听力文摘
20篇听写练习听力原文
Passage 1Midlife CrisisUnhappiness in middle age, also known as midlife crisis, is a universal experience. People around the world seem to share an emotional design in life. That design is shaped like the letter U. Levels of happiness are the highest when people are young and when they are old. In the middle, however, most people’s happiness and life satisfaction levels drop. Some people suffer from midlife depression more than others. But it happens to men and women, to single and married people, to the rich and poor and to those with and without children. Generally speaking, people reach their lowest levels between the ages of about forty and fifty-five. But then, as they continue into old age, their happiness starts to climb back up. Why does all this happen? One possibility is that people recognize their limitations in middle age and give up some of their long-held dreams. Passage 2Good CompanionA good companion is better than a fortune, for a fortune cannot purchase those elements of character, which make companionship a blessing. The best companion is one who is wiser and better than ourselves. Greater wisdom and goodness than we possess lifts us higher mentally and morally. It’s true that we cannot always choose all of our companions. Some are thrust upon us. But the experience is not altogether without compensation. Companion is education, good or bad; it develops manhood or womanhood, high or low; it lifts the soul upward or drags it downward; it ministers to virtue or vice. There is no half way work about its influence. It saves or destroys lustily. Nothing in the world is surer than this. Sow virtue, and harvest will be virtue. Sow vice, and the harvest will be vice. Good companions help us to sow virtue; evil companions help us to sow vice.Passage 3Global Text ProjectBooks are a high cost of higher education. But the Global Text Project hopes to create a free library of one thousand electronic textbooks for students in developing countries. The aim is to offer subjects that students may take in their first few years at a university. The books could be printed or read on a computer or copied onto a CD or DVD. The Global Text Project is a new technology, the free encyclopedia that anyone can edit on the Internet. But only one or two people will be able to make the final edits in texts. The project includes a committee of scholars, mostly from developing countries, to advice on required textbooks and their content. The group’s first book on information systems is being tested in Indonesia. Project organizers also want to offer textbooks in Arabic, Chinese and Spanish. They are working with a translation company in the United States.Passage 4HemingwayAmerican writer, Hemingway was born in Oak Park, Illinois. He started his career as a writer in a newspaper office at the age of seventeen. During the 1920s, Hemingway became a member of the group Americans living in Paris, which he described in his first important work, The Sun Also Rises. Equally successful was A Farewell to Arms, the study of an American ambulance officer’sdisillusionment in the war and his role as a deserter. Hemingway used his experience as a reporter during the Civil War in Spain as the background for his most ambitious novel, For Whom the Bell Tolls. Among his later works, the most outstanding is the short novel The Old Man and The Sea, the story of an old fisherman’s journey, his long and lonely struggle with a fish and the sea, and his victory in defeat. Now Hemingway is the classic symbol of bravery, or strong man. Passage 5Self-ConceptThe self-concept is a complex structure. This complexity is illustrated by the idea of multiple selves. We seem to be a different person in each of many different situations. An example may clarify this concept. First, picture yourself at an athletic event. Now, contrast this image with one of yourselves taking a final exam. Finally, imagine yourself at work on a very busy day. You should probably describe yourself differently in each setting. Which image is really you? Of course, all are. We have multiple selves, each dependent on a context. Together they form our self-concept. It is the context that makes certain aspects of our self-concept more important at a particular moment. Self-concept is composed of our beliefs, values, and attitudes. Our beliefs give our self-concepts their substance, our values give them aspirations and standards, and our attitudes give them motivation. These three elements provide a structure in which we develop and build ourselves.Passage 6Family Life in IndiaFamily life is equally varied in Indian states. India is a country with many states in which people are from different cultures, and so on. The languages, clothing, customs, and traditions of people are influenced by the respective regions they live in. Most of the families in India are extended ones, in which every member has his or her own role, often influenced by age and gender. Children are cherished and considered as gifts from God. Children can look forward to continual family support throughout their lives. However, they are expected to respect their elders and parents, their wishes and family relationships. The family structure in India is typical, in which there are many wedding customs, which have to be strongly followed by people. Religion, social status, traditional practices, and regional differences influence family structures. Indians are more emotionally attached to the members of their family. Husbands and wives are not allowed to openly display their affection for one another.Passage 7Causes of Forest FiresForest fires are one of the greatest natural destroyers of our forests. It has been found that about 90% of forest fires are due to human factors. The most common cause for the forest fires is the carelessness of people. Smokers may start a forest fire by carelessly dropping lighted matches and cigarettes in a forest. Tourists sometimes throw the lighted items in the bushes around or on the ground which cause fire. There are also some natural causes of forest fires. Forest fires canoccur due to lightning which burns the trees. Earthquake is also responsible for the forest fires, while other reason for fire is volcanoes and drought. High temperature and low humidity provides favorable conditions to the fire and hence it can start in forests. Since forest fires destroy valuable trees and even kill people, we need to learn the causes and to know how to prevent them. Passage 8Choosing the Perfect Hair ColorColoring your hair is one way to express your individuality. Choosing the right hair color can be confusing whether you want to cover gray hair or give yourself a new fresh look. If you are clear about what you want exactly, it can help while choosing the hair color that is right for you. You can achieve the most flattering look, if you consider your skin makeup and eye color. Hair color that balances your complexion gives the best results. For covering gray hair, you can select a shade close to your natural hair color. Hair highlights are another way to improve your overall look. Highlights can look fascinating and make an attractive impression. They add depth and dimension to the base color or natural hair. Different hair colors suit different complexions. In order to choose a suitable hair color, you need to identify the right combination.Passage 9E-educationE-education, which stands for electronic education, has at least four advantages. First, with access to the Internet, students can overcome barriers of space and time. For example, we can make educational resources in Washington available to students in Tokyo. The second is the easy access. For example, we can put multimedia resources libraries on the Internet and students can have access to these libraries just by clicking the mouse. The third is the optimization of resources. For example, we can tape the lectures given by very prominent professors and broadcast them live through the Internet. Because of these three advantages, there is another big advantage, that is, the Internet technology makes mass education possible. As you know, it is simply impossible for the whole population to receive education on campuses. And this is where the greatest advantage of E-education lies. It offers mass education and education for lifetime.Passage 10CosmeticsCosmetics are substances used to enhance the appearance or odor of the human body. A subset of cosmetics is called makeup, which refers primarily to colored products intended to alter the user’s appearance. Cosmetic use was frowned upon at many points in Western history, especially during the 19th century when social etiquette was rigid. During the 20th century, however, the popularity of cosmetics increased rapidly. Cosmetics are now in widespread use by women in nearly all industrial societies around the world. In the United States, cosmetics are used by girls at an increasingly young age. The social consequences of younger and younger beautification have had much attention in the media over the last few years. The cosmetic industry is a profitable business for most manufacturers of cosmetic products. Given the technological development and the improvement of the manufacturing process, and not least due to the constantly increasing demand of such products, this industry reported an important growth in terms of profit.Passage 11Spy Cell PhonesA spy phone is a mobile phone or a spy device that allows a user to monitor and hear or record conversations and other activities taking place over the phone. Spy phones can function in different ways. They can be used as listening devices whereby secretive conversations can be tracked. They are popularly used by secret agencies to track criminal activities that are carried out over networks. They can be used for tracking periodic calls and recording the frequency of calls from certain suspicious numbers. Also, they can be used for monitoring business and household activities while the cell phone user is away. Although spy cell phones have many positive sides, they give rise to legal as well as moral concerns, because spy cell phone software is easily available. Cell phones are easily transferable to spy phones. Their ready availability makes them subject to illegal use.Passage 12A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what they do with their non-working time. Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all the way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them. But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other's gardens is a popular pastime with the English.Passage 13Health Benefits of Red wineWe all know drinks containing alcohol are not good for health, but when it comes to drinking red wine, it is the other way around. Recent studies have concluded that there are no negative effects on the body, if red wine is not consumed excessively. Certain compounds in red wine can play a very important role in protecting the heart. It is a heart-healthy drink that can be enjoyed during evening meals. If you think that red wine is only good for the heart, then you are wrong. Studies have revealed that the substance found in the skin of red grapes can restrict cancer’s development. However, the ideal consumption is not 7 to 8 glasses of red wine. Scientific studies on the potential benefits of red wine recommend that women should not have more than one drink per day; whereas men can have two drinks per day. The word “moderate” is the key to maximize health benefits of red wine.Passage 14SleepWhy is it so difficult to fall asleep when you are overtired? There is no one answer that applies to every individual. It is possible to feel “tired” physically and still be unable to fall asleep, because while your body is exhausted, you do not feel sleepy. It is not so easy to simply “turn off”. Lack of sleep complicates matters even more. Experts say adults need at least seven to eight hoursof sleep a night to function properly. When you get less sleep than that on consecutive three nights, you begin to owe four “sleep debt”. As sleep debt increases your body experiences a stress response. Now a vicious cycle has been created: You experience the feeling of being more and more tired, but your body is increasingly stimulated. “Power sleeping” for more hours on weekends is only a temporary solution. There is no substitute forgetting a good night's sleep on a regular basis.Passage 15Holidays in the USLike other nations, the United States