广西桂林市2016高考英语一轮单项选择和阅读理解选练(5)

广西桂林市2016高考英语一轮单项选择和阅读理解选练（5）1．Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can______almost every word her teacher says.
A．put out B．put down
C．put away D．put together
答案 B [put out意为“伸出，长出，熄灭，扑灭，出版”；put down意为“把……
放下，镇压，平息，写下，记下”；put away意为“把……收起来放好”；put together 意为“把……放在一起，组合”。

根据句意判断应选B项，句意：玛丽真的擅长在课堂上记笔记，她几乎能记下老师说的每一个字。

]
2．We ______ to paint the whole house but finished only the front part that day.
A．set about B．set up
C．set out D．set down
答案 C [set about后接doing sth.，意为“着手做某事”；set up意为“建立”，不与to do连用；set out后接to do sth.，表示“着手做某事”；set down意为“写下，登记，放下”。

句意：我们着手粉刷整个房子，但那天我们只粉刷完了房子前面的部分。

故选C项。

]
3．Parents and children should communicate more to ______ the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.
A．open B．narrow
C．widen D．leave
答案 B [句意：为了缩小彼此间的差距，父母和子女应该更多地交流，从而更好地理解彼此。

open打开，开始；narrow压缩，使变窄；widen放宽，加宽；leave离开，离去。

]
4．The athlete's years of hard training ______ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal.
A．went on B．got through
C．paid off D．ended up
答案 C [go on“（时间）过去，灯亮，开始运行，继续，接着，进行，发生”；get through“完成，度过，（使人）明白，通过，接通（电话）”；pay off “还清（债），得到好结果，取得成功”；end up“结束，结尾，停止”。

句意：当这位运动员获得了奥运金牌时，她多年的辛苦训练终于有了回报。

由句意可知，C项符合题意。

]
5．You had better ______ some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
A．set aside B．take up
C．put away D．give out
答案 A [set aside意为“留出，拨出（时间、金钱等）”；take up意为“占据（时间、空间等），从事”；put away“把……收起，放好”；give out意为“分发，用尽”。

句意：为了能使自己精力充沛，你最好每天留出一段时间来运动。

故选A项。

]
6．Two lawyers have donated $50,000 to______our school's campaign “Help the Needy”，which was started by our former headmaster three years ago.
A．sponsor B．launch
C．organize D．plan
答案 A [句意：两位律师捐赠了五万美金赞助我们学校的“扶贫”活动，该活动是三前由我们的前任校长发起的。

sponsor“赞助”；launch“发动，发射”；organize“组织”；plan“计划”。

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7．Finally，my thanks go to my tutor，who has offered a lot of suggestions and comments on my paper and______ every page of my draft.
A．approved B．quoted
C．polished D．folded
答案 C [句意：最后，我要向我的导师表示感谢，他为我的论文提供了很多建议和意见，并为我的草稿的每一页都进行了润色。

approve“支持，赞同”；quote“引用，引述”；polish“修改，润色”；fold“折叠，对折”。

]
8．Walking alone in the dark，the boy whistled to______ his courage.
A．hold up B．keep up
C．set up D．take up
答案 B [句意：独自一个人走在黑暗中，男孩为给自己壮胆吹起了口哨。

keep up one’s courage 意为“鼓足勇气”。

]
9． I'm so glad you've come here to______ this matter in person.
A．lead to B．see to
C．turn to D．refer to
答案 B [句意：我很高兴你来到这里亲自处理这个事件。

lead to“导致，通往”；see to“处理，料理”；turn to“转向，求助，转行”；refer to“提及，查阅，参考”。

] 10．—OK，I've had enough of it.I give up.
—You can't ______ your responsibilities.
A．run off with B．run up against
C．run out of D．run away from
答案 D [run off with意为“带着……逃走，与……私奔”；run up against意为“意外地碰到，偶遇”；run out of意为“用完……，耗尽……”；ran away from意为“从……
逃离，回避……”。

后半句句意：你不能逃脱你自己的责任。

]
11．I've ______ the habit of calling in on my grandparents on my way home from school.
A．come into B．gone into
C．got into D．run into
答案 C [句意：我已经养成了在放学回家的路上去看望爷爷奶奶的习惯。

get into the habit of是固定搭配，意为“养成……的习惯”。

]
12．We were all agreed that the cottage would ______ a perfect holiday home for the family.
A．make B．turn
C．take D．have
答案 A [句意：我们一致认为，那个小屋将会成为一家人度假的完美居所。

make在此处意为“成为”。

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13． Rod loves ______ clocks.However，he never manages to put them together again.
A．taking apart B．giving away
C．making up D．turning off
答案 A [句意：罗德喜欢将钟表拆开。

