【市级联考】江苏省镇江市2019届高三一模(含听力)英语试题(解析版)

2019届高三年级第一次模拟考试(二)
英语
第一部分听力(共两节，满分20分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
How did the woman feel about her presentation?
A. Relaxed.
B. Confident.
C. Anxious.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M:Well,I’m glad that’s over. I’ve been worried about that presentation all week. W: I was the same when I did mine. The night before I kept thinking what could go wrong.
2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
Who built the scenery?
A. A carpenter.
B. The students.
C. A designer.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: Did the student build the scenery for the program? W: No, they had a carpenter make it according to their designs.
3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. Which orders are urgent.
B. How many orders they've packed.
C. Whether to leave work right now.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】W: How many orders do we still need to pack? It’s time to go home. M: About ten more. W: Maybe we can finish it tomorrow. M: Why not? These orders are not urgent. We could do it first thing tomorrow morning.
4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
How did the woman read the book?
A. She read through it.
B. She read the front chapters.
C. She read the chapters that interested her.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: Have you read the whole book since noon today? W: Oh, I haven’t read it straight through the way you read a novel. A few chapters were on the topic that interested me. So I just read those.
5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
What does the man want the woman to do?
A. Come to his house at 8:00.
B. Attend a gathering.
C. Help him with a job.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M:Hi, Lucy. I’m happy to get together when a few friends at my house to celebrate my job. It would be great to see you. W:When are you starting? M:At about 8. But feel free to arrive when you want.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
6. Where does this conversation most probably take place?
A. In a park.
B. In a hospital.
C. At home.
7. When did the man get hurt?
A. When he was running.
B. When he was cooking.
C. When he was climbing a tree.
【答案】6. C 7. A
【解析】
【原文】W: What on earth has happened to you? M: I tripped up when I was running in the park. I fell on a bid of tree or something. W: Let me see. It’s quite a deep cut. You’d better wash it in the bathroom. M: Yeah, I will. W: You know, if I were you, I’d go down an emergency room in the hospital. M: I’m not going al l the way to the hospital about a cut. W: If it doesn’t stop bleeding, I’ll give the doctor a ring. M: Ok, please looking our first-aid box and give me some bandages.
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
8. How did the man know about the shared house?
A. From an online advert.
B. From a newspaper.
C. From a flatmate.
9. Why does the man want to move out of the shared house?
A. It is quite noisy.
B. It is too crowded.
C. It is dirty at weekends.
【答案】8. B 9. C
【解析】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
10. What happened to the man on Saturday morning?
A. His car broke down.
B. He got lost in the forest.
C. He was caught in the rain.
11. How long did it take the man to find the campsite around the forest?
A. About half an hour.
B. About one hour.
C. About two hours.
12. Where did the man stay this weekend?
A. In a hotel.
B. At home.
C. At the campsite.
【答案】10. A 11. B 12. A
【解析】
听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Interviewer and interviewee.
B. Boss and clerk.
C. Fellow workers.
14. Where has the woman been working?
A. In a library.
B. In a small bookshop.
C. In a branch of a big company.
15. What does the woman say about Raystone's?
A. It is independent.
B. It is growing quickly.
C. It offers good online service.
16. How would the woman describe herself?
A. Ambitious.
B. Successful.
C. Reliable.
【答案】13. A 14. B 15. A 16. C
【解析】
听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。

【此处有音频，请去附件查看】
17. What did the speaker do after lunch on the first day?
A. He walked into the woodlands.
B. He visited a zoo in the field center.
C. He listened to a speech from an expert.
18. What did Bill say was 100 years old?
A. The stone wall.
B. The wooden bridge.
C. The iron gate.
19. Why did the speaker go out the next morning?
A. To get familiar with local areas.
B. To collect water for analyses.
C. To find out air pollutants.
20. What was the best presentation about?
A. Fish farming.
B. Difficulties in hill farming.
C. Combination of modern and tradition farming.
【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. B
【解析】
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分35分)
第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