sets aside a number of days each year to commemorate events, people or public occasions. These holidays typically are marked by a general suspension of work and business activity, and by public or religious ceremonies. Technically, the United States does not celebrate national holidays. However, Congress has designated 10 legal public holidays. During such public holidays, most federal institutions are closed and most federal employees are excused from work. Although the individual states and private businesses are not required to observe these, in practice all states and nearly all employers observe the majority of them. Since 1971, a number of these holidays have been fixed on Mondays rather than on a particular calendar date so as to afford workers a long holiday weekend. Meanwhile, there are some US state holidays particular to individual US states.Passage 16Celebrity WorshipersAre you a celebrity worshiper? If so, that might say something about the kind of person you are. Psychologists have found that people who believe in a just world are more likely to worship celebrities. Whereas people more critical of society are less likely to obsess over a celebrity. People who strongly believe in a just world believe that life is fair, that good things happen to good people and bad things to bad people. People who believe in a just world are expressing acceptance of society and its institutions. Since the celebrity system is one of these institutions, researchers suggest that it makes sense that those believing in a just world would be satisfied with how celebrities are made and thus more likely to admire and even obsess over them. Vice versa, people who do not believe in a fair world might resist worshipping celebrities, and in fact question or criticize the system that produces them and decides who gets to be a celebrity.Passage 17Organic CoffeeToday many agricultural products are grown using organic methods and coffee is no exception. Organic products have a very minimal effect on the environment because there is no use of pesticides and fertilizers. All organic produces are certified to ensure that their products are grown in such a way. Organic coffee is a multimillion dollar industry and each year the sales of this coffee are increasing. Exports of organic coffee are up in most of Europe and North America. Organic coffee is usually grown in many countries such as Africa, Asia and South America. All over the world people have become organic coffee drinkers, but Americans consume the majority of it. All organic coffee products in the USA are certified for quality. The organic coffee is produced in a very specific way and all operators are at random inspected to ensure that they meetUS Department of Agriculture standards.Passage 18Red WolvesRed wolves present a characteristic red colored fur which is more obvious behind the ears and in the neck and legs. Other than these parts, the fur color of red wolves is brown with black shading in the back and tail. Their big ears help them overcome hot and humid climatic conditions. The average size of red wolves is 4 feet in length, 20 inches tall and weight about 45 to 80 pounds. Generally, red wolves attain sexual maturity at the age of 22 months; however, there are some species that attain within 10 months. The breeding season of red wolves is during February and March and their pregnancy period is about 2 months. Females give birth to about 1 to 10 children one time around March to April. The newly borns usually stay with their parents about two years, after which, they spread around the wild. The lifespan of red wolves is around 7 or 8 years in the wild and about 15 years in captivity.Passage 19Vertical FarmsBy the year 2050, nearly 80% of the earth's population will have resided in urban centers. An estimated 109 hectares of new land will be needed to grow enough food to feed them, if traditional farming practices continue as they are practiced today. So, an entirely new approach to farming must be invented, employing cutting edge technologies. The concept of indoor farming is not new. What is new is the urgent need to scale up this technology to accommodate a fast growing number of people. Vertical farming was thus invented. Rice on the seventh floor, wheat on the twelfth, and enough food within an eighteen-story tower to feed a small city of 50,000.Vertical farms must be cheap to construct and safe to operate. If successfully implemented, they will offer the promise of urban renewal, sustainable production of a safe and varied food supply, and the eventual repair of ecosystems that have been sacrificed for horizontal farming.Passage 20The NecktieThe necktie or tie is a long piece of cloth worn for decorative purposes around the neck or shoulders, resting under the shirt collar and knotted at the throat. The necktie is one of the few fashion accessories to have survived nearly 400 years of social change. Neck decorations have been worn since ancient times to signify title or wealth. Modern decorative neckwear dates from the 17th century in France. The Industrial Revolution helped spread the style to the masses, as millions of workers migrated from farmlands to factories and the business class was born. By the 1950s, it was said that a man wasn’t fully dressed until he had put on his tie. The tie had later come to symbolize individuality as much as conformity. Neckties are available in varied size. Men and boys wear neckties as part of regular office dress or formal wear. Neckties can also be worn as part of a uniform.。
英语听力文摘《跑步安全的提示》
英语听力文摘《跑步安全的提示》英语听力文摘《跑步安全的提示》英语听力是需要人们经常进行练习的，只有持之以恒，才能取得比较理想的成果。
下面是店铺为大家整理的一篇英语听力文摘，希望对大家有用。
Five tips for safe running跑步安全的五大提示Running may be good exercise, but it can be difficult on the body. Here are five commonly shared ideas among fitness experts to reduce the risk of injury for people new to running or jogging.跑步可能是一项好运动，但是对身体要求高。
以下是健身专家之间降低跑步或慢跑新人受伤风险的五大共同观点。
Take it easy放松Do not run too much, too soon or too fast. Most people get running injuries when they push themsleves too hard. The body needs time to get used to increases in distance or speed. Muscles and joints need time to recover.不要跑太多，太快。
多数跑步受伤的人是把自己逼得太紧。
身体需要时间来适应距离或速度的增加。
肌肉和关节需要时间来恢复。
Listen to your body倾听身体的声音Most running injuries do not come out of the blue. Usually, there are warning signs. They may include body aches, sore muscles and pain that does not go away.大多数跑步受伤不是毫无征兆。
2023年12月英语听力原文
2023年12月英语听力原文Section A:新闻听力News report 1新闻1A police officer in the US stopped a large SUV car [1] that was going very slow and drifting across lanes on a highway. He expected to find the driver who was either very drunk or having a medical emergency. Instead the officer dis covered a five year old boy sat on the edge of the driver’s seat. His feet could barely reached the brake, and his head was only high enough to see out of the windows.The child had taken the keys to the family car while his teenage sister was napping. He then drove 3 kilometers across town before getting on the highway. The boy later told confused officers that [2] he was planning the travel to California and buy a Lamborghini sports car. Although he only had 3 dollars in his wallet, at least he was driving direction.Question 1. why did the police officer stopped the SUV car?Question 2. What did the boy tell the police officer he was planning to do?News report 2新闻2Mobile phones have changed the way we live.How we read, work,communicate and shop,but we already know this. O3. What we have not yet understood is the way the tiny machines in front of us are changing our skeletons, possibly altering not just the way we behave, but even the very shape f our bodies.New scientific research at the University of the Sunshine; Coast in Queensland Australia,suggests that young people are developing extra pieces of bone at the backs of their heads. These pieces of bone are caused by the way people bend their heads when they use the phone. This shifts weight onto the muscles at the back of the head and causes the bone to grow in a way that is not normal.This process can be compared to the way the skin hardens in response to constant rubbing or pressure. Q4.The result is a piece of bone like a horn that sticks out from the head by the neck.Question 3. What does the report say we have not yet understood about mobile phones?Question 4. What happens to the skin when rubbed or pressed constantly?News report 3新闻3A village is going to [Q5] throw a birthday party for an orange.cat named Wilbur, who has become famous for making a regular appearance at local shops. Wilbur has his own internet pages as he approaches his 10thbirthday on July 7.[Q6]Wilbur is both bold and friendly He spends most of his time in shop sand businesses around the village.He'll just take himself into any shop anywhere There was one time when the doctor's receptionist came back and he was sitting on her chair.Among his favorite haunts, are a local hairdresser,two pubs,wand the Nottingham Primary School.Leslie Harper, who runs one of the pubs said the cat has been a big hit with their customers [Q7] “He's been a regular visitor for most of this year,”she told the Press Association,“He's a very relaxed cat happy for customers and villages young and old to come in and say hello.”She also said he is [Q6] a cat of expensive tastes who likes his high-priced cat food.Sara Godfrey,who is organizing Wilber's party, told the local newspaper,"Wilbur is part of our lives as he is for everyone who lives in the village."Question 5. What does the report say the village is going to do for the cat Wilbur?Question 6 What do we learn from there port about the cat?Section B:长对话1M: So, _[8) where do you want to go for lunch?W: I don't know. Do you have anything in mind?M: What about [9] the sandwich place on Camden Street?W : No, sorry. I don't feel like sandwiches today. It's a great place,but I think we go there too often.M: That's true. Remember that's where we saw/ Bridget Clark, the famous movie star.W: Of course. How could i e,er forget?There were crowds of people around her asking for a photo with her.M:What about hamburgers,Then?There's that American style diner on the way to the mall.W: I like that place. Their chips are great, but their service takes along time. And I need to get back by 2:30 [10] for a conference call.How about trying something new? We could try Mario's, the new Italian restaurant on the corner. It look all right.Have you been there?M: No, l haven't, but I've noticed that it has great reviews on the Internet. It's supposed to be one of the best Italians in town.I think Jeremy has been there and said it was amazing. I'm up for that.W: Cool. Have you asked my if he would like to come with us?M: I already have. He says he can't. He has brought his own lunch today, so he will stay in. I think his wife made him soup.W:Poor Jeremy.[11] His wife is a terrible cook He should throw that soup in the bin and join us.Question 8. What are the speakers talking about in this conversation?Question 9. Where did the speakers see Bridget Clark, the famous movie star?Question 10. Why does the woman say she needs to get back by 2:30?Question 11. Why does the woman say Jeremy should throw his soup in the bin?长对话2W: Hi there How are you today? [O12]Do you have a reservation with us already?M: Good afternoon. Yes.We reserved our rooms yesterday morning on your website for three nights.The name’s Patterson.W: Okay.Let me have a look. Yes, we have it here. You brought the whole family with you .I see. M: Yes. The two kids, my wife and l, and her parents too.W: Great. So we have a family room for you and your wife and the kids,and another double room for your parents-in-law. They are right next to each other on the ground floor Since you mentioned in your message that they have trouble with stairs.M: That's wonderful.[O13] My father-in-aw has had terrible problems getting up and down stairs since his knee operation last April.W: I'm sorry to,hear that. And if you need any help to find transportation for the whole family, we can definitely recommend someone for you.M: We were thinking of renting a car,but we will explore all the options available for sure. So yes, that would be very helpful [O14lin comparing prices.We're also wondering what tours and day trips are available.W: We have bunches of brochures here. would recommend getting out on a boat trip. The kids will love it and there are so many islands nearby to explore. There's also a great night market further into town that has all kinds of food and cool little shops selling souvenirs and local jewelry and clothing made by hand Ma That all sounds marvelous.W: [O15] Now all l need is to photo copy your passports and then I can get you all checked in and show you to your rooms.Question 12. Who is the man talking to in the conversation?