然而，他从来不能将它们再次组装起来。

take apart “拆开，拆卸”；give away“分发，赠送”；make up“构成，弥补，化装，编造”；turn off“关闭”。

根据句意A项正确。

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14．He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his forehead，because the air­conditioning system ______.
A．broke in B．broke up
C．broke out D．broke down
答案 D [句意：他不得不时而停下来擦擦额头上的汗，因为空调坏了。

break in “插话”；break up “打碎，（学校）放假，解散”；break out “爆发，发生”；break down “出毛病，停止运转”。

根据句意可知选D项。

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15．It's surprising that your brother______Russian so quickly—he hasn't lived there very long.
A．picked up B．looked up
C．put up D．made up
答案 A [pick up在此句中意为“无意中获得或学到”。

句意：你哥哥学俄语如此之快让人感到惊讶——他住在那儿也没有多长时间。

look up“仰望，尊敬”；put up“建造，搭起”；make up“组成，构成，弥补”。

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【由山东省2014模拟改编】
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Our body clock，or natural body rhythm，influences our energy and alertness．Paying attention to it can help us choose the suitable time of day when we best perform specific tasks．
The reality，however，is that most of us organize their time around work demands，school deadlines，commuting or social events．Doing whatever your body feels like doing is a luxury in today's fast-paced modem society．
But that doesn't mean it isn't worth trying．Obeying our body clock has significant health benefits．Disrupting our natural body rhythm，on the other hand，has been linked to problems such as depression，obesity，or headache，says Steve Key，a biology professor．
When the body clock can synchronize（使……同步）the rhythms of its natural processes，it “gives us an advantage in daily life”，says Key．
According to him，when it comes to cognitive（认知的）work，most adults perform best in the late morning．As our body temperature starts to rise just before awakening in the morning and continues to increase until midday，our memory，alertness and concentration gradually improve．
However，he adds，our ability to concentrate typically starts to decrease soon thereafter．Most of us are more easily distracted（分心）between noon and 4 pm．Alertness also tends to fall after eating a meal and sleepiness tends to peak around 2 pm，making that a good time for a nap．
Surprisingly, tiredness may increase our creative powers．For most adults，problems that require open ended thinking are often best dealt with in the evening when they are tired， according to a study in the journal Thinking & Reasoning．When choosing a time of day to exercise，paying attention to your body clock can improve results．Physical performance is usually best from about 3 to 6 pm，says Michael Smolensky，a professor of biomedical engineering．
Of course, not everyone's body clock is the same，making it even harder to synchronize natural rhythms with daily plans．
1．If we know our natural body rhythm well, we can ．
A．find out the suitable time to do specific tasks
B．organize our time around work demands
C．do whatever our body feels like doing
D．be sure to be healthy
2．Which of the following is NOT true?
A．Our alertness is influenced by our natural body rhythm
B．Doing whatever your body feels like is very difficult in our modem society．C．Obeying our body clock is good for our health．
D．Disrupting our natural body rhythm can lead to obesity．
3．According to Steve Key，which of the following is NOT true?
A．When our body clock synchronizes the rhythms of its natural processes，we can do better．
B．When it comes to cognitive（认知的）work，most people perform best in the late morning．
C．As body temperature rises before awakening in the morning，our concentration gradually improves．
D．We concentrate better in the late morning than between noon and 4 pm．4．Inspiration（灵感）to solve a difficult problem will most probably come to us ．A．when we get up in the morning
B．when we are tired in the evening
C．when we are full of energy in the late morning
D．when we are asleep at night
5．Which of the following can be the suitable title for the passage?
A．What is natural body rhythm?
B．Natural body rhythm is good for us．
C．Something about natural body rhythm．
D．The latest research about natural body rhythm．
【参考答案】1---5 ADBBC
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

