2009高考英语词义辨析题集萃

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高考英语词义辨析题集萃
一、理解题干,注意语境。

先看全国卷I第33小题:
Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to ____ them hard.
A. draw
B. strike
C. rush
D. push
常见单词不常见的含义是高考英语命题的焦点之一。

解答本题时,关键是要理解题干中的前后两个分句之间是对比关系。

然后,根据四个词后跟sb hard的含义,进行选择填空。

draw sb. hard “用力拉、拖某人”;strike sb. hard “用力碰、撞某人”;rush sb. hard“催促某人”;push sb. hard“鞭策、督促”。

题意为:多鼓励孩子尝试新事物,但尽量不要强迫他们。

根据题意和词义分析,选择D。

二、瞻前顾后,关注搭配。

再看湖北卷第23题:
The loss has not yet been ____ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars. A.calculated B. considered C. completed D. controlled
解答本题时,关键要看关键词accurately“精确地”,必须与calculate搭配。

题意为:损失没有进行精确的核算,但人们相信损失远远超过1亿美元。

所以答案为A。

三、辨析词义,慎选答案。

再看湖北卷26小题:
In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a ____ for everyone to stand up. A. signal B. chance C. mark D. measure
本题考查名词辨析,题意为:下课铃响,老师合上课本,这表明,学生该起立说再见了。

四个选项的意思分别为:A“信号”;B“机会”,C“记号”;D“尺度、措施”。

这样根据词义辨析和题干的含义选择A。

我们可以把上述词义辨析题的解决方法概括为如下口诀:
词辨析,莫害怕;
审题干,看搭配。

辩词义,选答案;
方法对,答案准。

四、真题演练
请用上述方法解答如下09高考英语试题中的其他词义辨析试题:
1.(全国卷II,11)I’m sure that your letter will get _____ attention. They know you’re waiting for the reply.
A. continued
B. immediate
C. careful
D. general
2. (全国卷II,15)If you leave the club, you will not be _____ in.
A. received
B. admitted
C. turned
D. moved
3. (湖北卷,24)Some paprents are just too protective. They want to _____ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. spot
B. dismiss
C. shelter
D. distinguish
4. (湖北卷,25)Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for ____ building.
A. respect
B. friendship
C. reputation
D. character
5.(湖北卷,27)As there is less and less coal and oil, scientists are exploring new ways of making use of
______ energy, such as sunlight, wind and water for power and fuel.
A. primary
B. alternative
C. instant
D. unique
6.(湖北卷,28)The questionaire takes ______ ten to fifteen minutes to complete and can be used along with the assessment.
A. mainly
B. punctually
C. approximately
D. precisely
7. (湖南卷,24)I can _____ be a teacher. I’m not a very patient person.
A. seldom
B. ever
C. never
D. always
8. (陕西卷,20)From their _____ on the top of the TV tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.
A. stage
B. position
C. condition
D. situation
9.(山东卷,23)I felt so bad all day yesterday that I decided this morning I couldn’t face _____ day like that.
A. other
B. another
C. the other
D. others
10.(山东卷,26)---Do you have enough to ____ all your expenses?
---Oh, yes, enough and to spare.
A. cover
B. spend
C. fill
D. offer
11. (山东卷,29)---He says that my new car is a _____ of money.
---Don’t you think those words are just sour grapes?
A. lack
B. load
C. question
D. waste
12.(山东卷,33)It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot_____ easy reach.
A. near
B. upon
C. within
D. around
13.(福建卷,23)---How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space!
---It’s a chanllenge, I guess, _____ man against nature.
A. of
B. for
C. by
D. about
14. (福建卷,27)We are at your service. Don’t ____ to turn to us if you have any further problems.
A. beg
B. hesitate
C. desire
D. seek
15. (福建卷,29)The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any _____ when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.
A. delay
B. effort
C. schedule
D. consideration
16. (福建卷,30)It seems that living green is _____ easy and affordable. A small step makes a big difference.
A. exactly
B. fortunately
C. surprisingly
D. hardly
17.(安徽卷,24)---Do you think it’s a good idea to make friends with your students?
---______,Ido. I think it’s.
A. Really
B. Obviously
C. Actually
D. Generally
18. (安徽卷,25)Just as Professor Scottii often ____ it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude.
A. gets
B. makes
C. puts
D. means
19. (安徽卷,31)China has got a good ____ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth otganization.
A. reputation
B. influence
C. impression
D. knowledge
20.(天津卷,1)I’m trying to break the _____ of getting up too late.
A. tradition
B. convenience
C. habit
D. leisure
21. (天津卷,8)Don’t worry if you don’t understand everything. The teacher will _____ the main points at
the end.
A. recover
B. review
C. require
D. remember
22. (天津卷,12)It was a nice house, but ____ too small for a family of five.
A. rarely
B. fairly
C. rather
D. pretty
23. (天津卷,13)I’m surprised that he became a writer. Even as a child he had a ____ imagination.
A. clear
B. cautious
C. funny
D. vivid
24.(辽宁卷,25)Usually John would be late for meetings. But this time, _____ to my surprise, he arrived on time.
A. little
B. much
C. ever
D. even
25. (辽宁卷,32)Children need friends ____ their own age to play with.
A. of
B. for
C. in
D. at
26.(浙江卷,5)The incomes of skilled workers went up. _____, unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.
A. Moreover
B. Therefore
C. Meanwhile
D. Otherwise
27. (浙江卷,6)The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ____ to the digital resourses of the library.
A. access
B. passage
C. way
D. approach
28.(浙江卷,11)The good thing about children is that they _____ very easily to new environments.
A. adapt
B. appeal
C. attach
D. apply
29.(浙江卷,15)John is very _____---if he promises to do something, he will do it.
A. independent
B. confident
C. reliable
D. flexiable
30.(四川卷,3)I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy_______.
A. one
B. it
C. this
D. that
31.(四川卷,6)A great person is always putting others’ interests ____ his own.
A. below
B. above
C. in
D. on
32.(江西卷,32)Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be ____ to the kids.
A. accessible
B. relative
C. acceptable
D. sensitive
33. (全国卷I、宁夏/海南卷,34) Everybody was touched _____ words after they heard her moving story.
A. beyond
B. without
C. of
D. in
34. (北京卷,30)The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, ____ little foreign ownership.
A. by
B. of
C. with
D. from
35. (湖南卷,22)Most Americans would prefer to keep ther problems ____ themselves, and solve their problems ____ themselves.
A. to; by
B.by; to
C. for; to
D. in; on
答案解析:
1.B.考查形容词辨析。

