九年级英语Lesson 57—Lesson 60人教四年制版知识精讲

九年级英语Lesson 57—Lesson 60人教四年制版
【同步教育信息】
一. 本周教学内容
本周我们将学习课本第15单元“火车上的谋杀”（Unit 15 Murder on the train）中第57—60课（Lesson 57—Lesson 60）
二. 重点、难点
1.An excited crowd of passengers is standing on platform 6 .
一群兴奋的乘客站在6号站台上。

crowd在句中是名词，表示“人群，一群人”，a crowd of在句中作主语时，谓语应用第三人称单数形式。

eg.
He pushed his way through the crowd . 他在人群中往前挤。

A crowd of young people is willing to help stop the flood .
有一群年轻人愿意帮助阻止洪水。

crowd还可以用作动词，表示“聚集，拥挤”。

eg.
People crowded around to get a better view . 人们争相围观。

He crowded everything into the trunk and then could not close it .
他把所有的东西都装进箱子里，然后盖不上盖了。

crowded是形容词形式，“拥挤的，挤满的”。

eg.
There is no room for you in the crowded bus .
在这辆拥挤的公共汽车上没有你的地方了。

The bookshelf is crowded with books on different subjects .
书架上摆满了不同学科的书。

2. The train is ready to board . 可以开始上（火）车了。

Everyone gets in a queue to board the train . 每个人都排队上火车。

（1）以上两句中的board是动词，意为“go on board（a ship , train , plane , etc）”“上（船、火车、飞机等）”
eg.
Flight BA193 for Paris is ready for passengers to board .
乘飞往巴黎的BA193班机的旅客现在可以登机。

Then we boarded the ship and traveled across the Pacific by it .
然后我们上了船，乘它航行过了太平洋。

on board表示“在（船、火车、飞机）上”
eg.
When the ship hit the iceberg , there were over 1000 passengers on board .
当大船撞到冰山的时候有1000名乘客在船上。

She remembered leaving her luggage at home when she was already on board .
她在火车上时，想起把行李忘在家里了。

（2）句中的be ready to do意为“就要…”
eg.
When she was told the bad news , she was ready to cry .
当她被告知那个坏消息时，她要哭了。

My head feels as if it is ready to burst .
我的头感觉好像要爆炸了。

另外，be ready to do还可以表示“愿意，老爱（做某事）”
eg.
He is ready to listen to the advice of wiser men .
他乐于听聪明人的建议。

The old man is ready to help people when they are in trouble .
这个老人乐于帮助陷入麻烦中的人。

3. He holds it in his arm carefully , as if it was a baby .
他小心翼翼地抱着它，仿佛它是个婴儿。

as if表示“仿佛，好像”，用来引导状语从句，动词常用虚拟语气。

eg.
He seemed happy as if nothing sad had happened .
他看上去很快乐，好像没有什么伤心事发生过一样。

I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday .
我记得整件事，好像昨天刚刚发生过一样。

He spoke clearly and naturally as if he were a native speaker .
他说话清楚又自然，好像是在说自己的母语。

4.Sorry to disturb you . 对不起，打扰您。

disturb为及物动词，表示“妨碍，打扰”。

相当于Sorry to trouble you .
eg.
She decided to move because the noise in the street disturbed her study .
她想搬家因为街上的噪音妨碍了她的学习。

A light wind disturbed the smooth surface of the lake .
一阵微风使平静的湖面泛起波纹。

5. Yes , I’ll be quite careful about it . 是的，我会多加小心的。

be careful about / of表示“注意……的”，be careless about / of 是其反义词组，表示“不在意……的，不关心……的”
eg.
In order to lose weight , she is careful about her food and drink .
为了减肥，她注意饮食。

She scolded her son for being careless about his manners .
她责备她儿子因为他不注意礼貌。

She has got a headache because she is careless about sleep .
她头痛，因为不注意睡眠。

6.Well , neither do we , usually .
嗯，我们通常也不。

“neither / nor + be / 助动词/ 情态动词+主语（主格）”是否定倒装句的用法，意为“某人也不…”
eg.
She hardly understood what we said , nor did her brother .
她几乎不理解我们所说的话，她的兄弟也不。

I have eaten nothing really English , neither has Li Lei .
我没吃过真正的英国食品，李雷也没有。

如果为肯定句，表示“…也是…”，用“so+助动词/ be 动词+情态动词+主语。

”7. U h … it’s a treasure . 啊…它是一件宝物。

treasure既可作不可数名词，表示“金银，财宝，珠宝”，又可作可数名词，表示“珍贵的物品”。

eg.
The robber robbed much treasure of the passengers , such as gold , silver and jewels .
强盗从乘客手中抢走了很多财宝，比如金、银、珠宝。

