitude that was to become a reiterated theme of the author during his later years.2) The significance of the novelThe book marks the climax of Twain’s literary creativity. Hemingway once described the novel the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.” The book is significant in many ways. First of all, the novel is written in a language that is totally different from the rhetorical language used by Emerson, Poe, and Melville. It is not grand, pompous, but simple, direct, lucid, and faithful to the colloquial speech. This unpretentious style of colloquialism is best described as “vernacular”. Speaking in vernacular, a wild and uneducated Huck, running away from civilization for his freedom, is vividly brought to life. Secondly, the great strength of the book also comes from the shape given to it by the course of the raft’s journey down the Mississippi as Huck and Jim seek their different kinds of freedom. Twain, who knew the river intimately, uses it here both realistically and symbolically. Thirdly, the profound portrait of Huckleberry Finn is another great contribution of the book to the legacy of American literature. The novel begins with a description of how Widow Douglas attempts to civilize Huck and ends with him deciding not to let it happen again at the hands of Aunt Sally. The climax arises with Huck’s inner struggle on the Mississippi, when Huck is polarized by the two opposing forces between his heart and his head, between his affection for Jim and the laws of the society against those who help slaves escape.Huck’s final decision – to fo1low his own good – hearted moral impulse rather than conventional village morality – amounts to a vindication of what Mark Twain called” the damned human race,” damned for its comfortable hypocrisies, its thoroughgoing dishonesties, and its pervasive cruelties. With the eventual victory of his moral conscience over his social awareness, Huck grows.5. Selected ReadingAn Excerpt from Chapter 3l of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1) The storyThis novel begins with Huck under the motherly protection of the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. When his father comes to demand the boy’s fortune, Huck pretends that he has transferred the money to Judge Thather, so his father catches him and puts him into a lonely cabin. One night, after his father is drunken, Huck escapes to Jackson’s island and meets Miss Watson’s runaway slave, Jim. They start down the river on a raft. After several adventures, the raft is hit by a steamboat and the two are separated. Huck swims ashore and is saved by the Grangerford family, whose feud with the Sheperdsons causes bloodshed. Later, Huck discovers Jim and they set down again, giving refuge to a gang of frauds: the “Duke” and “King,” whose dramatic performances culminate in the fraudulent exhibition of the “Royal Nonesuch.” Huck also witnesses the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard by an Arkansas aristocrat on the shore. When he finds that some rogues intend to claim legacies as Peter Wilks’s brother, Huck interferes on behalf of the three daughters, and the scheme is failed by the arrival of the real brothers. Then he discovers that the “King” has sold Jim to Mrs. Phelps, Tom Sawyer’s Aunt Sally. At the Phelps farm, Huck and Tom try to rescue Jim. In the rescue, Tom is accidentally shot and Jim is recaptured. Later, Tom reveals that the rescue is necessary only because he “wanted the adventures of it.” It is also disclosed at the end of the novel that Huck’s father has died, so Huck’s fortune is safe.2) The novel’s theme, characterization of “Huck” and the novel’s social significanceTheme: The novel is a vindication of what Mark Twain called “the damned human race.” That is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty, hypocrisies, dishonesties, and moral corruptions. Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is best known for Mark Twain’s wonderful characterization of “Huck,” a typical American boy whom its creator described as a boy with “a sound heart and a deformed conscience,” and remarkable for the raft’s journey down the Mississippi river, which Twain used both realistically and symbolically to shape his book into an organic whole. Through the eyes of Huck, the innocent and reluctant rebel, we see the pre-Civil War American society fully exposed and at the same time we are deeply impressed by Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.3) The selected chapterHuck and Jim are with the frauds. They decide to leave them in their raft when Huck learns that Jim is sold by the “King” to Mrs. Phelps. There is a very important description here of Huck’s inner conflict about whether or not he should write a letter to tell Miss Watsom where Jim is. Huck’s internal conflict between his sound heart and deformed conscience is obvious: On one hand, he feels that he ought to help return Jim to his owner, Miss Watson. On the other hand, his friendship for Jim makes such a course of action difficult for him. Huck instinctively knows theright thing to do. But his conscience dictates the conventional morality of the South. The whole episode is a subtle yet powerful condemnation of the society that makes Huck feel that he will go to hell for doing what his very instinct knows to be the right thing to do. Huck’s moral dilemma is brought about by a corrupt society that has institutionalized slavery.。
马克吐温mark Twain英文简介
Twain was popular, and his wit and satire earned praise from critics and peers. Upon his death he was lauded as the "greatest American humorist of his age"，and William Faulkner called Twain "the father of American literature".
镑
❖ 1899 The Man That Corrupted Hadleyburg 败坏了哈德莱堡的人
A Brief Assessment
Helen Keller : I have been in Eden three days and I saw a king .I knew he was a king when I touched him though I had never touched a king before.
❖Mark Twain's names ❖Mark Twain's life ❖Mark Twain's works ❖Assessment ❖Mark Twain's famous words
Mark Twain's names
马克吐温简介
Mark-Twain马克吐温英文介绍
•From 1857 to 1861,Twain worked as a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River. This occupation gave him his pen name, Mark Twain.
•On Mississippi riverboats, two fathoms, a depth indicating safe water for passage of boat, was measured on the sounding line.
• Some critics link these tragic events with the change of style in his later works, from an optimist and humorist to an almost despairing determinist.
Other works
Writing Characteristics of Mark Twain
• • • • Early stage: Active & humor Mid-term: Satire（讽刺） like a sharp weapon Later period-Pessimistic & desperate He used a lot of colloquial idioms（俚语 ） and colloquial syntax（口语）and made his writing full of allegories（寓言 ） that lay behind the humor.
Pictures from
• the failure of his investments, • his fatiguing travels and lectures in order to pay off his debts, • the death of his wife and two daughters • the darkening social life
mark twain 生平简介英文
mark twain 生平简介英文马克;吐温，美国作家、演说家，美国批判现实主义文学的奠基人，下面是给大家整理的mark twain 生平简介英文，供大家参阅!mark twain 简介Mark Twain, American writer, orator, the real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens. "Mark Twain" is his pen name, which was originally used by the Mississippi sailors to indicate the depth of water measured on the fairway. Representative works are novels "million pounds", "Huckleberry Fein adventure", "Tom Sawyer Adventures" and so on.Mark Twain at the age of 12, his father died, he had to stop, to the factory as a small worker Later he changed a lot of occupation, had done the Mississippi River navigator, miners and journalists work. Gradually began to write some interesting pieces, began his own writing career. He died on April 21, 1910, and was buried in Emma, New York.Mark Twain wrote a large number of works, themes related to novels, scripts, prose, poetry and other aspects. From the content, his works criticize the irrational phenomenon or the ugliness of human nature, expressed theright of the workers and sailors who have a strong sense of justice and the concern of ordinary people; from the style that the experts And the average reader thinks that humor and satire are his writing features. He experienced the United States from the initial capitalist to the development of imperialism, its ideas and creation also showed from the joking to the spicy satire and then pessimistic stage of development, early to spicy irony, to the late language is more exposed TheMark Twain is the founder of American critique of realism literature, and his main works have mostly Chinese translations. In 2006, Mark Twain was rated by the authoritative journal of the United States, "Atlantic Monthly" as the impact of the United States 100 characters 16mark twain 人物经历November 30, 1835, Mark Twain was born in the United States, Missouri, Florida, rural poor lawyers family. He is the sixth of seven children in the family. His father is a local lawyer, income is meager, family constraints. Mark Twain had to work while attending school. He died at the age of eleven years, and from then on he began an independent labor life, first in the printing plant as an apprentice, served asdispatchers and typists, and later on the Mississippi River as a sailor and helmsman.In the autumn of 1839, Mark Twain moved to a port of the Mississippi River in Hannibal, Missouri, which became his later book "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" and "The Curse of Juveniles" St. Petersburg city inspired. At that time, Missouri was the federal slave state, and the young Twain began to understand slavery, which became the subject of his later adventures. Mark Twain is a color blind, which aroused his humorous jokes in social circles.March 24, 1847 Mark Twain's father John Clemens died of pneumonia. In 1847, the family of the young Mark Twain began to do the printing apprentice, newsboy, typist workers, sailors, gold rush workers, journalists and so on.In 1851, Mark Twain became a typist worker, and also contributed, and began to his brother Oliver founded the "Hannibal magazine" (Hannibal Journal) to write a draft.May 1, 1852 in Boston's humorous weekly "handbag" published his debut "the colonists surprised the playboy."In 1858, Mark Twain returned to Missouri. In the nextMississippi River to New Orleans on the road, the ship's navigator "Bisi than" to Twain life as a ship navigator.In 1861 Oulai Si was sent by President Lincoln to the Western Nevada government as secretary, he went with, trying to operate in the wood industry and mining wealth, are unsuccessful, then turn to write articles for a living. 