21.Historic sites impress writers with their amazing beauty, which are a great source of ________.
A. inspiration
B. composition
C. occupation
D. combination
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
考查名词词义辨析。

【详解】A. inspiration 灵感；B. composition作曲；C. occupation占有；D. combination组合。

句意：历史遗迹以其惊人的美给作家留下深刻印象，这是一个伟大的灵感来源。

根据句意故选A。

22.The waitress at the restaurant was usually very considerate, but on this occasion she seemed to ________ the diners.
A. ignore
B. identify
C. applaud
D. satisfy
【解析】
【分析】
考查动词词义辨析。

【详解】句意：这家餐馆的女服务员通常很体贴，但这次她似乎忽视了客人。

A. ignore忽视；B. identify认出；C. applaud喝彩；D. satisfy 使……满意。

上文提到女服务员体贴，而下文中but“然而；但是”表转折，指下文与上文的“体贴”形成对比。

根据句意A选项符合题意。

23.-How can I get in touch with the travel agency, Robin?
-Just surf the Internet and then call one ________ the telephone number is provided.
A. with which
B. in which
C. of which
D. by which
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查定语从句。

【详解】句意：-我怎样才能和旅行社取得联系呢，罗宾? -上网，然后打电话给其中一个提供的电话号码。

本句为介词+关系代词结构的定语从句，先行词为one，与从句the telephone number构成所属关系，故选C。

【点睛】关系代词前介词选择三原则：一先，二动，三意义（重中之重）
1.一先，即根据定语从句中介词与先行词的搭配关系选择。

I never forget the day on which I came to this school. (on the day)
如本题中是考查定语从句中先行词与介词的搭配关系，完整结构为the telephone number of one，可知one与telephone number构成所属关系，故用介词of。

二动，即根据定语从句中谓语动词与介词的搭配关系选择。

This is the iPad on which I spent 3000 yuan. (spend money on sth.)
3.三意义，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。

This is my pair of glasses, __without which__I cannot see clearly.
ernments around the world increasingly ________ artificial intelligence to help promote economic growth.
A. put out
B. roll out
C. make out
D. reach out
【解析】
【分析】
考查动词短语辨析。

【详解】句意：世界各国政府越来越多地推出人工智能来帮助促进经济增长。

A. put out熄灭；B. roll out推出；C. make out理解；认出；D. reach out伸出。

根据句意故选B。

25.Most people quit ________ any results appear; they give up too soon and a quitter never wins.
A. while
B. until
C. since
D. before
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查介词辨析。

【详解】句意：大多数人在任何结果出现之前就放弃了;他们放弃得太早，放弃的人永远不会成功。

A. while 当……时候；B. until直到……C. since自从……以来；D. before 在……之前。

由下文的they give up too soon 太快放弃可知，大多数人是在结果出现之前就放弃了。

故选D。

26.China's Beidou Navigation Satellite System has started providing global services, ________ to become complete around 2020.
A. being scheduled
B. scheduled
C. to schedule
D. scheduling
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查非谓语动词。

【详解】句意：中国的北斗导航卫星系统已经开始提供全球服务，计划在2020年左右完成。

本句已经存在谓语动词start且句中没有连词，故schedule做非谓语动词。

又因逻辑主语与schedule之间构成被动关系，故用过去分词scheduled。

故选B。

27.I felt like giving up. I probably ________，but my Dad whispered, “Come on! You can make it.”
A. would have
B. would
C. should
D. should have
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
考查过去将来时。

【详解】句意：我想放弃。

我可能总会放弃的，但是我爸爸小声说,“来吧!你能做到的。

”本句为过去将来时。

指表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或者存在的状态，上文中的谓语动词felt表明动作发生在过去，即从过去的时间推测将来会发生的动作。

故选A。

28.-Excuse me, but why am I not allowed to use the gym?
-________，but your room price doesn't cover it.
A. No hurry
B. No wonder
C. No offence
D. No problem
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查固定短语辨析。

