2015年职称英语考试卫生类补全短文模拟试题及答案
2015年职称英语考试新增卫生类考题(全5篇)材料、试题、解析和译文
2015 年职称英语考试新增卫生类 5 篇文章汇总（全）1、卫生A 阅读判断新增文章第十二篇Inquest told of hospital errorA HOSPITAL error left a dying man on the wrong ward for two days as deep vein thrombosis (DVT) ravaged his body, an inquest heard. Stephen Melvin Newbold suffered massive brain damage when a blood clot formed in his veins. Now his families are considering legal action against York Hospital, saying that his death was “un timely and unnecessar y”.Mr Newbold, a 52-year-old maintenance worker, went to York Hospital on November 3 complaining of a swollen right foot. He should have been sent to a surgical ward where he would have been treated with1 Fragmin, a drug which counters the effects of DVT. However, hospital staff wrongly admitted him to2 an orthopedic ward, where he stayed for two days, before finally being transferred to the care of a consultant vascular surgeon. Twenty-four hours later, on November 6, doctors decided they would have to operate to remove his leg below the knee.The operation went ahead on November lO,but two days later Mr Newbold suffered a cardiac arrest. A scan revealed he had had a pulmonary embolism,a condition related to DVT. Mr. Newbold suffered brain damage and died in the hospital on November 16.Giving evidence, the surgeon said he could not explain why Mr Newbold had been admitted to an orthopedic ward where it was not policy to administer Fragmin. He did not know why his medical team had not given Mr. Newbold the drug later.York coroner Donald Coverdale said, …From November 3 until the day of the operation, no Fragmin was given to Mr Newbold. Lf he had been admitted to a consultant vascular surgeon‟s care from day one, it is clear that Fragmin would have been prescribed. Fragmin reduces the risk of DVT, but does not eliminate it. It is impossible to say whether Mr Newbold would have suffered this DVT if he had received the Fragmin.‟He recorded a verdict of death by misadventure.Kim Daniells, Mr Newbold‟s family‟s lawyer, said, … The family hope that the hospital will learn from the errors, and that no other families will have to suffer in the future. …A spokeswoman for York Hospital‟s NHS Trust said, … We would like to extend our sincere sympathies to the family of Stephen Newbold during this difficult time.‟词汇：ward n.病房vein n.血管thrombosis n.血栓clot n.凝块maintenance n.维修，维护Fragmin n.法安明（又名片段化蛋白）staff n.员工；职工consultant n.顾问，咨询，会诊医师surgeon n.心血管外科顾问knee n.膝盖embolism n.栓塞；栓塞形成verdict n.裁决misadventure n.灾难，不幸遭遇，意外事故sympathy n.同情注释：1．be treated with...被用......药物进行治疗2．be admitted to...被收容至，被移送至(本文中是“被送至病房”)练习：1．The patient was admitted with an injured foot.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned2. The patient was admitted to the surgical ward.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned3. The patient did not get the correct medication.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned4. The patient died before he could be operated on.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned5. The patient died of brain damage.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned6. It was decided that the patient‟s death had been an accident.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned7. Mr Newbold‟s family‟s lawyer was not qualified.A. RightB. WrongC. Not Mentioned答案与题解：1．A 从文中第二段的第一句话可以看出，病人是因为感觉右脚胀痛而去医院的(a swollen right foot)，而从文章第二段的第三行最后一句话(However, hospital staff. .)可以看出毛他是被医院容留住院了，只不过是去错了病房。
2015年职称英语考试卫生类补全短文全真模拟题二
The Dollar in World MarketsAccording to a leading German banker,the U.S.dollar is"the most frequently discussed economic phenomenon of our times."He adds,"…the dollars exchange rate is at present the most important price in the world economy…".Because the dollar acts as a world currency,___（1）___.The central banks of many countries hold huge reserves of dollars,and over half of all world trade is priced in terms of dollars.Any shift in the dollars exchange rate will benefit some and hurt others.Some people suggest,therefore,____（2）___.The dollars exchange rate has been too volatile and unpredictable.Several years age the dollar was rapidly declining in value.This made it___（3）___.The rise in the price of foreign goods made it possible for U.S.businesses to raise the price of competing foods produced here,thus worsening inflation.Foreigners who dealt in dollars or who held dollars as reserves were hurt.People in the United States who had borrowed foreign currencies found that they had to pay back more than they borrowed___（4）___.The United States lost face in the eyes of the rest of the world.The dollar went soaring upward,and the situation was reversed.United States exporters found it hard to sell abroadbecause foreigners would have to pay more for U.S.dollars.People in the United States now bought the relatively cheaper foreign goods,and U.S.manufacturers complained that they could not compete.Job losses were often blamed on the"overvalued"dollar.Poor nations___（5）___found it difficult to repay both the loans and the interest because they had to use more and more of their own currencies to obtain dollars.The solution to this problem is to end the system of floating exchange rates and return to fixed rates.We might even return to the gold standard.Fixed exchange rates did not work in the past.Currency values should be determined by market conditions.A drop in the exchange value of a nations currency means that it is importing too much,that it is too inefficient to compete in world markets,that it is permitting a high rate of inflation which makes its goods too expensive,that it is going too deeply in debt,or that others have lost confidence in the nations stability.A nation should bring its exchange rate back up by addressing these problems,not by interfering with the money market.A.that had borrowed dollarsB.that the dollars value should be more tightly controlledC.because the declining dollar would buy fewer units of the foreign moneyD.its value affects many nationsE.difficult for Americans to purchase foreign goods and servicesF.that have a lot of U.S.dollars答案：DBECA。
2015年职称英语考试卫生类完型填空模拟题及答案汇总
下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
World Heart DaySunday was World Heart Day.The World Heart Federation and its member groups in more than one hundred countries organized the celebrations.The World Health Organization and other United Nations agencies provided support for the(51).World Heart Day was first observed six years(52).Organizers proposed the event as a way to help reduce the spread of heart disease.The World Heart Federation says heart(53)kills seventeen million people each year.The group urges people to be active and have a good,healthy diet.It also warns(54)activities known to increase a person's risk of heart attack or stroke.Some of the warnings are directed at children.The World Heart Federation says about twenty-two million boys and girls under the age of five are obese-severely overweight.Children are normally energetic and active.(55),two thirds of all children are not active enough.Such children greatly(56)their risk of becoming obese.They also increase their(57)of developing heart disease or other disorders.One message of World Heart Day is to eatright.Children(58)eat a healthy and balanced diet.Also,limit sugary drinks,sweets and eating between meals.The World Heart Federation urges parents to keep their children(59).It says physical exercise helps to decrease the risk of obesity and(60)a child healthy.Obese children often become obese adults.(61)you believe your child is too heavy,talk with a health care provider.The World Heart Federation is also concerned about the effects of tobacco on young people.It says the younger someone begins to smoke,the(62)the chance of a health problem tied to smoking.Half of the young people who continue to smoke are (63)to die later in life from a smoking-related disease.The group says almost half of all children live with a smoker.It says children who live with a(64)can breathe an amount of tobacco equal to more than two thousand cigarettes.And that is by the time they are five years old.The World Heart Federation also says parents should warn children not to be(65)by tobacco companies.And it says parents who smoke should try to stop.51.A.group B.event anization D.agency52.A.earlier B.before C.ago D.past53.A.accident B.health C.disease D.beating54.A.against B.toward C.upon D.onto55.A.Therefore B.However C.Hence D.But56.A.manage B.lower C.meet D.increase57.A.mood B.desire C.age D.risk58.A.may B.might C.should D.will59.A.young B.happy C.early D.active60.A.maintains B.protects C.keeps D.helps61.A.If B.Although C.After D.Because62.A.greater B.harder C.slimmer D.lesser63.A.supposed B.possible C.likely D.lucky64.A.patien tB.relative C.parent D.smoker65.A.influenced B.bought C.employed D.troubled完形填空：51.B52.C53.C54.A55.B56.D57.D58.C59.D60.C61.A62.A63.C64.D65.A阅读下面的短文，文中有15处空白，每处空白给出了4个选项，请根据短文的内容从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
2015年职称英语考试综合类补全短文模拟试题及答案