The museum has many art treasures . 博物馆里有许多珍贵的艺术品。

On the Silk Road , many businessmen made fortunes or found treasures .
在丝绸之路上，许多商人发财或发现财宝。

treasure也可用作动词使用，表示“珍藏（物品）、珍惜”。

eg.
You should believe in your friend and treasure friendship .
你应该信任朋友，珍惜友谊。

8.He’s from Hong Kong and is an art collector who’s had some training .
他是个来自某某的艺术收藏家，他受过一些培训。

training在此处为名词，表示“（受）培训、（受）训练、锻炼”。

eg.
A dophine show means dophines with good training act for the visitors .
海豚表演意味着受过良好训练的海豚为参观者的表演。

He went into training for the swimming petition .
他进行训练以便参加游泳比赛。

[go into training 表示“（开始）训练自己（以便赴赛）。

”]
train为动词形式，表示“培植，训练，接受教育”。

eg.
He trained his daughter to be a good runner . 他把女儿训练成一名好的跑步选手。

Young children are trained good manners at school .
小孩子们在学校受到养成好礼貌的训练。

9.I’m sure it’s quite a story . 我确信它是个不同寻常的故事。

quite a/ an常表示褒义，用于无形容词修饰的单数名词前，表“（某人或某事物）不寻常的，了不起的”的意思。

eg.
Edison made so many famous inventions . He was quite an inventor .
爱迪生制造了那么多著名的发明，他是个了不起的发明家。

She is quite a lady who gave charity to the poor people .
她是这么了不起的妇女，把慈善给了穷人。

10. Where on earth did you get it ?
你到底从哪里搞到它的？
此句中on earth表示“究竟，到底”
eg.
Whoon earth told you about it ? 究竟谁告诉你这件事的？
What on earth have you done with my bike ? 你究竟对我的车做了些什么？
11.It gives me great pleasure to share its story with you .
与你们共同分享这个故事是我的荣幸。

“It gives sb. pleasure to do sth .”表示“做某事对某人来说很荣幸或很有趣”。

eg.
It gives me pleasure to have a swim in the sun .
在太阳下游泳给我很大的乐趣。

It gives me no pleasure to talk about my own business in pubic .
在公众面前谈论我自己的私事，我并不觉得荣幸。

12. Just then part of a large rock broke off . 就在那时，一块大石头断落下来。

break off表示“脱落，断掉”，关于break的短语，还有：
break into破门而入break into pieces裂成碎片
break out（战争、疾病等）爆发break open裂开
break down坏掉have a break休息
【模拟试题】
一. 根据句意填词，使句子完整：
1. We are all r to take the exam next week .
2. He holds a suitcase in his arm carefully , as i it was a baby .
3. All b one of the passengers from the luxury car are in the dining car .
4. Where o earth did you get it ?
5. It gives me great p to share the story with you .
6. Can you i how surprised the traveller was ?
7. It is said that the rich man w bought the jade was very interested .
8. Li li returned with the man w room is next to Mr M a’s .
9. In the fourth room , the man with the black suitcase is talking o the telephone .
10. We Chinese believe jade must e from h .
二. 单选：
1. We used to swim in the river passes through the town .
A. which
B. who
C. whose
D. /
2. The first film I saw this year is one of the best films .
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. it
3. She used to help my brother was very kind to her .
A. who
B. which
C. this
D. what
4. A child parents are dead is called an orphan .
A. which
B. his
C. whose
D. whom
5. This train is leaving Beijing at 5p.m this afternoon .
A. off
B. for
C. at
D. to
6. What to him in the past few months ?
A. happened
B. happens
C. is happening
D. has happened
7. —Nice day , isn’t it ? —.
A. No , it is
B. Yes , it is not
C. Yes , a bit cold , though
D. Why is not
8. A few years later , another scientist the reason of earthquake .
A. founded
B. look for
C. discovered
D. invented
9. The kind of shoes well .
A. is selling
B. are sold
C. sells
D. is sold
10. She never speaks to Tom in American English , ?
A. didn’t she
B. does Tom
C. doesn’t she
D. does she
三. 综合填词：
It was almost two . A cold wind had e up over the lake . As a black cloud moved a 1 the sun , Walt , a small boy , looked u 2 . “ I smell the storm , ” he thought . Shorty , a man of forty , had gone into town . He had said he would be back before two . He had told Walt to watch the boats and the shop . There were no people a 3 . They had all gone out on the lake to fish . So Walt went to work on one of the boats . From there he could hear the t 4 if it rang . And he could watch the door . It was a l 5 after two when a stranger came . Walt saw him s 6 by the shop . The stranger looked in for a minute . Then he went d 7 to the boats . He was a big man in a boat .
Walt called to him , “ Do you want something , sir ? ” The stranger looked at Walt and said , “ No , thanks . ” Then the stranger moved slowly a 8 . As he went on , he looked at the boats one by one .
Walt sat there w 9 his eyes on the back of the stranger’s coat . He thought , “ I can smell something a 10 I smell that storm . I hope Shorty will e soon . ”
四. 阅读理解：
A
Exercise is good for you , but most people really know very little about how to exercise properly . What do you know about exercise ? The people think in case（如果）you want to reduce （减少）the waistline（腰围）, the best way is to do waist exercises . In fact , exercise burns fat （损耗脂肪）from all over the body and not from one part of body . When you reduce the fat throughout（整个）your body , you will certainly reduce your waistline , too ! Exercise only twice a week is not enough , because unexercised muscles lose their strength（没有得到锻炼的肌肉失去强度）very quickly . After 48 to 72 hours , you must use the muscles again to keep good physical fitness（保持身体状态良好）. So if you have enough time , exercise every day is best .
Some people think that in order to（为了）lose weight（减肥）you should always “ work up a good sweat（刺激出汗）” when exercising . That is a wrong idea . Sweating only lowers body temperature so that you won’t overheat（加热过度）; it does not help you reduce your weight . After exercise , you may weigh less , but this is because of water loss . Once you replace（补充）the water , you replace the weight .
Exercise is very important for everyone . It keeps us healthy . One of the best exercises is walking . Walking helps circulation of blood（血液循环）throughout the body , and it has a direct effect（直接影响）on your feeling of health . And if your breathing（呼吸）does not return to normal（正常）in minutes after you finish exercising , that means you have exercised too much . You’d better spend 20 minutes a day exercising , and that will keep you feeling good .
阅读短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。

