【2022年上海市初中一模数学卷】2022年上海市青浦区初中毕业生学业模拟考试试卷九年级数学及答案

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2021学年第一学期九年级数学学科练习卷
(完成时间:100分钟 满分:150分) 2022.1
考生注意:
1.本试卷含三个大题,共25题.答题时,考生务必按答题要求在答题纸规定的位置上作答,在
草稿纸、本试卷上答题一律无效.
2.除第一、二大题外,其余各题如无特别说明,都必须在答题纸的相应位置上写出证明或计算
的主要步骤.
一、选择题:(本大题共6题,每小题4分,满分24分)
[每题只有一个正确选项,在答题纸相应题号的选项上用2B 铅笔正确填涂] 1.下列图形,一定相似的是( )
(A )两个直角三角形;(B )两个等腰三角形;(C )两个等边三角形;(D )两个菱形. 2.如图,已知AB // CD //EF ,它们依次交直线1l 、2l 于点A 、C 、E
和点B 、D 、F .如果AC ∶CE =2∶3,BD =4,那么BF 等于( ) (A )6; (B )8; (C )10; (D )12. 3.在Rt △ABC 中,∠C =90º,那么cot A 等于( ) (A )
AC BC
; (B )
AC AB
; (C )
BC
AC
; (D )
BC AB

4.如图,点D 、E 分别在△ABC 的边AB 、BC 上,下列条件中
一定能判定DE ∥AC 的是( ) (A )
AD BE
DB
CE
=
; (B )
BD BE AD
EC
=
; (C )
AD CE AB
BE
=
; (D )
BD DE BA
AC
=

5.如果2=−
a b ( a 、
b 均为非零向量),那么下列结论错误..
的是( ) (A )||2||=
a b ; (B ) a ∥ b ; (C )20+=
a b ; (D ) a 与b
方向相同. 6.如图,在平行四边形ABCD 中,点E 在边BA 的延长线上,联结EC ,交边AD 于
点F ,则下列结论一定正确的是( ) (A )
EA AF AB BC =; (B )EA FD AB AF =; (C )AF EA BC CD =; (D )EA AF
EB AD =. C
F
B A
E D
l 2l 1A B C D E
F
(第6题图)
(第2题图)
C
B
A E
D
(第4题图)
B
A
O
(第16题图)
G D E A
B F
C (第17题图)
(第14题图)
(第15题图)
二、填空题:(本大题共12题,每小题4分,满分48分)[请将结果直接填入答题纸的相应位置] 7. 已知线段b 是线段a 、c 的比例中项,且a = 1,b = 3,那么c = .
8. 计算:32(2)−−
a a
b = .
9. 如果两个相似三角形的周长比为2∶3,那么它们的对应高的比为 .
10.二次函数2
1y x x =
−−−的图像有最 点.(填“高”或“低”)
11.将抛物线2y
x =向下平移2个单位,所得抛物线的表达式是 .
12.如果抛物线c bx ax y ++=2
(其中a 、b 、c 是常数,且a ≠0)在
对称轴左侧的部分是下降的,那么a 0.(填“<”或“>”) 13.在△ABC 中,∠C =90º,如果tan ∠A=2,AC =3,那么BC = . 14.如图,点G 为等边三角形ABC 的重心,联结GA ,如果AG =2,
那么BC = .
15.
如图,如果小华沿坡度为的坡面由A 到B 行走了8米,
那么他实际上升的高度为 米. 16.如图,在边长相同的小正方形组成的网格中,点A 、B 、O 都
在这些小正方形的顶点上,那么sin ∠AOB 的值为 . 17.如图,在矩形ABCD 中,∠BCD 的角平分线CE 与边AD 交于
点E ,∠AEC 的角平分线与边CB 的延长线交于点G ,与边AB 交于点F ,如果
AB =,AF =2BF ,那么GB = . 18.如图,一次函数(00),=+<>y ax b a b 的图像与x 轴,y 轴分别
相交于点A ,点B ,将它绕点O 逆时针旋转90°后,与x 轴相交 于点C ,我们将图像过点A ,B ,C 的二次函数叫做与这个一次函
数关联的二次函数.如果一次函数(0)y kx k k =
−+>的关联二次 函数是22y
mx mx c =++(0m ≠),那么这个一次函数的解析