1862 worked in a newspaper in the city of Virginia in Nevada.In 1863, began using the "Mark Twain" pen name.In 1864, in San Francisco met humor writer Ah Ward and novelist Bu Hart, get their encouragement and help, improve the writing skills.1865 in a New York magazine published a humorous story "Caravelas County famous jump frog", so that he is famous throughout the country. Afterwards often write humorous articles for the press.1866 to Hawaii Island interview.In 1867, a local newspaper provided a boat trip to the Mediterranean region. During his journey to Europe and the Middle East, he wrote a series of famous travel letters "fool travels" that were collected in 1869. In themeantime, he met Charles Langdon and saw the picture of Langdon sister Olivia Langdon, and Twain loved her at first sight.In 1870 Mark Twain married New York a daughter of the capitalist, Olivia Langdon. Married living in Buffalo, their own editor issued "Express", a year after the loss of money due to excessive transfer.Published in 1872 "hard years" a book, reflecting his new development in the western region of the life experience, which recorded some anecdotes, especially the rich characteristics of the western United States humorous story.In 1873 he and Charles Werner co-wrote the "gold-plated era", is his first novel.In 1871 Mark Twain moved his family to Hartford, Connecticut, where he became a famous writer and a humorous speaker. After a few years is his harvest of the harvest era.In 1875 Mark Twain wrote about William Dean Howells, author of the Atlantic Monthly. He wrote seven articles in the early years on the Mississippi River as the subject of the helmsman, and wrote a book, "The Past of theMississippi River." Eight years later, he returned to his hometown, expanding the book into the "Mississippi River" (1883).In 1876, the novel "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" was published. Although it is a small town on the Mississippi River as a background of the juvenile reading, but for any age readers love. The book of naughty Tom and his partner Huckleberry Finn and Tom's girlfriend Baker's Thatcher's many stories, many of the author's personal experience, there are many children's psychological interesting plot.In 1876 Mark Twain's other important novel, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, began writing in 1884. This novel has been highly praised by critics, by domestic and foreign readersOf the welcome, but also continue to be banned.In 1889 Mark Twain published the "Connecticut American Americans" on the "King Arthur's court," and the "prince and the poor" (1881) were satirical feudal and religious novels based on the British as the background.In 1894, Mark Twain wrote "The Fool Wilson",which shaped the image of a struggling female niggarox. Before and after this family, his family was unfortunate: two daughters died of illness, his wife's health also deteriorated; he invested in the manufacture of automatic typewriter failure and bankruptcy. In order to pay off his debts, he traveled to Hawaii, New Zealand, Australia, India and South America.1896 published "Joan of Arc", it describes the 15th century French national hero hero Joan of Arc's life.1897 was written as "equatorial travel", which satirizes and condemns the imperialist oppression of the colonial people, against imperialism as the central idea of his subsequent creation.In 1898 Mark Twain paid off all the debts.In October 1900, after nearly ten years of leaving the United States living in Europe, he and his family returned to the United States, warmly welcomed and became the leader of the literary and art circles.After 1900, many of the works published, the edge has not yet cut.In 1904, his wife died in Italy. Mark Twain entered the final stage of the career. His early works such as "TheAdventures of Huckleberry Finn" have already expressed pessimism about "mankind" (indeed for the proletariat), and at this time became the subject of some of his works. (1906), the story of "mysterious visitor" (1916) and so on are reflected in the novella "Destroyed Hadley Fort" (1900), prose "how is it?" The most important work of his later years is his dictation, by his secretary transcribed "autobiography".April 21, 1910 Mark Twainin died of narrow heart disease.mark twain 生平简介英文。
马克吐温简介
As long as had ignorance and self-confidence, you can succeed by all means. 只要具备了无知和自信，你就必然能成功。
Mark Twain is not only a expert who good at telling jokes, but also expert in writing the society and the people.
Don‘t give up your imagination.When the imagination had no after, you can also exist, but although you living dead still. 不要放弃你的幻想。当幻想没有了以后，你还可以生存，但是你虽生犹 死。
Mark Twain (1835 -1910)
◆Mark Twain was a great American writer, and he was also a famous speaker.
His Marriage
At 34 years old he married Olivia Langdon Clemens, daughter of a New York coal magnate, a member of the country’s wealthy elite. She would be partner, editor, and fellow traveler in success and failure for the next thirtyfive years.
MarkTwain英文简介生平介绍作品简介
Early life experience
◆ Born in a little town in Mississippi ◆ At 11, he lost his father ◆ At 13, he stopped schooling ◆ Tramp printer ◆ Steamboat pilot on the Mississippi ◆ Confederate guerrilla ◆ Prospector ◆ Reporter on the far western frontier ◆ Traveler abroad
Mark Twain (1835 -1910)
◆ Mark Twain was a great American writer, and he was also a famous speaker.
◆ Samuel Langhorne Clemens (Mark Twain) was born in Florida and he was not a healthy baby. In fact, he was not expected to live through the first winter. But with his mother's tender care, he managed to survive. As a boy, he caused much trouble for his parents. He used to play jokes on all of his friends and neighbors. He didn't like to go to school, and he constantly ran away from home.
Mark-Twain英文简介生平介绍作品简介[1]
![Mark-Twain英文简介生平介绍作品简介[1]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/c202d3fb524de518964b7df4.png)
a texture of most local color literature，a kink of humor
tall tales (highly exaggerated)
Mark Twain’s Writing Features
◆ 2. Literature is an art of language. Mark Twain’s language is artistic and like a sharp weapon without doubt. Mark Twain is famous for his humor and satire. ◆ He used the artistic style of hyperbole（夸张法 ）on the basis of the western traditional humor and made his writing full of allegories that lay behind the humor.
In Middle Ages
By 1900 Twain had become America’s foremost celebrity. He was invited to attend ship launchings, anniversary gatherings, political conventions, and countless dinners. Reporters met him at every port of call, anxious to print a new quip from the famous humorist. To enhance his image, he took to wearing white suits and loved to stroll down the street and see people staring at him.
马克吐温作者简介及作品英语作文
马克吐温作者简介及作品英语作文Mark Twain: The Wonderful Writer and His Amazing AdventuresHave you ever read a really funny book that made you laugh out loud? If so, it was probably written by the one and only Mark Twain! Mark Twain was a famous American writer who lived a long time ago. He wrote some of the most beloved books and stories of all time. His real name was actually Samuel Langhorne Clemens, but he used the pen name "Mark Twain" for his writings. Let me tell you all about this incredible author and his exciting life!Mark Twain was born in 1835 in a small town called Florida, Missouri. When he was just four years old, his family moved to the town of Hannibal on the Mississippi River. Hannibal is where Mark Twain grew up and had many adventures as a young boy. He loved exploring the woods, going fishing, and getting into mischief with his friends. The games and pranks he played in Hannibal ended up inspiring some of the stories he wrote later on.After graduating from elementary school, Twain had to start working for a living. He tried his hand at many different jobs likea printer, a riverboat pilot, a miner, and even a journalist. But he eventually discovered his true calling - writing! Twain began sharing hilarious stories about his childhood escapades and the interesting people he met. His tales were so amusing and clever that he quickly became a famous writer.Twain's most popular books were the "Adventures of Tom Sawyer" and its sequel, "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn." The first book is about a mischievous boy named Tom who gets into all kinds of crazy situations in his hometown on the Mississippi River. The second book follows Tom's friend Huckleberry Finn as he escapes from his abusive father and sails down the river on a raft with a runaway slave named Jim. Both of these novels are considered American classics and they are still read by kids and adults all over the world today!In addition to those two masterpieces, Twain wrote dozens of other brilliant books, stories, and essays. Some of his most famous works include "The Prince and the Pauper," "A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court," "The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County," and "Life on the Mississippi." His writings covered many different genres like historical fiction, travel books, short stories, and social commentary. No matter what he wrote about, Twain always included his trademarkhumor and wit. His books were not only hilarious, but they also taught important lessons about human nature, freedom, and having a moral conscience.When he wasn't busy writing his next great novel, Mark Twain spent lots of time traveling around the world. He journeyed to places like Europe, the Middle East, and Hawaii. Wherever he went, he soaked up the local culture and customs like a sponge. He carefully observed everything around him and then vividly described his experiences through his writings. Reading Mark Twain's books was like taking an exciting adventure without even leaving home!Despite his widespread acclaim and success, Mark Twain faced many hardships and struggles throughout his lifetime. He went through periods of bankruptcy, faced critics who brutally mocked his work, and even tragically lost several of his children and his wife to illness. But through it all, Twain never lost his optimism and sense of humor. He continued sharing laughter and wisdom with the world until the very end.Mark Twain passed away in 1910 at his home in Connecticut at the age of 74. By that time, he had become a literary icon and a household name across America and the globe. He left behind a brilliant collection of stories, novels, and writings that haveentertained millions of readers over many generations. More than a century later, Twain's books are still widely read, analyzed in school classrooms, and adapted into movies and plays. Wherever stories are told and words are written, the spirit of Mark Twain lives on.So if you've never experienced the magic of Mark Twain's imaginative tales, I highly recommend picking up one of his books. His clever humor and vivid storytelling are sure to captivate your imagination and leave you grinning from ear to ear. After all, as Twain once wisely said, "Against the assault of laughter, nothing can stand." Let the amazing adventures of America's favorite author fill your heart with joy, laughter, and a lifelong love of reading!。