【详解】句意：-对不起，为什么不允许我使用健身房? –无意冒犯,但是你的房间价格不包括它。

本题考查固定短语辨析。

A. No hurry不必着急；B. No wonder难怪；C. No offence无意冒犯；D. No problem没问题。

由下文“你的房间价格不包括健身房”可知，前面是礼貌用语无意冒犯。

故选C。

29.Due to large investment in housing, many cities can ________ the flow of new arrivals, improving the quality of their life.
A. give rise to
B. make way for
C. take part in
D. keep pace with
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查动词短语辨析。

【详解】句意：由于在住房方面的大量投资，许多城市能够跟上新移民的步伐，改善他们的生活质量。

A. give rise to使发生；引起；B. make way for让路；C. take part in参加；D. keep pace with跟上；保持同步。

由下文
improving the quality of their life提高生活质量可推理上文应是跟上移民步伐，故选D。

30.I am a better reader this year than I was last year because I ________ to hundreds of new concepts and ideas.
A. have exposed
B. had been exposed
C. have been exposed
D. was exposed
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查时态。

【详解】句意：今年我比去年更擅长阅读，因为我接触了数百种新的概念和想法。

由上文可知“阅读”的动作发生在去年，延续到今年，并对现在产生了影响，故应为现在完成时。

Expose“暴露；揭发”为瞬间性动词，此处现在完成时需改为延续性动词表示“接触”的状态，故用be exposed。

综上本题最终选C。

31.Despite the obvious privacy concerns, the use of facial-recognition technology is ________ at some public places.
A. out of danger
B. on the run
C. out of sight
D. on the rise
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
考查介词短语。

【详解】句意：尽管存在明显的隐私问题，但面部识别技术的使用在一些公共场所正在兴起。

A. out of danger 脱离危险；B. on the run在逃；奔波；C. out of sight看不见；D. on the rise 增长。

根据连词despite“尽管；虽然”可知下文的内容与上文形成对比。

再根据选项的意思，故选D。

32.An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery.
A. was held
B. would hold
C. has hold
D. will be held
【答案】D
【解析】
分析】
考查时态语态。

【详解】句意：午门画廊将展出885件文物。

上文中的to be displayed表将来，故本句为一般将来时。

且主
语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系，故用will be held。

故选D。

33.Nicholas was very kind, merciful and generous. This is ________ Father Christmas is based on.
A. where
B. how
C. what
D. why
【答案】C
【解析】
【分析】
考查名词性从句连接词。

【详解】句意：尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨。

这就是圣诞老人的由来。

本句为表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语，故选择连接代词。

且on的宾语指代上文“尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨”这件事，故选择what指代事件、内容。

故选C。

【点睛】名词性从句连接词选择方法
[连接代词]
当名词性从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语时，使用连接代词。

常用的有what，who（m），whoever，which，whose等。

what根据不同语境和所表示的意思可以灵活翻译成“……的（话、东西、地方、时候、样子等）”；who具有疑问意义，意思是“谁”；whoever没有疑问意义，意思是“……的任何人”，相当于anybody who；which意思是“哪一个”；whose在句中作定语。

如本题考查表语从句，从句中缺少on的宾语故选择连接代词。

且on的宾语指代上文“尼古拉斯非常善良、仁慈、慷慨”这件事，故选择what指代事件、内容。

故选C。

[连接副词]
当名词性从句中主干齐全，根据意思我们判断出缺少状语时，使用连接副词。

常用的有when，where，why 和how，分别表示时间、地点、原因和方式。

这些连接副词既起连接作用，本身又作从句的状语。

[从属连词]
当名词性从句主干齐全，又不缺少状语时，使用从属连词引导。

从属连词有that，whether和if。

当从句中不缺少成分，只是陈述一件事实时，用that引导；当从句中不缺少成分，有“是否”的含义时，用whether 或if引导。

whether与if在引导动词后的宾语从句时，两者一般可以互换，但在下列情况下一般只能用whether，不用
if：
1. 引导主语从句并在句首时；
2. 引导表语从句时；
3. 引导从句作介词宾语时；
4. 从句后有or not时；
5. 后接动词不定式时。