1. In paragraph 1 , the word “ properly ” means .
A. 清楚地
B. 正确地
C. 文雅地
D. 完美地
2. You may lose your weight .
A. after sweating because of water loss
B. after doing waist exercise properly
C. if you don’t replace water again
D. if you get overheated
3. Why will one weigh less after doing exercises for a period of time ?
A. Because one will lose water during exercise .
B. Because one will lose fat during exercise .
C. Because one will lose strength during exercise .
D. Because one will lose muscles during exercise .
4. According to the passage , which of the following is true ?
A. The best way to exercise is using the muscles as often as you can .
B. Daily exercise is the best way to keep fit .
C. Sweating helps you reduce your weight .
D. After doing 48—72hours’ exercises , you must use the muscles again to keep fit .
5. The main idea of this passage is that .
A. exercise is very important for everyone
B. exercise only twice a week is not enough
C. you should learn the suitable method（恰当的方法）of doing exercises
D. exercise burns fat from all over the body .
B
According to the recent survey（调查）, only a quarter of American children walk or bike to school . Even pupils who live within a mile of school get there in a car . At a school in Atlanta , so many parents drive their children to school , that the school has to give each car rider an ID number so they can find their own cars out of hundreds of waiting in line .
Health officials are worried because the lack（缺乏）of exercise may worsen the country’s growing problem of childhood obesity（肥胖症）. The number of overweight teens has tripled（三倍）since 1980 . At the same time , diabetes（糖尿病）once unheard of in children , is growing greatly among them .
When asked their reasons for not sending their children to school on foot , parents agree that distance , traffic , weather and crime（犯罪）are the main ones . The mother of a 10-year-old girl said that even though the trip was less than a mile , she was afraid to let her child walk to school . “ You hear too many things about children getting picked up . ” she said .
Getting more children to walk or bike to school should be a national health goal（目的）, some health officials say . A goal has been set to get at least 50 percent of children who live less than a mile from school walking or cycling to school by 2010 .
阅读短文，根据短文内容选择正确答案。

6. Most of American children go to school .
A. on foot
B. by bike
C. by car
D. on a bus
7. The mother of a ten-year-old girl didn’t let her daughter walk to school because .
A.her daughter was too young to walk so far
B. there were too many cars in the USA
C. she cared more about the safety of her daughter
D. her daughter was once picked up in the street
8. Which of the following is NOT the parents’ top concerns（最关心的事）?
A. Crime .
B. Bad weather .
C. Traffic .
D. Fees .
9. The author took a school in Atlanta for example to show .
A. there are too many cars waiting for school children
B. the school is very kind to school children
C. school children have a bad memory
D. ID number is very useful in telling the difference between cars
10. The main cause of American childhood obesity probably lies in .
A. lack of exercise
B. diabetes
C. eating to much fat
D. school
试题答案
一.
1. ready
2. if
3. but
4. on
5. pleasure
6. imagine
7. who
8. whose
9. on 10. heaven
二.
1—5 AAACB 6—10 DCCCD
三.
1. across
2. up
3. around
4. telephone
5. little
6. stop
7. down
8. away
9. with 10. as
四.
A
1—5 BBBBC
B
6—10 CCDAA。