Mark Twain英文简介
Mark TwainMark Twain (1835 – 19l0) is a great literary giant of America, whom H. L. Mencken considered “the true father of our national literature.” With works like Adventure of Huckleberry Finn (1884) and Life on the Mississippi (1883) Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made a more extensive combination of American folk humor and serious literature than previous writers had ever done.1. Brief Introduction to the AuthorMark Twain, Pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, was born on November 30, 1835, in Missouri, and grew up in the river town of Hannibal. After his father died, he began to seek his own fortune .He once worked as a journeyman printer, a steamboat pilot, a newspaper colunist and as a deadpan lecturer. Twain’s writing took the form of humorous journalism of the time, and it ennabled him to master the technique of narration.Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which provided the setting for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. After an apprenticeship with a printer, he worked as a typesetter and contributed articles to his older brother Orion’s newspaper. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his singular lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. In 1865, his humorous story, “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” was published, based on a story he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp California where he had spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention, even being translated to classic Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.Though Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he invested in ventures that lost a great deal of money, notably the Paige Compositor, which failed because of its complexity and imprecision. In the wake of these financial setbacks he filed for protection from his creditors via a bankruptcy filing, and with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers eventually overcame his financial troubles. Twain chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, though he had no responsibility to do this under the law.Twain was born shortly after a visit by Halley’s Comet, and he predicted that he would “go out with it,” too. He died the day following the comet’s subsequent return. He was lauded as the “greatest American humorist of his age,” and William Faulkner called Twain “the father of American literature.”2. Mark Twain’s major worksIn l865, he pub1ished his frontier tale “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” which brought him recognition from a wider public. But his full literary career began to blossom in 1869 with a travel book Innocents Abroad, an account of American tourists in Europe which pokes fun at the pretentious, decadent and undemocratic Old World in a satirical tone. Mark Twain’s best works were produced when he was in the prime of his life. All these masterworks drew upon the scenes and emotions of his boyhood and youth. The first among these books is Roughing It (1872), in which Twain describes a journey that works its way farther west. Life on the Mississippi tells a story of his boyhood ambition to become a riverboat pilot. Two of the best books during this period are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and Adventures ofHuckleberry Finn. The former is usually regarded as a classic book written for boys about their particular horrors and joys, while the latter, being a boy’s book specially written for the adults, is Twain’s most representative work, describing a journey down the Mississippi undertaken by two fugitives, Huck and Jim. Their episodic set of encounters presents a sample of the social world from the bank of the river that runs through the heart of the country.His social satire is The Gilded Age, written in collaboration with Charles Dudley Warner. The novel explored the scrupulous individualism in a world of fantastic speculation and unstable values, and gave its name to the get-rich-quick years of the post-Civil War era. Twain’s dark view of the society became more self-evident in the works published later in his life. In A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889), a parable of colonialization. A similar mood of despair permeates The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson (1894), which shows the disastrous effects of slavery on the victimizer and the victim alike and reveals to us a Mark Twain whose conscience as a white Southerner was tormented by fear and remorse. By the turn of the century, with the publication of The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg (l900) and The Mysterious Stranger (1916), the change in Mark Twain from an optimist to an almost despairing pessimist could be felt and his cynicism and disillusionment with what Twain referred to regularly as the “damned human race” became obvious.3. The Characteristics of Mark Twain’s Writing Style1) Twain as a local coloristTwain is also known as a local colorist, who preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions, including people living in that area, the landscape, and other peculiarities like the customs, dialects, costumes and so on. Consequently, the rich material of his boyhood experience on the Mississippi became the endless resources for his fiction, and the Mississippi valley and the West became his major theme. Unlike James and Howe1ls, Mark Twain wrote about the lower-class people, because they were the people he knew so we1l ancl their 1ife was the one he himself had lived. Moreover he successfully used local color and historical settings to i1lustrate and shed light on the contemporary society.2) His use of vernacularAnother fact that made Twain unique is his magic power with language, his use of vernacular. His words are col1oquial, concrete and direct in effect, and his sentence structures are simp1e, even ungrammatical, which is typical of the spoken 1anguage. And Twain skillfully used the colloquialism to cast his protagonists in their everyday life. What’s more, his characters, confined to a particular region and to a particular historical moment, speak with a strong accent, which is true of his 1ocal colorism. Besides, different characters from different literary or cultural backgrounds talk differently, as is the case with Huck, Tom, and Jim. Indeed, with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular, Twain has made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable 1iterary medium in the literary history of the country. His style of language was later taken up by his descendants, Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemingway, and influenced generations of letters.3) His humorMark Twain’s humor is remarkable, too. It is fun to read Twain to begin with, for most of his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall ta1es. By considering his experience as a newspaperman, MarkTwain shared the popu1ar image of the American funny man whose punning, facetious, irreverenl articles filled the newspapers, and a great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax, let alone tricks of travesty and invective. However, his humor is not only of witty remarks mocking at small things or of farcical elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism.4. Huckleberry Finn1) What is the book about?Huckleberry Finn, by general agreement, is Twain’s finest book and an outstanding American novel. Its narrator is Huck, a youngster whose carelessly recorded vernacular speech is admirably adapted to detailed and poetic description of scenes, vivid representations of characters, and narrative renditions that are both broadly comic and subtly ironic.Huck, son of the village drunkard, is uneducated, superstitious, and sometimes credulous; but he also has a native shrewdness, a cheerfulness that is hard to put down, compassionate tolerance, and an instinctive tendency to reach the right decisions about important matters. He runs away from his persecuting father and, with his companion, the runaway slave Jim, makes a long and frequently interrupted voyage floating down the Mississippi River on a raft. During the journey Huck meets and comes to know members of greatly varied groups, so that the book memorably portrays almost every class living on or along the river. Huck overcomes his initial prejudices and learns to respect and love Jim.The book’s pages are dotted with idyllic descriptions of the great river and the surrounding forests, and Huck’s exuberance and unconscious humor permeate the whole. But a thread that runs through adventure after adventure is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty. Children miss this theme, but adults who read the book with care cannot fail to be impressed by an attitude that was to become a reiterated theme of the author during his later years.2) The significance of the novelThe book marks the climax of Twain’s literary creativity. Hemingway once described the novel the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.” The book is significant in many ways. First of all, the novel is written in a language that is totally different from the rhetorical language used by Emerson, Poe, and Melville. It is not grand, pompous, but simple, direct, lucid, and faithful to the colloquial speech. This unpretentious style of colloquialism is best described as “vernacular”. Speaking in vernacular, a wild and uneducated Huck, running away from civilization for his freedom, is vividly brought to life. Secondly, the great strength of the book also comes from the shape given to it by the course of the raft’s journey down the Mississippi as Huck and Jim seek their different kinds of freedom. Twain, who knew the river intimately, uses it here both realistically and symbolically. Thirdly, the profound portrait of Huckleberry Finn is another great contribution of the book to the legacy of American literature. The novel begins with a description of how Widow Douglas attempts to civilize Huck and ends with him deciding not to let it happen again at the hands of Aunt Sally. The climax arises with Huck’s inner struggle on the Mississippi, when Huck is polarized by the two opposing forces between his heart and his head, between his affection for Jim and the laws of the society against those who help slaves escape.Huck’s final decision – to fo1low his own good – hearted moral impulse rather than conventional village morality – amounts to a vindication of what Mark Twain called” the damned human race,” damned for its comfortable hypocrisies, its thoroughgoing dishonesties, and its pervasive cruelties. With the eventual victory of his moral conscience over his social awareness, Huck grows.5. Selected ReadingAn Excerpt from Chapter 3l