34.I wish you wouldn't be so________；you make faces at everything I say.
A. weird
B. polite
C. reluctant
D. serious
【答案】A
【解析】
【分析】
考查形容词词义辨析。

【详解】句意：我希望你不要那么古怪,我说的一切你都做鬼脸。

由下文的make faces可知上文应是要求不要捣乱，装怪。

A. weird怪异的；B. polite有礼貌的；C. reluctant相关的；D. serious严肃的。

根据选项可知应选A。

35.-Who do you think is able to finish the job in two days?
-It's hard to say. This would appear to be ________ for the relatively efficient.
A. a sacred cow
B. a Herculean task
C. a Pandora's box
D. a child's play
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
考查短语辨析。

【详解】句意：-你认为谁能在两天内完成这项工作?-很难说。

对于效率相对较高的人来说，这似乎是一项艰巨的任务。

A. a sacred cow圣牛；B. a Herculean task极为艰巨的任务；C. a Pandora's box潘多拉的盒子；D. a child's play 轻而易举之事。

由上文hard to say可知两天内要完成工作相对困难。

根据选项意思故选B。

第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Last summer I went on a twoday river rafting trip with my teenage daughter as the river guide. I was proud to see my baby girl _____36_____ and confidently moving our raft through a variety of ___37___ whitewater conditions.
I also found it____38____to have my daughter giving commands and barking ___39___ as to when and how to paddle(用桨划船)．
As we approached the largest ___40___ on the river I could feel my heart beating faster. Upon ___41___ the turbulent(湍急的) water, our boat got ____42____ on a large rock. I was in the front of the boat and reached
___43___ with my paddle, thinking I would help ___44___ us away from the rock. In the next instant I could feel myself falling out of the boat and into the river. I did have my moments of ___45___ and terror.
This resistance disappeared quickly, ___46___ I landed in the cold, powerfully turbulent water. ___47___ my highquality flotation vest, I was pulled underwater, ___48___ thankfully, within seconds I popped(冒出) back up to the ___49___. A few moments later one of the other trip leaders called for me to ___50___ toward his boat, where I was quickly pulled up and in. I was shaken, out of breath, and quite ___51___to be out of the turbulent water.
An equivalent of this experience happens all the time in our lives. This is life. You cannot count on things going ___52___. When we do, we often ___53___ disappointed and unhappy. Resisting ___54___，which often arrives suddenly and unexpectedly, keeps us from ___55___ the scenario(可能要发生的事) unfolding before us clearly, and it can keep us from acting in ways that are smart and effective and that lead to results that make us feel good and proud of ourselves.
36. A. painfully B. gradually C. extremely D. skillfully
37. A. freezing B. challenging C. fascinating D. thrilling
38. A. ashamed B. annoying C. unbearable D. troublesome
39. A. opinions B. lectures C. orders D. lessons
40. A. rapid B. rock C. gap D. target
41. A. pouring B. pumping C. entering D. covering
42. A. occupied B. stuck C. rescued D. damaged
43. A. backward B. down C. forward D. across
44. A. scare B. hide C. pull D. push
45. A. excitement B. performance C. suffering D. resistance
46. A. before B. while C. because D. as
47. A. With B. Despite C. In D. Below
48. A. but B. therefore C. so D. or
49. A. boat B. surface C. water D. terror
50. A. wander B. flow C. float D. swing
51. A. shocked B. relieved C. disturbed D. embarrassed
52. A. potentially B. randomly C. smoothly D. quickly
53. A. wind up B. hurry up C. think up D. come up
54. A. change B. temptation C. pressure D. effort
55. A. assessing B. seeing C. appreciating D. minding
【答案】36. D 37. B 38. A 39. C 40. A 41. C 42. B 43. C 44. D 45. D 46.
D 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. C 51. B 52. C 53. A 54. A 55. B
【解析】
这是一篇记叙文。

