高考英语总复习精选单项选择(五)

毛额市鹌鹑阳光实验学校高考英语专题总复习精选荟萃单项选择系列（五）
1. If he ________ my advice，he wouldn't have lost his job. A．followed B．should follow
C．had followed D．would follow
答案 C 句意：如果他(当时)接受我的建议，就不会丢掉他的工作了。

因为
if条件句表示与过去事实相反，故用过去完成时。

2. “You ________ have a wrong number，” she said.“There's no one of that name here.”
A．need B．can C．must D．would
答案 C 句意：“你肯定打错电话了，”她说，“这儿没有叫那个名字的人。

”此处情态动词表推测，由句意可知说话人对推测的事情把握较大，所以用
must(肯定，一定)。

3．Why were you driving so fast? You ________somebody.
A．might hurt B．might have hurt
C．would hurt D．must have hurt
答案 B 句意：为何你刚才车开得那么快？你可能伤着人。

句意表明是对“过去”情况的虚拟，故用“情态动词＋完成时”，而D项意为“过去一定发生某事”，不合句意；“might ＋完成时”表“刚才可能伤到人”，符合句意。

4. You ________ park here! It's an emergency exit.
A．wouldn't B．needn't
C．couldn't D．mustn't 答案 D 句意：你不可以在此停车！因为这是紧急通道。

mustn't禁止；wouldn't不会；needn't不必；couldn't不可能。

由句意得知，这里表示“禁止停车”，故选D。

5. I'm afraid Mr.Harding ________ see you now.He's busy.
A．can't B．mustn't
C．shouldn't D．needn't
答案 A 结合句意，情态动词用于疑问或否定推测时，要用can't。

6. Jack described his father，who ________a brave boy many years ago，as a strong­willed man.
A．would be B．would have been
C．must be D．must have been
答案 D 该句的主干为Jack described his father as a strong­willed man，意为“杰克把他的爸爸描述成一个意志坚强的人”，据此可推知“杰克的爸爸小时候一定就是一个勇敢的孩子”，对过去的肯定推测要用must have done。

7．The World Wide Web is sometimes jokingly called the World Wide Wait because it ________ be very slow.
A．should B．must C．will D．can
答案 D 句意：万维网有时被打趣地叫成“长等网”，因为网速有时会很慢。

should应该；must必须或表示推测“一定”；will可表示将来，作情态动词表示意愿；D项can表推测且用于肯定句时表“有时也可能”。

8．The weather turned out to be fine yesterday.I ________ the trouble to carry my umbrella with me.
A．should have taken B．could have taken
C．needn't have taken D．mustn't have taken
答案 C 句意：结果昨天是一个晴天。

我没必要麻烦自己带上一把伞。

根据句意“没必要”应为needn't，排除A、B、D三项。

又因为是昨天的事情，故应用“本来没必要做而做了”的结构needn't have done。

9．—The woman biologist stayed in Africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned.
—Oh.Dear! She ________ a lot of difficulties!
A．may go through
B．might go through
C．ought to have gone through
D．must have gone through
答案 D 句意：——那位女生物学家在回国前在非洲待了之久，研究(那里的)野生动物。

——噢，我的天哪！她一定经历过很多困难！此句是对已经发生的事情的肯定猜测，故排除A、B两项；C项表示“按说应该”，不合本句要求，故选D。

10. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he ________ it differently.
A．could express B．would express
C．could have expressed D．must have expressed
答案 C 句意：他不后悔说了他做过什么，但他本能够用不同的方式表达出来。

could express能够表达；would express要表达；could have expressed本来能够表达；must have expressed(表推测)肯定已经表达。

11. Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they ________ just be quiet people.
A．must B．may C．should D．would
答案 B 句意：言语不多的人未必就是害羞。

他们或许就是安静的人。

must 肯定是；may或许是；should应该是；would想必是。

12．But for their help，we ________ the program in time.
A．can not finish B．will not finish
C．had not finished D．could not have finished
答案 D 句意：如果不是他们的帮助，我们就不能及时完成这个项目。

根据句意，选用could not have finished表示与过去事实相反。

13. The traffic is heavy these days.I ________ arrive a bit late，so could you save me a place?
A．can B．must C．need D．might
答案 D 句意：最近这些天交通拥挤。

我有可能迟到一会儿，因此请你给我留个位子好吗？ might表示可能性，往往指较小的可能性，符合句意。

can能，会；must必须，一定；need需要。

14．You don't have to know the name of the author to find a book.You ________ find the book by the title.
A．must B．need C．can D．would
15．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience，he ________ better.
A．need have done B．must have done
C．can have done D．might have done
答案 D 句意：多可惜！如果考虑到他的能力和经验，他可能会做得更好。

might ＋ have ＋过去分词表示“过去可能做得到”，符合句意；must ＋ have ＋过去分词表示对过去的肯定推测；need have done本该做(实际上未做)；can have done多用于疑问句或否定句中。