式为 .
(第18题图)
三、解答题(本大题共7题,满分78分) [请将解题过程填入答题纸的相应位置] 19.(本题满分10分)
计算:(
)()
1
sin 451+2cos30tan 60
cot 60−°
°
°°−−−.
20.(本题满分10分, 第(1)小题5分,第(2)小题5分)
如图,在平行四边形ABCD 中,点E 在边AD 上, CE 、BD 相交于点F ,BF=3DF . (1)求AE ∶ED 的值;
(2)如果DC a =
,EA b =
,试用 a 、 b 表示向量CF .
21.(本题满分10分, 第(1)小题5分,第(2)小题5分)
如图,在△ABC 中,点D 是BC 的中点,联结AD ,AB =AD ,BD=4,
41
tan =C .
(1)求AB 的长;
(2)求点C 到直线AB 的距离.
22.
(本题满分10分) 如图,某校的实验楼对面是一幢教学楼,小张在实验楼的窗口C (AC ∥BD )处测得教学楼 顶部D 的仰角为27°,教学楼底部B 的俯角为13°,量得实验楼与教学楼之间的距离AB =20米.求教学楼BD (BD ⊥AB )的高度.(精确到0.1米) (参考数据:sin13°≈0.22,cos13°≈0.97,tan13°≈0.23,
sin27°≈0.45,cos27°≈0.89,tan27°≈0.51)
23.(本题满分12分,第(1)小题6分,第(2)小题6分)
已知:如图,在四边形ABCD 中,AC 、BD 相交于点E ,∠ABD=∠CBD ,2
DC DE DB =⋅.
(1)求证:△AEB ∽△DEC ; (2)求证:BC AD CE BD ⋅=⋅.
24.(本题满分12分, 其中第(1)小题4分,第(2)小题4分,第(3)小题4分)
C
F
B
A
E D
A
B
C
D
E
C
B
A D
(第21题图)
(第23题图)
(第22题图)
(第20题图)
如图,在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,抛物线2y x bx c =++与x 轴交于点A (-1,0)和
点B (3,0),与y 轴交于点C ,顶点为点D .
(1)求该抛物线的表达式及点C 的坐标; (2)联结BC 、BD ,求∠CBD 的正切值;
(3)若点P 为x 轴上一点,当△BDP 与△ABC 相似时,求点P 的坐标.
25.(本题满分14分,其中第(1)小题4分,第(2)小题4分,第(3
)小题6分)
在四边形ABCD 中,AD ∥BC ,AB AD =2,DC =tan ∠ABC=2(如图).点E 是 射线AD 上一点,点F 是边BC 上一点,联结BE 、EF ,且∠BEF =∠DCB .
(1)求线段BC 的长;
(2)当FB =FE 时,求线段BF 的长;
(3)当点E 在线段AD 的延长线上时,设DE=x ,BF=y ,求y 关于x 的函数解析式,并写出x 的取值范围.
(第25题图)
(备用图)
(第24题图)
(备用图)
F
E D
C B A A B
C
D
参考答案
一、选择题:
1.C ; 2.C ; 3.A ; 4.B ; 5.D ; 6.D . 二、填空题:
7.9; 8.4+
a b ; 9.2:3; 10.高; 11.22=
−y x ; 12.>; 13.6; 14
.; 15.4; 16
17
.2− 18.3+3=−y x .
三、解答题: 19
1
1+2−−−−. ························································ (4
分)
=11− ················································································· (4
分) =. ··········································································································· (2分) 20.解:(1)∵四边形ABCD 是平行四边形,
∴AD//BC ,AD =BC . ························································································· (2分)