记叙了作者一次与女儿玩漂流的过程中，因为推卡在岩石上的船只，不慎落入水中，最终得救的故事。

【36题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。

A. painfully痛苦地；B. gradually逐渐地；C. extremely极其地；D. skillfully巧妙地。

句意：看到我的小女儿熟练而自信地挪动我们的木筏，我感到很自豪。

对应下文confidently故选D。

【37题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。

A. freezing冰冻；B. challenging挑战的；C. fascinating迷人的；D. thrilling令人兴奋的。

由下文white-water conditions可知水很湍急，很具有挑战性，故选B。

【38题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。

A. ashamed惭愧的；B. annoying讨厌的；C. unbearable难以忍受的；D. troublesome 麻烦的。

由下文可知女儿冲“我”发号施令，“我”感到很羞愧。

故选A。

【39题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

A. opinions意见；B. lectures演讲；C. orders命令；顺序；D. lessons课程。

上文提到了commands“指令”此处对应orders“命令”，故选C。

【40题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

A. rapid急流；B. rock岩石；C. gap缺口；D. target目标。

句意：当我们接近河上最
大的急流时，我能感觉到我的心跳加快了。

根据句意选A。

【41题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

A. pouring倾泻；B. pumping抽吸；C. entering进入；D. covering覆盖。

上文提到了靠近最大的急流，故本处应指“进入”急流中。

故选C。

【42题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。

A. occupied已占用的；B. stuck 被卡住的；C. rescued 营救；D. damaged被破坏的。

根据后文“我”将船推离岩石可知此处船一进入急流就被卡在岩石上了。

故选B。

【43题详解】
考查副词辨析。

A. backward 向后；B. down向下；C. forward向前；D. across横过。

上文提到“我”在船的前方可知“我”用浆向前划。

故选C。

【44题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

A. scare惊吓；B. hide隐藏；C. pull拉；D. push推动。

上文船被卡在大岩石上，因此“我”想帮助船推离岩石。

Push away“推开”，故选D。

【45题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

A. excitement兴奋；刺激；B. performance表演；C. suffering苦难；D. resistance反抗。

根据下文This resistance disappeared quickly可知选D。

【46题详解】
考查连词辨析。

A. before在……之前；B. while当……时候；C. because因为；D. as 一……就。

句意：我一落入冰冷湍急的水中，这种阻力很快就消失了。

as连接时间状语从句，表示“一……就……”故选D。

【47题详解】
考查介词辨析。

A. With和…在一起；B. Despite尽管；C. In按照；用；D. Below 在……下面。

句意：尽管我有高质量的浮力背心，我还是被拉到水下。

前后表转折，故选B。

【48题详解】
考查连词辨析。

A. but但是；B. therefore因此；C. so所以；D. or或者。

虽然被水流拉到了水下，根据下文作者不久就浮出了水面。

前后表转折，故选A。

【49题详解】
考查名词辨析。

A. boat船；B. surface表面；C. water水；D. terror恐怖。

句意：在几秒钟内我冒出了水面。

故选B。

【50题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

A. wander漫步；B. flow流动；C. float漂浮；D. swing摇摆。

句意：几分钟后，另一位领队叫我朝他的船漂去。

作者此刻漂在水中，故选C。

【51题详解】
考查形容词词义辨析。

A. shocked震惊的；B. relieved如释重负的；C. disturbed扰乱的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。

能够得救作者感到如释重负，故选B。

【52题详解】
考查副词词义辨析。

A. potentially潜在地；B. randomly随机地；C. smoothly顺利地；D. quickly快地。

句意：你不能指望事情都一帆风顺。

根据句意选C。

【53题详解】
考查动词短语辨析。

A. wind up紧张；B. hurry up赶快；C. think up 想出；D. come up发生。

由作者自身经历可知，不顺发生时我们一开始总是紧张，失望和不开心。

故选A。

【54题详解】
考查名词词义辨析。

