直接引语和间接引语(21张PPT)
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Mary asked me if / whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.
简析:直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语 时,要用连词whether或if引导,而不用that。
5. “What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.
❖ 3、Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet. (Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。10:516.17.202110:516.17.202110:5110:51:196.17.202110:516.17.2021
1、人称的变化 ：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
口诀
说明
直接引语
Байду номын сангаас
间接引语
一 引号内的第一人
随 称变间引后与主 She said,“ I like She said that she
主
句主语的人称保 持一致
Tennis.”
liked tennis.
二 引号内的第二人 He said to Lily, He told Lily that
the little boy said happily.
The little boy said happily that he has gained the first place in the mathematics competition.
The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.
The teacher asked me why I had been late again.
5. “I don’t like swimming,” said Sarah. Sarah said she didn’t like swimming.
6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian. His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”
❖
15、一年之计，莫如树谷；十年之计 ，莫如 树木； 终身之 计，莫 如树人 。2021年8月2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/148/14/2021
❖
16、提出一个问题往往比解决一个更 重要。 因为解 决问题 也许仅 是一个 数学上 或实验 上的技 能而已 ，而提 出新的 问题， 却需要 有创造 性的想 像力， 而且标 志着科 学的真 正进步 。2021/8/142021/8/14August 14, 2021
Don’t make noise!
He asked me to follow him.
He ordered/told me not to make noise.
Be quiet! He ordered/told
me to be quiet!
结论二
直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时， 要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。
直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语
时,用连词if或whether连接。
直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语 时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。
结论三
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把 动词原形变成动词不定式，否定句，在 动词不定式前加not或never. 并根据语气的不同在动词不定前加tell, ask, order ,beg ，advise等动词。
用自己的话转述别人 的话。间接引语在多 数情况下都构成一个 宾语从句。
直接引语 间接引语
在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化 1. 注意时态的变化 2. 注意人称变化。 3. 注意指示代词的变化 4. 注意时间的变化 5. 注意地点的变化 6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化
I am good at dancing.
The shoes are too big for me.
What did he say?
He said the shoes were too big for him.
Grammar
Direct and Indirect Speech
直接引语和间接引语
基本概念
直接引述别人的原话。 通常都用引号“”括起 来。
He said that he hadn’t heard from him since May. 3.Tom said “I will see you next week.” Tom said that he would see me the next week.
4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me.
❖ 4、All that you do, do with your might; things done by halves are never done right. ----R.H. Stoddard, American poet做一切事都应尽力而为，半途而废永远不行6.17.20216.17.202110:5110:5110:51:1910:51:19
She said she was good at dancing.
I visited the Great Wall yesterday.
She said she had visited the Great Wall the day before.
结论一
直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引 语 时 用 连 词 that 引 导 宾 语 从 句 .
The old man asked my brother what he had done here yesterday.
The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.
简析:直接引语变为间接引语时, 指示代词、时间状语、 地点状语一般也要作相应改变,如
The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived
简析:一般说来,直接引语是疑问句,将其变为间接引语 时,原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。
2. “I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,”
Exercises
1. He said , “I m afraid I can’t finish this work.” He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work. 2.He said , “I haven’t heard from him since May.”
13、He who seize the right moment, is the right man.谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成 。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/142021/8/148/14/2021
❖
14、谁要是自己还没有发展培养和教 育好， 他就不 能发展 培养和 教育别 人。2021年8月 14日星 期六2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/14
❖
Do you like flowers?
She asked me whether/if I liked flowers?
Where are you She asked me
going for your where I were going
holiday?
for my holiday.
Follow me, please!
随 称变间引后与主 “ you must get she must get up
宾 句宾语的人称保 up early.”
early.
持一致
三 引号内的第三人 She said to me , She told me that
不 称在变间引后人 “ They want to they wanted to
❖
11、一个好的教师，是一个懂得心理 学和教 育学的 人。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/14Aug-2114- Aug-21
❖
12、要记住，你不仅是教课的教师， 也是学 生的教 育者， 生活的 导师和 道德的 引路人 。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/14Satur day, August 14, 2021
7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me. My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.
