2019-2020学年高二英语牛津译林版选修11文档：Unit 1 Period 2 Word版含答案

Period Two Word power & Grammar and usage
Ⅰ.Words：
1．cucumber n．黄瓜
2．sly adj.狡猾的
3．fox n．狐狸
4．cast－iron adj.坚强的；铸铁制的
5．nerve n．神经；勇气nervous adj.紧张的，神经质的
6．martial adj.战争的，军事的
7．weed n．杂草weed v t.除草weedy adj.杂草丛生的
8．spear n．矛，标枪
9．magician n．魔术师magic n．魔法，巫术adj.魔术的magical adj.魔力的，不可思议的
Ⅱ.Phrases：
1．martial_art 武术
2．involve...in 把……卷入，牵扯
3．care_for 关心，照料；喜欢；想要
4．base...on 建立在……基础之上
5．go_with 相配，和……相称
6．apart_from 除了……之外
7．be_compared_to 把……比喻成
8．have_sth_in_common 与……有共同之处
9．(as)cool_as_a_cucumber 非常冷静
10．such_as 诸如
英语中的明喻与暗喻
一、明喻(simile)
明喻(simile)是比喻的一种，是对两种具有共同特性的事物或现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体的相类似关系，两者都在对比中出现。

常用的比喻词有：like；not unlike；it was a bit like；as；as if；as though；as it were；as comparable to；may be compared to；similar to；akin to；be analogous to；be something of等。

共分三种类型：描写型(descriptive)，说明型(illustrative)和启发型(illuminative)。

1．描写型明喻
I know it helped put me at ease when I felt like the new kid at school at my first economic summit in Ottawa in 1981.
1981年，在渥太华第一次参加经济首脑会谈，当时我觉得自己好似一个刚上学的学童，因为我知道是它帮我放松。

He is something of a political chameleon。

他有点像政治上的变色龙。

Too many professionally prepared resumes read like a pitch from an old－time snake－oil pedlar.
雇请职业枪手代写的履历念起来往往都带有老式江湖郎中的推销口吻。

2．说明型明喻
这一类型的特点是通过具体的形象说明复杂、抽象的概念过程。

Carlos Lehder was to cocaine transportation what Henry Ford was to cars.
卡洛斯·雷德与可卡因贩运的关系，正如同亨利·福特与汽车的关系。

3．启发型明喻
其特点是通过暗示性的联想(suggestive association)启发人们洞察深层内涵。

所设的比喻不一定能够直接理解，必须思索，方能豁然，有一种言近意远的效果。

二、暗喻(metaphor)
以此物隐喻彼物，将某一事物以另一个与其相似的事物来表达，是一种含蓄的比喻，暗示有比较，但又不充分说出这种比较。

如：the key to the mystery(即解开奥秘的方法：the light of knowledge(知识之光)；to have a stone face(表情呆板)等。

暗喻不用比喻词，但可以用be 动词或者只用逗号，破折号将本体和喻体连起来。

This gives the muscles of your lens and it is a chance to shift position，a sort of“get up and stretch period”．(句中get up and stretch是暗喻，用人起身伸懒腰比喻肌肉放松，没有用比喻词)
The green plant is a kind of food factory.
绿色植物就是一种食品工厂。