语意为:我相信你的信会马上引起他们的注意。

他们知道你在等待答复。

immediate“立即的”、“即刻的”,根据词义选B。

2.B.考查动词辨析。

语意为:如果你退出该俱乐部,人家就不会重新接受你加入。

短语搭配be admitted in/into 表示“被录取、被接受进入”,根据搭配选B。

3.C.考查动词辨析。

语意表示有些父母想保护孩子,以使孩子免遭任何实际的或者凭空想象出来的危
险。

spot“认出、玷污”;dismiss“开除、解雇”;shelter“庇护、保护”;distinguish“区别”。

根据题意和词义,只有C符合题意。

4.D.考查名词辨析。

语意为:独自远足有趣且利于健康。

它也可能有利于塑造性格。

character building “品质培养”,根据搭配选D。

5.B.考查形容词辨析。

语意为:由于煤炭和石油的储量越来越少,科学家们正在探索利用可替代能源,比如阳光、风和水用来发电和燃料。

primary“初等的、初级的”;alternative“可代替的、可选择的”;instant“瞬间的”;unique“唯一的”。

根据题意选B。

6.C.考查副词辨析。

mainly“主要地”;punctually“准时地”;approximately“大约”;precisely“精确地、准确地”。

题干中ten to fifteen minutes表明应该选C。

7.C.考查副词辨析。

题意为:我永远也当不了老师,因为我没有耐心。

根据题意和选项的含义,选择C。

8.B.考查名词辨析。

句意为:从他们所在的电视塔顶的位置,游客们可以更好地观察这座城市。

stage “(进展的)阶段、时期”;position“位置”;condition“情况、条件”;situation“形势、情况、情景”。

根据题意和词义辨析,只有B符合题意。

9. B.考查形容词辨析。

句意为:我昨天一天都很难受,以至于我今天早晨决定再也不能面对像那样的一天了。

other形容词,“别的、其他的”,使用它空前应该加冠词;another“三个或三个以上的另一个”;the other“两者或两部分的另一个或几个”;others“代词”,后面不可以再跟名词。

