中考英语初中英语短语动词的基本方法技巧及练习题及练习题(含答案)

中考英语初中英语短语动词的基本方法技巧及练习题及练习题(含答
案)
一、短语动词
1．——When are you going to for Shanghai?
——Tomorrow morning.
A. get off
B. turn off
C. take off
D. set off
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：——你打算什么时候动身去上海？——明天早上。

get off下车；
turn off关掉；take off脱下；set off出发；动身。

故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

2．— Mary, how can I get to Xianning from Wuhan next week?
— You'd better take a train. the suitable trains in the timetable.
A. Set up
B. Look up
C. Take up
D. Put up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——玛丽，下个星期我怎样才能从武汉到达咸宁？——你最好坐
火车去。

在时间表中查找合适的列车。

A. Set up建立；B. Look up查找；C. Take up从事；D.
Put up张贴，举起。

这里是表示查找，故答案为B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

理解句意并掌握词组的意义和用法。

3．—Alice, don't put your things here, ___________. —OK, I will.
A. put away them
B. put on them
C. put them away
D. put them on
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意:一爱丽丝，不要把你的东西放在这儿，把它们放好。

一好的，我会
的。

put away放好，抛弃，储存。

put on穿上，上演，增加;两个词组在运用时，当宾语是
代词时都放在词组中间。

因为第一句things是复数，所以用代词them 来代替。

由句意可
知选C。

4．If you want to know more about space, please ___________ the book A Brief History of Time.
A. look through
B. look around
C. look after
D. look down upon
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：如果你想多了解太空，请浏览《时间简史》这本书。

look through
浏览；look around环顾四周；look after照顾；look down upon瞧不起。

根据句意，故答案
为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。

5．— Do you think my classmates will laugh at me?
— Maybe. But I think you are right.
A. go out with
B. make friends with
C. make jokes about
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——你觉得我的同学们在嘲笑我吗？——也许是，但是我觉得你
是对的。

laugh at嘲笑；go out with和……出去；与……约会；make friends with与……交朋友；make jokes about开……的玩笑。

故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

6．The traveler ______ his map to make sure he was not lost.
A. looked after
B. looked up
C. looked for
D. looked down
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：旅行者为了确保自己不会迷路去查阅地图。

A.照顾；B.查阅；C.寻找；D.瞧不起，向下看。

此处应是查阅地图，以防迷路，故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

注意选项的词义和用法。

7．— Excuse me, may I take a seat here?
— Of course.
A. sit
B. sleep
C. smoke
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：——打扰一下，我可以坐这儿吗？——当然。

take a seat坐下，sit 坐；sleep睡眠；smoke抽烟。

故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语。

8．一 It's difficult to fix my mind on what I'm doing.
一 I think you need some rest. Why not have a rest first?
A. give up
B. focus on
C. talk about
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——很难把思想集中在我正在做的事情上。

——我觉得你需要休息。

为什么不先休息呢？fix one's mind on把思想集中在……上；give up放弃；focus on集中（注意力）；talk about谈论。

故选B。

【点评】考查动词短语。

9．—Do you know who _______ my umbrella? I can't find it.—Sorry. I went out just now.
A. took away
B. took up
C. took off
D. took out
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：---你知道谁拿走了我的雨伞吗？我找不到了。

---对不去，我刚才出去了。

take away拿走；take up拿起；从事；take off脱掉；起飞；take out取出。

根据句意，故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记take构成的短语，根据句意判断答案。

10．- Look! Smiths are playing basketball.
- Let's them.
A. The; join in
B. The; join
C. A; join in
D. A; join 【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：看！史密斯一家正在打乒乓球。

让我们和他们一起打篮球吧。

“the+姓氏名词的复数”表示“…一家”或“…夫妇”, Smiths史密斯姓氏复数，故前用the；而join sb.和某人在一起，join them和他们一起打球．故选B。

【点评】定冠词（the）;动词词义辨析。

11．— How long does it take you to prepare for the English exam?
— It takes me about one week and a half.
A. take off
B. decide on
C. get ready for
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——你准备英语考试花了多长时间？——花了一个半周。

prepare for为……做准备；take off脱下；起飞；decide on决定；get ready for为……做准备。

故选Ｃ。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

12．It's six o'clock．It's time to get up．Please ．
A. wake up him
B. wake him up
C. heat up him
D. heat him up
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：6点了，该起床了，请把他叫醒。

wake up叫醒；heat up加热。

“及物动词+副词”构成的动词短语在跟代词作宾语是，注意代词放在动词后副词前，故选
B。

【点评】考查动词短语
13．How I wish I could sleep longer! However, I had to get there before the plane_________. A. ran off B. went off C. took off D. set off
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：我多么希望能多睡会。