(预测是酒店前台receptionist/reception desk)Question 13. What do we learn about the man's father-in-law from the conversation?Question 14. Why does the man say they will explore all the options available?Question15.What does the woman suggest the man and his family do close to the end of the conversation?Section C:短文1Artificial intelligence agents play evermore influential roles in our lives. [Q16)They do everything from suggesting new friends to[Q16)purchases.They're s even beginning to drive our cars. Another role that they are expected to take over is negotiating on our behalf in commercial transactions or legal disputes. So it's important to know[Q17] whether using an artificial intelligence agent might affect how we negotiate.Research indicates that it does. In anew study,participants were told to imagine that they were negotiating for something important to them, like a house. Next, they were told either that they would negotiate for themselves, or they would program an artificial intelligence agent to negotiate for them. Participants then completed a survey indicating how tough,deceptive and pleasant,or otherwise they wanted to be, or one of their agent to be in the negotiations,For example,participants could choose to be tough by making an opening demand far greater than what they'd be willing to accept.They could also choose to expre55sympathy with their opponent to appear pleasant, but they could also indicate that day or their agent would strategically express anger toward the opponent to gain advantage or they could opt to convey dissatisfaction with the encounter, so that the other part would think they were losing interest. These are both examples of deceptive strategies.fQ18] Participants were more willing to employ deceptive strategies when assigned an agent to negotiate on their behalf.Questions 16, What does the passage say about artificial intelligence agents?Questions 17 What does the new study wan to find out about using an artificial intelligence agent?Question 18 What did participants tend to do when assigned an Al agent to negotiate on their behalf?短文2Q19, For years using recycled plastic to make plastic products was cheap By contrast, fossil fuel plastic was more expensive. Thus, this sustainable option was an economic option, too. But now it is cheaper for major manufacturers to use new plastic. According to one recent business report,recycled plastic now costs an extra S72 a ton compared with newly made plastic. This may be because of consumer demands. They are pushing for more recycled plastics in new products. Q20.Meanwhile, plastic is becoming cheaper, This is because of a boom in petroleum chemical production from the US. The price increase of recycled plastic could cost sustainable manufacturers an extra $250 million a year. Smaller manufacturers may also be forced to use new plastic to reduce costs.Makers of clear plastic bottles may also opt for new fossil fuel based plastic to save money. plastic packaging makers are being pressured to use more recycled plastic.This is done in hopes of reducing the enormous amount of plastic pollution in the oceans.Q21.The UK government plans to tax companies which don't use at least30% recycled plastic in their products.Additionally the government is planning to increase the quantity of recycled plastic in the market. This could mean incentives for new recycling plants, Additionally,recycling facilities may be improved at a local council level and recycled plastic could be imported. This would help increase the amount of recycled plastic in circulation.Question 19. What is said about using recycled plastic to make plastic products in the past?Question 20. What has led. to more competitive price for new plasticQuestion 21. What does the UK government plan to do about plastic?Section C: 短文3What is personal space? We often think of it as an invisible bubble of space surrounding us that others can't enter without causing discomfort. Research shows however[22] that we actually have bubbles of different sizes. Each of these bubbles applies to a different set of people.The smallest zone called intimate space extends outward from our bodies 18 inches in ever direction.Only family, pets and one's closest friends may enter it.[23] A mere acquaintance entering our intimate space makes us uncomfortable.Next is the bubble called personal space extending from 1.5 feet to 4 feet away. Friends and acquaintances can comfortably occupy this zone,especially during informal conversations,but strangers are forbidden .[24]Extending from 4 to 12 feet away from us is social space. Here people feel comfortable comfortable conducting routine social interactions with new acquaintances or total strangers. Those are the average sizes of Americans personal bubbles anyway.It is important to keep in mind that personal space varies depending on culture and context Furthermore,there are significant individual differences. As we all know cultural or individual differences in personal bubble diameters are all too often the cause of discomfort.How did these personal bubbles arise? According to research, we begin to develop our individual sense of persona! space around age 3 or 4. The sizes of our bubbles are fixed -[25)by our teens. These bubbles are constructed and monitored by the brain region involved in fear. Question 22.What does research show about our personal space?Question 23. What happens if a mere acquaintance enters our intimate space?Question 24. Where do people feel comfortable interacting with new acquaintances or strangers? Question 25 When are the sizes of our bubbles fixed?。
202312月六级听力原文
202312月六级听力原文2023年12月六级听力原文Part I: ConversationW: Hey, have you heard about the new restaurant that just opened downtown?M: No, I haven't. What's so special about it?W: Well, it's called "Taste of Asia" and it offers a wide variety of Asian cuisines. They have Chinese, Japanese, Thai, and even Indian dishes.M: That sounds amazing! I love Asian food. Is it expensive?W: Surprisingly, it's quite affordable. The prices are reasonable, and the portions are generous.M: That's great to hear. I'll definitely check it out this weekend.W: You should. I went there last night and the food was delicious. I highly recommend their sushi and curry dishes.M: Thanks for the recommendation. I can't wait to try it.Part II: LectureGood morning, everyone. Today, I'd like to talk about the importance of time management. Time management is a crucial skill that can greatly impact our productivity and success in both personal and professional aspects of life.Firstly, effective time management allows us to prioritize tasks and allocate our time wisely. By setting clear goals and deadlines, we can focus on what needs to be done and avoid wasting time on unimportant activities. This helps us stay organized and ensures that we complete tasks in a timely manner.Secondly, time management helps reduce stress and improve work-life balance. When we manage our time effectively, we can avoid procrastination and last-minute rushes, which often lead to stress and anxiety. By planning our time well, we can create a balance between work, family, and leisure activities, leading to a more fulfilling and satisfying life.Furthermore, time management enhances our efficiency and productivity. When we have a clear plan and schedule, we can eliminate distractions and stay focused on our tasks. This allows us to work more efficiently and accomplish more in less time. By managing our time effectively, we can achieve our goals and reach our full potential.Lastly, time management promotes self-discipline and self-improvement. It requires us to be accountable for our own time and take responsibility for our actions. By practicing good time management habits, such as setting realistic deadlines and avoiding procrastination, we can develop self-discipline and improve our overall productivity and performance.In conclusion, time management is a vital skill that can greatly impact our lives. It allows us to prioritize tasks, reduce stress, enhance efficiency, and promote self-discipline. By managing our time effectively, we can achieve our goals, maintain a healthy work-life balance, and lead a morefulfilling life. So, let's start practicing good time management habits and make the most of our time. Thank you.Part III: DiscussionNow, let's move on to the discussion section. Today's topic is about the impact of social media on society.M: I think social media has had a significant impact on society. It has revolutionized the way we communicate and connect with others.W: I agree. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have made it easier for us to stay connected with friends and family, no matter where they are.M: That's true. It has also provided a platform for people to express their opinions and share their experiences with a wider audience.W: However, social media has its downsides as well. It can be addictive and time-consuming, leading to a decrease in productivity and real-life interactions.M: I think social media has also contributed to the spread of fake news and misinformation. People often believe and share information without verifying its authenticity.W: That's a valid point. Social media has definitely changed the way we consume news and information, and it's important for us to be critical and discerning.M: Overall, I believe social media has both positive and negative impacts on society. It's up to us to use it responsibly and make the most of its benefits while being aware of its drawbacks.W: I couldn't agree more. It's important for us to strike a balance and not let social media consume our lives.M: Absolutely. Let's use social media as a tool for connection and information, rather than letting it control us.W: Well said. Thank you for sharing your thoughts.M: Thank you for the discussion.。
听力文本——精选推荐
听⼒⽂本1.Dining Customs in the USAAmericans, like many people elsewhere in the world,ike to invite friends to their homes for an evening of food, drink and conversation. Formal dinners in fine homes and hotels in the US are much the same as formal dinners anywhere in the world. But as most people in the US have no servants, their dinner parties at home tend to be informal. Guests may sit down at a table,or as many new small homes have no separate dining room or very small dining space. Guests can also serve themselves and eat in the living room, holding their plates or trays on their knees.A more enjoyable form of entertainment is the picnic.Americans are great picnickers and almost every family has a picnic basket.Summer invitations are often for a picnic at a park or in the open countryside, and less hamburgers or hot dogs are cooked over a fire.Picnic food is usually cold.2. Costs in Colleges and UniversitiesNearly all American students in colleges and universities pay for their educations.There are many costs. First of all, there is tuition.At some schools, the tuition is very high, ten thousand dollars a year or more.At other schools, it may only be a few hundred dollars a year. At some community colleges, tuition is free. There are other costs as well.Many students leave their homes to go to schools in other cities. They may live in dormitories or apartments, and they must pay for it.Finally, students must buy textbooks for their courses.Going to college or university can be a big expensSome families start saving money for their children's education when the children are small. Many students work to save money for tuition.They can also get loans from the government. They pay the money back to the government when they finish their education. Now you have 2 minutes to check through your work.That is the end of PART I Dictation.3. RainbowYou will not always see a rainbow when it rains while the sun shines.The sun must be in the right position over the horizon. And remember to turn your back to the sun when you look toward the sky. A rainbow will never appear in the path between you and the sun. If you are on the ground, you will only see a part of the rainbow. This is because the earth blocks the rest of the circle.You can see the whole circle if you are flying high in a plane when a rainbow happens. The shadow of the plane would