2019届山东省高三英语考前押题卷(4)英语

2019届高三英语考前押题卷四
一、阅读理解
1. Most of us know that physical activity leads to better health. That is nothing new. But the United States government has changed its guidance on how much exercise people need to stay healthy and when they should start. Experts say getting or attaining the health benefits from exercise may be easier than earlier thoughts.
For children and teens
Children as young as 3 years old need to be physically active. From birth to age 5, a child's brain develops more than at any other time in life. The development has a lasting effect on a child's ability to learn and to succeed in school and in life. Boys and girls in this age group need at least 3 hours of activity every day. That can be light activities, or moderate (适度的) activities. But it is not suggested to put your 5-year-old children on a "running machine" or other exercise facilities.
Children aged between 6 and 17 get at least an hour of moderate to vigorous activity a day. The activity should be aerobic (有氧的)exercise,such as biking,swimniing and running. Aerobic activity can strengthen the heart and lungs by making them work hard for several minutes or more. Exercise should also include muscle- and bone-strengthening activities, such as climbing trees, using playground equipment and playing sports. Experts suggest that children get this kind of exercise at least three times a week.
For adults
For adults, experts recommend 150 minutes per week of moderate to vigorous physical activity. That can be quick walking; that can be cutting the grass; that can be gardening; that can he dancing... any kind of activity that gets your heart rate up and gets you exercising moderately. They also think adults need at least two days of muscle-strengthening exercise like push-ups or lifting weights.
For adults over 65
For older adults, experts suggest 30 to 60 minutes per day of moderate physical activity including activities that help aid balance and flexibility. Better balance means fewer falls and less chance of injury.
1.According to the guidance, which group may spend the longest time in exercising?
A.Children aged 4.
B.Teenagers aged 15.
C.Adults aged 35.
D.Adults aged 70.
2.How many activities are suggested to adults in the text?
A.4.
B.5.
C.6.
D.7.
3.What is the purpose of the text?
A.To persuade people of all ages to exercise.
B.To inform people of the proper amount of exercise.
C.To advise people to take up aerobic exercise.
D.To stress the benefits of physical exercise
2. Video producer and musician Justin Scholar enjoyed his fantastic moment weeks ago when he spotted his latest work playing on a huge electronic screen at New York’s Times Square.
“It’s sort of the American dream to see your name up inlights,’’ says the 25-year-old New Jersey native. “I’d never really cared about my name being that big, but going to New York and seeing the big screens, you always wonder if your work is going to make it up there.
The video that helps Scholar fulfill his “ American dream" was shot and produced in China, where Scholar is living and working as a media company owner. Scholar took his first Chinese class in high school seven years ago and made his first trip to Shanghai in 2015 through a study-abroad program when he was a student in New York University. The film and TV major changed his focus from technical art to traditional arts during his study in Shanghai, spending most of the time learning ink-and-wash painting, calligraphy and the guzheng,a traditional Chinese musical instrument. He also fell in love with the city, where he ate a lot of authentic xiaolongbao, or steamed meat buns, and felt safe walking on the streets at 3 am.
Shanghai impresses Scholar as an efficient, modern city calling for greater business prosperity with foreign participation, so he returned two years later, when his career at home was already booming after making commercials for big names such as Coca-Cola and Jaguar.
Thanks to a combination of luck and talent, he achieved the goal soon with a Chinese friend as his business partner, and the company has already produced some 15 videos for pop icons, fashionistas, and art museums in merely six months. The video that plays at Times Square, a tourism promotionalfilm for southwest China’s Chongqing city, is the company’s first project contracted(签合同) by a local government in China.
1.What did Scholar study in Shanghai?
media.
B.Technical art.
C.Traditional arts.
D.The Chinese language.
2.What is the author s purpose in writing Paragraph 3 and 4?
A.To change to a new topic for writing.
B.To make a conclusion of the first 2 paragraphs.
C.To dive deeper into the previous topic.
D.To add the background information of the video.
3.What do we know about Scholars video?