A. change变化；B. temptation诱惑；C. pressure压力；D. effort努力。

由下文suddenly and unexpectedly，可知应选A。

【55题详解】
考查动词词义辨析。

A. assessing评估；B. seeing看见；C. appreciating感激；D. minding介意。

句意：阻止的
我们清楚地看到眼前情景。

故选B。

第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
Over the past few years, smart home tech has become more and more accessible and it’s increasingly easy to find that you’ve bought a product that includes smart home features. So what does a modem smart home look like, and
how can you start building one? You could get to start making your home smarter by the following gadgets.
Ecobee 4
* Measuring both occupancy and temperature, its sensors signal your Ecobee to automatically switch to the right mode.
* It only takes about 30 minutes. thanks to an easy-to-follow installation guide and an in-app step-by-step walkthrough.
* Easily adjust temperature using your voice with built-in Alexa or from wherever you are using your mobile devices.
Amazon Smart Plug
* Amazon Smart Plug works with Alexa to add voice control.
* Schedule lights, fans, and appliances to turn on and off automatically, or control them remotely when you’re away.
*It’s simpl e to set up and use. Plug in, open Alexa app, and start using your voice.
The Philips Hue White Smart Bulb
* It works with Amazon Alexa to support dimming through voice control.
* Schedule your own custom lighting scenes. Set the smart bulbs to turn on and off at a pre-set time.
To install, simply screw (拧) the smart bulbs into your desired light location.
* Control smart-bulb-equipped lamps and overhead lights via the Philips Hue App.
August Smart Lock Pro
* It works with Alexa for voice control (Alexa device sold separately).
* Control keyless access. It locks automatically behind you, and unlocks as you approach.
* Install in about 10 minutes with just a screwdriver (螺丝刀) .
56. What do the four gadgets have in common?
A. Useful Philips Hue App.
B. Beautiful lighting scenes.
C. Easy installation and simple set-up.
D. Pleasant temperature.
57. This passage is intended to ________.
A. introduce the gadgets of smart home
B. provide advice for home decoration
C. compare the gadgets with others
D. show the popularity of the gadgets
【答案】56. C 57. A
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了包括Ecobee 4，Amazon Smart ，Plug The Philips Hue White Smart Bulb 以及August Smart Lock Pro四种可供家庭安装使用的智能家庭小工具。

【56题详解】
细节理解题。

通过对比根据四段介绍内容可知，四种工具都提到了安装便捷，容易设置的特点。

故选C。

【57题详解】
细节理解题。

第一段最后一句“You could get to start making your home smarter by the following gadgets.”告知了可以开始通过以下的小工具让你的家变得更智能，文章主要介绍了四种智能工具，故文章主要目的是为了介绍这些家庭智能工具。