be in the center. Rainbows hold an important place in the traditional stories and beliefs that make up many cultures.For example, some cultures say the rainbow represents a bridge between life and death.Still others see the rainbow as a sign of good things to come. Now you have 2 minutes to check through your work.That is the end of PART I Dictation.4. ]The Color of SnowGenerally, the color of snow appears white.This is because the light we see from the sun is white.Most natural materials take in some sunlight. This gives them their color.However, when light travels from air to snow, some light is sent back, or reflected.Snow crystals have many surfaces to reflect sunlight.Yet the snow does take in a little sunlight.It is this light that gives snow its white appearance. Sometimes, snow may appear to be blue. The blue light is the product of a long travel path through the snow.In simple terms, think of snow as a filter. A filter is designed to reject some substances, while permitting others to pass through.In the case of snow, all the light makes it through if the snow is only a centimeter thick.If it is a meter or more thick, however, blue light often can be seen.Now you have 2 minutes to check through your work.That is the end of PART I Dictation.5.CampsMany children spend weeks at traditional camps by lakes in the mountains.There are camps for all interests:horseback riding, rock climbing, and science, to name a few. There are even camps to learn how to be a clown.Many Americans have happy memories of going away to camp as kids. Now, grown-ups can relive those times. In some state, for example, adults can spend a week at a snowboarding camp. Snowboarding is a mix between skiing and skateboarding.The campers spend most of the day on the mountain with coaches to teach them. In the afternoon, they return to camp for other activities.Some ride bicycles, others swim or play volleyball.The adults share cabins and meals just like kids at camp do.But, for some adults, the best camps are the ones where they can be with their kids. There are some weekend camp programs for parents and children together. Now you have 2 minutes to check through your work.That is the end of PART I Dictation.6.]Cars in the FutureAs big cars cause many problems,such as pollution, shortage of parking space, crowded traffic, scientists are now trying to design some small cars that may some day replace today's big automobiles. If more people begin to drive such cars in the future, there will be less air pollution.There will also be more space for parking cars in cities,and the streets will be less crowded.Three such cars can fit in the space that is now needed for one car of the usual size.The little cars will cost much less to own and to drive.Driving will be safer as these cars can only go 60 kilometers per hour.The cars of the future will be fine for driving around the city. However, they will not be suitable for long trips, because these cars by petrol can only go 450 kilometers before needing to stop for refueling.Now you have 2 minutes to check through your work.That is the end of PART I Dictation.7.The Greenhouse EffectTo get a better understanding of global warming, it is important to understand the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse effect is the rise in the temperatures caused by absorption of the Sun's heat and light by the Earth's surface which then is reflected back and trapped within the Earth's atmosphere. The greenhouses gases, help to keep the Earth warm, and this is the reason why life on Earth has existed, and still thrives. However, with an increase in the gases like carbon dioxide, ozone, and water vaporin the atmosphere, as an outcome to growing environmental pollution; industrial, domestic, and loss of vast stretches of grassland and rain forest, Earth has gotten nearly 14% hotter than what it used to be 50 years ago,with 2005 being recorded as the hottest year ever. Besides humans and plants, global warming effects on animals is a cause of concern.8.Christmas CandlesFrankly speaking, Christmas candles are no different from any other decorative candle that you might find in the shops all through the year. But the very fact that they are lit up during Christmastime gives them the look of a festival. Christmas candles are big in size and designed in several shapes. You will find the common round shapes -Christmas candles tend to play up on the thickness so that they can burn longer,all through the Christmas Eve if desired.Traditional colors of Christmas candles are preferably red or golden, the colors of the season. But you will find all colors on the shelves nowadays.However, if other colors are used, they are often decorated with obvious Christmas designs to make them part of the season. Red and golden candles are usually kept as they are, because the colors themselves lend grace to the season.Now you have 2 minutes to check through your work.That is the end of PART I Dictation.9.Bread-makingPeople make bread in different ways,but the bread that's made in Britain contains five ingredients.There's water, flour of course,and then there's salt, sugar and something called yeast.A long time ago, people made bread just from flour and water,and their bread looked and tasted very different from the bread we make today. It was a different shape-like large flat biscuit and it was dark brown in colour. But it was too heavy to digest.Then the Egyptians discovered that yeast,which is a kind of fungus, will make bread rise.Well, in fact, if you look at a modern loaf of breadthrough a microscope,it looks a bit like a sponge, doesn't it? Full of little holes.Well, the holes make the bread lighter,of course, and easier to digest. Now you have 2 minutes to check through your work.That is the end of PART I Dictation.。
英语听力材料 英语听力材料原文(5篇)
英语听力材料英语听力材料原文(5篇)听力在高考试卷中占的比分是五分之一，其比分之大使得考生不敢对其有半点的马虎。
为了让您对于英语听力材料的写作了解的更为全面，下面作者给大家分享了5篇英语听力材料原文，希望可以给予您一定的参考与启发。
英语听力材料原文篇一In America, people are faced with more and more decisions every day, whether it’s picking one of 31 ice cream (1) , or deciding whether and when to get married. That sounds like a great thing, but as a recent study has shown, too many choices can make us (2) , unhappy, even paralyzed with indecision. ‘That’s (3) true when it comes to the work place’, says Barry Schwartz, an (4) of six books about human behavior. Students are graduating with a (5) of skills and interests, but often find themselves (6) when it comes to choosing an ultimate career goal. In a study, Schwartz observed decision-making among college students during their (7) year.flavors confused particularly author variety overwhelmed senior.在美国，人们每天都在面临越来越多的选择。
【听力文摘】玫瑰不叫玫瑰
【听力文摘】玫瑰不叫玫瑰A Rose By Any Other NameJust saying the word “rose” conjures up images of romance, secret admirers, Valentines gifts, andbridal bouquets. Romantics imagine soft, red petals and long, graceful stems, b ut practicalgardeners know all about painful, pointy thorns. As the saying goes, every ros e has its thorn. But,what we call thorns are actually not thorns at all.ThornsThorns, like those found on the Hawthorn tree, are modified branches that project from t he stemand branches of a woody plant.They are very sharp and quite strong because they are made of the same stuff as the ste m of thetree or bush. Thorns are deeply embedded in the woody structure of the plant a nd can’t bebroken off easily. Those nasty points on the stem of the rose are not true thor ns: they are whatscientists call “prickles.”PricklesPrickles are smaller than thorns: they are sharp outgrowths of the plant’s outer layers, th e skin-likeepidermis, and the sub-epidermal layer just beneath it. Unlike a thorn, a prickle can be easilybroken off the plant because it is really a feature of the outer layers rather than part of the wood,like a thorn.Both prickles and thorns protect the plant from predators, and, maybe, from lovers looki ng for afree bouquet. But perhaps we call the rose prickles “thorns” because saying “ever y rose has itsprickle”doesn’t seem to do justice to the pain of unrequited love.--from putclub。
专四听写50篇的听力原文
1 Town and Country Life in EnglandThere is a big difference between town life and country life in England. In the country, everybody knows everybody else. They know what time you get up, what time you go to bed and what you have for dinner. If you want help, you will always get it and you will be glad to help others.In a large town like London, however, it can sometimes happen that you have never seen your next door neighbor and you do not know his name or anything about him. People in London are often very lonely. This is because people go to different places in the evenings and at weekends. If you walk through the streets in the centre of London on Sunday, it is like a town without people. One is sorry for old people living on their own. They could die in their homes and would not be discovered for weeks or even months.2 A Change in Women’s LifeThe important change in women’s life-pattern has only recently begun to have its full effect on women’s economic position. Even a few years ago most girls left school at the first opportunity, and most of them took a full-time job. However, when they married, they usually left work at once and never returned to it. Today the school-leaving age is sixteen, many girls stay at school after that age, and though women tend to marry younger, more married women stay at work at least until shortly before their first child is born. Very many more afterwards return to full-time or part-time work. Such changes have led to a new relationship in marriage, with the husband accepting a greater share of the duties and satisfactions of family life and with both husband and wife sharing more equally in providing the money, and running the home, according to the abilities and interests of each of them.3 A Popular Pastime of the English PeopleOne of the best means of understanding the people of any nation is watching what the do with their non-working time.Most English men, women and children love growing things, especially flowers. Visitors to England in spring, summer or autumn are likely to see gardens all they way along the railway lines. There are flowers at the airports and flowers in factory grounds, as well as in gardens along the roads. Each English town has at least one park with beautifully kept flower beds. Public buildings of every kind have brilliant window boxes and sometimes baskets of flowers are hanging on them.But what the English enjoy most is growing things themselves. If it is impossible to have a garden, then a window box or something growing in a pot will do. Looking at each other’s gardens is a popular pastime with the English.Useful Words and Expressions:1. window box 窗台上的花盆箱2. pastime 消遣，娱乐4 British and American Police OfficersReal policemen, both in Britain and the U.S., hardly recognize any common points between their lives and what they se on TV—if they ever get home in time.Some things are almost the same, of course, but the policemen do not think much of them much of them.The first difference is that a policeman’s re al life deals with the law. Most of what he learns is the law. He has to know actually what actions are against the law and what facts can be used to prove them in court. He has to know nearly as much law as a lawyer, and what’s more, he has to put it into practiceon his feet, in the dark and, running down a narrow street after someone he wants to talk to.Little of his time is spent in talking with beautiful girls or in bravely facing cruel criminals. He will spend most of his working life arranging millions of words on thousands of forms about hundreds of sad, ordinary people who are guilty--- or not of stupid, unimportant crimes.Useful Words and Expressions:1. think much of 重视，尊重2. in court 在法庭上5 Living SpaceHow much living space does a person need? What happens when his space needs are not met? Scientists are doing experiments on rats to try to determine the effects of overcrowded conditions on man. Recent studies have shown that the behavior of rats is greatly affected by space. If rats have enough living space, they eat well, sleep well and produce their young well. But if their living conditions become too crowded, their behavior and even their health change obviously. They can not sleep and eat well, and signs of fear and worry become clear. The more crowded they are, and more they tend to bite each other and even kill each other. Thus, for rats, populations and violence