of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1) The storyThis novel begins with Huck under the motherly protection of the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. When his father comes to demand the boy’s fortune, Huck pretends that he has transferred the money to Judge Thather, so his father catches him and puts him into a lonely cabin. One night, after his father is drunken, Huck escapes to Jackson’s island and meets Miss Watson’s runaway slave, Jim. They start down the river on a raft. After several adventures, the raft is hit by a steamboat and the two are separated. Huck swims ashore and is saved by the Grangerford family, whose feud with the Sheperdsons causes bloodshed. Later, Huck discovers Jim and they set down again, giving refuge to a gang of frauds: the “Duke” and “King,” whose dramatic performances culminate in the fraudulent exhibition of the “Royal Nonesuch.” Huck also witnesses the lynching and murder of a harmless drunkard by an Arkansas aristocrat on the shore. When he finds that some rogues intend to claim legacies as Peter Wilks’s brother, Huck interferes on behalf of the three daughters, and the scheme is failed by the arrival of the real brothers. Then he discovers that the “King” has sold Jim to Mrs. Phelps, Tom Sawyer’s Aunt Sally. At the Phelps farm, Huck and Tom try to rescue Jim. In the rescue, Tom is accidentally shot and Jim is recaptured. Later, Tom reveals that the rescue is necessary only because he “wanted the adventures of it.” It is also disclosed at the end of the novel that Huck’s father has died, so Huck’s fortune is safe.2) The novel’s theme, characterization of “Huck” and the novel’s social significanceTheme: The novel is a vindication of what Mark Twain called “the damned human race.” That is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty, hypocrisies, dishonesties, and moral corruptions. Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is best known for Mark Twain’s wonderful characterization of “Huck,” a typical American boy whom its creator described as a boy with “a sound heart and a deformed conscience,” and remarkable for the raft’s journey down the Mississippi river, which Twain used both realistically and symbolically to shape his book into an organic whole. Through the eyes of Huck, the innocent and reluctant rebel, we see the pre-Civil War American society fully exposed and at the same time we are deeply impressed by Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.3) The selected chapterHuck and Jim are with the frauds. They decide to leave them in their raft when Huck learns that Jim is sold by the “King” to Mrs. Phelps. There is a very important description here of Huck’s inner conflict about whether or not he should write a letter to tell Miss Watsom where Jim is. Huck’s internal conflict between his sound heart and deformed conscience is obvious: On one hand, he feels that he ought to help return Jim to his owner, Miss Watson. On the other hand, his friendship for Jim makes such a course of action difficult for him. Huck instinctively knows theright thing to do. But his conscience dictates the conventional morality of the South. The whole episode is a subtle yet powerful condemnation of the society that makes Huck feel that he will go to hell for doing what his very instinct knows to be the right thing to do. Huck’s moral dilemma is brought about by a corrupt society that has institutionalized slavery.。
我最喜欢的作家马克吐温的英语作文
我最喜欢的作家马克吐温的英语作文Title: My Favorite Writer, Mark TwainEnglish Essay:Mark Twain, one of the most renowned American writers, has always been my favorite author. His unique writing style, wit, and humor have captivated me and inspired me to explore the world of literature.Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens in 1835 in Missouri, USA. He began his writing career as a journalist and humorist, using the pen name Mark Twain. His most famous works include "The Adventures of Tom Sawyer" and "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn," which are considered classics of American literature.One of the reasons I admire Mark Twain is his ability to combine humor with social commentary. His writing is not only entertaining but also thought-provoking, challenging readers to reflect on society's issues and injustices. For example, in "The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn," he addresses the themes of racism and slavery, portraying the complexity of human nature and the struggle for freedom.Moreover, Mark Twain's writing style is incredibly engaging. He uses vivid descriptions, colorful characters, and dialoguethat brings his stories to life. His use of dialect and regional expressions adds depth to his characters, making them seem more real and relatable.In addition to his literary achievements, Mark Twain was also a prominent figure in public speaking. He was known for his sharp wit and humorous anecdotes, which entertained audiences and left a lasting impression. His lectures and speeches often touched on social and political issues, using humor to expose the absurdities and hypocrisies of society.In conclusion, Mark Twain is my favorite writer because of his ability to combine humor, wit, and social commentary. His writing has not only entertained me but also made me think critically about the world around me. I admire his unique style and his commitment to using literature to address important issues. Mark Twain's legacy continues to inspire and influence writers and readers around the world.中文翻译：马克·吐温，美国最著名的作家之一，一直是我最喜欢的作者。
MarkTwain马克吐温英文介绍
Instead of thinking about the irrational, the imaginative, realists touched upon social and political realities and pressures in the postCivil War society. Three dominant figures are William Dean Howells, Mark Twain, and Henry James.
Age: 18----worked as a printer in New York City (joined the printers union, and educated himself in public libraries in the evenings, finding wider information than at a conventional school)
MARK TWAIN
----The true father of American national literature ----Mirror of America
THE AGE OF REALISM
How to define the Realistic Period in America n literary history?
BRIEF INTRODUCTION
Pen name :Mark Twain Real name :Samuel Langhorne Clemens Birthday : November 30, 1835 Date of death : April 21 , 1910 status: an American author , humorist and orator Achievement: The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and its sequel, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn （ the latter often called “The Great American Novel”. ） Rank : “The true father of American national literature.” ”The greatest American humorist of his age”
Mark-Twain(英文简介)上课讲义
M a r k-T w a i n(英文简介)Mark TwainMark Twain (1835 – 19l0) is a great literary giant of America, whom H. L. Mencken considered “the true father of our national literature.” With works like Adventure of Huckleberry Finn (1884) and Life on the Mississippi (1883) Twain shaped the world’s view of America and made a more extensive combination of American folk humor and serious literature than previous writers had ever done.1. Brief Introduction to the AuthorMark Twain, Pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, was born on November 30, 1835, in Missouri, and grew up in the river town of Hannibal. After his father died, he began to seek his own fortune .He once worked as a journeyman printer, a steamboat pilot, a newspaper colunist and as a deadpan lecturer. Twain’s writing took the form of humorous journalism of the time, and it ennabled him to master the technique of narration.Twain grew up in Hannibal, Missouri, which provided the setting for Huckleberry Finn and Tom Sawyer. After an apprenticeship with a printer, he worked as a typesetter and c ontributed articles to his older brother Orion’s newspaper. He later became a riverboat pilot on the Mississippi River before heading west to join Orion in Nevada. He referred humorously to his singular lack of success at mining, turning to journalism for the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise. In 1865, his humorous story, “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County” was published, based on a story he heard at Angels Hotel in Angels Camp California where he had spent some time as a miner. The short story brought international attention, even being translated to classic Greek. His wit and satire, in prose and in speech, earned praise from critics and peers, and he was a friend to presidents, artists, industrialists, and European royalty.Though Twain earned a great deal of money from his writings and lectures, he invested in ventures that lost a great deal of money, notably the Paige Compositor, which failed because of its complexity and imprecision. In the wake of these financial setbacks he filed for protection from his creditors via a bankruptcy filing, and with the help of Henry Huttleston Rogers eventually overcame his financial troubles. Twain chose to pay all his pre-bankruptcy creditors in full, though he had no responsibility to do this under the law.Twain was born shortly after a visit by Halley’s Comet, and he predicted that he would “go out with it,” too. He died the day following the comet’s subsequent return. He was lauded as the “greatest American humorist of his age,” and William Faulkner called Twain “the father of American literature.”2. Mark Twain’s major worksIn l865, he pub1ished his frontier tale “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County,” which brought him recognition from a wider public. But his full literary career began to blossom in 1869 with a travel book Innocents Abroad, an account of American tourists in Europe which pokes fun at the pretentious, decadent and undemocratic Old World in a satirical tone. Mark Twain’s best works wereproduced when he was in the prime of his life. All these masterworks drew upon the scenes and emotions of his boyhood and youth. The first among these books is Roughing It (1872), in which Twain describes a journey that works its way farther west. Life on the Mississippi tells a story of his boyhood ambition to become a riverboat pilot. Two of the best books during this period are The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (1876) and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The former is usually regarded as a classic book written for boys about their particular horrors and joys, while the latter, being a boy’s book specially written for the adults, is Twain’s most representative work, describing a journey down the Mississippi undertaken by two fugitives, Huck and Jim. Their episodic set of encounters presents a sample of the social world from the bank of the river that runs through the heart of the country.His social satire is The Gilded Age, written in collaboration with Charles Dudley Warner. The novel explored the scrupulous individualism in a world of fantastic speculation and