A.It was shot at Times Square.
B.It showed attractions of Chongqing.
C.It was shot in the year 2015.
D.it showed his college life in Shanghai.
4.What’s the main idea of the text?
A.China opens up new routes to international tourists.
B.Shanghai attracts an increasing number of foreigners.
C.American dream unexpectedly comes true with the great video.
D.Young American brings Chinese tourist video to Times Square.
3. If you're anything like most working Americans, you probably make a beeline for the coffee machine as soon as you wake up in the morning. In fact, over 85 percent of Americans consume caffeine(咖啡因) regularly —and coffee is the preferred medium. As for the perfect time for your Joe? There's a " sweet spot" that could maximize your caffeine kick, and surprisingly enough, it’s not the first thing in the morning.
Although having your coffee right away may cause you to think quickly in the morning, that feeling quickly crashes just a few hours later. " Definitely limit coffee when you first wake up" , Laura Cipullo, registered dietitian and author of Womens Health Body Clock Diet, told CNBC.
To get the most benefit, experts recommend drinking your coffee in the mid-morning or early afternoon, instead. Getting caffeine about three to four hours after you get out of bed will do the trick, too. Why? At those times in the day, your body is low on cortisol(皮质醇)——the stress hormone that makes you think quickly — and desperately needs a good pick-me-up.
Of course, if you can’t function without your morning coffee, then by all means, continue drinking! Not everyone agrees with the mid-morning theory,anyway. Registered
dietitian-nutritionist Melanie Dellinges believes when you consume caffeine is not in the least important; it's how much caffeine you consume that matters the most. She recommends limiting your intake to two to four cups a day.
Regardless of when you decide to drink your coffee, try to avoid drinking coffee after 2 or 3 in the afternoon. Research shows that caffeine can disturb your sleep up to six hours after you consume it.
1.Which word can best replace the underlined "Joe" in paragraph 1?
A.routine
pany
C.breakfast
D.coffee
2.When does the author suggest drinking coffee?
te in the evening.
B.3 to 4 hours after getting up.
C.Early in the morning.
D.2 or 3 hours later after getting up.
3.What does Melanie Dellinges regard as the most important?
A.The amount of caffeine intake.
B.The time to consume caffeine.
C.The way one takes in caffeine.
D.The mid-morning theory on coffee.
4.What is the best title for this text?
A.How much coffee to drink
B.Why we ought to drink coffee
C.Don't drink coffee in the morning
D.The best time to drink coffee
4. Energy sources which are pollution free and environmentally friendly are one of the key challenges ofworld’s future society. A team of roboticists and biologists at IIT—Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia in Pontedera (Pisa, Italy), found that living plants can help with electricity. Fabian Meder, Barbara Mazzolai and iheir co-workers at IIT discovered that living plants are “ green ” power source,which may :become one of future’s electricity supplies that perfectly produces in natural environments and is accessible all over the world. Results are published on Advanced Functional Materials.
They discovered that plants can produce, by a single leaf, more than 150 volts each time the leaf is touched, enough to power 100 LED light bulbs. They also showed that an “hybrid tree” made of natural and artificial leaves can act as an “green” electrical producer transferring wind into electricity.
Certain leaf structures are able to transform mechanical(机械的) forces applied at the leaf surface into electrical energy, because of the specific composition that most plant leaves naturally provide. In detail, the leaf is able to gather electric charges on its surface due to a process called contact electrification. These charges are then immediately passed into the inner plant tissue. The plant tissue transports the electricity to other parts of the plant. And then, by simply connecting a “ plug” to the plant stem(茎), the electricity produced can he harvested and used to power electronic devices.
The researchers additionally describe for the first time how this effect can be used to transfer wind into electricity by plants. They equipped a Nerum oleander tree(夹竹桃) with artificial leaves that touch the natural Nerum oleander leaves. When wind blows into the plant and moves the leaves, the “hybrid tree” produces electricity. The electricity produced increases the more leaves are touched. Consequently, it can he easily up-scaled by exploiting the whole surface of I he leaves of a tree or even a forest.
