五年级小学英语阅读理解详细讲解与练习

部编五年级小学英语阅读理解详细讲解与练习
一、阅读信息文中找。

小学阶段的阅读试题答案，基本都能在所给的阅读文中找到所需信息。

学生只需带着问题或关键词以寻读的方式，快速在文章中寻找所需信息，切记不可任凭自己的想象，随心所欲的回答。

如本班有位同学在做一道阅读填空：Tim and his friend in the sea.没有通过寻找关键词，在文章中寻找的方式，而是根据自己的猜测写出play.
二、寻找信息的顺序性。

一篇阅读文章之后的若干试题，通常依据自上而下的顺序出题。

（当然也有个别例外）第一道题所需信息通常在文中的首段，学生只需在文章的第一部分寻找，第二题的信息，则无需从文章的开始浏览，只要从第一个信息之后寻读即可，后面的题依次往下寻找。

最后一道题的信息，基本在文章的末段。

了解了寻找信息的顺序性，学生无需花费较多的时间一遍又一遍通读全文，增加信息量，干扰阅读理解，影响做题速度。

三、如何快速寻找所需信息
在那到一篇阅读试题时，大部分学生首先会不自觉地通读全文，甚至因思考文中的生词而花费较多的时间，然后再回到试题时，头脑中关于文章的信息已所剩无几。

正确的方法是，首先仔细阅读试题，圈出试题中的关键词。

如何识别关键词，需要老师在平时的阅读教学中指导、判断。

比如：am, is, are , do, did, can, to, of 等虚词通常不可能是关键词，而名词、动词、副词通常为关键词。

填空试题：We kites and butterflies in spring. 在看到这道题时，首先引导学生猜测并分析关键词，有同学找出kites， butterflies， spring三个关键词。

到底哪个能够更好地帮助我们快速找到所需信息呢？比较这三个单词，单词kites， butterflies之前是所缺信息，一般不可能是首选单词，这时可以快速浏览后面的试题，会发现第二题有单词summer，第三题有单词autumn，第四题有单词winter，这几个单词帮助我们确定spring是第一关键词，而且后面三道题的第一关键词依次是summer，autumn and winter.根据此信息，仔细阅读每段的首句，快速确定与spring有关的段落，其他段落不必阅读。

那么，学生会很快找到文章的第二段与spring有关。

然后再根据第二关键词kites， butterflies寻找所需信息，带着这两个关键词，在文章的第二段中，找出含有此单词的句子，并做下划线注释，We can fly kites, We can catch butterflies . 缩小寻找范围之后，再判断那个是所需单词，由于kites之前有 can fly 两个单词，到底哪一个才是正确的答案呢？这时我们可以判断那个单词离kites最近，最终确定单词fly 。

然后试读句子：We fly kites.省略单词can，不影响正确表达，仍然通顺。

对于阅读文中的问答题，方法基本相同。

首先找出问题中的关键词，然后带着关键词在文章中寻找答案。

试题Where are Tim and his friends?通常疑问词都是关键词，通过疑问词Where，知道所需信息是地点，同时根据另一关键词Tim, friends,能过快速在文中找到：Tim and his friends are at the beach. At the beach 是地点单词，即我们所需的信息。

四、判断正误。

对于阅读试题中的判断正误题，相对比较简单，但学生的出错率仍然较大，究其原因，学生不懂判断的方法，通常是读完试题之后，凭着自己对阅读文章的大致印象判断。

事实上判断试题与选择、填空的做题方法基本一致，仍需找出试题中的关键词，带着关键词，在文中寻找所需信息，然后仔细判断是否与文中信息一致，如一致则正确，，反之错误。

试
题：Mary is sick, Mother takes her to the doctor. 首先在试题中寻找关键词：Mary，sick, Mother，doctor.带着这些关键词，在文章中寻找。

由于这是阅读文章的第一个试题，所以我们将答案定位于文章的首段，文中：Mother says: “Mary, Let’s go to the doctor for a check.” “Doctor?” says Mary, “I’m not sick, Why do I need to see the doctor?”此题与文中not sick信息不一致，所以不正确。