unstable values, and gave its name to the get-rich-quick years of the post-Civil War era. Twain’s dark view of the society became more self-evident in the works published later in his life. In A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur’s Court (1889), a parable of colonialization. A similar mood of despair permeates The Tragedy of Pudd’nhead Wilson (1894), which shows the disastrous effects of slavery on the victimizer and the victim alike and reveals to us a Mark Twain whose conscience as a white Southerner was tormented by fear and remorse. By the turn of the century, with the publication of The Man that Corrupted Hadleyburg (l900) and The Mysterious Stranger (1916), the change in Mark Twain from an optimist to an almost despairing pessimist could be felt and his cynicism and disillusionment with what Twain referred to regularly as the “damned human race” became obvious.3. The Characteristics of Mark Twain’s Writing Style1) Twain as a local coloristTwain is also known as a local colorist, who preferred to present social life through portraits of the local characters of his regions, including people living in that area, the landscape, and other peculiarities like the customs, dialects, costumes and so on. Consequently, the rich material of his boyhood experience on the Mississippi became the endless resources for his fiction, and the Mississippi valley and the West became his major theme. Unlike James and Howe1ls, Mark Twain wrote about the lower-class people, because they were the people he knew so we1l ancl their 1ife was the one he himself had lived. Moreover he successfully used local color and historical settings to i1lustrate and shed light on the contemporary society.2) His use of vernacularAnother fact that made Twain unique is his magic power with language, his use of vernacular. His words are col1oquial, concrete and direct in effect, and his sentence structures are simp1e, even ungrammatical, which is typical of the spoken 1anguage. And Twain skillfully used the colloquialism to cast his protagonists in their everyday life. What’s more, his characters, confined to a particular region and to a particular historical moment, speak with a strong accent, which is true of his 1ocal colorism. Besides, different characters from different literary or cultural backgrounds talkdifferently, as is the case with Huck, Tom, and Jim. Indeed, with his great mastery and effective use of vernacular, Twain has made colloquial speech an accepted, respectable 1iterary medium in the literary history of the country. His style of language was later taken up by his descendants, Sherwood Anderson and Ernest Hemingway, and influenced generations of letters.3) His humorMark Twain’s humor is remarkable, too. It is fun to read Twain to begin with, for most of his works tend to be funny, containing some practical jokes, comic details, witty remarks, etc., and some of them are actually tall ta1es. By considering his experience as a newspaperman, Mark Twain shared the popu1ar image of the American funny man whose punning, facetious, irreverenl articles filled the newspapers, and a great deal of his humor is characterized by puns, straight-faced exaggeration, repetition, and anti-climax, let alone tricks of travesty and invective. However, his humor is not only of witty remarks mocking at small things or of farcical elements making people laugh, but a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice and satirize the decayed romanticism.4. Huckleberry Finn1) What is the book about?Huckleberry Finn, by general agreement, is Twain’s finest book and an outstanding American novel. Its narrator is Huck, a youngster whose carelessly recorded vernacular speech is admirably adapted to detailed and poetic description of scenes, vivid representations of characters, and narrative renditions that are both broadly comic and subtly ironic.Huck, son of the village drunkard, is uneducated, superstitious, and sometimes credulous; but he also has a native shrewdness, a cheerfulness that is hard to put down, compassionate tolerance, and an instinctive tendency to reach the right decisions about important matters. He runs away from his persecuting father and, with his companion, the runaway slave Jim, makes a long and frequently interrupted voyage floating down the Mississippi River on a raft. During the journey Huck meets and comes to know members of greatly varied groups, so that the book memorably portrays almost every class living on or along the river. Huck overcomes his initial prejudices and learns to respect and love Jim.The book’s pages are dotted with idyllic descriptions of the great river and the surrounding forests, and Huck’s exuberance and unconscious humor permeate the whole. But a thread that runs through adventure after adventu re is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty. Children miss this theme, but adults who read the book with care cannot fail to be impressed by an attitude that was to become a reiterated theme of the author during his later years.2) The significance of the novelThe book marks the climax of Twain’s literary creativity. Hemingway once described the novel the one book from which “all modern American literature comes.” The book is significant in many ways. First of all, the novel is written in alanguage that is totally different from the rhetorical language used by Emerson, Poe, and Melville. It is not grand, pompous, but simple, direct, lucid, and faithful to the colloquial speech. This unpretentious style of colloquialism is best described as “vernacular”. Speaking in vernacular, a wild and uneducated Huck, running away from civilization for his freedom, is vividly brought to life. Secondly, the great strength of the book also comes from the shape given to it by the course of the raft’s journey down the Mississippi as Huck and Jim seek their different kinds of freedom. Twain, who knew the river intimately, uses it here both realistically and symbolically. Thirdly, the profound portrait of Huckleberry Finn is another great contribution of the book to the legacy of American literature. The novel begins with a description of how Widow Douglas attempts to civilize Huck and ends with him deciding not to let it happen again at the hands of Aunt Sally. The climax arises with Huck’s inner struggle on the Mississippi, when Huck is polarized by the two opposing forces between his heart and his head, between his affection for Jim and the laws of the society against those who help slaves escape.Huck’s final decision – to fo1low his own good – hearted moral impulse rather than conventional village morality –amounts to a vindication of what Mark Twain called” the damned human race,” damned for its comfortable hypocrisies, its thoroughgoing dishonesties, and its pervasive cruelties. With the eventual victory of his moral conscience over his social awareness, Huck grows.5. Selected ReadingAn Excerpt from Chapter 3l of Adventures of Huckleberry Finn1) The storyThis novel begins with Huck under the motherly protection of the Widow Douglas and her sister, Mis s Watson. When his father comes to demand the boy’s fortune, Huck pretends that he has transferred the money to Judge Thather, so his father catches him and puts him into a lonely cabin. One night, after his father is drunken, Huck escapes to Jackson’s island and meets Miss Watson’s runaway slave, Jim. They start down the river on a raft. After several adventures, the raft is hit by a steamboat and the two are separated. Huck swims ashore and is saved by the Grangerford family, whose feud with the Sheperdsons causes bloodshed. Later, Huck discovers Jim and they set down again, giving refuge to a gang of frauds: the “Duke” and “King,” whose dramatic performances culminate in the fraudulent exhibition of the “Royal Nonesuch.” Huck also witnesses the lynching a nd murder of a harmless drunkard by an Arkansas aristocrat on the shore. When he finds that some rogues intend to claim legacies as Peter Wilks’s brother, Huck interferes on behalf of the three daughters, and the scheme is failed by the arrival of the real brothers. Then he discovers that the “King” has sold Jim to Mrs. Phelps, Tom Sawyer’s Aunt Sally. At the Phelps farm, Huck and Tom try to rescue Jim. In the rescue, Tom is accidentally shot and Jim is recaptured. Later, Tom reveals that the rescue is necessary only because he “wanted the adventures of it.” It is also disclosed at the end of the novel that Huck’s father has died, so Huck’s fortune is safe.2) The novel’s theme, characterization of “Huck” and the novel’s social significanceTheme: The novel is a vindication of what Mark Twain called “the damned human race.” That is the theme of man’s inhumanity to man–-of human cruelty, hypocrisies, dishonesties, and moral corruptions. Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is best known for Mark Twain’s wonderful characterization of “Huck,” a typical American boy whom its creator described as a boy with “a sound heart and a deformed conscience,” and remarkable for the raft’s journey down the Mississippi river, which Twain used both realistically and symbolically to shape his book into an organic whole.Through the eyes of Huck, the innocent and reluctant rebel, we see the pre-Civil War American society fully exposed and at the same time we are deeply impressed by Mark Twain’s thematic contrasts between innocence and experience, nature and culture, wilderness and civilization.3) The selected chapterHuck and Jim are with the frauds. They decide to leave them in their raft when Huck learns that Jim is sold by the “King” to Mrs. Phelps. There is a very important description here of Huck’s inner conflict about whether or not he should write a letter to tell Miss Watsom where Jim is. Huck’s internal conflict b etween his sound heart and deformed conscience is obvious: On one hand, he feels that he ought to help return Jim to his owner, Miss Watson. On the other hand, his friendship for Jim makes such a course of action difficult for him. Huck instinctively knows the right thing to do. But his conscience dictates the conventional morality of the South. The whole episode is a subtle yet powerful condemnation of the society that makes Huck feel that he will go to hell for doing what his very instinct knows to be the right thing to do. Huck’s moral dilemma is brought about by a corrupt society that has institutionalized slavery.。
2021北京西城初一(下)期末英语试卷及答案
2021北京西城初一（下）期末英语2021.7一、听下面四段对话，每段对话后有两道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。
每段对话你将听两遍。
(共12分，每小题1.5分)请听一段对话，完成第1至第2小题。
1. What colour does the woman's daughter like?A. White.B. Purple.C. Blue.2. How much does the woman pay for the dress?A.$45.B.$65.C.$90.请听一段对话，完成第3至第4小题。
3. What are they going to do this weekend?A. Visit their aunts.B. Stay at home.C. Make cakes.4. When are they going to meet?A. On Saturday evening.B. On Sunday morning.C. On Sunday afternoon.请听一段对话，完成第5至第6小题。