"Happy Birthday to You"The main problem in discussing American popular culture is also one of its main characteristics: it won't stay American. No matter what it is, whether it is films, food and fashion, music, casual sports or slang, it's soon at home elsewhere in the world. There are several theories why American popular culture has had this appeal.One theory is that it has been "advertised" and marketed through American films, popular music, and more recently, television. (46) They are, after all, in competition with those produced by other countries.Another theory, probably a more common one, is that Americhn popular culture is internationally associated with something called "the spirit of America. " (47)The final theory is less complex: American popular culture is popular because a lot of people in the world like it.Regardless of why it spread, American popular culture is usually quite rapidly adopted and then adapted in many .other countries. (48) "Happy Birthday to You," for instance, is such an everyday song that its source, its American copyright, so to speak, is not remembered. Black leather jackets worn by many heroes in American movies could be found, a generation later, on all those young men who wanted to make this manly-look their own.Two areas where this continuing process is most clearly seen are clothing and music. Some people can still remember a time when T-shirts, jogging clothes, tennis shoes, denim jackets,and blue jeans were not common daily wear everywhere. Only twenty years ago, it was possible to spot an American in Paris by his or her clothes. No longer so: those bring colors, checkered jackets and trousers, hats and socks which were once made fun of in cartoons are back again in Paris as the latest fashion.(49)The situation with American popular music is more complex because in the beginning,when it was still clearly American, it was often strongly resisted. Jazz was once thought to be a great danger to youth and their morals, and was actually outlawed in several countries. Today,while stills blowing its rather American roots, it has become so well established. Rock "n" roll and its variations, country & westem music, all have more or less similar histories. They were first resisted, often in America as well, as being "low-class," and then as "a danger to our nation's youth. " (50) And then the music became accepted and was extended and developed, and exported back to the U. S.A.As a result, its American origins and roots are often quickly forgotten.B.But this theory fails to explain why American films, music, and television programs are so popular in themselves.C.American in origin, informal clothing has become the world's first truly universal style.D.The BBC, for example, banned rock and roll until 1962.E.American food has become popular around the world too.F.This spirit is variously described as being young and free, optimistic and confident,informal and disrespectful.46-50 BFACDGarlicFrom early times man has used garlic (大蒜). The Bible speaks of it. The Israelites (古以色列人) were once far from home. They cried out to Moses, their leader, for the foods they loved: leeks (韭菜), onions, and garlic. The Romans, like the Israelites, loved to eat garlic. And they hung bags of garlic around their necks. _____(46) They also thought it would keep them from getting sick.A similar idea is still held. Many people take garlic thinking it will prevent or cure disease. Most doctors say it does no such thing. _____(47) Its smell may force people to stay far apart. At least then they can't pass germs on to each other. _____(48) What if you're in a play, for instance? Actors have been known to forget their lines because they couldn't stand the garlic smell on a fellow actor's breath. Some have even made up new lines and actions that kept them far away from the one who had eaten garlic.Through the years man has tried to cope with the smell of garlic. _____(49) We now know why. It's been found that the oils of the garlic do not stick to the teeth, Garlic tongue, or gums (齿龈). They go into the lungs instead. From there they are breathed out. They pass out through the skin too.Strange as it seems, food may have a great deal of garlic in it without smelling or tasting strong. It all depends on how it is cooked. French cooks make a good soup with whole cloves (瓣) of garlic. They use more than thirty cloves in one bowl of soup. But they take care not to crush them. And they cook them whole. _____(50) And as the cloves cook they change in some strange way. The soup turns out to be delicious. It's not strong at all.A But no medicine, mouthwash, chewing gum, or toothpaste seems to help muchB As a result, the strong oils stay in the cloves.C They say it may help in one way, though.D Many people eat garlic.E But keeping your distance can be hard at times.F They hoped it would keep away the evil eye.46. F 47. C 48. E 49. A 50. BThe Building of the PyramidsThe oldest stone buildings in the world are the pyramids. They have stood for nearly 5,000 years, and it seems like that _____(1)_____. There are over eighty of them scattered along the banks of the Nile, some of which are different in shape from the true pyramids. The most famous of these are the "Step" pyramid and the "Bent" pyramid.Some of the pyramids still look much the same as they must have done when they were built thousands of years ago. Most of the damage suffered by the others has been at the hands of men who were looking for treasure or, more often, ____(2)____. The dry climate of Egypt has helped to preserve the pyramids, and their very shape _____(3)_____. These are good reasons why they can still be seen today, but perhaps the most important is that they were planned to last for ever.It is practically certain that plans were made for the building of the pyramids_____(4)____. However, there are no writings or pictures to show us how the Egyptians planned or built the pyramids themselves. Consequently, we are only able to guess at the methods used. Nevertheless, by examining the actual pyramids and various tools which have been found, archaeologists have formed a fairly clear picture of them.One thing is certain: there must have been months of careful planning_____(5)_____. The first thing they had to do was to choose a suitable place. You may think this would have been easy with miles and miles of empty desert around, but a pyramid could not be built just anywhere. Certain rules had to be followed, and certain problems had to b overcome.EXERCISE:A. for stone to use in modern buildingsB. has made them less likely to fall into ruinC. before they could begin to buildD. because the plans of other large works have fortunately been preservedE. while building the pyramidsF. they will continue to stand for thousands of years yet答案:FABDC。
2015年职称英语考试卫生类补全短文模拟试题及答案
Every Dog Has Its SayKimiko Fukuda，a Japanese girl，always wondered what her dog was trying to say Whenever she put on makeup，it would pull at her sleeve.______(46)When the dog barks，she glances at a small electronic gadget(装置)The following"human"translation appears on its screen："Please take me with you.""I realized that'S how he was feeling."said Fukuda.The gadget is called Bowlingual，and it translates dog barks into feelings.People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara pany made the world'S first dog-human translation machine in 2002 But 300，000 Japanese dog owners boughtit______(47)"Nobody else had thought about it," said Masahiko Kajita，who works for Takara.'We spend so much time training dogs to understand our orders;what would it be like if we could understand dogs?"Bowlingual has two parts_____(48)The translation is done in the gadget using a database(资料库)containing every kind of bark.Based on animal behaviour research，these noises are divided into six categories：happiness，sadness，frustration，anger，declaration and desire._____(49)In this way，the database scientifically matches a bark to an emotion，which is then translated into one of 200 phrases.When a visitor went to Fukuda'S house recently,the dog barked a loud''bow WOW".This translated as"Don't e this way"_______(50)The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for about US$120 It can up to 100 barks，even recording the dog'S emotions when the owner is away.A A wireless microphone is attached to the dog'S collar,which sends information to the gadget held by the owner,B Nobody really knows how a dog feelsC It was followed by"I'm stronger than you"as the dog growled(嗥叫)and sniffed(嗅) at the visitor.D More customers are expected when the English version is launched this summerE Now，the Japanese girl thinks she knows.F Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like"Let'S play"."Look at me'' or"Spend more time with me".补全短文：46 E47 D 48 A49 F50 CGarlicFrom early times man has used garlic (大蒜). The Bible speaks of it. The Israelites (古以色列人) were once far from home. They cried out to Moses, their leader, for the foods they loved: leeks (韭菜), onions, and garlic. The Romans, like theIsraelites, loved to eat garlic. And they hung bags of garlic around their necks. _____(1) They also thought it would keep them from getting sick.A similar idea is still held. Many people take garlic thinking it will prevent or cure disease. Most doctors say it does no such thing. _____(2) Its smell may force people to stay far apart. At least then they can't pass germs on to each other. _____(3) What if you're in a play, for instance? Actors have been known to forget their lines because they couldn't stand the garlic smell on a fellow actor's breath. Some have even made up new lines and actions that kept them far away from the one who had eaten garlic.Through the years man has tried to cope with the smell of garlic. _____(4) We now know why. It's been found that the oils of the garlic do not stick to the teeth, Garlic tongue, or gums (齿龈). They go into the lungs instead. From there they are breathed out. They pass out through the skin too.Strange as it seems, food may have a great deal of garlic in it without smelling or tasting strong. It all depends on how it is cooked. French cooks make a good soup with whole cloves (瓣) of garlic. They use more than thirty cloves in one bowl of soup. But they take care not to crush them. And they cook them whole. _____(5) And as the cloves cook they change in some strange way. The soup turns out to be delicious. It's not strong at all.A But no medicine, mouthwash, chewing gum, or toothpaste seems to help muchB As a result, the strong oils stay in the cloves.C They say it may help in one way, though.D Many people eat garlic.E But keeping your distance can be hard at times.F They hoped it would keep away the evil eye.补全短文46. F 47. C 48. E 49. A 50. BThe black robin (旅鸫) is one of the world's rarest birds. It is a small, wild bird, and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere, off the coast of New Zealand. In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there; in 1977 there were fewer than ten.__________(46)Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin.__________(47) The idea is to buy another island nearby as a special home, a "reserve", for threatened wild life, including black robins. The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be restocked (重新准备) with the robin's food. Thousands of the required plants are at present being cultivated in New Zealand.Is all this concern a waste of humaneffort?__________(48) Are we losing our sense of what is reasonable and what is unreasonable?In the earth's long, long past hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved, risen to a degree of success and diedout. In the long, long future there will be many new and different forms of life. Those creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a long time.__________(49) This is nature's proven method of operation.The rule of selection--"the survival of the fittest"--is the one by which human beings have themselves arrived on the scene. We, being one of the most adaptable creatures the earth has yet produced, may last longer than most.__________ (50) You may take it as another rule that when, at last, human beings show signs of dying out, no other creature will extend a paw (爪) to postpone our departure. On the contrary, we will be hurried out.Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins.I leave you to judge whether we should try to do anything about it.A Some creatures, certain small animals, insects and birds, will almost certainly outlast (比…长久) man, for they seem even more adaptable.B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C Detailed studies are going on, and a public appeal for money has been made.D Both represent orders in the classification of life.E Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives or dies out?F These are the only black robins left in the world.参考答案：F C E B AEach year thousands of people worldwide are killed or seriously injured by fires started in mattresses. 46 . To help prevent fires in crowded public spaces, E. I. Du Pont de Nemours &Co. recently invented a fire?resistant fabric(防火织物). The pany claims that this fabric significantly reduces the bustibility(易燃性) of mattresses and upholstered(装有套子或垫子的)furniture. In tests conducted by a Boston-based hotel chain, the material has proved very efficient in preventing or delaying the bustion of mattresses and furniture after fires have been started. 47 . California and several other states are considering new regulations that would require the use of fire-resistant furniture in public places (defined as area where 10 or more people gather). 48 . American laws require hotels to buy fire-resistant mattress covers, though covers made of fiber glass(纤维玻璃) and cotton do exist and are used by some panies. 49 .The Du Pont fabric will sell for less than $5 a yard and it is believed that the market will develop over the next two years. 50 .A The development of the material is timelyB And last year, England passed a law requiring that all furniture contain fine?resistant materialC The pany expects that the petition will be very strong in the market because right now, its product is just one optionD And there are some expectsE Often the fires occur in hotels, and are caused by people smoking in bedF However, the cotton covers wash out over time and the fiber glass is not very fortable答案：46 E 47 A 48 B 49 F 50 CGrowing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned. Government bureaus, trade and travel associations, carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.Travel operators, specialists in the field of planning, sponsor extensive research programs. They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services, and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and ____(1)____. They distribute materials to agencies, such as journals, brochures and advertising projects. They offer familiarization and workshop tours ____(2)____.Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling. In this way agents learn ____(3)____ and to suggest different modes and binations of travel - planes; ships, trains, motorcoaches, car-rentals, and even car purchases.Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts, considering both the fort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement. Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels, and, conversely, ____(4)____, to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers, ____(5)____. Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers, and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours. All services must work together for greater efficiency, fair pricing and contented customers.A including car-rental and sight-seeing services.B so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.C in preparing effective advertising campaignsD as a result tourism is flouring in all countriesE hotels rely upon agenciesF to explain destinationsKEYS: CBFEA。
2015年职称英语《卫生类》仿真模拟试题及答案2(预测猜想+冲刺复习资料汇总大全+宝典秘籍攻略)
2015年职称英语《卫生类》仿真模拟试题及答案（2）第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1、It is difficult to assess the importance of the decision.A.evaluatementC.discussD.report2、You must try to wipe out the memory of these horrible events.A.strangeB.terribleC.unusualD.unfair3、As the headmaster made a long speech，the ceremony was prolonged by ten minutes.A.quickenedB.enlargedC.enrichedD.lengthened4、When a man knows that he will be put into prison if he uses a potentially deadly object to rob or do harm to another person，he will think twice about it.A.passiveB.lifelongC.unhappyD.fatal5、Because of adverse weather conditions，The travelers stopped to camp.A.localB.unfamiliarC.goodD.unfavorable6、There are some things in the class the teachers will not put up with.A.tolerateB.contributeC.resistD.prohibit7、Her behavior is extremely childish.A.simpleB.immatureC.beautifulD.pretty8、Courageous people think quickly and act without hesitation.plaintB.considerationC.delayD.anxiety9、A good employer gives hints to his or her employees without interfering with thei r creativity.A.freedomB.assistanceC.cluesD.funds10、He is charming;nevertheless，I don’t quite trust him.A.howeverB.thereforeC.despiteD.afterwards11、Hundreds of buildings were wrecked by the earthquake.A.shakenB.damagedC.fallenD.jumped12、Academic records cannot be duplicated.A.borrowedB.purchasedC.rewrittenD.copied13、We have ample money for the journey.A.someB.littleC.extraD.enough14、The failure is not horrible because it helps to accumulate useful experiences.A.increaseB.spreadC.collectD.grow15、The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A.inventedB.explainedC.consideredD.accepted参考答案词汇选项1-15 ABDDD ABCCA BDDCB第2部分：阅读判断阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。
2015职称英语卫生类A级考试补全短文练习题
2015职称英语卫生类A级考试补全短文练习题Arthritis(关节炎) is an illness that can cause pain and swelling in your bones. Toads(蟾蜍), a big problem in the north of Australia, are suffering from painful arthritis in their legs and backbone, a new study has shown. The toads that jump the fastest are more likely to be larger and to have longer legs. 46_________.The large yellow toads, native to South and Central America, were introduced into the north-eastern Australian state of Queensland in 193S in an attempt to stop beetles and other insects from destroying sugarcane crops. Now up to 200 million of the poisonous toads exist in the country, and they are rapidly spreading through the state of Northern Territory at a rate of up to 60 km a year. The toads can now be found across more than one million square kilometers. 47_________. A Venezuelan poison virus was tried in the 1990s but had to be abandoned after it was found to also kill native frog species.The toads have severely affected ecosystems in Australia. Animals, and sometimes pets, that eat the toads die immediately from their poison, and the toads themselves eat anything they can fit inside their mouth. 48_________.A co-author of the new study, Rick Shine, a professor at the University of Sydney, says that little attention has been given to the problems that toads face. Rick and his colleagues studied nearly 500 toads from Queensland and theNorthern Territory and found that those in the latter state were very different. They were active, sprinting down roads and breeding quickly.According to the results of the study, the fastest toads travel nearly one kilometre a night. 49_________. But speed and strength come at a price — arthritis of the legs and backbone due to constant pressure placed on them.In laboratory tests, the researchers found that after about 15 minutes of hopping, arthritic toads would travel less distance with each hop(跳跃). 50_________. These toads are so programmed to move, apparently, that even when in pain the toads travelled as fast and as far as the healthy ones, continuing their relentless march across the landscape.A. Toads with longer legs move faster and travel longer distances, while the others are being left behind.B. But arthritis didn’t slow down toads outside the laboratory, the researchers found.C. Furthermore, they soon take over the natural habitats of Australia’s native species.D. The task now facing the country is how to remove the toads.E. But this advantage also has a big drawback — up to 10% of the biggest toads suffer from arthritis.F. Toads are not built to be road runners — they are built to sit around ponds and wet areas.参考答案：46.E 47.C 48D 49.A 50.B更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。
2015职称英语卫生类C级考试补全短文训练题
