八年级英语下Unit6 学案二

课题：Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?
学案二（Section A 3a-4）
一、学习目标
1. 知识目标
(1) 掌握下列单词：pair, skater, raise, several
(2) 巩固现在完成进行时
2. 能力目标：灵活运用现在完成进行时
二、重点难点
1.重点：掌握并灵活运用句型“how long...”
2.难点：灵活运用现在完成进行时态
三、教学过程
（一）预习检测，导入新课
1.单词与短语
通过滑冰为慈善机构募捐____________________________ 几个的，数个的________
第一个开始的人____________________________ 整整五小时__________________________ Three and a half year ___________________
2.想一想
(1). 从课本P46上3a文章中的哪句话我们可以知道这是一篇记者的现场报道稿？
_______________________________________________________________
(2). Who was the first one to start skating? How long has she been skating?
_______________________________________________________________
(3). How long have Sam and Lu Ning been skating?
_______________________________________________________________
（二）自主学习，探究新知
{1} For every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.
他们每滑冰1个小时，每个学生为慈善机构筹集10元钱
each和every都有“每个”的意思，但是用法不同：
(1)each具有形容词和名次的功能，可当主语、定语；而every只具有形容词的功能，做定语。

(2)each指两个或者两个以上的人或事物中的“每个”，侧重于个体；every指三个或这三个以上的人或事物的“每个”，侧重指全体。

(3)every总是修饰但数名词，谓语动词也用单数形式。

【小试身手】选择each或every填空。

①He gave a book to_______ of his parents.
②______ man and woman knows that.
{2}Alison was the first one to start and has been skating for... .艾莉森是第一个开始的，已经滑了...。

the first one to start, 这里的one是代词，指代skater“滑冰者”。

一般指上文曾提到过的那类物种的一个。

常见的一个结构：be+序数词+sb.+to do sth “第几个做某事的人”
eg: She is always the first one to get to school.她总是第一个到达学校的人。

｛3｝Three and a half. 3年半了。

含有half的表达方式：数词+名次(单/复数)+and+a half
数词+and+a half+名词(复数)
一个半小时one/an hour and a half 两个半小时two hours and a half
one and a half hours two and a half hours
（三）当堂训练，知识巩固（注：当堂训练作业满分10分）
1.单项选择。

( )(1). She began to skate_____.
A.for two and a half years
B. since two years and a half
C. two and a half years ago
( )(2). He has been teaching in the school ___ he was twenty years old.
A.for
B. at
C. since
D./
( )(3). I was ___ get to the top of the hill.
A.the first one to
B. the first one
C. the one first to
D. first one to
( )(4). Lucy is ill. She has been away from school for___.
A.one day and half
B. one and a half days
C. one and half a day
D. a half and one days ( )(5). Jack has been studying Chinese in this school ___ the year 2000.
A.since
B. in
C. for
D. by
2.根据括号中所给动词的提示完成下列句子及对话
(6).Mike is hard-working. He is always the first one _____(come) to school and the last one____(leave).
(7)He began to ________ ten years ago. And he ________ for ten years.(sing)
(8)---A:________ you ________(like) English? ---B:Yes, I do.
---A:How long ________ you ________(learn) it? ---B: For five years.
(9)I _______________(sleep) for only three hours.
(10)---A: What ________ you ________(do)? ---B:We are watching a new movie.
---A: How long __________ you __________(watch) it? ---B: Since ten o'clock.
3.附加题：改错并解释原因。

1.There are many shops on every side of the street. _________________________________________
2.I gave a present to every one of her parents. _____________________________________________
3.I saw each was busy with his work._____________________________________________________
4.I think every answer of the three is right. ________________________________________________
四、教学小结: 掌握【自主学习，探究新知】里的内容，进一步巩固现在完成进行时的用法。

五、课后练习：《课堂同步练习册》Section A部分的习题。

六、课后反思
第1页共2 页第2页共2 页。