最后一题：The doctor gives Mary a shot, It does not hurt at all.由于是最后一题，信息基本在文章的末断，我们只需将信息定位于文章的末断或上一试题信息之后，同样带着关键词shot寻找。

文中 Mary takes a shot, It does not hurt much.试题中：not hurt at all与 not hurt much不相符，所以错误。

阅读理解1：选择正确的答案，把编号写在前面的括号里
There are seven days in a week . They are Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday . Sunday is the first day of the week . In Sunday , I am playing cards with my friends . Monday is the second . We are walking to school . Tuesday is the third . I often do my homework . Wednesday is the fourth . We are flying kites in the park . Thursday is the fifth . We do my math . Friday is the sixth . We are working hard at school . Saturday is the seventh . We are having fun together .
( )1、There are days in a week .
A、six
B、 five
C、seven
( )2、What is the first day of a week ? .
A、Monday
B、Saturday
C、Sunday
( ) 3、What am I doing in Tuesday ? .
A、do my homework .
B、fly kites .
C、do my math .
( )4、The fifth day of a week is .
A、Friday
B、Thursday
C、Wednesday
( )5、In Saturday , we are .
A、doing my homework
B、flying kites
C、having fun together
阅读理解2：判断下列句子意思与短文是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示
My Family
I have a happy family. My father is a police officer. He is tall. He likes to play basketball and checkers. My mother is a teacher. She likes to watch TV and read books. I am a student. I am a boy. I like to play on the computer. I am shorter than my father and my mother. We like to eat noodles. We like to go for a walk after supper. We are a happy family.
( ) 26. My father is a police officer.
( ) 27. My father is short.
( ) 28.My father likes to play football and checkers.
( ) 29.My mother is a teacher.
( ) 30.My mother likes to watch TV and read books.
( )31.I am a student. I am a girl.
( )32.I like to play on the computer.
( ) 33.I am taller than my mother.
( ) 34.We like to eat soup.
( ) 35.We are a happy family.
阅读理解3：选择正确的答案，把编号写在前面的括号里。

It is a sunny day this Sunday. I usually go shopping with my mother on Sunday. Sometimes I climb mountains. That’s fun. But not this Sunday. Because the weather report says it’s going to rain next Sunday. I can’t climb mountains in the rain. I can’t go shopping either. So I want to read books at home.
( ) 1 What is the weather like this Sunday?
A .It is Sunday.
B .It is fine.
C .It is rainy.
( ) 2 What do you do on Sunday?
A .I climb hills.
B .I go hiking.
C .I read books.
( ) 3 Can you climb mountains this Sunday?
A .Yes, I can.
B .No, I can’t.
C .No, I’m not.
( ) 4 Do you go shopping on Sunday?
A .Yes, I am.
B .Yes, I do.
C .No, I’m not.
( ) 5 What do you want to do next Sunday?
A I want to read books.
B I want to watch TV.
C I want to go shopping.
阅读理解4：根据短文内容选择合适的答案，将编号填在括号里：
Last holiday, I took a big trip with my aunt. We went to Australia by plane. It was in August. We left Beijing on Aug 3rd. It was winter in Australia. But in Beijing, it was summer. I like there, because I like playing with snow. I went ice-skating there and took many pictures. I bought many presents for my friends, too. I was excited , but I was tired, too. I should relax to go back to school. ( )1. Whom did I go on a big trip with?
A. My parents.
B. My aunt.
( )2. When was my last trip?
A. It was in summer.
B. It was in winter.
( )3. What did I do in Australia?
A. I went ice-skating and bought presents.
B. I played football and ate good food.
( )4. How did I go there?
A. I went by subway.
B. I went by plane.
( )5. How did I feel in the end ?
A.I was excited, but so tired.
B.I was so bored.
阅读理解5：判断下列句子是否符合短文意思,如符合请打√,否则打×.
Today is February 3rd. The weather is windy and cold. I get many cards to day. They’re birthday cards. They’re from my friends. Can you guess why? I wear my new red coat and blue jeans. They’re very pretty. My mother take me to the zoo.I can see many animals. I’m very happy today. ( ) 1.My birthday is February 3rd.
( ) 2.I t’s windy and snowy today.
( ) 3.I can see many trees at the zoo.
( ) 4.I have a new coat. It’s blue.
( ) 5.I have many birthday cards.
阅读理解6：判断下列句子意思与短文意思是否相符，用“T”或“F”表示。

