河北省武邑中学2021-2022学年高二上学期寒假作业英语试题4 Word版含答案

河北武邑中学2021-2022学年高二寒假作业英语学科（第四期）完成时间腊月29命制人：审查人：班级_________ 同学姓名_______________ 家长签字________________其次部分阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AGETTING A GRANTWho pays?The local education authority (LEA) for the area in which the student is living.Who can get this money?Anyone who gets a place on a first degree course, although a student who has already attended a course of advanced further education may not. Students must also have been resident in the UK for at least three years, which can exclude some students from overseas.SPECIAL CASESIf a student has worked before going to college?A student who is 26 or more before the course starts and who has worked for at least three of the previous six years will get extra money – £155 a year if 26, increasing to a maximum of £615 at 29 or more.If a student is handicapped?LEAs will give up to £500 to help meet extra expenses – such as buying a tape recorder for a blind student, extra heating or special food.Banking?Most of the big banks offer special services to students who open accounts (in the hope that they will stay with thebank when they become rich officials). A student won’t usually have to pay bank charges as long as the account stays in credit. Some banks allow students to overdraw by £100 or so, and still don’t make charges (though they d o charge interest).21. The underlined phrase “a grant” in the first line most probably means _____.A. bank interestB. a credit cardC. financial aidD. an education fee22. A 31-year-old nurse wishes to qualify as a doctor at a university. She has worked since she was 25. How much extra money will she get a year?A.None.B. £155.C. £515.D.£615.23. A big bank offers a new student special services because _____.A. they need student accounts badlyB. they charge students extra interestC. they hope he’ll be a potential customerD. they know he can get money regularlyBSpace is a dangerous place, not only because of meteors(流星) but also because of rays from the sun and others stars. The atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem”. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage --- a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her physical organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed children or even grandchildren.Missions of the Apollo flight have had to cross belts of high amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones havebeen found so far.24.According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that ________A. it provides enough light for plant growth.B. it protects man against the harmful rays from space.C. it supplies the heat necessary for human survival.D. it screens off the falling meteors.25.Why is it difficult to identify space radiation damage?A.The effect of exposure to radiation is slow in coming.B. Tiny amounts of radiation do no harm to human body.C. Only more than 60 rems of radiation can be discovered immediately.D. Astronauts in spacesuits won’t be hurt by radiation.26.It can be inferred from the passage that _______A. the Apollo mission was very successful.B. protection from space radiation is no easy job.C. astronauts will have disabled children or grandchildren.D. radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers.27. The best title for this passage would be ______.A. The Atmosphere and Our EnvironmentB. Research on RadiationC. Importance of Protection Against RadiationD. Effects of Space RadiationCEvery April I am troubled by the same concern -- that spring might not occur this year. The landscape looks dull, with hills, sky and forest appearing gray. My spirits ebb, as they did during an April snowfall when I first came to Maine 15 years ago. "Just wait," a neighbor advised. "You'll wake up one morning and spring will just be here."And look, on May 3 that year I awoke to a green so amazing as to be almost electric, as if spring were simply a matter of flipping a switch. Hills, sky and forest revealed their purples, blues and green. Leaves had unfolded and daffodils were fighting their way heavenward.Then there was the old apple tree. It sits on an undeveloped lot in my neighborhood. It belongs to no one and therefore to everyone. The tree's dark twisted branches stretch out in unpruned（未经修剪的）abandon. Each spring it blossoms so freely that the air becomes filled with the scent of apple.Until last year, I thought I was the only one aware of this tree. And then one day, in a bit of spring madness, I set out with pruner to remove a few disorderly branches. No sooner had I arrived under the tree than neighbors opened their windows and stepped onto their porches(门廊). These were people I barely knew and seldom spoke to, but it was as if I had come uninvited into their personal gardens.My mobile-home neighbor was the first to speak. "You're not cutting it down, are you?" she asked anxiously. Another neighbor frowned as I cut off a branch. "Don't kill it, now," he warned. Soon half