1.What can we learn about the discovery of the Italian scientists?
A.A living leaf can produce electricity for 100 LED bulbs when touched.
B.Artificial plants now serve as an electricity supply in natural environments.
C.An artificial leaf can produce electricity for 100 LED bulbs when touched.
D.Natural trees can produce electricity by transferring wind in natural environments.
2.What does the underlined word in Para. 2 probably mean?
A.False.
B.Tall.
C.Mixed.
D.Decorated.
3. How does the plant provide electricity for use?
a. Electricity is gained from the stem.
b. Mechanical forces are put on the leaf.
c. Electric charges are gathered by the leaf.
d. Electrical energy is passed into the inner parts.
e. Mechanical forces are transformed into electric charges.
A.d-c-e-b-a
B.e-b-c-d-a
C.c-d-e-b-a
D.b-e-c-d-a
4.What did the experiment of the Nerum oleaner tree show?
A.How leaves of trees can produce electricity.
B.How hybrid trees can transfer wind into electricity.
C.How electricity produced by leaves can be harvested.
D.How natural leaves can be combined with artificial ones.
5.October 30 It's the annual Downtown Santa Cruz Trick or
Treat! Pacific Avenue will be closed from Water to
Cathcarl so families can enjoy the Trick or Treat time
with Downtown businesses. See you all then!
From 2 :00 pm to 5 :00 pm.
Downtown Santa Cruz, Pacific Avenue from Water to Cathcart Street, Santa Cniz, CA
October 31 Come out and celebrate Halloween in Downtown
Boulder Creek! Trick or Treat with our local merchants
and attend the Halloween Party at the Boulder Creek Rec
Hall.
From 6 :00 pm to 8 :00 pm.
Downtown Boulder Creek, CA - 9 & Forest St. and 13333 Middleton Ave. , Boulder Creek,CA
November 2 Join us for a celebration of Dia de los Muertos at Annieglass! Enjoy a fun photo booth, the Make a Plate
Workshop with Annie and the traditional Folklorico
dance performance by teens from Watsonville. Register
on annieglass. com if you would like to participate in
the workshop. Workshop cost is $80.
This is a FREE event! Anyone is welcome to the party! You do not need to participate in the workshop
to attend.
From 12 :00 pm to 5 :00 pm.
Annieglass, 310 Harvest Drive, Watsonville, CA
November 3 The Santa Cruz Sea Glass & Ocean Art Festival
shows real sea glass and artist-made creations while
benefiting our local ocean environment. This year the
festival celebrates its 10th anniversary. The festival
features over 40 artists, a chance to win an amazing gift
4 times each day, easy parking and a full bar and food
is available for purchase.
From 10 :00 am to 5 :00 pm.
Cocoanut Grove, 400 Beach Street, Santa Cruz, CA
A.Pacific Avenue.
B.Downtown Boulder Creek.
C.310 Harvest Drive.
D.400 Beach Street.
2.What can people do at Annieglass?
A.Enjoy creative artworks.
B.Join in the Folklorico dance.
C.Watch a performance by teenagers.
D.Participate in the workshop for free.
3.When can you enjoy an anniversary celebration?
A.October 30.
B.October 31.
C.November 2.
D.November 3.
6.We were living on Fork Road in rural Neshoba county, Mississippi. I was skinny as a French green bean and with a mouth filled with bad grammar. I usually watched TV or played outside without other peers around until my mother got home from the factory where she ironed pants. The job had provided her with a social life independent from Daddy. She married him when she was 14 just to get away from her own abusive father.
Then came my big year in my small world: my alcoholic and depressed father died of a heart attack in front of me. In spite of the financial problem, my mother still sent me to school when I was 8. I clearly remembered it was a fall day. I returned home from school and shouted, “Mama, Mama, look! I learned to write like a grown-up today
She reached slowly for the white paper. She stared at the huge cursive(草书的) writing on it, and I assumed she was reading the simple words like “school” and “ horse ”. Suddenly,she pulled me to the couch and said, sniffing, "Honey, I don’t know how to read or write,hut I decide to learn." I stared at her in shock.