5. Where does the woman want to go?A. To the bookstore.B. To the art museum.C. To the supermarket.6. How soon will she get there by bus?A. In 10 minutes.B. In 24 minutes.C. In 30 minutes.请听一段对话，完成第7至第8小题。
7. What kind of music does the girl like?A. Classical music.B. Pop music.C. Rock music.8. What do the two speakers think of music?A. People can not live without music.B. Music can help them to live a better life.C. Listening to music can make them popular.二、听独白，记录关键信息。
Mark Twain(高级英语第1册)
Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn’s idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer’s endless summer of freedom and adventure. Indeed, this nation’s best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. I found another Twain as well- one who grew cynical, bitter, saddened by the profound personal tragedies life dealt him, a man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race, who saw clearly ahead a black wall of night.Tramp printer, river pilot, Confederate guerrilla, prospector starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic: The man who became Mark Twain was born Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he ranged across the nation for more than a third of his life, digesting the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer. He adopted his pen name from the cry heard in his steamboat days, signaling two fathoms of water- a navigable depth. His popularity is attested by the fact that more than a score of his books remain in print, and translations are still read around the world.The geographic core, in Twain’s early years, was the great valley of the Mississippi River, main artery of transportation in the young nation’s heart. Keelboats, flatboats, and large rafts carried the first major commerce. Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved downstream to the delta country; sugar, molasses, cotton, and whiskey traveled north. In the 1850’s, before the climax of westward expansion, the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States.Young Mark Twain entered that world in 1857 as a cub pilot on a steamboat. The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied-a cosmos. He participated abundantly in this life, listening to pilothouse talk of feuds, piracies, lynchings, medicine shows, and savage waterside slums. All would resurface in his books, together with the colorful language that he soaked up with a memory that seemed phonographic.Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as well. From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim steamboat trade marked the real beginning of his education, and the most lasting part of it. In later life Twain acknowledged that the river had acquainted him with every possible type of human nature. Those acquaintanceships strengthened all his writing, but he never wrote better than when he wrote of the people along the great stream.When railroad began driving up the demand for steamboat pilots and the Civil War halted commerce, Mark Twain left the river country. He tried soldiering for two weeks with a motley band enemy. Twain quit after deciding, “…I knew more about retreating than the man that invented retreating.”He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in Nevada’s Washoe region. For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the persistent, and was rebuffed. Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as reporter with the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise, to literature’s enduring gratitude.From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and in the reporting trade, but for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax. In the spring of 1864, less than two years after joining the Territorial Enterprise, he boarded the stagecoach for San Francisco, then and now a hotbed of hopeful young writers.Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles, but he had to leave thecity for a while because of some scathing columns he wrote. Attacks on the city government, concerning such issues as mistreatment of Chinese, so angered officials that he fled to the goldfields in the Sacramento Valley. His description of the rough-country settlers there ring familiarly in modern world accustomed to trend setting on the West Coast. “It was a splendid population- for all the slow, sleepy, sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home…It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or consequences, which she bears unto this day-and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says “Well, that is California all over.”In the dreary winter of 1864-65 in Angels Camp, he kept a notebook. Scattered among notations about the weather and the tedious mining-camp meals lies an entry nothing a story he had heard that day-an entry that would determine his course forever: “Coleman with his jumping forg- bet stranger $50-stranger had no frog, and C. got him one – in the meantime stranger filled C.’s frog full of shot and he couldn’t jump. The stranger’s frog won.”Retold with his descriptive genius, the story was printed in newspapers across the United States and became known as “The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County.” Mark Twain’s national reputation was now well established as “the wild humorist of the Pacific slop.”Two years later the opportunity came for him to take a distinctly American look at the Old World. In New York City the steamship Quaker City prepared to sail on a pleasure cruise to Europe and the Hold Land. For the first time, a sizable group of United States citizens planned to jurney as tourists –milestone, of sorts, in a country’s development. Twain was assigned to accompany them, as correspondent for a California newspaper. If readers expected the usual glowing travelogue, they were sorely surprised.Unimpressed by the Sultan of Turkey, for example, he reported, “…one could set a trap anywhere and catch a ozen abler men in a night.” Casually he debunked revered artists and art treasures, and took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land. Back home, more newspapers began printing his articles. America laughed with him. Upon his return to the States the book version of his travels, The Innocent Abroad, became an instant best-seller.At the age of 36 Twain settled in Hartford, Connecticut. His best books were published while he lived there.As early as 1870 Twain had experimented with a story about the boyhood adventures of a lad he named Billy Rogers. Two years later, he changed the name to Tom, and began shaping his advertures into a stage play. Not until 1874 did the story begin developing in earnest. After publication in 1876, Tom Sawyer quickly became a classic tale of American boyhood. Tom’s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and the sweet innocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almost as sure to be studied in American schools today as is the Declaration of Independence.Mark Twain’s own declaration of independence came form another character. Six chapters into Tom Sawyer, he drags in “the drunkard.”Fleeing a respectable life with the puritanical Widow Dounglas, Huck protests to his friend, Tom Sawyer: “I’ve tried it, and it don’t work; it don’t work, Tom. It ain’t for me … The wider eats by a bell; she goes to bed by a bell; she gits up by a bell-everything’s so awful re’lar a body can’t stand it.”Nine years after Tom Sawyer swept the nation, Huck was given a life of his own,\ in a book often considered the best ever written about Americans . His raft flight down the Mississippi with a runaway slave presents a moving panorama for exploration of American society.On the river, and especially with Huck Finn, Twain found the ultimate expression of escape from the pace he lived by and often deplored, from life’s regularities and the energy-sapping clamor for success.Mark Twain suggested that an ingredient was missing in the American ambition when he said: “What a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life, in the deaths of loved ones: his father, dying of pneumonia when Sam was 12; his brother Henry, killed by a steamboat explosion; the death of his son, Langdon, at 19 months. His eldest daughter, Susy, died of spinal meningitis, Mrs. Clemens succumbed to a heart attack in Florence, and youngest daughter, Jean, an epileptic, drowned in an upstairs bathtub.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh. The moralizing of his earlier writing had beed well padded with humor. Now the gloves came off with biting satire. He pretened to praise the U.S. military for the massacre of 600 Philippine Moros in the bowl of a volcanic crater. In The Mysterious Stranger, he insisted that man drop his religious illusion and depend upon himself, not Providence, to make a better world.The last of his own illusions seemed to have crumbled near the end. Dictating his autobiggraphy late in life, he commented with a crushing sense of despair on men’s final release from earthly struggles:”….they vanish from a world where they were of no consequence; where they achieved nothing; where they were a mistake and a failure and a foolishness; where they have left no sigh that they had existed –a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever.”。
Mark Twain2 马克吐温
Mark Twain Primary School
Mark Twain and Keller
Mark Twain Riverboat
His life and writings can be classified into 3 periods: 1.1865—1870 optimistic, jocular humor, light-hearted 2. 1872—1891 still with dream 3. 1891—1910 pessimistic and disappointed, sharp sat of realism
Realism aims at the description of the actualities of the life and free from subjective prejudice, idealism or romantic color. Realism focuses on commonness of the common people. Life is presented as it is. Use real characters, real incidents, real language and local dialects. Representative writers: William Howells, Mark Twain, Henry James.
美国作家马克吐温Mark Twain(1835-1910)
Clemens first signed his writing with the name in Mark Twain’s Autograph February 1863, as a newspaper reporter in Nevada. "Mark Twain" (meaning "Mark number two") was a Mississippi River term: the second mark on the line that measured depth signified two fathoms, or twelve feet—safe depth for the steamboat.
Clemens in his Oxford robes.
Biography of Mark Twain
1889 "Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court" was published. 1890's Twain made some bad investments & soon found himself in debt. 1895 He filed for bankruptcy. His daughter, Susy, died of meningitis on August 18.
Biography of Mark Twain
1904 His wife, Olivia, died in Florence on June 5, and he returned to New York. 1907 He received an honorary degree from Oxford. 1909 His daughter, Clara, married on Mark Twain in Oxford Robe October 6. His daughter, Jean, died on December 24.