are directly related. Is this a natural law for human society as well? Is enough space not only satisfactory, but necessary for human survival? These are interesting questions.6 The United NationsIn 1945, representatives of 50 nations met to plan this organization. It was called the United Nations. After the war, many more nations joined.There are two major parts of the United Nations. One is called the GeneralAssembly. In the General Assembly, every member nation is represented and has an equal vote.The second part is called the Security Council. It has representatives of just 15 nations. Five nations are permanent members: the United States, Russia, France, Britain, and China. The 10 other members are elected every two years by the General Assembly.The major job of the Security Council is to keep peace in the world. If necessary, it can send troops from member nations to try to stop little wars before they turn into big ones.It is hard to get the nations of the Security Council to agree on when this is necessary. But they did vote to try to stop wars.Useful Words and Expressions:1. representative 代表2. General Assembly 联合国大会3. permanent 永久的，持久的4. Security Council 联合国安全理事会7 PlasticWe use plastic wrap to protect our foods. We put our garbage in plastic bags or plastic cans. We sit on plastic chairs, play with plastic toys, drink from plastic cups, and wash our hair with shampoo from plastic bottles!Plastic does not grow in nature. It is made by mixing certain things together. We call it a produced or manufactured material. Plastic was first made in the 1860s from plants, such as wood and cotton. That plastic was soft and burned easily.The first modern plastics were made in the 1930s. Most clear plastic starts out as thick, black oil. That plastic coating inside a pan begins as natural gas.Over the years, hundreds of different plastics have been developed. Some are hard and strong. Some are soft and bendable. Some are clear.Some are many-colored. There is a plastic for almost every need. Scientists continue to experiment with plastics. They hope to find even ways to use them!8 Display of GoodsAre supermarkets designed to persuade us to buy more? Fresh fruit and vegetables are displayed near supermarket entrances. This gives the impression that only healthy food is sold in the shop. Basic foods that everyone buys, like sugar and tea, are not put near each other. They are kept in different aisles so customers are taken past other attractive foods before they find what they want. In this way, shoppers are encouraged to buy products that they do not really need.Sweets are often placed at children’s eye level at the checkout. While parents are waiting to pay, children reach for the sweets and put them in the trolley.More is bought from a fifteen-foot display of one type of product than from a ten-foot one. Customers also buy more when shelves are full than when they are half empty. They do not like to buy from shelves with few products on them because they feel there is something wrong with those products that are there.9 Albert EinsteinAlbert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879, His father owned a factory that made electrical devices. His mother enjoyed music and books. His parents were Jewish but they did not observe many of the religion’s rules. Albert was a quite child who spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty learning to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always pointed in the same direction—to be north. He asked his father and his uncle what caused the needle to move. Their answers aboutmagnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy to understand. Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things.Useful expressions and words:1. device 装置，设备leave to one’s own devices 听任某人自行其是，允许某人按自己的意愿做事She left the child to her own devices for an hour in the afternoon.她允许孩子在下午有一个小时的自由支配时间。
5篇听力短文
5篇听力短文学会倾听对每个人都很重要。
学会倾听，你会得到很多。
别人在说话的时候，学会倾听就是尊重别人。
在这段话里，你可能会得到很多收获，比方人生哲学，经典语言，这些都可以帮助你写作文，让作文更加丰富多彩。
只有学会倾听，你才会懂得尊重他人；只有学会倾听，你才会得到哲学和经典的语言；只有学会倾听，才能拥有一颗积极向上的心；只有学会倾听，才能感受到任何一种声音都让人有无限的想象力。
生活中，我是一个喜欢笑的女生，因为我会倾听，因为我知道学会倾听有多好，让人有多开心。
每次下课后，听同学们说这节课的重点，自然觉得自己懂得学习，懂得复习。
上课的时候，不像其他同学，上课讲话都讲不完。
我会认真听老师分析的每一步，让我学到知识。
在家里，我总是听奶奶说这段时间发生了什么。
听奶奶讲完这段时间遇到的烦恼，我会抚慰奶奶，逗奶奶开心，给奶奶讲笑话。
在社会上，我总是听听街头儿童的声音，去孤儿院看看他们在这个时期过得怎么样。
我时不时陪着他们，却给他们讲故事。
每当给这些孤儿讲故事的时候，他们总是认真听，这让我觉得他们是多么的尊重人。
就连这些孩子也懂得尊重我们。
难道不应该仔细听听孩子们的声音吗？生活中，很多单亲家庭的孩子被别人看不起，总有人辱骂嘲笑。
这些人不应该醒过来吗？被人嘲笑侮辱的时候是什么感觉？他们没有，他们从来不认真听，所以他们不应该得到尊重和爱。
无聊没事的时候，听听孩子的声音，父母的声音，爷爷奶奶的声音。
到时候你就会明白，学会倾听，你会得到很多人生哲理和快乐。
朋友，任何时候，都要学会倾听，尊重，关心他们，这样你才会得到他们的尊重和爱。
倾听可以净化我们的心灵，提高我们的素质，给我们许多哲学，让我们快乐。
学会倾听是受到尊重的。
我希望我们每个人都应该学会用心倾听和影响他们。
学会倾听，让别人知道世界的声音是如此美好。
学会倾听，让自己得到别人的尊重。
学会倾听，让需要爱的人释放心中的痛苦，让他们得到别人的爱，让他们不再感到孤独和难过。
英语听力文摘《陨石坑》
英语听力文摘《陨石坑》不少人在问，如何自己的技巧，其实方法无他，就是坚持练习英语听力。
下面，就为大家送上一篇英语听力文摘，希望对大家有所帮助。
They’re the roundish blast-marks left on the moon’s surface by ancient meteorites. The moon’s surface is covered with literally billions of impact craters, and some of them are bigger than a fair-sized city on earth. You can see the bigger ones just with the naked eye, and with apair of binoculars you can make out many more.陨石坑呈圆形，它们是古代陨石撞击月球外表所留下的痕迹。
月球外表有着数以亿计的陨石坑，有的陨石坑比地球上一个大城市还要大。
仅用肉眼你就能看到月球外表较大的陨石坑，如果使用望远镜的话，你可以看到更多陨石坑。
So now let’s make some of our own. Take a wide, flat pan, such as the kind you’d bake cookies in. Take it outside, because this gets kind of messy! Poor flour or baking soda or sand across the bottom so it makes a thick, flat surface. That’s your undist urbed moon.那么现在就让我们来制作自己的陨石坑。
找一个宽而平的平底锅，类似我们平时烤饼干所用的那种。
最好到外面做这个实验，因为场面会变得十分狼藉。
英语听力文摘 有孩子的家庭更幸福
英语听力文摘有孩子的家庭更幸福现在，有一种说法是有孩子的家庭更幸福，你怎么看?下面，就为大家送上一篇相关的文摘，希望对大家有用。
Dear A Moment of Science,亲爱的《科学一刻》栏目组，I’m a parent of two young kids. It’s challenging, but overall a very rewarding experience. Yet I keep hearing about studies suggesting that parents are less happy than childless couples and single people without children. How sound is this science?我有两个小孩。
养育他们是件很有挑战性的事，但总的来说也让我获益良多。
我一直听说一些研究说明，有孩子的夫妻不及那些没有孩子的夫妻和单身人士幸福。
这种说法合理吗?Well, it’s true that over the past several years a wave of studies has associated parenting with unhappiness. But that’s not the whole story. In fact, one study by researchers at the University of California, Riverside, the University of British Columbia, and Stanford found just the opposite: that, all things considered, parenthood is strongly associated with happiness and meaning.确实，在过去几年中，很多研究都认为养育子女会降低幸福感。
听力文章必背
【听力文摘】费尔米悖论We’ve recently been talking about the Fermi Paradox, attributed to Nobel-winning physicist Enrico Fermi.According to reasonable estimates of how many stars have planets, how many planets may be suitable for the evolution of organisms, and so on, our Milky Way Galaxy should be brimming over with life–even intelligent life.So why is there no plausible, scientific evidence of alien civilizations? Or, as Fermi said, “Where is everybody?” Various scientists have proposed different solutions to Fe rmi’s Paradox. One possibility, for example, is that life is indeed common, but only humans have developed high-level intelligence.Maybe that’s it. But then, the whole trend of science for four hundred years has been the discovery that earth isn’t the ce nter of the universe, that the sun is just one of many stars. In other words, we aren’t unique. Is it really likely that what happens on one planet is entirely different from what happens on literally billions of others?Okay–maybe there’s just no way to get from one planet to another. Aliens may be out there, but the distances between stars are too great to ever meet one.Maybe that’s it. But then, they should still be putting out signals. This radio broadcast, for example, is zooming away from earth at light speed right now, and will eventually cross the paths of far-away planets. So why don’t we hear anything when we listen to deep space?The list of possible solutions to Fermi’s Paradox goes on, as do the counter-questions. We’d like to hear your idea s. If you have a solution to the paradox, write us at amos @ .最强韧的天然纤维-蚕丝Silk is the strongest natural fiber in the world, as far as we know. Scientists long to understand just how exactly the silkworm manages the process of silk weaving, so they can replicate the process in order to manufacture such things as high-strength and high-performance materials for sports and law enforcement.Though our understanding of the silk-making process is not yet complete, scientists do know that the key to making silk lies in the animal’s careful managing of the water content in its silk glands.Silk gets its strength from its proteins. Parts of the proteins are hydrophilic, or water-loving; other parts are hydrophobic, orwater-fearing. For some time it was a mystery how silkworms managed to convert these proteins into silk threads without the proteins crystallizing before the animal is ready tospin them.Premature crystallization would clog up their silk glands, which would likely prove fatal to the little creatures.The answer lies in the silkworm’s slowly decreasing water content in its silk glands and in the proteins’ ability to retain water, keeping the solution soluble up until it is spun. As the water decreases, the water-loving parts of the proteins fold together in chains, forcing the water-fearing parts together.As the water level continues to drop, the folded chains of silk push together more and more to form larger and larger gel-like structures. All the while the water-loving parts retain enough water so that the solution does not crystallize prematurely, before there is enough of the material to begin spinning.眼睛间谍Eye spy, on this moment of science. You see at a movie's, someone is asked for identification, instead of producing a badge or picture, they simply look into a camera. Hollywood special effect department then show us lots of needle computer graphics. They suggest a future machine that can scan the human eye or in order to positively identify the person. The future is after all, it seems, eye scanning devises not only exists, they are being tried out in various locations around the world.The idea behind a iris scanner is just what sci-fi told us it would be. Everyone’s iris is unique, and easily distinguished by modern computers from the iris of any other person on the planet. In fact, irises are more easily distinguished than either fingerprints or signatures, both of which are used today as evidence of identity. Push your finger down too hard and you can throw off a fingerprint reading device. And it’s by no means impossible to imitate another person’s signature!But iris scans are almost impossible to fake. As you walk toward the bank teller a camera zooms in on your torso, finds your head, then finds your eye. It snaps a picture and then breaks down the iris markings into dark areas and light areas. This data is compared with a scan you put into the c omputer’s memory when you opened your account. Bing! You don’t even need to swipe a card.Some systems even check for the tell-tale contraction and dilation of the iris, to prove that the eye being scanned is indeed alive.如鱼得水D: OK, Yael, you want to build an aquatic robot,and you're trying to figure out the most efficient way to move it through water, what do you do?Y: I am guessing the answer isn't to build a robot using a lot of root-force to move forward?D: Anyone who has tried walking or running in water knows how much effort that can take compared to swimming, which by the way is a hint.Y: It is?D: Look at the fish, my friend. Many fish after all, live in turbulent waters.Y: I see where this is going. Over time, fish have made adaptations to conserve energy when swimming against the current.D: And researchers at Harvard figured out the underlying physics.Y: So they literally understand what it means to swim like a fish?D: Yes. You see, when water hits objects like branches, rocks, or other fish, it forms strings of little whirlpools, or vortices. So researchers set up a tank with water flowing in one direction, and dropped a cylinder in it that generated vortices.Y: So what did they find out?D: The researchers observed that rather than fighting the current, the fish simply slalomed between vortices, using a swimming style that resembles a flag flapping in the wind. The advantage of all theside-to-side movement is that it requires very little muscle activity. In fact, fish can use this technique to hold their position and rest while in rough patches of water.Y: I bet that comes in handy for swiming up a fish letter.D: These findings have applications ranging from technology to conservation.Y: And it gives us a whole new dimension of what it means to swim like a fish.