形容词的比较级和最高级 教案

教学过程
一、课堂导入
老师将下列一组句子呈现给学生，学生跟着老师读下列句子，试着理解句子意思。

This car isn’t as expensive as that one.
=This car is much cheaper than that one.
=That car is more expensive than this one.
二、复习预习
教师引导学生复习上节课所学的反意疑问句的概念，用法，以及不同句型的反意疑问句等。

（以提问、回顾的形式进行），针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对反意疑问句的具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的形容词的比较级和最高级。

三、知识讲解
知识点1：常见形容词的比较级和最高级的构成规则
1. 【考查点】规则变化：
①单音节和部分双音节的形容词一般在词尾加-er,最高级加-est
Eg: calm---calmer---calmest tall---taller---tallest
②以字母e结尾的形容词的比较级直接在词尾加-r，最高级加-st
Eg: nice---nicer---nicest large---larger---largest
③以“辅音+y 结尾的词，比较级变y为 i，再加-er”，最高级加-est
Eg: early---earlier---earliest busy---busier---busiest
④以重读闭音节的单个辅音字母结尾的词，双写辅音字母，再加-er, 最高级加-est Eg: big---bigger---biggest hot---hotter---hottest
⑤多音节或部分双音节的形容词的比较级在原级前面加more，最高级+most
Eg: popular---more popular---most popular important---more important---most important 2. 【考查点】特殊变化：
知识点2：形容词比较级和最高级的用法
1. 【考查点】形容词比较级的用法：表示两者（人或物）的比较。

（1）表达“A大于B”用 A … 比较级+than B
如：①. Tom比我胖。

Tom is fatter (fat) than me.
②. 他的头发比我的短。

His hair is shorter (short) than mine.
He has shorter (short) hair than me.
(注意比较对象的一致性)
（2）表达“A和B一样”，用A … as 原级as B
①他和我一样高。

He is as tall (tall) as I/me.
②英语和语文一样重要。

English is as important (important) as Chinese.
③他的头发和我的头发一样长。

His hair is as long as mine.
（3）表达“A不如B”，用A …not+as/so+原级+as+B。

如：这辆车不像那辆车一样贵。

This car isn’t as expensive __as_（expensive）that one.
=This car is much cheaper than that one.
=That car is more expensive than this one.
（4）．比较级前可用much / a lot / far(… 得多)，a little（稍微）, even（甚至）等表示程度如：He is much_better__( well) today. It’s much ___expensive__ (expensive).
（5）.在两者之间选择哪一个更……，用比较级.Which /Who…, A or B?
如：谁跑得快些，Lucy 还是Lily？Who runs __faster__, Lucy or Lily?
2、【考查点】形容词最高级的用法
（1）句型：A+动词+形容词最高级+of（in）…
表示三者或三者以上（人或事物）的比较，其中有一个在某一方面超过其他几个时，用最高级。

最高级前面一般要加定冠词the，后面可带of（in）短语来说明比较的范围。

如：Tom is the happiest of us all.
汤姆是我们当中最幸福的。

This park is the most beautiful of the three.
这个花园是这三个中最漂亮的。

（2）形容词最高级的前面常有the，my等形容词性物主代词，China's名词所有格，最高级前不加the 如：This is __my_ _busiest___ day.
这是我最忙的一天。

( 3) 在which…A ,B or C_? 句中，表示三者或三者以上比较
如：Which is the biggest, the sun, the moon or the earth?
太阳，月亮，地球，哪一个最大？
知识点3：比较级的特殊句式
1.【考查点】△“比较级 +and+ 比较级”表示“越来越…
如：天气越来越冷了。

It’s getting colder and colder.
比赛越来越有趣。

The game is more and more interesting.
注意:多音节形容词用此句型时，要用more and more +形容词原级；而不能用more beautiful and more beautiful
2.【考查点】△ “The+ 比较级…，the+ 比较级…”表示“越…，就越…
如：越多越好The more, the better.
他越忙就越高兴。

The busier he is, the happier he feels.
四、例题精析
【例题1】
【题干】----There is a smile on Miss Gao’s face. She must be _____ with Sam’s work.
----I think so. No one did as ____ as him in our class.
A angry; well
B pleasing; good
C strict; good
D pleased; well
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查比较级的用法，第一空主要考查短语be pleased with 对……感到满意，第二空考查as……as,中间使用原级，表示什么和什么一样怎么样。

【题干】Shanghai is one of___________________ cities in China.
A．most beautiful B. the most beautiful
C. more beautiful
D. the more beautiful
【答案】B
【解析】这是对形容词做该机一个矩形的考查，one of the +最高级，表示“是最……之一者”，本题意是上海是中国最美丽的城市之—。

【题干】The more you read, _____ vocabulary you will have.
A the large
B the largest
C the larger
【答案】C
【解析】考查比较级的一个特殊句型，the+比较级，the+比较级，表示越……就越……。

五、课堂运用
【基础】
1. The actress is already 50, but she looks _____ than she really is.
A young
B more young
C more younger
D much younger
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查修饰比较级的词。

2.Do you think which language is _____, Japanese or English?
A．difficult B. the most difficult C. more difficult
【答案】B
【解析】考查二者进行的比较用比较级，B是最高级，A是原级。

3.……Mum, could you buy me a dress like this?
……Certainly, we can buy _____ one than this, but ____ this.
A a better; better than
B a worse; as good as
C a cheaper; as good as
D a more important; good as
【答案】C
【解析】考查比较级。

“我们可以买一件比这个便宜但是和这件一样好的”as good as和什么一样好。

【巩固】
4. ----Mike, how are you feeling today?
----Much _____. I think I can go to school tomorrow.
A good
B better
C well
D best
【答案】B
【解析】考查比较级。

Much修饰比较级。

5. I’m ________ younger than her.
A. a few
B.a little
C.little
D.few
【答案】 B
【解析】考查修饰比较级的词 a little.
6.The girl is as _____________ as her mother.
A. much beautiful
B.more beautiful
C.beautiful
D.more beautifuler
【答案】C
【解析】考查比较级中的特殊句式表一样as+形容词原级+as。

【拔高】
7. He is 14 years old. His friend is 12 years old.(同义句转换)
His friend is __________ __________ him.
【答案】younger than
【解析】考查同学们对两个单句进行处理的能力。

他14岁，他的朋友12岁，换句话说他的朋友比他小。

8. Our bikes are not the same as theirs.（同义句）
Our bikes are __________ _________ theirs.
【答案】different from
【解析】考查同学们对特殊句型not the same as=be different from
9. He is less popular than her.(同义句)
=He is not _________ popular _________ her. =She is _________ _______ than him.
【答案】as as; more popular
【解析】考查比较级不同句型之间的转换。

课程小结
本节课主要围绕形容词的比较级和最高级的常考点展开，即：形容词的比较级和最高级的构成，比较级和最高级的运用，比较级和最高级的常考句型。

需要重点掌握比较级的特殊句式。

此外，在中考中经常考查的是可以修饰比较级的词，因此这个考点也需要重点掌握。

近年中考对语法点的考查往往是与语境想结合，因此，同学在做题时要结合语境来分析题目，灵活地运用语法知识。