单选练习（附答案）
单选练习（附答案）1. Mr Wang is ________ honest man and many people like him.A. /B. aC. anD.the2. To my surprise, the boy’s ________ than before.A. very tallB. the tallerC. much tallerD. the tallest3. His camera is the same as ______, but it is more expensive.A. himB. herC. myD. mine4. Be careful! There are some _______ on the floor.A. childB. waterC. boxesD.girl5. With the development of the society, parents _______ more and more money on their children’s education.A. spendB. takeC. payD. cost6. _______ the evening of June 1st, we had a party for my little brother.A. OnB. AtC. InD. Of7. We won’t go sigh tseeing if ________ tomorrow.A. it rainsB. it will rainC. it would rainD. it rained8. Our teacher often speaks _______ and clearly in the class.A. earlyB. loudlyC. reallyD. carelessly9. Betty _____ come to the par ty on Saturday because she’s going to the opera. A．can’t B. mustn’t C. might D. should10. QQ _______ by millions of people since 1999.A. has usedB. is usedC. will be usedD. has been used11. - May I speak to the headmaster?-He _____ a meeting now. Can I take a message?A. is havingB. hadC. hasD. will have12. –Who helped Li Lei with his English?-________, he learnt it by himself.A. AnybodyB. NobodyC. SomebodyD. Everybody13. Drivers shouldn’t be allowed _______ after drinking, or they will break the law.A. driveB. drivingC. to driveD. to be driven14. –Teddy, don’t draw on the wall. It’s not a good behavior.- ________.A. Never mindB. Yes, I ‘d love to.C. Sorry, I won’tD. Of course not15. –Doctor, ______ should I take this medicine?-Twice a day.A. what timeB. how muchC. how soonD. how often16. This shoe factory in Tianjin has eight _______ workers.A. hundredB. hundredsC. hundreds ofD. hundred of17. The children asked______.A. where they will goB. what they would do nextC. when could they goD. how did they get there18. I enjoy learning English _____ it takes me a lot of time.A. unlessB. althoughC. becauseD. for19. –What happened? You look so sad.-The co mputer _____ I bought last month doesn’t work now.A. whenB. whoC. thatD. where20. –Daming carried some heavy bags on his bike and fell off?-_______.A. That’s OK.B. CongratulationsC. No problemD. Oh, I’m sorry to hear that.21. —Do you have___ e-mail address? I can send the photos by email.—Oh, yes. mine is dp@/doc/08414226.html,.A. theB. aC. an .D. /22. Hey! If you want to find out more pictures, have a look at this___ . It's great.A. rockB. websiteC. photoD. time23. — I've shown you all the interesting and important places of our school.— Thank you for'______ so much time.A. spendingB. takingC. costingD. having24. The baby feels________ while his mother holds him in her arms.A. saveB. safeC. safelyD. safety25. I can't find the pen I was given. Have you seen____ ?A. thatB. onC. thisD. it26. While we were watching the play, I___ noticed a man witha funny look.A. usuallyB. quicklyC. suddenlyD. carefully27. This kind of paper is made____ bamboo.A. fromB. inC. ofD. up28. —Who was the first to____ school yesterday?—Tom was.A. arriveB. getC. get forD. reach29. My father___ Mr Smith on his way to work this morning.A. gave upB. picked upC. came upD. made up30. When my brother moved to Shanghai in___ , he was already in_____ .A. the 1990s; his thirtyB. the 1990s; his thirtiesC. 1990's; his thirtiesD. the 1990's; his thirty31. He listened to the instructions___ than before.A. very carefullyB. most carefullyC. more carefullyD. as carefully32. I had no money to buy the pen___ I needed it.A-so B. or C. even though D. because33. I would like to know___ I can buy an amazing skirt like that.A. whyB. whereC. whatD. which34. We all agree that a pair of shoes___ a very nice present.A- is B. are C. were D. be35. —Could I call you by your first name?—Yes, you_____ .A. willB. mightC.mustD. may36. —Hurry up. The bus is coming.—Oh. no. We mustn't cross the street_____ the traffic lights are green.A. untilB. whileC. afterD. since37_ —May I speak to the headmaster?—He____ a meeting now. Can I take a message?A. hadB. is havingC. haueD. will have38. —Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China?—Yes. I am still wondering_____ .A. how is Chinese paper cut madeB. how was the Great Wall built in ancient timesC. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon danceD. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at DragonBoat Festival39. The old man__ is holding the umbrella goes for a walk in the park every evening.A. whomB. whichC. whoseD. who40. —My mother says that we won't go on a trip to Hong Kong Disneyland. I just can't understand.—You were looking forward to it.A. Never mind.B. Enjoy yourselves!C. What a pity!D. Don't worry about it41. ___________ Browns were having lunch when the telephone rang.A. AnB. AC. TheD. /42. The supermarket isn’t far from the station. It’s only a _________ walk.A. ten-minutesB. ten minuteC. ten-minuteD. ten minute’s43. We tried to stop the fire from spreading, but we knew it was ________.A. unusualB. enjoyableC. hopeful D hopeless44. Mr. Brown is coming to visit our school. Our English teacher will ________ at the airport.A. take him offB. pick him upC. see him offD. take him up45. –What a _________! You’d better tidy up your room at once.--Sorry, mum. I’ll do it.A. pity B mess C. lie D. day46. “Mum, look! My trousers ___________ short. Can you buya new ________?””OK”A. is; oneB. are; oneC. are; pairD. is; pair47. The young man walked __________ the forest and got to a small house.A. acrossB. throughC. onD. over48.The weather in Beijing is very cold now. If you go there, you have to __________ some warm clothes.A. bringB. takeC. fetchD. get49. He decided ___________ part in the school sports meeting.A. not takeB. didn’t takeC. not to takeD. do n’t take50.If you ________ a new idea, please call me as soon as possible.A. keep up withB. catch up withC. put up withD. come up with51．People who _______ to the party are very excited.A. have been invitedB. has been invitedC. will inviteD. have invited52. It’s five years since I ________ you last time.A. metB. meetC. have metD. had met53. This pair of shoes __________ me 150 yuan.A. spentB. paidC. costD. took54. Lao She was one of _________ Chinese __________ of the 20th century.A. the greatest; writersB. the greater; writersC. the greatest; writerD. the greater; writer55. –What do you think of the dress?--Wonderful. I don’t think I can find a _______ one.A. goodB. betterC. badD. worse56. Seats for the theatre can be ___________ from 10 am to 6 pm.A. bookedB. collectedC. recycledD. started57. Both of the two rulers are broken. I want to buy a ___________ one.A. secondB. thirdC. forthD. /58. –Could you tell me ________ she is looking for?--Her little sister, Susan.A. whoB. whichC. whatD. where59. Strangers are only friends ____________ you haven’t met yet.A. whyB. whichC. whenD. who60. –Would you like a hand?--__________. I really can’t finish the job by myself.A. Thanks very muchB. You’re welcomeC. Take your timeD. Never mind.61. This is ______ movie I’ve told you about. Isn’t it ______ fantastic one?A. the, theB. a, aC. the, aD. a, the62. --- Do you like ______?--- No. I like blue.A. orangeB. applesC. flowersD. milk63. --- May I help you with some jeans, sir?--- Yes, I’d like to try on those blue ______.A. pairB. oneC. twoD. ones64. He works as ______ as his classmates.A. carefulB. carefullyC. more carefulD. most carefully65. --- What do you want to eat for lunch? I will prepare earlier today.--- Honey, you ______. Let’s go out and have something different.A. mustn’tB. can’tC. shouldn’tD. don’t have to66. The English contest ______ last week. Li Ping won the first place.A. is heldB. is being heldC. was heldD. will be held67. Mr. Wang wrote a ______ story. Most of us enjoyed it a lot.A. two-thousand-wordsB. two-thousands-wordC. two-thousand-wordD. two-thousands-words68. --- Why didn’t you try your best to get on the subway?--- I tried to, but it started moving ______ I could get on it.A. beforeB. afterC. sinceD. if69. --- Mr. Li, ______ of us ______ finished the work by now.--- Well done, children.A. Two-third, hasB. Two-thirds, haveC. Two-three, hasD. Two-threes, have70. The fans were ______ to know the death of their favorite singing star Whitney Huston.A. gladB. angryC. excitedD. surprised71. If all business goes paperless, at least one million tons of paper will be ______ a year.A. usedB. copiedC. savedD. wasted72. Project Hope has built many schools ______ big classrooms and libraries.A. inB. ofC. forD. with73. --- I saw Mr. Smith in the office at ten yesterday morning.--- That’s impossible. He ______ and English party with us then.A. hasB. hadC. was havingD. has had74. The volunteer team mostly ______ university and middle school students. They will mainly provide languages voluntary services.A. is made up ofB. belongs toC. thinks ofD. leads to75. They ______ a lot of help to the community for nearly ten years.A. offeredB. will offerC. are offeringD. have offered76. --- Shall we join in the Green World Summer Camp?--- ______.A. Good ideaB. You’re welcomeC. Not at allD. Never mind77. The ______ of the great book, The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, is Mark Twain.A. themeB. priceC. ownerD. writer78. --- Peter, is there anything else you want to know about China?--- Yes, I am still wondering ______.A. how is Chinese paper cut madeB. how was the Great Wall built in ancient timesC. why the Chinese people like to play the dragon danceD. why do the Chinese people eat rice dumplings at Dragon Boat Festival79. He is the photographer ______ took photos for us last time.A. whoseB. whenC. whoD. whom80. --- Would you please pass me the sugar?