the neighborhood had joined me under the apple tree. It struck me that I had lived there for five years and only now was learning these people's names, what they did for a living and how they passed the winter. It was as if the old apple tree was gathering us under its branches for the purpose of both acquaintanceship and shared wonder. I couldn't help recalling Robert Frost's words:The trees that have it in their pent-up budsTo darken nature and be summer woodsOne thaw led to another. Just the other day I saw one of my neighbors at the local store. He remarked how this recent winter had been especially long and complained of not having seen or spoken at length to anyone in our neighborhood. And then, he looked at me and said, "We need to prune that apple tree again."28. By saying that “my spirits ebb” (Para. 1), the author means that _________________.A. he feels blueB. he feels relievedC. he is surprisedD. he is tired29. The apple tree mentioned in the passage is most likely to _________________.A. have been abandoned by its original ownerB. be regarded as a delight in the neighborhoodC. have been neglected by everyone in the communityD. be appealing only to the author30. According to Para. 4, why did the neighbors open their windows and step onto their porches?A. They were surprised that someone unknown was pruning the tree.B. They wanted to prevent the author from pruning the treeC. They were concerned about the safety of the treeD. They wanted to get to know the author31. It can be inferred that the author’s neighbor mentioned in the last paragraph most cared about ___.A. the neighborhood gatheringB. how to pass the long winterC. when spring would arriveD. the pruning of the apple treeDTaste is such subjective matter that we do not usually conduct preference tests for food. The most you can say about anyone’s preference is that it’s one person’s opinion. But beca use the two big cola companies ---- Coca-Cola and Pepsi Cola are marketed so aggressively, we’ve wondered how big a role taste preference actually plays in brand loyalty. We set up a taste test that challenged people who identified themselves as either Coca-Cola or Pepsi fans: Find your brand in a blind tasting.We invited staff volunteers who had a strong liking for either Coca-Cola or Pepsi, Diet Coke, or Diet Pepsi. These were people who thought they’d have no trouble telling their brand from the other brand. We eventually located 19 regular cola drinkers and 27 diet cola drinkers. Then we fed them four unidentified samples of cola one at a time, regular colas for the one group, diet versions for the other. We asked them to tell us whether each sample was Coke or Pepsi; then we analyzed the records statistically to compare the participants’ choices with what mere guess-work could have accomplished.Getting all four samples right was a tough test, but not too tough, we thought, for people who believed they could recognize their brand. In the end, only 7 out of 19 regular cola drinkers correctly identified their brand of choice in all four trials. The diet-cola drinkers did a little worse-only 7 to 27 identified all four samples correctly.While both groups did better than chance would predict, nearly half the participants in each group made the wrong choice two or more times. Two people got all four samples wrong. Overall, half the participants did about as well on the last round tasting as on the first, so tiredness or taste burnout was not a factor. Our preference test result suggests that only a few Pepsi participants and Coke fans may really be able to tell their favorite brand by taste and price.32. According to the passage the preference test was conducted in order to______.A. show that a person’s opinion about taste is mere guess-workB. show which cola is the more liking of the drinkersC. find out the role taste preference plays in a person’s choice of drinkingD. compare the ability of the participants in choosing their drinks33. It is implied in the first paragraph that ________.A. the competition between the two colas is very strongB. the improvement of quality is the chief concern of the two cola companiesC. the purpose of taste tests is to promote the sale of colasD. blind tasting is necessary for identifying fans34. The statistics recorded in the preference tests show that________.A. Coca-Cola and Pepsi are people’s two favorite drinksB. few people had trouble telling Coca-Cola from PepsiC. people’s tastes differ from one anotherD. there is not much difference in taste between Coca-Cola and Pepsi35. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to _______A. argue that taste testing is an important marketing strategyB. show that taste preference is highly subjectiveC. emphasize that taste and price are closely related to each otherD. recommend that blind tasting be introduced in the quality control of colas.其次节(共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分)依据短文内容，从文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。