The next day he had a very red face.
第二天他非常尴尬。

(脸红暗指不好意思)
[即时跟踪]
判断下列句子哪些是明喻(S)，哪些是暗喻(M)。

1．My love is like a red rose.()
2．It's raining cats and dogs.()
3．He loved camping，and his job was like a holiday for him.()
4．Here the job is compared to a holiday to express the person really enjoys his work and
finds it relaxing.()
5．The day we passed together for a while seemed a bright fire on a winter's night.() 6．You are like a hurricane，there's calm in your eye，but I'm getting blown away.() 7．You are as blind as a bat.()
8．He is as happy as a clerk.()
9．I'm not as timid as a rabbit.()
10．As a business person，you can't be a mouse.You have to be a tiger.()
11．You can't be a timid person.You should be a brave person.()
12．For lawyers，a courtroom is a battlefield.()
13．A lawyer is compared to a fighter.He must fight to win cases here.()
14．Going to work every day became a chore for him，and he could hardly wait to find a new and exciting job.()
15．Work is compared to a chore.This work is boring and the speaker is tired of it.() 答案 1.S 2.M 3.S 4.S 5.S 6.S7.S8.S9.S10.M11.M12.M13.S 14.M15.S
Ⅰ.用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空
2．These people ______________________ to take low paid work.
3．She had the ability to ______ her performances ________ the audience.
4．______________，some people find more unusual jobs that are better suited to their talents and interests.
5．Many people ________________ to become successful as a lawyer or business person.
6．These people，who perform such ordinary but vital tasks，allow people to ____________ their daily lives.
7．She ______________ the room but couldn't find the missing ring.
8．If the weather ____________，it gets better.
9．I am ________ from my parents to become a doctor.
10．______________ his brother，he is more intelligent.
答案 1.on reflection 2.have no option but 3.suit；to4．In contrast 5.have ambitions 6.go about7.went through8.clears up9.under pared with
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．Don't ________ me ________ your quarrel.
不要把我卷入你们的争吵中。

2．The actress wanted a hat to ____________ her dress.
女演员需要一顶与衣服相配的帽子。

3．I ________ not really ________________ the local laws.
实际上我对当地的法律并不熟。

4．I ________ the copy ________ the original，but there was not much difference.
我比较了复印件和原件，但是差别不是很大。

5．The coastal areas have mild winters，but ________ the central plains become extremely cold.
沿海地区的冬天天气暖和，可是相比之下中部平原却异常寒冷。

答案 1.involve；in 2.go with 3.am；familiar with4．compared；with 5.by contrast Ⅲ.单句语法填空
1．Our graduation party was ________ success.We sang and danced until it came to ________ end at ten o'clock.
2．Over the past decades，sea ice ________(decrease) in the Arctic as a result of global warming.
3．—Haven't I told you to prepare your lessons well before the exam？You failed again.
—But I ________(prepare) for the exam longer than I usually do.
4．—They say Tom's brother is a billionaire.
—So ________？He wouldn't accept any help from his brother，even though it was offered.
5．—Well done!
—Thanks.But ________ I been given a few more minutes，I could have done it still better.
6．He is probably on the way now.We ________ as well wait for a while before setting off.
7．Jane worked hard before the final exam，and it paid ________.She got an A.
8．Only after they had discussed the matter for a few hours ________ they reach a decision.
9．Qinghua University，________ (found) in 1911，is home to a great number of outstanding figures.
10．Was it on a lonely island ________ he was saved one month after the boat went down?
11．Those overseas students volunteer 10 hours each week in Paris ________ exchange for free food and accommodation.
12．Hearing the news of an accident，the police officer went out ________ spite of the heavy snow.
13．After ________ seemed to be hours of waiting in line，I finally got my turn to take the
14．The new system is better ________ that it provides faster access to the Internet.
15．Please tell him ________ if the camera is broken again，he will have to pay to get it repaired.
答案 1.a；an 2.has been decreasing 3.prepared4．what 5.had 6.might/may7.off 8.did9.founded10.that11.in12.in13.what14.in15．that
Ⅳ.阅读理解
Sales Representative—Immediate Hiring
Do you like meeting new people？Do you enjoy closing deals every day？Are you looking for a dynamic and high energy industry？THIS COULD BE THE CAREER(职业)FOR YOU!
Fast Growing and Very Successful Credit Card Processor is looking for a dynamic outside salesperson to sell credit products and check processing services in the local area.
What we need you to do：
·Attend 3—5 appointments daily
·Sell into small－sized to middle－sized businesses
·Work closely with the sales manager in Dallas TX(by phone)
·Have the ability to manage paperwork
We offer：
·Medical benefits eligibility (资格) after 90 days
·One of the strongest compensation programs in the industry
·Monthly bonuses
·A jump start bonus of up to $750
Successful applicants often have experience in customer services，inside sales，outside sales，sales support，management roles，or other customer－facing positions.
We are an equal opportunity employer.We do not discriminate on the basis of race，religion，color，sex，age，national origin or disability.
Please reply with a resume today!
There is a difference.Experience Great Work！We have been servicing North East Ohio for more than 20 years with offices located in Akron，Canton，Lakewood，Streetsboro and Wadsworth.Apply online at www.great w and make a call to our Lakewood location to discuss our great career opportunity at 440－663－0050.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇招聘广告，招聘销售代表。