2015职称英语卫生类C级考试补全短文训练题Humor and laughter are good for us. There is increasing evidence that they can heal us physically, mentally, emononally, and spirtualy. In fact every system of the body responds to laughter in some positive. Healing way, so how can we get more laughter into our lives?__46__.Psychologist and author. Steve Wilson ,has some answers.Many people believe that we are born with a sense humor. They think” either you’ve got it or you don’t Dr. Wilson points out that this is false__47__”The parts of the brain and central nervous system that control laughing and smiling are mature at birth __48__.(After all when a baby laughs we don’t rush over and say that kid has a great sense of humor) A sense of humor is something that you can develop over a latetime.Sometimes people think that they don’t have a good sense of humor because they are not good joke tellers. Dr. Wilson remark us that telling jokes is only one of many ways to express humor __49__.Then we will make others laugh, too.A person who has a true sense of humor is willing and to see the funny side of everyday life. One of the best definitions of a sense of humor is the ability to see the nonserious element in a situation . Consider this sign from a store winoow. Any tautly merchandise will be cheerfully replaced with merchandise of a equal quality.The store manager probably placed the sign in the window to impress customers with the store’s excellent service __50__.As Dr. Wilson says “good sense of humor means that you don’t’ have to be funny, you just to see what’s funny”A. What is true, however, is that we are born with the capacity to laugh and smileB. However that does not mean that infants have a sense of humorC. He advises us to lose our inhibitiors and try to laugh at ourselvesD. Is it possible to develop a sense of humor?E. Everyone experience this emotionF. He had a serious purpose but if you have a sense of humor ,you will probably find the sign funny参考答案：46-50：DABCF更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。
2015年职称英语考试--补全短文(原文及译文)
补全短文部分第一篇What We Take from and Give to the SeaAs long as we have been on earth, we have used the sea around us. We take from the ocean, and we give to it.We take fishes from the ocean --millions of kilograms of fish, every year, to feed millions of people. We even use their bones for fertilizer. We take minerals from the ocean. One way to get salt is to place seawater in a shallow basin and leave it until it evaporates. Along with salt, other minerals are left after evaporation. Much gold and silver drift dissolved in the waters of the sea, too1. But the sea does not give them up by simple evaporation. Other gifts from the sea are pearls, sponges and seaweed. Pearls become jewelry. Natural sponges become cleaning aids. Seaweed becomes food of many kinds 一even candy, and ice cream —aswell as medicine. Believe it or not, fresh water is another gift from the sea. We cannot drink ocean water. Some of its contents may cause illness. But ocean water becomes fresh water when the salts are removed.In the future，we will find ourselves depending more and more on fresh water from the sea.The sea gives us food, fertilizer, minerals, water, and other gifts. What do we give the sea? Garbage. We pollute the ocean when we use it as a garbage dump.Huge as it is, the ocean cannot hold all the water that we pour into it. Dumping garbage into the ocean is killing off sea life2. Yet as the world population grows, we may need the sea and its gifts more than ever.We are finally learning that if we destroy our seas,we might also destroy ourselves. Hopefully, it is not too late.第二篇Teamwork in TourismGrowing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned. Government bureaus，trade and travel associations, carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum3 conditions for travelers.Travel operators, specialists in the field of planning, sponsor extensive research programs.They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services，and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and in preparing effective advertising campaigns. They distribute materials to agencies, such as journals, brochures and advertising projects. They offer familiarization and workshop tours so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling. In this way agents learn to explain destinations and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel-planes，ships，trains，motorcoaches, car-rentals，and even car purchases.Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts，considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement. Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels, and, conversely, hotels rely upon agencies, to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers，including car-rental and sight-seeing services. Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers，and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours. All services must work together for greater efficiency, fair pricing and contented customers.第三篇The Value of TearsTears can ruin make-up, bring conversation to a stop, and give you a runny nose. They can leave you embarrassed and without energy. However, crying is a fact of life, and tears are very useful. Even when you're not crying, your eyes producetears. These create a film over the ey e's surface. This film contains a substance that protects your eyes against infection.Tears relieve stress,but we tend to fight them for all sorts.of reasons. ".People worry about showing their emotions. They’re afraid that once they lose control, they’ll never get it back,”explains psychologist Dorothy Rowe.As children we were sometimes punished for shedding te ars or expressing anger. As adults we still fear the consequences of showing emotions.”Almost any emotion—good or bad, happy or sad—can cause tears. Crying is a way that we release built-up emotions. Tears help you when you feel you are ready to explode because of very strong feelings. It may explain why people who areafraid tocry often suffer more heart attac ksthan people cry more freely.When some people become very stressed, however, they can’t cry. They may be feeling shock,anger, fear, or grief, but they repress the emotion. “Everyone has the need to cry,” says psychotherapist Vera Diamond. Sometimes in therapy sessions, patients participate in crying exercise They practice crying so that they can get used toexpressing emotion. Diamond says it’s best to cry in safe, private places,like under the bed coversor in the car. That’s because many people get uncomfortable when others cry in front of them. In fact, they may be repressing their own need to cry.In certain situations, such as at work, tears are not appropriate.It’s good to hold backtears d uring a tense business discussion. “But once you are safely behind closed doors, don't just cry,” Diamond says, she suggests that you act out the wholesituation again and be as noisy and angry as you like. It will help you feel better. “And,” she adds, “once your tears have released the.stress, you can begin to think of logical way to deal with the pr oblem.”Tears are a sign of our ability to feel. You should never be afraid to cry.第四篇The First Four MinutesWhen do people decide whether or not they want to become friends? During their first four minutes together, accordi ng to a book by Dr. Leonard Zunin. In his book, ”Contact：The first four minutes" ’ he offers this advice to anyone interested in starting new friendships：“Every time you meet someone in a social situation, give him your undivided attention for four minutes. A lot of people's whole lives would change if they did just that. ”You may have noticed that the average person does not give his undivided attention to someone he has just met. He keeps looking over the other person's shoulder, as if hoping to find someone more interesting in another part of the room.If anyone has ever done this to you, you probably did not like him very much.When we are introduced to new people, the author suggests, we should try to appear friendly and self-confident. In genera l, he says, “People like people who like themselves1. ”On the other hand, we should not make the other person think we are too sure of ourselves. It is important to appear interested and sympathetic，realizing that the other person has his own needs,fears, and hopes.Hearing such advice, one might say, "But I'm not a friendly, self-confident person. That's not my nature. It would be dishonest for me to act that way. ”In reply, Dr. Zunin would claim that a little practice can help us feel comfortable about changing our social habits. We can become accustomed to any changes we choose to make in our personality. “It is like getting used to a new car. It may be unfamiliar at first, but it goes much better than the old one. ”But isn't it dishonest to give the appearance of friendly self-confidence when we don't actually feel that way? Perhaps, but according to Dr. Zunin, "total honesty" is not always good for social relationships, especially during the first few minutes of contact. There is a time for everything, and a certain amount of play-acting may be best for the first few minutes of contact with a stranger3 . That is not the time to complain about one's health or to mention faults one finds in other people. It is not the time to tell the whole truth about one's opinions and impressions.Much of what has been said about strangers also applies to4 relationships with family members and friends.For a husband and wife or a parent and child, problems often arise during their first four minutes together after they have been apart. Dr. Zunin suggests that these first few minutes together be treated with care. If there are unpleasant matters to be discussed, they should be dealt with later.The author says that interpersonal relations should be taught as a required course5 in everyschool, along with reading, writing, and mathematics. In his opinion, success in life depends mainly on how we get along with other people. That is at least as important as how much we know.