She took advantage of every chance to learn. She read words from billboards, and started picking up words from newspapers,magazines and so on. Gradually, her words accumulated. She couldn't understand most of the big words yet, but she started to know more of what was going on in the world past the Neshoba county line.
Years passed and my mothers literacy greatly improved. A new world was opening to her. In my eyes, my mother was the smartest person I knew, and I meant it. She had taught me nothing was impossible in front of a determined heart, and I cherished it as much as I loved every piece of her.
1.What was the autho r’s childhood life like?
A.Orderly.
B.Lonely.
C.Colorful.
D.Respectful.
2.What did the "big year” mean in the boy's eyes?
A.He could attend school.
B.His father quitted drinking alcohol.
C.His mother got supported financially.
D.He no longer got blame from his father.
3.What can we learn about the mothers experience?
A.She spent much time on social life.
B.Her life was dependent on her husband.
C.She made full use of all sources to learn words.
D.Her decision to learn was opposed by her son.
4.What can be the best title for the text?
A.No Pain, No Gain
B.Practice Makes Perfect
C.The Best Memory I Have
D.The Smartest Woman I Know
7. Dog owners swear that their furry best friend is in tune with their emotions. Now it seems this feeling of interspecies connection is real : dogs can smell your emotional state, and adopt your emotions as their own.
Science had already shown that dogs can see and hear the signs of human emotions, says Biagio D’Aniello of the University of Naples" Federico II" Italy. But nobody had studied whether dogs could pick up on olfactory (嗅觉的) evidence from humans. ‘‘The role of the olfactory system has been largely underestimated(低估), maybe because our own species is more focused on the visual system,,’ says D’Aniello. However, dogs' sense of smell is far superior to ours.
D'Aniello and his colleagues tested whether dogs could sniff out human emotions by smell alone. First, human volunteers watched videos designed to cause fear or happiness,or a neutral (中立的)response, and the team collected samples of their sweat. Next, the researchers presented these samples to domestic flogs, and monitored the dogs' behaviours and heart rates. Dogs exposed to fear smells showed more signs of stress than those exposed to happy or neutral smells. They also had higher heart rates, and sought more comfort from their owners and made less social contact with strangers.
We've always known that dogs collect information about their social partners through different sensory channels to decide how to respond to situations, says Marta Gacsi of Eotvos
Lorand University in Budapest. “However, it is not easy to examine such processes so that we can unfold the truth and separate the channels," explains Gacsi.
1.Why has the role of the olfactory system been underestimated?
A.Dogs’ sense of smell is far superior to ours.
B.Humans' sense of smell is far superior to dogs'.
C.Dogs are more focused on the visual system.
D.Humans are more focused on the visual system.
2.What did D'Aniello and his colleagues want to prove?
A.Dogs can pick up on olfactory evidence from humans.
B.Dogs can see and hear the signs of human emotions.
C.Dogs can sniff out human emotions by smell.
D.Dogs exposed to fear smells show more signs of stress.
3.What is the last step of their test?
A.Designing videos.
B.Collecting samples.
C.Presenting samples.
D.Observing reactions.
4.What can be a suitable title for the text?
A.Dogs Are Our Social Partners
B.Dogs Really Can Smell Our Fear
C.Dogs Are Emotionally Intelligent
D.Dogs Will React to Our Emotions
8.Many of us notice that we act differently when we've hungry. You might get more easily annoyed or find it more challenging to focus. A new study has found a surprising way that hunger influences us: It makes us less morally disapproving.
The study, led by Carmelo Vicario, explored how motivational states affect morality. Specifically, they were interested in how hunger might influence moral judgments. Earlier research has found, for example, that watching films of ethical violations caused participants to eat less after viewing the videos. Watching actions they disapproved of reduced their appetite.