Zoom and Zip are good friends. They are planning a trip(旅游). Zip is going to sunny Australia(澳大利亚)! It’s so warm there. He can swim all day. He has a new bathing suit(游泳衣) and sunglasses(太阳镜). But Zoom doesn’t like swimm ing. He likes skating. So he is going to Canada, It’s winter there now. He can skate all day. He has winter coats(冬衣) and some new ice skates(滑
( )1.The season in Australia and Canada is the same.
( )2.Zoom and Zip are going to Canada.
( )3. Zoom likes swimming.
( )4.Zip has a new bathing suit and sunglasses.
( )5.Zoom can swim all day in Canada.
( )6.It’s warm in Australia.
( )7.Zoom can skate all day in Canada.
阅读理解7：判断短文后面的句子是否正确。

Amy: What day is it today?
Tom: It’s Monday. Hmm…I like Monday.
Amy: What do you have today?
Tom: We have math, science and art. What about you?
Amy: We have English and P.E. What do you have tomorrow?
Tom: We have art and P.E. tomorrow.
Amy: Oh, great.
( ) 1. Tom has math, science and art on Monday.
( ) 2. Tom has art and P.E. on Monday.
( ) 3. Amy has English and P.E. today.
( ) 4. Tomorrow is Tuesday.
( ) 5. Tom doesn’t like Mondays.
阅读理解8：根据短文内容，判断正误。

对的在括号内填“ T ”, 错的填“ F ”.
Jim is an English boy. He comes to China with his father and mother. They come here to work. Jim comes here to study. He is in No.5 Middle School. He gets up early every day. He isn’t late for school. He studies hard. He can read English well. He often helps us with our English, and we often help him with his Chinese. After class he likes playing football, swimming, running, jumping and riding. He makes many friends here. We are glad to stay with him. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house, mend something or do the shopping. He likes Chinese food very much.。

He likes living here. He likes Chinese students very much. We all like him, too.
( )1. He gets up late every day.
( )2. He often teaches us English.
( )3. After class , he likes singing and playing basketball.
( )4. On Sunday he often helps his mother clean the house.
( )5. He doesn’t like Chinese food.
阅读理解9：判断下列句子的正误，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”。

Liu Tao: Hi, Mike. Nice to see you.
Mike: Nice to see you, too. Liu Tao.
Liu Tao: What day is it today?
Mike: It’s Thursday. What lessons do you have in this morning?
Liu Tao: We have Maths, Chinese, Art, and Science.
Mike: Oh, I like PE very much. But we don’t have PE today.
Liu Tao: We have PE and Computer Studies this afternoon.
Mike: Great! Do you like PE?
Liu Tao: No, I don’t. I like English very much. Tomorrow we will have an English lesson in the
Mike: It’s time for class. Let’s go!
( )1. Liu Tao has PE in the afternoon.
( )2. Liu Tao has six lessons today.
( )3. Liu Tao doesn’t like English.
( )4. Liu Tao will have English lesson on Friday morning.
阅读理解10：阅读短文，回答问题。

Four Good FriendsMary, Nancy, Ron and Kate are good friends. Mary’s favorite number is 3 and her favorite country is France. 16 is Nancy’s number, and America is her favorite country. Ron likes Japan very much. 30 is his favorite number. Whose favorite number is 60? Oh, it is Kate. Kate’s father works in Chinese food very much and they also like Chinese people. Kate’s lucky number is 6. All of them hope that one day they can travel the world together.
1. What’s Mary’s favorite number?
_____________________________.
2. What’s Nancy’s favorite country?
_____________________________.
3. What’s Kate’s father’s job?
_________________________________.
4. Does Kate like Chinese food?
________________________________.
阅读理解11:阅读下面短文，根据问题回答问题。