第五篇Financial RisksSeveral types of financial risk are encountered in international marketing ；the major problems include commercial, political, and foreign exchange risk.Commercial risks are handled essentially as normal credit risks encountered in day-to-day business.They include solvency, default, or refusal to pay bills. The major risk, however, is competition which can only be dealt with through consistently effective management and marketing. One unique risk encountered by the international marketer involves financial adjustments. Such risk is encountered when a controversy arises about the quality of goods delivered, a dispute over contract terms, or any other disagreement over which payment is withheld. One company，for example，shipped several hundred tons of dehydrated potatoes to a distributor in Germany. The distributor tested the shipment and declared it to be below acceptable taste and texture standards. The alternatives for the exporter were reducing the price, reselling the potatoes, or shipping them home again, each involving considerable cost.Political risk relates to2 the problems of war or revolution, currency inconvertibility3, expropriation or expulsion, and restriction or cancellation of import licenses. Political risk is an environmental concern for all businesses. Management information systems and effective decision-making processes are the best defenses against political risk. As many companies have discovered, sometimes there is no way to avoid political risk，so marketers must be prepared to assume them or give up doing business in a particular market.Exchange-rate fluctuations inevitably cause problems, but for many years，most firms could take protective action to minimize their unfavorable effects. Floating exchange rates of the world's major currencies have forced all marketers to be especiallyaware of exchange-rate fluctuations and the need to compensate for them in their financial planning.International Business Machine Corporation, for example, reported that exchange losses resulted in a dramatic 21.6 percent drop in their earnings in the third quarter of 1981. Before rates were permitted to float, devaluations of major currencies were infrequent and usually could be anticipated, but exchange-rate fluctuations in the float system are daily affairs.补全短文译文译文：第一篇论我们给予大海的以及向大海索取的自我们在地球上生活乏始，我们就开始利用环绕着陆地的海洋。
2015年职称英语考试卫生类B级模拟试题及答案
2015年职称英语考试卫生类B级模拟试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。
1 I am not certain whether he will come.A sureB determinedC sorryD glad2 she seemed to have detected some anger in his voice.A heardB noticedC realizedD got3 Please do not hesitate to call me if I can be of further assistance.A seeB contactC helpD touch4 In short, I am going to live there myself.A In other wordsB That is to sayC To be frankD In a word5 He has trouble understanding that other people judge him by his social skills and conduct.A behaviorB styleC modeD attitude6 I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan.A makingB keepingC implementingD changing7 Mr. Johnson evidently regarded this as a great joke.A readilyB casuallyC simplyD obviously8 We all think that Mary's husband is a very boring person.A shyB stupidC selfishD dull9 The workers in that factory manufacture furniture.A promoteB paintC polishD produce10 they only have a limited amount of time to get their points across.A largeB totalC similarD small11 The high-speed trains can have a major impact on travel preferences.A influenceB forceC surpriseD power12 can you follow the plot?A changeB investigateC understandD write13 Even in a highly modernized country, Manual work is a still needed.A mentalB physicalC naturalD hard14 In the latter case the outcome can be serious indeed.A judgementB resultC decisionD event15 Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions.A beliefsB statementsC suggestionsD claims参考答案：01. A02. B03. B04. D05. A06. C07. D08. D09. D10. D11. A12. C13. B14. B15. A第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。
2015年职称英语卫生类B级考试补全短文练习题
2015年职称英语卫生类B级考试补全短文练习题When Candos Westez died at the age of 76, a language died, too, Westez, more commonly known as Rad Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the Native American language, Catawba. Anyonne who wants to hear various songs of the Catawba can contact the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., where ,back ___46___ They are all the that is of the Catawba language The language that people used to speak is gone forever.We are all aware of the damage that modern industry can do to th e world’s ecology (生态).However ,few people are aware of the impact that widely spoken all over the world .Chinese ,Spanish, Russian, and Hindi have become powerful languages, as well, ___47___ When this happens ,hundreds of languages that are spoken by only a few people die out.Scholars believe there are about 6,000 languages around the world , but more than half of them could die out within the next100 years. There are many examples. Areaki is a native languages of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. It is spoken by only a few older adults, so like Catawba ,Arahi will soondisappear .Many languages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each onehas only a few speakers.___48___. In the American 100 languages, each of which has fewer than 300 speaker ,also are dying out.Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of language death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the language was not his mother tongue___49___The songs he sang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American music popular. Now he is gone, and language is dead.What does it mean when a language disappear ?When a plant or insect or animal species dies. It is easy to understand what we’ve lost and appreciate what this means for the balance of the nature world. However, language is only a product of the mind. To be the last remaining speaker of a language, like Red Thunder Cloud. Must be a lonely destiny, almost as strange and temble as being last surviving member of a dying species___50___A. As these language become more powerful, their use as tools f business and culture increases.B. For the rest of us, when a language dies, we lose the possibility of a unique way of seeing and describing the world.C. These la nguages don’t have many native speaker.D. However, he is a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carolina.E. Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different language, but more than 100 of them are in danger of extinction(灭绝).F. Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart参考答案：46-50：FACDB更多职称英语考试免费资料请访问“新东方在线职称英语频道”。
2015年职称英语《卫生类》仿真模拟试题及答案(预测猜想+冲刺复习资料汇总大全+宝典秘籍攻略)
2015年职称英语《卫生类》仿真模拟试题及答案（1）第一部分：词汇选项(第1~15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1 The union representative put across her argument very effectively.A explainedB inventedC consideredD accepted2 He talks tough but has a tender heart.A heavyB strongC kindD wild3 It is no use debating the relative merits of this policy.A makingB takingC discussingD expecting4 Our statistics show that we consume all that we are capable of producing.A wasteB buyC useD sell5 The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters.A functionB abilityC powerD volume6 Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs.A tenselyB nearlyC carefullyD closely7 Her faith upheld her in times of sadness.A supportedB excitedC inspiredD directed8 The book provides a concise analysis of the country's history.A cleanB perfectC realD brief9 It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their membership cards at all times.A suggestedB warnedC statedD confirmed10 The council meeting terminated at 2 o'clock.A beganB continuedC endedD resumed11 A red flag was placed there as a token of danger.A signB substituteC proofD target12 However bad the situation is, the majority is unwilling to risk change.A reluctantB eagerC pleasedD angry13 It has been said that the Acts provided a new course of action and did not merely regulate or enlarge an old one.A limitB controlC replaceD offset14 The secretary is expected to explore ideas for post-war reconstruction of the area.A denyB investigateC stressD create15 The steadily rising cost of labor on the waterfront has greatly increased the cost of shipping cargo by water.A graduallyB suddenlyC excessivelyD exceptionally词汇选项：ACCCD DADCC AABBA第二部分-阅读判断A Pay Rise or Not?"Unless I get a rise, I'll have a talk with the boss, Henry Manley," George Strong said to himself. George liked his job and he liked the town he lived in, but his wife kept telling him that his pay was not enough to meet the needs of the family. That was why he was thinking of taking a job in Birmingham,a nearby city, about 50 miles away. He had been offered a job in a factory there, and the pay was far better.George lived in Wyeford, a medium-sized town. He really liked the place and didn't like the idea of moving somewhere else, but if he took the job in Birmingham, he would have to move his family there.Henry Manley was the manager of a small company manufacturing electric motors. The company was in deep trouble because, among other reasons, the Japanese were selling such things at very low prices. As a result, Manley had to cut his own prices and profits as well. Otherwise he would not get any orders at all. Even then, orders were still not coming in fast enough, so that there was no money for raises (加工资) for his workers Somehow, he had to struggle along and keep his best workers as well. He sighed. Just then the phone rang.His secretary told him that George Strong wanted to see him as soon as possible. Manley sighed again. He could guess what it was about. George Strong was a very young engineer. The company had no future unless it could attract and keep men like him Manley rubbed his forehead (前额); his problems seemed endless.1 Henry Manley was already deeply in debt.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned2 The job that had been offered to George in Birmingham paid better.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned3 If George took the job in Birmingham, he would have to leave his family at Wyeford.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned4 Henry Manley's company was in deep trouble.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned5 Henry Manley's company was making enough profits to raise the workers' wages.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned6 Henry Manley had no idea at all why George Strong wanted to see him.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned7 George Strong was the best engineer in Henry Manley's company.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned阅读判断：1. C 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. B 7. C第3部分：概括大意与完成句子(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分)下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段1选择个最佳标题;(2)第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。