巩固提高
1. The teacher said，“Don’t be late，Mary. ” The teacher told ____. A. Mary not to be late B. Mary to be not late C. Mary are not late D. not to be late
❖ 5、You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success. ----Charles Chaplin人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。-Thursday, June 17, 2021June 21Thursday, June 17, 20216/17/2021
从句中的人称,时态,指示代词, 时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.
❖
9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做； 要学生 学的知 识，教 职员躬 亲共学 ；要学 生守的 规则， 教职员 躬亲共 守。2021/8/142021/8/14Saturday, August 14, 2021
❖
10、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出 的人谈 话。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/148/14/2021 2:07:25 AM
The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light traveled faster than sound.
The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.
变 称不变
help him.”
help him.
直接引语和间接引语正误例析
1. “Where does your chemistry teacher live,Karen?” the young man asked.
The young man asked Karen where did her chemistry teacher live.
❖
17、儿童是中心，教育的措施便围绕 他们而 组织起 来。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/142021/8/14
❖ 2、Our destiny offers not only the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. (Richard Nixon, American President )命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。二〇二一年六月十七日2021年6月17日星期四
简析:直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句的谓语动词 是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词一般要用相应的某种过 去时态, 所以本句中的现在完成时应改为过去完成时。
3. “Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.
简析:直接引语为客观真理、格言时,变为间接引语,时 态无需改变。
4. “Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.
Mary asked me that I would go to the concert with her that evening.
简析:直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语 时,要用连词whether或if引导,而不用that。
5. “What did you do here yesterday?” the old man asked my brother.
❖ 3、Patience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet. (Jean Jacques Rousseau , French thinker)忍耐是痛苦的，但它的果实是甜蜜的。10:516.17.202110:516.17.202110:5110:51:196.17.202110:516.17.2021
1、人称的变化 ：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新
口诀
说明
直接引语
Байду номын сангаас
间接引语
一 引号内的第一人
随 称变间引后与主 She said,“ I like She said that she
主
句主语的人称保 持一致
Tennis.”
liked tennis.
二 引号内的第二人 He said to Lily, He told Lily that
the little boy said happily.
The little boy said happily that he has gained the first place in the mathematics competition.
The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.
The teacher asked me why I had been late again.
5. “I don’t like swimming,” said Sarah. Sarah said she didn’t like swimming.
6. His friends asked him if he would go to Dalian. His friends asked him, “Will you go to Dalian?”
❖
15、一年之计，莫如树谷；十年之计 ，莫如 树木； 终身之 计，莫 如树人 。2021年8月2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/148/14/2021
❖
16、提出一个问题往往比解决一个更 重要。 因为解 决问题 也许仅 是一个 数学上 或实验 上的技 能而已 ，而提 出新的 问题， 却需要 有创造 性的想 像力， 而且标 志着科 学的真 正进步 。2021/8/142021/8/14August 14, 2021
Don’t make noise!
He asked me to follow him.
He ordered/told me not to make noise.
Be quiet! He ordered/told
me to be quiet!
结论二
直接引语是疑问句，变间接引语时， 要从疑问语序变为陈述语序。
直接引语是一般疑问句,变为间接引语
时,用连词if或whether连接。
直接引语是特殊疑问句,变为间接引语 时,仍用原来的疑问词作连词来引导。
结论三
直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语，把 动词原形变成动词不定式，否定句，在 动词不定式前加not或never. 并根据语气的不同在动词不定前加tell, ask, order ,beg ，advise等动词。
用自己的话转述别人 的话。间接引语在多 数情况下都构成一个 宾语从句。
直接引语 间接引语
在直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化 1. 注意时态的变化 2. 注意人称变化。 3. 注意指示代词的变化 4. 注意时间的变化 5. 注意地点的变化 6. 注意个别趋向动词的变化
I am good at dancing.
The shoes are too big for me.