16．You ________ be hungry already—you had lunch only two hours ago! A．wouldn't B．can't
C．mustn't D．needn't
答案 B 句意：你不可能已经饿了——你两个小时前才吃的午饭！ can't不可能；mustn't绝对不能，禁止；wouldn't不愿意；needn't不必。

17. —I'm sorry.I ________ at you the other day.
—Forget it.I was a bit out of control myself.
A．shouldn't shout B．shouldn't have shouted
C．mustn't shout D．mustn't have shouted
答案 B 句意：——对不起。

前几天我不应该对你大喊大叫的。

——算了。

我当时也有点失控。

从对话上下文可看出，空白处应该是“本不该、本不应当”的意思，故用should not have done结构。

需提醒一下，mustn't have done 这一结构在英语中不存在。

18. Thank you for all your hard work last week.I don't think we ________ it without you.
A．can manage B．could have managed C．could manage D．can have managed
答案 B 句意：感谢你上周的辛勤工作。

我想要不是你辛勤的劳动，我们不可能完成这件事。

without you表达的是“如果没有你(艰苦工作的话)”，结合句子前后内容，本题表达的是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，所以选择B。

19．—How's your tour around the North Lake? Is it beautiful?
—It ________ be，but it is now heavily polluted.
A．will B．would C．should D．must
答案 C 句意：——你的北湖之游怎么样？北湖很美吗？——按理说应该是的，但是现在它被严重污染了。

will会，将；would表“时态”，为过去将来时，用在交际用语中表客气语气；用在虚拟的句意下，should应该，竟然，must 一定，必须。

根据题意，此处为“应该”，故选C。

20. —Why didn't you come to Simon's party last night?
—I wanted to, but mom simply________ not let me out so late at night. A．could B．might
C．would D．should
答案 C 句意：——为什么你昨晚没有来参加西蒙的聚会？——我想来的，但是妈妈不让我那么晚出来。

would表示“愿意”；could能力；might可能；should 应该。

21. —Where are the children? The dinner's going to be completely ruined.—I wish they ________ always late.
A．weren't B．hadn't been
C．wouldn't be D．wouldn't have been
答案 A ——孩子们都到哪儿去了？宴会就要被他们彻底破坏了。

——我希望他们不要总是迟到。

wish后的从句用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反，用过去完成时表示与过去事实相反。

本题表示与现在事实相反，用一般过去时。

22．My MP4 player isn't in my bag.Where ________ I have put it?
A．can B．must C．should D．would
答案 A 句意：我的MP4不在包里。

我会把它放在哪儿呢？本句为疑问句，而且表达推测的语意，故选A。

B项用于肯定的推测；C项表示过去本应该做却没有做的动作；D项表示过去习惯做某事，故被排除。

23．After the bell rings，which indicates the ending of the exam，you________stay where you are until all your papers are collected. A．shall B．would C．will D．can
答案 A 句意：考试结束的铃声响过后，你们应该坐在原处，直到试卷收缴完毕。

此处的shall用于第二人称，表示命令。

24．There's no light on—they ________ be at home.
A．can't B．mustn't
C．needn't D．shouldn't
答案 A 句意：没有亮灯——他们不可能在家。

can't表示“不可能”，符合语境。

mustn't禁止；needn't不必；shouldn't不应该。

25．Why haven't you accomplished your tasks yet? You ________ to finish them last Friday.
A．were supposed B．are supposed
C．are supposing D．were supposing 答案 A 句意：你为什么还没完成任务？你在上周五就应该完成。

were supposed to do表示本应该做而实际没有做，是对过去事实相反的一种虚拟，相当于 should have done。

26．Why ________ it rain on Sunday? We can't go camping as planned.What a pity!
A．should B．can C．must D．may
答案 C 句意：为什么星期天偏要下雨呢？我们不能按计划野营了，真遗憾！must 必须，偏要，语气较强，表达出说话人抱怨的口气。

27．—Why are you so late?
—I got stuck in the traffic jam，or I ________ earlier.
A．arrived B．have arrived
C．would arrive D．would have arrived
答案 D 句意：——为什么你来得那么晚？——我遇到交通堵塞了，否则的话，我会早点到达的。

遇到交通堵塞是过去的事实，所以早点到达是与过去事实相反的虚拟，所以选D。

主句对过去虚拟的结构是would / should / could / might have done。

28．The dance performed by the disabled actors is really a hit，but years ago no one ________ they were to achieve such a great success. A．must have imagined B．could have imagined
C．should have imagined D．would have imagined
答案 B 句意：那些残疾人表演的舞蹈引起了轰动，但是多年前没有人能够想象到他们将能获得那么大的成功。

could have done表示对过去发生事情的推
测。

29．The purpose of education________be to provide students with a value system not to prepare them for a specific job.
A．will B．should C．could D．may
答案 B 句意：教育的目的应该是为学生提供一套价值观，而不是让他们为从事某一项特定的工作做好准备。