构建新的臭氧层Making New OzoneWe’re always hearing that the ozone layer is being depleted, and how bad this is because we need it to protect us from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays.But I’ve been thinking, and there has to be a more effective way to restore the ozone layer than just by sitting around not releasing any more harmful chemicals into the air so the ozone has a chance to repair itself.Even though the ozone molecule contains three oxygen atoms–and the oxygen molecule s we breathe contain two oxygen atoms, we can’t just use that oxygen to produce a bunch of ozone ourselves and stick it back up in the atmosphere.Several reasons prevent us from doing this. For one thing, ozone in large quantities is extremely hazardous and volatile, which makes it hard to work with, to say the least. Also, the ozone layer is immense–there’s roughly twenty billion tons of it–and we’d have no way of handling such large quantities.Plus, the ozone layer requires a huge amount of energy to maintain itself, which right now it gets from the sun. Taking over natural ozone production would require more than double the energy the United States produces annually. That would cause an enormous amount of blackouts.And that’s why the only way we kno w to fight ozone depletion is by cleaning up our act and giving nature the chance to take its course.【听力文摘】喝酒暖身？不过是错觉Cold Heart, Warm Hands, and AlcoholContrary to popular belief, alcohol does not make you warmer. It may give you the feeling that you’re getting warmer, but that’s just an illusion: really, alcohol makes you more susceptible to the cold.In cold weather, the body reacts by routing blood away from the skin toward the internal organs. This prevents loss of heat through the skin and maintains the core temperature. But, alcohol reverses this effect by making you flush red.This flush makes you feel warm for a few minutes, but you are really losing heat through the skin to the cold air. You could lose enough heat to begin hypothermia and not even realize it. As your skin feels warmer, the core body temperature is becoming colder and colder.【听力文摘】永别了，芝加哥Bye-bye Chicago?Although it is devastating to find out that Chicago is sinking, we’re only talking one millimeter a year. That’s four inches i n a century, but only until the land in North America brings itself back into equilibrium.When glaciers covered Canada and the northern Great Lakes tens of thousands of years ago, their weight pushed down on the Earth’s surface and caused it to sag. And t his pressure forced the Earth’s mantle, the layer of hot, plastic rock that’s located beneath the Earth’s crust, to give way and ooze out and sideways. It’s like the Earth is a giant waterbed. When you lie down on it, the surface of the mattress under you sinks, forcing the water into other parts of the mattress.In the twelve thousand years since the glaciers receded, the Earth’s crust has been slowly returning to its original shape. So the land in Canada and the northern Great Lakes is slowly rising, while the rest of North America is slowly sinking, like a seesaw, enabling the mantle toflow back north. And as the Lake Michigan floor north of Green Bay rises, all that water sloshes south towards Chicago.【听力文摘】真菌是植物，还是动物？What are fungi, plants or animals?Well, mushrooms are merely one of many types of fungi. Not all fungi grow in soil. However, mushrooms and other fungi do resemble plants in many ways, so much so that scientists long classified fungi plants, but they know better now.Eating HabitsWhere it truly counts, fungi differ from plants significantly. One major difference lies in how they eat. Plants are characterized by their ability to make their own food, using chlorophyll, sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide.Fungi cannot make their own food. They have to consume other living or once living organisms. Fungi aren’t animals either, but for what it’s worth, some scientists consider them more akin to animals than plants. It’s even thought that fung i and animals may share a similarsingle-celled ancestor.A major defining difference between the two kingdoms, however, is that while fungi do indeed have to consume other material, they don’t have stomachs like animals. Fungi have special cells that allow them to absorb their food.【听力文摘】大孩子，小孩子Remember seesaws? Those things were great. But there was often a problem.Suppose there’s a big kid on one side and a smaller kid on the other side. The seesaw just stays in one position: big kid on the ground, smaller kid up in the air. No fun. After a few different tries, you probably realized that moving the big kid in toward the center made it possible to rock alittle. Move the big kid even more and you can achieve balance. Now the seesaw works.What’s going on here? The answer is in the “center of mass.” The center of mass is a point somewhere along the plank that holds the two kids where their average weight falls. If you can get the center of mass to be over the pivot point, the seesaw will be balanced.There’s a simple way to figure ou t where the center of mass is. If the big kid is two times as heavy as the little kid, then their mutual center of mass will be two times closer to the big kid than to the little kid. Three times heavier and the center of mass will be three times closer. And so on.So the reason the heavy kid sits on the ground while the light kid is up in the air is that their mutual center of mass is on the heavy kid’s side of the pivot. To make the seesaw work, the heavy kid must push that center of mass forward until it just touches the pivot. Then their average weight pushes right on the middle, letting the ends rock up and down.【听力文摘】严禁模仿！Don’t Try This at Home!Here’s a hypothetical scenario that is to remain hypothetical. In other words, don’t do this.Okay. You’r e cruising along a desert highway in your souped-up roadster, leaving the roadrunners in the dust. Unfortunately, you are not paying attention to the signs and zoom off the edge of an enormous mesa. Now here comes the physics.When you left the edge of the mesa you were moving forward at sixty miles an hour. It seems pretty clear your car will continue moving out for a considerable distance before falling.But wait a minute, is that right?The answer is NO. You begin falling the instant your car leaves the mesa, no matter how fast it’s traveling. If you got this one wrong, don’t worry: almost everybody does. For some reason the out-and-then-down scenario seems more sensible to us. But let’s look at it again.Gravity is always pulling your car downward, even when it’s sitting still on the road. Send the car over a cliff and gravity doesn’t need any time to start acting. It’s already pulling, just as it was before you left the road. But in this case, the car also has a forward velocity.That velocity will indeed send it flying outward —but not at the expense of falling downward. The result is that your free-falling car will make a graceful arc in the air, moving both downward and outward at the same time.By the way, you had a parachute and dove out just in time. Close one.。
听力文献——精选推荐
听⼒⽂献1、I'd like to play tennis on Sunday. How does that sound to you?Sounds great! What time?2、Happy birthday, dear Norma. Happy birthday to you!Now, Norma, make a wish!3、This dress looks my size. May I try it on?Certainly. There's a dressing room over there.4、I forgot to bring my sleeping bag and flashlight. Now what?Do you have a can opener for the canned meat?5、These filing cabinets are an absolute mess.Say no more. I'll have someone take care of them.6、I don't think I'll ever get the knack of operating this machine.You can do it! It just takes time.7、Hi, Jerry. You been keeping out of trouble?Oh, yeah. How about yourself?8、Good evening, ma'am. What would you like to drink?I think I'll have a martini, please.9、Is Alice still mad at you?Yeah. I've apologized twice. What more can I do?10、Well, that's that! This video tape is broken and we don't have a spare tape.I guess we can't record the program then11、I know what! We can lease a computer instead of buying one.That's the ticket! Why didn't I think of doing that?12、How about another glass of beer, Cindy?Oh, no. That's enough for now. Tomorrow's a workday for me.13、Nice place you have here, Martin. I especially like this sofa. Thanks, Lousie. We're pleased with it, too.14、I'm going to try to persuade Linda to come skiing with us.Lots of luck! She's really busy now and she hates to fall behind schedule.15、I'm too tired to play another game.Okay. Let's call it a day.16、You own a BMW? I can't believe it!I kid you not. I just bought it last week.17、I'll be glad to drive you out to Narita when you go to L.A.Oh, Joe, I couldn't ask you to do that.18、How are you and your wife getting along?Tremendously well. I couldn't ask for more.19、Have you noticed that Mr. Wilson got a haircut?I can't say that I have. After all, he's almost completely bald.20、Heads up!Thanks, Bob. I didn't even see that car coming.21、We simply have to explain the situation and apologize to our clients. I'll do half and you do half.22、Johnny, I told you to turn off the TV and do your homework.Don't make me tell you again.Okay, Mom, right after this program.23、ABC Corporation could you hold, please?Sure.24、Tom, I've got to run now. I've got an appointment downtown.Can I give you a ride?25、Will you be able to repair this fax machine?No can do. You'll have to replace it with a new one.26、David, can you find the 1993 sales report for me?Can do.27、The boss scolded me for being late this morning.You asked for it! Today's the third day in a row.28、What's on your mind?29、Are you ready to order, sir?I'd like some kind of fish, . What would you reglement recommend?30、If we don't get a wage increase this year, we are we're going to strike. You You'd better believe it, ! We all agree with that.31、I'm planning to catch the 9: 15 train on Sunday.Speak up! . I can hardly hear you.32、We'd better go gorouce with grocery shopping , pretty soon.Sularine Sooner than you think. We just wet ran out looking bringhead of milk and bread.33、Tracy works the for Federal Electronics and your catting in theaccounting office.Not any more anymore. She found a new job with a tall manufacture toymanufacturer.34、Thanks for getting giving me a ride.No sweat, . It was ride right on the my way home.35、Alan, I'm sorry to be late for your party.Am I glad to see you! I was worried that you might have gotten lost.36、Nice going, Nancy. ! You get did a great job of organizing the sales camping campaign.Thanks. But I couldn't have done it down without ture your help.37、I lost my wallet what while I was in the store.My godless is goodness gracious. ! How many much money within wasin it. ?38、I really think you and Nancy should get married.Pete, mind you wrong your own business. !39、Do Did you see say something?No, Joe. I'm just thinking out of loud.40、Does it inconvenience see you a few course poll off if we postponeour meeting? It doesn't matter to me. Any time Anytime is fire fine.41、。
听力文摘