然而我必须在飞机起飞之前赶到那儿。

A. ran off 逃跑；B. went off离开；C. took off 脱下（衣服，鞋袜等），（飞机）起飞； D. set
off出发，动身。

根据句意是飞机起飞，故答案为C。

【点评】考查短语动词：take off（飞机）起飞
14．The students ought to wear school uniforms when they're at school.
A. are supposed to
B. are allowed to
C. would like to
D. love to
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意:当学生们在学校的时候应该穿校服。

ought to的意思是应该，后跟
动词的原形。

be supposed to 被认为应该做某事；be allowed to do sth.被允许去做某事；would like to 愿意去做某事；love to 喜欢去做某事。

故选A。

【点评】考查动词。

15．—Could we the arriving time for school to 8:00 am, Mr. Li?
—You mean 7:30 is a little earlier? Let's discuss it with the headmaster.
A. find out
B. give up
C. put off
D. cut out
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——李先生，我们可以将到校时间推迟到早上八点吗？——你意
思是7点半早了一点吗？那么我们和校长一起商量一下吧。

A.弄明白；B.放弃；C.推迟；D.
切断。

由于觉得7点半有的早，所以将时间推迟到8点，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

注意find out，give up，put off和cut out的词义和用法。

16．It's very hot. But I think it's impolite to _____ your clothes in public.
A. set off
B. turn off
C. take off
D. get off
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：天气虽然很热。

但我认为当众脱衣服是不礼貌的。

A. set off 动身；B. turn off 关上；C. take off 脱掉；D. get off 下车。

根据 it's impolite to 可知是脱衣服，
故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，注意根据 it's impolite to的语境选择合适的用法。

17．There was a rainstorm yesterday. The flood _______ the old bridge over the small river.
A. washed away
B. went away
C. kept away
D. ran away
【答案】A
【解析】【分析】句意：昨天有一场暴风雨。

洪水冲走了小河上的旧桥。

wash away冲走；go away离开；keep away使远离；run away逃跑。

根据句意，故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，熟记与away构成的动词短语，在理解句意的基础上判断答案。

18．My son _______ his father, because they are both cheerful.
A. looks after
B. takes after
C. runs after
D. looks like
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】look after照顾；照看；take after（面貌、言行、性格等）像；run after 追赶； look like（外表）看起来像。

句意为“我儿子像他父亲，两个人都乐呵呵的。

”显然是指性格方面像，故选B。

19．—How can we help the children in the mountain village?
—We can ____ leaflets to ask people to donate money.
A. give in
B. give off
C. give up
D. give out
【答案】 D
【解析】【分析】句意：—我们如何能帮助山村里的孩子？—我们可以散发传单号召人们
捐款。

give in屈服; 投降; 让步；give off发出; 放出; 散发出; 放射出; give up放弃；give out分发; 公布。

所以选D
20．Jack is dishonest. He always some excuses for doing something wrong.
A. makes up
B. sets up
C. takes up
D. picks up
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：Jack不诚实，他总是编造一些理由为他做的错事。

make up 编造；set up建立；take up拿起，从事，占据；pick up拾起，捡起，接某人。

根据句意Jack is dishonest可知应选A。

21．—How was your May Day holiday?
—Just so so, I tried to find a place to park my car near He Garden, but they were all ______.
A. looked up
B. taken up
C. put up
D. turned up
【答案】B
【解析】【分析】句意：—你的五一假期过得怎么样？—一般般，我努力地在花园附近找
地方停车，但是他们都被占了。

looked up查找；taken up占据；put up张贴；turned up出
现，把声音开大。

根据句意可知，这里说的停车位都被占了，故答案为B。

【点评】此题考查动词短语和动词的被动语态的用法，平时注意记忆和区分短语动词的意
义和用法。

还要注意记忆不规则动词的被动语态。

22．A wolf has become the mascot（吉祥物） of the World Cup 2018 that ________ in Russia.
A.took place
B.held
C.will take place
D.will hold
【答案】C
【解析】【分析】句意：将在俄罗斯举行的2018世界杯的吉祥物是一只狼。

took place发
生，举行，是过去式；held举行，过去式；will take place将要举行；will hold将要举行。

根据句中的时间2018可知，这里是将来的事情，应用一般将来时态，故先排除A和B。

that引导的定语从句，先行词是the World Cup 2018与动词hold构成被动关系，应用被动
语态，故D不对；take place不能用于被动语态，故答案为C。