=
BC BF
ED DF
. ······························································································· (1分) ∵BF=3DF ,∴3=BF
DF

∴3=BC ED . ···································································································· (1分) ∴3=AD ED
. ∴AE ∶ED =2. ··································································································· (1分)
(2)∵AE ∶ED =2∶1,∴12
=
DE EA .
∵= EA b ,
∴12
=
DE b . ·································································································· (1分)
∵=− CE
DE DC , ∴12
=− CE b a . ···························································································· (1分)
∵AD//BC ,∴=
CF BF
CE BD . ·········································································· (1分) ∵BF=3DF ,∴34
=BF BD .∴
3
4=CF CE . ∴34
=
CF CE . ······························································································ (1分)
∴3133428
4 =−=−
CF b a b a . ································································ (1分)
21.解:(1)∵过点A 作AH ⊥BD ,垂足为点H .
∵AB =AD , ∴BH =HD . ··················································································· (1分) ∵点D 是BC 的中点, ∴BD =CD . ∵BD =4,∴CD =4.
∴HC =6. ··········································································································· (1分) ∵1tan 4=
C ,∴1
4
=AH HC ,∴32=AH . ················································· (1分)

=AB ,
∴52
=AB . ············································································ (2分)
(2)过点C 作CG ⊥BA ,交BA 的延长线于点G . ·········································· (1分)
∵sin ==
AH CG
B
AB BC
, ················································································ (2分) ∴3
2582
=CG . ······························································································· (1分) ∴245
=
CG .
∴点C 到直线AB 的距离为
24
5
. ·································································· (1分) 22.解: 过点C 作CH ⊥BD ,垂足为点H . ········································································ (1分)
由题意,得∠DCH =27°,∠HCB =13°,AB =CH =20(米).
在Rt △DHC 中,∵tan ∠=DH
DCH CH ,∴tan 272010.2=°×≈DH . ········· (4分)
在Rt △HCB 中,∵tan ∠=HB
HCB CH
,∴tan1320 4.6=°×≈BH . ············· (4分)
∴BD =HD +HB ≈10.2 +4.6=14.8(米). ··································································· (1分)
答:教学楼BD 的高度约为14.8米.
23.证明:(1)∵2
=⋅DC DE DB ,

=DC DB
DE DC
. ··························································································· (1分) 又∵∠CDE =∠BDC ,∴△DCE ∽△DBC . ····················································· (1分) ∴∠DCE =∠DBC . ·························································································· (1分) ∵∠ABD =∠DBC ,
∴∠DCE =∠ABD . ·························································································· (1分) 又∵∠AEB =∠DEC ,∴△AEB ∽△DEC . ···················································· (2分) (2)∵△AEB ∽△DEC ,∴
=AE DE EB EC
. ······························································ (1分) 又∵∠AED =∠BEC ,∴△AED ∽△BEC . ···················································· (1分) ∴∠ADE =∠BCE . ··························································································· (1分) 又∵∠ABD =∠DBC ,∴△BDA ∽△BCE . ··················································· (1分) ∴
=BD DA
BC CE
. ······························································································ (1分) ∴⋅=⋅BC AD CE BD . ············································································ (1分)
24.解:(1)将A (-1,0)、B (3,0)代入2++=
y x bx c ,得
10930.,−+= ++= b c b c 解得:23.
,=− =− b c ························································· (2分) 所以,2
23=−−y x
x . ·············································································· (1分)
当x =0时,3=−y .∴点C 的坐标为(0,-3). ······································· (1分) (2)∵()2
2
23=14=−−−−y x x x ,∴点D 的坐标为(1,-4). ················ (1分)
∵B (3,0)、C (0,-3)、D (1,-4),∴
BC=,

BD=
∴222+18220=+==BC DC DB . ·························································· (1分)
∴∠BCD =90°. ······························································································· (1分) ∴tan ∠
CBD=1
3
=DC BC . ········································································· (1分) (3)∵tan ∠ACO=
1
3
=AO OC ,∴∠ACO =∠CBD . ··················································· (1分) ∵OC =OB ,∴∠OCB =∠OBC =45°.∴∠ACO+∠OCB =∠CBD+∠OBC .
即:∠ACB =∠DBO . ····················································································· (1分) ∴当△BDP 与△ABC 相似时,点P 在点B 左侧.
(i )当
=AC DB
CB BP
时,
=.∴BP =6.∴P (-3,0). ········································· (1分) (ii )当
=AC BP
CB DB
时,
=.∴BP =103.∴P (-13,0). ···································· (1分)
综上,点P 的坐标为(-3,0)或(-1
3
,0)
. 25.解:(1)过点A 、D 分别作AH ⊥BC 、DG ⊥BC ,垂足分别为点H 、点G .
可得:AD =HG =2,AH =DG .∵tan ∠ABC=2,AB

∴AH =2,BH =1. ······························································································ (2分)
∴DG =2.
∵DC =,∴CG 4=
. ························································· (1分) ∴BC =BH +HG +GC =1+2+4=7. ··········································································· (1分)
(2)过点E 作EM ⊥BC ,垂足为点M .可得EM =2.
由(1)得,tan ∠C=
12
DG
GC
=. ∵FB =FE ,∴∠FEB =∠FBE .
∵∠FEB =∠C ,∴∠FBE =∠C . ········································································ (1分) ∴tan ∠FBE=
12
.∴
1
2
EM BM =
,∴BM =4. ···················································· (1分) ∵2
2
2
FM EM FE +=
,∴()2
2
2
42FB FB −+=. ····························· (1分) ∴BF=
5
2
. ········································································································ (1分) (3)过点E 作EN //DC ,交BC 的延长线于点N . ∵DE //CN ,∴四边形DCNE 是平行四边形. ∴DE =CN ,∠DCB =∠ENB .
∵∠FEB =∠DCB ,∴∠FEB =∠ENB .······························································· (1分) 又∵∠EBF =∠NBE ,
∴△BEF ∽△BNE . ························································································· (1分)

BF BE BE BN
=
.∴2
BE BF BN =⋅. ···························································· (1分) 过点E 作EQ ⊥BC ,垂足为点Q .可得EQ =2,BQ =x +3.
∴()2
2
2
2
2
2
32=613BE QE BQ x x x =+=++++. ······························ (1分) ∴()2
7613y x x x +=++.
∴26137x x y x
++=
+0x <≤ . ···················································· (2分)。

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