故选A。

B
We've all heard the saying: practice makes prefect! In other words, acquiring skills takes time and effort. But how exactly does one go about learning a complex subject such as tennis, calculus, or even how to play the violin? An age-old answer is: practice one skill at a time. A beginning pianist might rehearse scales(音阶) before chords(和弦).
A young tennis player practices the forehand before the backhand. Learning researchers call this “blocking”，and because it is common and easy to schedule, blocking is dominant in schools, training programs, and other settings.
However another strategy promises improved results. Enter “interleaving”，a largely unheard-of technique that is catching the attention of cognitive(认知) psychologists and neuroscientists. Blocking involves practicing one skill at a time before the next (for example, “skill A”before “skill B”and so on, forming the pattern “AAABBBCCC”), while in interleaving one mixes practice on several related skills together (forming for example the pattern “ABCABCABC”).
Over the past four decades, a small but growing body of research has found that interleaving often outperforms blocking for a variety of subjects, including sports and category learning. Yet there have been almost no studies of the technique in unplanned, real world settings-until recently. New research in schools finds that interleaving produces dramatic and long-lasting benefits for an essential skill: math. Not only does this finding have the potential to transform how math is taught, it may also change how people learn more generally.
Researches are now working to understand why interleaving produces such impressive results. One important explanation is that it improves the brain's ability to tell apart between concepts. With blocking, once you know what solution to use, or movement to do, the hard part is over. With interleaving, each practice attempt is different from the last, so rote(死记硬背) responses don't work. Instead, your brain must continuously focus on searching for different
solutions. That process can improve your ability to learn critical features of skills and concepts, which then better enables you to select and produce the correct response.
A second explanation is that interleaving strengthens memory associations. With blocking, a single strategy，temporarily held in short-term memory, is sufficient. That's not the case with interleaving-the correct solution changes from one practice attempt to the next. As a result, your brain is continually engaged at regaining different responses and bringing them into short-term memory. Repeating that process can strengthen neural connections between different tasks and correct responses, which improves learning.
Both of these accounts imply that increased effort during training, either to discriminate correct responses or to strengthen them, is needed when interleaving is used. This corresponds to a potential drawback of the technique, namely that the learning process often feels more gradual and difficult in the beginning. However, that added effort can have better, longer-lasting results.
58. What can we learn from the new strategy of “interleaving”？
A. Studying related skills together has many impressive results.
B. Learning relevant skills together contributes to people mastering skills quickly.
C. Focusing on different skills at a time saves people time and efforts in the beginning.
D. Mixing up skills distracts people's attention, thus lessening efficiency.
59. Why does interleaving produce impressive results?
A. It can be scheduled easily.
B. It focuses on rote responses.
C. It is temporarily held in short-term memory.
D. It enables you to learn critical features of skills and concepts.
60. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Blocking involves practicing one skill at a time before the next.
B. Correct solution often changes from one practice attempt to the next.
C. Practising one skill at a time plays an important role in learning a complex subject.
D. Studying related skills or concepts together is an effective way to train your brain.
【答案】58. A 59. D 60. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

主要介绍了一种被称为“交叉练习”的学习过程，以及这种学习过程收效良好的两种原
因。

【58题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第三段第一句“Researches are now working to understand why interleaving produces such impressive results.”可知交叉练习了产生非常令人印象深刻的结果，故选A。

【59题详解】
细节理解题。

第三段最后一句“That process can improve your ability to learn critical features of skills and concepts, which then better enables you to select and produce the correct response.”可知交叉练习这个过程可以提高学习技能和概念的关键特性的能力，从而使您能够更好地选择和生成正确的响应。

故选D。

【60题详解】
主旨大意题。

第二段最后一句“while in interleaving one mixes practice on several related skills together”可知交叉练习是将几项相关技能结合起来练习，与第三段倒数第二句中“Instead, your brain must continuously focus on searching for different solutions.”可知交叉练习中你的大脑必须不断地专注于寻找不同的解决方案，即学习相关的技能或概念是训练大脑的有效方法。