职称英语考试模拟试题(2015年卫生类阅读理解)
Do you forget to turn off the lights and heaters when you go out of a room?In2040it will not matter.They will turn themselves off—and on again when you return.You will choose the temperature for each room,the lighting and the humidity.A sensor will detect the presence of a human and turn the systems on,and when the humans leave,it will turn them off again.The sensors will work through the central home computer, and they will do much more than just turn the fires and lights on and off for you.They will detect faulty electrical appliances,plugs or switches,isolate them so that they cannot harm anyone,and then warn you that they need repair.They will detect fire and if you are out of the house,the computer will call the fire brigade.It will also call the police should the sensors detect an intruder.This will not be very difficult because the locks on the outside doors will be electronic. You'll open them using your personal card—the one you use for shopping—maybe using a number known only to you.It will be impossible to lose the key,and a house breaker will have to tamper(拨弄)with the lock or with a window.It is not very difficult to make such tampering send a signal to the computer.The computer will be more than a fireman-policeman-servant.It will be an entertainer,and most of your entertainment will come right into your home.It does now,of course,but by2040 "entertainment"will mean much more.For one thing,you will be able to take part actively,rather than just waiting.1.What will happen in2040according to the writer?A.Lights and heaters will function automatically.B.Temperature will be fixed in all of your rooms.C.A sensor will tell whether you are in or out.D.Household appliances will be rejected.正确答案:A2.Which one is NOT mentioned as the function of the sensors?A.They can remind you of repairing the faulty appliances.B.They can detect some burglars.C.They can keep you safe from the dangerous plugs.D.They can call the brigade and the police if necessary.正确答案:D3.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the writer?A.You can open the doors by using a private number.B.You can open the doors by your personal shopping cards.C.The house breaker will be found out by the sensors when he unlocks the door with your key.D.Without the key,a house breaker will have to tamper with the lock or with a window.正确答案:C4.What will the life in2040be like?A.People will be free from the keys used today.B.People will be free from all kinds of locks.C.There will be no criminals in the world.D.All family things will be controlled by censors instead of human beings.正确答案:Aputer will be more beneficial to human beings in2040 because weA.can use a computer to enjoy all the amusement they need.B.can take part in the entertainment more actively.C.can use the computer to call the policemen,firemen and servants.D.can use computer as the only tool to get amusement正确答案:BThousands of people around the globe step outside to gaze at their night sky.On a clear night,with no clouds,moonlight, or artificial lights to block the view,people can see more than 14,000stars in the sky,says Dennis Ward,an astronomer withthe University Corporation for Atmospheric Research(UCAR)in Boulder,Colo1.But when people are surrounded by city lights, he says,they're lucky to see150stars.If you've ever driven toward a big city at night and seen its glow from a great distance,you've witnessed light pollution.It occurs when light from streetlights,office buildings,signs,and other sources streams into space and illuminates the night sky.This haze of light makes many stars invisible to people on Earth.Even at night,big cities like New York glow from light pollution,making stargazing2 difficult.Dust and particles of pollution from factories and industries worsen the effects of light pollution."If one city has a lot more light pollution than another,"Ward says,"that city will suffer the effects of light pollution on a much greater scale."Hazy skies also make it far more difficult for astronomers to do their jobs.Cities are getting larger.Suburbs are growing in once dark, rural areas.Light from all this new development is increasingly obscuring the faint light given off by distant stars.And if scientists can't locate these objects,they can'tlearn more about them.Light pollution doesn't only affect star visibility.It can harm wildlife too.It's clear that artificial light can attract animals,making them go off course3.There's increasing evidence,for example,that migrating birds use sunsets and sunrises to help find their way,says Sydney Gauthreaux Jr., a scientist at Clemson University in South Carolina."When light occurs at night,"he says,"it has a very disruptive influence."Sometimes birds fly into lighted towers, high-rises,and cables from radio and television towers. Experts estimate that millions of birds die this way every year.1.When can people see14,000starsA.When they have a fairly good telescope.B.When they are in a large city.C.When the night sky is clear of clouds,moonlight and artificial lights.D.When the night sky is without haze and fog.正确答案:C2.Which of the following statements is NOT related to light pollutionA.A haze of light is formed from artificial lights such as streetlights and building lights.B.Lights from different sources stream into space and illuminate the night sky.C.The night sky is illuminated by the lights from big glowing cities in the night.D.Stargazing becomes difficult because there is a layer of haze in the air正确答案:D3.Why does the writer think growing cities affect astronomers'workA.Because the once dark rural areas are polluted by lights.B.Because they can still see stars in rural areas.C.Because rural areas are not a good place for astronomers to study stars.D.Because faint light given off by stars can still be seen on a clear night正确答案:A4.Which of the following is NOT correctA.Animals may go off course due to the attraction of artificial lights.B.Animals might be attracted by artificial lights to go into cities.C.Artificial lights at night may make migrating birds losetheir way.D.Attracted by artificial lights,birds fly into lighted buildings.正确答案:B5.Which of the following is closest in meaning to the title "Light Night,Dark Stars"A.The night sky is light colored and stars are black.B.Lights appear at night and stars are seen in the dark.C.City lights illuminate the night sky and make stars invisible.D.City lights at night illuminate stars in the sky.正确答案:CModern scientists divide the process of dying into two phases --clinical or temporary death and biological death.Clinical death occurs when the vital organs，such as the heart or lungs.have cease to function，but have not suffered permanent damage.The organism can still be revived(复活).Biological death Occurs when changes in the organism lead to the“breaking up”of vital cells and tissues.Death is then unchangeable and final.Scientists have been seeking a way to prolong the period of clinical death so that the organism can remain alive beforebiological death occurs.The best method developed so far involves cooling of the organism，combined with narcotic(麻醉的)sleep.By slowing down the body’s metabolism(新陈代谢)，cooling delays the processes leading to biological death.To illustrate how this works，scientists performed an experiment on a six-year-old female monkey called Keta.The scientist put Keta to sleep with a narcotic.Then they surrounded her body with ice bags and began checking her body temperature.When it had dropped to28degrees the scientists began draining blood from an artery(动脉).The monkey’s blood pressure decreased and an hour later both the heart and respiration stopped：clinical death set in.For twenty minutes Keta remained in this state.Her temperature dropped to22 degrees.At this point the scientists pumped blood into an artery in the direction of the heart and started artificial respiration.After two minutes Keta’s heart become active once more.After fifteen minutes，spontaneous(自然产生的) respiration began,and after four hours Keta opened her eyes and lifted her head.After six hours，when the scientists tried to give her a penicillin injection，Keta seized the syringe(注射器)and ran with it around the room.Her behavior differed little from that of a healthy animal.1.Which of the following statements about the person who suffers from the clinical death is trueA.He still has the possibility of getting back to life.B.He is dead forever.C.Most of his important organs have been damaged permanently.D.Most of the important organs can go on functioning with little damage正确答案:A2.Why do scientists try to make the time of clinical death longerA.They want to slow down the process of metabolism.B.They want to bring the damaged cells and tissues back to life.C.They want to delay the coming of biological death.D.They want to save more time to cool the organs正确答案:C3.How did the scientists put the monkey into clinical deathA.By pumping blood into an artery in the direction of the heart.B.By surrounding her body with ice bags for a long time.C.By stopping her respiration and draining her blood.D.By putting her to sleep,lowering her temperature and draining her blood正确答案:D4.How long was Keta in the state of clinical deathA.2minutes.B.20minutes.C.4hours.D.6hours.