情态动词should表示“应该”，符合句意。

30．When you phoned me，I was having a meeting，otherwise I ________ your call.
A．answered B．would answer
C．had answered D．would have answered
答案 D 句意：你当时给我打电话时我正在开会，否则的话我当时就会接你电话的。

“如果当时没开会的话，我就会接你的电话”表示对过去事实相反的虚拟，主句用“情态动词＋完成时”，连词otherwise表示含蓄条件，表示对过去情况的虚拟，相当于if引导的虚拟条件句：If I hadn't had a meeting then。

31．When he was studying in Hong Kong，he ________ on his aunt there and have dinner with her once a month.
A．should call B．would call
C．could call D．might call
答案 B 句意：当他在香港上学时，他每个月都要去拜访一次婶婶并和她一起吃饭。

would ＋动词原形表示过去常常，因此选B。

32．—Can I pay the bill by check?—Sorry，sir.But it is the management rule of our hotel that payment ________ be made in cash.
A．shall B．need C．will D．can
答案 A 句意：——我可以用支票支付账单吗？——对不起，我们旅馆的管理规定是必须现金支付。

shall用作情态动词与用作助动词表达的意义不一样。

用作助动词表将来。

作情态动词用于第一、第三人称疑问句中时，表征求对方意见，期望得到肯定的答复；用于第二、第三人称的陈述句中时，表承诺、命令、威胁、警告等。

此处表“要求，规定”。

33．—I am not going to play football this year，Mum.
—That's great.I was so afraid you ________.
A．will be hurt B．would get hurt
C．had got hurt D．were hurt
答案 B 句意：——妈妈，我今年不打算踢足球了。

——那太好了。

我多么担心你会受伤。

此处为so that引导的虚拟结果状语从句。

动词形式用would / could / might / should ＋动词原形。

44．—It was a red light，William.You ________ the car.
—Sorry.I didn't see it.
A．must stop B．should stop
C．must have stopped D．should have stopped
答案 D 句意：——威廉，刚才是红灯，你本应该停车的。

——对不起，我刚才没看见。

句意表明，威廉做了本不应该做的事，故用“should ＋ have ＋done”结构。

35．If it were not for literature，the well­known writer J．K.Rowling ________ nowhere in life.
A．could go B．must go
C．would have gone D．should have gone
答案 C 句意：如果不是有文学的话，著名作家J.K.罗琳也不会取得今天的成就。

句意暗示是对“她已经取得了的成就”的虚拟，因此应为对过去的虚拟，用“情态动词＋完成时”，又因“should ＋完成时”含有“过去本应该……而实际上没有……”的含义，不合句意，应排除，所以答案为C。

本题实际上为混合虚拟句式，即主、从句虚拟的时间不一样，从句是对“客观现实情况”即“现在”的虚拟，而主句是对“过去”的虚拟。

36．—What's the name?
—Khulaifi.________ I spell that for you?
A．Shall B．Would C．Can D．Might
答案 A 句意：——叫什么名字？——胡莱菲。

要我给您拼写出来吗？情态动词shall在疑问句中同第一人称连用，表示提议或征求意见。

37．We ________ have proved great adventurers，but we have done the greatest march ever made in the past ten years.
A．needn't B．may not
C．shouldn't D．mustn't
答案 B 句意：我们可能不能证实我们是伟大的探险家，但我们确实进行了来最伟大的。

needn't没必要；shouldn't不应该；mustn't被禁止，均不合题意。

may not可能不，符合题意。

38．—Mr.Gordon asked me to remind you of the meeting this afternoon.Don't you forget it!
—OK，I ________.
A．won't B．don't C．will D．do
答案 A 句意：——戈登先生要我提醒你下午的会议。

你千万不要忘了！——好的，我不会忘的。

此题的要点之处：Don't you forget it! 有的考生虽看懂此句，但没判断出此句是否定的祈使句，从而误选 B。

对祈使句的回答，肯定回答用I will；否定回答用I won't。

39．This printer is of good quality. If it ________ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A．would B．should C．could D．might
答案 B 本题是对将来的虚拟，故if从句有三种表达方式：If it broke down / If it were to break down / If it should break down。

40．Teachers recommend parents ________ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
A．not allow B．do not allow
C．mustn't allow D．couldn't allow
答案 A recommend后接宾语从句，谓语动词用should＋动词原形，should 可省略。

参见考点四。