故选D。

C
The latest IPCC report does not mince words(直言不讳地) about the state of our planet: we must act now to achieve global change at a scale that has “no documented historical precedent(先例)”in order to avoid the climate disaster that would result from a 2 degree C rise in average global temperature. Climate change already affects the world's most helpless people including poor rural communities that depend on the land for their livings and coastal communities. Indeed, we have already seen the clear asymmetry(不对称) of suffering resulting from extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires and more.
So far, advocates and politicians have tended to focus on reducing fossil fuel(矿物燃料) consumption through technology and/or policy, such as a sharp carbon tax, as climate solutions. These proposals are, of course, essential to reducing manmade carbon emissions(排放)-71 percent of which are produced by just 100 fossil fuel companies.
Yet the international focus on fossil fuels has overshadowed(使......显得不重要) the most powerful and
cost-efficient carbon-capture technology the world has yet seen: forests. Recent scientific research confirms that forests and other “natural climate solutions”are absolutely essential in reducing climate change. In fact, natural climate solutions can help us achieve 37 percent of our climate target, even though they currently receive only 2.5 percent of public climate financing.
Forests' power to store carbon dioxide through the simple process of tree growth is staggering:_one tree can even store an average of about 48 pounds of carbon dioxide in one year. Recent research show undamaged forests are capable of storing the same amount of the carbon dioxide emissions of entire countries such as Peru and Colombia.
For this reason, policy makers and business leaders must create and strengthen ambitious policies to prevent deforestation, and support the sustainable management of standing forests in the fight against climate change. Protecting the world's forests ensures they can continue to provide essential functions aside from climate stability, including producing oxygen, filtering water and supporting biodiversity. Not only do all the world's people depend on forests to provide clean air, clean water，oxygen, and medicines, but 1.6 billion people rely on them directly for their livelihoods.
61. According to the passage, climate change ________.
A. will surely achieve at a scale that is more serious than ever before
B. will only affect people living in the poorest rural regions
C. is likely to lead to more frequent extreme weather events
D. is entirely determined by fossil fuel consumption
62. What's the finding of the new research?
A. Reducing fossil fuels is the most powerful and cost-efficient technology.
B. Forests are vital to reducing climate change due to their storage power.
C. Most of our climate targets can be accomplished with the help of natural climate solutions.
D. Natural climate solutions have proved less efficient than conventional solutions.
63. The underlined word “staggering”in Paragraph 4 means ________.
A. astonishing
B. speeding
C. embarrassing
D. shrinking
64. What's the author's purpose of writing this article?
A. To compare two different approaches to dealing with climate change.
B. To argue against the view that focus on fossil fuels reduction counts.
C. To urge scientists to do more research into natural climate solutions.
D. To point out forests are the most powerful weapon for fighting climate change.
【答案】61. C 62. B 63. A 64. D
【解析】
这是一篇说明文。

文章指出森林在应对气候变化中的积极作用，提出要防止砍伐森林，保护森林。

【61题详解】
细节理解题。

第一段最后两句“Climate change already affects the world's most helpless people including poor rural communities that depend on the land for their livings and coastal communities. Indeed, we have already seen the clear asymmetry(不对称) of suffering resulting from extreme weather events, such as hurricanes, floods, droughts, wildfires and more.”可知气候变化会导致更多的极端天气如飓风、洪水、干旱、野火和更多。

故选C。

【62题详解】
细节理解题。

第三段第二句“Recent scientific research confirms that forests and other “natural climate solutions”are absolutely essential in reducing climate change.”可知最近的科学研究证实，森林和其他“自然气候解决方案”在减少气候变化方面是绝对必要的。

与第四段第一句“Forests' power to store carbon dioxide”（森林储存二氧化碳的能力）故选B。

【63题详解】
词义猜测题。

第四段第一句中“Forests' power to store carbon dioxide through the simple process of tree growth is staggering: one tree can even store an average of about 48 pounds of carbon dioxide in one year.”可知森林通过简单的树木生长过程来储存二氧化碳的能力是惊人的:一棵树在一年内平均可以储存48磅的二氧化碳。

故staggering的意思是“惊人的；令人震惊的”，故选A。

【64题详解】
主旨大意题。

第五段第一句“For this reason, policy makers and business leaders must create and strengthen ambitious policies to prevent deforestation, and support the sustainable management of standing forests in the fight against climate change.”为此，政策制定者和商界领袖必须制定和加强雄心勃勃的政策，以防止森林砍伐，并支持可持续管理常林，以应对气候变化。

可知作者认为森林是应对气候变化最有利的武器。

故选D。

D
No one knew Prince Edward Street as well as Pierre Dupin. He had delivered milk to the families on the street for thirty years. For the past fifteen years a large white horse named Joseph pulled his milk wagon. Joseph was a gentle horse with beautiful spirit shining out of its eyes, so Pierre named him after Saint Joseph.
Every morning at five, Pierre arrived at the milk company's stables to find Joseph waiting for him, Pierre would call, “Good morning, my old friend.”，as he climbed into his seat, while Joseph turned his head toward the driver. And the two would go proudly down the street. Without any order from Pierre, the wagon would roll down three streets. Then it turned right for two streets, before turning left to Saint Catherine Street. The horse finally stopped at。