Look!This is a picture of Mr.Brown't family. The man in a biack coat is Mr.Brown.The woman near him is Mrs.Brown,The little girl in a red coat is Sue. The tall boy behind her is Jim,her brother.The family is now in China.Tomorrow is Children's Day.MR brown wants to buy some presents for his children. Sue wants a new skirt,but Jim wants a new bike. How happy they are!
1.Whose picture is this? ____________________________________________.
2.Where's the family now? ____________________________________________.
3.Who is the little girl in a red coat? ____________________________________________.
4.What presents do Mr Brown's children want to buy? __________________________________.
二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子正确还是错误。

Look at that boy. His name is Liu Bing. He's a Chinese boy. He is in the kitchen. He likes apples. Su Yang is at home too. She is in the study. She likes drawing. Is Gao Shan at home? No, he is in the park. He is thirsty. He wants to drink some juice. Miss Li is in the office. She is reading.
（1）Liu Bing is in the kitchen .
（2）Liu Bing likes eating pears.
（3）Su Yang isn't in the study .
（4）Gao Shan is thirsty and he wants to drink.
（5）Miss Li is drawing .
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）
（4）1
（5）
【解析】【分析】短文大意：看那个男孩。

他的名字是刘冰。

他是一个中国男孩。

他在厨房里。

他喜欢吃苹果。

苏阳也在家。

她在书房里。

她喜欢画画。

高山也在家吗？不，他在公园里。

他渴了。

他想喝点果汁。

李小姐在办公室里。

她正在读书。

（1）刘冰在厨房里，正确。

（2）刘冰喜欢吃梨，错误。

（3）苏阳不在书房里，错误。

（4）高山渴了，想喝点东西，正确。

（5）李小姐正在画画，错误。

【点评】本题考查的是学生综合运用英语的能力，要多读多练。

需要学生有一定的语言积累。

3．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。

Health Tips
Fruit and vegetables are good for us. We should eat some fruit and vegetables every day.
Don't eat too much meat or chocolate. It's not good for us.
Don't drink too much coffee or cola. Drink some juice and water.
Get up early and do some exercise every day.
Don't watch too much TV or play computer games for too long. It's not good for our eyes.
Don't go to bed too late. Enough sleep is important for our health.
（1）Fruit and vegetables are healthy food.
（2）We can eat a lot of meat and chocolate.
（3）We can drink a lot of coffee.
（4）We should do some sports every day.
（5）We should do sports in the morning.
（6）We should not play computer or watch TV.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）0
（6）0
【解析】【分析】大意：有关健康提示。

（1）句意：水果和蔬菜是健康食品。

根据Fruit and vegetables are good for us.可知水果和蔬菜是健康食品，故答案为正确。

（2）句意：我们可以吃很多肉和巧克力。

根据Don't eat too much meat or chocolate. It's not good for us.可知我们不要吃太多的肉或巧克力，故答案为错误。

（3）句意：我们可以喝很多咖啡。

根据Don't drink too much coffee or cola.可知我们不要喝太多的咖啡，故答案为错误。

（4）句意：我们应该每天做一些运动。

根据 Get up early and do some exercise every day.可知我们应该每天做一些运动，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：我们应该在早上做运动。

根据 Get up early and do some exercise every day.可知早起，每天做一些运动，不一定在早晨做运动，故答案为错误。

（6）句意：我们不应该玩电脑或看电视。

根据Don't watch too much TV or play computer games for too long. It's not good for our eyes.可知不要看太多电视或玩电脑游戏太久，故答案为错误。

【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。

4．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。

Nancy goes out after lunch. She comes in a shop. A salesman says to her, "Can I help you?"
"Yes, please." says Nancy, "I want a hat."
The salesman shows some hats to her. She feels warm in the shop and puts her hat on the counter (柜台). She thinks some of them are expensive. And she doesn't like the others' colours. She chooses and chooses. At last she sees a red hat and says, "Well, I'll take this one."
"But, it's yours!" says the salesman.
（1）Nancy comes into a hotel.
（2）Nancy puts her hat on the counter.
（3）She thinks some hats are expensive.
（4）The red hat is Nancy's.
（5）Nancy buys a hat.
【答案】（1）0
（2）1
（3）1
（4）1
（5）0
【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章主要讲述了南希午饭后外出去商店买东西发生的一些事情。