文章详细介绍了工作内容、工作待遇、应聘者所需条件等。

1．According to the text，the sales representative the company is looking for should
A．sell into big businesses
B．be able to manage paperwork
C．meet over 5 customers each day
D．see the sales manager in Dallas TX frequently
答案B[细节理解题。

根据文中的“Have the ability to manage paperwork”可知，该职位需要销售代表有处理文书工作的能力，故B项正确。

]
2．If hired，you can ________.
A．receive a monthly salary of $750
B．get a special customer－facing position
C．enjoy a strong compensation program
D．gain medical benefits eligibility within 90 days
答案C[细节理解题。

根据文中的“One of the strongest compensation programs in the industry”可知，该职位可以享受业内非常强大的补偿金项目，故C项正确。

] 3．Which of the following can help you apply successfully?
A．The experience in shopping.
B．The experience in management.
C．The experience of using a credit card.
D．The experience of talking with a sales manager.
答案B[细节理解题。

根据文中的“Successful applicants often have experience in customer services，inside sales，outside sales，sales support，management roles，or other customer－facing positions”可知，该岗位需要管理经验，故B项正确。

]
Ⅴ.七选五
Choosing the right college for you is not so easy.You should have a general idea of what you want and don't want.The idea can guide you to find what fits your needs best.__1__ Think about what major you want to study in college.If you know that，just look at colleges that have your major.__2__ So think carefully about your major and interests before choosing one.
Where the college is located matters.Anyone who tells you the location isn't important is lying.__3__ If you look forward to working in the publishing industry，New York may be your best bet.If your parents want you to stay close to home，please don't consider anywhere that requires a plane ticket to get to.
Think about how much you can afford.Are your parents paying for your education？If so，
how much are they willing to spend？Do you have to contribute anything？Financial aid and scholarship exist，but don't count on anything.__4__ These are all things to consider before you fall in love with a college.
Make sure you're going to spend time with the right people.The cool thing about college is that each different one attracts different kinds of people.For the first thing in your life，you get to choose where you get to spend your time and who you get to spend it with.__5__ Make sure that the people you're with for four years are your kind of people.
A．College is about learning what you love.
B．You'd better choose a major that is popular.
C．Go to the college with some people you like.
D．Are you willing to go into major debt over a school?
E．Remember，above all，it's the people that make the place.
F．If you don't like cold weather，stay away from northern schools.
G．These guidelines will help figure out what college you want to go to.
【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了几个关于如何选择大学的问题。

1．G[承接上文“The idea can guide you to find what fits your needs best”可推知，空处同时起到了承接下文的作用，所以选G项。

]
2．A[由下一句“So think carefully about your major and interests before choosing one.”可知，要根据自己的兴趣选择专业，所以选A项。

]
3．F[根据本段首句“Where the college is located matters.”可知，大学所在地的选择很重要，所以选F项。

]
4．D[根据“Think about how much you can afford”和“Financial aid and scholarship exist，but don't count on anything”可推知，选择大学要对学费有所考量，所以选D项。

] 5．E[根据“Make sure you're going to spend time with the right people”和“For the first thing...spend it with”可推知，选择大学要考虑将会遇到的同学，所以选E项。

]。