正确答案:B5.What happened to the monkey when she was restored to the original state againA.Her metabolism was slower than ever before.B.She was willing to have the penicillin injection.C.She acted as lively as a healthy monkey.D.Her heartbeat was not so strong as before正确答案:CA proverb allegedly(据说)from ancient China was widely spread in the West：“If you want to be happy for a few hours，go to get drunk;if you want the happiness to last three years，get married：if you want a lifetime happiness，take up gardening.”The reason for the last option is this：Gardening is not only useful;it helps you to identify yourself withnature，and thus brings you new joy each day besides improving your health.A research of a US university that I've read gives a definition of happiness as what makes a person feel comfortably pleased.To put it specifically,happiness is an active state of mind where one thinks one's life is meaningful,satisfactory and comfortable.This should be something lasting rather than transitory.Lots of people regard it the happiest to be at leisure.But according to the study,it is not a person with plenty of leisure but one at work that feels happy,especially those busy with work having little time for leisure.Happiness does not spell gains one is after but a desire to harvest what one is seeking for.People often do not cherish what they already have but yearn for what they cannot get.That is somewhat like a man indulging in dreams of numerous lovers while reluctant to settle down with the woman beside him.Happiness is a game balancing between two ends--what one has and what one wishes for,i.e.one's dream and the possibility to realize it.The study comes to this conclusion: A happy man is one who aims high but never forgets his actual situation;one who meets challenges that tap his ability andpotentiality;one who is proud of his achievements and the recognition given to him.He has self-respect and self-confidence;treasures his own identity and loves freedom. He is sociable and enjoys wide-range communication with others; he is helpful and ready to accept assistance.He knows he is able to endure sufferings and frustrations;he is sensible enough to get fun from daily chores.He is a man capable of love and passion.1.Gardening can bring lifelong happiness becauseA.it is a profitable business.B.it can improve a gardener's ability to remake nature.C.a gardener can enjoy a very happy relationship in marriage.D.nature is an unexhausted source of joy正确答案:D2.The research of the US university found that most people feel happy when theyA.are at leisure.B.take the job of gardening.C.are after their goals.D.own great properties.正确答案:C3.Why does the writer mention"a man indulging in dreams of numerous lovers"(Lines5--6,Para.3)?A.To demonstrate the problem in marriage in modern society.B.To illustrate a radical way to achieve happiness.C.To criticize those who do not value what they already have.D.To indicate that happiness covers something besides the desire to gain正确答案:D4.What kind of person is more likely to be unhappy according to the study?A.The one who has self-respect and confidence.B.The one who is ambitious without consideration of his actual situation.C.The one who can take pleasure in communicating with others.D.The one who are ready to render help and accept help from others.正确答案:B5.What is happiness?A.A transitory state of mind.B.Getting everything what one desires.C.An all-working and no-leisure life.D.A desire based on our actual situation.正确答案:D。
2015职称英语考试预测题(卫生类C级补全短文)
How One Simple Movement Can Let Slip the Secrets of the Mind Body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all!It is said that our body movements communicate about50per cent of what we really mean while words themselves only express7per cent.So，while your mouth is closed，just what is your body saying…Alms._1_If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back，this suggests you are not afraid of taking on whatever comes your way._2_If someone upsets you，just cross your arms to show you’re unhappy!Head.When you want to appear confident，keep your head level.If you are monitor in class，you cart also take on this position when you want your words to be taken seriously._3_ Legs.Your legs tend to move around a lot more than normal when you are nervous or telling lies.If you are at interviews，try to keep them still!Posture.A good posture makes you feel better about yourself. _4_This makes breathing more difficult，which in turn can make you feel nervous or uncomfortable.Mouth.When you are thinking，you often purse your lips.You might also use this position to hoId back all angry comment you don’t wish to show._5_词汇：posture/n.姿势purse/vt.皱缩;皱拢inwards/adv.向内outgoing/adj.开朗的receptive/adj.善于接受的，能接纳的A If you are feeling down，you normally don’t sit straight，with your shoulders inwards.B If you are pleased，you usually open your eyes wide and people Can notice this.C Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements，while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.D How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet.E However,it will probably still be noticed，and people will know you’re not pleased.F However,to be friendly in listening or speaking，you must move your head a little to one side.参考答案：1.D本段讲的是手臂的动作。
2015年职称英语模拟题及答案(卫生类)
2015年职称英语考试卫生类B级全真模拟题及答案第 1 部分：词汇选项（第1-15 题，每题1 分，共1 5 分）下面每个句子中均有1 个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1 个意义最为接近的选项。
I．The government has launched a massive campaign against crimes in the big cities.A. proposedB. decidedC. begunD. studied2. It is very considerate of you to remember m y birthday.A. thoughtfulB. considerableC. carefulD. concerned3.1 was amazed at the beauty of the mountain w h e n I reached the top.A. excitedB. astonishedC. happyD. shocked4. The widespread use of X -rays poses the risk of overexposure to radiation.A. medicalB. spaciousC. experimentalD. general5. M y life is more precious to m e than m y property.A. valuableB. profitableC. dearD. noble6. H e made a great show of reluctance, but finally accepted m y offer.A. emotionB. unwillingnessC. angerD. postpone7. His success in work has tempted many to try this n e w method.A. attractedB. calledC. inspiredD. implied8. She could fix the machine without referring to the instructions.A. understandingB. observingC. consultingD. obtaining9. 1 didn’t have much confidence in m y talent as an actor.A. wisdomB. giftC. performanceD. show10. Her death was a great grief to him and I doubt if he ever recovered afterwards.A. got byB. got throughC. got onD. got offII．Revolutionary developments in China’s astronomy took place in the 1960’s.A. co m m e n c e dB. occurredC. were disputedD. were exchanged12. The polar lights, one of the most unusual phenomena in nature, is beautiful to behold.A. viewB. relateC. sketchD. withhold13. A supernova ( 超新星) is a star that explodes and then slowly fades to less than its original brightness.A. sizeB. weightC. radianceD. importance14. Over six million citizens of the United States benefit from private pension plans each year.A. unauthorizedB. confidential C . nontransferable D. non-governmental15. Since the 1950’s, literary critics have attempted to answer the question: When did children ' s literature first emerge as a distinct literary genre?A. improveB. appearC. conformD. respond第 2 部分：阅读判断（第16-22 题，每题1 分，共7 分）下面的短文后列出了7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A ; 如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B ; 如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C 。
2015年职称英语考试卫生类阅读理解模拟试题精选
第4部分：阅读理解。
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。
请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
A New Cause of SufferingA conference on obesity(肥胖症)was recently held in Vienna. Two thousand experts from more than fifty countries attended the conference. According to statistics, 1.2 billion people worldwide are overweight, and 250 million are too fat. Obesity is rapidly being a new cause of suffering.Professor Friedrich hopichler of Salzberg said: "we are living in the new age but with the metabolism(新代)of a stone-age man .I have just been to the United States. It is really terrible. A pizza(比萨饼) shop is appearing on every corner. We have been occupied by fast food and Coca-Cola-ization."Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said: "eighty per cent of all diabetics(糖尿病人)are too fat, also fifty per cent of all patients with high blood pressure and fifty per cent with fatty tissue plaints. Ten per cent more weight means thirteen pet cent more risk of heart disease. Reducing one's weight by ten per cent leads to thirteen per cent lower blood pressure."Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs. "the health insurance pays for surgery(such as reducing the size of the stomach)when the body-mass index(身体质量指数)is more than 40. That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.60 meters. One should start earlier."Toplak said tat prevention should begin in school. "Childobesity has a close relation with the time which children spend in front of TV sets."1How many people are suffering from obesity in the world?A250,000,000B25,000,000C1,200,000,000D120,000,0002the united states is cited as a country whereAobesity is not a problem at all.Byou can find many new things.Cterrible things happen all the time.Dit is easy to buy fast food.3according to the article, obesity is associated with all the following EXCEPTAhigh blood pressure.Bfatty tissue plaints.CstomachacheDheart disease4Hermann Toplak suggested that more money should be spent onAsurgeryBfat peopleCpreventive programsDstate health services.5in Toplak's opinion, the more time a child spends watching TVAthe better he will do in his studiesBthe more likely he will get too fatCthe less likely he will get too fatDthe more friends he will have at school参考答案：31. A 32. D 33. C 34. C 35. BHome HeatingCentral heating became popular only after the Civil War. Typically, coal—burning furnaces (火炉)fueled the early systems．Natural gas had developed into the leading fuel by 1960.Its acceptance resulted in part from its wide uses．Because it es primarily from U．S．and Canadian fields，natural gas is also less vulnerable(脆弱的)than oil is to War．Oil remains the most important fuel in a few areas．such as New England．Electric heating dominates most areas with mild winters and cheap electricity, including the South and the Northwest．It was made popular at least in the South by the low cost of adding electric heating to new houses built with air．conditioning．Bottled gas．which is somewhat more expensive than utility gas，is the fuel of choice in rural areas not served by utility pipelines．Wood is the leading heating fuel in just a few rural counties．Home heating，which accounts for less than 7 percent of a11 energy consumed in the U．S．has had a mendable(值得赞扬的)efficiency record：from 1978 to 1997，the amount of fuel consumed for this purpose declined 44 percent despite a 33 percent increase in the number of housing units and an increase in house size．The U．S．Department of Energy。