【2013嘉定区】
As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from
curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behavior, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts(血细胞计数), but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.
The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” i n this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.
72. Today medical care is placing more stress on ______.
A. keeping people in a healthy physical condition
B. monitoring patients’ body functions
C. removing people’s bad living habits
D. ensuring people’s psychological well-being
73. In the first paragraph, people are reminded that ______.
A. good health is more than not being ill
B. drinking, even if not to excess, could be harmful
C. regular health checks are essential to keeping fit
D. prevention is more difficult than cure
74. Traditiona lly, a person is considered “well” if he ______.
A. does not have any unhealthy living habits
B. does not have any physical handicaps
C. is able to handle his daily routines
D. is free from any kind of disease
75. According to the author, the true meanin g of “wellness” is for people ______.
A. to best satisfy their body’s special needs
B. to strive to maintain the best possible health
C. to meet the strictest standards of bodily health
D. to keep a proper balance between work and leisure
【参考答案】72----75 CADB
阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A recent study, while showing a generally positive attitude toward science, also suggests a widespread worry that it may be “running out of control”. This idea is dangerous.
Science can be a force for evil as well as for good. Its applications can be channeled either way, depending on our decisions. The decisions we make, personally or collectively, will determine the outcomes of science. But here is a real danger. Science is advancing so fast and is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference. And, rather than fighting for the best possible policies, we may step back and do nothing.
Some people go even further. They say that despite the moral and legal objections(反对), whatever is scientifically possible will be done—somewhere, sometime. They believe that science will get out of control in the end. This belief is dangerous too, because it fuels a sense of hopelessness and discourages then from making efforts to build a safer world.
In our interconnected world, the lack of agreement in and out of the world of science can lead to the failure to control the use of science. Without a common understanding, the challenges of “controlling” sc ience in this century will be really tough. Take human cloning for example. Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact(影响) on traditional moral values, some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques. The outcomes are hard to predict.
Therefore, discussions on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies. Only through the un ited efforts of people with hope, can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future.
1. What can we conclude from the recent study?
A. People think highly of science.
B. People hold mixed opinions about science.
C. Science is getting dangerously out of control.
D. Science is used for both good and bad purposes.
2. According to the passage, what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control?
A. The development of science will hopelessly slow down.
B. Businesses will have even greater influence on science.
C. The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future.
D. People will work more actively to put science under control.
3. The discussion should reach beyond scientific societies because .
A. scientists have failed to predict the outcomes
B. the ties between different areas need strengthening
C. united efforts are necessary for the development of science
D. people need to work together to prevent the bad use of science
4. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Science and its applications bring us many dangers.
B. The development of science mostly lies in people’s attitudes.
C. Mankind can largely take control of science with their efforts.
D. The future of science will be influenced by the dangerous ideas.
【参考答案】1-4 BCDB
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
【2013黄浦区】(A)
Most people who live in Seattle, Washington, love their city. There is a never-ending flow of fun things to do. But, people who live there do not always enjoy the
day-after-day absence of sunshine during the winter months.
It is a documented fact that sunshine (or lack of it) plays a major role in how each of us meets the day. It also affects how we perform at school or work. When people are deprived of sunlight, they can develop seasonal affective disorder, which makes it difficult for them to feel happy or get things accomplished. No major city in the United States is more affected by the “sunshine factor” than Seattle.
To fight drizzle and fog during the winter months, Steve Murphy created a business that is very popular among the locals. The Indoor Sun Shoppe is more than a little ray of sunshine during the gray days of Seattle’s winter. His shop offers a huge source of plants and artificial lighting for people who are trying to overcome seasonal affective disorder.
Located in Fremont, Washington, The Indoor Sun Shoppe has an amazing collection of exotic (奇异的) plants and “good bugs” in a humid and well-lit environment. At The Indoor Sun Shoppe, you can spend up to $400 for artificial lighting that will chase away the winter blues. It will also keep your plants healthy. You can buy a dawn simulator(模拟器) that will gradually fill your room with a warming wake-up glow. What better way to meet a Seattle morning when real sunshine is nothing more than a happy thought!
Murphy’s in-home waterfalls are also popular with customers. But his plants and lights remain the “main course.” On a cloudy winter day, The Indoor Sun Shoppe is a bright spot in Seattle!
65.Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. Seattle is located in the state of Washington.
B. Citizens love Seattle for their colorful city lives.
C. Sunshine in Seattle is rare during the winter months.
D. People who live in Seattle are used to the sunshine absence.
66. Which of the following best defines the term seasonal affective disorder in
Para.2?
A. mild temperature and a general feeling of illness caused by gray winter
B. exhaustion, depression and lack of energy caused by a lack of sunlight
C. winter-related illness caused by the low temperature and little sunlight
D. post-holiday depression that comes when relatives leave after Christmas
67. The Indoor Sun Shoppe ________.
A. attracts people from different parts of the whole country
B. aims to create a humid and well-lit environment during winter months
C. brings only a little ray of sunshine during the gray days of Seattle’s winter
D. offers variety of goods helping people overcome seasonal affective disorder
68. Which of the following best explains the use of a dawn simulator?
A. An alarm clock stimulated by the light rays of early morning.
B. A bringer of indoor artificial sunshine when there is none outside.
C. An automatic waterfall system helping make indoor plants healthy.
D. A better way to meet a Seattle morning with real warming sunshine.
【参考答案】65—68 DBDB。