1.【听力文摘】了解杏仁核Past studies have suggested the amygdala is important in emotional responses. V olunteers who are shown frightening pictures, for example, have a sudden increase of blood flow to their amygdalas.Another study has complicated this picture–by adding smells. V olunteers in this study, which was conducted by Adam Anderson at Stanford University, first climbed into an MRI. That’s a machine that lets us see the brain in action by lighting up the parts that are most active.Then the subjects sniffed. First they sniffed fruity odors. Then they sniffed nasty, rotten odors. The results? Low intensities of either nasty or nice odors didn’t cause any response. But once the intensity of the odors passed a certain threshold–bang, the amygdala lit up, showing that this information was being processed there. One possible explanation is that the amygdala isn’t just a processor for visual information, but for anything that requires an emotional tag–and that tag, apparently, can be either positive or negative.Think o f it this way. Not only does that old garbage can stink, I don’t like to be near it. The first is an objective assessment of the world, while the second is a feeling. Why have a feeling about smells? Probably because it helps you behave correctly. Not only are you drawn to yummy ripe fruit, but you don’t try to get a midnight snack out of the trash. amygdalas:杏仁核(脑底重要部位)sniff:嗅，纹odor:气味tag:标签objective:客观的snack:小吃，点心2.【听力文摘】音乐训练与背单词Even if you haven’t touched a piano in years, if you suffered thro ugh music lessons as a kid you may have benefited from those lessons in ways you wouldn’t expect. When you train on a musical instrument your brain is stimulated and changes and develops as a result. Because the parts of the brain are interconnected this s timulation doesn’t affect musical ability only.Psychologists have discovered that the stimulation musical training enacts on the left temporal region of your brain enhances verbal memory. People with musical training are significantly better at recalling w ords from a list as well as bettterlearning new words. What’s more, the longer the duration of musical training, the better the verbal memory.So while children who study music for two years demonstrate better verbal memory than children who have not studied music, children who continue to study music continue to improve their verbal memory. The good news for those of us who trained on musical instruments but quit at some point is that we don’t seem to lose the verbal benefits we gain from this training.Scie ntists are particularly interested in what this suggests about the interconnectedness of the brain and thus the predictability of the effects of stimulation to a brain area on cognitive functions located in that area. Further research may lead to developments in cognitive rehabilitation for people with brain injuries. For example, in order to rebuild verbal memory in patients with injury to that part of the brain, doctors may prescribe music lessons.enact:指定，通过，predictability:可预言rehabilitation:康复prescribe:开（处方）3.【听力文摘】有点懒惰的英国人Would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook from scratch? Have you been doing internet shopping rather than going to the stores? What can’t you be bothered to do? A study into how lazy British people are has found more than half of adults are so idle they'd catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs. Just over 2000 people were quizzed by independent researchers at Nuffield Health, Britain's largest health charity. The results were startling. About one in six people surveyed said if their remote control was broken, they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up.More than one third of those questioned said they would not run to catch a bus. Worryingly, of the 654 respondents with children, 64% said they were often too tired to play with them. This led the report to conclude that it’s no wonder that one in six children in the UK are classified as obese before they start school. Dr Sarah Dauncey, medical director of Nuffield Health, said: "People need to get fitter, not just for their own sake, but for the sake of their families, friends and evidently their pets too. "If we don't start to take control of this problem, a whole generation will become too unfit to perform even the most rudime ntary of tasks.” And Scotland’s largest city, Glasgow, was shamed as the most indolent city in the UK, with 75% surveyed admitting they do not get enough exercise, followed closely by Birmingham and Southampton, both with 67%. The results pose serious challenges for the National Health Service, where obesity-related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on a steady increase for the past 40 years and are costing billions of pounds every year.ready meal:快餐，即食餐from scratch:从头开始can’t … be bothered:懒得搭理quizzed:被询问startling:令人吃惊的remote control:遥控器respondents:回答者obese:肥胖rudimentary:最基本的shamed:被批评indolent:懒洋洋的pose … challenges:对…提出挑战4.【听力文摘】吸毒对大脑的影响When you experience something new, do you know what happens to your brain?Some of the neurons in my brain build new connections. My brain is rewired, as scientists often put it. Our brains are always changing, in response to new experiences or as a result of learning new information. That’s how we’re able to learn and remember new experiences and information. Y ou got it, but do you know what happens to your brain when you experience new things after you've done drugs.The same thing, right? Or no.The answer is no.Evidence indicates that prior use of some drugs impairs the brai n’s ability to forge new connections between neurons in response to new experiences. Scientists took a bunch of rats and gave some of them either amphetamine or cocaine for twenty days, while giving the others a saline solution for twenty days.When the twenty days were up, half of the rats were moved from ordinary laboratory cages to fancy new cages equipped with all kinds of bridges, ramps, tunnels, and other toys. After three and half months the scientists examined all of the ratsbrains.They discovered that the saline solution rats that were moved to the new cages had a greater number of neuronal connections than all the other rats, including the drugged rats in the new cages. These findings may aid in explaining some of the behavioral and cognitive impairments viewed in people who are addicted to drugs.prior use:先前使用amphetamine：安非他明cocaine:可卡因neuron:神经元，神经细胞impairment:损害5.【听力文摘】记不住人的名字Y ael: Hey Don, see that guy over there? I'm always forgetting his name!Don: Oh, you mean Matt?Y: Y eah, that's it! Y ou know, it's really easy for me to remember some names, but others take a lot of work.D: Don't feel bad. It might be because Matt's face doesn't go with his name.Y: What? How can Matt's face not go with his name? They're both his!D: Well, psychologists at Miami University of Ohio conducted experiments showing a correlation between specific facial features and names. In one experiment, the researchers randomly presented participants with a name like Bob, Joe, or Dan, and then asked them to use computer software to draw a picture of someone likely to have this name.Y: And?D: The pictures had some striking similarities that depended on the name. For instance, the name "Bob" led most people to draw someone with a rounder face, while the name "Tim" triggered more sketches with longer, thinner features. The study only used common men's names, though, so it's too early to tell how these findings might apply to women's names, or unusual ones.Y: Well, that's kind of interesting, but what does it have to do with remembering?D: In another experiment, the participants were shown a series of photos labeled with a name. They were able to learn--and retain--a name much more quickly when the names "fit" their expectations of what a "Bob" or a "Tim" should look like.Y: So, it's easier to remember someone's name if it's a good match to their face?D: Exactly. Some names just fit better.Y: So, how come you remembered Matt's name?D: Oh him. He's my brother.correlation:相互的关系randomly:随即地sketch:素描label:标记6.【听力文摘】哪种烟最有害We all know that smoking cigarettes is bad. But what about smoking a pipe or cigars? Since you don’t inhale, is it better for your health? Or at least less bad?Good question.So first, it’s true that cigarettes are in a league of their own when it comes to ruining your health.And it’s also true that pipes and cigars have an aura of sophistication and, perhaps, harmless merriment. But the fact is that in their own way, pipes and cigars are plenty bad for you.Right,like cigarettes, smoking a pipe or cigar is linked to all sorts of cancers. Cancer of the lung,lip, tongue, mouth, and throat, to name a few.One study found that people who smoke pipes or cigars are more likely than non smokers to have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. People with the disease have trouble breathing.Finally, if you’re not already convinced, pipes and cigars can be just as addictive as cigarettes. After all, you’re still smoking tobacco laced with nicotine. And even if you don’t inhale deeply, the nicotine still seeps into your bloodstream through the lining of the mouth.So bottom line, smoking tobacco is bad for you–period. Just because pipes and cigars may seem urbane, there’s nothing harmless about them.pipe:烟斗，烟袋inhale:吸入aura:气味，氛围sophistication:混合to name a few:举几个例子来说chronic:慢性的pulmonary:与肺有关的nicotine:尼古丁tobacco:烟草urbane:都市化的，温文尔雅的7.【听力文摘】蚂蚁不怕水Ant species that burrow have different flood survival strategies. I mean nest design alone can go a long way. Some species make sure to build their nests in sandy or well-drained soil that absorbs moisture and dries quickly. And others build mounds with waterproof roofs.Pretty clever!Oh that's nothing. One tropical species of ants has an alarm and evacuation plan for flooding. At the first sign of rain, minor worker ants start racing through the nest’s tunnels, mobilizing the entire nest in less than thirty seconds.Odor trails then direct everyone down unobstructed tunnels to dry areas in the nest or–if necessary–to those exits that aren’t blocked by water.Now that's pretty amazing!Some species have flood plans that even top that. A species of fire ants in the southwest leave their nests and form a large mass around the queen and her brood, basically acting like a living raft that floats until the waters recede, or it gets anchored on grass or bushes.Even though some die, enough survive–usually including the queen–so that once the waters go down, they can return to the nest or build a new one and go back to business as usual.nest:巢，窝absorb:吸收moisture:水分，湿气evacuation:撤离brood:一窝raft:竹筏8.【听力文摘】活的长寿些Science is giving us longer lifespans all the time. Researchers these days are even starting to understand how the body sends signals to itself, determining how it ages.Now that sounds like science fiction.It's true.A study conducted by James Carey and his colleagues at the University of California, forexample, found the link between how long a mouse lives and its ovaries.Its ovaries? What do they have to do with aging?The researchers removed the ovaries of one set of mice when they were a few weeks old. Those mice didn’t live as long as mice who still had their ovaries. Another group of mice had their ovaries removed but got young ones later.The mice with the young ovaries implanted into them lived forty percent longer than the ones who kept their original ovaries, and sixty percent longer than the ones with no ovaries at all!Sixty percent longer??Some chemical message being sent from the ovaries to the rest of the body, telling it what stage of life it is in. By renewing their ovaries, the scientists were essentially able to set the clock back.So who wants life to live longer?Mice are just a test. If we could understand how the body tells itself to age, maybe we could make other species live longer-like people.lifespan:寿命ovary:卵巢renew:（使)更新set the clock back:使时间倒回9.【听力文摘】怎样让孩子更喜欢吃蔬菜D:Hey,Y eal.Do you ever have trouble getting your kids to eat their vegetables? Unfortunately,Y:Luckily,my kids like most foods.But I know a lot of youngsters who simply refuse to eat their veggies.D:Maybe their parents should try calling the veggies something more exciting,like "X-Ray Vision Carrots".Y:Oh,I can't believe that would work.D:Then you might be surprised to hear that researchers at Cornell University study that very thing. They presented 186 four-year olds with the same old veggies, but called them cool names like “Tomato Bursts” and “X-Ray V ision Carrots.”The preschoolers ate nearly twice as much of their vegetables as they did on days when veggies were simply called “tomatoes” or “carrots”. Not only that, but in the days following the experiment, the kids continued to eat fifty-percent more of the veggies, even though the fun names were no longer being used.Y:Impressive!D:Food names can influence grown-ups as well. In a similar study, adults dining at a nice restaurant were offered a complimentary glass of the same wine with their dinner.Half of the diners were told the wine was from a vineyard in North Dakota, while the other half were told the wine was from California. Not only did the diners who thought they were drinking California wine give higher ratings to the wine, but they ate more of their meal.And their overall reviews of the food and restaurant were significantly higher than those of the stomers who thought their wine was from North Dakota.Y:So,the same foods seemed tast better if we just expect them to.Amazing!I can't wait to try this at home.Cornell University:康奈尔大学complimentary:赠送的vineyard:葡萄园10.【听力文摘】乐观者与感冒Y ou’ve probably heard it said that one’s attitude affects one’s health.Over three-hundred subjects were assessed in terms of their emotions for a two- week period. They were assessed for positive emotions they might be feeling, such as vigor, well-being, and calmness, as well as for negative emotions such as depression, anxiety, and hostility. Then they were each given a squirt in the nose of the virus that causes common colds. The interesting thing is that emotional states had no effect on whether or not subjects were technically infected with the virus, which is measured by evidence of replication of the virus in the subject’s body.Emotional states did, however, affect the symptoms the virus manifested. People with more positive emotional states were less likely to suffer or complain about symptoms of the cold than people with negative emotional states. In addition, the relative health practices of positive vs. negative people did not account for this result. So there really does seem to be a link between emotional state and illness.vigor:活力calmness:镇静squirt:喷射manifest:显露。