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Every Dog Has Its SayKimiko Fukuda，a Japanese girl，always wondered what her dog was trying to say Whenever she put on makeup，it would pull at her sleeve.______(46)When the dog barks，she glances at a small electronic gadget(装置)The following"human"translation appears on its screen："Please take me with you.""I realized that'S how he was feeling."said Fukuda.The gadget is called Bowlingual，and it translates dog barks into feelings.People laughed when the Japanese toymaker Takara Company made the world'S first dog-human translation machine in 2002 But 300，000 Japanese dog owners boughtit______(47)"Nobody else had thought about it," said Masahiko Kajita，who works for Takara.'We spend so much time training dogs to understand our orders;what would it be like if we could understand dogs?"Bowlingual has two parts_____(48)The translation is done in the gadget using a database(资料库)containing every kind of bark.Based on animal behaviour research，these noises are divided into six categories：happiness，sadness，frustration，anger，declaration and desire._____(49)In this way，the database scientifically matches a bark to an emotion，which is then translated into one of 200 phrases.When a visitor went to Fukuda'S house recently,the dog barked a loud''bow WOW".This translated as"Don't come this way"_______(50)The product will be available in US pet stores this summer for about US$120 It can up to 100 barks，even recording the dog'S emotions when the owner is away.A A wireless microphone is attached to the dog'S collar,which sends information to the gadget held by the owner,B Nobody really knows how a dog feelsC It was followed by"I'm stronger than you"as the dog growled(嗥叫)and sniffed(嗅) at the visitor.D More customers are expected when the English version is launched this summerE Now，the Japanese girl thinks she knows.F Each one of these emotions is then linked to a phrase like"Let'S play"."Look at me'' or"Spend more time with me".补全短文：46 E47 D 48 A49 F50 CGarlicFrom early times man has used garlic (大蒜). The Bible speaks of it. The Israelites (古以色列人) were once far from home. They cried out to Moses, their leader, for the foods they loved: leeks (韭菜), onions, and garlic. The Romans, like theIsraelites, loved to eat garlic. And they hung bags of garlic around their necks. _____(1) They also thought it would keep them from getting sick.A similar idea is still held. Many people take garlic thinking it will prevent or cure disease. Most doctors say it does no such thing. _____(2) Its smell may force people to stay far apart. At least then they can't pass germs on to each other. _____(3) What if you're in a play, for instance? Actors have been known to forget their lines because they couldn't stand the garlic smell on a fellow actor's breath. Some have even made up new lines and actions that kept them far away from the one who had eaten garlic.Through the years man has tried to cope with the smell of garlic. _____(4) We now know why. It's been found that the oils of the garlic do not stick to the teeth, Garlic tongue, or gums (齿龈). They go into the lungs instead. From there they are breathed out. They pass out through the skin too.Strange as it seems, food may have a great deal of garlic in it without smelling or tasting strong. It all depends on how it is cooked. French cooks make a good soup with whole cloves (瓣) of garlic. They use more than thirty cloves in one bowl of soup. But they take care not to crush them. And they cook them whole. _____(5) And as the cloves cook they change in some strange way. The soup turns out to be delicious. It's not strong at all.A But no medicine, mouthwash, chewing gum, or toothpaste seems to help muchB As a result, the strong oils stay in the cloves.C They say it may help in one way, though.D Many people eat garlic.E But keeping your distance can be hard at times.F They hoped it would keep away the evil eye.补全短文46. F 47. C 48. E 49. A 50. BThe black robin (旅鸫) is one of the world's rarest birds. It is a small, wild bird, and it lives only on the island of Little Mangere, off the coast of New Zealand. In 1967 there were about fifty black robins there; in 1977 there were fewer than ten.__________(46)Energetic steps are being taken to preserve the black robin.__________(47) The idea is to buy another island nearby as a special home, a "reserve", for threatened wild life, including black robins. The organizers say that Little Mangere should then be restocked (重新准备) with the robin's food. Thousands of the required plants are at present being cultivated in New Zealand.Is all this concern a waste of humaneffort?__________(48) Are we losing our sense of what is reasonable and what is unreasonable?In the earth's long, long past hundreds of kinds of creatures have evolved, risen to a degree of success and died out. In the long, long future there will be many new and different forms of life. Those creatures that adapt themselves successfully to what the earth offers will survive for a long time.__________(49) This is nature's proven method of operation.The rule of selection--"the survival of the fittest"--is the one by which human beings have themselves arrived on the scene. We, being one of the most adaptable creatures the earth has yet produced, may last longer than most.__________ (50) You may take it as another rule that when, at last, human beings show signs of dying out, no other creature will extend a paw (爪) to postpone our departure. On the contrary, we will be hurried out.Life seems to have grown too tough for black robins.I leave you to judge whether we should try to do anything about it.A Some creatures, certain small animals, insects and birds, will almost certainly outlast (比…长久) man, for they seem even more adaptable.B Those that fail to meet the challenges will disappear early.C Detailed studies are going on, and a public appeal for money has been made.D Both represent orders in the classification of life.E Is it any business of ours whether the black robin survives or dies out?F These are the only black robins left in the world.参考答案：F C E B AEach year thousands of people worldwide are killed or seriously injured by fires started in mattresses. 46 . To help prevent fires in crowded public spaces, E. I. Du Pont de Nemours &Co. recently invented a fire?resistant fabric(防火织物). The company claims that this fabric significantly reduces the combustibility(易燃性) of mattresses and upholstered(装有套子或垫子的)furniture. In tests conducted by a Boston-based hotel chain, the material has proved very efficient in preventing or delaying the combustion of mattresses and furniture after fires have been started. 47 . California and several other states are considering new regulations that would require the use of fire-resistant furniture in public places (defined as area where 10 or more people gather). 48 . American laws require hotels to buy fire-resistant mattress covers, though covers made of fiber glass(纤维玻璃) and cotton do exist and are used by some companies. 49 .The Du Pont fabric will sell for less than $5 a yard and it is believed that the market will develop over the next two years. 50 .A The development of the material is timelyB And last year, England passed a law requiring that all furniture contain fine?resistant materialC The company expects that the competition will be very strong in the market because right now, its product is just one optionD And there are some expectsE Often the fires occur in hotels, and are caused by people smoking in bedF However, the cotton covers wash out over time and the fiber glass is not very comfortable答案：46 E 47 A 48 B 49 F 50 CGrowing cooperation among branches of tourism has proved valuable to all concerned. Government bureaus, trade and travel associations, carriers and properties are all working together to bring about optimum conditions for travelers.Travel operators, specialists in the field of planning, sponsor extensive research programs. They have knowledge of all areas and all carrier services, and they are experts in organizing different types of tours and ____(1)____. They distribute materials to agencies, such as journals, brochuresand advertising projects. They offer familiarization and workshop tours ____(2)____.Tourist counselors give valuable seminars to acquaint agents with new programs and techniques in selling. In this way agents learn ____(3)____ and to suggest different modes and combinations of travel - planes; ships, trains, motorcoaches, car-rentals, and even car purchases.Properties and agencies work closely together to make the most suitable contracts, considering both the comfort of the clients and their own profitable financial arrangement. Agencies rely upon the good services of hotels, and, conversely, ____(4)____, to fulfill their contracts and to send them clients.The same confidence exists between agencies and carriers, ____(5)____. Carriers are dependent upon agencies to supply passengers, and agencies are dependent upon carriers to present them with marketable tours. All services must work together for greater efficiency, fair pricing and contented customers.A including car-rental and sight-seeing services.B so that in a short time agents can obtain first-hand knowledge of the tours.C in preparing effective advertising campaignsD as a result tourism is flouring in all countriesE hotels rely upon agenciesF to explain destinations KEYS: CBFEA。