The paper, called “The Effect of Hunger and Satiety(饱足) in the Judgment of Ethical Violations” questions whether the reverse is also true. Could a reduc ed appetite make people more disapproving of moral violations? They invited 53 participants to their study and divided them into two groups. Researchers found something interesting: Hungry participants were more forgiving. Another case from the study :
"A disease is killing millions of people across the world. Dr. Jones has developed two substances in his home laboratory. He knows that one of them is a vaccine(疫苗) and the other contains a deadly poison, but he is not sure which one. Dr. Jones has two patients with him under his care, and the only way to identify the vaccine is to inject each one with a different substance. If Dr. Jones injects the substances, one of his patients will die but he will save millions of lives with the vaccine. If he does not, the epidemic will continue spreading, and people will die. "
Participants were more forgiving of Dr. Jones and the other characters they read about if their appetite was greater. People who had recently eaten were more disapproving. As the
researchers put it, research suggests "bodily states might affect mental states". When we are in a motivational state of hunger, we become less morally disapproving. Morality, this research suggests, might be a luxury that only those who have their needs met can afford.
1.What do we know from the new study?
A.Morally disapproving makes us angry.
B.We tend to do wrong things when hungry.
C.Hunger is responsible for wrong decisions.
D.Being full enough is a good way to focus.
2.Why did Vicario's team conduct the research?
A.To compare with the study done before.
B.To test the effects of hunger on moral judgments.
C.To analyse the way how hunger is influenced.
D.To find the relationship between motivation and morality.
3.What was shown in the case in Paragraph 4?
A.The dilemma exists in it.
B.Two poisons are used.
C.Patients were injected vaccine.
D.Participants will die immorally.
4.According to the text, what should people do when they want to apologize?
A.Forgive themselves first.
B.Do it before breakfast.
C.Make their needs met.
D.Keep a good state of mind.
二、七选五
9.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空内处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Key to Success
When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in management consulting for a job that was even more demanding: teaching. ①__________And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests.
I gave out homework assignments. When the work came back, I calculated grades.
②__________Some of my strongest performers did not have equally good IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids weren't doing so well.
And that got me thinking. The kinds of things you need to learn in seventh-graders' math are hard. ③__________I was firmly convinced that every one of my students could learn the material if they worked hard and long enough.
After several more years of teaching, I came to the conclusion that what we need in education is a much better understanding of students and learning from a motivational (动机的) perspective, from a psychological perspective.
So I left the classroom, and I went to graduate school (研究生院) to become a psychologist.
I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super challenging settings, and in every study my question was, who is successful here and why? My research team and I went to the United States Militant Academy. ④__________We went to the National Spelling Bee and tried to predict which children would advance farthest in the competition. In all those very different contexts, one characteristic emerged as a significant predictor of success. ⑤__________It was grit (毅力).
A. It was IQ as well as EQ.
B. It wasn't social intelligence or IQ.
C. But those things are not impossible to learn.
D. Some of my best students really have high IQ.
E. I went to teach seventh-graders' math in a New York City public school.
F. What struck me was that IQ was not the only difference among students.
G. We tried to predict which participants would stay in military training and which would drop out.
10.根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

A series of surveys have shown most students fail to use proven methods of learning effectively, instead wasting their time on ineffective methods.
①___________, the potential pitfalls, and the ways that they can use them more effectively.
Strategy 1 : Rereading
Learning new vocabulary? ②___________ Unfortunately, psychologists believe that it is too passive, meaning that most of the information fails to leave an impression.
Strategy 2 : ③___________
Like rereading, this study technique is nearly ubiquitous (无所不在的). The idea makes sense: the process of underlining key words and phrases should help you to engage more with the information, and it makes it easier to identify the most important passages later on. But although it can bemore effective than passive rereading, underlining and highlighting often fails to work, with most students mindlessly marking up almost every paragraph without much discernment.
Strategy 3 : Note-taking
④___________, and you will find students carefully copying the most important facts into their notebooks. Like underlining and highlighting, the problems come when you fail to be judicious about the material you are including.