英语听力文摘：我们生活中隐匿的毒品
Drugs in Our MidstJust as the police bang down the door, the bad guys flush the incriminating drugs down the toilet. Surely, a scenario we’ve all seen on TV and in the movies. But, you might be surprised to find out how many drugs innocently wind up in our lakes and rivers every day.Dirty WaterHousehold drugs like painkillers, antibiotics and hormones enter the water system through many channels. For example, some animal feeds contain antibiotics and flood into rivers with run-off water. Antibiotics are regularly flushed or dumped down sinks and toilets. Since many sewage treatment plants don’t effectively remove drugs or hormones, these compounds enter our waterways and wind up in our tap water.Antibiotic ResistanceAre flushed drugs a health concern? Once in a river, antibiotics might affect wildlife by killing off the normal microbes that are naturally found in the water and soil and that form the basis of the local ecosystem. Or, perhaps more dangerously, the microbes may learn to adapt and reproduce in the presence of antibiotics, developing antibiotic resistance.At present, common household drugs are found in many lakes and rivers in relatively small concentrations, but we can do something to help. We can avoid throwing drugs down the drain and, instead, take them to a hospital, pharmacy or hazardous waste center for safe disposal.。
英语听力文摘《微笑》
英语听力文摘《微笑》英语听力文摘《微笑》微笑是一种礼仪，也是生活的一种状态。
无论何时，都不要忘记微笑。
下面分享大家一篇英语听力文摘。
I was sure that I was to be killed. I became terribly nervous. I fumbled in my pockets to see if there were any cigarettes, which had escaped their search. I found one and because of my shaking hands, I could barely',event)">barely get it to my lips. But I had no matches, they had taken those. I looked through the bars at my jailer. He did not make eye contact with me. I called out to him, "Have you got a light?" He looked at me, shrugged and came over to light my cigarette. As he came close and lit the match, his eyes inadvertently locked with mine. At that moment, I smiled. I don't know why I did that. Perhaps it was nervousness, perhaps it was because, when you get very close, one to another, it is very hard not to smile. In any case, I smiled. In that instant, it was as though a sparkjumped across the gap between our two hearts, our two human souls. I know he didn't want to, but my smile leaped through the bars and generated a smile on his lips, too. He lit my cigarette but stayed near, looking at me directly in the eyes and continuing to smile.一想到自己明天就没命了，我不禁陷入极端的惶恐。
【听力文摘】大脑为何有那么多沟壑？
【导语】以下是⽆忧考整理的【听⼒⽂摘】⼤脑为何有那么多沟壑?欢迎阅读学习！【听⼒⽂摘】⼤脑为何有那么多沟壑？Why The Brain Has So Many Folds"Dear A Moment of Science, I know the human brain is an incredible thing, the most complex object in the known universe. But, honestly, it’s not much to look at. Just a big, gray, foldy lump. And what’s with all those folds? Why does the brain look a lot like a scrunched up piece of paper?"Our brains, and the brains of some other animals, have a lot more in common with a balled up piece of paper than you might think.First, though, it’s worth mentioning that not all brains look the same. Some animals, including rats and mice, have smooth brains. No folds or wrinkles. Humans and other animals, such as pigs, have brains with many folds.Scientists at the University of Rio de Janeiro have been trying to figure out what accounts for the folds. One idea postulated that as brains evolve and the more neurons they have, the more folds are required to allow neurons to form connections. But elephants have nearly twice as many folds in their brains yet have fewer neurons than we do, so that theory seems improbable.The researchers have, however, determined that how human brains fold follows the same physical principles guiding folds and creases resulting from crumpling a sheet of paper. That’s interesting because it enabled the scientists to reason that the two main factors determining a brain’s shape are the surface area and thickness of the outer layer cortex. The larger the cortex surface area, the more folds a brain will have. But greater thickness results in fewer folds.Same goes for a piece of paper.ps: ⼀项新的研究显⽰，我们的⼤脑之所以布满褶皱并具有核桃似的形状，是因为⼤脑⽪层即灰质的快速⽣长受到了⽩质的限制。
英语听力文摘「一杯牛奶」
英语听力文摘「一杯牛奶」英语听力文摘「一杯牛奶」关于一杯牛奶的故事很多人都听说过，但是善良的故事永不会让人感到疲倦。
下面跟着这篇英语听力再次走进一杯牛奶的故事吧。
One day, a poor boy who was trying to pay his way through school by selling goods from door to door found that he had only one dime left. He was hungry so he decided to beg for a meal at the next house.However, he lost his nerve when a lovely young woman opened the door. Instead of a meal he asked for a drink of water. She thought he looked hungry so she brought him a large glass of milk. He drank it slowly, and then asked, "How much do I owe you?"You don't owe me anything, she replied. "Mother has taught me never to accept pay for a kindness." He said, "Then I thank you from the bottom of my heart." As Howard Kelly left that house, he not only felt stronger physically, but it also increased his faith in God and the human race. He was about to give up and quit before this point.Years later the young woman became critically ill. The local doctors were baffled. They finally sent her to the big city, where specialists can be called in to study her rare disease. Dr. Howard Kelly, now famous was called in for the consultation- When he heard the name of the town she came from, a strange light filled his eyes. Immediately, he rose and went down through the hospital hall into her room.Dressed in his doctor's gown he went in to see her. He recognized her at once. He went back to theconsultation room and determined to do his best to save her life. From that day on,he gave special attention to her case.After a long struggle, the battle was won. Dr. Kelly requested the business office to pass the final bill to him for approval. He looked at it and then wrote something on the side. The bill was sent to her room. She was afraid to open it because she was positive that it would take the rest of her life to pay it off. Finally she looked, and the note on the side of the bill caught her attention. She read these words..."Paid in full with a glass of milk."(Signed) Dr. Howard KellyTears of joy flooded her eyes as she prayed silently:"Thank you, God. Your love has spread through human hearts and hands."一天，一个贫穷的小男孩为了攒够学费正挨家挨户地推销商品。
听力文摘《女性经济》
听力文摘《女性经济》听力文摘《女性经济》在现代，已经越来越多的人意识到了女性对于经济的左右能力。
越来越多人注重女性的消费。
The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth and changed U.S. society in many ways. Many in-home jobs that used to be done primarily by women — ranging from family shopping to preparing meals to doing voluntary work —still need to be done by someone.大量妇女涌入职场促进了经济的发展，而且从很多方面改变了美国社会。
很多以前大部分由妇女完成的家务活——从家庭采购、准备三餐到义务工作——现在仍然需要有人来完成。
Husbands and children now do some of these jobs, a situation that has changed the target market for many products. Or a working woman may face a crushing "poverty of time" and look for help elsewhere, creating opportunities for producers of frozen meals, child care centers, dry cleaners, financial services, and the like.于是现在丈夫和孩子开始做其中的一些工作，这个状况已经改变了很多产品的目标市场。
或者说一个职业女性可能面临严重的时间匮乏，并从其他地方寻找帮助，从而给速冻食品制造商、托儿所、干洗店、金融服务以及类似机构创造了机会。
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医学界认定胎儿在孕期十六周即有完好的触觉和味觉。
十八周的的胎儿对光已经会产生反应。
二十周的胎儿则发展出听觉，此时的胎儿并有做梦、记忆和思考的能力。
就是说，除去了生理上的发展成长外，胎儿的心灵和灵性在生产前已经开始酝酿和培养了。
在胎儿二十至二十二周开如胎教已经可行了。
4个月的胎儿就有了听觉。
6个月时胎儿的听力几乎和成人相等。
外界的声音都可以传到子宫里。
但胎儿对500-1500赫兹的声音感觉比较舒服，喜欢听节奏平缓、流畅、柔和的音乐，讨厌强快节奏的“迪斯科”，更害怕各种能致命的噪音。
8个月的胎儿能够区别声音的种类，听出音调的高低、强弱，能分辨出是爸爸还是妈妈在讲话。
Did you ever do this when you were young: Dive to the bottom of a swimming pool with a friend, then have your friend yell a phrase into the water?You listen to the phrase all low and garbled, then try to guess what it was. This low, muffled, underwater noise is how the world would sound if you were inside a womb.Researchers have placed tiny microphones inside a pregnant woman’s uterus. They found that outside noises became much lower and muffled, and about thirty decibels quieter. Do these noises just wash around the fetus like so much amniotic fluid, or can the fetus actually hear them?Actually, after twenty eight weeks a fetus begins to hear the internal sounds of its mother’s body–the rush of blood and the rumble of the digestive system. By the third trimester, the fetus can respond to external noises too. As many expectant mothers know, a sudden car horn can start a fetus kicking.Not only can fetuses hear outside noises, they sometimes remember what they’ve heard. One study found that infants who repeatedly heard a soap opera theme song in the womb reacted positively when they heard that same music after birth.Perhaps this ability to remember helps a newborn recognize its mother’s voice. A fetus can’t hear specific w ords or intonation–these are too muffled. Instead, they remember the rhythm of their mothers’ voices. To check this out, researchers gave newborns a special nipple rigged to a tape recorder. By changing the way they sucked, these infants could modify the cadence of a prerecorded voice. Eighty percent of these newborns sucked in the way that produced a voice with their mother’s specific rhythm.译文：你年轻的时候有没有这样做过呢？与朋友一起潜入游泳池底部，然后让你的朋友在水中冲你喊一句话。
你听到模糊不清的句子，然后努力猜测那是什么。
这种沉闷的水下声音就如你在还在子宫时能听得到的声音。
研究人员在孕妇的子宫体内安置了一个微型麦克风，他们发现外界的声音变得更小更低沉，安静了大概30分贝。
这些声音只是像羊水那样环绕在子宫周围？还是胎儿能够听到它们？事实上，28周后胎儿开始听到母亲体内的声音-血液流淌声和消化系统的隆隆声。
到了妊娠晚期，胎儿也能对外界的声音有反应。
就如许多准妈妈知道的那样，突如其来的汽车喇叭声也能引起胎儿的踢动。
胎儿不仅能够听到外界的声音，他们有时也会记住他们所听到的。
一项研究发现，婴儿出生后，会对在子宫里反复听到的肥皂剧的主题曲做出积极的反应。
或许这种记忆能力帮助一个新生儿认出母亲的声音。
胎儿不能听到具体的词或者声调-这些都太低沉了。
相反地，他们记得住母亲声音的节奏。
为了验证这一点，研究人员给了新生儿一个特殊的与录音机相连的奶嘴。
通过变换他们吸允的方式，这些婴儿能够改变预先录制的语音节奏。
百分之八十的新生儿吸吮时的声音与母亲声音的特定节奏一致。
Gender-Jumping Toads美国研究人员说，常用除草剂阿特拉津会令雄蛙变性为雌蛙。
美国加利福尼亚大学伯克利分校研究人员把40只雄性非洲爪蛙放入阿特拉津浓度为10亿分之2.5的水中，发现90%雌性化，“10%变性成雌蛙，与未接触阿特拉津的雄蛙交配后产卵”。
阿特拉津又名莠去津。
先前研究显示，这种除草剂会干扰激素分泌，导致蛙体同时具备雄性和雌性特征，可能是野生蛙类等两栖动物数量下降的一大原因。
研究人员蒂龙·海斯说：“我们过去知道，(阿特拉津会导致)雄蛙减少、变得雌雄同体。
这项研究明确显示，(它会使)许多蛙变性。
”As you may have heard, frogs and toads have had a rough time over the past several years.Some populations have vanished entirely, while others suffer disease and gross deformities like extra or missing limbs. And now there’s more bad news for the spring-legged amphibians—male toads living near farms are likely to develop female sex organs and other female features, according to scientists at the University of Florida.What is it about farming that causes toads to gender jump? The Florida researchers aren’t certain, but one likely culprit is atrazine, a weed killer used widely by sugar cane farmers. Other farm-related chemicals could also play a role. In order to probe the possible causes of frog and toad deformities, the researchers collected specimens from various sites. Some of the toads lived near suburban development, some near farms. The male specimens collected near farms were most likely to showsigns of feminization.For example, of the male toads living near large farms, forty-percent had both testes and ovaries. Another twenty-percent of these toads had a developing Bidder’s organ—an organ that’s normally without function in male toads, but that can change into an ovary if the testes stop working. Some of the male toads were found with Bidder’s o rgans full of eggs. Part of the problem is that the feminized toads are most likely sterile. Without virile male toads, the females are left high and dry, and toad populations dwindle.译文：就如你听说的那样，青蛙和蟾蜍在过去的数年中都过得很艰难。
有些种群已经完全消失了，有些患上了疾病，有些严重畸形，如多长了或是失去了四肢。
现今佛罗里达大学科学家们的研究带来了更坏的消息，他们发现生活在农田周围的这些拥有弹簧腿的两栖雄性动物，极有可能演变生长出雌性性器官，并表现出其它雌性的特征。
是什么样的农田耕作让青蛙有如此的性别跳跃呢？佛罗里达大学的研究人员还不确定，但其中可能的罪魁祸首之一就是阿特拉津，一种被种植甘蔗的农民广泛使用的除草剂。
其它与农田有关的化学物质也有可能。
为了查明引起青蛙和蟾蜍畸形的原因，研究人员从多个地点搜集了样本。