题意和词义决定只有B符合题意。

10.A.考查动词辨析。

句意为:你有足够的钱来支付你所有的日常开销吗?cover“足够支付”。

11.D.考查名词辨析。

通过下文“你不认为那些话是酸葡萄吗?”可知,前句的意思“他说我的车师浪费钱。

”lack“缺乏”;load“负担、负荷”;question“问题”;waste“浪费”。

根据题意选D。

12.C.考查介词辨析。

within reach“在……可到达范围之内”、“触手可及的”,为习惯搭配。

13.A.考查介词辨析。

of表示“……的”,题干中I guess是插入语,去掉后就容易明白。

根据搭配选A。

14.B.考查动词辨析。

beg“乞求”;hesitate“犹豫”;desire“渴望”;seek“寻求”。

题意为:我们随时为您服务。

如果你还有什么问题,请不要犹豫找我们帮忙。

所以选B。

15.A.考查名词辨析。

题意为:当甲型H1N1病毒在2009年4月袭击墨西哥时,联合国立即号召所有国家立刻采取行动。

without delay“毫不拖延、立即”,根据题意和搭配选A。

16.C.考查副词辨析。

语意为:看起来绿色生活是惊人地容易,并且(人们)能够承受得了。

exactly “确切地”;fortunately“幸运地”;surprisingly“令人吃惊地”;hardly“几乎不、简直不”。

根据词义辨析,只有C符合题意。

17.C.考查副词辨析。

Really“真地”;Obviously“显然地”;Actually“真实地”、“实际上”;Generally “通常、一般”。

根据题干后面的答语可知,只有C项符合题意。

18.C.考查动词词义辨析。

句意为:正如Scott教授所说:成功是靠99%的心态。

get“理解”;make“成功地做”;put“描述、表达”;mean“意思是”。

根据题意和词义,只有C符合题意。

19.A.考查名词辨析。

语意为:中国在抗击流感中因细致与平稳的安排获得很好的荣誉。

reputation “荣誉”;influence“影响”;impression“印象”;knowledge“知识”。

根据题意和词义,只有A符合题意。

20.C.考查名词辨析。

句意为:我正试图改掉起床太晚的习惯。

habbit“习惯”,根符合题意。

21.B.考查动词辨析。

recover“康复、重新获得”;review“复习、回顾”;require“要求;remember “记得”、“记起”。

根据题意和词义选B。

22.C.考查副词辨析。

根据搭配,只有rather可以与too连用。

根据搭配选C。

23.D.考查形容词辨析。

根据搭配,vivid imagination“活跃的想象力”。

24.B.考查副词辨析。

根据句意和搭配,much表示程度,可以修饰to one’s surprise 意为“非常令某人吃惊的是”。

25.A.考查介词辨析。

根据搭配,friends of their own age “他们同龄的朋友们”。

26.C.考查副词辨析。

根据语意和词义填C。

语意为:技术熟练工人的工资增加了,同时技术不熟练的工人的工资在下降。

moreover“再者,而且”;therefore“因此、所以”;meanwhile“同时”;otherwise “否则”。

27.A.考查名词辨析。

根据搭配,give …access to是固定词组,“能得到、能进入”。

句意为:新设计的系统能够让学生便捷、容易地搜索到图书馆的电子资源。

28.A.考查动词辨析。

题意为:关于孩子们,好的一点就是他们很容易适应环境。

四个选项的动词都可以与介词to连用。

根据含义adapt“适应”;appeal“呼吁”;attach“相关”;apply“运用、适用于”。

可知选A。

29.C.考查形容词辨析。

根据语意:John非常值得信赖---如果是他答应的事,他一定会做到的。

independent“独立的”;confident“有信心的”;reliable“可信赖的”;flexiable“易变的”。

根据题意和词义选择C。

30.B.考查代词辨析。

根据选项代词的含义和题意选B。

it“它”,代表前文提到的同一个事物,可代替可数名词单数,也可以代替不可数名词;one“一个”,指代前文同类事物中的一个;that“那个”,代指前文特指的事物同类的那一个,可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词;this“这个”。

31.B.考查介词辨析。

above“高于”、“在……之上”,根据句意:一个伟大的人常把他人的利益放在自己的利益之上。

32.A.考查形容词辨析。

accessible“可以得到的、可以接近的”;relative“相关的”;acceptable“可接受的”;sensitive“敏感的”。

句意为:Frank把药放在顶层的抽屉中,以确保孩子够不到。

33. A.考查代词词义辨析。

beyond words“无法用语言表达”。

语意为:听过她的这个动人故事后,每个人都感动地说不出话来。

34. C. 考查代词词义辨析。

句意为:该地的酿酒工业以一种特殊的方式得到了发展,几乎没有国外的所有权。

with 表示“拥有”,符合题意。

35.A.考查代词辨析。

根据搭配keep…to oneself“使……为自己所保持”,by oneself“独自”、“单独”,选择A。

句意为:大多数美国人喜欢把问题一个人扛着,独自解决。

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