Strategy 4 : Outlining
Many teachers encourage their students to take a ‘bird’s eye ’ view of the course they are studying, presenting an overview of the key points to be learned in a structured, logical manner. ⑤___________. But they may also encourage the
student to do it for themselves.
A. Underlining and highlighting
B. Visit any lecture theatre or library
C. Underlining key words and taking notes
D. The best strategy is to read more effectively
E. Sometimes these outlines are created by the instructor themselves
F. The most common strategy is to read the words and their meanings until they stick
G. Fortunately, a new paper has examined misconceptions, with a list of the four most popular study strategies
三、完形填空
11. Mike Jacobs broke up with a girlfriend 30 years ago. He wrote a song to describe his 1 at the end of the relationship. I focus on the memories to make
me 2 the day. But I don't want your sympathy, I just want you back with me to 3 . He kept the words of the song he called Stay close to his heart, but never had the 4 to sing them out loud, let alone turn them into a
potential 5 single.
But after being diagnosed(诊断) with lung cancer and given just nine months to live, Mike, 6 by his family, recorded the song. And it could now become
a(n) 7 No. 1 so that the public took interest in Mike and the story of how Stay came to be recorded has 8 .
Just 16 days after Mike’s death at the age of 61, his 9 wish to have a chart-topping hit is on course to 10 . On Monday night a dip (剪辑) was played on the BBC's The One Show to a studio 11 .
Mike’s son Josh,37, was the 12 force behind the production of the single. “ The idea of getting him to make a(n) 13 came from me. I wanted the last few months of his life to be the 14 they could be.''
As the song now 15 on the Internet, there has been
enthusiastic 16 all over. One post on social media 17 :44 We have downloaded Stay. That's because it would 18 the best award for Mike Jacobs and all the 19 from the single will go to the charity. As Josh says: "I got married last October so my dad could be there. That was impressive but this is even 20 ”.
1.A.sadness B.ambition C.joy D.outcome
2.A.care about B.reflect on C.get through D.dream of
3.A.record B.love C.perform D.stay
4.A.freedom B.confidence C.energy D.privilege
5.A.hit B.value C.fancy D.guide
6.A.raised B.deserted C.honored D.supported
rmal B.unlikely C.irregular D.disagreeable
pleted B.substituted C.mushroomed D.occupied
9.A.leading B.concerning C.dying D.referring
10.A.achieve B.recognize C.guarantee D.search
11.A.team B.audience C.family D.staff
12.A.rolling B.cutting C.grasping D.driving
13.A.record B.clip C.single D.wonder
14.A.happiest B.newest C.wildest D.longest
15.A.exists B.spreads C.inserts D.picks
16.A.production B.survival C.permission D.approval
17.A.exposed B.broadcast C.announced D.read
18.A.represent B.favor C.possess D.deserve
19.A.advantages B.wealth C.profits D.impression
20.A.farther B.better C.cleaner D.surer
12. People say: friendship is life’s most precious feelings. A lot of famous persons think 1 of it. There 2 agreat man who once said : not friendship for life 3 loneliness ; friendship society,just a bustling(喧闹的) desert. Ah, a true friend will not hold anything against anyone and to 4 any person. They are very 5 to allow people to feel the friendship and enjoy the friendship to bring the 6 of the people. It 7 me of a report from a long time ago, which I saw in the newspaper. A pair of friends, they went hiking together. Because of slippery path, a man accidentally fell off a cliff. It was then that his friend 8 rushed to him and took 9 hand. In this way, they 10 for about two hours. During this time, the man was in deep 11 , several times he asked his friends to 12 him go, so fell out together. But his friend said: “And then
insist 13 more than a while, someone will come to save us." Finally, it happened that three workers saw them and gave them a 14 . But the friend's one hand has become badly 15 . At this time, the man 16 his friends wept.
From this story, we know it is important to meet a true friend when we
face the 17 . The true 18 seeks to give, not take; to help, not to be helped; to minister, not to be ministered unto. It is only the greathearted。