（1）根据She comes in a shop.知南希来到一个商店，故答案为错误。

（2）根据She feels warm in the shop and puts her hat on the counter (柜台).知南希把她的帽子放在了柜台上，故答案为正确。

（3）根据She thinks some of them are expensive.知南希认为一些帽子太贵了，故答案为正确。

（4）根据 "But, it's yours!" says the salesman.知红色帽子是南希自己的，故答案为正确。

（5）根据文章综合大意知南希没有喜欢的帽子，最后要买的帽子是自己的，故答案为错误。

【点评】考查阅读理解，浏览文章大意，理解问题意思，根据问题在原文找到原句判断，注意查找关键词。

5．阅读理解看图读一读，判断句子正误
（1）Sally wants to teach. She wants to be a teacher.
（2）Linda is not good at singing. She is good at dancing.
（3）Tom likes fast cars. He wants to be a racing car driver.
（4）The girl in picture 4 wants to be a designer in the future.
（5）Peter can't be a cooker. He can only be a cook.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）1
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】这是一篇描述孩子们未来理想工作的短文.
（1）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述I'm Sally. I want to be a teacher.I want to teach.（我是Sally.
我想成为一名教师. 我想教学. ）可知题目叙述正确. 故答案为: 正确.
（2）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述 I'm Linda. I'm good at singing. I want to be a singer. (我是Linda. 我擅长唱歌. 我想成为一名歌手.)可知题目叙述错误. 故答案为: 错误.
（3）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述I like fast cars. I want to be a racing car driver.(我喜欢跑车. 我想成为一名赛车手.)可知题目叙述正确. 故答案为: 正确.
（4）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述I want to be a designer. (我想要成为设计师.) 可知题目叙述正确. 故答案为: 正确.
（5）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述"Oh, no, Peter. You can't be a cooker. You can only be a cook."(不, Peter. 你成不了厨具. 你仅仅可以成为厨师.) 可知题目叙述正确. 故答案为: 正确.【点评】这是考查阅读能力的题目. 注意短文的细节叙述, 对应完成各句的判断有很大的帮助.
6．阅读理解读短文，根据短文内容完成导图
Hello, I'm Lily. I have a friend. Her name's Sally. She's eleven. Her birthday is on 10th July. She lives far from school. She goes to school by bus. Her favourite colour is red. She has a red hat. She can read and write. She is good at writing. She wants to be a teacher in the future. She wants to teach Chinese in a school.
⒈________
⒉________
⒊________
⒋________ ________
⒌________ ________
⒍________ ________
【答案】eleven；by bus；10th；red
；hat
；teacher
；teach
；read
；write
【解析】【分析】这是一篇介绍Sally情况的短文.
（1）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述She's eleven. (她11岁了.) 空格应填eleven"11岁". 故答案为: eleven.
（2）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述She goes to school by bus. (她乘公交车去学校.) 可知空格应填by bus"乘公交". 故答案为: by bus.
（3）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述Her birthday is on 10th July.(她的生日在7月10日.)可知空格应填10日"10th". 故答案为: 10th.
（4）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述 Her favourite colour is red. (她最喜欢的颜色是红色.)可知第一空填上红色"red", 根据句子She has a red hat. (她有一个红色的帽子.)可知这里填上帽子"hat". 故答案为: red; hat.
（5）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述She wants to be a teacher in the future. She wants to teach Chinese in a school.(将来她想成为一名教师. 她想在一所学校教书.)可知第一句填上教师"teacher", 第二空填上教"teach". 故答案为: teacher; teach.
（6）这是细节理解, 根据短文叙述She can read and write.(她会读书和写字.) 可知填上读书"read"和写字"write". 故答案为: read; write.
【点评】这是考查阅读能力的题目. 根据短文叙述完成各题目的问题即可.。