What did he say?
He said the shoes were too big for him.
Grammar
Direct and Indirect Speech
直接引语和间接引语
基本概念
直接引述别人的原话。 通常都用引号“”括起 来。
He said that he hadn’t heard from him since May. 3.Tom said “I will see you next week.” Tom said that he would see me the next week.
4. “Why were you late again?” The teacher said to me.
❖ 4、All that you do, do with your might; things done by halves are never done right. ----R.H. Stoddard, American poet做一切事都应尽力而为，半途而废永远不行6.17.20216.17.202110:5110:5110:51:1910:51:19
She said she was good at dancing.
I visited the Great Wall yesterday.
She said she had visited the Great Wall the day before.
结论一
直接引语是陈述句,变为间接引 语 时 用 连 词 that 引 导 宾 语 从 句 .
The old man asked my brother what he had done here yesterday.
The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.
简析:直接引语变为间接引语时, 指示代词、时间状语、 地点状语一般也要作相应改变,如
The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived
简析:一般说来,直接引语是疑问句,将其变为间接引语 时,原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。
2. “I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,”
Exercises
1. He said , “I m afraid I can’t finish this work.” He said that he was afraid he couldn’t finish that work. 2.He said , “I haven’t heard from him since May.”
13、He who seize the right moment, is the right man.谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成 。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/142021/8/148/14/2021
❖
14、谁要是自己还没有发展培养和教 育好， 他就不 能发展 培养和 教育别 人。2021年8月 14日星 期六2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/14
❖
Do you like flowers?
She asked me whether/if I liked flowers?
Where are you She asked me
going for your where I were going
holiday?
for my holiday.
Follow me, please!
随 称变间引后与主 “ you must get she must get up
宾 句宾语的人称保 up early.”
early.
持一致
三 引号内的第三人 She said to me , She told me that
不 称在变间引后人 “ They want to they wanted to
❖
11、一个好的教师，是一个懂得心理 学和教 育学的 人。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/14Aug-2114- Aug-21
❖
12、要记住，你不仅是教课的教师， 也是学 生的教 育者， 生活的 导师和 道德的 引路人 。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/14Satur day, August 14, 2021
7. “Have you been to Paris?” My classmate asked me. My classmate asked me if I had been to Paris.
巩固提高
1. The teacher said，“Don’t be late，Mary. ” The teacher told ____. A. Mary not to be late B. Mary to be not late C. Mary are not late D. not to be late
❖ 5、You have to believe in yourself. That's the secret of success. ----Charles Chaplin人必须相信自己，这是成功的秘诀。-Thursday, June 17, 2021June 21Thursday, June 17, 20216/17/2021
从句中的人称,时态,指示代词, 时间状语,地点状语等相应变化.
❖
9、要学生做的事，教职员躬亲共做； 要学生 学的知 识，教 职员躬 亲共学 ；要学 生守的 规则， 教职员 躬亲共 守。2021/8/142021/8/14Saturday, August 14, 2021
❖
10、阅读一切好书如同和过去最杰出 的人谈 话。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/148/14/2021 2:07:25 AM
The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light traveled faster than sound.
The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faster than sound.
变 称不变
help him.”
help him.
直接引语和间接引语正误例析
1. “Where does your chemistry teacher live,Karen?” the young man asked.
The young man asked Karen where did her chemistry teacher live.
❖
17、儿童是中心，教育的措施便围绕 他们而 组织起 来。2021/8/142021/8/142021/8/142021/8/14
❖ 2、Our destiny offers not only the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity. (Richard Nixon, American President )命运给予我们的不是失望之酒，而是机会之杯。二〇二一年六月十七日2021年6月17日星期四
简析:直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句的谓语动词 是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词一般要用相应的某种过 去时态, 所以本句中的现在完成时应改为过去完成时。
3. “Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.
简析:直接引语为客观真理、格言时,变为间接引语,时 态无需改变。
4. “Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me.
Mary asked me that I would go to the concert with her that evening.