【点评】此题考查的被动语态和动词辨析，平时注意区分动词短语的意义和用法。

注意动
词的时态和语态的用法。

23．“One Belt（带），One Road”will s erve to________markets for China as well as other countries along．
A. put up
B. set up
C. take up
D. open up
【答案】D
【解析】【分析】句意：“一带一路”将会对中国和其他的国家开放服务市场。

A.put up举
起，张贴； B.set up建立；C.take up占据，从事； D.open up开放；结合句意和语境可知是
开放市场。

故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语动词。

牢记固定动词短语的意义。

24．May Day is on the way. Many shops have huge posters with the word “SALE”.
A. put on
B. put up
C. put away
D. put off
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：五一节就要到了，许多商店都贴上了写着"促销"巨幅海报。

A. put
on穿上；B. put up张贴；C. put away放好；D. put off推迟。

结合句意和语境可知，应该是
"张贴"。

故答案为B。

【点评】考查短语动词。

熟练掌握短语的意义和用法。

25．— Did you have fun camping on that hill?
— Actually not. It's not easy to find a suitable place to _______ our tents.
A. give up
B. put up
C. turn up
D. stay up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：——你在山上野营玩得开心吗？——实际上不是。

找一个合适的
地方搭帐篷是不容易的。

A. give up放弃；B. put up张贴; 举起，建造； C. turn up出现; 翻起; 开大；D. stay up熬夜。

搭帐篷用put up tents表示。

结合句意，故答案为B。

【点评】考查短语动词。

掌握短语的意义和用法。

26．According to my brother, fishing is an excellent hobby to_______.
A. pick up
B. take up
C. put up
D. turn up
【答案】 B
【解析】【分析】句意：根据我哥哥的说法，钓鱼是可以从事的一种非常优秀的爱好。

A.pick up捡起；
B.take up从事；
C.put up张贴；
D.turn up出现。

根据take up a hobby从事
一种爱好，故答案为B。

【点评】考查短语动词。

牢记动词短语。

27．—Why do you want to your job? You did really well.
— Because I just want to join my husband's company and give him support.
A. give out
B. give in
C. give up
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：——你为什么想要放弃你的工作？你做得真的很好。

——因为我
只是想要加入我丈夫的公司，支持他。

A. 分发，发出， B. 屈服，C. 放弃，要加入丈夫的公
司，需要放弃现在的工作，故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

根据句意确定正确的选项，并牢记三个短语。

28．I'm afraid I can't go swimming with you, because I have to _______ my little brother at home A. look for B. make fun of C. care for
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：恐怕我不能和你一起去游泳，因为我不得不在家照顾我的小弟
弟。

A. 寻找，B. 嘲笑，C. 照顾，根据语境，不能一起去游泳，应是为了照顾弟弟，故选
C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

首先读懂句意，然后选出合适的短语，确保句子通顺。

29．—Have you ever read the book The Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare？
—Yes, I don't like Sherlock. He is selfish. He usually only thinks of himself and doesn't other people.
A. care about
B. hear about
C. worry about
D. know about
【答案】 A
【解析】【分析】句意：---你看过莎士比亚的《威尼斯商人》吗？---是的，我不喜欢夏洛
克。

他自私。

他通常只想到自己，不关心别人。

care about关心；hear about听说；worry about担心；know about了解。

根据句意，故答案为A。

【点评】考查短语辨析，熟记短语，理解句意，根据语境判断选项。

30．He never ____learning English .That was why he was successful at last.
A. gave in
B. gave out
C. gave up
D. gave away
【答案】 C
【解析】【分析】句意：他从不放弃学英语，那就是他最后成功的原因。

give in 屈服，让步；give out发出（光，热等）；分发；give up放弃；give away泄露（秘密等），故选C。

【点评】考查短语辨析。