--- ______. Here you are.A. SorryB. SureC. Thanks a lotD. Nothing much81. We went to Hong Kong by plane. But we took boat to LandauIsland.A. a; aB. the; theC. /; theD. /; /82. More and more people are making a huge to help the children in the countryside.A. suggestionB. effortC. experimentD. effect83. H is grades in history and art weren’t so good, because of those is his favourite subject.A. bothB. eachC. noneD. neither84. –There’s a concert the open air in Central Park. Wouldyou like to go with me? –Yes, I’d love to.A. inB. toC. ofD. at85. The street is too narrow. A one should be built.A. widestB. widerC. longerD. longest86. There are no buses, you’ll have to walk.A. soB. orC. butD. for87. The plane landed at last. And everyone cheered up.A. safelyB. suddenlyC. quicklyD. loudly88. S upermarkets don’t free plastic bags to shoppers any more.A. takeB. showC. offerD. carry89. Some people throw rubbish into the rivers and this causes plants and fish .A. diesB. dyingC. to dieD. died80. I spent all morning my room.A. taking upB. setting upC. picking upD. tidying up91. people see Beijing opera every year.A. Thousand ofB. Thousands ofC. Five thousands ofD. Five thousands92. You smoke when there is a “No Smoking” sign.A. mustn’tB. mayC. needn’tD. can93. Dr. Bethune working in spite of cutting his hand during an operation.A. stoppedB. went onC. forgotD. enjoyed94. – you ever to Australia?–No, never.A. Did; goB. Have; goneC. Are; goingD. Have; been95. Many people were because of the terrible storm.A. homelessB. carelessC. usefulD. enjoyable96. You can go swimming I’m having lunch.A. whileB. beforeC. as soon asD. so that97. Chopsticks often when people eat Chinese food.A. is; usedB. are; usedC. have been; usedD. was; used98. Could you please tell me ?A. how can I remember wordsB. where is the hospitalC. you like English or notD. why the people are clapping99. The English corner is not always for people English was already good.A. thatB. whoseC. whoD. which100. –Thank you for taking me around your school, Daming.– .A. Don’t mention itB. Never mindC. Of course notD. No problem101. ---What is your _______ of keeping fit and slim?--- I do exercise thirty minutes every day and have a balanced diet.A. troubleB. mistakeC. advantageD. secret102 --- When will we go swimming, this Saturday or Sunday?--- ________. I have to practice the piano on both days.A. BothB. NoneC. EitherD. Neither103. ---Jack is always ______ first to come.---He’s working towards _______better future.A. a;aB. /; aC. the; theD. the; a104 --- Exc use me. I’d like to buy a dress.----This way, please. _______ coats are on the second floor.A. WomenB. Woman’sC. WomanD. Women’s105 Yesterday, I visited a school in T aiyuan. There are about ______ students in it.A. two thousandB. two thousandsC. two thousands ofD. two thousand of106 I have _______ oranges than you, but _______ are better than yours.A. fewer; mineB. less; myC. few; mineD. fewer; my107 Bob never does his homework ________Mary. He always makes a lot of mistakes.A. so careful asB. as carefully asC. so carelessly asD. as careless as108 I’m new here. I hope my classmates can ______ my name and we can be friends.A. forgetB. rememberC. discoverD. write109 ---Will they really sell the house?--- Yes, they have to sell it even though it is ______ their wishes.A. aboveB. withC. againstD. for110 ---_______you ever _______ that new movie?---Yes, I ______ it three days ago.A. Have; seen; seenB. Have; saw; seenC. Have; seen; sawD. Have; saw; saw111. ---How can we stop the globe from being warmer?--- I think more trees ______ every year.A. should plantB. should be plantingC. should be plantedD. were planted112. Zhang Pingyi, a reporter from Taiwan, ________a new school for children in the mountains in Yuexi County.A. picked upB. set upC. made upD. gave up113 ---I’m sorry. I didn’t do a good job.---That’s OK. You tried your best _______.A. after allB. in allC. at allD. first of all114 ---I don’t know how much the shoes ______. I’m afraid I don’t have enough money.--- Don’t worry. Sixty dollars _______ enough.A. is; isB. are; areC. are; isD. is; are115 --- Remember ______ my book here tomorrow.--- OK, I will.A. bringB. to bringC. bringingD. to bringing116 ---Would you like to go fishing with us this weekend, Mary?---_________. I’m visiting my grandparents.A. Yes, I’m sure.B. Yes, I’d love to.C. I’m afraid notD. That’s a good idea.117 ---I don’t know_______.---No, they didn’t. They were not allowed to do so.A. that the boys carried their toys to schoolB. if the boys carried their toys to schoolC. whether the boys can carry their toys to schoolD. when the boys carry their toys to school118. ---Dan, will you go with me?--- No, I won’t go with you______ I finish my homework.A. unlessB. ifC. whileD. though119 ---Do you remember the girl im your primary school _______ was beautiful and could sing well?---Let me see. Er… yeah, she was a cla ssmate of mine, called Millie.A. whichB. whomC. whoD. /120. ---Do you mind if I closed the window?--- ________ I feel a bit hot.A. T hat’s OK.B. I’d rather you didn’t.C. Go ahead.D. That’s a good idea.121. --Bill, do you know Tom Smith?--Sure. He is my best friend and our _____ has lasted for years.A. friendshipB. friendlyC. friendD. friends122. Do you know _____ Beijing or not tomorrow?A. whether are they leaving forB. whether they are leaving forC. if they are leaving forD. if are they leaving for123. Please look over tour paper carefully to _____ there are no mistakes.A. work outB. think ofC. make sureD. try out124. You may easily lose your way in Beijing _____ you don’t have a map.A. thoughB. unlessC. orD. if125. It’s not a good habit to _____ other students’homework.A. writeB. copyC. proveD. change126. What _____ good news it is! We all feel _____.A. a, surprisingB. \, surprisedC. a, surprisedD. \, surprising127. He doesn’t like painting, _____ do I.A. tooB. eitherC. neitherD. not128. My sister can dance and she can play the piano _____.A. as wellB. as usualC. as well asD. such as129. Did he give you anything else _____ the book?A. besideB. besidesC. exceptD. but130. He will go out to play with you as soon as he _____ his homework.A. finishB. finishesC. finishedD. will finish131. Looking after children needs _____.A. chanceB. patienceC. troubleD. way132. The _____ boy went to university last year.A. 15-years-oldB. 15-year-oldC. 15 ye ar’s oldD. 15-years old 133. I like soft and gentle music. It _____ nice.A. looksB. soundsC. tastesD. smells134. Write _____ and try not to make any mistakes.A. as careful as possibleB. more carefulC. as carefully as you canD. most careful135.--She didn’t do well in the performance.--_____, she is just five tears old now.A. At leastB. After allC. First of allD. Above all136. The boy was so attracted by the music show that he forgot _____.A. anythingB. nothingC. somethingD. everything137. Mr. Smith is a famous artist _____ was born in Canada.A. whoB. whomC. whatD. which138. The telephone _____ by Alexander Bell in 1876.A. was inventedB. inventedC. is inventedD. has been invented 139. I’m sure I can work _____ to catch up with others.A. too muchB. hard enoughC. enough hardD. hardly enough140. --Tony, I’ll have an exam on Friday.--_____.A.Look outB. Excuse meC. Good luckD. Hold on。
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Life experiences
• grew up on the Mississippi River • at 12, father died, 13, left school • a full time printer's apprentice; • 18, went to New York, a tramp printer • 22,a steamboat pilot until 1861(26)
• humor
is of witty remarks mocking at small things and making people laugh
is a kind of artistic style used to criticize the social injustice
•
Metaphor
2.Father: pneumonia
3.Brother Henry: killed by a steamboat explosion
4.Son died at 19th month 5.two daughters died 6.His wife succumbed to heart attack ----turn to be very bitter and satirical in his
• Words: short, concrete, direct in effect
• sentence & structures: simple, even ungrammatical
• Comments: Mark Twain was the first truly American writer, and all of us since are his heirs, who descended from him.“ (William Faulkner)
• In Virginia City, a local journalist
• -----on February 3,1863, “Mark Twain” was born
His most productive years
• Married in 1870 (35) and moved to Hartford. Conn where he lived his most productive years till 1891 (56)
later days
His works---Stories
1867:“The Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County”
• “卡拉韦拉斯县驰名的跳蛙”--a frontier tale-------He became nationally famous
drew from his own rich fund of knowledge of people and places
tall tales (highly exaggerated)
he used colloquial language, vernacular language, dialects
------gave him a wide knowledge of humanity
• The outbreak of the Civil War in 1861, --confederate guerrilla
• Gold or silver fever---tried mining, speculating, but failed
Common steps
• 1. a general comment/appraisal • 2. life experiences
a. the background knowledge (history, society, family, career…)
b. early life experience c. big events/way to success d. shining points
• Mirror means a person who gives a true representation of description of the country.
• His life and works are a mirror of the America of his o write a biography on somebody, What aspects about him/her will be touched ?
Mark Twain— Mirror of America
Life story/ biography -----Noel Grove
Mark Twain--马克•吐温 (1835-1910)
the pen name (pseudonym) of Samuel Langhorne Clemens
塞缪尔•朗赫恩•克莱门斯
• 1899: The Man That Corrupted Hardleybug 《败坏了哈德莱堡的人》
• local color
a texture of most local color literature， a sense of humor
represented social life through portraits of local places which he knew best
• Tom Sawyer 1876 • Huckleberry Finn 1884--- "all modern
American literature comes.“ (Ernest Hemingway)
Personal tragedies
1. his investments and golden rush failed
• 3.conclusion
• Part I (Para.1) a general appraisal of Mark Twain • Part II(Para.2-19)------- life experiences